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<span>Elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1970s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>1970s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>1980s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>1990s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000–2008" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000–2008"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>2000–2008</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000–2008-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obama_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obama_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>Obama administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obama_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Committee_assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Committee_assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Committee assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Committee_assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1996_presidential_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1996_presidential_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>1996 presidential campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1996_presidential_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Senate_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Senate_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Post-Senate career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-Senate_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Post-Senate career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Post-Senate_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Lugar_Center" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Lugar_Center"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>The Lugar Center</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Lugar_Center-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Political positions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political positions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abortion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abortion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Abortion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abortion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agricultural_reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agricultural_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Agricultural reform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agricultural_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bipartisan_governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bipartisan_governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Bipartisan governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bipartisan_governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate_change" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_change"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Climate change</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_change-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Cuba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gun_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gun_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Gun control</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gun_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care_reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.8</span> <span>Health care reform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.9</span> <span>Immigration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.10</span> <span>Iraq War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial_nominees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial_nominees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.11</span> <span>Judicial nominees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial_nominees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.12</span> <span>LGBT issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_East" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_East"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.13</span> <span>Middle East</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_East-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuclear_stockpile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuclear_stockpile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.14</span> <span>Nuclear stockpile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuclear_stockpile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.15</span> <span>Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_international_policy_achievements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_international_policy_achievements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.16</span> <span>Other international policy achievements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_international_policy_achievements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Views_on_Trump_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Views_on_Trump_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.17</span> <span>Views on Trump administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Views_on_Trump_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Awards and honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_outside_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_outside_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Other outside activities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_outside_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Richard_G._Lugar_Center_for_Public_Health_Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Richard_G._Lugar_Center_for_Public_Health_Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Richard G. Lugar Center for Public Health Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Richard_G._Lugar_Center_for_Public_Health_Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Personal life and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Richard Lugar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ريتشارد لوغار – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ريتشارد لوغار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B1" title="ریچارد لوقر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ریچارد لوقر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Lugar" title="Dick Lugar – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dick Lugar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="ریچارد لوگر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ریچارد لوگر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Lugar" title="Dick Lugar – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dick Lugar" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A6%27%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8" title="ריצ'רד לוגאר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ריצ'רד לוגאר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="რიჩარდ ლუგარი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რიჩარდ ლუგარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ريتشارد لوجار – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ريتشارد لوجار" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80,_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Лугар, Ричард – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лугар, Ричард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Lugar" title="Dick Lugar – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dick Lugar" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Richard Lugar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Річард Лугар – Ukrainian" lang="uk" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (1932–2019)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Richard Lugar</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Dick_Lugar_official_photo_2010.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Dick_Lugar_official_photo_2010.JPG/250px-Dick_Lugar_official_photo_2010.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Dick_Lugar_official_photo_2010.JPG/330px-Dick_Lugar_official_photo_2010.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Dick_Lugar_official_photo_2010.JPG/500px-Dick_Lugar_official_photo_2010.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3040" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Senator Lugar in 2010</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1977 – January 3, 2013</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vance_Hartke" title="Vance Hartke">Vance Hartke</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Donnelly" title="Joe Donnelly">Joe Donnelly</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Joe Biden</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Percy" title="Charles H. Percy">Chuck Percy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Claiborne_Pell" title="Claiborne Pell">Claiborne Pell</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Senate Agriculture Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 20, 2001 – June 6, 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Tom Harkin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Tom Harkin</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 4, 1995 – January 3, 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Patrick Leahy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Tom Harkin</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">44th <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="List of mayors of Indianapolis">Mayor of Indianapolis</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 1, 1968 – January 1, 1976</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_J._Barton" title="John J. Barton">John Barton</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hudnut_III" title="William H. Hudnut III">William Hudnut</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Richard Green Lugar</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1932-04-04</span>)</span>April 4, 1932<br /><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 28, 2019<span style="display:none">(2019-04-28)</span> (aged 87)<br /><a href="/wiki/Falls_Church,_Virginia" title="Falls Church, Virginia">Falls Church, Virginia</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Arlington_National_Cemetery" title="Arlington National Cemetery">Arlington National Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Charlene Smeltzer</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="September 8, 1956">1956</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Denison_University" title="Denison University">Denison University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Pembroke_College,_Oxford" title="Pembroke College, Oxford">Pembroke College, Oxford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">MA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_of_Richard_Lugar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Richard Lugar's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Signature_of_Richard_Lugar.svg/250px-Signature_of_Richard_Lugar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Signature_of_Richard_Lugar.svg/330px-Signature_of_Richard_Lugar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1143" data-file-height="164" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="520" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1957–1960</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_O2_infobox.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/US_Navy_O2_infobox.svg/40px-US_Navy_O2_infobox.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/US_Navy_O2_infobox.svg/60px-US_Navy_O2_infobox.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="102" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(junior_grade)" title="Lieutenant (junior grade)">Lieutenant, junior grade</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Sen._Richard_Lugar_Introduces_the_Soviet_Nuclear_Threat_Reduction_Act_of_1991.ogg" title="File:Sen. Richard Lugar Introduces the Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991.ogg">Richard Lugar's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="623" data-mwtitle="Sen._Richard_Lugar_Introduces_the_Soviet_Nuclear_Threat_Reduction_Act_of_1991.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Sen._Richard_Lugar_Introduces_the_Soviet_Nuclear_Threat_Reduction_Act_of_1991.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/Sen._Richard_Lugar_Introduces_the_Soviet_Nuclear_Threat_Reduction_Act_of_1991.ogg/Sen._Richard_Lugar_Introduces_the_Soviet_Nuclear_Threat_Reduction_Act_of_1991.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Richard Lugar speaks on the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Nuclear_Threat_Reduction_Act_of_1991" title="Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991">Nunn–Lugar Act</a><br />Recorded November 25, 1991</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Richard Green Lugar</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/u/: 'u' in 'influence'">u</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">LOO</span>-gər</i></a>; April 4, 1932 – April 28, 2019) was an American politician who served as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> from 1977 to 2013. He was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>. </p><p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>, Lugar graduated from <a href="/wiki/Denison_University" title="Denison University">Denison University</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>. He served on the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Public_Schools" title="Indianapolis Public Schools">Indianapolis Board of School Commissioners</a> from 1964 to 1967 before he was elected to two terms as <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="List of mayors of Indianapolis">mayor of Indianapolis</a>, serving from 1968 to 1976. During his tenure as mayor, Lugar served as the president of the <a href="/wiki/National_League_of_Cities" title="National League of Cities">National League of Cities</a> in 1971 and gave the <a href="/wiki/Keynote" title="Keynote">keynote</a> address at the <a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_National_Convention" title="1972 Republican National Convention">1972 Republican National Convention</a>. </p><p>In 1974, Lugar ran his first campaign for the U.S. Senate. In the <a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1974 United States Senate elections">year's senate elections</a> he lost to incumbent <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> senator <a href="/wiki/Birch_Bayh" title="Birch Bayh">Birch Bayh</a>. He <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1976 United States Senate election in Indiana">ran again in 1976</a>, defeating Democratic incumbent <a href="/wiki/Vance_Hartke" title="Vance Hartke">Vance Hartke</a>. Lugar continued to be reelected until <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2012 United States Senate election in Indiana">2012</a>, when he was defeated by <a href="/wiki/Indiana_State_Treasurer" title="Indiana State Treasurer">Indiana State Treasurer</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Mourdock" title="Richard Mourdock">Richard Mourdock</a> in the Republican primary by 21 points, who subsequently lost in the general election to Democrat <a href="/wiki/Joe_Donnelly" title="Joe Donnelly">Joe Donnelly</a>, ending his 36-year tenure in the U.S. Senate. Lugar ran for the Republican nomination for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Republican Party presidential primaries">1996 primaries</a> but lack of success led to his withdrawal early in the campaign. </p><p>During Lugar's tenure, he served as Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Committee on Foreign Relations</a> from 1985 to 1987 and from 2003 to 2007, serving as the ranking member of the committee from 2007 until his departure in 2013. Lugar also twice served as Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry</a>, from 1995 to 2001 and briefly again in part of 2001. Much of Lugar's work in the Senate was toward the dismantling of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biological_agent" title="Biological agent">biological</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapon" title="Chemical weapon">chemical weapons</a> around the world, co-sponsoring his most notable piece of legislation with Georgia Democrat <a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Nunn%E2%80%93Lugar_Cooperative_Threat_Reduction" title="Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction">Nunn–Lugar Act</a>. </p><p>Following his service in the Senate, Lugar created a nonprofit organization which specializes in the policy areas he pursued while in office. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life,_education,_and_early_career"><span id="Early_life.2C_education.2C_and_early_career"></span>Early life, education, and early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life, education, and early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Richard Lugar was born on April 4, 1932, in Indianapolis, Indiana, the son of Bertha (<i><span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a></span></i> Green) and Marvin Lugar.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was of part <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a> descent.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar attended <a href="/wiki/Shortridge_High_School" title="Shortridge High School">Shortridge High School</a>. During this time he attained the rank of <a href="/wiki/Eagle_Scout_(Boy_Scouts_of_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)">Eagle Scout</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Boy_Scouts_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Boy Scouts of America">Boy Scouts</a>' highest.<sup id="cite_ref-honor_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-honor-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, he became a recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Eagle_Scout_Award" title="Distinguished Eagle Scout Award">Distinguished Eagle Scout Award</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Boy_Scouts_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Boy Scouts of America">Boy Scouts of America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-desalista_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-desalista-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He graduated first in his class at <a href="/wiki/Shortridge_High_School" title="Shortridge High School">Shortridge High School</a> in 1950 and from <a href="/wiki/Denison_University" title="Denison University">Denison University</a> in 1954, where he was a member of <a href="/wiki/Beta_Theta_Pi" title="Beta Theta Pi">Beta Theta Pi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LugarBiography_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LugarBiography-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He went on to attend <a href="/wiki/Pembroke_College,_Oxford" title="Pembroke College, Oxford">Pembroke College, Oxford</a>, England, as a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholar</a> and received a second bachelor's degree and a master's degree in 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Oxford, Lugar was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Men%27s_Basketball" title="Oxford University Men's Basketball">Oxford University men's basketball team</a> that won the <a href="/wiki/English_National_Cup_(basketball)" title="English National Cup (basketball)">1955 A.B.B.A. National Championship</a>. He served in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> from 1956 to 1960; one of his assignments was as an intelligence briefer for Admiral <a href="/wiki/Arleigh_Burke" title="Arleigh Burke">Arleigh Burke</a>. He achieved the rank of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(junior_grade)" title="Lieutenant (junior grade)">Lieutenant, Junior Grade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar managed his family's 604-acre (244 ha) <a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Indiana" title="Marion County, Indiana">Marion County</a> <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">soybean</a> and tree farm. Before entering public life, he helped his brother Tom manage the family's food machinery <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">manufacturing</a> business in Indianapolis.<sup id="cite_ref-LugarBiography_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LugarBiography-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indianapolis_politics_and_mayorship">Indianapolis politics and mayorship</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Indianapolis politics and mayorship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar served on the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Public_Schools" title="Indianapolis Public Schools">Indianapolis Board of School Commissioners</a> from 1964 to 1967. He was elected <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="List of mayors of Indianapolis">mayor of Indianapolis</a> <a href="/wiki/1967_Indianapolis_mayoral_election" title="1967 Indianapolis mayoral election">in 1967</a>, at the age of 35, defeating incumbent Democrat <a href="/wiki/John_J._Barton" title="John J. Barton">John J. Barton</a>, and began serving the first of two mayoral terms in 1968. (A political cartoon of the time questioned how an Eagle Scout could survive in the world of politics.)<sup id="cite_ref-honor_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-honor-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was closely associated with the adoption of <a href="/wiki/Unigov" title="Unigov">Unigov</a> in 1970, which unified the governments of Indianapolis and <a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Indiana" title="Marion County, Indiana">Marion County</a>. The Unigov plan helped trigger Indianapolis's economic growth and earned Lugar the post of president of the <a href="/wiki/National_League_of_Cities" title="National League of Cities">National League of Cities</a> in 1971. In 1972, Lugar was the keynote speaker at the Republican National Convention.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time he became known as "<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>'s favorite mayor", owing to his support for <a href="/wiki/Devolution" title="Devolution">devolving</a> federal powers to local communities.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Nixon visited Indianapolis in February 1970, he stated during a speech that he would meet with Lugar and other mayors ahead of a conference with Governors on environmental issues.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 14, 1974, Lugar dismissed Police Chief Winston L. Churchill following allegations of widespread corruption in the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Police_Department" title="Indianapolis Police Department">Indianapolis Police Department</a>. Lugar stated the dismissal came following meetings with dozens of policemen and after having had the counsel of a seven member committee of citizens to aid in the investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._Senate">U.S. Senate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: U.S. Senate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Richard_Lugar" title="Electoral history of Richard Lugar">Electoral history of Richard Lugar</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Lugar_1977_congressional_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Richard_Lugar_1977_congressional_photo.jpg/200px-Richard_Lugar_1977_congressional_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Richard_Lugar_1977_congressional_photo.jpg/300px-Richard_Lugar_1977_congressional_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Richard_Lugar_1977_congressional_photo.jpg/400px-Richard_Lugar_1977_congressional_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="441" data-file-height="513" /></a><figcaption>Lugar in 1977, during his first term in the Senate</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indiana_U.S._Senate_Republican_primary,_2012.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Indiana_U.S._Senate_Republican_primary%2C_2012.svg/250px-Indiana_U.S._Senate_Republican_primary%2C_2012.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Indiana_U.S._Senate_Republican_primary%2C_2012.svg/330px-Indiana_U.S._Senate_Republican_primary%2C_2012.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Indiana_U.S._Senate_Republican_primary%2C_2012.svg/500px-Indiana_U.S._Senate_Republican_primary%2C_2012.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="810" /></a><figcaption>2012 Indiana U.S. Senate Republican primary <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#d40000; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Murdock—70–80%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#cc2f4a; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Murdock—60–70%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#e27f90; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Murdock—50–60%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ff9955; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Lugar—50–60%</div> </figcaption></figure> <p>Lugar first ran for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1974 United States Senate elections">1974 election</a> and lost to incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Birch_Bayh" title="Birch Bayh">Birch Bayh</a> 51% to 46%.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1976 United States Senate election in Indiana">Two years later</a>, he ran against Indiana's other U.S. senator, Democratic Senator <a href="/wiki/Vance_Hartke" title="Vance Hartke">Vance Hartke</a>, defeating him 59% to 40%.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, he defeated Democratic U.S. Congressman <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Fithian" title="Floyd Fithian">Floyd Fithian</a> 54% to 46% to win a second term,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and six years later <a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1988 United States Senate election in Indiana">Lugar won reelection to a third term</a>, defeating Democrat Jack Wickes 68% to 32%.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1994 United States Senate election in Indiana">In 1994</a>, Lugar won a fourth term, defeating Democratic former U.S. Congressman <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jontz" title="Jim Jontz">Jim Jontz</a> (67–31%).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became the first U.S. senator from Indiana elected to a fourth term. </p><p>Lugar went on to serve a total of six terms in the Senate, defeating Democrat David Johnson 67% to 32% <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2000 United States Senate election in Indiana">in 2000</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and defeating Libertarian <a href="/wiki/Steve_Osborn" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Osborn">Steve Osborn</a> 87% to 13% <a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2006 United States Senate election in Indiana">in 2006</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in a contest in which the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> did not field a candidate. His was the highest-percentage win of the 2006 Senate elections despite a Democratic takeover of Washington. </p><p> In 2012, <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2012 United States Senate election in Indiana">Lugar ran for reelection to a seventh term</a>. Due to Lugar's unpopularity among some <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party</a> voters because of his positions regarding illegal immigration, voting to confirm then-<a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a> nominees <a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/DREAM_Act" title="DREAM Act">DREAM Act</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_START" title="New START">New START Treaty</a>, some <a href="/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">gun control</a> bills, and <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(politics)" title="Earmark (politics)">congressional earmarks</a>, he was challenged by Tea Party-backed State Treasurer <a href="/wiki/Richard_Mourdock" title="Richard Mourdock">Richard Mourdock</a> in a Republican primary.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wish01_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wish01-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mourdock defeated Lugar, 61% to 39%, and went on to lose the general election to incumbent Democratic Representative <a href="/wiki/Joe_Donnelly" title="Joe Donnelly">Joe Donnelly</a>. Lugar carried only two counties, <a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Indiana" title="Boone County, Indiana">Boone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Indiana" title="Marion County, Indiana">Marion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-C-SPAN_Indiana_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C-SPAN_Indiana-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the first six-term U.S. senator to lose his seat in a primary election since <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_McKellar_(politician)" title="Kenneth McKellar (politician)">Kenneth McKellar</a> in 1952.</p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lugar-Obama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lugar-Obama.jpg/220px-Lugar-Obama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lugar-Obama.jpg/330px-Lugar-Obama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lugar-Obama.jpg/440px-Lugar-Obama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="489" data-file-height="365" /></a><figcaption>Richard Lugar with then-Senator <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> in August 2005 near <a href="/wiki/Perm,_Russia" title="Perm, Russia">Perm</a>, Russia</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1970s">1970s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1970s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Future <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Indiana" title="Governor of Indiana">governor of Indiana</a> <a href="/wiki/Mitch_Daniels" title="Mitch Daniels">Mitch Daniels</a> served as Lugar's chief of staff from 1977 to 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-is1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-is1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">1980 Republican National Convention</a>, Lugar was rumored as a potential vice presidential nominee for presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his first months, Lugar backed legislation prompting the Senate to adopt a stringent code of ethics intended to assist with the restoration of public confidence in Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 30, 1978, the Senate voted to approve granting <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> long term federal loan guarantees of $1.5 billion that the city had cited as essential to its prevention of bankruptcy. The measure was a compromise proposal by Lugar and Wisconsin Senator <a href="/wiki/William_Proxmire" title="William Proxmire">William Proxmire</a>. Later that day, during a news conference, Senator <a href="/wiki/Jacob_K._Javits" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob K. Javits">Jacob K. Javits</a> thanked Lugar and Proxmire.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1980s">1980s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar attended the January 7, 1980, signing ceremony of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Chrysler#1980s" title="History of Chrysler">Chrysler Corporation Loan Guarantee Act of 1979</a> in the Cabinet Room. Lugar addressed President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> during the ceremony by thanking him for signing what Lugar called "very humane and compassionate legislation" that was important for the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early months of the Reagan administration, Lugar supported its program to eliminate all restrictions on planting and marketing of peanuts. An April 30, 1981, vote by members of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Agriculture_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Agriculture Committee">Senate Agriculture Committee</a> continued the restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 11, 1981, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee voted in favor of implementing restrictions on American aid to <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> requiring President Reagan to verify the Salvadorian government was using the funds to implement human rights along with political and economic changes. The measure was opposed by Lugar who voted against the entirety of its conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar was one of four senators on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee to vote against the Senate rejecting the nomination of <a href="/wiki/Ernest_W._Lefever" title="Ernest W. Lefever">Ernest W. Lefever</a> for Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights on June 5, 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 15, 1981, Lugar voted against the recommendation of the disapproval toward the Reagan administration's intent to sell <a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and_control" title="Airborne early warning and control">Awacs</a> radar surveillance planes and other air-combat equipment to <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 2, 1981, Lugar voted in favor<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of an amendment to President Reagan's <a href="/wiki/MX_missiles" class="mw-redirect" title="MX missiles">MX missiles</a> proposal that would divert the silo system by $334 million as well as earmark further research for other methods that would allow giant missiles to be based. The vote was seen as a rebuff of the Reagan administration.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, Lugar cosponsored a housing bill that would provide middle-class purchasers of new homes with mortgage subsidies, which he referred to as "an emergency jobs program" that would provide 700,000 Americans with jobs in the housing and related industries while costing $5 billion over the following five years. The cancellation of an April meeting of the Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee to discuss how far-reaching the bill should be was seen as crippling to its chances of implementation.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 23, 1982, Lugar voted in favor<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of a 5 cent a gallon increase on gasoline taxes across the U.S. imposed to aid the financing of highway repairs and mass transit. The bill passed on the last day of the <a href="/wiki/97th_United_States_Congress" title="97th United States Congress">97th United States Congress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 13, 1983, Lugar voted in favor<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of an authorization to appropriate $130 million toward the development of nerve gas bombs and shells.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar led the February 2, 1984, hearing of <a href="/wiki/William_A._Wilson_(diplomat)" title="William A. Wilson (diplomat)">William A. Wilson</a>, the nominee of President Reagan for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_Holy_See" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to the Holy See">United States Ambassador to the Holy See</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1984, Lugar voted in favor of a constitutional amendment authorizing periods in public school for silent prayer,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and President Reagan's unsuccessful proposal for a constitutional amendment permitting organized school prayer in public schools.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar voted against the May 1984 budget freeze meant to reduce the budget deficit.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">United States Secretary of Transportation</a> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole">Elizabeth Dole</a> announced President Reagan's support for legislation that would force states to raise the minimum drinking age to 21 during a news conference on June 13, 1984. Lugar was in attended the news conference and stated that Dole and himself had convinced President Reagan to change his mind through "the work of groups like MADD (<a href="/wiki/Mothers_Against_Drunk_Driving" title="Mothers Against Drunk Driving">Mothers Against Drunk Driving</a>) and the concern of hundreds of high school organizations called <a href="/wiki/SADD" class="mw-redirect" title="SADD">SADD</a> (Students Against Driving Drunk)". Lugar noted his commitment to working on bipartisan support for the legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same month, Lugar voted in favor of legislation restricting federal highway funds for states that did not raise the minimum age for drinking to 21.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 9, 1986, Lugar held a news conference designed to coincide with the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> visit by Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/George_Shultz" title="George Shultz">George P. Shultz</a>, during which he criticized the Reagan administration for what he perceived as a lack of support for the Philippine government under the rule of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a> <a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> and accused former Philippines President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_E._Marcos" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand E. Marcos">Ferdinand E. Marcos</a> of using his <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> haven as an area to make hundreds of telephone calls to former allies still in Manila for the purpose of making his potential return to power of active speculation.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fiscal year of 1986 included the United States providing 236 million to the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>. President Reagan also sought an additional 100 million for economic aid and 50 million for military aid. During a June 3 panel on the subject of providing aid for Manila, Lugar stated his support for the United States providing another 100 million to the government of President Aquino and called on the chamber to recognize Aquino's government "is threatened not only by a <a href="/wiki/Communist_rebellion_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist rebellion in the Philippines">communist insurgency</a> but also by a possible challenge from the political right".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1986, amid the <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair" title="Iran–Contra affair">Iran–Contra affair</a>, Lugar stated that President Reagan did not understand the law requiring a president to inform Congress in a timely fashion over operations and that Reagan's rhetoric on the third party arm shipments had been confusing. He also stressed that the president had not been damaged in his credibility.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around this time, Lugar conferred with <a href="/wiki/John_Poindexter" title="John Poindexter">John Poindexter</a>, a key figure in the scandal.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/1987_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1987 State of the Union Address">1987 State of the Union Address</a>, Lugar stated that he believed President Reagan had taken responsibility for the Iran–Contra affair by acknowledging that the deal had been unsuccessful.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1986 midterm election featured 22 of the 53 Senate Republicans up for reelection. In late 1984, Lugar predicted that "a number of our people are not going to win in '86" unless there was economic growth.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Republicans lost eight seats that election cycle. Shortly after the midterms, on November 13, it was disclosed that Senator <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Jesse Helms</a> would challenge Lugar for ranking Republican on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Helms telling Lugar in a letter that the challenge would not have occurred had the Republicans maintained a majority in the Senate as "the ranking minority post is a different matter".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 6, 1987, Republican members of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee voted unanimously to retain Lugar as their ranking member. After the results, Lugar stated that he saw his win as a vote of confidence in his leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 1988, the Senate began work on the ratification of the <a href="/wiki/Intermediate-Range_Nuclear_Forces_Treaty" title="Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty">Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that month, Lugar met with German <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Germany)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Germany)">Minister for Foreign Affairs</a> <a href="/wiki/Hans-Dietrich_Genscher" title="Hans-Dietrich Genscher">Hans-Dietrich Genscher</a> to discuss the INF Treaty, Lugar stating afterward that he was confident the treaty would eventually be ratified despite developments in the process.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar believed technical errors existed within the treaty, aligning him with Senate critics of the measure, but differed from them on when they should be improved.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar voted in favor of the treaty in May when it passed overwhelmingly in the Senate on May 27.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar attended the July 11, 1988, White House meeting on the subject of legislation to provide financial relief to farmers affected by the showers in the Midwestern and Southern United States, Lugar during which he indicated that there was willingness on the part of his political party to support the measure.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 11, 1988, President Reagan signed the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Disaster_Assistance_Act_of_1988&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Disaster Assistance Act of 1988 (page does not exist)">Disaster Assistance Act of 1988</a> into law. During the ceremony, President Reagan noted Lugar as one of the members of Congress "who've done so much to make this possible".<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Vice President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> selected Lugar's fellow Indiana senator <a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle</a> for his running mate in the 1988 Presidential election, Lugar spoke with Bush by telephone, and the presidential candidate explained his pick of Quayle: "The Vice President told me he wanted somebody of a distinctly different generation. It was obvious he felt that was more important than some other considerations. I certainly understand that."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a September 28, 1988, news conference, Democratic vice-presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Lloyd Bentsen</a> cited Lugar as one of three "heavyweight" Republican senators who were more qualified for the vice presidential nomination than Quayle.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 12, 1988, Lugar attended Vice President-elect Quayle's first news conference following the election, during which Quayle stated the Bush administration would be seeking his aid along with that of <a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Dan Coats</a> in pushing their agenda through Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1990s">1990s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 1990, Lugar announced that the congressional group President Bush named to observe Nicaragua elections the following month was disbanded following their being denied visas by the Nicaraguan government.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1990, after President Bush nominated James E. Cason to be Assistant Secretary for Natural Resources and Environment, the latter received scrutiny for his record during the Reagan administration.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During a September hearing, Lugar "asked a series of probing questions on the spotted owl",<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and questioned him during a hearing the following month regarding his record at the Interior Department. On October 19, 1990, the Senate Agriculture Committee voted to recommend Cason for Assistant Agriculture Secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>on August 21, 1990, Lugar told reporters that the move to a marketing economy on the part of Vietnam had created the possibility for American investment provided that differences between Washington and Hanoi be resolved.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 2, 1990, Lugar voted in favor of the nomination of <a href="/wiki/David_Souter" title="David Souter">David Souter</a> for Associate Justice on the United States Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1990, amid President Bush's handling of the Persian Gulf crisis, Lugar observed that President Bush should "call back the Congress and get an affirmative vote to authorize our staying power over there so that the world knows that we're going to back up whatever the President is doing."<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 1991, Lugar joined fellow Senators <a href="/wiki/William_Cohen" title="William Cohen">William Cohen</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">John Warner</a> in revealing their dissent with space-based weapons, a central component of the Bush administration's version of the Strategic Defense Initiative, in a letter and speeches. The three offered an alternative that "would defer the deployment of 1,000 missile-destroying rockets in space, while calling for greater levels of ground-based missile defenses".<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 25, 1991, the Senate voted in favor of approving the Bush administration-backed package to transfer $500 million of the Pentagon budget to assist with dismantling Soviet nuclear weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In support of the measure, Lugar said, "We can either seize the opportunity for cooperative efforts in this field now or witness a quantum leap in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in the next few years."<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 1992 election cycle, Lugar stated President Bush needed to signal that his reelection campaign was "a new campaign with a new game plan and a new vigor" and the best results would be formed through a message on "growth and jobs".<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 1993, after Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Warren_Christopher" title="Warren Christopher">Warren Christopher</a> declared that the United States would only use military power in seeking a settlement as it pertained to Bosnia, Lugar's spokesman stated that during a telephone conversation between Christopher and Lugar, the secretary of state said "that the United States could contribute as many as 5,000 to 10,000 American troops to a 40,000-member NATO force that would go to Bosnia under United Nations auspices after a new peace accord is concluded".<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar attended the April 28, 1993, meeting between President Clinton and lawmakers over American involvement in Bosnia. Following its conclusion, Lugar stated the president's views: "He had a positive feeling towards lifting the embargo—that justice has to be served in that respect. But the President was much less certain about heading down the trail of air strikes."<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Weeks later, on May 11, Lugar met with President Clinton on the subject of Bosnia, Lugar stating afterward that President Clinton had developed "a plan that he has been pushing steadily" and was in favor of containing the Bosnia disaster.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar was of the view that the United States wanted a full partnership with Europeans that could only arise from "recognition on their side that our men and women in the armed forces are taking risks right now".<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 20, 1993, Lugar voted in favor of the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trade agreement linked the United States, Canada, and Mexico into a single free trade zone, and was signed into law on December 8 by President Clinton.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1994, President Clinton announced the nomination of <a href="/wiki/Dan_Glickman" title="Dan Glickman">Dan Glickman</a> for Secretary of Agriculture.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the ceremony, Glickman stated that agriculture should not be immune to change and cited Lugar as an official "asking good questions about the next farm bill".<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During a March 1995 Senate hearing, Lugar indicated his distaste with Glickman not supporting the latest accord under the <a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a> the previous November. Lugar afterward spoke positively of Glickman.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 3, 1997, Lugar stated his support for convening a hearing for <a href="/wiki/Bill_Weld" title="Bill Weld">William Weld</a> for <a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Mexico" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Mexico">United States Ambassador to Mexico</a> and overlook Senator <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Jesse Helms</a>, noting that a Senate chairman "cannot be dictatorial, ultimately, when a majority of the committee, a majority of the Senate, a majority of the American people, want action".<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 12, 1999, Lugar voted in favor of both articles of impeachment against President Clinton,<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> calling his relationship with White House intern <a href="/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky">Monica Lewinsky</a> "shameless, reckless and indefensible",<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and criticizing him for creating a negative environment. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote" style="font-size: 100%;"><p>"Simply to be near him in the White House has meant not only tragic heartache for his wife and his daughter but enormous legal bills for staff members and friends who admired him and yearned for his success but who have been caught up in his incessant 'war room' strategies to maintain him in office."<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In October 1999, Lugar voted against the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Nuclear-Test-Ban_Treaty" title="Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty">Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty</a>. The treaty was designed to ban underground nuclear testing and was the first major international security pact to be defeated in the Senate since the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2000–2008"><span id="2000.E2.80.932008"></span>2000–2008</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2000–2008"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> During the August recess of 2005, Lugar and then-freshman Senator <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> of neighboring <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> visited <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, Azerbaijan, and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> to inspect nuclear facilities there.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was detained for three hours at an airport in the city of <a href="/wiki/Perm,_Russia" title="Perm, Russia">Perm</a>, near the <a href="/wiki/Ural_Mountains" title="Ural Mountains">Ural Mountains</a>, where they were scheduled to depart for a meeting with the President and the Speaker of the House of Ukraine. He was released after a brief dialogue between U.S. and Russian officials and the Russians later apologized for the incident. In January 2007, President Bush signed into law the Lugar–Obama Proliferation and Threat Reduction Initiative, which furthered Lugar's work with Senator Sam Nunn in deactivating weapons in the former Soviet Union. The Lugar–Obama program focuses on terrorists and their use of multiple types of weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-IBJ_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBJ-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2006, <i>Time</i> magazine selected Lugar as one of America's 10 Best Senators.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sen._Lugar_Grapes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sen._Lugar_Grapes.jpg/250px-Sen._Lugar_Grapes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sen._Lugar_Grapes.jpg/330px-Sen._Lugar_Grapes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sen._Lugar_Grapes.jpg/500px-Sen._Lugar_Grapes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3089" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Senator Lugar tours an agricultural research facility.</figcaption></figure><p>Although Lugar's party was then in the minority in the Senate, he had good relationships with President Obama and Vice President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>. Lugar was named an honorary co-chairman of their inauguration.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the day of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_debates,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential debates, 2008">final 2008 presidential debate</a>, Lugar gave a speech at the <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_University_(Washington,_D.C.)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)">National Defense University</a> praising Obama's foreign policy approach and warning against the isolationist, reactive policies espoused by <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that debate, Obama also listed Lugar as among the individuals "who have shaped my ideas and who will be surrounding me in the White House".<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were rumors that either Obama or McCain would select Lugar to be <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a>, but that he preferred to keep his Senate seat.<sup id="cite_ref-IBJ_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBJ-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Obama_administration">Obama administration</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Obama administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 13, 2009, Lugar participated in the confirmation hearing for Secretary of State nominee <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, raising questions on the potential conflict of interest between her husband Bill's charitable activities and her new position.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar offered praise to Clinton as "the epitome of a big leaguer".<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar's spokesman Andy Fisher said that before the hearing, Lugar offered Clinton's staff four ways in which to increase the transparency of former President Clinton's fundraising.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 18, 2009, Lugar cast his 12,000th Senate vote, putting him in 13th place for most votes. During his 32 years as a Senator, he had a 98% attendance record.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Committee assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Committee on Foreign Relations</a></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1996_presidential_campaign">1996 presidential campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1996 presidential campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Republican Party presidential primaries">1996 Republican Party presidential primaries</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ss18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Ss18.jpg/220px-Ss18.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Ss18.jpg/330px-Ss18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Ss18.jpg/440px-Ss18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="356" /></a><figcaption>Richard Lugar inspects an SS-18 ICBM being prepared for destruction under the Nunn–Lugar cooperative threat reduction program.</figcaption></figure><p>Lugar ran for the Republican nomination for President <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">in 1996</a>. He declared his candidacy on April 19, 1995, in Indianapolis. However, the announcement was largely overshadowed by the <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City_bombing" title="Oklahoma City bombing">Oklahoma City bombing</a>, an event that was the largest act of domestic terrorism on U.S. soil up to that time. The primaries and caucuses began in January 1996. He ran on a campaign slogan of "nuclear security and fiscal sanity", but his campaign failed to gain traction.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He came in 7th in the <a href="/wiki/1996_Iowa_Republican_caucuses" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Iowa Republican caucuses">Iowa caucuses</a> on February 12 with 4%, and 4th in the <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_primary#Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="New Hampshire primary">New Hampshire primary</a> on February 20 with 5%. In the Delaware primary on February 24 he also won 5%, and in the Arizona and North Dakota primaries on February 27 he came in last with 1%. He was on the ballot in seven of the nine contests on <a href="/wiki/Super_Tuesday" title="Super Tuesday">Super Tuesday</a> on March 5, winning 1% in Colorado, Connecticut, and Maryland, 2% in Massachusetts, 3% in Maine and Rhode Island and 14% in Vermont, which was the best result he managed, though he still only came in 4th. He quit the race the next day, March 6. Lugar's fellow senator, and eventual Republican nominee, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a>, had won all nine contests and Lugar endorsed him.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lugar1996.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Lugar1996.gif/250px-Lugar1996.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Lugar1996.gif/330px-Lugar1996.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Lugar1996.gif 2x" data-file-width="385" data-file-height="104" /></a><figcaption>Lugar's presidential campaign logo</figcaption></figure><p>He remained on the ballot in a number of states, winning 2% of the vote in Florida, then 1% each in Oregon, Illinois, Ohio, and California, 5% in Pennsylvania and 1% in North Carolina and West Virginia. He finished sixth overall, with 127,111 votes, or 0.83%, and failed to win any contests or delegates. Due to an unfavorable political climate that penalized bipartisan outcomes, <a href="/wiki/David_Corn" title="David Corn">David Corn</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones_(magazine)" title="Mother Jones (magazine)">Mother Jones</a></i> called his presidential campaign "ludicrous".<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-Senate_career">Post-Senate career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Post-Senate career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On February 15, 2018, Lugar made a joint appearance with <a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">Lee H. Hamilton</a> at <a href="/wiki/DePauw_University" title="DePauw University">DePauw University</a> for the program "Can We Talk?: Restoring Civility in Public and Political Discourse in the U.S. and Abroad".<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Lugar_Center">The Lugar Center</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: The Lugar Center"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Susan_Collins_Lugar_Center_Event.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Susan_Collins_Lugar_Center_Event.jpg/250px-Susan_Collins_Lugar_Center_Event.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Susan_Collins_Lugar_Center_Event.jpg/330px-Susan_Collins_Lugar_Center_Event.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Susan_Collins_Lugar_Center_Event.jpg/500px-Susan_Collins_Lugar_Center_Event.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Sen. <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Susan Collins</a> at an event facilitated by The Lugar Center</figcaption></figure> <p>Following his service in the Senate, Lugar established The Lugar Center, a nonprofit public policy institution located in Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the leadership of Lugar, the Lugar Center seeks to become a prominent voice in many of the global issues that defined the Senator's work in Congress. There are four "focus areas": Global Food Security, WMD Nonproliferation, Foreign Aid Effectiveness, and Bipartisan Governance. Since its inception in January 2013, the Lugar Center has served as a source of education and awareness on these pertinent issues. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lugar_Center_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Lugar_Center_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="177" height="84" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="177" data-file-height="84" /></a><figcaption>Logo of The Lugar Center</figcaption></figure> <p>The Center's initiatives include the following: working in conjunction with the <a href="/wiki/McCourt_School_of_Public_Policy" title="McCourt School of Public Policy">McCourt School of Public Policy</a> at <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a> to establish the Bipartisan Index,<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> partnering with the Arms Control Association to establish the Bipartisan Nuclear and WMD Policy Dialogue Project, and compiling a comprehensive selection of bibliographical resources for researchers and policymakers interested in global food security. In addition, the Lugar Diplomacy Series brings together American policy- and opinion-makers and the Washington diplomatic community. Guests have included <a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Petraeus" title="David Petraeus">David Petraeus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Graham_Buffett" title="Howard Graham Buffett">Howard Buffett</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition, the Lugar Center was awarded a grant by the Delegation of the European Union to conduct policy research regarding transatlantic cooperation. The grant permitted the Center to partner with the <a href="/wiki/German_Marshall_Fund_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="German Marshall Fund of the United States">German Marshall Fund of the United States</a> to work on bolstering trans-Atlantic energy security and economic cooperation, particularly in relation to the <a href="/wiki/Trans-Atlantic_Trade_and_Investment_Partnership" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership">Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Political positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abortion">Abortion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Abortion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar's 2007 rating from <a href="/wiki/NARAL" class="mw-redirect" title="NARAL">NARAL</a> was 40%.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His 2007–2008 rating from the <a href="/wiki/National_Right_to_Life_Committee" title="National Right to Life Committee">National Right to Life Committee</a> was 85%.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agricultural_reform">Agricultural reform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Agricultural reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Agriculture Committee</a>, Lugar built bipartisan support for 1996 federal <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_policy" title="Agricultural policy">farm program</a> reforms, ending 1930s-era federal production controls. He worked to initiate a <a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">biofuels</a> research program to help increase U.S. utilization of ethanol and combustion fuels, and led initiatives to streamline the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>, reform the <a href="/wiki/Supplemental_Nutrition_Assistance_Program" title="Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program">food stamp</a> program, and preserve the federal <a href="/wiki/School_lunch" class="mw-redirect" title="School lunch">school lunch</a> program. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LugarBipartisanIndex.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/LugarBipartisanIndex.jpg/250px-LugarBipartisanIndex.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/LugarBipartisanIndex.jpg/330px-LugarBipartisanIndex.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/LugarBipartisanIndex.jpg/500px-LugarBipartisanIndex.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1554" /></a><figcaption>A sample from the Lugar Bipartisan Index, compiled by the Lugar Center</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bipartisan_governance">Bipartisan governance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bipartisan governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although Republican, Lugar often worked across the aisle, working alongside Democrats on many initiatives. For this reason, he commonly broke with traditional Republican lines, especially on non-domestic issues. Lugar's most well-known piece of legislation, the Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Agreement, was co-sponsored with <a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a>, a Democratic Senator from Georgia. Lugar's bipartisan efforts earned him 24th place of 227 Senators' lifetime scores from 1993 to 2014 according to the Lugar Bipartisan Index, with a score of .668.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar continued to support bipartisan solutions and initiatives as one of the policy focus areas of The Lugar Center.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate_change">Climate change</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Climate change"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar was a firm believer in pragmatic, scientific solutions to <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a> issues. In 2006, he co-sponsored Senate Resolution 312 with then-Senator <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>, which encouraged American participation in international negotiations regarding mitigation agreements.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until his death, he continued to support multilateral initiatives for the deployment of innovative clean technology around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuba">Cuba</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Cuba"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Lugar_and_Ashley_Judd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Richard_Lugar_and_Ashley_Judd.jpg/220px-Richard_Lugar_and_Ashley_Judd.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Richard_Lugar_and_Ashley_Judd.jpg/330px-Richard_Lugar_and_Ashley_Judd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Richard_Lugar_and_Ashley_Judd.jpg/440px-Richard_Lugar_and_Ashley_Judd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Richard Lugar meeting with actress <a href="/wiki/Ashley_Judd" title="Ashley Judd">Ashley Judd</a> in 2005</figcaption></figure><p> Lugar described U.S. sanctions on <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> as a failed policy and wrote to President Obama that "additional measures are needed...to recast a policy that has not only failed to promote <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> and democracy, but also undermines our broader security and political interests".<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He supported the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_to_Travel_to_Cuba_Act" title="Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act">Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act</a> (S.428), which would lift the restrictions on U.S. citizens visiting Cuba in place since the early 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economy">Economy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar took a <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">conservative</a> approach to economics. He voted for the <a href="/wiki/Economic_Growth_and_Tax_Relief_Reconciliation_Act_of_2001" title="Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001">Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He voted against the <a href="/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act_of_2009" title="American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gun_control">Gun control</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Gun control"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar was a supporter of <a href="/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">gun control</a> and backed a number of gun legislations and weapons bans. He had an F rating from the <a href="/wiki/Political_Victory_Fund" title="Political Victory Fund">NRA Political Victory Fund</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had an F rating from Gun Owners of America and a 53% positive rating from the Brady Campaign to Prevent Handgun Violence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care_reform">Health care reform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Health care reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar opposed President Barack Obama's health reform legislation, voted against the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act</a> in December 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and voted against the <a href="/wiki/Health_Care_and_Education_Reconciliation_Act_of_2010" title="Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010">Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Immigration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar had a generally <a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">liberal</a> stance on immigration, supporting the <a href="/wiki/DREAM_Act" title="DREAM Act">DREAM Act</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama">Obama administration</a> and the McCain–Kennedy Comprehensive Immigration Reform bill under the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">Bush administration</a>, both of which died in Congress. Both were described by critics as "amnesty". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq_War">Iraq War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Iraq War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RGL_and_RR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/RGL_and_RR.jpg/250px-RGL_and_RR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/RGL_and_RR.jpg/330px-RGL_and_RR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/RGL_and_RR.jpg/440px-RGL_and_RR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Richard Lugar and then-President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>, July 1981</figcaption></figure> <p>On June 25, 2007, Lugar, who had been "a reliable vote for President Bush on the war", said that "Bush's Iraq strategy [is] not working and... the United States should downsize the military's role".<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar's blunt assessment has been viewed as significant because it showed the growing impatience and dissatisfaction with President Bush's strategy in Iraq. After Lugar finished his remarks, Senate Majority Whip <a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Richard Durbin</a> (D-IL), a sharp critic of the war, praised Lugar's "thoughtful, sincere and honest" speech, which Durbin said was in the "finest tradition of the U.S. Senate".<sup id="cite_ref-cnniraq_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnniraq-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Durbin urged his Senate colleagues to take a copy of Lugar's speech home over the Fourth of July break and study it before returning to work.<sup id="cite_ref-cnniraq_131-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnniraq-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senate Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Harry Reid</a> said, in reaction to Lugar's speech: "When this war comes to an end, and it will come to an end, and the history books are written, and they will be written, I believe that Sen. Lugar's words yesterday could be remembered as a turning point in this intractable civil war in Iraq."<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two days later, on June 27, 2007, Lugar said that Congressional measures aimed at curtailing U.S. military involvement in Iraq – including "so-called timetables, benchmarks" – have "no particular legal consequence", are "very partisan", and "will not work".<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial_nominees">Judicial nominees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Judicial nominees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar believed that judicial confirmation decisions should not be purely partisan. His view was if an appointee is properly qualified for the position, that the Senate should show deference to the president and confirm their nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar introduced President George W. Bush's nominee for chief justice, John Roberts, to the Senate at the beginning of Roberts's confirmation process and was instrumental in securing votes to confirm Roberts to the Supreme Court. Lugar was among the few Republican Senators to support President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s first <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> nominee <a href="/wiki/United_States_Circuit_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Circuit Court of Appeals">United States Circuit Court of Appeals</a>, Judge <a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also voted in favor of his second Supreme Court nominee, <a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States" title="Solicitor General of the United States">Solicitor General</a> <a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar was one of only nine senators to vote against Bill Clinton's nomination of <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> to the Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-breyer_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-breyer-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar was the first United States Senator to declare their opposition to Breyer's nomination, citing, "substantial doubts about his prudence and good judgement."<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the only one of the thirteen Supreme Court confirmation votes which took place during Lugar's tenure in which he cast a vote against the nomination. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_issues">LGBT issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: LGBT issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar held a socially conservative approach on LGBT issues. He voted for the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Marriage_Amendment" title="Federal Marriage Amendment">Federal Marriage Amendment</a>, limiting the definition of marriage to one man and one woman.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he has also voted in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Shepard_and_James_Byrd,_Jr._Hate_Crimes_Prevention_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act">Matthew Shepard Act</a>, which expanded the federal hate crime statutes to include sexual orientation and gender identity.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2010, Lugar voted against repeal of the <a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Ask,_Don%27t_Tell" class="mw-redirect" title="Don't Ask, Don't Tell">Don't Ask, Don't Tell</a> policy—which prevented gays and lesbians from serving openly in the armed forces.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Senator <a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Joe Lieberman</a> of <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> announced on November 18, 2010, that Lugar promised to vote to repeal the policy the next time it comes up for a vote,<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar voted against <a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Ask,_Don%27t_Tell_Repeal_Act_of_2010" title="Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010">DADT repeal</a> in both the cloture<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and final votes on December 18, 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_East">Middle East</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Middle East"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a television interview on September 11, 1983, amid President Reagan not defining the penalties for American casualties in the Middle East, Lugar stated the US position in Lebanon was "clearly defensive", but concurred that issue was debatable.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 6, 1986, Lugar was among 22 senators to vote in favor of the Reagan administration-backed proposed arms sale to Saudi Arabia, warning other senators prior to voting that they "were taking a headlong plunge in opposition to the President of the United States".<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar and fellow Senator <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a>, both of whom supported the arms sale proposal, stated that President Reagan would be crippled in his role in the Middle East peace settlement in the event that he was unable to deliver a reduced arms package to the moderate Arab state.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 7, 2012, Lugar called for the United States and Russia to work in collaboration to eliminate the stockpile of chemical weapons in Syria during an interview. He noted that the proposal had been turned down by Russian officials, who noted Syria had not previously supported the <a href="/wiki/Chemical_Weapons_Convention" title="Chemical Weapons Convention">Chemical Weapons Convention</a>, and that other countries saw the stockpile of Syrian weapons as "influencing very adversely the potential for peace and stability in the Middle East".<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nuclear_stockpile">Nuclear stockpile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Nuclear stockpile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nunnandlugar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Nunnandlugar.jpg/250px-Nunnandlugar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Nunnandlugar.jpg/330px-Nunnandlugar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Nunnandlugar.jpg/440px-Nunnandlugar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="411" /></a><figcaption>Senators <a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a> and Lugar leaving the White House in 1991 after briefing President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Nunn%E2%80%93Lugar_Cooperative_Threat_Reduction" title="Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction">Nunn–Lugar legislation</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Lugar was influential in gaining Senate <a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">ratification</a> of <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaties</a> to reduce the world's use, production and stockpiling of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_warfare" title="Chemical warfare">chemical</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Biological_warfare" title="Biological warfare">biological</a> weapons, and spearheaded many bipartisan nonproliferation initiatives. In 1991 he initiated a partnership with then-<a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate Committee on Armed Services">Senate Armed Services Committee</a> Chairman <a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a> aiming to eliminate latent <a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_mass_destruction" class="mw-redirect" title="Weapons of mass destruction">weapons of mass destruction</a> in the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-honor_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-honor-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To date<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (April 2019)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup>, the <a href="/wiki/Nunn%E2%80%93Lugar_Cooperative_Threat_Reduction" title="Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction">Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction</a> program has deactivated more than 7,500 nuclear <a href="/wiki/Warhead" title="Warhead">warheads</a>. In 2004, Lugar and Nunn were jointly awarded the <a href="/wiki/Heinz_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinz Award">Heinz Awards</a> Chairman's Medal for their efforts.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was an integral figure in the passing of the <a href="/wiki/New_START" title="New START">New START Treaty</a> (which passed 71–26).<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pakistan">Pakistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Pakistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2008, Lugar and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>, his partner in the Committee on Foreign Relations, received the <a href="/wiki/Hilal-i-Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilal-i-Pakistan">Hilal-i-Pakistan</a> (Crescent of Pakistan) Award from the government of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> for their continued support of the country. In July 2008 Lugar and Biden introduced a plan that would give $1.5 billion in aid per year to support economic development in Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_international_policy_achievements">Other international policy achievements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Other international policy achievements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Senator Lugar supported <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>'s fight against <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South African</a> <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a>. When President Reagan vetoed economic sanctions against South African leaders as a punitive measure for apartheid, Lugar turned against his own party and led the charge to overrule the veto successfully with bipartisan support. As Chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he declared on the Senate floor, "We are against tyranny, and there is tyranny in South Africa."<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar was also instrumental to the fall of the dictatorial Marcos regime in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> and overseeing the 1985 presidential election there, urging intervention from the Reagan administration.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition, Lugar coauthored the Cardin–Lugar Amendment to the <a href="/wiki/Dodd%E2%80%93Frank_Wall_Street_Reform_and_Consumer_Protection_Act" title="Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act">Dodd–Frank Act</a>, which required all U.S.-listed oil and mining companies to report their payments to governments. Nearly identical pro-transparency measures, aimed at curbing natural resource-related corruption in the developing world, were subsequently adopted by the European Union and Canada, making <a href="/wiki/Extractivism" title="Extractivism">extractive industry</a> payment disclosure a global standard.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Views_on_Trump_administration">Views on Trump administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Views on Trump administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a November 2017 interview, Lugar stated that President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> had not "demonstrated civility in his leadership" and that his usage of <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> and "other bombastic avenues" were not solving issues.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Richard_Lugar" title="Electoral history of Richard Lugar">Electoral history of Richard Lugar</a></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/1967_Indianapolis_mayoral_election" title="1967 Indianapolis mayoral election">Indianapolis mayoral election, 1967</a><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_of_Indianapolis_158-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_of_Indianapolis-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Richard Lugar </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>72,278 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>53.3 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_J._Barton" title="John J. Barton">John J. Barton</a> (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right">63,284 </td> <td style="text-align:right">46.7 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/1971_Indianapolis_mayoral_election" title="1971 Indianapolis mayoral election">Indianapolis mayoral election, 1971</a><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_of_Indianapolis_158-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_of_Indianapolis-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Richard Lugar </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>155,164 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>60.5 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Neff_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Neff (politician) (page does not exist)">John Neff</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">101,367 </td> <td style="text-align:right">39.5 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption>U.S. Senator of Indiana (Class 3), 1974 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/Birch_Bayh" title="Birch Bayh">Birch Bayh</a> (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>889,269 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>50.7 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Richard Lugar </td> <td style="text-align:right">814,117 </td> <td style="text-align:right">46.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#CC66FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/American_Party_(1969)" title="American Party (1969)">American</a> </td> <td class="fn">Don L Lee </td> <td style="text-align:right">49,592 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.8 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption>U.S. Senator of Indiana (Class 1), 1976 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Richard Lugar </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>1,273,833 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>59.0 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Vance_Hartke" title="Vance Hartke">Vance Hartke</a> (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right">868,522 </td> <td style="text-align:right">40.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Don L Lee </td> <td style="text-align:right">14,321 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#800000;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/U.S._Labor_Party" title="U.S. Labor Party">U.S. Labor</a> </td> <td class="fn">David Lee Hoagland </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,511 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.1 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption>U.S. Senator of Indiana (Class 1), 1982 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Richard Lugar (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>978,301 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>53.8 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Fithian" title="Floyd Fithian">Floyd Fithian</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">828,400 </td> <td style="text-align:right">45.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#CC66FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/American_Party_(1969)" title="American Party (1969)">American</a> </td> <td class="fn">Raymond James </td> <td style="text-align:right">10,586 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.6 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption>U.S. Senator of Indiana (Class 1), 1988 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Richard Lugar (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>1,430,525 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>68.1 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Jack Wickes </td> <td style="text-align:right">668,778 </td> <td style="text-align:right">31.9 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana,_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Indiana, 1994">U.S. Senator of Indiana (Class 1), 1994</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Richard Lugar (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>1,039,625 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>67.4 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jontz" title="Jim Jontz">Jim Jontz</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">470,799 </td> <td style="text-align:right">30.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Barbara Bourland </td> <td style="text-align:right">17,343 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FF00FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party" title="New Alliance Party">New Alliance</a> </td> <td class="fn">Mary Catherine Barton </td> <td style="text-align:right">15,801 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana,_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Indiana, 2000">U.S. Senator of Indiana (Class 1), 2000</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Richard Lugar (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>1,427,944 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>66.6 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">David L. Johnson </td> <td style="text-align:right">683,273 </td> <td style="text-align:right">31.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Paul Hager </td> <td style="text-align:right">33,992 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.6 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana,_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Indiana, 2006">U.S. Senator of Indiana (Class 1), 2006</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Richard Lugar (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>1,171,553 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>87.4 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Steve Osborn </td> <td style="text-align:right">168,820 </td> <td style="text-align:right">12.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Mark Pool (write in) </td> <td style="text-align:right">444 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">John H. Baldwin (write in) </td> <td style="text-align:right">294 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; ; font-size:95%"> <caption>Republican US Senate Primary, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mourdock" title="Richard Mourdock">Richard Mourdock</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>400,321 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>60.5 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Richard Lugar (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right">261,285 </td> <td style="text-align:right">39.5 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indiana_Sen._Richard_Lugar,_left,_Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_E._Panetta,_center,_and_former_Georgia_Sen._Sam_Nunn_121203-D-BW835-497.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Indiana_Sen._Richard_Lugar%2C_left%2C_Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_E._Panetta%2C_center%2C_and_former_Georgia_Sen._Sam_Nunn_121203-D-BW835-497.jpg/220px-Indiana_Sen._Richard_Lugar%2C_left%2C_Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_E._Panetta%2C_center%2C_and_former_Georgia_Sen._Sam_Nunn_121203-D-BW835-497.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Indiana_Sen._Richard_Lugar%2C_left%2C_Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_E._Panetta%2C_center%2C_and_former_Georgia_Sen._Sam_Nunn_121203-D-BW835-497.jpg/330px-Indiana_Sen._Richard_Lugar%2C_left%2C_Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_E._Panetta%2C_center%2C_and_former_Georgia_Sen._Sam_Nunn_121203-D-BW835-497.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Indiana_Sen._Richard_Lugar%2C_left%2C_Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_E._Panetta%2C_center%2C_and_former_Georgia_Sen._Sam_Nunn_121203-D-BW835-497.jpg/440px-Indiana_Sen._Richard_Lugar%2C_left%2C_Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_E._Panetta%2C_center%2C_and_former_Georgia_Sen._Sam_Nunn_121203-D-BW835-497.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3695" data-file-height="2458" /></a><figcaption>Lugar, left, Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Leon_Panetta" title="Leon Panetta">Leon E. Panetta</a>, center, and former Georgia Sen. <a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a> receive recognition for their bipartisan work regarding nuclear nonproliferation, December 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>Lugar received numerous awards, including Guardian of Small Business, the Spirit of Enterprise, Watchdog of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">Treasury</a>, and 46 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">honorary doctorate degrees</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1970, he received the Golden Plate Award of the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Achievement" title="Academy of Achievement">American Academy of Achievement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2001, Lugar received the Democracy Service Medal of the <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_Democracy" title="National Endowment for Democracy">National Endowment for Democracy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, Lugar received the <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_Presidential_Site" title="Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site">Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site</a> Advancing American Democracy Award. In June 2012, he was conferred with the Grand Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Lakandula" title="Order of Lakandula">Order of Lakandula</a> by President <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno S. Aquino III</a> for his contributions to the enhancement of the Philippine-US alliance and friendship<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as Poland's <a href="/wiki/Knight_of_Freedom_Award" title="Knight of Freedom Award">Knight of Freedom Award</a> for his actions and support of the Polish accession process to <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> structures.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 8, 2013, President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> named Lugar as a recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ponp_165-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ponp-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The award ceremony was held <a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> of that year, the 50th anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Assassination of John F. Kennedy">assassination of John F. Kennedy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-oapm_166-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oapm-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The citation in the press release read as follows: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote" style="font-size: 100%;"><p>"Richard Lugar represented Indiana in the United States Senate for more than 30 years. An internationally respected statesman, he is best known for his bipartisan leadership and decades-long commitment to reducing the threat of nuclear weapons. Prior to serving in Congress, Lugar was a Rhodes Scholar and Mayor of Indianapolis from 1968 to 1975. He currently serves as President of the Lugar Center."<sup id="cite_ref-ponp_165-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ponp-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Lugar was knighted as a Knight Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Order of the British Empire</a> (KBE) for his efforts to reduce Weapons of Mass Destruction and supporting NATO.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany">Grand Cross of the Order of Merit</a>, from Germany, in 2013, for his work on fostering transatlantic cooperation.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, Lugar received the Golden Laurel Branch award, the highest honor given by the Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Lugar was recognized for his contributions to Bulgaria's accession to NATO.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2016, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine" title="President of Ukraine">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> awarded Richard Lugar with the highest award for foreigners — <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Liberty_(Ukraine)" title="Order of Liberty (Ukraine)">Order of Liberty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2016 he was awarded the 2016 <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Program#J._William_Fulbright_Prize_for_International_Understanding" title="Fulbright Program">J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, Lugar was presented the Lifetime Contributions to American Diplomacy Award by the <a href="/wiki/American_Foreign_Service_Association" title="American Foreign Service Association">American Foreign Service Association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_outside_activities">Other outside activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Other outside activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar was a member the Indiana Society of the <a href="/wiki/Sons_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Sons of the American Revolution">Sons of the American Revolution</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as a member of the Society of Indiana Pioneers, based on his descent from very early settlers in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He joined the Rotary Club of Indianapolis in 1957 and spoke at the club annually during his time in the U.S. Senate. He remained an active Rotarian.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 16, 2013, Lugar was named the Rotarian of the Century.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served on the board of directors of the <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_Democracy" title="National Endowment for Democracy">National Endowment for Democracy</a> from 1992 to 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar was a member of the board of the <a href="/wiki/International_Foundation_for_Electoral_Systems" title="International Foundation for Electoral Systems">International Foundation for Electoral Systems</a>, an organization involved in international elections.<sup id="cite_ref-ifesboard_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ifesboard-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a member of the board of the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Threat_Initiative" title="Nuclear Threat Initiative">Nuclear Threat Initiative</a> (NTI).<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lugar was on the Board of Selectors of the <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Awards_for_Public_Service" title="Jefferson Awards for Public Service">Jefferson Awards for Public Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Richard_G._Lugar_Center_for_Public_Health_Research">Richard G. Lugar Center for Public Health Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Richard G. Lugar Center for Public Health Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A biological research facility in <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, is named after Lugar in honor of his efforts to reduce <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapon" title="Chemical weapon">chemical</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Biological_agent" title="Biological agent">biological weapons</a> around the world. The <a href="/wiki/Lugar_Research_Center" title="Lugar Research Center">Richard G. Lugar Center for Public Health Research</a> is a biological research facility funded by the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Defense_Threat_Reduction_Agency" title="Defense Threat Reduction Agency">Defense Threat Reduction Agency</a> (DTRA)<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to contain and house dangerous pathogens and support international research efforts. It and other upgraded bio-threat reduction facilities in the region are designed to stop diseases like <a href="/wiki/Plague_(disease)" title="Plague (disease)">plague</a> and <a href="/wiki/African_swine_fever_virus" title="African swine fever virus">African swine fever</a> from spreading globally.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar, utilizing the Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Program (CTR) which helped <a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states">former Soviet Union</a> states dismantle <a href="/wiki/Weapon_of_mass_destruction" title="Weapon of mass destruction">weapons of mass destruction</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, worked with the country of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> on biosafety, biosecurity and biosurveillance efforts through CTR's Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (CBEP). The main goal was to improve the biosafety, biosecurity, disease surveillance, and establish the Central Public Health Reference Laboratory.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, Georgian authorities renamed the facility the Richard G. Lugar Center for Public Health Research; it belongs to and is run by the Georgian <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Disease_Control_and_Public_Health_(Georgia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Center for Disease Control and Public Health (Georgia)">National Center for Disease Control and Public Health</a> (NCDC). In 2014, then-U.S. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Georgia">Ambassador to Georgia</a> at the time, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Norland" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Norland">Richard Norland</a>, signed an agreement with then-<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Georgia" title="Prime Minister of Georgia">Georgian Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Irakli_Garibashvili" title="Irakli Garibashvili">Irakli Garibashvili</a> to transfer custody of the Center to the NCDC during the 2014 World Congress on Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Science & Consequence Management. At the invitation of the Georgian government, a contingent of U.S. scientists from the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a> (CDC) Global Disease Detection Program, and the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed_Army_Institute_of_Research" title="Walter Reed Army Institute of Research">Walter Reed Army Institute of Research</a> are co-located in the facility. They work collaboratively alongside their Georgian counterparts.<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugar married Charlene Smeltzer on September 8, 1956. The couple had four sons.<sup id="cite_ref-LugarBiography_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LugarBiography-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar died in <a href="/wiki/Falls_Church,_Virginia" title="Falls Church, Virginia">Falls Church, Virginia</a>, on April 28, 2019, shortly after his 87th birthday, from complications of <a href="/wiki/Chronic_inflammatory_demyelinating_polyneuropathy" title="Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy">chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was buried in <a href="/wiki/Arlington_National_Cemetery" title="Arlington National Cemetery">Arlington National Cemetery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>John T. Shaw assessed the <a href="/wiki/Nunn%E2%80%93Lugar_Cooperative_Threat_Reduction" title="Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction">Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction</a> as Lugar's landmark legislative accomplishment.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The initiative would later be considered "one of the most prescient pieces of legislation ever passed, and the most important nonproliferation program ever".<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2000, Eric Schmitt described Lugar as "a four-term senator, former presidential candidate and perhaps the most popular politician in Indiana history".<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following Lugar's 2012 Senate loss, Peter Rusthoven stated, "Historically, this is not just one of the great senators now. This is one of the great senators in United States history. He is like a <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster" title="Daniel Webster">Daniel Webster</a>, he is like a <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a>—names that I fear too many of our kids in grade school and high school don't even know anymore."<sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lugar's defeat in the 2012 Senate Republican primary was written of as a sign of the national GOP base's escalation into strict support for the traditional views aligned with the right.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Danforth" title="John Danforth">John Danforth</a> said the loss told him "that there is an attempt by a lot of people to purge the Republican Party and to kick out of it people who do not hue a very strict party line".<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geoffrey Kabaservice cast doubts on this view: "It may be that his bipartisanship and comparative moderation contributed to his loss, or his defeat may simply have reflected the political truism that young blood drives out the old. What's certain is that the Senate will miss his qualities, and in time so may we all."<sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 18, 2019, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_V._Spencer" title="Richard V. Spencer">Richard V. Spencer</a> announced that the <a href="/wiki/Arleigh_Burke-class_destroyer" title="Arleigh Burke-class destroyer"><i>Arleigh Burke</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Guided_missile_destroyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Guided missile destroyer">guided missile destroyer</a> <i><a href="/wiki/USS_Richard_G._Lugar" title="USS Richard G. Lugar">USS Richard G. Lugar</a></i> (DDG-136) would be named in the late senator's honor.<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Indianapolis, the plaza in front of the <a href="/wiki/City-County_Building_(Indianapolis)" title="City-County Building (Indianapolis)">City-County Building</a> is named Lugar Plaza and contains a <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Richard_Lugar" title="Statue of Richard Lugar">statue of Lugar</a> by Ryan Feeney.<sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A public housing apartment building in the city is also named in his honor.<sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the campus of <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_in_Bloomington" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiana University in Bloomington">Indiana University in Bloomington</a>, the School of Global & International Studies was renamed to honor Lugar and former U.S. Congressman <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hamilton" title="Lee Hamilton">Lee Hamilton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wargs.com/political/lugar.html">"Ancestry of Dick Lugar"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ancestry+of+Dick+Lugar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wargs.com%2Fpolitical%2Flugar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130202050332/http://www.ighs.org/index_files/Page2965.htm">"Senator Richard Lugar 2012 Hoosier German-American"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ighs.org/index_files/Page2965.htm">the original</a> on February 2, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senator+Richard+Lugar+2012+Hoosier+German-American&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ighs.org%2Findex_files%2FPage2965.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-honor-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-honor_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-honor_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-honor_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTownley2007" class="citation book cs1">Townley, Alvin (2007) [December 26, 2006]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thomasdunnebooks.com/TD_TitleDetail.aspx?ISBN=0312366531"><i>Legacy of Honor: The Values and Influence of America's Eagle Scouts</i></a>. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">123–</span>132, 237. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-36653-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-36653-7"><bdi>978-0-312-36653-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(February 2, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1984/02/02/President-Reagans-nominee-to-be-the-first-full-fledged-ambassador/6147444546000/">"President Reagan's nominee to be the first full-fledged ambassador..."</a> UPI.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=President+Reagan%27s+nominee+to+be+the+first+full-fledged+ambassador...&rft.date=1984-02-02&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1984%2F02%2F02%2FPresident-Reagans-nominee-to-be-the-first-full-fledged-ambassador%2F6147444546000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/16/us/senate-vote-on-school-prayer.html">"Senate Vote on School Prayer"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 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(January 27, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/01/27/President-Reagan-acknowledges-mistakes-of-Iran-Contra-Scandal/2302538722000/">"President Reagan acknowledges mistakes of Iran-Contra Scandal"</a>. 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His role in sale of federal shale oil lands is cited"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. 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Praeger. 2014. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1440831997" title="Special:BookSources/978-1440831997"><bdi>978-1440831997</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Triumphs+and+Tragedies+of+the+Modern+Congress%3A+Case+Studies+in+Legislative+Leadership&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1440831997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/celebrating-25th-anniversary-nunn-lugar-cooperative-threat-reduction-program-2182545.htm">"Celebrating the 25th Anniversary of the Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Program"</a>. marketwired.com. 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Lugar leaves behind bipartisan legacy"</a>. wthr.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sen.+Lugar+leaves+behind+bipartisan+legacy&rft.date=2012-05-09&rft.aulast=Stehr&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wthr.com%2Farticle%2Fsen-lugar-leaves-behind-bipartisan-legacy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBerman2012" class="citation news cs1">Berman, Ari (May 8, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/richard-lugar-and-end-moderate-republicanism/">"Richard Lugar and the End of Moderate Republicanism"</a>. <i>The Nation</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Richard+Lugar+and+the+End+of+Moderate+Republicanism&rft.date=2012-05-08&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=Ari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenation.com%2Farticle%2Frichard-lugar-and-end-moderate-republicanism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2012/05/09/152366898/lugar-the-latest-moderate-republican-to-lose-office">"Lugar The Latest Moderate Republican To Lose Office"</a>. May 9, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Lugar+The+Latest+Moderate+Republican+To+Lose+Office&rft.date=2012-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2012%2F05%2F09%2F152366898%2Flugar-the-latest-moderate-republican-to-lose-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newrepublic.com/article/103255/lugar-richard-moderate-republican-retirement-senator-bipartisan">"Who Ever Said Dick Lugar Was a Moderate?"</a>. <i>New Republic</i>. May 9, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Republic&rft.atitle=Who+Ever+Said+Dick+Lugar+Was+a+Moderate%3F&rft.date=2012-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewrepublic.com%2Farticle%2F103255%2Flugar-richard-moderate-republican-retirement-senator-bipartisan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/e85eb09cf5e048879ab9858747fe4951">"Navy warship to be named after late Indiana Sen. Lugar"</a>. Associated Press. November 19, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Navy+warship+to+be+named+after+late+Indiana+Sen.+Lugar&rft.date=2019-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fe85eb09cf5e048879ab9858747fe4951&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201119031813/https://www.lugarplaza.org/about">"About Richard G. Lugar"</a>. <i>Richard G. Lugar Plaza</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lugarplaza.org/about">the original</a> on November 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Richard+G.+Lugar+Plaza&rft.atitle=About+Richard+G.+Lugar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lugarplaza.org%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indyculturaltrail.org/lugar-plaza/">"Lugar Plaza"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Cultural_Trail" title="Indianapolis Cultural Trail">Indianapolis Cultural Trail</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indianapolis+Cultural+Trail&rft.atitle=Lugar+Plaza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findyculturaltrail.org%2Flugar-plaza%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indyhousing.org/iha-communities/view-properties/richard-g.-lugar-tower">"Richard G. Lugar Tower"</a>. <i>Indianapolis Housing Agency</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indianapolis+Housing+Agency&rft.atitle=Richard+G.+Lugar+Tower&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indyhousing.org%2Fiha-communities%2Fview-properties%2Frichard-g.-lugar-tower&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls.indiana.edu/about/richard-lugar/index.html">"Richard G. Lugar"</a>. <i>Hamilton Lugar School of Global and International Studies</i>. Indiana University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hamilton+Lugar+School+of+Global+and+International+Studies&rft.atitle=Richard+G.+Lugar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhls.indiana.edu%2Fabout%2Frichard-lugar%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bergner, Jeffrey T., and Richard Lugar, eds. <i>The Next American Century: Essays in Honor of Richard G. Lugar</i> (Rowman & Littlefield, 2003)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShaw,_John_T.2012" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, John T. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZSTnhz3fpswC&pg=PT73"><i>Richard G. Lugar, Statesman of the Senate: Crafting Foreign Policy from Capitol Hill</i></a>. Indiana UP. p. 73. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0253007117" title="Special:BookSources/978-0253007117"><bdi>978-0253007117</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Richard+G.+Lugar%2C+Statesman+of+the+Senate%3A+Crafting+Foreign+Policy+from+Capitol+Hill&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=Indiana+UP&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0253007117&rft.au=Shaw%2C+John+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZSTnhz3fpswC%26pg%3DPT73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lugar&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afsa.org/sites/default/files/flipping_book/070805/index.html#/90/">Foreign Service Journal article on his Lifetime Contributions to American Diplomacy Award.</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lugar" class="extiw" title="commons:Richard Lugar"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Richard Lugar</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/60px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/120px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Richard_Green_Lugar" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Richard Green Lugar">Richard Lugar</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelugarcenter.org/">The Lugar Center</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=l000504">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4IN00014">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/53292">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?255">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131011224528/http://uindy.archivestree.com/collections/lugar.php">The Richard G. Lugar Collection</a> at the Digital Mayoral Archives, University of Indianapolis</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLarson,_Christina2006" class="citation web cs1">Larson, Christina (September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080430232404/http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2006/0609.larson.html">"Hoosier Daddy"</a>. Washington Monthly. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2006/0609.larson.html">the original</a> on April 30, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hoosier+Daddy&rft.pub=Washington+Monthly&rft.date=2006-09&rft.au=Larson%2C+Christina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonmonthly.com%2Ffeatures%2F2006%2F0609.larson.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+Lugar" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_J._Barton" title="John J. Barton">John Barton</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="List of mayors of Indianapolis">Mayor of Indianapolis</a> </b><br />1968–1976 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hudnut_III" title="William H. Hudnut III">William Hudnut</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Ruckelshaus" title="William Ruckelshaus">William Ruckelshaus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" class="mw-redirect" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 3</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1974 United States Senate election in Indiana">1974</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Roudebush" title="Richard L. Roudebush">Richard Roudebush</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" class="mw-redirect" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 1</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1976 United States Senate election in Indiana">1976</a>, <a href="/wiki/1982_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1982 United States Senate election in Indiana">1982</a>, <a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1988 United States Senate election in Indiana">1988</a>, <a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1994 United States Senate election in Indiana">1994</a>, <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2000 United States Senate election in Indiana">2000</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="2006 United States Senate election in Indiana">2006</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mourdock" title="Richard Mourdock">Richard Mourdock</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Packwood" title="Bob Packwood">Bob Packwood</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">National Republican Senatorial Committee</a> </b><br />1983–1985 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/H._John_Heinz_III" class="mw-redirect" title="H. John Heinz III">John Heinz</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Vance_Hartke" title="Vance Hartke">Vance Hartke</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Indiana</a> </b><br />1977–2013 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Birch_Bayh" title="Birch Bayh">Birch Bayh</a>, Dan Quayle, Dan Coats, <a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">Evan Bayh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Dan Coats</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Donnelly" title="Joe Donnelly">Joe Donnelly</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Percy" title="Charles H. Percy">Chuck Percy</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a> </b><br />1985–1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Claiborne_Pell" title="Claiborne Pell">Claiborne Pell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Jesse Helms</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Senate Agriculture Committee</a> </b><br />1987–1995 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Patrick Leahy</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Patrick Leahy</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Senate Agriculture Committee</a> </b><br />1995–2001 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="3">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Tom Harkin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Tom Harkin</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Senate Agriculture Committee</a> </b><br />2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Senate Agriculture Committee</a> </b><br />2001, 2001–2003 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a> </b><br />2003–2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Joe Biden</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a> </b><br />2007–2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Corker" title="Bob Corker">Bob Corker</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Ted Stevens</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Most senior <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States senator">United States senator</a> </b><br />2009–2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Orrin_Hatch" title="Orrin Hatch">Orrin Hatch</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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Bright">Bright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Wright" title="Joseph A. Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Turpie" title="David Turpie">Turpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">T. Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_D._Pratt" title="Daniel D. Pratt">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._McDonald" title="Joseph E. McDonald">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Turpie" title="David Turpie">Turpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_J._Beveridge" title="Albert J. Beveridge">Beveridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Kern" title="John W. Kern">Kern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._New" title="Harry S. New">New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_M._Ralston" title="Samuel M. Ralston">Ralston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Raymond_Robinson" title="Arthur Raymond Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Minton" title="Sherman Minton">Minton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_E._Willis" title="Raymond E. Willis">Willis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Jenner" title="William E. Jenner">Jenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_Hartke" title="Vance Hartke">Hartke</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Donnelly" title="Joe Donnelly">Donnelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Braun" title="Mike Braun">Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Banks" title="Jim Banks">Banks</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waller_Taylor" title="Waller Taylor">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hendricks" title="William Hendricks">W. Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_H._Smith" title="Oliver H. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Hannegan" title="Edward A. Hannegan">Hannegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Whitcomb" title="James Whitcomb">Whitcomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Cathcart" title="Charles W. Cathcart">Cathcart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pettit" title="John Pettit">Pettit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_N._Fitch" title="Graham N. Fitch">Fitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Lane" title="Henry S. Lane">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_P._Morton" title="Oliver P. Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Voorhees" title="Daniel W. Voorhees">Voorhees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Hemenway" title="James A. Hemenway">Hemenway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Shively" title="Benjamin F. Shively">Shively</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Taggart" title="Thomas Taggart">Taggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Watson" title="James E. Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Van_Nuys" title="Frederick Van Nuys">Van Nuys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_D._Jackson" title="Samuel D. Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Jenner" title="William E. Jenner">Jenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_E._Capehart" title="Homer E. Capehart">Capehart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birch_Bayh" title="Birch Bayh">Bayh II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Coats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">Bayh III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Coats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations69" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Foreign_Relations_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Foreign Relations chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Foreign_Relations_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Foreign Relations chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Foreign_Relations_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Foreign Relations chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations69" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brown_(Louisiana_politician)" title="James Brown (Louisiana politician)">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_King" title="Rufus King">R. King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Sanford" title="Nathan Sanford">Sanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littleton_Waller_Tazewell" title="Littleton Waller Tazewell">Tazewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(politician)" title="John Forsyth (politician)">Forsyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilkins_(American_politician)" title="William Wilkins (American politician)">Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cabell_Rives" title="William Cabell Rives">Rives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Archer" title="William S. Archer">Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Allen_(governor)" title="William Allen (governor)">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Hundley_Sevier" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrose Hundley Sevier">Sevier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Hannegan" title="Edward A. Hannegan">Hannegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hart_Benton_(politician)" title="Thomas Hart Benton (politician)">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">W. King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Foote" title="Henry S. Foote">Foote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Mason" title="James M. Mason">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Sumner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Cameron" title="Simon Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Eaton" title="William W. Eaton">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Burnside" title="Ambrose Burnside">Burnside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Edmunds" title="George F. Edmunds">Edmunds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom_(politician)" title="William Windom (politician)">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Miller_(senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Franklin Miller (senator)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Morgan" title="John T. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushman_K._Davis" title="Cushman K. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_M._Cullom" title="Shelby M. Cullom">Cullom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_O._Bacon" title="Augustus O. Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Stone" title="William J. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Hitchcock" title="Gilbert Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Borah" title="William Borah">Borah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_Pittman" title="Key Pittman">Pittman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_F._George" title="Walter F. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Connally" title="Tom Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Vandenberg" title="Arthur Vandenberg">Vandenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Connally" title="Tom Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Wiley" title="Alexander Wiley">Wiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_F._George" title="Walter F. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_F._Green" title="Theodore F. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">Fulbright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman">Sparkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Church" title="Frank Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Percy" title="Charles H. Percy">Percy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claiborne_Pell" title="Claiborne Pell">Pell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Menendez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Corker" title="Bob Corker">Corker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Risch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Menendez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin">Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Risch</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry234" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#default;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Agriculture_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Agriculture chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Agriculture_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Agriculture chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Agriculture_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Agriculture chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry234" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agriculture<br />(1829–1857; 1863–1881)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Marks_(politician)" title="William Marks (politician)">Marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Seymour_(Vermont_politician)" title="Horatio Seymour (Vermont politician)">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_Brown" title="Bedford Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Page_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="John Page (New Hampshire politician)">Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Smith_(politician)" title="Perry Smith (politician)">P. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Mouton" title="Alexandre Mouton">Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_F._Linn" title="Lewis F. Linn">Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Upham" title="William Upham">Upham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sturgeon" title="Daniel Sturgeon">Sturgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Soul%C3%A9" title="Pierre Soulé">Soulé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Allen_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Philip Allen (Rhode Island politician)">Allen</a></li> <li><i>(abolished 1857–1863)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Cameron" title="Simon Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_P._Morton" title="Oliver P. Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Theodore_Frelinghuysen" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen">Frelinghuysen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algernon_Paddock" title="Algernon Paddock">Paddock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Johnston" title="John W. Johnston">Johnston</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/135px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/180px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agriculture and Forestry<br />(1884–1977)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Miller" title="Warner Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Palmer" title="Thomas W. Palmer">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algernon_Paddock" title="Algernon Paddock">Paddock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Z._George" title="James Z. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redfield_Proctor" title="Redfield Proctor">Proctor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_C._Hansbrough" title="Henry C. Hansbrough">Hansbrough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_P._Dolliver" title="Jonathan P. Dolliver">Dolliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren" title="Francis E. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_E._Burnham" title="Henry E. Burnham">Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gore" title="Thomas Gore">Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asle_Gronna" title="Asle Gronna">Gronna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Norris" title="George W. Norris">Norris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellison_D._Smith" title="Ellison D. Smith">E. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Thomas" title="Elmer Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Capper" title="Arthur Capper">Capper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Thomas" title="Elmer Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_J._Ellender" title="Allen J. Ellender">Ellender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Aiken" title="George Aiken">Aiken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_J._Ellender" title="Allen J. Ellender">Ellender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">Talmadge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry<br />(1977–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">Talmadge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Leahy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Harkin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Harkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thad_Cochran" title="Thad Cochran">Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxby_Chambliss" title="Saxby Chambliss">Chambliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Harkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Lincoln" title="Blanche Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Stabenow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Roberts" title="Pat Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Stabenow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">Boozman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairmen_of_the_National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee101" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NRSC_Chairs" title="Template:NRSC Chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NRSC_Chairs" title="Template talk:NRSC Chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NRSC_Chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NRSC Chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairmen_of_the_National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee101" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">Chairmen of the National Republican Senatorial Committee</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Poindexter" title="Miles Poindexter">Poindexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medill_McCormick" title="Medill McCormick">McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Moses" title="George H. Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_C._Phipps" title="Lawrence C. Phipps">Phipps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_H._Metcalf" title="Jesse H. Metcalf">Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Moses" title="George H. Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Hatfield" title="Henry D. Hatfield">Hatfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_O._Hastings" title="Daniel O. Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Townsend_Jr." title="John G. Townsend Jr.">Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Brewster" title="Owen Brewster">Brewster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Frank_Schoeppel" title="Andrew Frank Schoeppel">Schoeppel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thruston_Ballard_Morton" title="Thruston Ballard Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Murphy" title="George Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tower" title="John Tower">Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_H._Dominick" title="Peter H. Dominick">Dominick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brock" title="Bill Brock">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Packwood" title="Bob Packwood">Packwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Heinz" title="John Heinz">Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Packwood" title="Bob Packwood">Packwood</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Heinz" title="John Heinz">Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Boschwitz" title="Rudy Boschwitz">Boschwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Nickles" title="Don Nickles">Nickles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Gramm" title="Phil Gramm">Gramm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_D%27Amato" title="Al D'Amato">D'Amato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Frist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Allen_(American_politician)" title="George Allen (American politician)">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ensign" title="John Ensign">Ensign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">Cornyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Moran" title="Jerry Moran">Moran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Wicker" title="Roger Wicker">Wicker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cory_Gardner" title="Cory Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">R. Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Daines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Scott" title="Tim Scott">T. Scott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mayors_of_Indianapolis320" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="Template:Mayors of Indianapolis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="Template talk:Mayors of Indianapolis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors of Indianapolis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mayors_of_Indianapolis320" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="List of mayors of Indianapolis">Mayors of Indianapolis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1 <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Henderson_(Indianapolis_mayor)" title="Samuel Henderson (Indianapolis mayor)">Henderson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2 <a href="/wiki/Horatio_C._Newcomb" title="Horatio C. Newcomb">Newcomb</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">3 <a href="/wiki/Caleb_Scudder" title="Caleb Scudder">Scudder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">4 <a href="/wiki/James_McCready" title="James McCready">McCready</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">5 <a href="/wiki/Henry_F._West" title="Henry F. West">West</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">6 <a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Coulon" title="Charles G. Coulon">Coulon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">7 <a href="/wiki/William_J._Wallace_(Indianapolis_mayor)" title="William J. Wallace (Indianapolis mayor)">W. Wallace</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">8 <a href="/wiki/Samuel_D._Maxwell" title="Samuel D. Maxwell">Maxwell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">9 & 12 <a href="/wiki/John_Caven_(American_politician)" title="John Caven (American politician)">Caven</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">10 <a href="/wiki/Daniel_McCauley" title="Daniel McCauley">McCauley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">11 <a href="/wiki/James_L._Mitchell" title="James L. Mitchell">Mitchell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">13 <a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Grubbs" title="Daniel W. Grubbs">Grubbs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">14 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_L._McMaster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John L. McMaster (page does not exist)">McMaster</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">15 & 17 <a href="/wiki/Caleb_S._Denny" title="Caleb S. Denny">C. Denny</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">16 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_L._Sullivan" title="Thomas L. Sullivan">T. Sullivan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">18 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Taggart" title="Thomas Taggart">Taggart</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">19 & 21 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_A._Bookwalter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles A. Bookwalter (page does not exist)">Bookwalter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">20 <a href="/wiki/John_W._Holtzman" title="John W. Holtzman">Holtzman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">22 & 26 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_L._Shank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel L. Shank (page does not exist)">Shank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">23 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_R._Wallace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry R. Wallace (page does not exist)">H. Wallace</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">24 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_E._Bell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph E. Bell (page does not exist)">Bell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">25 <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Jewett_(Indiana_politician)" title="Charles W. Jewett (Indiana politician)">Jewett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">27 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_L._Duvall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John L. Duvall (page does not exist)">Duvall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">28 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_E._Negley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude E. Negley (page does not exist)">Negley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">29 <a href="/wiki/Lemuel_Ertus_Slack" title="Lemuel Ertus Slack">Slack</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">30 & 33 <a href="/wiki/Reginald_H._Sullivan" title="Reginald H. Sullivan">R. Sullivan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">31 <a href="/wiki/John_W._Kern_Jr." title="John W. Kern Jr.">Kern Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">32 <a href="/wiki/Walter_C._Boetcher" title="Walter C. Boetcher">Boetcher</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">34 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Tyndall" title="Robert Tyndall">Tyndall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">35 <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_L._Denny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George L. Denny (page does not exist)">G. Denny</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">36 <a href="/wiki/Albert_G._Feeney" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert G. Feeney">Feeney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">37 & 40 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phillip_L._Bayt_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phillip L. Bayt Jr. (page does not exist)">Bayt Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">38 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_J._Emhardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian J. Emhardt (page does not exist)">Emhardt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">39 <a href="/wiki/Alex_Clark_(politician)" title="Alex Clark (politician)">Clark</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">41 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_H._Boswell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles H. Boswell (page does not exist)">Boswell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">42 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_H._Losche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert H. Losche (page does not exist)">Losche</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">43 <a href="/wiki/John_J._Barton" title="John J. Barton">Barton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">44 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lugar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">45 <a href="/wiki/William_H._Hudnut_III" title="William H. Hudnut III">Hudnut III</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">46 <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Goldsmith" title="Stephen Goldsmith">Goldsmith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">47 <a href="/wiki/Bart_Peterson" title="Bart Peterson">Peterson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">48 <a href="/wiki/Greg_Ballard" title="Greg Ballard">Ballard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">49 <a href="/wiki/Joe_Hogsett" title="Joe Hogsett">Hogsett</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left:1.0em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Indianapolis.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal_of_Indianapolis"><img alt="Seal_of_Indianapolis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Indianapolis.svg/80px-Flag_of_Indianapolis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Indianapolis.svg/120px-Flag_of_Indianapolis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Indianapolis.svg/160px-Flag_of_Indianapolis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Mayors_of_Indianapolis" title="Category:Mayors of Indianapolis">Category</a></b> · <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mayors_of_Indianapolis" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mayors of Indianapolis">Commons</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1992)_1996_United_States_presidential_election_(2000_→)532" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1996 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1996 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1996 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1992)_1996_United_States_presidential_election_(2000_→)532" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">← 1992</a>) <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1996 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Incumbent nominee: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clintonism" title="Clintonism">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Incumbent VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/James_D._Griffin" title="James D. Griffin">James D. Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche">Lyndon LaRouche</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche_U.S._presidential_campaigns" title="Lyndon LaRouche U.S. presidential campaigns">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Views_of_Lyndon_LaRouche_and_the_LaRouche_movement" title="Views of Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouche movement">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Paulsen" title="Pat Paulsen">Pat Paulsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Riemers" title="Roland Riemers">Roland Riemers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_National_Convention" title="1996 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bob Dole 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Jack Kemp</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Lamar_Alexander" title="Lamar Alexander">Lamar Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Collins_(politician)" title="Charles E. Collins (politician)">Charles E. Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dornan" title="Bob Dornan">Bob Dornan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Fellure" title="Jack Fellure">Jack Fellure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Fletcher" title="Arthur Fletcher">Arthur Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Forbes" title="Steve Forbes">Steve Forbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Gramm" title="Phil Gramm">Phil Gramm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes">Alan Keyes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Richard Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabell_Masters" title="Isabell Masters">Isabell Masters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_McMillan" title="Jimmy McMillan">Jimmy McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennie_Rogers" title="Tennie Rogers">Tennie Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlen_Specter" title="Arlen Specter">Arlen Specter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morry_Taylor" title="Morry Taylor">Morry Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Wilson" title="Pete Wilson">Pete Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #6A287E;"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Reform Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Ross Perot</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Ross Perot 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Pat_Choate" title="Pat Choate">Pat Choate</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lamm" title="Richard Lamm">Richard Lamm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lamm_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Richard Lamm 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_Third-party_and_independent_candidates580" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other <a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third-party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">candidates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #17aa5c;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_the_United_States" title="Green Party of the United States">Green Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1996_Green_Party_National_Convention&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1996 Green Party National Convention (page does not exist)">Convention</a></li> <li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Ralph Nader 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Winona_LaDuke" title="Winona LaDuke">Winona LaDuke</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #50C878;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Grassroots_Party" title="Independent Grassroots Party">Independent Grassroots Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/John_Birrenbach" title="John Birrenbach">John Birrenbach</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/George_McMahon_(activist)" title="George McMahon (activist)">George McMahon</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FED105;"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Libertarian_National_Convention#1996" title="1996 Libertarian National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Harry_Browne" title="Harry Browne">Harry Browne</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jo_Jorgensen" title="Jo Jorgensen">Jo Jorgensen</a></b></li> <li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Schiff" title="Irwin Schiff">Irwin Schiff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 NavajoWhite;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Law_Party_(United_States)" title="Natural Law Party (United States)">Natural Law Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/John_Hagelin" title="John Hagelin">John Hagelin</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Mike_Tompkins_(politician)" title="Mike Tompkins (politician)">Mike Tompkins</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Earl_Dodge" title="Earl Dodge">Earl Dodge</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Bubar_Kelly" title="Rachel Bubar Kelly">Rachel Bubar Kelly</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cal_Hollis" title="Mary Cal Hollis">Mary Cal Hollis </a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Eric_Chester" title="Eric Chester">Eric Chester</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/James_Harris_(Socialist_Workers_Party_politician)" title="James Harris (Socialist Workers Party politician)">James Harris</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A356DE;"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">U.S. Taxpayers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Howard Phillips</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Herb_Titus" class="mw-redirect" title="Herb Titus">Herb Titus</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF33AA;"><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">Workers World Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Monica_Moorehead" title="Monica Moorehead">Monica Moorehead</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Gloria_La_Riva" title="Gloria La Riva">Gloria La Riva</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents and other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Joan_Jett_Blakk" title="Joan Jett Blakk">Joan Jett Blakk</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Marsha_Feinland" title="Marsha Feinland">Marsha Feinland</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Isabell_Masters" title="Isabell Masters">Isabell Masters</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Steve_Michael" title="Steve Michael">Steve Michael</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Peron" title="Dennis Peron">Dennis Peron</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Other 1996 elections</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1996 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1996 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1996 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="36px_Order_of_Lakandula_recipients_36px316" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png/54px-PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png/72px-PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Lakandula" title="Order of Lakandula">Order of Lakandula</a> recipients <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png/36px-PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png/54px-PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png/72px-PHL_Order_of_Lakandula.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grand Collar (<i>Supremo</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I" title="Juan Carlos I">Juan Carlos I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_W._Diokno" title="Jose W. Diokno">Jose W. Diokno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalifa_bin_Salman_Al_Khalifa" title="Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa">Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teodoro_Obiang_Nguema_Mbasogo" title="Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo">Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabah_Al-Ahmad_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah" title="Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah">Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamad_bin_Khalifa_Al_Thani" title="Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani">Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Richard Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akihito" title="Akihito">Akihito, Emperor of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanat_Khoman" title="Thanat Khoman">Thanat Khoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Malik" title="Adam Malik">Adam Malik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Rajaratnam" title="S. Rajaratnam">S. Rajaratnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Razak_Hussein" title="Abdul Razak Hussein">Abdul Razak Hussein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narciso_Ramos" title="Narciso Ramos">Narciso Ramos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Severino_Jr." title="Rodolfo Severino Jr.">Rodolfo Severino Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grand Cross (<i>Bayani</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolando_Andaya_Jr." title="Rolando Andaya Jr.">Rolando Andaya Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Benjamin_Caguioa" title="Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa">Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Devanadera" title="Agnes Devanadera">Agnes Devanadera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermogenes_Ebdane" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermogenes Ebdane">Hermogenes Ebdane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Ermita" title="Eduardo Ermita">Eduardo Ermita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermogenes_Esperon" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermogenes Esperon">Hermogenes Esperon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_VI" title="Felipe VI">Felipe VI</a></li> <li>Alex Frieder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Garcia" title="Gwendolyn Garcia">Gwendolyn Garcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">Daniel Inouye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Laurel" title="Salvador Laurel">Salvador Laurel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Manalo" title="Enrique Manalo">Enrique Manalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_V._McNutt" title="Paul V. McNutt">Paul V. McNutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blas_Ople" title="Blas Ople">Blas Ople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_V._Pangilinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel V. Pangilinan">Manuel V. Pangilinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reynato_Puno" title="Reynato Puno">Reynato Puno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerge_Remonde" title="Cerge Remonde">Cerge Remonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Reuter" title="James Reuter">James B. Reuter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Reyes" title="Angelo Reyes">Angelo Reyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Romulo" title="Alberto Romulo">Alberto Romulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Sin" title="Jaime Sin">Jaime Cardinal Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_SyCip" title="Washington SyCip">Washington SyCip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amando_Tetangco_Jr." title="Amando Tetangco Jr.">Amando Tetangco Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoichiro_Toyoda" title="Shoichiro Toyoda">Shoichiro Toyoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ty" title="George Ty">George Ty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Yap" title="Arthur C. Yap">Arthur C. Yap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Yuchengco" title="Alfonso Yuchengco">Alfonso Yuchengco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grand Officer<br />(<i>Marangal na Pinuno</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thad_Cochran" title="Thad Cochran">Thad Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lim_Bon_Liong" title="Henry Lim Bon Liong">Henry Lim Bon Liong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Soliven" title="Max Soliven">Max Soliven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commander (<i>Komandante</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_V._Pangilinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel V. Pangilinan">Manuel V. Pangilinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efren_Pe%C3%B1aflorida" title="Efren Peñaflorida">Efren Peñaflorida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lea_Salonga" title="Lea Salonga">Lea Salonga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Officer (<i>Pinuno</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Domingo_Lucenario_Jr." title="Domingo Lucenario Jr.">Domingo Lucenario Jr.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Champion for Life (<i>Kampeon Habang Buhay</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dale Abenojar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronato_Alcano" title="Ronato Alcano">Ronato Alcano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonito_Donaire" title="Nonito Donaire">Nonito Donaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Emata" title="Erwin Emata">Erwin Emata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Oracion" title="Leo Oracion">Leo Oracion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Manny Pacquiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precious_Lara_Quigaman" title="Precious Lara Quigaman">Precious Lara Quigaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efren_Reyes" title="Efren Reyes">Efren Reyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Rosales" title="Jennifer Rosales">Jennifer Rosales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indiana&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_95th-112th_United_States_Congress_(ordered_by_seniority)192" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indiana&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_95th-112th_United_States_Congress_(ordered_by_seniority)192" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>'s delegation(s) to the 95th-112th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/95th_United_States_Congress" title="95th United States Congress">95th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Birch_Bayh" title="Birch Bayh">B. Bayh</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Brademas" title="John Brademas">J. Brademas</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elwood_Hillis" title="Elwood Hillis">E. Hillis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_W._Evans" title="David W. Evans">D. Evans</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Fithian" title="Floyd Fithian">F. Fithian</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adam_Benjamin_Jr." title="Adam Benjamin Jr.">A. Benjamin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_L._Cornwell" title="David L. Cornwell">D. Cornwell</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">D. Quayle</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/96th_United_States_Congress" title="96th United States Congress">96th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Birch_Bayh" title="Birch Bayh">B. Bayh</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Brademas" title="John Brademas">J. Brademas</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elwood_Hillis" title="Elwood Hillis">E. Hillis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_W._Evans" title="David W. Evans">D. Evans</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Fithian" title="Floyd Fithian">F. Fithian</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adam_Benjamin_Jr." title="Adam Benjamin Jr.">A. Benjamin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">D. Quayle</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/H._Joel_Deckard" title="H. Joel Deckard">H. Deckard</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/97th_United_States_Congress" title="97th United States Congress">97th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">D. Quayle</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elwood_Hillis" title="Elwood Hillis">E. Hillis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_W._Evans" title="David W. Evans">D. Evans</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Fithian" title="Floyd Fithian">F. Fithian</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adam_Benjamin_Jr." title="Adam Benjamin Jr."><i>A. Benjamin</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/H._Joel_Deckard" title="H. Joel Deckard">H. Deckard</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hiler" title="John P. Hiler">J. Hiler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Katie_Hall_(American_politician)" title="Katie Hall (American politician)"><i>K. Hall</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/98th_United_States_Congress" title="98th United States Congress">98th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">D. Quayle</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elwood_Hillis" title="Elwood Hillis">E. Hillis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hiler" title="John P. Hiler">J. Hiler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Katie_Hall_(American_politician)" title="Katie Hall (American politician)">K. Hall</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCloskey" title="Frank McCloskey">F. McCloskey</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/99th_United_States_Congress" title="99th United States Congress">99th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">D. Quayle</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elwood_Hillis" title="Elwood Hillis">E. Hillis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hiler" title="John P. Hiler">J. Hiler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCloskey" title="Frank McCloskey">F. McCloskey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/100th_United_States_Congress" title="100th United States Congress">100th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle"><i>D. Quayle</i></a> (R)<br /></li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats"><i>D. Coats</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats"><i>D. Coats</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hiler" title="John P. Hiler">J. Hiler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCloskey" title="Frank McCloskey">F. McCloskey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jontz" title="Jim Jontz">J. Jontz</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jill_Long_Thompson" title="Jill Long Thompson"><i>J. Long</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/101st_United_States_Congress" title="101st United States Congress">101st</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hiler" title="John P. Hiler">J. Hiler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCloskey" title="Frank McCloskey">F. McCloskey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jontz" title="Jim Jontz">J. Jontz</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jill_Long_Thompson" title="Jill Long Thompson">J. Long</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/102nd_United_States_Congress" title="102nd United States Congress">102nd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCloskey" title="Frank McCloskey">F. McCloskey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jontz" title="Jim Jontz">J. Jontz</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jill_Long_Thompson" title="Jill Long Thompson">J. Long</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tim_Roemer" title="Tim Roemer">T. Roemer</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/103rd_United_States_Congress" title="103rd United States Congress">103rd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sharp_(politician)" title="Philip Sharp (politician)">P. Sharp</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_McCloskey" title="Frank McCloskey">F. McCloskey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jill_Long_Thompson" title="Jill Long Thompson">J. Long</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tim_Roemer" title="Tim Roemer">T. Roemer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/104th_United_States_Congress" title="104th United States Congress">104th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_T._Myers_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Myers (congressman)">J. Myers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jacobs_Jr." title="Andrew Jacobs Jr.">A. Jacobs Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tim_Roemer" title="Tim Roemer">T. Roemer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hostettler" title="John Hostettler">J. Hostettler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_M._McIntosh" class="mw-redirect" title="David M. McIntosh">D. McIntosh</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Souder" title="Mark Souder">M. Souder</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/105th_United_States_Congress" title="105th United States Congress">105th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lee_H._Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee H. Hamilton">L. Hamilton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tim_Roemer" title="Tim Roemer">T. Roemer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hostettler" title="John Hostettler">J. Hostettler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_M._McIntosh" class="mw-redirect" title="David M. McIntosh">D. McIntosh</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Souder" title="Mark Souder">M. Souder</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Julia_Carson" title="Julia Carson">J. Carson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Pease" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward A. Pease">E. Pease</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/106th_United_States_Congress" title="106th United States Congress">106th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">E. Bayh</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tim_Roemer" title="Tim Roemer">T. Roemer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hostettler" title="John Hostettler">J. Hostettler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_M._McIntosh" class="mw-redirect" title="David M. McIntosh">D. McIntosh</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Souder" title="Mark Souder">M. Souder</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Julia_Carson" title="Julia Carson">J. Carson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Pease" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward A. Pease">E. Pease</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Baron_Hill_(politician)" title="Baron Hill (politician)">B. Hill</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/107th_United_States_Congress" title="107th United States Congress">107th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">E. Bayh</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tim_Roemer" title="Tim Roemer">T. Roemer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hostettler" title="John Hostettler">J. Hostettler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Souder" title="Mark Souder">M. Souder</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Julia_Carson" title="Julia Carson">J. Carson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Baron_Hill_(politician)" title="Baron Hill (politician)">B. Hill</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brian_D._Kerns" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian D. Kerns">B. Kerns</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">M. Pence</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/108th_United_States_Congress" title="108th United States Congress">108th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">E. Bayh</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hostettler" title="John Hostettler">J. Hostettler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Souder" title="Mark Souder">M. Souder</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Julia_Carson" title="Julia Carson">J. Carson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Baron_Hill_(politician)" title="Baron Hill (politician)">B. Hill</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">M. Pence</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Chocola" title="Chris Chocola">C. Chocola</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/109th_United_States_Congress" title="109th United States Congress">109th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">E. Bayh</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hostettler" title="John Hostettler">J. Hostettler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Souder" title="Mark Souder">M. Souder</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Julia_Carson" title="Julia Carson">J. Carson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">M. Pence</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Chocola" title="Chris Chocola">C. Chocola</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Sodrel" title="Mike Sodrel">M. Sodrel</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">E. Bayh</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Souder" title="Mark Souder">M. Souder</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Julia_Carson" title="Julia Carson"><i>J. Carson</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">M. Pence</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Baron_Hill_(politician)" title="Baron Hill (politician)">B. Hill</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joe_Donnelly" title="Joe Donnelly">J. Donnelly</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brad_Ellsworth" title="Brad Ellsworth">B. Ellsworth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Carson" title="André Carson"><i>A. Carson</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/111th_United_States_Congress" title="111th United States Congress">111th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">E. Bayh</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Buyer" title="Steve Buyer">S. Buyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Souder" title="Mark Souder"><i>M. Souder</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">M. Pence</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Baron_Hill_(politician)" title="Baron Hill (politician)">B. Hill</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joe_Donnelly" title="Joe Donnelly">J. Donnelly</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brad_Ellsworth" title="Brad Ellsworth">B. Ellsworth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Carson" title="André Carson">A. Carson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Marlin_Stutzman" title="Marlin Stutzman"><i>M. Stutzman</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/112th_United_States_Congress" title="112th United States Congress">112th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Lugar</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">D. Coats</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Indiana" title="List of United States representatives from Indiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Burton" title="Dan Burton">D. Burton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Visclosky" title="Pete Visclosky">P. Visclosky</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">M. Pence</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joe_Donnelly" title="Joe Donnelly">J. Donnelly</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Carson" title="André Carson">A. Carson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Marlin_Stutzman" title="Marlin Stutzman">M. Stutzman</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Larry_Bucshon" title="Larry Bucshon">L. Bucshon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Todd_Rokita" title="Todd Rokita">T. Rokita</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">T. Young</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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