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Michele Barbero – Foreign Policy

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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 27.7 15.5" aria-hidden="true"> <polyline class="caret" points="1.5,1.5 13.8,13.6 26.1,1.5 " /> </svg> <svg class="nav-drawer-caret nav-drawer-caret-up-icon hide-sr-only " version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 27.7 15.5" aria-hidden="true"> <polyline class="caret" points="26.1,13.6 13.8,1.5 1.5,13.6 " /> </svg> </h2> </a> <ul class="nav-menu-posts nav-full-menu__column__list"> <li class="nav-full-menu__column__list-item"> <div class="excerpt-content"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/live/europe-trump-defense-gonzalez-landsbergis/?tpcc=recirc_expanded_nav111523"> <h3 class="hed"> How Europe Can Navigate the Trump Challenge </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2025-03-20" class="date-time"> March 20</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-full-menu__column__list-item"> <a 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class="nav-full-menu__column__list-item"> <!-- podcast series item --> <div class="excerpt-content"> <div class="nav-menu-podcasts-item-desc"> <a class="nav-menu-podcasts-item-desc hed-heading" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/podcasts/ones-and-tooze/"> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <span style="padding-bottom:100%; " class="image-attachment -ratioscale"> <img width="150" height="150" alt="Illustration with Adam Tooze headshot on a green background with the text Ones &amp; Tooze" class="image -fit" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ones-and-Tooze-podcast-foreign-policy-logo-3000x3000-1.jpg?w=150?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ones-and-Tooze-podcast-foreign-policy-logo-3000x3000-1.jpg?quality=90 3000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ones-and-Tooze-podcast-foreign-policy-logo-3000x3000-1.jpg?resize=150,150&amp;quality=90 150w, 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https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ones-and-Tooze-podcast-foreign-policy-logo-3000x3000-1.jpg?resize=1920,1920&amp;quality=90 1920w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ones-and-Tooze-podcast-foreign-policy-logo-3000x3000-1.jpg?resize=1000,1000&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ones-and-Tooze-podcast-foreign-policy-logo-3000x3000-1.jpg?resize=325,325&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" loading="lazy" > </span> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Illustration with Adam Tooze headshot on a green background with the text Ones &amp; Tooze</figcaption> </figure> <h3 class="hed"> Ones and Tooze </h3> </a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-full-menu__column__list-item"> <!-- podcast series item --> <div class="excerpt-content"> <div class="nav-menu-podcasts-item-desc"> <a class="nav-menu-podcasts-item-desc hed-heading" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/podcasts/ispy/"> <figure 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Foreign Policy, 655 15th St NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC, 20005. </p> <!-- Third Row --> <div class="powered-by-wpcom--wrap opacity-80"> <div class="powered-by-wpcom--parent"> <span>Powered by <a href="https://wpvip.com/?utm_source=vip_powered_wpcom&#038;utm_medium=web&#038;utm_campaign=VIP%20Footer%20Credit&#038;utm_term=foreignpolicy.com" rel="generator nofollow" class="powered-by-wpcom">WordPress VIP</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div></div> </nav> </div> <section id="subscribe-takeover" role="dialog" tabindex="0" aria-label="Foreign Policy Magazine subscription options modal"> <svg class="subscribe-takeover-close" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 10 10" width="10" height="10" overflow="visible" stroke="white" stroke-width="1" stroke-linecap="round" aria-label="Close Foreign Policy Magazine subscription options modal" role="button" tabindex="0"> <line x1="0" y1="0" x2="10" y2="10" /> <line x1="10" y1="0" x2="0" y2="10" /> </svg> <iframe id="subscribe-takeover-iframe" src="data:text/html;charset=utf-8," data-src="?subscribe" style="width:100%;height:100%" title="Foreign Policy Magazine subscription options dialog"></iframe> </section> </header> <!-- Start Main --> <main data-inert-when-modal="true"> <div id="article_d_1" class="home-ad-region-1" aria-hidden="true"></div> <div id="main" class="staff-member-wrapper post-content" data-whitelist="true"> <div class="article"> <h1 class="title"> Michele Barbero </h1> <hr /> <div class="staff-bio"><div class="c-message_kit__gutter"> <div class="c-message_kit__gutter__right" data-qa="message_content"> <div dir="auto">Michele Barbero is an Italian journalist based in Paris.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-social-links"> Follow Michele Barbero: <a href="https://twitter.com/MicheleBarbero" target="_blank"><div class="staff-twitter-icon">On X</div></a> </div> <div class="staff-member-stories-by-title" data-author-name="michele-barbero"> Articles by Michele Barbero </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1186760"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2025/02/14/pope-francis-autobiography-politics-migration-trump-hope-book-review/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="Pope Francis waves to a large crowd from a jeep, surrounded by security guards and flashing lights." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?quality=90 3072w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=1536,1024&amp;quality=90 1536w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=2048,1365&amp;quality=90 2048w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=1920,1280&amp;quality=90 1920w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-pope-frances-hope-autobiography-catholic-vatican-GettyImages-2170483050-1.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Pope Francis waves to a large crowd from a jeep, surrounded by security guards and flashing lights.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2025/02/14/pope-francis-autobiography-politics-migration-trump-hope-book-review/"> <h3 class="hed"> A Hopeful Pope Francis Won’t Be Silenced </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/review/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Review </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2025-02-14" class="date-time"> February 14, 2025, 2:00 PM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1183252"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2025/01/07/jean-marie-le-pen-obituary-france-national-front-far-right/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="Jean-Marie Le Pen, a man in his 90s wearing a pinstriped suit, adjusts how he sits in a chair in front of a black wall. He is looking down and to the side, showing his face in partial profile." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jean-marie-le-pen-obit-lede-GettyImages-507242972.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jean-marie-le-pen-obit-lede-GettyImages-507242972.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jean-marie-le-pen-obit-lede-GettyImages-507242972.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jean-marie-le-pen-obit-lede-GettyImages-507242972.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jean-marie-le-pen-obit-lede-GettyImages-507242972.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jean-marie-le-pen-obit-lede-GettyImages-507242972.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jean-marie-le-pen-obit-lede-GettyImages-507242972.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jean-marie-le-pen-obit-lede-GettyImages-507242972.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Jean-Marie Le Pen, a man in his 90s wearing a pinstriped suit, adjusts how he sits in a chair in front of a black wall. He is looking down and to the side, showing his face in partial profile.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2025/01/07/jean-marie-le-pen-obituary-france-national-front-far-right/"> <h3 class="hed"> Jean-Marie Le Pen Embodied France’s Dark Side </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/obituary/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Obituary </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2025-01-07" class="date-time"> January 7, 2025, 9:15 AM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1154357"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/08/23/paris-2024-olympics-france-macron-medals-sports-marchand-wembanyama/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="French President Emmanuel Macron holds an Olympic gold medal as he delivers a speech to representatives of stakeholders who helped organize and host the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, seen at the Élysée Palace in Paris on Aug. 12." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Macron-France-Olympics-Paris-GettyImages-2165932609.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Macron-France-Olympics-Paris-GettyImages-2165932609.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Macron-France-Olympics-Paris-GettyImages-2165932609.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Macron-France-Olympics-Paris-GettyImages-2165932609.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Macron-France-Olympics-Paris-GettyImages-2165932609.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Macron-France-Olympics-Paris-GettyImages-2165932609.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Macron-France-Olympics-Paris-GettyImages-2165932609.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Macron-France-Olympics-Paris-GettyImages-2165932609.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">French President Emmanuel Macron holds an Olympic gold medal as he delivers a speech to representatives of stakeholders who helped organize and host the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, seen at the Élysée Palace in Paris on Aug. 12.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/08/23/paris-2024-olympics-france-macron-medals-sports-marchand-wembanyama/"> <h3 class="hed"> France’s Quest for Olympic Glory </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/channel/analysis/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Analysis </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2024-08-23" class="date-time"> August 23, 2024, 11:20 AM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1150080"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/07/11/paris-olympics-macron-hidalgo-snap-elections-politics-seine/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="French President Emmanuel Macron and Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo wear hard hats and orange construction vests as they stand against a clear blue sky. Macron looks to the left and gestures with one hand while Hidalgo looks in the same direction, smiling." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-olympics-paris-macron-hidalgo-GettyImages-1235872564.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-olympics-paris-macron-hidalgo-GettyImages-1235872564.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-olympics-paris-macron-hidalgo-GettyImages-1235872564.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-olympics-paris-macron-hidalgo-GettyImages-1235872564.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-olympics-paris-macron-hidalgo-GettyImages-1235872564.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-olympics-paris-macron-hidalgo-GettyImages-1235872564.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-olympics-paris-macron-hidalgo-GettyImages-1235872564.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-olympics-paris-macron-hidalgo-GettyImages-1235872564.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">French President Emmanuel Macron and Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo wear hard hats and orange construction vests as they stand against a clear blue sky. Macron looks to the left and gestures with one hand while Hidalgo looks in the same direction, smiling.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/07/11/paris-olympics-macron-hidalgo-snap-elections-politics-seine/"> <h3 class="hed"> The Competition for France’s Olympic Legacy </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/channel/analysis/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Analysis </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2024-07-11" class="date-time"> July 11, 2024, 10:12 AM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1129769"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/11/17/macron-israel-hamas-war-france-cease-fire/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="French President Emmanuel Macron answers journalists&#039; questions on the tarmac of Cairo&#039;s airport following his crisis diplomacy visits to Israel, the Palestinian territories, and Jordan." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/macron-israel-hamas-GettyImages-1745435444.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/macron-israel-hamas-GettyImages-1745435444.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/macron-israel-hamas-GettyImages-1745435444.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/macron-israel-hamas-GettyImages-1745435444.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/macron-israel-hamas-GettyImages-1745435444.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/macron-israel-hamas-GettyImages-1745435444.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/macron-israel-hamas-GettyImages-1745435444.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/macron-israel-hamas-GettyImages-1745435444.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">French President Emmanuel Macron answers journalists&#039; questions on the tarmac of Cairo&#039;s airport following his crisis diplomacy visits to Israel, the Palestinian territories, and Jordan.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/11/17/macron-israel-hamas-war-france-cease-fire/"> <h3 class="hed"> Macron Breaks Ranks With the West on Israel-Hamas War </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/news/dispatch/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Dispatch </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-11-17" class="date-time"> November 17, 2023, 6:00 AM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1128814"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; 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Meloni, a woman in her 40s wearing a black suit jacket, frowns slightly as she looks to the side." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MELONI-GettyImages-1244682377.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MELONI-GettyImages-1244682377.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MELONI-GettyImages-1244682377.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MELONI-GettyImages-1244682377.jpg?resize=550,366&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MELONI-GettyImages-1244682377.jpg?resize=768,511&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MELONI-GettyImages-1244682377.jpg?resize=400,266&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MELONI-GettyImages-1244682377.jpg?resize=1000,666&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MELONI-GettyImages-1244682377.jpg?resize=325,216&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni rests her chin on her hand as she sits in front of a microphone during a press conference in Rome. Meloni, a woman in her 40s wearing a black suit jacket, frowns slightly as she looks to the side.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/10/24/italy-immigration-right-wing-meloni-migrant-crisis/"> <h3 class="hed"> Giorgia Meloni Gets a Reality Check on Immigration </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/news/report/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Report </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-10-24" class="date-time"> October 24, 2023, 5:23 PM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1125052"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/09/25/france-water-crisis-climate-environment-drought-agriculture/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="Protesters hold torches as they take part in a banned demonstration against the government&#039;s pension reforms and a water basin project near Sainte-Soline, in Poitiers, western France." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/france-water-GettyImages-1258385853.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/france-water-GettyImages-1258385853.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/france-water-GettyImages-1258385853.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/france-water-GettyImages-1258385853.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/france-water-GettyImages-1258385853.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/france-water-GettyImages-1258385853.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/france-water-GettyImages-1258385853.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/france-water-GettyImages-1258385853.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Protesters hold torches as they take part in a banned demonstration against the government&#039;s pension reforms and a water basin project near Sainte-Soline, in Poitiers, western France.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/09/25/france-water-crisis-climate-environment-drought-agriculture/"> <h3 class="hed"> France’s Water War Has No End in Sight </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/news/report/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Report </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-09-25" class="date-time"> September 25, 2023, 2:31 PM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1122456"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/09/02/gulf-football-saudi-arabia-emirates-qatar-politics-soccer/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="Soccer player Cristiano Ronaldo runs across the grass on a pitch as he celebrates a goal. Ronaldo&#039;s arms are outstretched, and he sticks out his tongue as he looks up at the crowd in the stands." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/GULF-FOOTBALL-GettyImages-1631959439-1.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/GULF-FOOTBALL-GettyImages-1631959439-1.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/GULF-FOOTBALL-GettyImages-1631959439-1.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/GULF-FOOTBALL-GettyImages-1631959439-1.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/GULF-FOOTBALL-GettyImages-1631959439-1.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/GULF-FOOTBALL-GettyImages-1631959439-1.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/GULF-FOOTBALL-GettyImages-1631959439-1.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/GULF-FOOTBALL-GettyImages-1631959439-1.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Soccer player Cristiano Ronaldo runs across the grass on a pitch as he celebrates a goal. Ronaldo&#039;s arms are outstretched, and he sticks out his tongue as he looks up at the crowd in the stands.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/09/02/gulf-football-saudi-arabia-emirates-qatar-politics-soccer/"> <h3 class="hed"> The Gulf Is Playing Hardball With European Soccer </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/news/report/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Report </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-09-02" class="date-time"> September 2, 2023, 7:00 AM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1117626"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/07/03/france-riots-police-brutality-violence/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="Smoke rises from a bonfire near graffiti reading &quot;The police kills&quot; during clashes with police in the streets of Lyon, France." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/france-police-brutality.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/france-police-brutality.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/france-police-brutality.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/france-police-brutality.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/france-police-brutality.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/france-police-brutality.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/france-police-brutality.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/france-police-brutality.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Smoke rises from a bonfire near graffiti reading &quot;The police kills&quot; during clashes with police in the streets of Lyon, France.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/07/03/france-riots-police-brutality-violence/"> <h3 class="hed"> Why France Is Burning </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/news/dispatch/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Dispatch </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-07-03" class="date-time"> July 3, 2023, 2:00 PM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1116836"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/23/eu-migration-greece-shipwreck-border-law/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="Members of Greece’s Hellenic Coast Guard collect the bodies of victims who lost their lives after a boat carrying dozens of migrants sank in the Ionian Sea in Kalamata, Greece." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Greece-migration-shipwreck-2.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Greece-migration-shipwreck-2.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Greece-migration-shipwreck-2.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Greece-migration-shipwreck-2.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Greece-migration-shipwreck-2.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Greece-migration-shipwreck-2.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Greece-migration-shipwreck-2.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Greece-migration-shipwreck-2.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Members of Greece’s Hellenic Coast Guard collect the bodies of victims who lost their lives after a boat carrying dozens of migrants sank in the Ionian Sea in Kalamata, Greece.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/23/eu-migration-greece-shipwreck-border-law/"> <h3 class="hed"> The EU Is Building the Wall—at Least in Law </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/news/report/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Report </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-06-23" class="date-time"> June 23, 2023, 5:30 PM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1114906"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/08/france-defense-budget-macron-ukraine-russia/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="French President Emmanuel Macron visits the Mont-de-Marsan Air Base in southwestern France to deliver his New Year address to the French Army." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/French-Defense-Budget.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/French-Defense-Budget.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/French-Defense-Budget.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/French-Defense-Budget.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/French-Defense-Budget.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/French-Defense-Budget.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/French-Defense-Budget.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/French-Defense-Budget.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">French President Emmanuel Macron visits the Mont-de-Marsan Air Base in southwestern France to deliver his New Year address to the French Army.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/08/france-defense-budget-macron-ukraine-russia/"> <h3 class="hed"> Can France’s Big Bucks Fill the Defense Gaps? </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/news/report/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Report </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-06-08" class="date-time"> June 8, 2023, 7:00 AM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1112825"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/05/14/cannes-film-festival-french-riviera-tourism-history-review/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="Sunbathers under umbrellas line the beach with sailboats dotting the sea behind them in Cannes, France, on Sept. 1, 1948." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/french-riviera-cannes-GettyImages-451093419.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/french-riviera-cannes-GettyImages-451093419.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/french-riviera-cannes-GettyImages-451093419.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/french-riviera-cannes-GettyImages-451093419.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/french-riviera-cannes-GettyImages-451093419.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/french-riviera-cannes-GettyImages-451093419.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/french-riviera-cannes-GettyImages-451093419.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/french-riviera-cannes-GettyImages-451093419.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption style="height:0;opacity:0;">Sunbathers under umbrellas line the beach with sailboats dotting the sea behind them in Cannes, France, on Sept. 1, 1948.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="list-text"> <a class="hed-heading -excerpt" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/05/14/cannes-film-festival-french-riviera-tourism-history-review/"> <h3 class="hed"> How the French Riviera Got Its Glitz </h3> </a> <div class="meta-data -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/category/review/" class="department-name -excerpt "> Review </a> <p class="separator" aria-hidden="true">|</p> <address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-05-14" class="date-time"> May 14, 2023, 7:00 AM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1110798"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/04/25/france-pension-protests-police-violence-macron-europe/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="French police and members of the black bloc clash during a protest against pension reform in Toulouse, France." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/GettyImages-1250826179.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/GettyImages-1250826179.jpg?quality=90 4822w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/GettyImages-1250826179.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/GettyImages-1250826179.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/GettyImages-1250826179.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/GettyImages-1250826179.jpg?resize=1536,1024&amp;quality=90 1536w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/GettyImages-1250826179.jpg?resize=2048,1365&amp;quality=90 2048w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/GettyImages-1250826179.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, 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<address class="author-list -excerpt"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/michele-barbero/" data-author-id="1026786" class="author"> Michele Barbero</a></address> </div> <div class="meta-data -ago"> <time datetime="2023-04-25" class="date-time"> April 25, 2023, 9:54 AM </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="staff-member-post blog-list-layout" data-post-id="1108762"> <div class="excerpt-content--list "> <figure class="figure-image -nocaption"> <a style="padding-bottom:66.666666666667%; " href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/04/02/mussolini-grandchildren-broder-review-italian-history-fascism/" class="image-attachment -ratioscale horizontal-orientation"> <img width="800" height="533" alt="Italy&#039;s Benito Mussolini salutes during a public address circa 1938." style="width:auto;" class="image -fit horizontal-orientation" src="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/mussolini-italy-GettyImages-2660041.jpg?w=800?quality=90" srcset="https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/mussolini-italy-GettyImages-2660041.jpg?quality=90 1500w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/mussolini-italy-GettyImages-2660041.jpg?resize=150,100&amp;quality=90 150w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/mussolini-italy-GettyImages-2660041.jpg?resize=550,367&amp;quality=90 550w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/mussolini-italy-GettyImages-2660041.jpg?resize=768,512&amp;quality=90 768w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/mussolini-italy-GettyImages-2660041.jpg?resize=400,267&amp;quality=90 400w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/mussolini-italy-GettyImages-2660041.jpg?resize=1000,667&amp;quality=90 1000w, https://foreignpolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/mussolini-italy-GettyImages-2660041.jpg?resize=325,217&amp;quality=90 325w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" loading="lazy" > </a> <figcaption 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