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Roche Michel - Wikipedia

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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:24.5em; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Roche Michel</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output 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.pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:272px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:272px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:272px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roche Michel is located in France"><img alt="Roche Michel is located in France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/France_relief_location_map.jpg/272px-France_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/France_relief_location_map.jpg/408px-France_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/France_relief_location_map.jpg/544px-France_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1922" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.619%;left:81.108%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Roche Michel"><img alt="Roche Michel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/16px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/24px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/32px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="240" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:9px"><div>Roche Michel</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">France</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Highest&#160;point</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Summit" title="Summit">Elevation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3,406&#160;m (11,175&#160;ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mountains" title="Lists of mountains">Listing</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_the_Alps_above_3000_m" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mountains of the Alps above 3000 m">Alpine mountains above 3000 m</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Savoie" title="Savoie">Savoie</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_range" title="Mountain range"><span class="nowrap">Parent range</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Graian_Alps" title="Graian Alps">Graian Alps</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Roche Michel</b> is a mountain peak in the <a href="/wiki/Graian_Alps" title="Graian Alps">Graian Alps</a> in France.<sup id="cite_ref-gn2993976_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gn2993976-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is located in <a href="/wiki/Savoie" title="Savoie">Savoie</a>, the northeastern part of the country, very close to the Italian border and 500 km southeast of Paris. Roche Michel has an elevation of 3,406 meters above sea level [Note 2] or 3,429m per <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a> data.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roche_Michel&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roche Michel is a mountain peak in the <a href="/wiki/Graian_Alps" title="Graian Alps">Graian Alps</a> in <a href="/wiki/Savoie" title="Savoie">Savoie</a>, very close to the Italian border. The land around Roche Michel is mostly mountainous. [note 3] The highest point in the area is <a href="/wiki/Pointe_de_Charbonnel" title="Pointe de Charbonnel">Pointe de Charbonnel</a>, 3,752 meters above sea level, 5.8 km northeast of Roche Michel. [note 4] To the North is Pointe des Fallets (3,226m) and to the West Pointe du Lamet (3,504m) and to the Northwest Pointe de la Haie (3452m), which surround and enclose the Glacier de Roche Michel in a depression. </p><p>In the region around Roche Michel, mountains, and ice are very common. [note 5] while the surrounding area is almost covered in mixed forest.<sup id="cite_ref-nasalandcover_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasalandcover-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The nearest larger town is <a href="/wiki/Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis" title="Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis">Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis</a>, 12.0 km west of Roche Michel. Per NASA calculation, about 222 people per square kilometer live around Roche Michel, which would be relatively densely populated.<sup id="cite_ref-nasapop_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasapop-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The climate is continental. The average temperature is 7 °C. The warmest month is July, at 18 °C, and the coldest is December, at −3 °C. <sup id="cite_ref-nasa_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The average rainfall is 1,287 millimeters per year. The wettest month is November, with 197 millimeters of rain, and the driest is September, with 64 millimeters.<sup id="cite_ref-nasarain_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasarain-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roche_Michel&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roche Michel was first climbed by <a href="/wiki/Horace_B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dict_de_Saussure" title="Horace Bénédict de Saussure">Horace Bénédict de Saussure</a> in 1780.<sup id="cite_ref-coolidge_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coolidge-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2010, 3 hikers were killed in an avalanche during their attempt to climb Roche Michel.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Access">Access</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roche_Michel&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Access"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Access is either from the Southeast or via a very long itinerary from the Southwest. It requires good mountaineering skills, in an environment without trails. </p><p>For access via Mont Cenise from the SW the minimum time required is around 8 hours only to 3,253m, considerably longer to the peak of Roche Michel and various descent variants. The climb starts at Mont Cenise via Rifugio Stellina, passing the Baraccon de Chamois cottages (2655m). When the trail continues downhill, one crosses a stream. Just before the Lamet cottages, one starts to climb in Northeasterly direction over steep meadows to reach a ridge at 2,500m. The steep ridge leads into the upper part of Pian Ciardun, following the grassy slopes that then open into a field of debris and boulder towards the base of the wall of 3,253m. One climbs the ridge in Northwesterly direction to reach the highest peak marked with a stone cairn.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roche_Michel&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Correct position based on height data (DEM 3") from Viewfinder Panoramas.<sup id="cite_ref-vp_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vp-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Calculated from height data (DEM 3") from Viewfinder Panoramas.<sup id="cite_ref-vp_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vp-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Calculated from the intersection of all height data (DEM 3") from Viewfinder Panoramas, within a 10 kilometer radius.<sup id="cite_ref-vp_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vp-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>The point that is highest above the local horizon, according to the elevation data of GeoNames.<sup id="cite_ref-gn2993976_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gn2993976-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Less than 20 kilometers away compared to the average density of Earth, according to GeoNames.<sup id="cite_ref-gn2993976_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gn2993976-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roche_Michel&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gn2993976-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gn2993976_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gn2993976_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gn2993976_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geonames.org/2993976/roche%20michel.html">Roche Michel</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geonames.org/about.html">Geonames.org (cc-by)</a>; post updated 2016-02-18; database download on 2017-02-07</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gulliver.it/itinerari/michel-roche-e-quota-3253-m-cresta-ese/#map">"Michel (Roche) e quota 3253 m cresta E/SE"</a>. <i>/www.gulliver.it/</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%2Fwww.gulliver.it%2F&amp;rft.atitle=Michel+%28Roche%29+e+quota+3253+m+cresta+E%2FSE&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulliver.it%2Fitinerari%2Fmichel-roche-e-quota-3253-m-cresta-ese%2F%23map&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasalandcover-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nasalandcover_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=MCD12C1_T1">"NASA Earth Observations: Land Cover Classification"</a>. NASA/MODIS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=NASA+Earth+Observations%3A+Land+Cover+Classification&amp;rft.pub=NASA%2FMODIS&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fview.php%3FdatasetId%3DMCD12C1_T1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasapop-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nasapop_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=SEDAC_POP">"NASA Earth Observations: Population Density"</a>. NASA/SEDAC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=NASA+Earth+Observations%3A+Population+Density&amp;rft.pub=NASA%2FSEDAC&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fview.php%3FdatasetId%3DSEDAC_POP&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasa-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nasa_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php">"NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index"</a>. NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=NASA+Earth+Observations+Data+Set+Index&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fdataset_index.php&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasarain-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nasarain_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M">"NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month - TRMM)"</a>. NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=NASA+Earth+Observations%3A+Rainfall+%281+month+-+TRMM%29&amp;rft.pub=NASA%2FTropical+Rainfall+Monitoring+Mission&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fview.php%3FdatasetId%3DTRMM_3B43M&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-coolidge-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-coolidge_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span>&#160;</span>This article&#160;incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>:&#160;<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoolidge1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/W._A._B._Coolidge" title="W. A. B. Coolidge">Coolidge, William Augustus Brevoort</a> (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Saussure,_Horace_B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dict_de" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Saussure, Horace Bénédict de">Saussure, Horace Bénédict de</a>". In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol.&#160;24 (11th&#160;ed.). Cambridge University Press. p.&#160;238.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Saussure%2C+Horace+B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dict+de&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.pages=238&amp;rft.edition=11th&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1911&amp;rft.aulast=Coolidge&amp;rft.aufirst=William+Augustus+Brevoort&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ledauphine.com/savoie/2010/11/04/l-avalanche-est-partie-du-sommet-de-roche-michel">"après l'avalanche de lundi en Maurienne. La coulée de neige meurtrière est partie du sommet de Roche Michel"</a> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=apr%C3%A8s+l%27avalanche+de+lundi+en+Maurienne.+La+coul%C3%A9e+de+neige+meurtri%C3%A8re+est+partie+du+sommet+de+Roche+Michel&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ledauphine.com%2Fsavoie%2F2010%2F11%2F04%2Fl-avalanche-est-partie-du-sommet-de-roche-michel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gulliver.it/itinerari/michel-roche-e-quota-3253-m-cresta-ese/#main">"Michel (Roche) e quota 3253 m cresta E/SE"</a>. <i>Gulliver</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Gulliver&amp;rft.atitle=Michel+%28Roche%29+e+quota+3253+m+cresta+E%2FSE&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gulliver.it%2Fitinerari%2Fmichel-roche-e-quota-3253-m-cresta-ese%2F%23main&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vp-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vp_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vp_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vp_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/dem3.html">"Viewfinder Panoramas Digital elevation Model"</a>. 2015-06-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Viewfinder+Panoramas+Digital+elevation+Model&amp;rft.date=2015-06-21&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.viewfinderpanoramas.org%2Fdem3.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoche+Michel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><br /> <span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6696b4cc84‐vql9b Cached time: 20241122201429 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.425 seconds Real time usage: 0.775 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3446/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26557/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1610/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 35282/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.287/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 16058256/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 754.518 1 -total 60.85% 459.101 1 Template:Infobox_mountain 58.70% 442.916 1 Template:Infobox 24.76% 186.825 1 Template:Reflist 19.29% 145.534 1 Template:Location_map 17.15% 129.405 7 Template:Cite_web 14.65% 110.518 1 Template:Native_name_checker 14.52% 109.593 20 Template:If_empty 9.84% 74.282 1 Template:Short_description 7.61% 57.385 16 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:78096164-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122201429 and revision id 1258490557. 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