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id="toc-Late_18th_century_through_1907" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_18th_century_through_1907"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Late 18th century through 1907</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_18th_century_through_1907-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chief_appointment_era_and_restoration_of_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chief_appointment_era_and_restoration_of_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Chief appointment era and restoration of elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chief_appointment_era_and_restoration_of_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Constitutional_crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constitutional_crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Constitutional crisis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constitutional_crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freedmen_rights_revoked" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freedmen_rights_revoked"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Freedmen rights revoked</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freedmen_rights_revoked-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Freedmen_rights_restored" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freedmen_rights_restored"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Freedmen rights restored</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freedmen_rights_restored-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Same-sex_marriage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Same-sex_marriage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Same-sex marriage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Same-sex_marriage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reservation_reconstituted" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reservation_reconstituted"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Reservation reconstituted</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reservation_reconstituted-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19_pandemic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_pandemic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.4</span> <span>COVID-19 pandemic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_pandemic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citizenship_requirements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citizenship_requirements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Citizenship requirements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citizenship_requirements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Criticism_of_the_Dawes_Rolls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_of_the_Dawes_Rolls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Criticism of the Dawes Rolls</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_of_the_Dawes_Rolls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legislative_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Legislative branch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Executive_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Executive branch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Judicial branch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S_House_of_Representatives_delegate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S_House_of_Representatives_delegate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>U.S House of Representatives delegate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S_House_of_Representatives_delegate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.1</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intertribal_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intertribal_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Intertribal relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Intertribal_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Intertribal relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Intertribal_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inter-Tribal_Environmental_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inter-Tribal_Environmental_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Inter-Tribal Environmental Council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inter-Tribal_Environmental_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intertribal_citizenship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intertribal_citizenship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Intertribal citizenship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intertribal_citizenship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tribal_heritage_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tribal_heritage_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Tribal heritage groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tribal_heritage_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_and_dance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_and_dance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Music and dance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_and_dance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bison" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bison"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Bison</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bison-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indigenous_identity_fraud" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indigenous_identity_fraud"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Indigenous identity fraud</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indigenous_identity_fraud-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee_Kok" title="Cherokee Kok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cherokee Kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee_Nation" title="Cherokee Nation – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cherokee Nation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88eroka_Nacio" title="Ĉeroka Nacio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉeroka Nacio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation_Cherokee" title="Nation Cherokee – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nation Cherokee" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%B4%EB%A1%9C%ED%82%A4_%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98" title="체로키 네이션 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="체로키 네이션" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee_Nation" title="Cherokee Nation – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cherokee Nation" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Cherokee" title="Nação Cherokee – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nação Cherokee" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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location">35.85222°N 94.99083°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.85222; -94.99083</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Native American tribe in Oklahoma, United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the nation of Cherokee in Oklahoma. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Cherokee (disambiguation)">Cherokee (disambiguation)</a>. For the former independent Cherokee Nation, see <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_(1794%E2%80%931907)" title="Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)">Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indian reservation</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Cherokee Nation</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Cherokee-language text"><span lang="chr" style="font-style: normal;">ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Cherokee_language" title="Cherokee language">Cherokee</a>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span title="Cherokee-language text"><i lang="chr-Latn">Tsalagihi Ayeli</i></span></span></div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Cherokee Nation"><img alt="Flag of Cherokee Nation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation.svg/130px-Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation.svg/195px-Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation.svg/260px-Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1170" data-file-height="703" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation" title="Flag of the Cherokee Nation">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_seal_of_the_cherokee_nation.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Cherokee Nation"><img alt="Official seal of Cherokee Nation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Great_seal_of_the_cherokee_nation.svg/80px-Great_seal_of_the_cherokee_nation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Great_seal_of_the_cherokee_nation.svg/120px-Great_seal_of_the_cherokee_nation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Great_seal_of_the_cherokee_nation.svg/160px-Great_seal_of_the_cherokee_nation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="506" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CherokeeOSTA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location (red) in the U.S. state of Oklahoma"><img alt="Location (red) in the U.S. state of Oklahoma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/CherokeeOSTA.svg/250px-CherokeeOSTA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/CherokeeOSTA.svg/375px-CherokeeOSTA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/CherokeeOSTA.svg/500px-CherokeeOSTA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="395" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location (red) in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Cherokee Nation is located in the United States"><img alt="Cherokee Nation is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/250px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/375px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.236%;left:51.764%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cherokee Nation"><img alt="Cherokee Nation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Cherokee Nation</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cherokee_Nation&params=35_51_8_N_94_59_27_W_region:US-OK_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°51′8″N</span> <span class="longitude">94°59′27″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.85222°N 94.99083°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.85222; -94.99083</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_history" title="Cherokee history">Pre-1794 Cherokees</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-Columbian era</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_(1794-1907)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee Nation (1794-1907)">Cherokee Nation (1794-1907)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1794–1907</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constitution Ratified</th><td class="infobox-data">September 6, 1839<span class="noprint">; 185 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1839-09-06</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tribal General Convention convened</th><td class="infobox-data">August 8, 1938<span class="noprint">; 86 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1938-08-08</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">2nd Constitution Ratified</th><td class="infobox-data">June 26, 1976<span class="noprint">; 48 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1976-06-26</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">1999 Constitution Ratified</th><td class="infobox-data">2003<span class="noprint">; 21 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2003</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/McGirt_v._Oklahoma#"Five_Civilized_Tribes"_now_recognized" title="McGirt v. Oklahoma">Reservation Recognized</a></th><td class="infobox-data">March 11, 2021<span class="noprint">; 3 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2021-03-11</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tahlequah,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlequah, Oklahoma">Tahlequah</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">Republic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_Tribal_Council" title="Cherokee Nation Tribal Council">Cherokee Nation Tribal Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Principal_Chiefs_of_the_Cherokee" class="mw-redirect" title="Principal Chiefs of the Cherokee">Principal Chief</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Hoskin_Jr." title="Chuck Hoskin Jr.">Chuck Hoskin Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party of the United States">D</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Deputy Principal Chief</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Warner" title="Bryan Warner">Bryan Warner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party of the United States">D</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Non-voting_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House Delegate-designee</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Teehee" title="Kimberly Teehee">Kimberly Teehee</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party of the United States">D</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-AF2010_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AF2010-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,963 sq mi (18,030 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">6,694 sq mi (17,340 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">269 sq mi (700 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2024)<sup id="cite_ref-2024Demographics_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2024Demographics-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">466,181</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−06:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Standard Time">CST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Daylight Time">CDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_918_and_539" title="Area codes 918 and 539">918 and 539</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cherokee.org">cherokee<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Cherokee Nation</b> (<a href="/wiki/Cherokee_language" title="Cherokee language">Cherokee</a>: <span lang="chr">ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ</span> <span title="Cherokee-language text"><i lang="chr-Latn">Tsalagihi Ayeli</i></span> or <span title="Cherokee-language text"><span lang="chr">ᏣᎳᎩᏰᎵ</span></span> <span title="Cherokee-language text"><i lang="chr-Latn">Tsalagiyehli</i></span>), formerly known as the <b>Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma</b>, is the largest of three <a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of federally recognized tribes">federally recognized tribes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokees</a> in the United States. It includes people descended from members of the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_(1794%E2%80%931907)" title="Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)">Old Cherokee Nation</a> who relocated, due to increasing pressure, from the Southeast to <a href="/wiki/Indian_Territory" title="Indian Territory">Indian Territory</a> and Cherokees who were forced to relocate on the <a href="/wiki/Trail_of_Tears" title="Trail of Tears">Trail of Tears</a>. The tribe also includes descendants of <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Freedmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee Freedmen">Cherokee Freedmen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natchez_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Natchez Nation">Natchez Nation</a>. As of 2024, over 466,000 people were enrolled in the Cherokee Nation. </p><p>Headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Tahlequah,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlequah, Oklahoma">Tahlequah, Oklahoma</a>, the Cherokee Nation has a <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">reservation</a> spanning 14 counties in the northeastern corner of Oklahoma. These are <a href="/wiki/Adair_County,_Oklahoma" title="Adair County, Oklahoma">Adair</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Cherokee County, Oklahoma">Cherokee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_County,_Oklahoma" title="Craig County, Oklahoma">Craig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Delaware County, Oklahoma">Delaware</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mayes_County,_Oklahoma" title="Mayes County, Oklahoma">Mayes</a>, <a href="/wiki/McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma" title="McIntosh County, Oklahoma">McIntosh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Muskogee County, Oklahoma">Muskogee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nowata_County,_Oklahoma" title="Nowata County, Oklahoma">Nowata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Ottawa County, Oklahoma">Ottawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rogers_County,_Oklahoma" title="Rogers County, Oklahoma">Rogers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Sequoyah County, Oklahoma">Sequoyah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa County, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma" title="Wagoner County, Oklahoma">Wagoner</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Oklahoma" title="Washington County, Oklahoma">Washington</a> counties. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_18th_century_through_1907">Late 18th century through 1907</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Late 18th century through 1907"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_(1794%E2%80%931907)" title="Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)">Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)</a></div> <p>After Cherokee removal on the <a href="/wiki/Trail_of_Tears" title="Trail of Tears">Trail of Tears</a>, the Cherokee Nation existed in <a href="/wiki/Indian_Territory" title="Indian Territory">Indian Territory</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> promised the Cherokee Nation "a permanent homeland" in an 1866 treaty. In exchange, the Cherokee Nation (and the other four of the <a href="/wiki/Five_Civilized_Tribes" title="Five Civilized Tribes">Five Civilized Tribes</a>) gave the United States parts of its western territory that were then organized into <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Territory" title="Oklahoma Territory">Oklahoma Territory</a>. Unlike most reservations, the Cherokee Nation owned <a href="/wiki/Fee_simple" title="Fee simple">fee simple</a> title to its lands, and they were not held in trust by the United States. While the <a href="/wiki/General_Allotment_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="General Allotment Act">General Allotment Act</a> had exceptions for the Five Tribes, later acts forced the Cherokee Nation to allot its reservation to members. In 1906, Congress enacted the Five Tribes Act which contemplated the dissolution of tribes, but also included a clause stating "the tribal existence and present tribal governments of [the Five Tribes] are hereby continued in full force and effect for all purposes authorized by law.” In the early 20th century, courts interpreted the legislation as having dissolved tribal governments, but by the late 1970s courts shifted their interpretations to finding tribal government had never been disestablished.<sup id="cite_ref-Cleary1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cleary1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chief_appointment_era_and_restoration_of_elections">Chief appointment era and restoration of elections</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Chief appointment era and restoration of elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the near dissolution of the tribal government of the Cherokee Nation in the 1900s and the death of <a href="/wiki/William_Charles_Rogers" title="William Charles Rogers">William Charles Rogers</a> in 1917, the Federal government began to appoint chiefs to the Cherokee Nation in 1919. The service time for each appointed chief was so brief that it became known as "Chief for a Day". Six men fell under this category, the first being A. B. Cunningham, who served from November 8 to November 25.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1930s, the <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> administration worked to improve conditions by supporting the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Reorganization_Act" title="Indian Reorganization Act">Indian Reorganization Act</a> of 1934, which encouraged tribes to reconstitute their governments and write constitutions. On August 8, 1938, the tribe convened a general convention in <a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_Oklahoma" title="Fairfield, Oklahoma">Fairfield, Oklahoma</a> to elect a Chief. They chose <a href="/wiki/J._B._Milam" title="J. B. Milam">J. B. Milam</a> as principal chief.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Franklin D. Roosevelt confirmed the election in 1941. <a href="/wiki/W._W._Keeler" title="W. W. Keeler">W. W. Keeler</a> was appointed chief in 1949. After the U.S. government under President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> had adopted a <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> policy, the nation was able to rebuild its government. The people elected <a href="/wiki/W._W._Keeler" title="W. W. Keeler">W. W. Keeler</a> as chief. Keeler, who was also the president of <a href="/wiki/Phillips_Petroleum" class="mw-redirect" title="Phillips Petroleum">Phillips Petroleum</a>, was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Ross_Swimmer" title="Ross Swimmer">Ross Swimmer</a>. In 1975, the tribe drafted a constitution, under the name Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, which was ratified on June 26, 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1985 <a href="/wiki/Wilma_Mankiller" title="Wilma Mankiller">Wilma Mankiller</a> was elected as the first female chief of the Cherokee Nation.<sup id="cite_ref-hall_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hall-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Constitutional_crisis">Constitutional crisis</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Constitutional crisis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cherokee Nation was seriously destabilized in May 1997 in what was variously described as either a nationalist "uprising" or an "anti-constitutional coup" instigated by <a href="/wiki/Joe_Byrd_(Cherokee_chief)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Byrd (Cherokee chief)">Joe Byrd</a>, the Principal Chief.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elected in 1995, Byrd became locked in a battle of strength with the judicial branch of the Cherokee tribe. The crisis came to a head on March 22, 1997, when Byrd said in a press conference that he would decide which orders of the Cherokee Nation's Supreme Court were lawful and which were not.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A simmering crisis continued over Byrd's creation of a private, armed <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">paramilitary</a> force. On June 20, 1997, his private militia illegally seized custody of the Cherokee Nation Courthouse from its legal caretakers and occupants, the Cherokee Nation Marshals, the Judicial Appeals Tribunal, and its court clerks.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They ousted the lawful occupants at gunpoint. Immediately the court demanded that the courthouse be returned to the judicial branch of the Cherokee Nation, but these requests were ignored by Byrd.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Federal authorities of the United States initially refused to intervene because of potential breach of tribal <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a>. </p><p>The State of Oklahoma recognized that Byrd's activities were breaches in state law. By August 1997, it sent in state troopers and specialist anti-<a href="/wiki/Terrorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist">terrorist</a> teams. Byrd was required to attend a meeting in Washington, DC with the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a>, at which he was compelled to reopen the courts. He served the remainder of his elected term. In 1999, Byrd lost the election for Principal Chief to <a href="/wiki/Chad_Smith_(politician)" title="Chad Smith (politician)">Chad Smith</a> but was elected to the Tribal Council in 2013. </p><p>A new constitution was drafted in 1999 that included mechanisms for voters to remove officials from offices, changed the structure of the tribal council, and removed the need to ask the Bureau of Indian Affairs' permission to amend the constitution. The tribe and Bureau of Indian Affairs negotiated changes to the new constitution, and it was ratified in 2003. Confusion resulted when the <a href="/wiki/US_Secretary_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="US Secretary of the Interior">US Secretary of the Interior</a> would not approve it.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To overcome the impasse, the Cherokee Nation voted by referendum to amend its 1975/1976 Constitution "to remove Presidential approval authority," allowing the tribe to independently ratify and amend its own constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of August 9, 2007, the BIA gave the Cherokee Nation consent to amend its Constitution without approval from the Department of the Interior.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Freedmen_rights_revoked">Freedmen rights revoked</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Freedmen rights revoked"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Freedmen_Controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee Freedmen Controversy">Cherokee Freedmen Controversy</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_freedmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee freedmen">Cherokee freedmen</a>, descendants of <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a> slaves owned by citizens of the Cherokee Nation during the <a href="/wiki/Antebellum_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Antebellum Period">Antebellum Period</a>, were first guaranteed Cherokee citizenship under a new treaty made in 1866 with the United States. This was in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, when the US emancipated slaves by passing a constitutional amendment granting freedmen citizenship in the United States. In reaching peace with the Cherokees, who had sided with the Confederates, the US government required that they end slavery and grant full citizenship to freedmen living within their nation. Those who left could become United States citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, despite "the promises of the 1866 treaty, the freedmen were never fully accepted as citizens of the Cherokee Nation" during the 19th and 20th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A sizable number of Freedmen "were ignorant of the treaty clause which provided for their right of incorporation into the tribe."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In practice, enrollment in the Cherokee Nation rolls was often strongly influenced by race. During creation of the <a href="/wiki/Dawes_Rolls" title="Dawes Rolls">Dawes Rolls</a> prior to allotment of tribal communal lands to households, many freedmen and Afro-Cherokees were listed separately from Cherokee by blood, regardless of their ancestry or culture. As a result, they did not receive land allotments and later were for a time excluded from tribal membership.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 20th century, the Cherokee Nation passed a law to limit membership to descendants of those listed as "Cherokee by blood" on the <a href="/wiki/Dawes_Rolls" title="Dawes Rolls">Dawes Rolls</a>, excluding numerous African Americans and Afro-Cherokees who had been members of the tribe. In a recognition of Cherokee sovereignty, in 1989 the federal court in the Freedmen case of <i>Nero v. Cherokee Nation</i> held that the Cherokee Nation could legally determine its own citizenship requirements, even if that meant excluding descendants of freedmen who had formerly been considered citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Freedmen_rights_restored">Freedmen rights restored</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Freedmen rights restored"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Freedmen_Controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee Freedmen Controversy">Cherokee Freedmen Controversy</a></div> <p>But on March 7, 2006, the Cherokee Nation Judicial Appeal Tribunal ruled that the Cherokee Freedmen were eligible for Cherokee citizenship. The Cherokee Freedman had historically been recorded as "citizens" of the Cherokee Nation since 1866, and their ancestors were recorded on the <a href="/wiki/Dawes_Commission" title="Dawes Commission">Dawes Commission</a> Land Rolls (although generally in the category of Cherokee Freedmen, even if they qualified as "Cherokee by blood", as many did.) The ruling "did not limit membership to people possessing Cherokee blood," as some freedmen and their descendants had never intermarried with Cherokees.<sup id="cite_ref-Freedman-Decision_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Freedman-Decision-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Well-known genealogist, historian, and Freedmen advocate <a href="/wiki/David_Cornsilk" title="David Cornsilk">David Cornsilk</a> notes that other historical citizenship bases are still excluded to this day (such as an ancestor tied to an older roll).<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On May 15, 2007, the Cherokee Nation Tribal Courts reinstated the Cherokee Freedmen as citizens while appeals were pending in the Cherokee Nation Courts and Federal Court.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On May 22, 2007, the Cherokee Nation received notice from the United States <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a> that the BIA and Federal Government had denied the amendment to the 1975 Cherokee Nation Constitution because it required BIA approval, which had not been obtained. The BIA also noted that the Cherokee Nation had excluded the Cherokee Freedmen from voting on the amendment. On this issue, the Cherokee Nation Supreme Court ruled that the Cherokee Nation could take away the approval authority which it had previously granted the federal government. Pending the resolution of litigation, the Cherokee Freedman had all rights as full Cherokee Nation citizens, including voting rights and access to tribal services.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 2011, the tribal district court ruled that the special election in 2007 on the constitutional amendment was unconstitutional, as it excluded Freedmen from voting. The Nation appealed. On August 22, 2011, the Cherokee Supreme Court upheld the results of the 2007 special election. Chuck Trimble, a former executive director of the <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_American_Indians" title="National Congress of American Indians">National Congress of American Indians</a>, characterized the decision as the "Cherokee <a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott" title="Dred Scott">Dred Scott</a> Decision", for depriving a group of citizenship.<sup id="cite_ref-Trimble_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trimble-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the same time, the Cherokee Supreme Court ordered a special run-off election to be held September 24, 2011 to settle the office of Principal Chief. Earlier voting in this year's election had been so close that the incumbent Chad Smith and challenger <a href="/wiki/Bill_John_Baker" title="Bill John Baker">Bill John Baker</a>, longtime Cherokee National Council member, had each twice been declared the winner. On September 11, the Nation sent letters to Freedmen, notifying them of their loss of citizenship and voting rights. The US <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Housing and Urban Development">Department of Housing and Urban Development</a> froze $33 million in funds to the Cherokee Nation while studying the case, pursuant to a stipulation in the 2008 congressional renewal of Self-Determination Act. On September 13, 2011, the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of the Interior">Department of the Interior</a> strongly urged the Cherokee Nation to restore voting rights and benefits to descendants of Cherokee Freedmen, including the right to vote in the special election for principal chief, at the risk of violating its constitution and the US Constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 14, the Cherokee AG recommended reinstatement of the Freedmen, pending a hearing for oral arguments.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 20, Judge Henry Kennedy of the US District Court announced the Cherokee Nation, Freedmen plaintiffs and US government had come to an agreement in a preliminary hearing to allow the Freedmen to vote, with voting to continue through October 5 if necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 30, 2017, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> ruled in favor of the Freedmen descendants and the U.S. Department of the Interior, granting the Freedmen descendants full rights to citizenship in the Cherokee Nation. The Cherokee Nation has accepted this decision, effectively ending the dispute. </p><p>In 2021, <a href="/wiki/Shawna_Baker" title="Shawna Baker">Shawna Baker</a>, a justice on the Cherokee Nation Supreme Court, published the written opinion, <i>Effect of Cherokee Nation v. Nash & Vann v. Zinke</i>, CNSC-2017-07. The Supreme Court then ruled to remove the words "by blood" from its constitution and other legal doctrines because "[t]he words, added to the constitution in 2007, have been used to exclude Black people whose ancestors were enslaved by the tribe from obtaining full Cherokee Nation citizenship rights."<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, all citizenship is still based on finding an ancestor tied to the Dawes Rolls, which is not without its own controversy apart from blood quantum.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some people of descent are still excluded, like the author <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shonda_Buchanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shonda Buchanan (page does not exist)">Shonda Buchanan</a> who states in her memoir <i>Black Indian</i> that she has ancestors on Cherokee Rolls that were not the Dawes, so would thus still not be recognized.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The changes to the Cherokee Nation constitution are still being challenged after the change, most recently by Robin Mayes who appealed for a new election.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 13, 2021, <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Vann" title="Marilyn Vann">Marilyn Vann</a> became the first Cherokee Freedmen descendant to be confirmed to a Cherokee government commission when she was appointed to the Environmental Protection Commission by Principal Chief <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Hoskin_Jr." title="Chuck Hoskin Jr.">Chuck Hoskin Jr.</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Same-sex_marriage">Same-sex marriage</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Same-sex marriage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On June 14, 2004, the Cherokee Nation Tribal Council voted to officially define marriage as a union between a woman and man, thereby excluding <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a>. This decision came in response to an application by a lesbian couple submitted on May 13. The decision kept Cherokee law in line with Oklahoma state law, which in 2004 passed a referendum on a constitutional amendment excluding gay marriage as legal. </p><p>On December 9, 2016, same-sex marriage was legalized through an opinion by Todd Hembree, the Cherokee Nation's attorney general. In the opinion, Hembree stated that the 2004 law violated the Cherokee Constitution, which requires equal treatment of tribal citizens. He issued the opinion because the director of the tribe's tax commission sought a decision as to whether the tribe could issue a vehicle tag to a same-sex couple married outside the tribe's jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Reservation_reconstituted">Reservation reconstituted</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reservation reconstituted"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On July 9, 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">United States Supreme Court</a> ruled in a 5–4 decision that the original treaties, and promise of a reservation, with the Five Civilized Tribes (specifically the <a href="/wiki/Muscogee" title="Muscogee">Muscogee</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/McGirt_v._Oklahoma" title="McGirt v. Oklahoma">McGirt v. Oklahoma</a></i>) were never withdrawn. This decision allowed for the restoration of the reservation status of the Cherokee Nation in a later decision. The majority opinion was held by justices <a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-U.S_Supreme_Court_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-U.S_Supreme_Court-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hogner v. Oklahoma was decided on March 11, 2021 in <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Courts" class="mw-redirect" title="Oklahoma Courts">Oklahoma Courts</a> and found that the Cherokee Nation "reservation was established and had never been disestablished."<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cherokee Nation Principal Chief <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Hoskin,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Chuck Hoskin, Jr.">Chuck Hoskin, Jr.</a> said: "We have long held that Cherokee Nation has a reservation, rooted in our treaties, as the Supreme Court of the United States has now affirmed" and "This proposed legislation will cement our reservation boundaries and the broad tribal jurisdiction the Supreme Court recognized in the McGirt decision. We will continue to work with the state of Oklahoma and our federal partners to ensure the safety of the public."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_Keetoowah_Band_of_Cherokee_Indians" title="United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians">United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians</a> claims it has rights to the reservation as well as a "successor of interest" because they allege the original Cherokee Nation was "sunset" after "the last of its original members who signed the Dawes Roll died in 2012 at age 107." Therefore, the current Cherokee Nation is no longer the same Cherokee Nation that made the agreements with the federal government, it is only a "successor" like the UKB are.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the Cherokee Nation has argued the United Keetoowah Band's argument is legally incorrect and only the Cherokee Nation has jurisdiction to the 14 county reservation and that the United Keetoowah Band only has jurisdiction over their 76-acres of <a href="/wiki/Off-reservation_trust_land" title="Off-reservation trust land">trust land</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COVID-19_pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: COVID-19 pandemic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> struck the Cherokee Nation hard in 2020. Hundreds of Cherokees lost their lives under the pandemic. On March 18, 2021, the Cherokee Nation held a memorial to remember those Cherokees lost to the virus. The memorial honored 107 Cherokees including more than 50 Cherokee first-language speaking elders.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 3, 2021, the Cherokee Nation Health Services suspended <a href="/wiki/Elective_surgery" title="Elective surgery">elective surgeries</a> after experiencing an 80% increase in <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> cases. It also activated its "surge plan" for W.W. Hastings Hospital in <a href="/wiki/Tahlequah,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlequah, Oklahoma">Tahlequah, Oklahoma</a>. The "surge plan" increases the in-patient capacity of the hospital by 50% by reallocating non-<a href="/wiki/Intensive_Care_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Intensive Care Unit">Intensive Care Unit</a> space to <a href="/wiki/Emergency_room" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency room">emergency room</a> space. The <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> <a href="/wiki/Delta_variant" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta variant">delta variant</a> accounted for 80% of new cases in the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-TW-3/8/21_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TW-3/8/21-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2018, 360,589 people were enrolled in the Cherokee Nation as citizens. Citizens live in every state, with 2018 populations of 240,417 in Oklahoma, 22,124 in California, 18,406 in Texas, 12,734 in Arkansas, 11,014 in Kansas, and less than 10,000 in each other state.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2021, enrollment reached 400,000, making the Cherokee Nation the second most populous tribe, closely behind the <a href="/wiki/Navajo_Nation" title="Navajo Nation">Navajo Nation</a>. About 140,000 citizens live in the Cherokee Nation reservation area.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, the nation's enrollment reached 450,000.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2024, the nation released updated demographics maps showing the nation's total population in the United States was approximately 466,118.<sup id="cite_ref-2024Demographics_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2024Demographics-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Enrollment_for_Cherokee_Census_Card_R645_-_NARA_-_259708.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Enrollment_for_Cherokee_Census_Card_R645_-_NARA_-_259708.jpg/220px-Enrollment_for_Cherokee_Census_Card_R645_-_NARA_-_259708.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Enrollment_for_Cherokee_Census_Card_R645_-_NARA_-_259708.jpg/330px-Enrollment_for_Cherokee_Census_Card_R645_-_NARA_-_259708.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Enrollment_for_Cherokee_Census_Card_R645_-_NARA_-_259708.jpg/440px-Enrollment_for_Cherokee_Census_Card_R645_-_NARA_-_259708.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4275" data-file-height="2233" /></a><figcaption>Example of a Cherokee census card for <a href="/wiki/Fairland,_Oklahoma" title="Fairland, Oklahoma">Fairland, Oklahoma</a> from the first few years of the 20th century.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citizenship_requirements">Citizenship requirements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Citizenship requirements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Freedmen_rights_restored">Cherokee Nation § Freedmen rights restored</a></div> <p>To be considered a citizen in the Cherokee Nation, an individual needs a direct ancestor listed on the <a href="/wiki/Dawes_Rolls" title="Dawes Rolls">Dawes Rolls</a> as a citizen of the Nation, whether as a Cherokee Indian or as one of the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Freedmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee Freedmen">Cherokee Freedmen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tribe has members who also have some degree of African, Latino, Asian, European, and other ancestries. In the case of the Cherokee Freedmen, members may be predominantly or wholly African American. Members of the <a href="/wiki/Natchez_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Natchez Nation">Natchez Nation</a> joined the Cherokee Nation, as did other southeastern tribes in the 18th century. <sup id="cite_ref-Mooney_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mooney-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the <a href="/wiki/United_Keetoowah_Band_of_Cherokee_Indians" title="United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians">United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians</a> (UKB) and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Band_of_Cherokee_Indians" title="Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians">Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians</a> (EBCI), blood quantum is not a factor in Cherokee Nation tribal citizenship eligibility. Neither is race, though race came into play when creating the Dawes Roll, where legitimate "Cherokee citizens of mixed blood who could get away with it were enrolled as less Cherokee than they really were in order to be able to sell or lease their land sooner" and some "whites without a legitimate claim were falsely enrolled."<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Criticism_of_the_Dawes_Rolls">Criticism of the Dawes Rolls</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Criticism of the Dawes Rolls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Author Robert J. Conley has critiqued the use of the Dawes Roll to determine membership, stating that at one point he was only a registered voter in the Nation but did not actually hold a CDIB card as required by the nation, leading him to leave the tribe for the UKB, which required less "documentation" at the time, but still required blood quantum. Conley condemns the Dawes Rolls for "being inefficient, faulty, even fraudulent" and stating that if "the Cherokee Nation is really serious about exercising its sovereignty and determining its membership," then it should not use the roll that "was put together by the U.S. government and then closed by the U.S. government," meaning that the nation is "not allowed to have [a current roll] by the U.S. Congress" and therefore is still subject to the settler definitions of its members.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars like Osage Nation member <a href="/wiki/George_Tinker" title="George Tinker">Tink Tinker</a>, critique tribes for functioning like a state, labeling it a "European construct" and wishing tribes would turn their attention from "reforming the state to (re)building the ‘small, local, autonomous communities’ that flourished around the world prior to 1492." They believe that this "would allow actual indigenous sovereignty and self-determination" and that "history tells us that nations and peoples can be organized in multiple and overlapping ways. Territories have long been shared between peoples, and individuals have often identified themselves within networks of relationships rather than as subjects of a particular state sovereign."<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Basing citizenship off the Dawes Rolls and other rolls is what scholar Fay A. Yarbrough calls "dramatically different from older conceptions of Cherokee identity based on clan relationship’s, in which individuals could be fully Cherokee without possessing any Cherokee ancestry" and that by the tribe later "developing a quantifiable definition of Cherokee identity based on ancestry", this "would dramatically affect the process of enrollment late in the nineteenth century and the modern procedure of obtaining membership in the Cherokee Nation, both of which require tracing and individuals’ lineage to a ‘Cherokee by blood.’" Thus, the Dawes Roll itself still upholds "by blood" language and theory.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mark Edwin Miller acknowledges in his work that many of descent people left the tribes and "assimilated into existing, non-tribal (if also nonwhite) communities," and thus, without a tribe, cannot be recognized by the BIA.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Miller also states that even "so-called purely ‘descendancy’ tribes such as the Five Tribes with no blood quantum requirement jealously guard some proven, documentary link by blood to distant ancestors. More than any single BIA requirement, however, this criterion has proven troublesome for southeastern groups [seeking federal recognition] because of its reliance on non-Indian records and the confused (and confusing) nature of surviving documents."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg/250px-Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg/375px-Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg/500px-Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_National_Capitol" title="Cherokee National Capitol">Cherokee Nation Historic Courthouse</a> in Tahlequah, built in 1849, is the oldest public building standing in the state of Oklahoma.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Constitution_of_the_Cherokee_Nation_1999.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Constitution_of_the_Cherokee_Nation_1999.pdf/page1-220px-Constitution_of_the_Cherokee_Nation_1999.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Constitution_of_the_Cherokee_Nation_1999.pdf/page1-330px-Constitution_of_the_Cherokee_Nation_1999.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Constitution_of_the_Cherokee_Nation_1999.pdf/page1-440px-Constitution_of_the_Cherokee_Nation_1999.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1275" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption>The 1999 revision of the Cherokee Nation constitution</figcaption></figure> <p>The Cherokee Nation has legislative, executive and judicial branches with executive power vested in the <a href="/wiki/Principal_Chiefs_of_the_Cherokee" class="mw-redirect" title="Principal Chiefs of the Cherokee">Principal Chief</a>, legislative power in the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_Tribal_Council" title="Cherokee Nation Tribal Council">Tribal Council</a>, and judicial power in the Tribal Supreme Court. The Principal Chief, Deputy Chief, and Tribal Council are elected to four-year terms by the registered tribal voters over the age of 18.<sup id="cite_ref-Lemont_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lemont-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nation's current system of government was established by the constitution of 1999, which was adopted by tribal citizens in 2003, and implemented in 2006. Every 20 years, the constitution requires a vote among tribal members, to decide whether a new constitutional convention should be held.<sup id="cite_ref-Snell_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snell-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress of the United States">Congress of the United States</a>, the federal courts, and state courts have repeatedly upheld the sovereignty of Native Tribes, defining their relationship in political rather than racial terms, and have stated it is a compelling interest of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This principle of self-government and tribal sovereignty is controversial. According to the <a href="/wiki/Boston_College" title="Boston College">Boston College</a> sociologist and Cherokee, Eva Marie Garroutte, up to 32 separate definitions of "Indian" are used in federal legislation, as of a 1978 congressional survey.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1994 Federal Legislation AIRFA (<a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Religious_Freedom_Act" title="American Indian Religious Freedom Act">American Indian Religious Freedom Act</a>) defines an Indian as one who belongs to an Indian Tribe, which is a group that "is recognized as eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_branch">Legislative branch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Legislative branch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_Tribal_Council" title="Cherokee Nation Tribal Council">Cherokee Nation Tribal Council</a></div> <p>The council is the legislative branch of government. One councilor is elected to represent each of the 15 districts of the Cherokee Nation in the 14 county tribal jurisdictional area. Two tribal council members represent the <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> citizenry – those who live outside the tribe's 14-county jurisdictional area in northeastern Oklahoma. The 17 councilors total are elected to staggered four-year terms.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deputy chief serves as president of the council, and casts tie-breaking votes when necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-Lemont_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lemont-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Tribal Councilors </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>District</th> <th>Councilor</th> <th>First Elected</th> <th>Next Re-election Year</th> <th>Officers </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sasha_Blackfox-Qualls" title="Sasha Blackfox-Qualls">Sasha Blackfox-Qualls</a></td> <td>2023</td> <td>2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Candessa_Tehee" title="Candessa Tehee">Candessa Tehee</a></td> <td>2021</td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Hall_(politician)" title="Lisa Hall (politician)">Lisa Hall</a></td> <td>2023</td> <td>2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Mike Dobbins</td> <td>2021</td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/E._O._Smith_(Cherokee_politician)" title="E. O. Smith (Cherokee politician)">E. O. Smith</a></td> <td>2021</td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daryl_Legg" title="Daryl Legg">Daryl Legg</a></td> <td>2019</td> <td>2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Joshua Sam</td> <td>2021</td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>Codey Poindexter</td> <td>2023</td> <td>2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mike_Shambaugh" title="Mike Shambaugh">Mike Shambaugh</a></td> <td>2017</td> <td>2025</td> <td>Council Speaker </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Melvina_Shotpouch" title="Melvina Shotpouch">Melvina Shotpouch</a></td> <td>2021</td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kendra_McGeady" title="Kendra McGeady">Kendra McGeady</a> (pending confirmation)</td> <td>2024</td> <td>2025</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dora_Patzkowski" title="Dora Patzkowski">Dora Patzkowski</a></td> <td>2019</td> <td>2027</td> <td>Secretary </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Deere" title="Joe Deere">Joe Deere</a></td> <td>2019</td> <td>2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td>Kevin Easley Jr.</td> <td>2023</td> <td>2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td>Danny Callison</td> <td>2021</td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td>At-Large</td> <td>Johnny Jack Kidwell</td> <td>2021</td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td>At-Large</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Julia_Coates" title="Julia Coates">Julia Coates</a></td> <td>2019</td> <td>2027 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Executive_branch">Executive branch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Executive branch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CherokeeMarshalPatchByPhilKonstantin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CherokeeMarshalPatchByPhilKonstantin.jpg/250px-CherokeeMarshalPatchByPhilKonstantin.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/CherokeeMarshalPatchByPhilKonstantin.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="373" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption>Cherokee Nation Marshal Service Patch</figcaption></figure> <p>The principal chief is the head of the executive branch of the Cherokee National Government, responsible for overseeing an annual budget of over $600 million and more than 3,000 full-time employees. The current Principal Chief, <a href="/wiki/2019_Cherokee_Nation_principal_chief_election" title="2019 Cherokee Nation principal chief election">elected June 1, 2019</a>, is <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Hoskin_Jr." title="Chuck Hoskin Jr.">Chuck Hoskin Jr.</a>, who formerly held the office of <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee Nation Secretary of State">Cherokee Nation Secretary of State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deputy chief acts as the chief in his or her absence. The chief is assisted in managing the executive branch by the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Marshal, the Treasurer, and several group leaders. The government's functions are divided into several Groups, each headed by a Group Leader. These groups are further divided into several Service Areas which provide governmental services to the Cherokee people. As of July 2011, there are fifteen groups: </p> <ul><li>Education Services Group – oversees all early childhood development programs, cultural and historical preservation efforts, higher education scholarships, and operates several schools for Cherokee students</li> <li>Health Services Group – provides direct care and community health services, including the operation of eight regional health clinics and one central hospital facility</li> <li>Financial Resources Group – central accounting, budgeting, and acquisition services for the entire Government</li> <li>Community Services Group – provides public transit services, constructs road and sanitary sewer infrastructure projects, environmental health services, and self-help housing assistance</li> <li>Management Resources Group – provides centralized support services to the entire government, including facilities management, risk management, natural resources preservation, and long range planning and development</li> <li>Commerce Services Group – operates the Nation's Small Business Assistance Center which provides financial support to Cherokee-owned business, provides mortgage assistance to Cherokee homebuyers, and promotes cultural tourism</li> <li>Human Services Group – provides family assistance programs, child support services, child care centers, child welfare and protective services, and veterans affairs services</li> <li>Government Resources Group – oversees funds received from the Federal Government, manages all Tribal property, and oversees Tribal registration</li> <li>Housing Services Group – operates low-income and elderly rental property for citizens, provides rehabilitation to private homes, provides mortgage assistance to citizens, and provides subsidy for rental properties</li> <li>Career Services Group – provides job training, job relocation assistance, vocational rehabilitation, and operates "Talking Leaves" <a href="/wiki/Job_Corps" title="Job Corps">Job Corps</a> Facility</li> <li>Leadership Services Group – operates the Cherokee Ambassador program, manages the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_National_Youth_Choir" title="Cherokee National Youth Choir">Cherokee National Youth Choir</a>, the Cherokee Youth Leadership Council, and various Summer Camps</li> <li>Office of the Attorney General – provides legal advice and representation to the Tribe and prosecutes violators of Tribal law</li> <li>Cherokee Marshal Service – provides full service law enforcement services to the Nation</li> <li>Human Resources Group – provides centralize personnel management for all employee recruitment and management affairs of the government</li> <li>Information Systems Group – provides centralized information technology management for the government</li></ul> <p>The executive branch is also composed of five independent agencies that exercise power autonomously from the control of the Principal Chief: </p> <ul><li>Tax Commission</li> <li>Election Commission</li> <li>Environmental Protection Commission</li> <li>Gaming Commission</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Phoenix" title="Cherokee Phoenix">The Cherokee Phoenix</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial_branch">Judicial branch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Judicial branch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The judicial branch of tribal government includes the District Court and Supreme Court, which is comparable to the U.S. Supreme Court. The Supreme Court consists of five members who are appointed by the Principal Chief to ten-year, staggered terms and confirmed by the council. It is the highest court of the Cherokee Nation and oversees internal legal disputes and appeals from the District Court. The District Court hears all cases brought before it under jurisdiction of the Cherokee Nation Judicial Code. The Court on the Judiciary is a seven-member body which oversees the judicial system. It consists of two members appointed by each of the three branches of government; one of the two must be a lawyer and the other must not be. A seventh member is chosen jointly by the three branches of government.<sup id="cite_ref-Lemont_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lemont-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Current members of the Cherokee Nation Supreme Court are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Glory-Jordan" title="Tina Glory-Jordan">Tina Glory-Jordan</a><sup id="cite_ref-:02_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mark L. Dobbins<sup id="cite_ref-CNSC_Judges_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNSC_Judges-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>John C. Garrett<sup id="cite_ref-CNSC_Judges_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNSC_Judges-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawna_Baker" title="Shawna Baker">Shawna Baker</a><sup id="cite_ref-CNSC_Judges_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNSC_Judges-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rex Earl Starr<sup id="cite_ref-CNSC_Judges_66-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNSC_Judges-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S_House_of_Representatives_delegate">U.S House of Representatives delegate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: U.S House of Representatives delegate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_delegate_to_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Cherokee delegate to the United States House of Representatives">Cherokee delegate to the United States House of Representatives</a></div> <p>The Cherokee Nation also has the right to appoint a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a>, per the 1835 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_New_Echota" title="Treaty of New Echota">Treaty of New Echota</a>. In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Teehee" title="Kimberly Teehee">Kimberly Teehee</a> was appointed the first ever delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from the Cherokee Nation, in accordance with the 1835 treaty, though Congress has not yet seated her.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Services">Services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2014<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Cherokee Seed Project of the Natural Resources Department offers "two breeds of corn, two kinds of beans (including <a href="/wiki/Trail_of_Tears" title="Trail of Tears">Trail of Tears</a> beans), two gourds and medicinal tobacco" to Cherokee Nation members.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eleven satellite communities have been organized by the tribe in areas of high Cherokee Nation populations. These communities are composed of a majority of enrolled Cherokee Nation citizens. These communities are a way for enrolled Cherokee citizens to connect with Cherokee heritage and culture, and to be more politically engaged. These communities are located in Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Florida, and central Oklahoma.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Health">Health</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cherokee Nation has constructed health clinics throughout Oklahoma, contributed to community development programs, built roads and bridges, constructed learning facilities and universities for its citizens, instilled the practice of <i><a href="/wiki/Gadugi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadugi">Gadugi</a></i> and self-reliance, revitalized language immersion programs for its children and youth, and is a powerful and positive economic and political force in Eastern Oklahoma. In the early 21st century, the tribe assumed control of W. W. Hastings Hospital in Tahlequah, previously operated by the US <a href="/wiki/Indian_Health_Service" title="Indian Health Service">Indian Health Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cherokee Nation has gotten positive feedback on their COVID-19 response in comparison to the rest of the US.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intertribal_relations">Intertribal relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Intertribal relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inter-Tribal_Environmental_Council">Inter-Tribal Environmental Council</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Inter-Tribal Environmental Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 1992, the Nation has served on <a href="/wiki/Inter-Tribal_Environmental_Council" title="Inter-Tribal Environmental Council">Inter-Tribal Environmental Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ITEC_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ITEC-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mission of ITEC is to protect the health of Native Americans, their natural resources and their environment as it relates to air, land and water. To accomplish this mission, ITEC provides technical support, training, and environmental services in a variety of environmental disciplines.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intertribal_citizenship">Intertribal citizenship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Intertribal citizenship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cherokee Nation participates in numerous joint programs with the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Band_of_Cherokee_Indians" title="Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians">Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians</a>, including cultural exchange programs and joint Tribal Council meetings involving councilors from both Cherokee tribes that address issues affecting all Cherokee people. The <a href="/wiki/United_Keetoowah_Band" class="mw-redirect" title="United Keetoowah Band">United Keetoowah Band</a> tribal council unanimously passed a resolution to approach the Cherokee Nation for a joint council meeting between the two nations, as a means of "offering the olive branch,"<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inline_citation#When_you_must_use_inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Inline citation"><span title="The text near this tag needs a citation. (March 2017)">This quote needs a citation</span></a></i>]</sup> in the words of the UKB Council. While a date was set for the meeting between council members of the Cherokee Nation and UKB,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (March 2017)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> Chief <a href="/wiki/Chad_Smith_(politician)" title="Chad Smith (politician)">Chad Smith</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (March 2017)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> vetoed the meeting.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (March 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The "Loyal Shawnee," <a href="/wiki/Shawnee" title="Shawnee">Shawnee</a> people who sided with the <a href="/wiki/Union_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Army">Union Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, were forcibly removed from Kansas, and 722 Loyal Shawnee joined the Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory in 1869. In 2000, they left the Cherokee Nation and achieved independent federal recognition as the <a href="/wiki/Shawnee_Tribe" title="Shawnee Tribe">Shawnee Tribe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, a band of <a href="/wiki/Lenape" title="Lenape">Lenape</a> joined the Cherokee Nation in 1867. On July 28, 2009, they achieved independent federal recognition as the <a href="/wiki/Delaware_Tribe_of_Indians" title="Delaware Tribe of Indians">Delaware Tribe of Indians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tribal_heritage_groups">Tribal heritage groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Tribal heritage groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Heritage_Groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee Heritage Groups">Cherokee Heritage Groups</a></div> <p>Many groups have sought recognition by the federal government as Cherokee tribes, but today there are only three groups so recognized. Cherokee Nation spokesman Mike Miller has said that some groups, which he calls <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Heritage_Groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee Heritage Groups">Cherokee Heritage Groups</a>, are encouraged.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others have created controversy by their attempts to gain economically through their claims to be Cherokee. The three federally recognized groups say that only they have the legal right to present themselves as Cherokee Indian Tribes.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to 1975, the Texas Cherokees and Associate Bands-<a href="/wiki/Mount_Tabor_Indian_Community" title="Mount Tabor Indian Community">Mount Tabor Indian Community</a> (TCAB-MTIC) were considered a part of the Cherokee Nation, as reflected in briefs filed before the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Claims_Commission" title="Indian Claims Commission">Indian Claims Commission</a>. While W.W. Keeler served as Chief of the Cherokee Nation, he also was Chairman of the TCAB Executive Committee. The TCAB was formed as a political organization in 1871 by <a href="/wiki/William_Penn_Adair" title="William Penn Adair">William Penn Adair</a> and Clement Neely Vann, for descendants of the Texas Cherokees and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/bmm45">Mount Tabor Community</a>. They wanted to gain redress from treaty violations, stemming from the Treaty of Bowles Village of 1836. </p><p>Following the Cherokee Nation's 1976 ratification of their 1975 constitution, it excluded from tribal citizenship those Mount Tabor descendants whose ancestors had remained a part of the physical Mount Tabor Indian Community in <a href="/wiki/Rusk_County,_Texas" title="Rusk County, Texas">Rusk County, Texas</a>. This was based on their ancestors not having been recorded on the Final Rolls of the Five Civilized Tribes, as documented by the US government. The Mount Tabor Indian Community does not consider itself to be a Cherokee tribe and only recognizes the three federally recognized Cherokee groups as legitimate "Cherokee tribes". Although the founding families were Cherokee by blood from 1850 and into contemporary periods the community has evolved into a distinct multitribal band with large percentages of <a href="/wiki/Yowani_Choctaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Yowani Choctaw">Yowani Choctaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chickasaw" title="Chickasaw">Chickasaw</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muscogee" title="Muscogee">Muscogee</a> Creek Indians. The Mount Tabor Indian Community was recognized as a tribe by the State of Texas in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cherokee descendants of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/bmm45">Mount Tabor Indian Community</a> must trace lineal descent from one or more of the six progenitor families. All Cherokees<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> are documented through ancestral enrollment on either the Old Settler Payment Roll or the Guion Miller Roll. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cherokee Nation controls <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_Businesses" title="Cherokee Nation Businesses">Cherokee Nation Businesses</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Holding_company" title="Holding company">holding company</a> which owns companies in <a href="/wiki/Gambling" title="Gambling">gaming</a>, construction, aerospace and defense, manufacturing, technology, real estate, and healthcare industries. The Nation also operates its own housing authority and issues Tribal vehicle and boat tags. The Cherokee Nation's estimated annual economic impact is $1.06 billion on the state's economy, $401 million in salaries, and supports 13,527 Cherokee and non-Cherokee jobs.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cwy_nation_basketweaving_workshop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Cwy_nation_basketweaving_workshop.jpg/170px-Cwy_nation_basketweaving_workshop.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Cwy_nation_basketweaving_workshop.jpg/255px-Cwy_nation_basketweaving_workshop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Cwy_nation_basketweaving_workshop.jpg/340px-Cwy_nation_basketweaving_workshop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Basket_weaving" title="Basket weaving">Basket weaving</a> workshop sponsored by the nation.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Cherokee Nation council appropriates money for historic foundations concerned with the preservation of Cherokee culture, including the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Heritage_Center" title="Cherokee Heritage Center">Cherokee Heritage Center</a>. It operates living history exhibits including a reconstructed ancient Cherokee village, Adams Rural Village (a turn-of-the-century village), Nofire Farms, and the Cherokee Family Research Center for genealogy, which is open to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-CHC_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CHC-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cherokee Nation hosts the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_National_Holiday" title="Cherokee National Holiday">Cherokee National Holiday</a> on <a href="/wiki/Labor_Day" title="Labor Day">Labor Day</a> weekend each year, attracting 80,000 to 90,000 Cherokees to Tahlequah for the festivities.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Miss_Cherokee" title="Miss Cherokee">Miss Cherokee</a> is an annual competition taking place during the Cherokee National Holiday.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art">Art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cherokee Heritage Center is home to the Cherokee National Museum, which has numerous exhibitions also open to the public. The CHC is the repository for the Cherokee Nation as its National Archives. The CHC operates under the Cherokee National Historical Society, Inc., and is governed by a board of trustees with an executive committee. The nation also supports the Cherokee Nation Film Festivals in Tahlequah and participates in the Sundance Film Festival in <a href="/wiki/Park_City,_Utah" title="Park City, Utah">Park City, Utah</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music_and_dance">Music and dance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Music and dance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ethnomusicology" title="Ethnomusicology">Ethno-musicologists</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Prokosch_Kurath" title="Gertrude Prokosch Kurath">Gertrude Prokosch Kurath</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Heth" title="Charlotte Heth">Charlotte Heth</a>, a member of the Cherokee nation, undertook <a href="/wiki/Field_research" title="Field research">fieldwork</a> and academic study of Cherokee music and dance, publishing widely on the topics and, in Heth's case, teaching courses on comparative <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_music_of_North_America" title="Indigenous music of North America">American Indian music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bison">Bison</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Bison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Greeted by songs and prayers in the fall of 2014, 38 <a href="/wiki/American_bison" title="American bison">bison</a> were transferred to the tribe from <a href="/wiki/Badlands_National_Park" title="Badlands National Park">Badlands National Park</a>. The herd, which has grown to about 215 bison, roams a 500-acre pasture (200 ha) in <a href="/wiki/Bull_Hollow,_Oklahoma" title="Bull Hollow, Oklahoma">Bull Hollow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seminary_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seminary_Hall.jpg/220px-Seminary_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seminary_Hall.jpg/330px-Seminary_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seminary_Hall.jpg/440px-Seminary_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2109" data-file-height="1659" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Female_Seminary" title="Cherokee Female Seminary">Second Cherokee Female Seminary</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tahlequah,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlequah, Oklahoma">Tahlequah</a> (present-day Seminary Hall of <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_State_University" title="Northeastern State University">Northeastern State University</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The Cherokee Nation instigated a 10-year language preservation plan that involved developing new fluent speakers of the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_language" title="Cherokee language">Cherokee language</a> from childhood on up through school immersion programs, as well as a collaborative community effort to use the language at home.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This plan was part of an ambitious goal so that in 50 years, 80% or more of the Cherokee people will be fluent in the language.<sup id="cite_ref-preservation_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-preservation-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Preservation_Foundation" title="Cherokee Preservation Foundation">Cherokee Preservation Foundation</a> has invested $3 million into opening schools, training teachers, and developing curricula for language education, as well as initiating community gatherings where the language can be used.<sup id="cite_ref-preservation_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-preservation-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Formed in 2006, the Kituwah Preservation & Education Program (KPEP) of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Band_of_Cherokee_Indians" title="Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians">Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians</a>, located on the <a href="/wiki/Qualla_Boundary" title="Qualla Boundary">Qualla Boundary</a> in North Carolina, focuses on language immersion programs for children from birth to <a href="/wiki/Fifth_grade" title="Fifth grade">fifth grade</a>. It is also developing cultural resources for the general public and community language programs to foster use of the Cherokee language among adults.<sup id="cite_ref-kpep_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kpep-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Cherokee language immersion school in Tahlequah, Oklahoma educates students from pre-school through eighth grade.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several universities offer Cherokee as a second language, including the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma" title="University of Oklahoma">University of Oklahoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_State_University" title="Northeastern State University">Northeastern State University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Western_Carolina_University" title="Western Carolina University">Western Carolina University</a>. Western Carolina University (WCU) has partnered with the federally recognized <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Band_of_Cherokee_Indians" title="Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians">Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians</a> (EBCI) to promote and restore the language through the school's Cherokee Studies program. It offers classes in and about the language and culture of the Cherokee Indians.<sup id="cite_ref-wcu.edu_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wcu.edu-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WCU and the EBCI have initiated a ten-year language revitalization plan consisting of: (1) a continuation of the improvement and expansion of the EBCI Atse Kituwah Cherokee Language Immersion School, (2) continued development of Cherokee language learning resources, and (3) building a Western Carolina University programs to offer a more comprehensive language training curriculum.<sup id="cite_ref-wcu.edu_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wcu.edu-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 30, 2020, the Cherokee Nation unveiled plans for the new Durbin Feeling Language Center, a converted casino that will house all of the tribe's language programs under one roof in Tahlequah.<sup id="cite_ref-Durbin_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Durbin-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project includes five nearby houses in which native speakers will be invited to live, to facilitate interaction between native speakers and others at the facility.<sup id="cite_ref-Durbin_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Durbin-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indigenous_identity_fraud">Indigenous identity fraud</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Indigenous identity fraud"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_identity_fraud" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous identity fraud">Indigenous identity fraud</a></div> <p>On April 9, 2008, the Councils of the Cherokee Nation and the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Band_of_Cherokee_Indians" title="Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians">Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians</a> at the Joint Council Meeting held in Catoosa, Oklahoma, passed a resolution: "Opposing Fabricated Cherokee 'Tribes' and 'Indians<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>".<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It denounced further state or federal recognition of so-called Cherokee tribes or bands. These tribes committed to exposing and assisting state and federal authorities in eradicating any group that attempts or claims to operate as a government of the Cherokee people. The resolution asked that no public funding from any federal or state government should be expended on behalf of non-federally recognized Cherokee tribes or bands. The Nation stated it would call for a full accounting of all federal monies given to <a href="/wiki/State-recognized" class="mw-redirect" title="State-recognized">state-recognized</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_organizations_that_self-identify_as_Native_American_tribes" title="List of organizations that self-identify as Native American tribes">unrecognized or 501(c)(3) charitable organizations</a> that claimed any Cherokee affiliation. It called for federal and state governments to stringently apply a federal definition of "Indian", to include citizens of federally recognized Indian tribes, to prevent non-Indians from selling membership in so-called Cherokee tribes for the purpose of exploiting the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Arts_and_Crafts_Act_of_1990" title="Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990">Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990</a>. In a controversial segment that could affect Cherokee Baptist churches and charitable organizations, the resolution stated that no 501(c)(3) organization, state recognized, or unrecognized groups shall be acknowledged as Cherokee. </p><p>The resolution challenged celebrities who claim Cherokee ancestry (Examples are in the "List of self-identified Cherokees".) </p> <dl><dd>"Any individual who is not a member of a federally recognized Cherokee tribe, in academia or otherwise, is hereby discouraged from claiming to speak as a Cherokee, or on behalf of Cherokee citizens, or using claims of Cherokee heritage to advance his or her career or credentials." – <i>Joint Council of the Cherokee Nation and the Eastern Band of the Cherokee Indians</i><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>The United Keetoowah Band did not sign or approve the resolution. The Cherokee Nation acknowledges the existence of people of <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_descent" title="Cherokee descent">Cherokee descent</a> "...<span class="nowrap"> </span>in states such as Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Texas," who are Cherokee by ancestry but who are not considered citizens of the Cherokee Nation.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>There are more than 200 groups that we've been able to recognize that call themselves a Cherokee nation, tribe, or band," said Mike Miller, spokesman for the Cherokee Nation. "Only three are federally recognized, but the other groups run the gamut of intent. Some are basically heritage groups – people who have family with Cherokee heritage who are interested in the language and culture, and we certainly encourage that," said Miller. "But the problem is when you have groups that call themselves 'nation', or 'band', or 'tribe', because that implies governance.</p></blockquote> <p>In 2008, the Cherokee Nation passed the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_Truth_in_Advertising_for_Native_Art" title="Cherokee Nation Truth in Advertising for Native Art">Cherokee Nation Truth in Advertising for Native Art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-snell08_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-snell08-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This law states that only citizens of the three <a href="/wiki/Federally_recognized" class="mw-redirect" title="Federally recognized">federally recognized</a> Cherokee tribes can sell their artwork, books, or other creative works as being "Cherokee."<sup id="cite_ref-snell08_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-snell08-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cherokee Nation publishes the <i><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Phoenix" title="Cherokee Phoenix">Cherokee Phoenix</a></i>, currently a monthly newspaper. The paper has operated nearly continuously since 1828, publishing editions in both English and the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_syllabary" title="Cherokee syllabary">Cherokee syllabary</a> (also known as the Sequoyah syllabary). It holds historical significance as both the first newspaper to be published by Native Americans in the United States and the first to be published in a Native American language.<sup id="cite_ref-NGE_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NGE-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of federally recognized tribes">List of federally recognized tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">List of Indian reservations in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_American_tribes_in_Oklahoma" title="List of Native American tribes in Oklahoma">List of Native American tribes in Oklahoma</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output 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no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"U.S. Census website"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Tsaile, AZ: Navajo Community College Press, 1993: 20. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912586-76-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-912586-76-1">0-912586-76-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thorpe.ou.edu/constitution/cherokee/index.html">"Constitution of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma"</a>. Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma. 1975<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(retrieved June 21, 2009)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomano1997" class="citation news cs1">Romano, Lois (July 17, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1997/07/17/a-nation-divided/209aae32-9fc5-459f-8897-00328a9e7b64/">"A NATION DIVIDED"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 17,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cherokee+Nation+Facing+a+Crisis+Involving+Its+Tribal+Constitution&rft.date=1997-07-06&rft.aulast=Howe+Verhovek&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1997%2F07%2F06%2Fus%2Fcherokee-nation-facing-a-crisis-involving-its-tribal-constitution.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNATION" class="citation web cs1">NATION, THERE ONCE WAS A. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=There+Was+Once+A+Great+Cherokee+Nation+-+%E1%8F%8C%E1%8F%8A+%E1%8E%A2%E1%8F%B4+%E1%8E%B3%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A9%E1%8F%93+%E1%8F%A5%E1%8E%A8%E1%8F%92+%E1%8F%A3%E1%8E%B3%E1%8E%A9+%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%B0%E1%8F%9F&rft.atitle=THE+CONSTITUTIONAL+CRISIS+1995-1999&rft.aulast=NATION&rft.aufirst=THERE+ONCE+WAS+A.+GREAT+CHEROKEE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foncegreatcherokeenation.com%2Ff%2Fthe-constitutional-crisis-1995-1999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYardley1999" class="citation news cs1">Yardley, Jim (August 14, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/14/us/after-years-of-division-cherokees-get-new-leader.html">"After Years of Division, Cherokees Get a New Leader"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=After+Years+of+Division%2C+Cherokees+Get+a+New+Leader&rft.date=1999-08-14&rft.aulast=Yardley&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F08%2F14%2Fus%2Fafter-years-of-division-cherokees-get-new-leader.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hales, Donna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130129072651/http://www.muskogeephoenix.com/archivesearch/local_story_250004827.html?start:int=0">"Cherokee Constitution in doubt"</a>, <i>Muskogee Phoenix</i>. 7 September 2006 (retrieved 16 June 2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cherokee.org/TribalGovernment/Executive/CCC/ccc1999Changes.pdf">"The 1999 Constitution Cherokee Nation"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327031945/http://www.cherokee.org/TribalGovernment/Executive/CCC/ccc1999Changes.pdf">Archived</a> March 27, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Cherokee Nation</i>. (retrieved 16 June 2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071127233639/http://www.cherokee.org/docs/news/BIA_ltr_Artman_080920007_readable.pdf">"Letter from Carl Altman, 8-9-2007"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cherokee.org/docs/news/BIA_ltr_Artman_080920007_readable.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on November 27, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letter+from+Carl+Altman%2C+8-9-2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokee.org%2Fdocs%2Fnews%2FBIA_ltr_Artman_080920007_readable.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://turtletalk.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/federal-defendants-motion-to-dismiss.pdf">"Case No. 1:03CV01711 (HHK)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. June 30, 2009. p. 22<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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University of Oklahoma Press. p. 9780806130354. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780806130354" title="Special:BookSources/9780806130354"><bdi>9780806130354</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=General+Stand+Watie%27s+Confederate+Indians&rft.pages=9780806130354&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780806130354&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De3_BbNscm90C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrum1998" class="citation journal cs1">Strum, Circe (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1185118">"Blood Politics, Racial Classification, and Cherokee National Identity: The Trials and Tribulations of the Cherokee Freedmen"</a>. <i>American Indian Quarterly</i>. <b>22</b> (1/2): 230–258 (29 pages). <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1185118">1185118</a> – via JSTOR.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Indian+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Blood+Politics%2C+Racial+Classification%2C+and+Cherokee+National+Identity%3A+The+Trials+and+Tribulations+of+the+Cherokee+Freedmen&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.pages=230-258+%2829+pages%29&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1185118%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Strum&rft.aufirst=Circe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1185118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalliburton1977" class="citation book cs1">Halliburton, R. Jr. (1977). <i>Red Over Black: Black Slavery among the Cherokee Indians</i>. Greenwood Press. p. 136. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780837190341" title="Special:BookSources/9780837190341"><bdi>9780837190341</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Red+Over+Black%3A+Black+Slavery+among+the+Cherokee+Indians&rft.pages=136&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=9780837190341&rft.aulast=Halliburton&rft.aufirst=R.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholas_Frye" class="citation web cs1">Nicholas Frye. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://getd.libs.uga.edu/pdfs/frye_nikolas_k_200908_ma.pdf">"Applying for Cherokee Citizenship: Constructing Race, Nation, and Identity, 1900–1906"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Applying+for+Cherokee+Citizenship%3A+Constructing+Race%2C+Nation%2C+and+Identity%2C+1900%E2%80%931906&rft.au=Nicholas+Frye&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgetd.libs.uga.edu%2Fpdfs%2Ffrye_nikolas_k_200908_ma.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://casetext.com/case/nero-v-cherokee-nation-of-oklahoma">"Nero v. Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, 892 F.2d 1457 | Casetext Search + Citator"</a>. <i>casetext.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=casetext.com&rft.atitle=Nero+v.+Cherokee+Nation+of+Oklahoma%2C+892+F.2d+1457+%7C+Casetext+Search+%2B+Citator&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcasetext.com%2Fcase%2Fnero-v-cherokee-nation-of-oklahoma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_REPORTS2017" class="citation web cs1">Staff REPORTS (September 27, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokeephoenix.org/news/cherokee-nation-and-freedmen-a-historical-timeline/article_0adb9973-a3e4-5290-8db2-68f282c4d8a9.html">"Cherokee Nation and Freedmen: A Historical Timeline"</a>. <i>cherokeephoenix.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cherokeephoenix.org&rft.atitle=Cherokee+Nation+and+Freedmen%3A+A+Historical+Timeline&rft.date=2017-09-27&rft.au=Staff+REPORTS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokeephoenix.org%2Fnews%2Fcherokee-nation-and-freedmen-a-historical-timeline%2Farticle_0adb9973-a3e4-5290-8db2-68f282c4d8a9.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Freedman-Decision-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Freedman-Decision_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070213034721/http://www.cherokee.org/docs/news/Freedman-Decision.pdf">"Freedman Decision"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cherokee.org/docs/news/Freedman-Decision.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on February 13, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Freedman+Decision&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokee.org%2Fdocs%2Fnews%2FFreedman-Decision.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolly's_GranddaughterCornsilk" class="citation web cs1">Polly's Granddaughter; Cornsilk, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pollysgranddaughter.com/2009/12/dawes-roll-is-not-only-proof.html">"The Dawes is not the only proof"</a>. <i>Thoughts from Polly's Granddaughter</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thoughts+from+Polly%27s+Granddaughter&rft.atitle=The+Dawes+is+not+the+only+proof&rft.au=Polly%27s+Granddaughter&rft.au=Cornsilk%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pollysgranddaughter.com%2F2009%2F12%2Fdawes-roll-is-not-only-proof.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cherokee.org/home.aspx?section=story&id=oC4xHD/PhXU=">"Cherokee Courts Reinstate Freedmen"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cherokee+Courts+Reinstate+Freedmen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokee.org%2Fhome.aspx%3Fsection%3Dstory%26id%3DoC4xHD%2FPhXU%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freedmen.cherokee.org/">Citizenship Status of Non-Indians.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725085204/http://freedmen.cherokee.org/">Archived</a> July 25, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Cherokee Nation</i>. (retrieved 22 July 2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trimble-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Trimble_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ict_sbc/the-cherokee-dred-scott-decision/">Chuck Trimble, "The Cherokee Dred Scott Decision"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120722011512/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ict_sbc/the-cherokee-dred-scott-decision">Archived</a> July 22, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Indian Country Today</i>, 18 September 2011, accessed 20 September 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heraldnet.com/news/cherokees-told-to-take-back-slaves-descendants/">Associated Press, "Cherokees Told To Take Back Slaves' Descendants"</a>, 13 September 2011, <a href="/wiki/The_Everett_Herald" title="The Everett Herald">HeraldNet</a>, accessed 6 April 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-cherokees-idUSTRE78E5IX20110915">Steve Olafson, "Cherokee tribe retreats from effort to oust some members"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924155233/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/15/us-usa-cherokees-idUSTRE78E5IX20110915">Archived</a> September 24, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Reuters, 15 September 2011, accessed 20 September 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cherokee-freedmen-idUSTRE78K08D20110921">Molly O'Toole, "Cherokee tribe reaches agreement to reinstate 2,800 'Freedmen'"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924155317/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/21/us-cherokee-freedmen-idUSTRE78K08D20110921">Archived</a> September 24, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Reuters, 20 September 2011, accessed 21 September 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly2021" class="citation news cs1">Kelly, Mary Louise (February 25, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2021/02/25/971084455/cherokee-nation-strikes-down-language-that-limits-citizenship-rights-by-blood">"Cherokee Nation Strikes Down Language That Limits Citizenship Rights 'By Blood'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. NPR<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cherokee+Nation+Strikes+Down+Language+That+Limits+Citizenship+Rights+%27By+Blood%27&rft.date=2021-02-25&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Mary+Louise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2021%2F02%2F25%2F971084455%2Fcherokee-nation-strikes-down-language-that-limits-citizenship-rights-by-blood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLANDRY" class="citation news cs1">LANDRY, ALYSA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indiancountrytoday.com/archive/paying-play-indian-dawes-rolls-legacy-5-indians">"Paying to Play Indian: The Dawes Rolls and the Legacy of $5 Indians"</a>. <i>Ict News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ict+News&rft.atitle=Paying+to+Play+Indian%3A+The+Dawes+Rolls+and+the+Legacy+of+%245+Indians&rft.aulast=LANDRY&rft.aufirst=ALYSA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findiancountrytoday.com%2Farchive%2Fpaying-play-indian-dawes-rolls-legacy-5-indians&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKiel2017" class="citation book cs1">Kiel, Doug (2017). <i>The Great Vanishing Act: Blood Quantum and the Future of Native Nations</i>. Fulcrum Publishing. pp. ‘Bleeding Out: Histories and Legacies of ‘Indian Blood.’’. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781682750650" title="Special:BookSources/9781682750650"><bdi>9781682750650</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Vanishing+Act%3A+Blood+Quantum+and+the+Future+of+Native+Nations&rft.pages=%E2%80%98Bleeding+Out%3A+Histories+and+Legacies+of+%E2%80%98Indian+Blood.%E2%80%99%E2%80%99&rft.pub=Fulcrum+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781682750650&rft.aulast=Kiel&rft.aufirst=Doug&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuchanan2019" class="citation book cs1">Buchanan, Shonda (August 26, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ShyGDwAAQBAJ&q=Guion%20Miller%20African%20Eastern%20Cherokee%20Rolls"><i>Black Indian</i></a>. Wayne State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814345818" title="Special:BookSources/9780814345818"><bdi>9780814345818</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Black+Indian&rft.pub=Wayne+State+University+Press&rft.date=2019-08-26&rft.isbn=9780814345818&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=Shonda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DShyGDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DGuion%2520Miller%2520African%2520Eastern%2520Cherokee%2520Rolls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunter2021" class="citation web cs1">Hunter, Chad (June 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokeephoenix.org/cn_election_2021/candidate-s-appeal-for-new-election-denied/article_abb73016-d8fe-11eb-af7f-f30d48f374d4.html">"Candidate's appeal for new election denied"</a>. <i>Cherokee Phoenix</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cherokee+Phoenix&rft.atitle=Candidate%27s+appeal+for+new+election+denied&rft.date=2021-06-29&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokeephoenix.org%2Fcn_election_2021%2Fcandidate-s-appeal-for-new-election-denied%2Farticle_abb73016-d8fe-11eb-af7f-f30d48f374d4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunter2021" class="citation news cs1">Hunter, Chad (September 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokeephoenix.org/news/first-cherokee-of-freedmen-descent-confirmed-to-government-position/article_16c6fd68-17c6-11ec-b423-e7854bd77a9a.html">"First Cherokee of Freedmen descent confirmed to government position"</a>. Cherokee Phoenix<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cherokee+thoughts%2C+honest+and+uncensored&rft.pages=153-166&rft.pub=Norman+%3A+University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780806139432&rft.aulast=Conley&rft.aufirst=Robert+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcherokeethoughts0000conl%2Fpage%2F152%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3Dmy%2Bsister%2BCDIB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_La_Torre2021" class="citation book cs1">De La Torre, Miguel (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1192970453"><i>The Colonial Compromise: Threat of the Gospel to the Indigenous Worldview</i></a>. George E. Tinker, Miguel A. De La Torre. Lanham, Maryland: <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. p. 37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-9787-0372-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-9787-0372-8"><bdi>978-1-9787-0372-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1192970453">1192970453</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Colonial+Compromise%3A+Threat+of+the+Gospel+to+the+Indigenous+Worldview&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1192970453&rft.isbn=978-1-9787-0372-8&rft.aulast=De+La+Torre&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1192970453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYarbrough2013" class="citation book cs1">Yarbrough, Fay A. (November 21, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n1onAgAAQBAJ&q=Understanding%20Cherokee%20identity%20as%20a%20measure%20of%20ancestry%20or%20heredity"><i>Race and the Cherokee Nation Sovereignty in the Nineteenth Century</i></a>. University of Pennsylvania Press, Incorporated. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812290172" title="Special:BookSources/9780812290172"><bdi>9780812290172</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Race+and+the+Cherokee+Nation+Sovereignty+in+the+Nineteenth+Century&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=2013-11-21&rft.isbn=9780812290172&rft.aulast=Yarbrough&rft.aufirst=Fay+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn1onAgAAQBAJ%26q%3DUnderstanding%2520Cherokee%2520identity%2520as%2520a%2520measure%2520of%2520ancestry%2520or%2520heredity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2013" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Mark (August 16, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yUFuAAAAQBAJ"><i>Claiming Tribal Identity</i></a>. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 239. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780806150512" title="Special:BookSources/9780806150512"><bdi>9780806150512</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Claiming+Tribal+Identity&rft.pages=239&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=2013-08-16&rft.isbn=9780806150512&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyUFuAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2013" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Mark (August 16, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yUFuAAAAQBAJ"><i>Claiming Tribal Identity</i></a>. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780806150512" title="Special:BookSources/9780806150512"><bdi>9780806150512</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Claiming+Tribal+Identity&rft.pages=172&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=2013-08-16&rft.isbn=9780806150512&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyUFuAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lemont-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lemont_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lemont_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lemont_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLemont2006" class="citation book cs1">Lemont, Eric D. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/book/3114"><i>American Indian Constitutional Reform and the Rebuilding of Native Nations</i></a> (1st ed.). University of Texas Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780292712812" title="Special:BookSources/9780292712812"><bdi>9780292712812</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Indian+Constitutional+Reform+and+the+Rebuilding+of+Native+Nations&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780292712812&rft.aulast=Lemont&rft.aufirst=Eric+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Fbook%2F3114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Snell-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Snell_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnell2006" class="citation news cs1">Snell, Travis (July 14, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokeephoenix.org/news/jat-rules-2003-constitution-law/article_0e2baba6-721e-5d0f-a94d-9f0ed443d637.html">"JAT rules 2003 Constitution law"</a>. <i>Cherokee Phoenix</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cherokee+Phoenix&rft.atitle=JAT+rules+2003+Constitution+law&rft.date=2006-07-14&rft.aulast=Snell&rft.aufirst=Travis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokeephoenix.org%2Fnews%2Fjat-rules-2003-constitution-law%2Farticle_0e2baba6-721e-5d0f-a94d-9f0ed443d637.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nativeamericanchurch.net/stott.html">State of Utah Court Case</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929230402/http://www.nativeamericanchurch.net/stott.html">Archived</a> September 29, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Garroutte, p.16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tahlequahdailypress.com/news/tribal_news/cherokee-nation-tribal-council/article_f3ff66c4-1362-5398-a42f-fc33d01852c7.html">"Cherokee Nation Tribal Council"</a>. <i>Tahlequah Daily Press</i>. April 30, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tahlequah+Daily+Press&rft.atitle=Cherokee+Nation+Tribal+Council&rft.date=2020-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tahlequahdailypress.com%2Fnews%2Ftribal_news%2Fcherokee-nation-tribal-council%2Farticle_f3ff66c4-1362-5398-a42f-fc33d01852c7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowley2019" class="citation news cs1">Rowley, D. Sean (June 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokeephoenix.org/Article/Index/103262">"Hoskin wins Cherokee Nation principal chief race"</a>. <i>Cherokee Phoenix</i>. Tahlequah, Oklahoma<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cherokee+Phoenix&rft.atitle=Hoskin+wins+Cherokee+Nation+principal+chief+race&rft.date=2019-06-02&rft.aulast=Rowley&rft.aufirst=D.+Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokeephoenix.org%2FArticle%2FIndex%2F103262&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunter2023" class="citation web cs1">Hunter, Chad (September 5, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokeephoenix.org/news/glory-jordan-voted-in-as-cn-supreme-court-justice/article_72d32582-4c30-11ee-b4e5-475e63852aef.html">"Glory-Jordan voted in as CN Supreme Court justice"</a>. <i>cherokeephoenix.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cherokeephoenix.org&rft.atitle=Glory-Jordan+voted+in+as+CN+Supreme+Court+justice&rft.date=2023-09-05&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokeephoenix.org%2Fnews%2Fglory-jordan-voted-in-as-cn-supreme-court-justice%2Farticle_72d32582-4c30-11ee-b4e5-475e63852aef.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNSC_Judges-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNSC_Judges_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNSC_Judges_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNSC_Judges_66-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNSC_Judges_66-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokee.org/our-government/judicial-branch/">"Judicial Branch"</a>. <i>cherokee.org</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Western+Carolina+University&rft.atitle=Cherokee+Language+Revitalization+Project&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcu.edu%2Facademics%2Fdepartments-schools-colleges%2Fcas%2Fcasdepts%2Fanthsoc%2Fcherokee-studies%2Fcherokeelanguagerevitalizationproject.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Durbin-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Durbin_93-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Durbin_93-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tulsaworld.com/news/local/with-new-language-hub-cherokee-nation-hopes-to-make-ancient-language-part-of-everyday-life/article_8bbfa8d2-2ea5-11eb-a540-d73806390652.html">"With new 'language hub,' Cherokee Nation hopes to make ancient language part of everyday life again"</a>. Michael Overall, Tulsa World, November 30, 2020. November 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=With+new+%27language+hub%2C%27+Cherokee+Nation+hopes+to+make+ancient+language+part+of+everyday+life+again&rft.pub=Michael+Overall%2C+Tulsa+World%2C+November+30%2C+2020&rft.date=2020-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftulsaworld.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fwith-new-language-hub-cherokee-nation-hopes-to-make-ancient-language-part-of-everyday-life%2Farticle_8bbfa8d2-2ea5-11eb-a540-d73806390652.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090301052818/http://taskforce.cherokee.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=y%2BJcRrV4oDc%3D&tabid=106&mid=2118">"Cherokee.org"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taskforce.cherokee.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=y%2bJcRrV4oDc%3d&tabid=106&mid=2118">the original</a> on March 1, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cherokee.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaskforce.cherokee.org%2FLinkClick.aspx%3Ffileticket%3Dy%252bJcRrV4oDc%253d%26tabid%3D106%26mid%3D2118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joint Council of the Cherokee Nation and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Resolution #00-08. <i>A Resolution Opposing Fabricated Cherokee "Tribes" and "Indians"</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cherokee.org/Services/145/Page/default.aspx">Cherokee.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090221135404/http://www.cherokee.org/Services/145/Page/default.aspx">Archived</a> February 21, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-snell08-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-snell08_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-snell08_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnell2008" class="citation news cs1">Snell, Travis (September 18, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokeephoenix.org/culture/art-act-in-effect-at-holiday/article_f85a0b83-62ea-5b65-bcdc-7bc62c4ea7b7.html">"Art act in effect at holiday"</a>. <i>Cherokee Phoenix</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cherokee+Phoenix&rft.atitle=Art+act+in+effect+at+holiday&rft.date=2008-09-18&rft.aulast=Snell&rft.aufirst=Travis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cherokeephoenix.org%2Fculture%2Fart-act-in-effect-at-holiday%2Farticle_f85a0b83-62ea-5b65-bcdc-7bc62c4ea7b7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACherokee+Nation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NGE-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NGE_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-611">Angela F. Pulley, <i>Cherokee Phoenix</i></a>, <i>New Georgia Encyclopedia</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cherokee_Nation" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Cherokee Nation">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14708404" class="extiw" title="d:Q14708404">Data</a> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <dl><dt>Government</dt></dl> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cherokee.org/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cherokeesatlarge.org/">Cherokee Nation Citizens At-Large</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cherokeephoenix.org/"><i>The Cherokee Phoenix</i></a></li></ul> <dl><dt>General information</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.chicagotribune.com/keyword/cherokee-nation">Cherokee Nation</a> articles in the archive of the <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cherokeenationbusinesses.com/">Cherokee Nation Businesses</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cherokeefishandwildlife.com/">Cherokee Nation Fish and Wildlife Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cherokeenationfoundation.org/">Cherokee Nation Foundation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hacn.org/">Housing Authority of the Cherokee Nation</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians">United Keetoowah Band</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_society" title="Cherokee society">Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_National_Holiday" title="Cherokee National Holiday">National holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_calendar" title="Cherokee calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_clans" title="Cherokee clans">Clans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Principal_Chiefs_of_the_Cherokee" title="List of Principal Chiefs of the Cherokee">Chiefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadugi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadugi">Gadugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghigau" title="Ghigau">Ghigau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Corn_Ceremony" title="Green Corn Ceremony">Green Corn Ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_language" title="Cherokee language">Language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cherokee_language" title="History of the Cherokee language">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_syllabary" title="Cherokee syllabary">syllabary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_(Unicode_block)" title="Cherokee (Unicode block)">Cherokee (Unicode block)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Supplement" title="Cherokee Supplement">Cherokee Supplement (Unicode block)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Immersion_School" title="Cherokee Immersion School">Cherokee Immersion School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Kituwah_Academy" title="New Kituwah Academy">New Kituwah Academy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_marbles" title="Cherokee marbles">Marbles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_spiritual_beliefs" title="Cherokee spiritual beliefs">Spiritual beliefs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moon-eyed_people" title="Moon-eyed people">Moon-eyed people</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_ethnobotany" title="Cherokee ethnobotany">Ethnobotany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Black drink">Black drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanuchi" title="Kanuchi">Kanuchi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stomp_dance" title="Stomp dance">Stomp dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booger_dance" title="Booger dance">Booger dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Cherokee_Nation" title="Flag of the Cherokee Nation">Flag of the Cherokee Nation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legends</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ani_Hyuntikwalaski" title="Ani Hyuntikwalaski">Ani Hyuntikwalaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Woman" title="Deer Woman">Deer Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horned_Serpent" title="Horned Serpent">Horned Serpent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon-eyed_people" title="Moon-eyed people">Moon-eyed people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun%27Yunu%27Wi" title="Nun'Yunu'Wi">Nun'Yunu'Wi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BB%C3%B1n%C3%AB%27h%C3%AF" title="Nûñnë'hï">Nûñnë'hï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raven_Mocker" title="Raven Mocker">Kâ'lanû Ahkyeli'skï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spearfinger" title="Spearfinger">U'tlun'ta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsul_%27Kalu" title="Tsul 'Kalu">Tsul 'Kalu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_history" title="Cherokee history">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cherokee_history" title="Timeline of Cherokee history">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_military_history" title="Cherokee military history">military</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_treaties" title="Cherokee treaties">Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kituwa" title="Kituwa">Kituwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ani-kutani" title="Ani-kutani">Ani-kutani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skiagusta" title="Skiagusta">skiagusta (rank)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsidihi" class="mw-redirect" title="Utsidihi">outacite (rank)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raven_of_Chota" title="Raven of Chota">Raven of Chota</a></li> <li>Wars <ul><li>Tribal Wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taliwa" title="Battle of Taliwa">Battle of Taliwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Cherokee_War" title="Anglo-Cherokee War">Anglo-Cherokee War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Loudoun" title="Siege of Fort Loudoun">Siege of Fort Loudoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Echoee" title="Battle of Echoee">Battle of Echoee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_War_of_1776" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee War of 1776">Cherokee War of 1776</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee%E2%80%93American_wars" title="Cherokee–American wars">Cherokee–American wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hightower" title="Battle of Hightower">Battle of Hightower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lindley%27s_Fort" title="Battle of Lindley's Fort">Battle of Lindley's Fort</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickajack_Expedition" title="Nickajack Expedition">Nickajack Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Cherokee in the American Civil War">American Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Cherokee_Mounted_Rifles" title="1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles">1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_treaties" title="Cherokee treaties">Cherokee treaties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_New_Echota" title="Treaty of New Echota">Treaty of New Echota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tellico" title="Treaty of Tellico">Treaty of Tellico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Turkeytown" title="Treaty of Turkeytown">Treaty of Turkeytown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Dewitt%27s_Corner" title="Treaty of Dewitt's Corner">Treaty of Dewitt's Corner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hard_Labour" title="Treaty of Hard Labour">Treaty of Hard Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lochaber" title="Treaty of Lochaber">Treaty of Lochaber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hopewell" title="Treaty of Hopewell">Treaty of Hopewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Holston" title="Treaty of Holston">Treaty of Holston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_and_McMinn_Treaty" title="Jackson and McMinn Treaty">Jackson and McMinn Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvania_Colony" title="Transylvania Colony">Transylvania Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickamauga_Cherokee" title="Chickamauga Cherokee">Chickamauga Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overhill_Cherokee" title="Overhill Cherokee">Overhill Cherokee</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Phoenix" title="Cherokee Phoenix">Cherokee Phoenix</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_(1794%E2%80%931907)" title="Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)">Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_removal" title="Cherokee removal">Removal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trail_of_Tears" title="Trail of Tears">Trail of Tears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act">Indian Removal Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_descent" title="Cherokee descent">Cherokee descent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Brown_Grant_Deeds" title="Jacob Brown Grant Deeds">Jacob Brown Grant Deeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Cherokees" title="Texas Cherokees">Texas Cherokees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Heritage_Center" title="Cherokee Heritage Center">Heritage Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Preservation_Foundation" title="Cherokee Preservation Foundation">Cherokee Preservation Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_Warriors_Society" title="Cherokee Nation Warriors Society">Warriors Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_Keetoowah_Society" title="Original Keetoowah Society">Original Keetoowah Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keetoowah_Nighthawk_Society" title="Keetoowah Nighthawk Society">Keetoowah Nighthawk Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_National_Youth_Choir" title="Cherokee National Youth Choir">Youth Choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_heritage_groups" title="Cherokee heritage groups">Heritage groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Southwest_Township_(Albuquerque,_New_Mexico)" title="Cherokee Southwest Township (Albuquerque, New Mexico)">Cherokee Southwest Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oconaluftee_Indian_Village" title="Oconaluftee Indian Village">Oconaluftee Indian Village</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Unto_These_Hills" title="Unto These Hills">Unto These Hills</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Education <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Female_Seminary" title="Cherokee Female Seminary">Female Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Male_Seminary" title="Cherokee Male Seminary">Male Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Central_Schools" title="Cherokee Central Schools">Cherokee Central Schools</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_High_School_(North_Carolina)" title="Cherokee High School (North Carolina)">Cherokee High School</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sequoyah Schools <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sequoyah_High_School_(Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma)" title="Sequoyah High School (Cherokee County, Oklahoma)">Sequoyah High School</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics and law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principal_Chiefs_of_the_Cherokee" class="mw-redirect" title="Principal Chiefs of the Cherokee">Principal Chiefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_Law" title="Blood Law">Blood Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amerindian_slave_ownership#Cherokee" title="Amerindian slave ownership">Slavery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1842_Slave_Revolt_in_the_Cherokee_Nation" title="1842 Slave Revolt in the Cherokee Nation">1842 revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_freedmen_controversy" title="Cherokee freedmen controversy">freedmen controversy</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_v._Georgia" title="Cherokee Nation v. Georgia">Cherokee Nation v. Georgia</a></i> (1831)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Worcester_v._Georgia" title="Worcester v. Georgia">Worcester v. Georgia</a></i> (1832)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cherokee_Tobacco" title="The Cherokee Tobacco">The Cherokee Tobacco</a> case</i> (1871)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_of_Oklahoma_v._Leavitt" title="Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma v. Leavitt">Cherokee Nation v. Leavitt</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Commission" title="Cherokee Commission">Cherokee Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Outlet" title="Cherokee Outlet">Cherokee Strip</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Strip_(Kansas)" title="Cherokee Strip (Kansas)">in Kansas</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequoyah_Constitutional_Convention" title="Sequoyah Constitutional Convention">Sequoyah Constitutional Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns and<br /> villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Cherokee_settlements" title="Historic Cherokee settlements">Cherokee Towns (pre-Removal)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_(Tennessee)" title="Long Island (Tennessee)">Amoyeligunahita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasstown,_North_Carolina" title="Brasstown, North Carolina">Brasstown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chatuga_(Cherokee_town)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chatuga (Cherokee town) (page does not exist)">Chatuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilhowee_(Cherokee_town)" title="Chilhowee (Cherokee town)">Chilhowee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chota_(Cherokee_town)" title="Chota (Cherokee town)">Chota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conasauga,_Georgia" title="Conasauga, Georgia">Conasauga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Too-Cowee" title="Too-Cowee">Cowee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coyotee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coyotee (page does not exist)">Coyotee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crowtown,_Alabama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crowtown, Alabama (page does not exist)">Crowtown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dirt_town_(Cherokee_town)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirt town (Cherokee town) (page does not exist)">Dirt town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ducktown,_Tennessee" title="Ducktown, Tennessee">Ducktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome,_Georgia" title="Rome, Georgia">Etowah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frogtown_Creek" title="Frogtown Creek">Frogtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Hiwassee" title="Great Hiwassee">Hiwassee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiwassee_Island" title="Hiwassee Island">Hiwassee Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Island_town_(Cherokee_town)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Island town (Cherokee town) (page does not exist)">Island town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isunigu" title="Isunigu">Isunigu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joara" title="Joara">Joara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keowee" title="Keowee">Keowee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kituwa" title="Kituwa">Kituwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugartown" title="Sugartown">Kulsetsiyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Swamp_Site" title="Long Swamp Site">Long Swamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mialoquo_(Cherokee_town)" title="Mialoquo (Cherokee town)">Mialoquo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacoochee_Mound" title="Nacoochee Mound">Nacoochee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantahala,_North_Carolina" title="Nantahala, North Carolina">Nantahala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Echota" title="New Echota">New</a><a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Georgia" title="New Town, Georgia">Echota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickajack" title="Nickajack">Nickajack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikwasi" title="Nikwasi">Nikwasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nununyi" title="Nununyi">Nununyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocoee,_Tennessee" title="Ocoee, Tennessee">Ocoee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oconee_County,_South_Carolina" title="Oconee County, South Carolina">Oconee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oostanaula,_Georgia" title="Oostanaula, Georgia">Oostanaula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Clay,_Georgia" title="Red Clay, Georgia">Red Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citico_(Cherokee_town)" title="Citico (Cherokee town)">Settico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spikebuck_Town_Mound_and_Village_Site" title="Spikebuck Town Mound and Village Site">Spike Bucktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallassee_(Cherokee_town)" title="Tallassee (Cherokee town)">Talisi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talulah_(Cherokee_town)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talulah (Cherokee town) (page does not exist)">Talulah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanasi" title="Tanasi">Tanasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Tellico" title="Great Tellico">Tellico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomassee_(Cherokee_town)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomassee (Cherokee town) (page does not exist)">Tomassee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomotley" title="Tomotley">Tomotley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toqua_(Tennessee)" title="Toqua (Tennessee)">Toqua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toxoway_(Cherokee_town)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toxoway (Cherokee town) (page does not exist)">Toxoway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Elmo_Historic_District_(Chattanooga,_Tennessee)" title="St. Elmo Historic District (Chattanooga, Tennessee)">Tsatanugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuckasegee,_North_Carolina" title="Tuckasegee, North Carolina">Tuckasegee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugaloo" title="Tugaloo">Tugaloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkeytown_(Cherokee_town)" title="Turkeytown (Cherokee town)">Turkeytown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtletown,_Tennessee" title="Turtletown, Tennessee">Turtletown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_(Cherokee_town)" title="Tuskegee (Cherokee town)">Tuskegee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteside,_Tennessee" title="Whiteside, Tennessee">Running Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willstown_(Cherokee_town)" title="Willstown (Cherokee town)">Titsohili</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_(1794%E2%80%931907)" title="Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)">Cherokee Nations</a></li> <li>Western Cherokee Nation <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahlequah,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlequah, Oklahoma">Tahlequah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahlonteeskee,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlonteeskee, Oklahoma">Tahlonteeskee</a></li></ul></li> <li>Eastern Band <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee,_North_Carolina" title="Cherokee, North Carolina">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualla_Boundary" title="Qualla Boundary">Qualla Boundary</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks and<br /> memorial sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_National_Capitol" title="Cherokee National Capitol">Cherokee National Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Removal_Memorial_Park" title="Cherokee Removal Memorial Park">Cherokee Removal Memorial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chieftains_Museum" title="Chieftains Museum">Chieftains Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Cherokee_Female_Seminary_Site" title="First Cherokee Female Seminary Site">First Cherokee Female Seminary Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaculla_Rock" title="Judaculla Rock">Judaculla Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_(Tennessee)" title="Long Island (Tennessee)">Long Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ross_House_(Rossville,_Georgia)" title="John Ross House (Rossville, Georgia)">John Ross House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross%27s_Landing" title="Ross's Landing">Ross's Landing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequoyah%27s_Cabin" title="Sequoyah's Cabin">Sequoyah's Cabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellico_Blockhouse" title="Tellico Blockhouse">Tellico Blockhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_of_Tears_State_Park" title="Trail of Tears State Park">Trail of Tears State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brainerd_Mission" title="Brainerd Mission">Brainerd Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rattlesnake_Springs" title="Rattlesnake Springs">Rattlesnake Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Cass" title="Fort Cass">Fort Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Clay_State_Historic_Park" title="Red Clay State Historic Park">Red Clay State Historic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_Conrad_Cabin" title="Hair Conrad Cabin">Hair Conrad Cabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Ward_Tomb" title="Nancy Ward Tomb">Nancy Ward Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blythe_Ferry" title="Blythe Ferry">Blythe Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bussell_Island" title="Bussell Island">Bussell Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Vann_House_Historic_Site" title="Chief Vann House Historic Site">Chief Vann House Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_Rock_Archeological_District" title="Mantle Rock Archeological District">Mantle Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Cherokee_People" title="Museum of the Cherokee People">Museum of the Cherokee People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asheville,_North_Carolina" title="Asheville, North Carolina">Untokiasdiyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Stone_State_Park" title="Standing Stone State Park">Standing</a> <a href="/wiki/Monterey,_Tennessee" title="Monterey, Tennessee">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ball_Ground,_Georgia" title="Ball Ground, Georgia">Stick Ball Grounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cullasaja_River" title="Cullasaja River">Cullasaja River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuckasegee_River" title="Tuckasegee River">Tuckasegee River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oconaluftee_(Great_Smoky_Mountains)" title="Oconaluftee (Great Smoky Mountains)">Oconaluftee valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oconaluftee_River" title="Oconaluftee River">Oconaluftee River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abrams_Creek_(Tennessee)" title="Abrams Creek (Tennessee)">Abrams Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycamore_Shoals" title="Sycamore Shoals">Sycamore Shoals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trading_Path" title="Trading Path">The Great Trading Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Indian_Warpath" title="Great Indian Warpath">The Great War Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiwassee_River_Heritage_Center" title="Hiwassee River Heritage Center">Hiwassee River Heritage Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatata" title="Chatata">Chatata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townsend,_Tennessee" title="Townsend, Tennessee">Tuckaleechee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith_National_Historic_Site" title="Fort Smith National Historic Site"> Fort Smith Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Royal_State_Park" title="Port Royal State Park">Port Royal State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Civilized_Tribes_Museum" title="Five Civilized Tribes Museum">Five Civilized Tribes Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy,_North_Carolina" title="Murphy, North Carolina">Tlanusiyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Path" title="Cherokee Path">Cherokee Path</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Early leaders <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moytoy_of_Tellico" title="Moytoy of Tellico">Moytoy of Tellico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attakullakulla" title="Attakullakulla">Attakullakulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amouskositte" title="Amouskositte">Amouskositte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conocotocko_I" title="Conocotocko I">Old Hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moytoy_of_Citico" title="Moytoy of Citico">Moytoy of Citico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conocotocko_II" title="Conocotocko II">Standing Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostenaco" title="Ostenaco">Outacite of Keowee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oconostota" title="Oconostota">Oconostota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savanukah" title="Savanukah">Savanukah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Tassel" title="Old Tassel">Old Tassel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Turkey" title="Little Turkey">Little Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragging_Canoe" title="Dragging Canoe">Dragging Canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Watts_(Cherokee_chief)" title="John Watts (Cherokee chief)">Kunokeski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doublehead" title="Doublehead">Incalatanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagwadihi" title="Tagwadihi">Tagwadihi</a></li></ul></li> <li>Cherokee Nation East (1794–1839) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Fox_(Cherokee_chief)" title="Black Fox (Cherokee chief)">Enola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathkiller" title="Pathkiller">Pathkiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Tiger" title="Big Tiger">Big Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Hicks" title="Charles R. Hicks">Charles R. Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hicks_(Cherokee_chief)" title="William Hicks (Cherokee chief)">William Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ross_(Cherokee_chief)" title="John Ross (Cherokee chief)">John Ross</a></li></ul></li> <li>Cherokee Nation West (1810–1839) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Bowl_(Cherokee_chief)" title="The Bowl (Cherokee chief)">The Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takatoka" title="Takatoka">Degadoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahlonteeskee_(Cherokee_chief)" title="Tahlonteeskee (Cherokee chief)">Tahlonteeskee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jolly" title="John Jolly">John Jolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Houston" title="Sam Houston">Sam Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Looney_(Cherokee_chief)" title="John Looney (Cherokee chief)">John Looney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rogers_(Cherokee_chief)" title="John Rogers (Cherokee chief)">John Rogers</a></li></ul></li> <li>Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (1824–present) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yonaguska" title="Yonaguska">Yonaguska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Holland_Thomas" title="William Holland Thomas">William Holland Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimrod_Jarrett_Smith" title="Nimrod Jarrett Smith">Tsaladihi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Parker" title="Gerard Parker">Gerard Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Dugan" title="Joyce Dugan">Joyce Dugan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lambert" title="Patrick Lambert">Patrick Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Sneed" title="Richard Sneed">Richard Sneed</a></li></ul></li> <li>Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory (1839–1907) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Downing" title="Lewis Downing">Lewis Downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand_Watie" title="Stand Watie">Degataga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Ross" title="William P. Ross">William P. Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Thompson_(Cherokee_chief)" title="Charles Thompson (Cherokee chief)">Utselata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Bushyhead" title="Dennis Bushyhead">Dennis Bushyhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_B._Mayes" title="Joel B. Mayes">Joel B. Mayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_Harris" title="Johnson Harris">Johnson Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Houston_Mayes" title="Samuel Houston Mayes">Samuel Houston Mayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Buffington" title="Thomas Buffington">Thomas Buffington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Charles_Rogers" title="William Charles Rogers">William Charles Rogers</a></li></ul></li> <li>Cherokee Nation (1975–present) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._B._Milam" title="J. B. Milam">J. B. Milam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._W._Keeler" title="W. W. Keeler">W. W. Keeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Swimmer" title="Ross Swimmer">Ross Swimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Mankiller" title="Wilma Mankiller">Wilma Mankiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Byrd_(Cherokee_Nation_Principal_Chief)" title="Joe Byrd (Cherokee Nation Principal Chief)">Joe Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_Smith_(politician)" title="Chad Smith (politician)">Chadwick "Corntassel" Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_John_Baker" title="Bill John Baker">Bill John Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Hoskin_Jr." title="Chuck Hoskin Jr.">Chuck Hoskin Jr.</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians (1939–present) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_L._Gordon_(Cherokee_chief)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James L. Gordon (Cherokee chief) (page does not exist)">James L. Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hair_(Cherokee_chief)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hair (Cherokee chief) (page does not exist)">John W. Hair</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other notable Cherokee <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Ward" title="Nancy Ward">Nancy Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsali" title="Tsali">Tsali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahlonteeskee_(Cherokee_warrior)" title="Tahlonteeskee (Cherokee warrior)">Tahlonteeskee (warrior)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle-at-Home" title="Turtle-at-Home">Turtle-at-Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junaluska" title="Junaluska">Junaluska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goingsnake" title="Goingsnake">Goingsnake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Boudinot_(Cherokee)" title="Elias Boudinot (Cherokee)">Elias Boudinot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wauhatchie" title="Wauhatchie">Wauhatchie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Vann" title="James Vann">James Vann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Vann_(Cherokee_leader)" title="David Vann (Cherokee leader)">David Vann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Vann" title="Joseph Vann">Joseph Vann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Benge" title="Bob Benge">Bob Benge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitepath" title="Whitepath">Nunnahitsunega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ned_Christie" title="Ned Christie">Ned Christie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_(judge)" title="John Martin (judge)">John Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markwayne_Mullin" title="Markwayne Mullin">Markwayne Mullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvette_Herrell" title="Yvette Herrell">Yvette Herrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequoyah" title="Sequoyah">Sequoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_Ridge" title="Major Ridge">Major Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_McIntosh" title="Jenny McIntosh">Jenny McIntosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Sixkiller" title="Sam Sixkiller">Sam Sixkiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_V._Rogers" title="Clement V. Rogers">Clement V. Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbird_Smith" title="Redbird Smith">Redbird Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durbin_Feeling" title="Durbin Feeling">Durbin Feeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Shade" title="Hastings Shade">Hastings Shade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Teehee" title="Kimberly Teehee">Kimberly Teehee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawna_Baker" title="Shawna Baker">Shawna Baker</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also: <a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="chr:">Cherokee-language Wikipedia</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Oklahoma&#124;link=Oklahoma_Native_American_tribes_in_Oklahoma" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Native_American_Tribes_in_Oklahoma" title="Template:Native American Tribes in Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Native_American_Tribes_in_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Native American Tribes in Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Native_American_Tribes_in_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Native American Tribes in Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Oklahoma&#124;link=Oklahoma_Native_American_tribes_in_Oklahoma" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma"><img alt="Oklahoma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/45px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_American_tribes_in_Oklahoma" title="List of Native American tribes in Oklahoma">Native American tribes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of federally recognized tribes">Federally<br />recognized<br />tribes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absentee_Shawnee_Tribe_of_Indians" title="Absentee Shawnee Tribe of Indians">Absentee Shawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alabama%E2%80%93Quassarte_Tribal_Town" title="Alabama–Quassarte Tribal Town">Alabama-Quassarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plains_Apache" title="Plains Apache">Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caddo" title="Caddo">Caddo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_and_Arapaho_Tribes" title="Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes">Cheyenne and Arapaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickasaw_Nation" title="Chickasaw Nation">Chickasaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_Nation_of_Oklahoma" title="Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma">Choctaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Potawatomi_Nation" title="Citizen Potawatomi Nation">Citizen Potawatomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche" title="Comanche">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Nation" title="Delaware Nation">Delaware Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Tribe_of_Indians" title="Delaware Tribe of Indians">Delaware Tribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shawnee_Tribe_of_Oklahoma" title="Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma">Eastern Shawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Sill_Apache_Tribe" title="Fort Sill Apache Tribe">Fort Sill Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Tribe_of_Oklahoma" title="Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaw_people" title="Kaw people">Kaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kialegee_Tribal_Town" title="Kialegee Tribal Town">Kialegee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickapoo_Tribe_of_Oklahoma" title="Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma">Kickapoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiowa" title="Kiowa">Kiowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Tribe_of_Oklahoma" title="Miami Tribe of Oklahoma">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modoc_Nation" title="Modoc Nation">Modoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee_Nation" title="Muscogee Nation">Muscogee (Creek)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_Nation" title="Osage Nation">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otoe%E2%80%93Missouria_Tribe_of_Indians" title="Otoe–Missouria Tribe of Indians">Otoe-Missouria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Tribe_of_Oklahoma" title="Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_people" title="Pawnee people">Pawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria_people" title="Peoria people">Peoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponca_Tribe_of_Indians_of_Oklahoma" title="Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma">Ponca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quapaw" title="Quapaw">Quapaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sac_and_Fox_Nation" title="Sac and Fox Nation">Sac and Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminole_Nation_of_Oklahoma" title="Seminole Nation of Oklahoma">Seminole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca%E2%80%93Cayuga_Nation" title="Seneca–Cayuga Nation">Seneca-Cayuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawnee_Tribe" title="Shawnee Tribe">Shawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thlopthlocco_Tribal_Town" title="Thlopthlocco Tribal Town">Thlopthlocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkawa" title="Tonkawa">Tonkawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Keetoowah_Band_of_Cherokee_Indians" title="United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians">United Keetoowah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_people" title="Wichita people">Wichita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyandotte_Nation" title="Wyandotte Nation">Wyandotte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">Tribal languages</a><br />(still spoken)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_language" title="Alabama language">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arapaho_language" title="Arapaho language">Arapaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caddo_language" title="Caddo language">Caddo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayuga_language" title="Cayuga language">Cayuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_language" title="Cherokee language">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_language" title="Cheyenne language">Cheyenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickasaw_language" title="Chickasaw language">Chickasaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiwere_language" title="Chiwere language">Chiwere (Iowa and Otoe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_language" title="Choctaw language">Choctaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche_language" title="Comanche language">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_languages" title="Delaware languages">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koasati_language" title="Koasati language">Koasati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikasuki_language" title="Mikasuki language">Hitchiti-Mikasuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mescalero-Chiricahua_language" title="Mescalero-Chiricahua language">Mescalero-Chiricahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_language" title="Fox language">Fox (Meskwaki, Sauk, and Kickapoo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee_language" title="Muscogee language">Muscogee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_language" title="Osage language">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_dialect" title="Ottawa dialect">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_language" title="Pawnee language">Pawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha%E2%80%93Ponca_language" title="Omaha–Ponca language">Ponca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potawatomi_language" title="Potawatomi language">Potawatomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quapaw" title="Quapaw">Quapaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_language" title="Seneca language">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawnee_language" title="Shawnee language">Shawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_language" title="Wichita language">Wichita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyandot_language" title="Wyandot language">Wyandot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuchi_language" title="Yuchi language">Yuchi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Counties" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Counties" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Counties</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Adair_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adair_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Adair County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adair_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Adair County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adair_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adair County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Adair_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Adair_County,_Oklahoma" title="Adair County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Adair County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Stilwell,_Oklahoma" title="Stilwell, Oklahoma"><span>Stilwell</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stilwell,_Oklahoma" title="Stilwell, Oklahoma">Stilwell</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Adair County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Adair_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Adair_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Adair_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Adair_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Adair_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Adair_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Adair County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Watts,_Oklahoma" title="Watts, Oklahoma">Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westville,_Oklahoma" title="Westville, Oklahoma">Westville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baron,_Oklahoma" title="Baron, Oklahoma"> Baron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell,_Oklahoma" title="Bell, Oklahoma">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunch,_Oklahoma" title="Bunch, Oklahoma"> Bunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_Spring,_Oklahoma" title="Cave Spring, Oklahoma">Cave Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chance,_Oklahoma" title="Chance, Oklahoma">Chance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Tree,_Oklahoma" title="Cherry Tree, Oklahoma">Cherry Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chewey,_Oklahoma" title="Chewey, Oklahoma">Chewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christie,_Oklahoma" title="Christie, Oklahoma">Christie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elm_Grove,_Oklahoma" title="Elm Grove, Oklahoma">Elm Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elohim_City,_Oklahoma" title="Elohim City, Oklahoma">Elohim City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_Oklahoma" title="Fairfield, Oklahoma">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greasy,_Oklahoma" title="Greasy, Oklahoma">Greasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honey_Hill,_Oklahoma" title="Honey Hill, Oklahoma">Honey Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyons_Switch,_Oklahoma" title="Lyons Switch, Oklahoma">Lyons Switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marietta,_Adair_County,_Oklahoma" title="Marietta, Adair County, Oklahoma">Marietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulberry,_Oklahoma" title="Mulberry, Oklahoma">Mulberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Green,_Oklahoma" title="Old Green, Oklahoma">Old Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peavine,_Oklahoma" title="Peavine, Oklahoma">Peavine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piney,_Oklahoma" title="Piney, Oklahoma"> Piney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proctor,_Oklahoma" title="Proctor, Oklahoma"> Proctor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain,_Oklahoma" title="Rocky Mountain, Oklahoma">Rocky Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem,_Oklahoma" title="Salem, Oklahoma">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanic,_Oklahoma" title="Titanic, Oklahoma"> Titanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wauhillau,_Oklahoma" title="Wauhillau, Oklahoma"> Wauhillau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Peavine,_Oklahoma" title="West Peavine, Oklahoma">West Peavine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion,_Oklahoma" title="Zion, Oklahoma">Zion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Township_of_Ballard,_Oklahoma" title="Township of Ballard, Oklahoma"> Ballard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyons,_Oklahoma" title="Lyons, Oklahoma"> Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watts_Community,_Oklahoma" title="Watts Community, Oklahoma">Watts Community</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Cherokee County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Cherokee County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cherokee County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Cherokee County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Cherokee County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Tahlequah,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlequah, Oklahoma"><span>Tahlequah</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tahlequah,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlequah, Oklahoma">Tahlequah</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cherokee County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Cherokee_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Cherokee_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Cherokee_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Cherokee_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Cherokee_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Cherokee_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Cherokee County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Gibson,_Oklahoma" title="Fort Gibson, Oklahoma">Fort Gibson</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulbert,_Oklahoma" title="Hulbert, Oklahoma">Hulbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oaks,_Oklahoma" title="Oaks, Oklahoma">Oaks</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barber,_Oklahoma" title="Barber, Oklahoma">Barber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briggs,_Oklahoma" title="Briggs, Oklahoma">Briggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caney,_Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Caney, Cherokee County, Oklahoma">Caney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caney_Ridge,_Oklahoma" title="Caney Ridge, Oklahoma">Caney Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookson,_Oklahoma" title="Cookson, Oklahoma">Cookson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_Creek,_Oklahoma" title="Dry Creek, Oklahoma">Dry Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldon,_Oklahoma" title="Eldon, Oklahoma">Eldon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etta,_Oklahoma" title="Etta, Oklahoma">Etta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gideon,_Oklahoma" title="Gideon, Oklahoma"> Gideon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandview,_Oklahoma" title="Grandview, Oklahoma">Grandview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_Prairie,_Oklahoma" title="Johnson Prairie, Oklahoma">Johnson Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keys,_Oklahoma" title="Keys, Oklahoma">Keys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_City,_Oklahoma" title="Lost City, Oklahoma">Lost City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowrey,_Oklahoma" title="Lowrey, Oklahoma">Lowrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moodys,_Oklahoma" title="Moodys, Oklahoma">Moodys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Oklahoma" title="Norwood, Oklahoma">Norwood</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Hill,_Oklahoma" title="Park Hill, Oklahoma">Park Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggs,_Oklahoma" title="Peggs, Oklahoma"> Peggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pettit,_Oklahoma" title="Pettit, Oklahoma">Pettit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpkin_Hollow,_Oklahoma" title="Pumpkin Hollow, Oklahoma">Pumpkin Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Ford,_Oklahoma" title="Rocky Ford, Oklahoma">Rocky Ford</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shady_Grove,_Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Shady Grove, Cherokee County, Oklahoma">Shady Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparrowhawk,_Oklahoma" title="Sparrowhawk, Oklahoma">Sparrowhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steely_Hollow,_Oklahoma" title="Steely Hollow, Oklahoma">Steely Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenkiller,_Oklahoma" title="Tenkiller, Oklahoma">Tenkiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresita,_Oklahoma" title="Teresita, Oklahoma"> Teresita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welling,_Oklahoma" title="Welling, Oklahoma">Welling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodall,_Oklahoma" title="Woodall, Oklahoma">Woodall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeb,_Oklahoma" title="Zeb, Oklahoma">Zeb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />community</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qualls,_Oklahoma" title="Qualls, Oklahoma">Qualls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Craig_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Craig_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Craig County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Craig_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Craig County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Craig_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Craig County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Craig_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Craig_County,_Oklahoma" title="Craig County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Craig County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Vinita,_Oklahoma" title="Vinita, Oklahoma"><span>Vinita</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vinita,_Oklahoma" title="Vinita, Oklahoma">Vinita</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Craig County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Craig_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Craig_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Craig_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Craig_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Craig_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Craig_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Craig County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Cabin,_Oklahoma" title="Big Cabin, Oklahoma">Big Cabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluejacket,_Oklahoma" title="Bluejacket, Oklahoma">Bluejacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketchum,_Oklahoma" title="Ketchum, Oklahoma">Ketchum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welch,_Oklahoma" title="Welch, Oklahoma">Welch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_Oak,_Oklahoma" title="White Oak, Oklahoma"> White Oak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated<br />community</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centralia,_Oklahoma" title="Centralia, Oklahoma"> Centralia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Delaware_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Delaware County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Delaware County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Delaware County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Delaware_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Delaware County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Delaware County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Jay,_Oklahoma" title="Jay, Oklahoma"><span>Jay</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grove,_Oklahoma" title="Grove, Oklahoma">Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay,_Oklahoma" title="Jay, Oklahoma">Jay</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Delaware County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Delaware_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Delaware_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Delaware_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Delaware_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Delaware_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Delaware_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Delaware County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bernice,_Oklahoma" title="Bernice, Oklahoma">Bernice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colcord,_Oklahoma" title="Colcord, Oklahoma">Colcord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas,_Oklahoma" title="Kansas, Oklahoma">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oaks,_Oklahoma" title="Oaks, Oklahoma">Oaks</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Siloam_Springs,_Oklahoma" title="West Siloam Springs, Oklahoma">West Siloam Springs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brush_Creek,_Oklahoma" title="Brush Creek, Oklahoma">Brush Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Hollow,_Oklahoma" title="Bull Hollow, Oklahoma">Bull Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler,_Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Butler, Delaware County, Oklahoma">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayuga,_Oklahoma" title="Cayuga, Oklahoma">Cayuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleora,_Oklahoma" title="Cleora, Oklahoma">Cleora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_Creek,_Oklahoma" title="Cloud Creek, Oklahoma">Cloud Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copeland,_Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Copeland, Delaware County, Oklahoma">Copeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Lick,_Oklahoma" title="Deer Lick, Oklahoma">Deer Lick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis,_Oklahoma" title="Dennis, Oklahoma">Dennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge,_Oklahoma" title="Dodge, Oklahoma">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dripping_Springs,_Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Dripping Springs, Delaware County, Oklahoma">Dripping Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drowning_Creek,_Oklahoma" title="Drowning Creek, Oklahoma">Drowning Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_Creek,_Oklahoma" title="Flint Creek, Oklahoma">Flint Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianola,_Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Indianola, Delaware County, Oklahoma">Indianola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenwood,_Oklahoma" title="Kenwood, Oklahoma">Kenwood</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leach,_Oklahoma" title="Leach, Oklahoma">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Eucha,_Oklahoma" title="New Eucha, Oklahoma">New Eucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill-Piney,_Oklahoma" title="Oak Hill-Piney, Oklahoma">Oak Hill-Piney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Eucha,_Oklahoma" title="Old Eucha, Oklahoma">Old Eucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Ford,_Oklahoma" title="Rocky Ford, Oklahoma">Rocky Ford</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycamore,_Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Sycamore, Delaware County, Oklahoma">Sycamore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagg_Flats,_Oklahoma" title="Tagg Flats, Oklahoma">Tagg Flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Oaks,_Oklahoma" title="Twin Oaks, Oklahoma">Twin Oaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Water,_Oklahoma" title="White Water, Oklahoma">White Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zena,_Oklahoma" title="Zena, Oklahoma">Zena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chloeta,_Oklahoma" title="Chloeta, Oklahoma"> Chloeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucha,_Oklahoma" title="Eucha, Oklahoma"> Eucha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Mayes_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mayes_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Mayes County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mayes_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Mayes County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mayes_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mayes County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Mayes_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Mayes_County,_Oklahoma" title="Mayes County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Mayes County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Pryor_Creek,_Oklahoma" title="Pryor Creek, Oklahoma"><span>Pryor Creek</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pryor_Creek,_Oklahoma" title="Pryor Creek, Oklahoma">Pryor Creek</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mayes County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Mayes_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Mayes_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Mayes_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Mayes_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Mayes_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Mayes_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Mayes County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adair,_Oklahoma" title="Adair, Oklahoma">Adair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chouteau,_Oklahoma" title="Chouteau, Oklahoma">Chouteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disney,_Oklahoma" title="Disney, Oklahoma">Disney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Lake_Towne,_Oklahoma" title="Grand Lake Towne, Oklahoma">Grand Lake Towne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoot_Owl,_Oklahoma" title="Hoot Owl, Oklahoma">Hoot Owl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langley,_Oklahoma" title="Langley, Oklahoma">Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locust_Grove,_Oklahoma" title="Locust Grove, Oklahoma">Locust Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensacola,_Oklahoma" title="Pensacola, Oklahoma">Pensacola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salina,_Oklahoma" title="Salina, Oklahoma">Salina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spavinaw,_Oklahoma" title="Spavinaw, Oklahoma">Spavinaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsmen_Acres,_Oklahoma" title="Sportsmen Acres, Oklahoma">Sportsmen Acres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strang,_Oklahoma" title="Strang, Oklahoma">Strang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballou,_Oklahoma" title="Ballou, Oklahoma">Ballou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_Crest,_Oklahoma" title="Cedar Crest, Oklahoma">Cedar Crest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Post,_Oklahoma" title="Iron Post, Oklahoma">Iron Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenwood,_Oklahoma" title="Kenwood, Oklahoma">Kenwood</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Oklahoma" title="Little Rock, Oklahoma">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazie,_Oklahoma" title="Mazie, Oklahoma">Mazie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy,_Oklahoma" title="Murphy, Oklahoma">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pin_Oak_Acres,_Oklahoma" title="Pin Oak Acres, Oklahoma">Pin Oak Acres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_Back,_Oklahoma" title="Pump Back, Oklahoma">Pump Back</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose,_Oklahoma" title="Rose, Oklahoma"> Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sams_Corner,_Oklahoma" title="Sams Corner, Oklahoma">Sams Corner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Creek,_Oklahoma" title="Snake Creek, Oklahoma">Snake Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportmans_Shores,_Oklahoma" title="Sportmans Shores, Oklahoma">Sportmans Shores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickliffe,_Oklahoma" title="Wickliffe, Oklahoma">Wickliffe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boatman,_Oklahoma" title="Boatman, Oklahoma"> Boatman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee_Nation" title="Muscogee Nation">Muscogee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:McIntosh County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:McIntosh County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:McIntosh County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma" title="McIntosh County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">McIntosh County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Eufaula,_Oklahoma" title="Eufaula, Oklahoma"><span>Eufaula</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Checotah,_Oklahoma" title="Checotah, Oklahoma">Checotah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eufaula,_Oklahoma" title="Eufaula, Oklahoma">Eufaula</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="McIntosh County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_McIntosh_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_McIntosh_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_McIntosh_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_McIntosh_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_McIntosh_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_McIntosh_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>McIntosh County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanna,_Oklahoma" title="Hanna, Oklahoma">Hanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitchita,_Oklahoma" title="Hitchita, Oklahoma">Hitchita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rentiesville,_Oklahoma" title="Rentiesville, Oklahoma">Rentiesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stidham,_Oklahoma" title="Stidham, Oklahoma">Stidham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon,_Oklahoma" title="Vernon, Oklahoma"> Vernon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duchess_Landing,_Oklahoma" title="Duchess Landing, Oklahoma">Duchess Landing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shady_Grove,_McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma" title="Shady Grove, McIntosh County, Oklahoma">Shady Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texanna,_Oklahoma" title="Texanna, Oklahoma">Texanna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fame,_Oklahoma" title="Fame, Oklahoma"> Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenna,_Oklahoma" title="Lenna, Oklahoma"> Lenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierce,_Oklahoma" title="Pierce, Oklahoma"> Pierce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee_Nation" title="Muscogee Nation">Muscogee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Muskogee County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Muskogee County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muskogee County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Muskogee County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Muskogee County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Muskogee,_Oklahoma" title="Muskogee, Oklahoma"><span>Muskogee</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muskogee,_Oklahoma" title="Muskogee, Oklahoma">Muskogee</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Muskogee County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Muskogee_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Muskogee_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Muskogee_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Muskogee_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Muskogee_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Muskogee_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Muskogee County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boynton,_Oklahoma" title="Boynton, Oklahoma">Boynton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braggs,_Oklahoma" title="Braggs, Oklahoma">Braggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_Hill,_Oklahoma" title="Council Hill, Oklahoma">Council Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Gibson,_Oklahoma" title="Fort Gibson, Oklahoma">Fort Gibson</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskell,_Oklahoma" title="Haskell, Oklahoma">Haskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oktaha,_Oklahoma" title="Oktaha, Oklahoma">Oktaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porum,_Oklahoma" title="Porum, Oklahoma">Porum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summit,_Oklahoma" title="Summit, Oklahoma">Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft,_Oklahoma" title="Taft, Oklahoma">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wainwright,_Oklahoma" title="Wainwright, Oklahoma">Wainwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner,_Oklahoma" title="Warner, Oklahoma">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webbers_Falls,_Oklahoma" title="Webbers Falls, Oklahoma">Webbers Falls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Briartown,_Oklahoma" title="Briartown, Oklahoma"> Briartown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keefton,_Oklahoma" title="Keefton, Oklahoma">Keefton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Oklahoma" title="Norwood, Oklahoma">Norwood</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Bottom,_Oklahoma" title="River Bottom, Oklahoma">River Bottom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Hills,_Oklahoma" title="Sand Hills, Oklahoma">Sand Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simms,_Oklahoma" title="Simms, Oklahoma">Simms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sour_John,_Oklahoma" title="Sour John, Oklahoma">Sour John</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pumpkin_Center,_Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Pumpkin Center, Muskogee County, Oklahoma"> Pumpkin Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee_Nation" title="Muscogee Nation">Muscogee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Nowata_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nowata_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Nowata County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nowata_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Nowata County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nowata_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nowata County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Nowata_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Nowata_County,_Oklahoma" title="Nowata County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Nowata County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Nowata,_Oklahoma" title="Nowata, Oklahoma"><span>Nowata</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nowata,_Oklahoma" title="Nowata, Oklahoma">Nowata</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nowata County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Nowata_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Nowata_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Nowata_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Nowata_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Nowata_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Nowata_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Nowata County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delaware,_Oklahoma" title="Delaware, Oklahoma">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenapah,_Oklahoma" title="Lenapah, Oklahoma">Lenapah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Alluwe,_Oklahoma" title="New Alluwe, Oklahoma">New Alluwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Coffeyville,_Oklahoma" title="South Coffeyville, Oklahoma">South Coffeyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wann,_Oklahoma" title="Wann, Oklahoma">Wann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Watova,_Oklahoma" title="Watova, Oklahoma">Watova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost town</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alluwe,_Oklahoma" title="Alluwe, Oklahoma">Alluwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Ottawa County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Ottawa County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ottawa County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Ottawa County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Ottawa County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Miami,_Oklahoma" title="Miami, Oklahoma"><span>Miami</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commerce,_Oklahoma" title="Commerce, Oklahoma">Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami,_Oklahoma" title="Miami, Oklahoma">Miami</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ottawa County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Ottawa_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Ottawa_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Ottawa_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Ottawa_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Ottawa_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Ottawa_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Ottawa County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afton,_Oklahoma" title="Afton, Oklahoma">Afton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairland,_Oklahoma" title="Fairland, Oklahoma">Fairland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Miami,_Oklahoma" title="North Miami, Oklahoma">North Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Oklahoma" title="Peoria, Oklahoma">Peoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quapaw,_Oklahoma" title="Quapaw, Oklahoma">Quapaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyandotte,_Oklahoma" title="Wyandotte, Oklahoma">Wyandotte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dotyville,_Oklahoma" title="Dotyville, Oklahoma">Dotyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissa,_Oklahoma" title="Narcissa, Oklahoma">Narcissa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa,_Oklahoma" title="Ottawa, Oklahoma">Ottawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardin,_Oklahoma" title="Cardin, Oklahoma">Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douthat,_Oklahoma" title="Douthat, Oklahoma">Douthat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hockerville,_Oklahoma" title="Hockerville, Oklahoma">Hockerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picher,_Oklahoma" title="Picher, Oklahoma">Picher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zincville,_Oklahoma" title="Zincville, Oklahoma">Zincville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Rogers_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rogers_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Rogers County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rogers_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Rogers County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rogers_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rogers County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Rogers_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Rogers_County,_Oklahoma" title="Rogers County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Rogers County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Claremore,_Oklahoma" title="Claremore, Oklahoma"><span>Claremore</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catoosa,_Oklahoma" title="Catoosa, Oklahoma">Catoosa</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremore,_Oklahoma" title="Claremore, Oklahoma">Claremore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collinsville,_Oklahoma" title="Collinsville, Oklahoma">Collinsville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owasso,_Oklahoma" title="Owasso, Oklahoma">Owasso</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rogers County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Rogers_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Rogers_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Rogers_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Rogers_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Rogers_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Rogers_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Rogers County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Oklahoma" title="Chelsea, Oklahoma">Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Oaks,_Oklahoma" title="Fair Oaks, Oklahoma">Fair Oaks</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foyil,_Oklahoma" title="Foyil, Oklahoma">Foyil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inola,_Oklahoma" title="Inola, Oklahoma">Inola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oologah,_Oklahoma" title="Oologah, Oklahoma">Oologah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talala,_Oklahoma" title="Talala, Oklahoma">Talala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Park,_Oklahoma" title="Valley Park, Oklahoma">Valley Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verdigris,_Oklahoma" title="Verdigris, Oklahoma">Verdigris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bushyhead,_Oklahoma" title="Bushyhead, Oklahoma">Bushyhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory,_Oklahoma" title="Gregory, Oklahoma">Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice,_Oklahoma" title="Justice, Oklahoma">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limestone,_Oklahoma" title="Limestone, Oklahoma">Limestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequoyah,_Oklahoma" title="Sequoyah, Oklahoma">Sequoyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiawah,_Oklahoma" title="Tiawah, Oklahoma">Tiawah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_Oklahoma" title="Jamestown, Oklahoma">Jamestown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keetonville,_Oklahoma" title="Keetonville, Oklahoma"> Keetonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winganon,_Oklahoma" title="Winganon, Oklahoma"> Winganon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee_Nation" title="Muscogee Nation">Muscogee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Sequoyah County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Sequoyah County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sequoyah County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Sequoyah County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Sequoyah County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Sallisaw,_Oklahoma" title="Sallisaw, Oklahoma"><span>Sallisaw</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sallisaw,_Oklahoma" title="Sallisaw, Oklahoma">Sallisaw</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sequoyah County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Sequoyah_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Sequoyah_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Sequoyah_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Sequoyah_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Sequoyah_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Sequoyah_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Sequoyah County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gans,_Oklahoma" title="Gans, Oklahoma">Gans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gore,_Oklahoma" title="Gore, Oklahoma">Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_City,_Oklahoma" title="Marble City, Oklahoma">Marble City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moffett,_Oklahoma" title="Moffett, Oklahoma">Moffett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muldrow,_Oklahoma" title="Muldrow, Oklahoma">Muldrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Hill,_Oklahoma" title="Paradise Hill, Oklahoma">Paradise Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland,_Oklahoma" title="Roland, Oklahoma">Roland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vian,_Oklahoma" title="Vian, Oklahoma">Vian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akins,_Oklahoma" title="Akins, Oklahoma">Akins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badger_Lee,_Oklahoma" title="Badger Lee, Oklahoma">Badger Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belfonte,_Oklahoma" title="Belfonte, Oklahoma">Belfonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackgum,_Oklahoma" title="Blackgum, Oklahoma">Blackgum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box,_Oklahoma" title="Box, Oklahoma"> Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent,_Oklahoma" title="Brent, Oklahoma">Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brushy,_Oklahoma" title="Brushy, Oklahoma">Brushy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle,_Oklahoma" title="Carlisle, Oklahoma">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Mission,_Oklahoma" title="Dwight Mission, Oklahoma">Dwight Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_Shade,_Oklahoma" title="Evening Shade, Oklahoma">Evening Shade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flute_Springs,_Oklahoma" title="Flute Springs, Oklahoma">Flute Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanson,_Oklahoma" title="Hanson, Oklahoma">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty,_Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Liberty, Sequoyah County, Oklahoma">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long,_Oklahoma" title="Long, Oklahoma">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_City_Community,_Oklahoma" title="Marble City Community, Oklahoma">Marble City Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKey,_Oklahoma" title="McKey, Oklahoma">McKey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicut,_Oklahoma" title="Nicut, Oklahoma">Nicut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notchietown,_Oklahoma" title="Notchietown, Oklahoma">Notchietown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinhook_Corners,_Oklahoma" title="Pinhook Corners, Oklahoma">Pinhook Corner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbird_Smith,_Oklahoma" title="Redbird Smith, Oklahoma">Redbird Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remy,_Oklahoma" title="Remy, Oklahoma">Remy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short,_Oklahoma" title="Short, Oklahoma">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stony_Point,_Oklahoma" title="Stony Point, Oklahoma">Stoney Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycamore,_Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Sycamore, Sequoyah County, Oklahoma">Sycamore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cottonwood,_Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Cottonwood, Sequoyah County, Oklahoma">Cottonwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreman,_Oklahoma" title="Foreman, Oklahoma">Foreman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redland,_Oklahoma" title="Redland, Oklahoma"> Redland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Tulsa County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Tulsa County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tulsa County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Tulsa County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma"><span>Tulsa</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bixby,_Oklahoma" title="Bixby, Oklahoma">Bixby</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broken_Arrow,_Oklahoma" title="Broken Arrow, Oklahoma">Broken Arrow</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collinsville,_Oklahoma" title="Collinsville, Oklahoma">Collinsville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenpool,_Oklahoma" title="Glenpool, Oklahoma">Glenpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenks,_Oklahoma" title="Jenks, Oklahoma">Jenks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owasso,_Oklahoma" title="Owasso, Oklahoma">Owasso</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Springs,_Oklahoma" title="Sand Springs, Oklahoma">Sand Springs</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapulpa,_Oklahoma" title="Sapulpa, Oklahoma">Sapulpa</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tulsa County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Tulsa_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Tulsa_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Tulsa_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Tulsa_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Tulsa_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Tulsa_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Tulsa County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberty,_Oklahoma" title="Liberty, Oklahoma">Liberty</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotsee,_Oklahoma" title="Lotsee, Oklahoma">Lotsee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skiatook,_Oklahoma" title="Skiatook, Oklahoma">Skiatook</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sperry,_Oklahoma" title="Sperry, Oklahoma">Sperry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard,_Oklahoma" title="Leonard, Oklahoma"> Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakhurst,_Oklahoma" title="Oakhurst, Oklahoma">Oakhurst</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turley,_Oklahoma" title="Turley, Oklahoma">Turley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alsuma,_Oklahoma" title="Alsuma, Oklahoma"> Alsuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berryhill,_Oklahoma" title="Berryhill, Oklahoma">Berryhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake,_Oklahoma" title="Lake, Oklahoma">Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee_Nation" title="Muscogee Nation">Muscogee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Wagoner County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Wagoner County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wagoner County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma" title="Wagoner County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Wagoner County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Wagoner,_Oklahoma" title="Wagoner, Oklahoma"><span>Wagoner</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City_(Oklahoma)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Oklahoma)">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bixby,_Oklahoma" title="Bixby, Oklahoma">Bixby</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broken_Arrow,_Oklahoma" title="Broken Arrow, Oklahoma">Broken Arrow</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catoosa,_Oklahoma" title="Catoosa, Oklahoma">Catoosa</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coweta,_Oklahoma" title="Coweta, Oklahoma">Coweta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagoner,_Oklahoma" title="Wagoner, Oklahoma">Wagoner</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wagoner County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Wagoner_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Wagoner_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Wagoner_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Wagoner_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Wagoner_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Wagoner_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Wagoner County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town_(Oklahoma)" class="mw-redirect" title="Town (Oklahoma)">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Oaks,_Oklahoma" title="Fair Oaks, Oklahoma">Fair Oaks</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okay,_Oklahoma" title="Okay, Oklahoma">Okay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porter,_Oklahoma" title="Porter, Oklahoma">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbird,_Oklahoma" title="Redbird, Oklahoma">Redbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullahassee,_Oklahoma" title="Tullahassee, Oklahoma">Tullahassee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Oklahoma" title="Clarksville, Oklahoma"> Clarksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallard_Bay,_Oklahoma" title="Mallard Bay, Oklahoma"> Mallard Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Point,_Oklahoma" title="Rocky Point, Oklahoma">Rocky Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Ferry,_Oklahoma" title="Taylor Ferry, Oklahoma">Taylor Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toppers,_Oklahoma" title="Toppers, Oklahoma">Toppers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehorn_Cove,_Oklahoma" title="Whitehorn Cove, Oklahoma">Whitehorn Cove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Choska,_Oklahoma" title="Choska, Oklahoma"> Choska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibson,_Oklahoma" title="Gibson, Oklahoma"> Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neodesha,_Oklahoma" title="Neodesha, Oklahoma">Neodesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneta,_Oklahoma" title="Oneta, Oklahoma"> Oneta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stones_Corner,_Oklahoma" title="Stones Corner, Oklahoma"> Stones Corner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee_Nation" title="Muscogee Nation">Muscogee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Washington_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Washington_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template:Washington County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Washington_County,_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Washington County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Washington_County,_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Washington County, Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Washington_County,_Oklahoma,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Oklahoma" title="Washington County, Oklahoma"><span class="region">Washington County, Oklahoma</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Bartlesville,_Oklahoma" title="Bartlesville, Oklahoma"><span>Bartlesville</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bartlesville,_Oklahoma" title="Bartlesville, Oklahoma">Bartlesville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewey,_Oklahoma" title="Dewey, Oklahoma">Dewey</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Washington County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Washington_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Washington_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Washington_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Washington_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Washington_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Oklahoma_highlighting_Washington_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2209" data-file-height="1095" /></span><figcaption>Washington County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copan,_Oklahoma" title="Copan, Oklahoma">Copan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochelata,_Oklahoma" title="Ochelata, Oklahoma">Ochelata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramona,_Oklahoma" title="Ramona, Oklahoma">Ramona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera,_Oklahoma" title="Vera, Oklahoma">Vera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cherokee Nation</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Oklahoma (state)"><span>Oklahoma portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14708404#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14708404#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14708404#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/122986816">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/518015/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdmmQvKT6MFhyttQ6gkDq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Cherokee Nation, Oklahoma"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50069935">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987009294046205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&oldid=1259540385">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation&oldid=1259540385</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cherokee_Nation" title="Category:Cherokee Nation">Cherokee Nation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_Indian_reservations_in_Oklahoma" title="Category:American Indian reservations in Oklahoma">American Indian reservations in Oklahoma</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1839_establishments_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1839 establishments in the United States">1839 establishments in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Federally_recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Federally recognized tribes in the United States">Federally recognized tribes in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Southeastern_Woodlands" title="Category:Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands">Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Native_American_tribes_in_Oklahoma" title="Category:Native American tribes in Oklahoma">Native American tribes in Oklahoma</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1839" title="Category:States and territories established in 1839">States and territories established in 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