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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"/><meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"/><title>Russian Script Kiddie Assembles Massive DDoS Botnet</title><meta name="description" content="Over the past year, &quot;Matrix&quot; has used publicly available malware tools and exploit scripts to target weakly secured IoT devices — and enterprise servers."/><meta property="og:title" content="Russian Script Kiddie Assembles Massive DDoS Botnet"/><meta property="og:description" content="Over the past year, &quot;Matrix&quot; has used publicly available malware tools and exploit scripts to target weakly secured IoT devices — and enterprise servers."/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches/russian-script-kiddie-assembles-massive-ddos-botnet"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/bltd9544fe544dde688/674635c9fde1977e265db529/matrix_Kundra_shutterstock.jpg?disable=upscale&width=1200&height=630&fit=crop"/><meta property="oc:keywords" content="Cyberattacks & Data Breaches, Cyber Risk, Cybersecurity Operations, Threat Intelligence"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches/russian-script-kiddie-assembles-massive-ddos-botnet"/><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","datePublished":"2024-11-27T14:00:00.000Z","dateModified":"2024-11-27T18:36:30.320Z","headline":"Russian Script Kiddie Assembles Massive DDoS Botnet","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches/russian-script-kiddie-assembles-massive-ddos-botnet","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/bltd9544fe544dde688/674635c9fde1977e265db529/matrix_Kundra_shutterstock.jpg","caption":"","creditText":"Source: Kundra via Shutterstock"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer","image":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/blt1a674355ce57f27b/64f14f228727730c7f926217/Jai-Vijayan.jpeg","url":"https://www.darkreading.com/author/jai-vijayan"}],"publisher":{"@type":["NewsMediaOrganization","Organization","OnlineBusiness"],"identifier":"https://www.darkreading.com","name":"Dark Reading","url":"https://www.darkreading.com","sameAs":["https://twitter.com/DarkReading","https://www.linkedin.com/company/dark-reading/","https://www.facebook.com/darkreadingcom/","https://www.youtube.com/@DarkReadingOfficialYT","https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqBwgKMKmknwswtq63Aw"],"foundingDate":"2006","description":"To challenge community members to think about security by providing strong, even unconventional points of view, backed by hard-nosed reporting, hands-on experience, and the professional knowledge that comes only with years of work in the information security industry.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://www.darkreading.com/build/_assets/DarkReading-EAU2PZUE.svg","width":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","value":1008},"height":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","value":112}}}}</script><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.darkreading.com"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Cyberattacks & Data Breaches","item":"https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches"}]}</script><link rel="preload" href="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/bltd9544fe544dde688/674635c9fde1977e265db529/matrix_Kundra_shutterstock.jpg?width=1280&auto=webp&quality=10&format=jpg&disable=upscale&blur=40" as="image"/><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary"/><script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.init={distributed_tracing:{enabled:true},privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.eu01.nr-data.net"]}}; ;NREUM.loader_config={accountID:"3936348",trustKey:"3288925",agentID:"538600199",licenseKey:"NRJS-26ae6a3b09493bbcc87",applicationID:"538600199"}; ;NREUM.info={beacon:"bam.eu01.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.eu01.nr-data.net",licenseKey:"NRJS-26ae6a3b09493bbcc87",applicationID:"538600199",sa:1}; ;/*! 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class="Layout-Section"><div id="iiris-identity" data-testid="iris-identity"></div><div data-template="article"><div class="TwoColumnLayout"><div id="portal-root"></div><div class="TwoColumnLayout-Head"><div class="ArticleBase-Header"><ul class="ArticleBase-Topics" data-testid="article-topics"><li class="ArticleBase-Topic"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_category Keyword_title_cyberattacksDataBreaches" data-discover="true" href="/cyberattacks-data-breaches">Cyberattacks & Data Breaches</a></li><li class="ArticleBase-Topic"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_category Keyword_title_cyberRisk" data-discover="true" href="/cyber-risk">Cyber Risk</a></li><li class="ArticleBase-Topic"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_category Keyword_title_cybersecurityOperations" data-discover="true" href="/cybersecurity-operations">Cybersecurity Operations</a></li><li class="ArticleBase-Topic"><a data-component="keyword" class="Keyword Keyword_variant_category Keyword_title_threatIntelligence" data-discover="true" href="/threat-intelligence">Threat Intelligence</a></li></ul><div><h1 class="ArticleBase-HeaderTitle"><noscript><span class="ArticleBase-LargeTitle">Russian Script Kiddie Assembles Massive DDoS Botnet</span></noscript><span class="ArticleBase-DefaultTitle" data-testid="article-default-title">Russian Script Kiddie Assembles Massive DDoS Botnet</span></h1><p class="ArticleBase-HeaderSummary" data-testid="article-summary">Over the past year, "Matrix" has used publicly available malware tools and exploit scripts to target weakly secured IoT devices — and enterprise servers.</p></div></div></div><div class="TwoColumnLayout-Content"><div class="TwoColumnLayout-Body"><div class="ArticleBase-Body" data-testid="article-base-body"><div class="ArticleBase-Contributors" data-testid="article-base-contributors"><div class="Contributors Contributors_variant_normal Contributors_hasAvatar" data-component="contributors"><div class="Contributors-AvatarWrapper"><a class="Contributors-AvatarLink" aria-label="Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer" data-discover="true" href="/author/jai-vijayan"><img aria-hidden="true" data-testid="contributor-avatar" data-component="image" class="Contributors-Avatar" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/blt1a674355ce57f27b/64f14f228727730c7f926217/Jai-Vijayan.jpeg?width=100&auto=webp&quality=80&disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/blt1a674355ce57f27b/64f14f228727730c7f926217/Jai-Vijayan.jpeg?width=100&auto=webp&quality=80&disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="Picture of Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer" title="Picture of Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer"/></a></div><div class="Contributors-InfoWrapper"><a class="Contributors-ContributorName" data-testid="contributor-name" data-discover="true" href="/author/jai-vijayan">Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer</a><p class="Contributors-Date" data-testid="contributors-date">November 27, 2024</p></div></div><div data-component="article-read-time" class="ArticleReadTime ArticleReadTime_size_normal"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Clock" class="ArticleReadTime-Icon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Clock-MSX4SBCD.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Clock-MSX4SBCD.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span><span>4 Min Read</span></div></div><div class="ArticleBase-FeaturedImageWrapper" data-testid="featured-image"><div data-component="captioned-content" class="CaptionedContent"><div class="CaptionedContent-Content"><img data-component="image" class="ArticleBase-FeaturedImage" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/bltd9544fe544dde688/674635c9fde1977e265db529/matrix_Kundra_shutterstock.jpg?width=1280&auto=webp&quality=95&format=jpg&disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/bltd9544fe544dde688/674635c9fde1977e265db529/matrix_Kundra_shutterstock.jpg?width=1280&auto=webp&quality=95&format=jpg&disable=upscale" loading="eager" alt="Vector green digital code rain in a Matrix inspired futuristic style" title="Vector green digital code rain in a Matrix inspired futuristic style"/></div><div class="CaptionedContent-Caption" data-testid="captioned-content-caption"><span class="CaptionedContent-CreditTo">Source: Kundra via Shutterstock</span></div></div></div><div class="SocialShare"><div data-component="social-share" class="SocialShare SocialShare_variant_button ArticleBase-SocialShare ArticleBase-SocialShare_first"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches/russian-script-kiddie-assembles-massive-ddos-botnet"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper 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ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">A Russian script kiddie using little more than publicly available malware tools and exploits targeting weak credentials and configurations has assembled a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) botnet capable of disruption on a global scale.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">In assembling the botnet, the attacker has targeted not just vulnerable Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, as is the common practice these days, but also enterprise development and production servers, significantly increasing its potential for widespread disruption.</span></p><h2 class="ContentText ContentText_variant_h2 ContentText_align_left" data-testid="content-text" id="Matrix Unleashed" style="scroll-margin-top:10rem;scroll-snap-margin-top:10rem">Matrix Unleashed</h2><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">The attacker, whom researchers at Aqua Nautilus are tracking as "Matrix" after spotting the campaign recently, has established a store of sorts on Telegram, where customers can buy different DDoS plans and services. These include plans ranging from "Basic" to "Enterprise" that allow purchasers to unleash DDoS attacks of different durations at the transport and applications layers of targets of their choice.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">"Although this campaign does not use advanced techniques, it capitalizes on widespread security gaps across a range of devices and software," said Assaf Morag, lead data analyst at Aqua </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.aquasec.com/blog/matrix-unleashes-a-new-widespread-ddos-campaign/">in a blog post</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> this week. "The simplicity of these methods highlights the importance of addressing fundamental security practices, such as changing default credentials, securing administrative protocols, and applying timely firmware updates, to protect against broad, opportunistic attacks like this one."</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">DDoS attacks have been a </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches/internet-archive-slowly-revives-ddos-barrage">standard item in attacker playbooks</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> for a long time. Though organizations have generally gotten better at dealing with them over the years, DDoS attacks remain hard to protect against entirely. Threat actors have continuously increased the volume and duration of DDoS attacks while developing techniques to target different layers of the network to maximize their disruptive impact. A Gcore study released earlier this year showed a </span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://www.darkreading.com/cloud-security/gcore-radar-report-shows-46-increase-in-number-of-ddos-attacks-in-first-half-of-2024">46% increase in DDoS attacks</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"> in the first half of 2024 compared with the same period last year. Some attacks peaked in excess of multiple terabits of attack traffic per second.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Matrix's campaign appears to have launched in November 2023 with the creation of a GitHub account. The attacker has been using the account primarily as a repository for various publicly available malware tools downloaded from different sources and which, in some cases, Matrix then modified for use in the DDoS campaign.</span></p><h2 class="ContentText ContentText_variant_h2 ContentText_align_left" data-testid="content-text" id="Off-the-Shelf Attack Tools" style="scroll-margin-top:10rem;scroll-snap-margin-top:10rem">Off-the-Shelf Attack Tools</h2><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Aqua's analysis of Matrix's GitHub account showed a collection of commonly available DDoS botnet tools, including perennial favorite Mirai, DDoS agent, Pybot, Pynet, SSH Scan Hacktool, and Discord Go. Most of these tools are publicly available and open source; what distinguishes Matrix is how it's been able to integrate and use these tools effectively in assembling a DDoS botnet. "Instead of forking repositories, the tools are downloaded and modified locally, suggesting a level of customization and adaptability," Morag said.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Matrix has been using the tools to scan the Internet for IoT devices with known vulnerabilities in them that the owners have left unpatched. Many of the vulnerabilities that the threat actor's attack scripts scan for are older flaws, including one from 2014 (</span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text"><a class="ContentText-BodyTextChunk ContentText-BodyTextChunk_link" target="_blank" href="https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2014-8361">CVE-2014-8361</a></span><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">) a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Realtek Software Development Kit.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Aqua listed vulnerabilities the attacker is targeting, including three from 2017 (CVE-2017-17215, CVE-2017-18368, and CVE-2017-17106); another three targeted vulnerabilities are from 2018 (CVE-2018-10561, CVE-2018-10562, and CVE-2018-9995). The vulnerabilities affect a range of Internet-connected devices including network routers, DVRs, cameras, and telecom equipment.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">And in something of a departure from typical DDoS campaigns, the threat actor is scanning the IP ranges of several cloud service providers for vulnerabilities and misconfigurations in telnet, SSH, Hadoop YARN, and other enterprise servers. One of the vulnerabilities that Matrix has targeted is CVE-2024-27348, a critical RCE vulnerability in Apache HugeGraph servers. Nearly half (48%) the scanning activity that Aqua observed targeted servers in AWS environments, 34% were in Microsoft Azure, and 16% on Google's cloud platform. For the moment at least, Matrix's primary focus appears to be China and Japan, likely due to the high density of IoT devices in those countries, Morag said.</span></p><h2 class="ContentText ContentText_variant_h2 ContentText_align_left" data-testid="content-text" id="Brute-Force Attacks" style="scroll-margin-top:10rem;scroll-snap-margin-top:10rem">Brute-Force Attacks</h2><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">As is common in most such campaigns, Matrix has also been taking advantage of default and weak passwords and misconfigurations to compromise IoT devices and enterprise servers and making them part of the DDoS botnet. Aqua found Matrix using a brute-force script against 167 username and password pairs that organizations had used to secure access to their IoT and server environments. A startling 134 of the pairs granted root or admin level access on affected devices.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">Aqua's analysis showed there are 35 million systems running the software that the attacker appears to be targeting. Not all of them are vulnerable. But if even if just 1% are exploitable, that would give the attacker a botnet of around 350,000 devices.</span></p><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNormal" data-testid="content-text">In comments to Dark Reading, Morag says only content delivery networks and organizations with visibility into Internet traffic logs can really say what the actual size of the botnet that Matrix has assembled. But indications are that it is large. "We have hundreds of honeypots, and we usually see an attack/campaign on one or two types of honeypots. But in this case, we saw attacks on our SSH, Telnet, Jupytar Lab, Jupytar Notebook, Hadoop, HugeGraph, and a few simulators of IoT devices," which is unusual, he says. "In addition, the attacker utilized some of our honeypots to attack Telnet and SSH, with a 95% success rate."</span></p></div></div><div class="SocialShare"><div data-component="social-share" class="SocialShare SocialShare_variant_button ArticleBase-SocialShare ArticleBase-SocialShare_second"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="Linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches/russian-script-kiddie-assembles-massive-ddos-botnet"><span class="SocialShare-IconWrapper SocialShare-IconWrapper_variant_button"><span data-component="icon" data-name="Linkedin" class="SocialShare-Icon SocialShare-Icon_variant_button SocialShare-Icon_type_linkedin" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/Linkedin-VQUF3EEQ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></a><a target="_blank" 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class="ContributorSummary ContributorSummary_variant_author"><div class="ContributorSummary-ImageWrapper ContributorSummary-ImageWrapper_variant_author"><a data-testid="contributor-summary-img-link" data-discover="true" href="/author/jai-vijayan"><img data-component="image" class="ContributorSummary-Image ContributorSummary-Image_variant_author" data-src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/blt1a674355ce57f27b/64f14f228727730c7f926217/Jai-Vijayan.jpeg?width=400&auto=webp&quality=80&disable=upscale" src="https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/blt1a674355ce57f27b/64f14f228727730c7f926217/Jai-Vijayan.jpeg?width=400&auto=webp&quality=80&disable=upscale" loading="lazy" alt="Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer" title="Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer"/></a></div><div class="ContributorSummary-InfoWrapper ContributorSummary-InfoWrapper_variant_author"><div class="ContributorSummary-TitleWrapper"><a data-testid="contributor-summary-title-link" data-discover="true" href="/author/jai-vijayan"><p class="ContributorSummary-Title ContributorSummary-Title_variant_author" data-testid="contributor-summary-title">Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer</p></a></div><div class="ContributorSummary-SubTitleWrapper ContributorSummary-SubTitleWrapper_variant_author"><p class="ContributorSummary-SubTitle ContributorSummary-SubTitle_variant_author" data-testid="contributor-summary-subtitle"></p></div><div class="ContributorSummary-ContentWrapper ContributorSummary-ContentWrapper_variant_author"><div class="ContributorSummary-Content ContributorSummary-Content_variant_author" data-testid="contributor-summary-content"><p class="ContentParagraph ContentParagraph_align_left" data-testid="content-paragraph"><span class="ContentText ContentText_variant_bodyNoneStyle" data-testid="content-text">Jai Vijayan is a seasoned technology reporter with over 20 years of experience in IT trade journalism. He was most recently a Senior Editor at Computerworld, where he covered information security and data privacy issues for the publication. Over the course of his 20-year career at Computerworld, Jai also covered a variety of other technology topics, including big data, Hadoop, Internet of Things, e-voting, and data analytics. Prior to Computerworld, Jai covered technology issues for The Economic Times in Bangalore, India. Jai has a Master's degree in Statistics and lives in Naperville, Ill.</span></p></div></div></div><div class="ContributorSummary-SeeMore"><a data-component="button" class="Button Button_size_medium Button_variant_textLink" rel="" data-discover="true" href="/author/jai-vijayan"><span class="Button-ContentWrapper"><span class="ContributorSummary-SeeMoreText"><span>See more from Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer</span><span data-component="icon" data-name="ChevronRight" class="ContributorSummary-SeeMoreIcon" style="mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(/build/_assets/ChevronRight-NHDKEYGJ.svg);mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-size:contain"></span></span></span></a></div></div></div></div><div data-module="newsletter-signup-promo"><div class="SubscribeBannerTopicPage SubscribeBannerTopicPage_mode_dark SubscribeBannerTopicPage_variant_vertical ArticleBase-Newsletter"><div class="SubscribeBannerTopicPage-Content"><div class="SubscribeBannerTopicPage-Title" data-testid="subscribeBannerTopicPage_title">Keep up with the latest cybersecurity threats, newly discovered vulnerabilities, data breach information, and emerging trends. 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He was most recently a Senior Editor at Computerworld, where he covered information security and data privacy issues for the publication. Over the course of his 20-year career at Computerworld, Jai also covered a variety of other technology topics, including big data, Hadoop, Internet of Things, e-voting, and data analytics. Prior to Computerworld, Jai covered technology issues for The Economic Times in Bangalore, India. Jai has a Master's degree in Statistics and lives in Naperville, Ill."}]}]}],"gatedWithExternalForm":false,"gatedWithSiteReg":false,"paidGating":false,"sponsorName":""},"template":{"breadcrumbs":[{"url":"/","title":"Home"},{"url":"/cyberattacks-data-breaches","title":"Cyberattacks \u0026 Data Breaches"}],"topics":[{"__typename":"TopicPrimary","title":"Cyberattacks \u0026 Data Breaches","url":"/cyberattacks-data-breaches"},{"__typename":"TopicPrimary","title":"Cyber Risk","url":"/cyber-risk"},{"__typename":"TopicPrimary","title":"Cybersecurity Operations","url":"/cybersecurity-operations"},{"__typename":"TopicPrimary","title":"Threat Intelligence","url":"/threat-intelligence"}],"subBrand":null,"searchParams":{},"summary":"Over the past year, \"Matrix\" has used publicly available malware tools and exploit scripts to target weakly secured IoT devices — and enterprise servers.","title":"Russian Script Kiddie Assembles Massive DDoS Botnet","mobileHeadline":"Russian Script Kiddie Assembles Massive DDoS Botnet","authoredBy":"","authoredOn":"","oldUrl":"","buyersJourney":"","contributors":[{"title":"Jai Vijayan","name":"Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer","companyName":"","role":"","avatar":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/blt1a674355ce57f27b/64f14f228727730c7f926217/Jai-Vijayan.jpeg","link":"/author/jai-vijayan","tagLine":"","summary":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Jai Vijayan is a seasoned technology reporter with over 20 years of experience in IT trade journalism. He was most recently a Senior Editor at Computerworld, where he covered information security and data privacy issues for the publication. Over the course of his 20-year career at Computerworld, Jai also covered a variety of other technology topics, including big data, Hadoop, Internet of Things, e-voting, and data analytics. Prior to Computerworld, Jai covered technology issues for The Economic Times in Bangalore, India. Jai has a Master's degree in Statistics and lives in Naperville, Ill."}]}]}],"readTime":4,"newsletterSignUpPromo":{"title":"Keep up with the latest cybersecurity threats, newly discovered vulnerabilities, data breach information, and emerging trends. 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These include plans ranging from \"Basic\" to \"Enterprise\" that allow purchasers to unleash DDoS attacks of different durations at the transport and applications layers of targets of their choice."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"\"Although this campaign does not use advanced techniques, it capitalizes on widespread security gaps across a range of devices and software,\" said Assaf Morag, lead data analyst at Aqua "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.aquasec.com/blog/matrix-unleashes-a-new-widespread-ddos-campaign/","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"in a blog post"},{"type":"text","text":" this week. \"The simplicity of these methods highlights the importance of addressing fundamental security practices, such as changing default credentials, securing administrative protocols, and applying timely firmware updates, to protect against broad, opportunistic attacks like this one.\""}]},{"type":"ad","pos":"native_1v"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DDoS attacks have been a "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.darkreading.com/cyberattacks-data-breaches/internet-archive-slowly-revives-ddos-barrage","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"standard item in attacker playbooks"},{"type":"text","text":" for a long time. Though organizations have generally gotten better at dealing with them over the years, DDoS attacks remain hard to protect against entirely. Threat actors have continuously increased the volume and duration of DDoS attacks while developing techniques to target different layers of the network to maximize their disruptive impact. A Gcore study released earlier this year showed a "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.darkreading.com/cloud-security/gcore-radar-report-shows-46-increase-in-number-of-ddos-attacks-in-first-half-of-2024","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"46% increase in DDoS attacks"},{"type":"text","text":" in the first half of 2024 compared with the same period last year. Some attacks peaked in excess of multiple terabits of attack traffic per second."}]},{"type":"ad","pos":"video_v"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Matrix's campaign appears to have launched in November 2023 with the creation of a GitHub account. The attacker has been using the account primarily as a repository for various publicly available malware tools downloaded from different sources and which, in some cases, Matrix then modified for use in the DDoS campaign."}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"textAlign":"left","level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Off-the-Shelf Attack Tools"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Aqua's analysis of Matrix's GitHub account showed a collection of commonly available DDoS botnet tools, including perennial favorite Mirai, DDoS agent, Pybot, Pynet, SSH Scan Hacktool, and Discord Go. Most of these tools are publicly available and open source; what distinguishes Matrix is how it's been able to integrate and use these tools effectively in assembling a DDoS botnet. \"Instead of forking repositories, the tools are downloaded and modified locally, suggesting a level of customization and adaptability,\" Morag said."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Matrix has been using the tools to scan the Internet for IoT devices with known vulnerabilities in them that the owners have left unpatched. Many of the vulnerabilities that the threat actor's attack scripts scan for are older flaws, including one from 2014 ("},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2014-8361","target":"_blank","rel":null,"class":null}}],"text":"CVE-2014-8361"},{"type":"text","text":") a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Realtek Software Development Kit."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Aqua listed vulnerabilities the attacker is targeting, including three from 2017 (CVE-2017-17215, CVE-2017-18368, and CVE-2017-17106); another three targeted vulnerabilities are from 2018 (CVE-2018-10561, CVE-2018-10562, and CVE-2018-9995). The vulnerabilities affect a range of Internet-connected devices including network routers, DVRs, cameras, and telecom equipment."}]},{"type":"ad","pos":"native_2v"},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"And in something of a departure from typical DDoS campaigns, the threat actor is scanning the IP ranges of several cloud service providers for vulnerabilities and misconfigurations in telnet, SSH, Hadoop YARN, and other enterprise servers. One of the vulnerabilities that Matrix has targeted is CVE-2024-27348, a critical RCE vulnerability in Apache HugeGraph servers. Nearly half (48%) the scanning activity that Aqua observed targeted servers in AWS environments, 34% were in Microsoft Azure, and 16% on Google's cloud platform. For the moment at least, Matrix's primary focus appears to be China and Japan, likely due to the high density of IoT devices in those countries, Morag said."}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"textAlign":"left","level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Brute-Force Attacks"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"As is common in most such campaigns, Matrix has also been taking advantage of default and weak passwords and misconfigurations to compromise IoT devices and enterprise servers and making them part of the DDoS botnet. Aqua found Matrix using a brute-force script against 167 username and password pairs that organizations had used to secure access to their IoT and server environments. A startling 134 of the pairs granted root or admin level access on affected devices."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Aqua's analysis showed there are 35 million systems running the software that the attacker appears to be targeting. Not all of them are vulnerable. But if even if just 1% are exploitable, that would give the attacker a botnet of around 350,000 devices."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"textAlign":"left"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"In comments to Dark Reading, Morag says only content delivery networks and organizations with visibility into Internet traffic logs can really say what the actual size of the botnet that Matrix has assembled. But indications are that it is large. \"We have hundreds of honeypots, and we usually see an attack/campaign on one or two types of honeypots. But in this case, we saw attacks on our SSH, Telnet, Jupytar Lab, Jupytar Notebook, Hadoop, HugeGraph, and a few simulators of IoT devices,\" which is unusual, he says. \"In addition, the attacker utilized some of our honeypots to attack Telnet and SSH, with a 95% success rate.\""}]},{"type":"ad","pos":"300_2v_article"}],"contentType":"Article","uid":"blt649a37a4d2d9491d","sponsored":{"logoUrl":"","url":"","alt":"","title":"","campaignURL":"","isSponsored":false,"gateWithSiteReg":false,"gateWithExternalForm":"None","externalFormID":""},"featuredImage":{"src":"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt6d90778a997de1cd/bltd9544fe544dde688/674635c9fde1977e265db529/matrix_Kundra_shutterstock.jpg","alt":"Vector green digital code rain in a Matrix inspired futuristic style","caption":"","creditTo":"Source: Kundra via Shutterstock"},"contentFormat":{"title":"News"},"seriesTaxonomy":[],"programTaxonomy":[],"sidebarModules":[{"type":"module_content_cards","data":{"title":"Editor's 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