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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-言 rootpage-言 skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">言</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="disambig-see-also">See also: <a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%81" title="訁">訁</a> and <a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A0" title="讠">讠</a></div> <table class="wikitable floatright character-info" style="width:25em;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 70px;" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td>言</td><td> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/character.jsp?a=8A00">U+8A00</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references" class="extiw" title="w:List of XML and HTML character entity references">&#35328;</a> <div class="character-sample-name">CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A00</div></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="width:100%;font-size:80%;white-space:nowrap"><tbody><tr><td style="width:50%;text-align:left"></td><td style="width:50%;text-align:right"></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td style="width:20%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%BF" title="觿">← 觿 [U+89FF]</a> </td><td style="width:60%;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Unicode/CJK_Unified_Ideographs" title="Appendix:Unicode/CJK Unified Ideographs">CJK Unified Ideographs</a> </td><td style="width:20%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%81" title="訁">訁 → [U+8A01]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75637847">.mw-parser-output .character-sample{display:inline-block;min-width:1em;font-size:300%;text-align:center;background:rgb(0,0,0);background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.mw-parser-output .character-sample>:only-child{display:block}.mw-parser-output .character-sample-primary{display:inline-table;min-width:1.1em;font-size:300%;line-height:110%;text-align:center;background:rgb(0,0,0);background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1);height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .character-sample-secondary{display:inline-block;min-width:1em;text-align:center}</style> <table class="wikitable floatright character-info" style="width:25em;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 70px;" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td>⾔</td><td> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/character.jsp?a=2F94">U+2F94</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references" class="extiw" title="w:List of XML and HTML character entity references">&#12180;</a> <div class="character-sample-name">KANGXI RADICAL SPEECH</div></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="width:100%;font-size:80%;white-space:nowrap"><tbody><tr><td style="width:50%;text-align:left"></td><td style="width:50%;text-align:right"></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td style="width:20%"><a href="/wiki/%E2%BE%93" class="mw-redirect" title="⾓">← ⾓ [U+2F93]</a> </td><td style="width:60%;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Unicode/Kangxi_Radicals" title="Appendix:Unicode/Kangxi Radicals">Kangxi Radicals</a> </td><td style="width:20%"><a href="/wiki/%E2%BE%95" class="mw-redirect" title="⾕">⾕ → [U+2F95]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r75637847"> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Translingual">1 Translingual</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Alternative_forms">1.1 Alternative forms</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Han_character">1.2 Han character</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="#Derived_characters">1.2.1 Derived characters</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#See_also">1.2.2 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#References">1.2.3 References</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Chinese">2 Chinese</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Glyph_origin">2.1 Glyph origin</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Etymology">2.2 Etymology</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Pronunciation">2.3 Pronunciation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Definitions">2.4 Definitions</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="#Synonyms">2.4.1 Synonyms</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Compounds">2.5 Compounds</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#References_2">2.6 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Further_reading">2.7 Further reading</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Japanese">3 Japanese</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Kanji">3.1 Kanji</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-18"><a href="#Readings">3.1.1 Readings</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="#Compounds_2">3.1.2 Compounds</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Etymology_1">3.2 Etymology 1</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-21"><a href="#Pronunciation_2">3.2.1 Pronunciation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-22"><a href="#Noun">3.2.2 Noun</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-23"><a href="#Synonyms_2">3.2.2.1 Synonyms</a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-24"><a href="#Antonyms">3.2.2.2 Antonyms</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#Etymology_2">3.3 Etymology 2</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-26"><a href="#Pronunciation_3">3.3.1 Pronunciation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-27"><a href="#Noun_2">3.3.2 Noun</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="#References_3">3.4 References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="#Korean">4 Korean</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="#Etymology_1_2">4.1 Etymology 1</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-31"><a href="#Pronunciation_4">4.1.1 Pronunciation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-32"><a href="#Hanja">4.1.2 Hanja</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-33"><a href="#Compounds_3">4.1.3 Compounds</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="#Etymology_2_2">4.2 Etymology 2</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-35"><a href="#Hanja_2">4.2.1 Hanja</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-36"><a href="#Compounds_4">4.2.2 Compounds</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-37"><a href="#References_4">4.3 References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-38"><a href="#Okinawan">5 Okinawan</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-39"><a href="#Kanji_2">5.1 Kanji</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-40"><a href="#Readings_2">5.1.1 Readings</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-41"><a href="#Compounds_5">5.1.2 Compounds</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-42"><a href="#Noun_3">5.2 Noun</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-43"><a href="#Vietnamese">6 Vietnamese</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-44"><a href="#Han_character_2">6.1 Han character</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-45"><a href="#Compounds_6">6.1.1 Compounds</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translingual">Translingual</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Translingual">edit</a>]</div> <table class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Stroke order </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:5px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%A8%80-order.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%E8%A8%80-order.gif/100px-%E8%A8%80-order.gif" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%E8%A8%80-order.gif/150px-%E8%A8%80-order.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%E8%A8%80-order.gif/200px-%E8%A8%80-order.gif 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable floatright"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#dfefff;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanji" class="extiw" title="w:Kanji">Japanese</a> </th> <td style="font-size:2em; line-height:1;" lang="ja" class="Jpan"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">言</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#dfefff;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Simplified Chinese">Simplified</a> </th> <td style="font-size:2em; line-height:1;" lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">言</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#dfefff;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Traditional Chinese">Traditional</a> </th> <td style="font-size:2em; line-height:1;" lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">言</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Alternative forms">edit</a>]</div> Note that in Japanese and Korean (printed forms), the <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A0" title="亠">亠</a> component on top is written <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C" title="二">二</a> (as found in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangxi_dictionary" class="extiw" title="w:Kangxi dictionary">Kangxi dictionary</a>). In traditional/simplified Chinese and Vietnamese, the top component is written <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B6" title="丶">丶</a>. In written Japanese, the top component may be written either <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80" title="一">一</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B6" title="丶">丶</a> or <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A8" title="丨">丨</a> (small vertical stroke). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Han_character">Han character</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Han character">edit</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0;font-size:74%;background:#f9f3f6;width:120px;padding:3px;spacing:0;text-align:center;float:right"><div style="float:left"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Radical_149" title="commons:Category:Radical 149"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/48px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Radical_149-0" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Radical 149-0">See images of Radical 149 <big>言</big></a></div>言 (<a href="/wiki/Kangxi_radical" title="Kangxi radical">Kangxi radical</a> 149, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_radical/%E8%A8%80" title="Appendix:Chinese radical/言">言</a>+0, 7 strokes, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_Cangjie" title="Appendix:Chinese Cangjie">cangjie input</a> 卜一一口 (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_Cangjie/y" class="mw-redirect" title="Appendix:Chinese Cangjie/y">YMMR</a>), <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_four_corner" title="Appendix:Chinese four corner">four-corner</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_four_corner/0" title="Appendix:Chinese four corner/0">00601</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_character_description_languages#Ideographic_Description_Sequences" class="extiw" title="w:Chinese character description languages">composition</a> ⿳<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A0#Translingual" title="亠">亠</a><a href="/wiki/%F0%A0%84%A0#Translingual" title="𠄠">𠄠</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3#Translingual" title="口">口</a>(GHTV) or ⿱<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%96#Translingual" title="亖">亖</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3#Translingual" title="口">口</a>(JK)) <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Kangxi_radical" title="Kangxi radical">Kangxi radical</a> #149, <a href="/wiki/%E2%BE%94#Translingual" class="mw-redirect" title="⾔">⾔</a>. </li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi" class="extiw" title="w:Shuowen Jiezi">Shuowen Jiezi</a> radical №56</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_characters">Derived characters</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Derived characters">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_radical/%E8%A8%80" title="Appendix:Chinese radical/言">Appendix:Chinese radical/言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1#Translingual" title="信">信</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%94%81#Translingual" title="唁">唁</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AB%AD%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𫭷 (page does not exist)">𫭷</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%AE#Translingual" title="娮">娮</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A1%A5%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𡥪 (page does not exist)">𡥪</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A2%9A%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𢚘 (page does not exist)">𢚘</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%B5%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣵧 (page does not exist)">𣵧</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%BA#Translingual" title="狺">狺</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AC%AF%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𬯂 (page does not exist)">𬯂</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E9%80%99#Translingual" title="這">這</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AD%AA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𭪐 (page does not exist)">𭪐</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%A8%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣨌 (page does not exist)">𣨌</a>, <a href="/wiki/%F0%A4%89%98#Translingual" title="𤉘">𤉘</a>, <a href="/wiki/%F0%AA%BA%9E#Translingual" title="𪺞">𪺞</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%90%82#Translingual" title="琂">琂</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AB%80%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𫀎 (page does not exist)">𫀎</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A4%AF%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𤯆 (page does not exist)">𤯆</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%82%B4#Translingual" title="䂴">䂴</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AC%9A%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𬚝 (page does not exist)">𬚝</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AC%9C%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𬜇 (page does not exist)">𬜇</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A7%A0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𧠻 (page does not exist)">𧠻</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A8%A1%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𨡄 (page does not exist)">𨡄</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A8%A6%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𨦼 (page does not exist)">𨦼</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%A9%A7#Translingual" title="䩧">䩧</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AC%A9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𬩋 (page does not exist)">𬩋</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AA%98%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𪘎 (page does not exist)">𪘎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%9A%AF#Translingual" title="䚯">䚯</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%9A%BA#Translingual" title="䚺">䚺</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%9A%BF#Translingual" title="䚿">䚿</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AB%91%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𫑟 (page does not exist)">𫑟</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A0%9F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𠟸 (page does not exist)">𠟸</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E6%82%A5#Translingual" title="悥">悥</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AC%BE%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𬾕 (page does not exist)">𬾕</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E3%9D%98#Translingual" title="㝘">㝘</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%93%82#Translingual" title="䓂">䓂</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%81%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣁎 (page does not exist)">𣁎</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%87%BE#Translingual" title="䇾">䇾</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A6%8E%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𦎍 (page does not exist)">𦎍</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A8%A7%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𨧕 (page does not exist)">𨧕</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%85#Translingual" title="霅">霅</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A5%95%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𥕔 (page does not exist)">𥕔</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E3%A2%87#Translingual" title="㢇">㢇</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A1%B9%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𡹼 (page does not exist)">𡹼</a>, <a href="/wiki/%F0%A4%B6%98#Translingual" title="𤶘">𤶘</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%B4%A6#Translingual" title="䴦">䴦</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%84#Translingual" title="獄">獄</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A7%97%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𧗳 (page does not exist)">𧗳</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E3%AF%8E#Translingual" title="㯎">㯎</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%AF#Translingual" title="辯">辯</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A0%A5%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𠥇 (page does not exist)">𠥇</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A0%A5%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𠥵 (page does not exist)">𠥵</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%81#Translingual" title="圁">圁</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%87%AE#Translingual" title="燮">燮</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%91#Translingual" title="夑">夑</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%88%95#Translingual" title="爕">爕</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%9A%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣚞 (page does not exist)">𣚞</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A4%85%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𤅗 (page does not exist)">𤅗</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="See_also">See also</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%81#Chinese" title="訁">訁</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A0#Chinese" title="讠">讠</a> (yán) (when used as a left Chinese radical).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="References">References</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Kangxi Dictionary: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kangxizidian.com/v1/index.php?page=1146">page 1146</a>, character 1</li> <li>Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35205</li> <li>Dae Jaweon: page 1612, character 20</li> <li>Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3936, character 1</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=8A00">Unihan data for U+8A00</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chinese">Chinese</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Chinese">edit</a>]</div> <table class="floatright" style="clear: right;margin: 1em 0 1em 1em;border-collapse: collapse;text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;background: var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff);font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" title="Simplified Chinese">simp.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese" title="Traditional Chinese">trad.</a> </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:var(--wikt-palette-white, #ffffff);border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hani" class="Hani">言 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Glyph_origin">Glyph origin</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Glyph origin">edit</a>]</div> <div style="overflow:auto;width:fit-content;max-width:100%"> <table class="wikitable zh-glyph" cellpadding="7" style="border-spacing: 1px; border: 1px solid darkgray; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th class="vsToggleElement" colspan="4">Historical forms of the character 言 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty" class="extiw" title="w:Shang dynasty">Shang</a> </th> <th colspan="1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou" class="extiw" title="w:Western Zhou">Western Zhou</a> </th> <th colspan="1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi" class="extiw" title="w:Shuowen Jiezi">Shuowen Jiezi</a> (compiled in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty" class="extiw" title="w:Han dynasty">Han</a>) </th> <th colspan="1">Liushutong (compiled in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty" class="extiw" title="w:Ming dynasty">Ming</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script" class="extiw" title="w:Oracle bone script">Oracle bone script</a> </th> <th><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions" class="extiw" title="w:Chinese bronze inscriptions">Bronze inscriptions</a> </th> <th><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_seal_script" class="extiw" title="w:Small seal script">Small seal script</a> </th> <th>Transcribed ancient scripts </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 8px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%A8%80-oracle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/%E8%A8%80-oracle.svg/60px-%E8%A8%80-oracle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/%E8%A8%80-oracle.svg/90px-%E8%A8%80-oracle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/%E8%A8%80-oracle.svg/120px-%E8%A8%80-oracle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a> </td> <td style="padding: 8px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%A8%80-bronze.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/%E8%A8%80-bronze.svg/60px-%E8%A8%80-bronze.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/%E8%A8%80-bronze.svg/90px-%E8%A8%80-bronze.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/%E8%A8%80-bronze.svg/120px-%E8%A8%80-bronze.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a> </td> <td style="padding: 8px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%A8%80-seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/%E8%A8%80-seal.svg/60px-%E8%A8%80-seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/%E8%A8%80-seal.svg/90px-%E8%A8%80-seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/%E8%A8%80-seal.svg/120px-%E8%A8%80-seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a> </td> <td style="padding: 8px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%A8%80-bigseal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E8%A8%80-bigseal.svg/60px-%E8%A8%80-bigseal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E8%A8%80-bigseal.svg/90px-%E8%A8%80-bigseal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E8%A8%80-bigseal.svg/120px-%E8%A8%80-bigseal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="NavFrame" style="border:0px; max-width: 37em; text-align:center;"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey, #9e9e9e); background-color:var(--wikt-palette-indigo, #aaaaee); text-align:center;">Characters in the same <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/phonetic_series" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/phonetic series">phonetic series</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">言</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/references" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/references">Zhengzhang, 2003</a>)  </div><div class="NavContent"> <table class="wikitable zh-glyph" style="margin-top: 0; width: 100%; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center"> </th> <th>Old Chinese </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%81#Chinese" title="唁">唁</a> </td> <td>*ŋrans </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%99#Chinese" title="這">這</a> </td> <td>*ŋrans </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Chinese">言</a> </td> <td>*ŋan </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%82#Chinese" title="琂">琂</a> </td> <td>*ŋan </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%81#Chinese" title="圁">圁</a> </td> <td>*ŋrɯn </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%BE#Chinese" title="誾">誾</a> </td> <td>*ŋrɯn </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%94#Chinese" title="訔">訔</a> </td> <td>*ŋrɯn </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%BA#Chinese" title="狺">狺</a> </td> <td>*ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> Ideogram (<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E4%BA%8B#Chinese" title="指事">指事</a>) : 言 was created by adding a horizontal stroke to the top of the ancient version of <a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C#Chinese" title="舌">舌</a> to indicate movement of the tongue.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> This indicates speech, where 舌 is a mouth (<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3#Chinese" title="口">口</a>) with a tongue sticking out; hence 舌 doesn't indicate the speech, but the tongue as an organ of the body. In the modern version, another horizontal stroke (then stylized as a point) was added on top and the vertical body of the tongue disappeared. See also <a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3" title="音">音</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen" class="extiw" title="w:Shuowen">Shuowen</a> erroneously analyzes the glyph as a <a href="/wiki/phonosemantic" title="phonosemantic">phono-semantic</a> compound (<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E8%81%B2#Chinese" title="形聲">形聲</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E5%A3%B0#Chinese" title="形声">形声</a>) : phonetic <a href="/wiki/%E4%87%82#Chinese" title="䇂">䇂</a> () + semantic <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3#Chinese" title="口">口</a> (“mouth”). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> According to <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/references#S" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/references">Schuessler (2007: 74)</a> this word is derived from <a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E#Chinese" title="語">語</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">OC</a> *ŋaʔ, “to speak”) + -n nominal suffix. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="standard-box zhpron" style="overflow:auto; max-width:500px; font-size:100%"><div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Chinese">Standard</a>) <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Pinyin">Pinyin</a>): <a href="/wiki/y%C3%A1n" title="yán">yán</a> (<a href="/wiki/yan2" title="yan2">yan2</a>)</dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuyin" class="extiw" title="w:Zhuyin">Zhuyin</a>): ㄧㄢˊ</dd></dl></dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuanese_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sichuanese dialect">Chengdu</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuanese_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Sichuanese Pinyin">Sichuanese Pinyin</a>): yan2</dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungan_language" class="extiw" title="w:Dungan language">Dungan</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungan_alphabet" class="extiw" title="w:Dungan alphabet">Cyrillic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Dungan_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Dungan transliteration">Wiktionary</a>): <a href="/wiki/%D1%8F%D0%BD#Dungan" title="ян">ян</a> (i͡an, II)</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese">Cantonese</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou Cantonese">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong Cantonese">Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a>): <a href="/wiki/jin4" title="jin4">jin4</a></dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taishanese" class="extiw" title="w:Taishanese">Taishan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Cantonese/Taishanese" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Cantonese/Taishanese">Wiktionary</a>): ngun3</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gan_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Gan Chinese">Gan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Gan" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Gan">Wiktionary</a>): nyien4</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Sixian</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pha%CC%8Dk-fa-s%E1%B9%B3" class="extiw" title="w:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ">PFS</a>): ngièn / ngiàn</dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Meixian dialect">Meixian</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" class="extiw" title="w:Guangdong Romanization">Guangdong</a>): ngian2</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Jin Chinese">Jin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Jin" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Jin">Wiktionary</a>): ie1</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Northern Min">Northern Min</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kienning_Colloquial_Romanized" class="extiw" title="w:Kienning Colloquial Romanized">KCR</a>): ngṳ̂ing</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Eastern_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Eastern Min">BUC</a>): ngiòng</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puxian_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Puxian Min">Puxian Min</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Puxian_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Puxian Min">Pouseng Ping'ing</a>): ngoeng2 / ngyeng2 / ngyng2</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Southern Min">Southern Min</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a>): <a href="/w/index.php?title=gi%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="giân (page does not exist)">giân</a> / <a href="/wiki/g%C3%A2n#Hokkien" title="gân">gân</a> / <a href="/wiki/g%C3%AAn#Hokkien" title="gên">gên</a></dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Teochew dialect">Teochew</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng%27im" class="extiw" title="w:Peng'im">Peng'im</a>): ngang5</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Wu Chinese">Wu</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Wu" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Wu">Wugniu</a>): 6yi</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiang_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Xiang Chinese">Xiang</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changsha_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Changsha dialect">Changsha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Xiang" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Xiang">Wiktionary</a>): ienn2</li></ul> <div class="vsHide" style="clear:right;"> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Chinese">Standard Chinese</a>)<abbr title="Add Mandarin homophones"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module%3Azh%2Fdata%2Fcmn-hom%2F4&action=edit">+</a></abbr> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a>: <a href="/wiki/y%C3%A1n#Mandarin" title="yán">yán</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuyin" class="extiw" title="w:Zhuyin">Zhuyin</a>: ㄧㄢˊ</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a>: yán</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" class="extiw" title="w:Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a>: yen2</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale</a>: yán</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwoyeu_Romatzyh" class="extiw" title="w:Gwoyeu Romatzyh">Gwoyeu Romatzyh</a>: yan</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Cyrillization of Chinese">Palladius</a>: янь (janʹ)</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Mandarin_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Mandarin pronunciation">key</a>): /jɛn³⁵/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chengdu" class="extiw" title="w:Chengdu">Chengdu</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuanese_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Sichuanese Pinyin">Sichuanese Pinyin</a>: yan2</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E8%AF%9D%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%8C%96%E6%96%B0%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" class="extiw" title="w:zh:四川话拉丁化新文字">Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz</a>: ian</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%88%90%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%9D" class="extiw" title="w:zh:成都话">key</a>): /iɛn²¹/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungan_language" class="extiw" title="w:Dungan language">Dungan</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungan_alphabet" class="extiw" title="w:Dungan alphabet">Cyrillic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Dungan_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Dungan transliteration">Wiktionary</a>: <a href="/wiki/%D1%8F%D0%BD#Dungan" title="ян">ян</a> (i͡an, II)</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungan_phonology" class="extiw" title="w:Dungan phonology">key</a>): /iæ̃⁵¹/</li></ul> <dl><dd>(Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)</dd></dl></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese">Cantonese</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Cantonese">Standard Cantonese</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou Cantonese">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong Cantonese">Hong Kong</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a>: jin4</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale</a>: yìhn</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese Pinyin">Cantonese Pinyin</a>: jin4</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization" class="extiw" title="w:Guangdong Romanization">Guangdong Romanization</a>: yin4</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_phonology" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese phonology">key</a>): /jiːn²¹/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taishanese" class="extiw" title="w:Taishanese">Taishanese</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taicheng_Subdistrict" class="extiw" title="w:Taicheng Subdistrict">Taicheng</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Cantonese/Taishanese" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Cantonese/Taishanese">Wiktionary</a>: ngun3</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taishanese" class="extiw" title="w:Taishanese">key</a>): /ᵑɡun²²/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gan_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Gan Chinese">Gan</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanchang dialect">Nanchang</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Gan" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Gan">Wiktionary</a>: nyien4</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanchang dialect">key</a>): /n̠ʲiɛn³⁵/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Hakka" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Hakka">Hakka</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Northern Sixian</a>, incl. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miaoli_City" class="extiw" title="w:Miaoli City">Miaoli</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pha%CC%8Dk-fa-s%E1%B9%B3" class="extiw" title="w:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ">Pha̍k-fa-sṳ</a>: ngièn</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hakka_Romanization_System" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System">Hakka Romanization System</a>: ngienˇ</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagfa_Pinyim" class="extiw" title="w:Hagfa Pinyim">Hagfa Pinyim</a>: ngian2</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>: /ŋi̯en¹¹/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Southern Sixian</a>, incl. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neipu" class="extiw" title="w:Neipu">Neipu</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pha%CC%8Dk-fa-s%E1%B9%B3" class="extiw" title="w:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ">Pha̍k-fa-sṳ</a>: ngiàn</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hakka_Romanization_System" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System">Hakka Romanization System</a>: ngianˇ</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagfa_Pinyim" class="extiw" title="w:Hagfa Pinyim">Hagfa Pinyim</a>: ngian2</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>: /ŋi̯an¹¹/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Meixian dialect">Meixian</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" class="extiw" title="w:Guangdong Romanization">Guangdong</a>: ngian2</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>: /ŋian¹¹/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Jin Chinese">Jin</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiyuan" class="extiw" title="w:Taiyuan">Taiyuan</a>)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%A4%AA%E5%8E%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:太原話">+</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Jin" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Jin">Wiktionary</a>: ie1</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (old-style): /ie¹¹/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Northern Min">Northern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jian%27ou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jian'ou dialect">Jian'ou</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kienning_Colloquial_Romanized" class="extiw" title="w:Kienning Colloquial Romanized">Kienning Colloquial Romanized</a>: ngṳ̂ing</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jian%27ou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jian'ou dialect">key</a>): /ŋyiŋ³³/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Eastern_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Eastern Min">Bàng-uâ-cê</a>: ngiòng</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">key</a>): /ŋyoŋ⁵³/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Puxian_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Puxian Min">Puxian Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Putian dialect">Putian</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Puxian_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Puxian Min">Pouseng Ping'ing</a>: ngoeng2</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%E2%80%93Xian_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Pu–Xian Min">key</a>): /ŋœŋ¹³/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xianyou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Xianyou dialect">Xianyou</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Puxian_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Puxian Min">Pouseng Ping'ing</a>: ngyeng2</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%E2%80%93Xian_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Pu–Xian Min">key</a>): /ŋyøŋ¹³/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xianyou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Xianyou dialect">Xianyou</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Puxian_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Puxian Min">Pouseng Ping'ing</a>: ngyng2</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%E2%80%93Xian_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Pu–Xian Min">key</a>): /ŋyŋ¹³/</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="border: 1px solid var(--wikt-palette-forestgreen, #235923); padding: 4px; margin: 8px; background: var(--wikt-palette-lightyellow, #ffffe0); font-size: 85%">Note: <ul><li>ngoeng2/ngyeng2 - literary;</li> <li>ngyng2 - literary variant.</li></ul></div><ul> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Southern Min">Southern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinjiang,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Jinjiang, Fujian">Jinjiang</a>, General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=gi%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="giân (page does not exist)">giân</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: giân</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a>: gieen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinjiang,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Jinjiang, Fujian">Jinjiang</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taipei" class="extiw" title="w:Taipei">Taipei</a>): /ɡiɛn²⁴/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaohsiung" class="extiw" title="w:Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a>): /ɡiɛn²³/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/wiki/g%C3%A2n#Hokkien" title="gân">gân</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: gân</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a>: gaan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>): /ɡan¹³/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hui%27an_County" class="extiw" title="w:Hui'an County">Hui'an</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/wiki/g%C3%AAn#Hokkien" title="gên">gên</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: gên</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a>: geen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hui%27an_County" class="extiw" title="w:Hui'an County">Hui'an</a>): /ɡen²⁴/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Teochew dialect">Teochew</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng%27im" class="extiw" title="w:Peng'im">Peng'im</a>: ngang5</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>-like: ngâng</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1#語音" class="extiw" title="w:zh:潮州話">key</a>): /ŋaŋ⁵⁵/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Wu Chinese">Wu</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taihu_Wu" class="extiw" title="w:Taihu Wu">Northern</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Wu" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Wu">Wugniu</a>: 6yi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Wu" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Wu">MiniDict</a>: yi去</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Wu" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Wu">Wiktionary Romanisation</a> (Shanghai): 3hhi</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a>): /ɦi²³/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiang_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Xiang Chinese">Xiang</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changsha_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Changsha dialect">Changsha</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Xiang" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Xiang">Wiktionary</a>: ienn2</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changsha_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Changsha dialect">key</a>): /i̯ẽ¹³/</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <hr style="clear:right;" /> <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations" style="background-color:#FAFFFA"> <ul><li>Dialectal data</li></ul> <div class="vsHide"> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#E8ECFA">Variety </th> <th style="background:#E8ECFA">Location </th> <th style="background:#E8ECFA; width:9em"><div style="float: right; clear: right; font-size:60%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module%3Azh%2Fdata%2Fdial-pron%2F%E8%A8%80&action=edit">edit</a></div>言 </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="17" style="background:#FAF5F0">Mandarin </th> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Beijing dialect">Beijing</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iɛn³⁵/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbin_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Harbin dialect">Harbin</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ian²⁴/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjin_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Tianjin dialect">Tianjin</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ian⁴⁵/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinan_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jinan dialect">Jinan</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iã⁴²/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qingdao_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Qingdao dialect">Qingdao</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iã⁴²/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%84%AD%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:鄭州話">Zhengzhou</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ian⁴²/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Xi'an dialect">Xi'an</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iã²⁴/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xining" class="extiw" title="w:Xining">Xining</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iã²⁴/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinchuan" class="extiw" title="w:Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ian⁵³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%98%AD%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:蘭州話">Lanzhou</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iɛ̃n⁵³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E7%83%8F%E9%AD%AF%E6%9C%A8%E9%BD%8A%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:烏魯木齊話">Ürümqi</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ian⁵¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%AD%A6%E6%BC%A2%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:武漢話">Wuhan</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iɛn²¹³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chengdu_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Chengdu dialect">Chengdu</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ian³¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%B2%B4%E9%99%BD%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:貴陽話">Guiyang</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ian²¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunming_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Kunming dialect">Kunming</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iɛ̃³¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanjing_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanjing dialect">Nanjing</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ien²⁴/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%90%88%E8%82%A5%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:合肥話">Hefei</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/iĩ⁵⁵/ </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jin </th> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%A4%AA%E5%8E%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:太原話">Taiyuan</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ie¹¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pingyao" class="extiw" title="w:Pingyao">Pingyao</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ȵie̞¹³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hohhot_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hohhot dialect">Hohhot</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0">/ie³¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#F4F0FA">Wu </th> <th style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a> </th> <td style="background:#F4F0FA">/ɦi²³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Suzhou dialect">Suzhou</a> </th> <td style="background:#F4F0FA">/ɦiɪ¹³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hangzhou dialect">Hangzhou</a> </th> <td style="background:#F4F0FA">/ɦiẽ̞²¹³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Wenzhou dialect">Wenzhou</a> </th> <td style="background:#F4F0FA">/ȵi³¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#FAF9F0">Hui </th> <th style="background:#FAF9F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shexian" class="extiw" title="w:Shexian">Shexian</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF9F0">/ne⁴⁴/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF9F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%B1%AF%E6%BA%AA%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:屯溪話">Tunxi</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF9F0">/ȵiɛ⁴⁴/ </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#F0F2FA">Xiang </th> <th style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changsha_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Changsha dialect">Changsha</a> </th> <td style="background:#F0F2FA">/iẽ¹³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%B9%98%E6%BD%AD%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:湘潭話">Xiangtan</a> </th> <td style="background:#F0F2FA">/ȵiẽ¹²/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F0FAF3">Gan </th> <th style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanchang dialect">Nanchang</a> </th> <td style="background:#F0FAF3">/ȵiɛn⁴⁵/ </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#FAF0F6">Hakka </th> <th style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Meixian dialect">Meixian</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF0F6">/ŋian¹¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoyuan,_Taiwan" class="extiw" title="w:Taoyuan, Taiwan">Taoyuan</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF0F6">/ŋien¹¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#F0F5FA">Cantonese </th> <th style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou dialect">Guangzhou</a> </th> <td style="background:#F0F5FA">/jin²¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanning" class="extiw" title="w:Nanning">Nanning</a> </th> <td style="background:#F0F5FA">/jin²¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong dialect">Hong Kong</a> </th> <td style="background:#F0F5FA">/jin²¹/ </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background:#F7FAF0">Min </th> <th style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiamen_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Xiamen dialect">Xiamen</a> (Hokkien) </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">/gian³⁵/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a> (Eastern Min) </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">/ŋyoŋ⁵³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jian%27ou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jian'ou dialect">Jian'ou</a> (Northern Min) </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">/ŋyiŋ³³/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shantou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shantou dialect">Shantou</a> (Teochew) </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">/ŋaŋ⁵⁵/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haikou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Haikou dialect">Haikou</a> (Hainanese) </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">/ŋin³¹/ /ŋin²¹³/ 俗 /kɔŋ²¹³/ 訓講 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <hr style="clear:right;" /> <div style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff); margin: 0 -5px -5px; padding: 0 5px 5px;"> <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a>: ngjon</li></ul> <div class="vsHide"> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2">Rime </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">言 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1/1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Initial (聲) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Middle_Chinese#Initials" title="Appendix:Middle Chinese">疑</a> (31) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Final (韻) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Middle_Chinese#Finals" title="Appendix:Middle Chinese">元</a> (65) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Tone (調) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">Level (Ø) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Openness (開合) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">Open </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Division (等) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">III </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanqie" class="extiw" title="w:Fanqie">Fanqie</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E" title="語">語</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%92" title="軒">軒</a>切 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baxter%27s_transcription_for_Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Baxter's transcription for Middle Chinese">Baxter</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">ngjon </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2">Reconstructions </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang Shangfang</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/ŋɨɐn/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_Wuyun" class="extiw" title="w:Pan Wuyun">Pan Wuyun</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/ŋiɐn/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%82%B5%E8%8D%A3%E8%8A%AC" class="extiw" title="w:zh:邵荣芬">Shao Rongfen</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/ŋiɐn/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_G._Pulleyblank" class="extiw" title="w:Edwin G. Pulleyblank">Edwin Pulleyblank</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/ŋɨan/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Rong_(linguist)" class="extiw" title="w:Li Rong (linguist)">Li Rong</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/ŋiɐn/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Li_(linguist)" class="extiw" title="w:Wang Li (linguist)">Wang Li</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/ŋĭɐn/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_Karlgren" class="extiw" title="w:Bernhard Karlgren">Bernhard Karlgren</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/ŋɨ̯ɐn/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Expected Mandarin Reflex </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">yán </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Expected Cantonese Reflex </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">jin4 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">Old Chinese</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Baxter" class="extiw" title="w:William H. Baxter">Baxter</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurent_Sagart" class="extiw" title="w:Laurent Sagart">Sagart</a>): /*ŋa[n]/, /*ŋa[r]/</dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang</a>): /*ŋan/</dd></dl></li></ul> <div class="vsHide"> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Baxter" class="extiw" title="w:William H. Baxter">Baxter</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurent_Sagart" class="extiw" title="w:Laurent Sagart">Sagart</a> system 1.1 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocbaxtersagart.lsait.lsa.umich.edu/">2014</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">言 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">言 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">言 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">言 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1/4 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">2/4 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">3/4 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">4/4 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Modern Beijing (Pinyin) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">yán </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">yán </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">yán </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">yán </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Middle Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ ngjon › </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ ngjon › </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ ngjon › </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ ngjon › </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Old Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*ŋa[n]/ </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*ŋa[n]/ </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*ŋa[n]/ </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*ŋa[r]/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">English </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">(a particle) </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">I, we </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">speak; speech </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">tall </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%"><div class="standard-box mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.</div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang</a> system (2003) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">言 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1/1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">No. </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">14271 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Phonetic component </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">言</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Rime group </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83" title="元">元</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Rime subdivision </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Corresponding MC rime </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">言</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Old Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*ŋan/ </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Definitions">Definitions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Definitions">edit</a>]</div> 言 <ol><li>to <a href="/wiki/say" title="say">say</a>; to <a href="/wiki/speak" title="speak">speak</a>; to <a href="/wiki/talk" title="talk">talk</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E#Chinese" title="言語">言語</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AF%AD#Chinese" title="言语">言语</a>  ―  yányu  ―  to speak; to tell</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%80%9D#Chinese" title="三思">三思</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%8C#Chinese" title="而">而</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C#Chinese" title="後">後</a>言／<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%80%9D#Chinese" title="三思">三思</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%8C#Chinese" title="而">而</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E#Chinese" title="后">后</a>言 [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Classical Chinese">Classical Chinese</a>]  ―  sānsī ér hòu yán [Pinyin]  ―  Think before you speak.</dd></dl></li> <li>to <a href="/wiki/discuss" title="discuss">discuss</a>; to <a href="/wiki/comment" title="comment">comment</a></li> <li>to <a href="/wiki/state" title="state">state</a>; to <a href="/wiki/describe" title="describe">describe</a>; to <a href="/wiki/explain" title="explain">explain</a></li> <li>to <a href="/wiki/write_down" title="write down">write down</a>; to <a href="/wiki/record" title="record">record</a></li> <li>to <a href="/wiki/ask" title="ask">ask</a>; to <a href="/wiki/inquire" title="inquire">inquire</a></li> <li>to <a href="/wiki/inform" title="inform">inform</a>; to <a href="/wiki/tell" title="tell">tell</a>; to <a href="/wiki/let" title="let">let</a> <a href="/wiki/know" title="know">know</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/spoken" title="spoken">spoken</a> <a href="/wiki/language" title="language">language</a>; <a href="/wiki/speech" title="speech">speech</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="語言">語言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="语言">语言</a>  ―  yǔyán  ―  language</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="諾言">諾言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="诺言">诺言</a>  ―  nuòyán  ―  promise</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="發言">發言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="发言">发言</a>  ―  fāyán  ―  to make a speech</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%A0%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="謠言">謠言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A3%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="谣言">谣言</a>  ―  yáoyán  ―  fabricated rumor</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%8B%E8%90%AC%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="洋洋萬言 (page does not exist)">洋洋萬言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%8B%E4%B8%87%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="洋洋万言 (page does not exist)">洋洋万言</a>  ―  yángyángwànyán  ―  to be very lengthy (of an article, essay)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%91#Chinese" title="我">我</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD#Chinese" title="能">能</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%99#Chinese" title="留">留</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%8B#Chinese" title="個">個</a>言<a href="/wiki/%E5%97%8E#Chinese" title="嗎">嗎</a>？／<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%91#Chinese" title="我">我</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD#Chinese" title="能">能</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%99#Chinese" title="留">留</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AA#Chinese" title="个">个</a>言<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%97#Chinese" title="吗">吗</a>？  ―  Wǒ néng liú ge yán ma?  ―  Can I leave a message?</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/opinion" title="opinion">opinion</a>; <a href="/wiki/view" title="view">view</a>; <a href="/wiki/perspective" title="perspective">perspective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/words" title="words">words</a>; <a href="/wiki/language" title="language">language</a> appropriate to the <a href="/wiki/occasion" title="occasion">occasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/proposal" title="proposal">proposal</a>; <a href="/wiki/idea" title="idea">idea</a>; <a href="/wiki/plan" title="plan">plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/government" title="government">government</a> <a href="/wiki/decree" title="decree">decree</a>; <a href="/wiki/order" title="order">order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/character" title="character">character</a>; <a href="/wiki/word" title="word">word</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/sentence" title="sentence">sentence</a>; <a href="/wiki/writing" title="writing">writing</a>; <a href="/wiki/work" title="work">works</a></li> <li>† A meaningless sentence-initial mood particle. <ul><li><dl class="zhusex"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%9F#Chinese" title="陟">陟</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC#Chinese" title="彼">彼</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97#Chinese" title="南">南</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1#Chinese" title="山">山</a>，言<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87#Chinese" title="采">采</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B6#Chinese" title="其">其</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%95%A8#Chinese" title="蕨">蕨</a> [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Classical Chinese">Classical Chinese</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Traditional Chinese">trad.</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Simplified Chinese">simp.</a>]<dd>From: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_of_Poetry" class="extiw" title="w:Classic of Poetry">Classic of Poetry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#c." title="Appendix:Glossary">c.</a> 11th – 7th centuries <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#BCE" title="Appendix:Glossary">BCE</a>, translated based on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Legge" class="extiw" title="w:James Legge">James Legge</a>'s version</dd><dd>zhì bǐ nán shān, yán cǎi qí jué [Pinyin]</dd><dd>(please add an English translation of this usage example) </dd></dl></li></ul></li> <li>a <a href="/wiki/surname" title="surname">surname</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Synonyms">Synonyms</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Synonyms">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame" data-toggle-category="dialectal synonyms" style="border:0px; max-width: 40em; text-align:center;"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; background-color:#CCCCFF; text-align:center;">Dialectal synonyms of <a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> (“to say, to speak”) <a href="/wiki/Template:zh-dial-map/%E8%AA%AA" title="Template:zh-dial-map/說">[map]</a> </div><div class="NavContent"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0; text-align:center; width: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#E8ECFA">Variety </th> <th style="background:#E8ECFA">Location </th> <th style="background:#E8ECFA">Words <div style="float: right; clear: right; font-size:60%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module%3Azh%2Fdata%2Fdial-syn%2F%E8%AA%AA&action=edit">edit</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" colspan="2" style="background:#FAF0F2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Classical Chinese">Classical Chinese</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF0F2">言, <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91#Chinese" title="云">云</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B0#Chinese" title="曰">曰</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93#Chinese" title="道">道</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" colspan="2" style="background:#FAF0F2">Formal (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Written_vernacular_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Written vernacular Chinese">Written Standard Chinese</a>) </th> <td style="background:#FAF0F2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93#Chinese" title="道">道</a> literary </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#FAF5F0">Northeastern Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Beijing dialect">Beijing</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwan Mandarin">Taiwan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Malaysian Mandarin">Malaysia</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporean_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Singaporean Mandarin">Singapore</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jilu Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjin_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Tianjin dialect">Tianjin</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinan_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jinan dialect">Jinan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jiaoliao Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qingdao_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Qingdao dialect">Qingdao</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#FAF5F0">Central Plains Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Xi'an dialect">Xi'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungan_language" class="extiw" title="w:Dungan language">Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background:#FAF5F0">Southwestern Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chengdu_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Chengdu dialect">Chengdu</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%AD%A6%E6%BC%A2%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:武漢話">Wuhan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:桂林話">Guilin</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%A5%A0%E7%AB%B9%E5%B1%B1%E9%8E%AE" class="extiw" title="w:zh:楠竹山鎮">Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pematangsiantar" class="extiw" title="w:Pematangsiantar">Pematangsiantar</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jianghuai Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%90%88%E8%82%A5%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:合肥話">Hefei</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="20" style="background:#F0F5FA">Cantonese </th> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou dialect">Guangzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong Cantonese">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" class="extiw" title="w:Macau">Macau</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiqi_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shiqi dialect">Zhongshan (Shiqi)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%96%97%E9%96%80%E9%8E%AE" class="extiw" title="w:zh:斗門鎮">Zhuhai (Doumen)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taishanese" class="extiw" title="w:Taishanese">Taishan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanghai" class="extiw" title="w:Guanghai">Taishan (Guanghai)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunfu" class="extiw" title="w:Yunfu">Yunfu</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%99%BD%E6%B1%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:陽江話">Yangjiang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beihai" class="extiw" title="w:Beihai">Beihai</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%83%91%E6%B8%AF%E9%8E%AE" class="extiw" title="w:zh:僑港鎮">Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%83%91%E6%B8%AF%E9%8E%AE" class="extiw" title="w:zh:僑港鎮">Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fangcheng_District" class="extiw" title="w:Fangcheng District">Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Danzhou dialect">Danzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" class="extiw" title="w:Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang" class="extiw" title="w:Penang">Penang (Guangfu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore#Other_Chinese_varieties" class="extiw" title="w:Languages of Singapore">Singapore (Guangfu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City" class="extiw" title="w:Ho Chi Minh City">Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3ng_C%C3%A1i" class="extiw" title="w:Móng Cái">Móng Cái</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandalay" class="extiw" title="w:Mandalay">Mandalay (Taishan)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#F0FAF3">Gan </th> <td style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanchang dialect">Nanchang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="11" style="background:#FAF0F6">Hakka </th> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Meixian dialect">Meixian</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meilin,_Wuhua_County" class="extiw" title="w:Meilin, Wuhua County">Wuhua (Meilin)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Miaoli (N. Sixian)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hailu_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hailu dialect">Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongshi_District" class="extiw" title="w:Dongshi District">Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raoping_Hakka" class="extiw" title="w:Raoping Hakka">Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%A9%94%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="extiw" title="w:zh:詔安客語">Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%AA%9E" class="extiw" title="w:zh:香港客家語">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuching" class="extiw" title="w:Kuching">Kuching (Hepo)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Singaporeans" class="extiw" title="w:Chinese Singaporeans">Singapore (Dabu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#FAF9F0">Huizhou </th> <td style="background:#FAF9F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jixi_County" class="extiw" title="w:Jixi County">Jixi</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF9F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%A4%AA%E5%8E%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:太原話">Taiyuan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#F7FAF0">Northern Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jian%27ou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jian'ou dialect">Jian'ou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#F7FAF0">Eastern Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuqing_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuqing dialect">Fuqing</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore#Other_Chinese_varieties" class="extiw" title="w:Languages of Singapore">Singapore (Fuqing)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="32" style="background:#F7FAF0">Southern Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tong%27an_District" class="extiw" title="w:Tong'an District">Xiamen (Tong'an)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%99%89%E6%B1%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:晉江話">Jinjiang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shishi,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Shishi, Fujian">Shishi</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao%27an_County" class="extiw" title="w:Zhao'an County">Zhao'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongshan_County" class="extiw" title="w:Dongshan County">Dongshan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Taipei</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Kaohsiung</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Tainan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Penang Hokkien">Penang (Hokkien)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporean_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Singaporean Hokkien">Singapore (Hokkien)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Philippine Hokkien">Manila (Hokkien)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Teochew dialect">Chaozhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raoping_County" class="extiw" title="w:Raoping County">Raoping</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shantou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shantou dialect">Shantou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chenghai_District" class="extiw" title="w:Chenghai District">Shantou (Chenghai)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%BD%AE%E9%99%BD%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:潮陽話">Shantou (Chaoyang)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jieyang" class="extiw" title="w:Jieyang">Jieyang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%99%B8%E8%B1%90%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:陸豐話">Lufeng</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifeng_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Haifeng dialect">Haifeng</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok" class="extiw" title="w:Bangkok">Bangkok (Teochew)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phnom_Penh" class="extiw" title="w:Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh (Teochew)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City" class="extiw" title="w:Ho Chi Minh City">Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore#Other_Chinese_varieties" class="extiw" title="w:Languages of Singapore">Singapore (Teochew)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" class="extiw" title="w:Pontianak">Pontianak (Teochew)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BE#Chinese" title="呾">呾</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leizhou_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Leizhou Min">Leizhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Wenchang dialect">Wenchang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haikou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Haikou dialect">Haikou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qionghai" class="extiw" title="w:Qionghai">Qionghai</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore#Other_Chinese_varieties" class="extiw" title="w:Languages of Singapore">Singapore (Hainanese)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#F7FAF0">Puxian Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Putian dialect">Putian</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#F7FAF0">Zhongshan Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longdu_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Longdu dialect">Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#F0F5FA">Southern Pinghua </th> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binyang_County" class="extiw" title="w:Binyang County">Binyang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="7" style="background:#F4F0FA">Wu </th> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghainese" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghainese">Shanghai</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadi_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shadi dialect">Shanghai (Chongming)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Suzhou dialect">Suzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hangzhou dialect">Hangzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="說">說</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuhang_District" class="extiw" title="w:Yuhang District">Hangzhou (Yuhang)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningbo_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Ningbo dialect">Ningbo</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1#Chinese" title="話">話</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Wenzhou dialect">Wenzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background:#F0F2FA">Xiang </th> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changsha_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Changsha dialect">Changsha</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%B9%98%E6%BD%AD%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:湘潭話">Xiangtan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%B9%98%E9%84%89%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:湘鄉話">Xiangxiang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%A2%85%E6%A9%8B%E9%8E%AE" class="extiw" title="w:zh:梅橋鎮">Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuangfeng_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shuangfeng dialect">Shuangfeng</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B0#Chinese" title="曰">曰</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9B#Chinese" title="講">講</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compounds">Compounds</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="3"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="一家之言">一家之言</a> (yījiāzhīyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%B6%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="一家言 (page does not exist)">一家言</a></li><li><a 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title="不言不語">不言不語</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E8%A8%80%E4%B8%8D%E8%AF%AD#Chinese" title="不言不语">不言不语</a> (bùyánbùyǔ)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E8%A8%80%E4%B9%8B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不言之教 (page does not exist)">不言之教</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E8%A8%80%E8%80%8C%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不言而化 (page does not exist)">不言而化</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E8%A8%80%E8%80%8C%E5%96%BB#Chinese" title="不言而喻">不言而喻</a> (bùyán'éryù)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%86%93%E4%B9%8B%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中冓之言 (page does not exist)">中冓之言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%82%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="亂言">亂言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B1%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="乱言">乱言</a> (luànyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E8%A8%80%E5%8F%A4%E8%A9%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五言古詩 (page does not exist)">五言古詩</a>／<a 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href="/wiki/%E5%A4%87%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="备言">备言</a> (bèiyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="傳言">傳言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="传言">传言</a> (chuányán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%B3%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="儳言">儳言</a> (chànyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A9%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="兩言 (page does not exist)">兩言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%A4%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="两言 (page does not exist)">两言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AB%E8%A8%80%E8%A9%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="八言詩 (page does not exist)">八言詩</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AB%E8%A8%80%E8%AF%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="八言诗 (page does not exist)">八言诗</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AD%E8%A8%80%E8%A9%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="六言詩 (page does not exist)">六言詩</a>／<a 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href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B1%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="危言">危言</a> (wēiyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%BB%E6%A2%AF%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="去梯言 (page does not exist)">去梯言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E4%B8%8D%E6%93%87%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="口不擇言">口不擇言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E4%B8%8D%E6%8B%A9%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="口不择言">口不择言</a> (kǒubùzéyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A3%E5%87%BA%E7%A9%A2%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="口出穢言 (page does not exist)">口出穢言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A3%E5%87%BA%E7%A7%BD%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="口出秽言 (page does not exist)">口出秽言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A3%E7%84%A1%E6%93%87%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="口無擇言 (page does not exist)">口無擇言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A3%E6%97%A0%E6%8B%A9%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="口无择言 (page does not exist)">口无择言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="可言">可言</a> (kěyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E6%97%A5%E8%80%8C%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="同日而言 (page does not exist)">同日而言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E6%AD%A3%E8%A8%80%E9%A0%86#Chinese" title="名正言順">名正言順</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E6%AD%A3%E8%A8%80%E9%A1%BA#Chinese" title="名正言顺">名正言顺</a> (míngzhèngyánshùn)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="吉言">吉言</a> (jíyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="名言">名言</a> (míngyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%A8%80%E7%B7%9A#Chinese" title="同言線">同言線</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%A8%80%E7%BA%BF#Chinese" title="同言线">同言线</a> (tóngyánxiàn)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%BD%E5%99%8E%E9%9B%A3%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哽噎難言 (page does not exist)">哽噎難言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%BD%E5%99%8E%E9%9A%BE%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哽噎难言 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title="握手言欢 (page does not exist)">握手言欢</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%9A%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="揚言">揚言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%AC%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="扬言">扬言</a> (yángyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%9B%E8%A8%80%E4%B9%8B#Chinese" title="換言之">換言之</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%A2%E8%A8%80%E4%B9%8B#Chinese" title="换言之">换言之</a> (huànyánzhī)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%AD%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摭言 (page does not exist)">摭言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%99%E8%A8%80%E6%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攙言接語 (page does not exist)">攙言接語</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%90%80%E8%A8%80%E6%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="搀言接语 (page does not exist)">搀言接语</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BE%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="放言 (page does not exist)">放言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BE%E8%A8%80%E9%AB%98%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E8%8B%A5%E6%87%B8%E6%B2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言若懸河 (page does not exist)">言若懸河</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E8%8B%A5%E6%82%AC%E6%B2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言若悬河 (page does not exist)">言若悬河</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%A1%8C#Chinese" title="言行">言行</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言言 (page does not exist)">言言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%A9%9E#Chinese" title="言詞">言詞</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AF%8D#Chinese" title="言词">言词</a> (yáncí)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言誓 (page does not exist)">言誓</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%AA#Chinese" title="言說">言說</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AF%B4#Chinese" title="言说">言说</a> (yánshuō)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E#Chinese" title="言語">言語</a>／<a 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(page does not exist)">诽言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%87%E8%A8%80%E5%BE%AE%E4%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="談言微中 (page does not exist)">談言微中</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B0%88%E8%A8%80%E5%BE%AE%E4%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="谈言微中 (page does not exist)">谈言微中</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AA%B2%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%9B%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="課語訛言 (page does not exist)">課語訛言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BE%E8%AF%AD%E8%AE%B9%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="课语讹言 (page does not exist)">课语讹言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%AB%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="諫言">諫言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%8F%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="谏言">谏言</a> (jiànyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="諾言">諾言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="诺言">诺言</a> (nuòyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%9B%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="諛言">諛言</a>／<a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B0%A0%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="谠言 (page does not exist)">谠言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%AA%E8%A8%80%E5%A3%AF%E8%AA%9E#Chinese" title="豪言壯語">豪言壯語</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%AA%E8%A8%80%E5%A3%AE%E8%AF%AD#Chinese" title="豪言壮语">豪言壮语</a> (háoyánzhuàngyǔ)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%8C%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="貌言 (page does not exist)">貌言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="貴不可言">貴不可言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="贵不可言">贵不可言</a> (guì bùkě yán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B3%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="貳言">貳言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B0%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="贰言">贰言</a> (èryán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="質言">質言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="质言">质言</a> (zhìyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%85%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="贅言">贅言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%98%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="赘言">赘言</a> (zhuìyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%88%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="贈言">贈言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A0%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="赠言">赠言</a> (zèngyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B8%90%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="踐言">踐言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%B5%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="践言">践言</a> (jiànyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B8%B0%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="踰言 (page does not exist)">踰言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%BE%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="逾言 (page does not exist)">逾言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E8%BC%95%E8%A8%80%E5%BE%AE#Chinese" title="身輕言微">身輕言微</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E8%BD%BB%E8%A8%80%E5%BE%AE#Chinese" title="身轻言微">身轻言微</a> (shēnqīngyánwēi)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BC%89%E7%AC%91%E8%BC%89%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="載笑載言 (page does not exist)">載笑載言</a>／<a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%86%E8%80%B3%E4%B9%8B%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="逆耳之言 (page does not exist)">逆耳之言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%B7%E8%A8%80%E8%BF%B7%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迷言迷語 (page does not exist)">迷言迷語</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%B7%E8%A8%80%E8%BF%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迷言迷语 (page does not exist)">迷言迷语</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A0%E8%A8%80%E6%83%91%E7%9C%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="造言惑眾 (page does not exist)">造言惑眾</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A0%E8%A8%80%E6%83%91%E4%BC%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="造言惑众 (page does not exist)">造言惑众</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A0%E8%A8%80%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="造言生事 (page does not exist)">造言生事</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="進言">進言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9B%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="进言">进言</a> (jìnyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%95%E5%BF%83%E4%B9%8B%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="違心之言 (page does not exist)">違心之言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%9D%E5%BF%83%E4%B9%8B%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="违心之言 (page does not exist)">违心之言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%95%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="違言 (page does not exist)">違言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%9D%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="违言 (page does not exist)">违言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="過言">過言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="过言">过言</a> (guòyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="遺言">遺言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%97%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="遗言">遗言</a> (yíyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%84%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="還言 (page does not exist)">還言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%98%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="还言 (page does not exist)">还言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%87%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="邇言 (page does not exist)">邇言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%A9%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迩言 (page does not exist)">迩言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%84%99%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鄙言 (page does not exist)">鄙言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%92%E4%B8%96%E6%81%86%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="醒世恆言">醒世恆言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%92%E4%B8%96%E6%81%92%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="醒世恒言">醒世恒言</a> (Xǐngshì Héngyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8B%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="釋言 (page does not exist)">釋言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8A%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="释言 (page does not exist)">释言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重言 (page does not exist)">重言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8E%E5%8F%9F%E6%9B%9D%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="野叟曝言 (page does not exist)">野叟曝言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E5%8F%A3%E7%8E%89%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金口玉言 (page does not exist)">金口玉言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E7%8E%89%E4%B9%8B%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金玉之言 (page does not exist)">金玉之言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E4%B9%8B%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金石之言 (page does not exist)">金石之言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="金言">金言</a> (jīnyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%92%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閒言 (page does not exist)">閒言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%97%B2%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="闲言 (page does not exist)">闲言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="開言">開言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="开言">开言</a> (kāiyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%84%E8%80%B3%E4%BD%8E%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="附耳低言 (page does not exist)">附耳低言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="陳言">陳言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="陈言">陈言</a> (chényán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%B3%E8%A8%80%E5%8B%99%E5%8E%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陳言務去 (page does not exist)">陳言務去</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%88%E8%A8%80%E5%8A%A1%E5%8E%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陈言务去 (page does not exist)">陈言务去</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%BB%E5%AD%97%E7%89%87%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="隻字片言 (page does not exist)">隻字片言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AA%E5%AD%97%E7%89%87%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="只字片言 (page does not exist)">只字片言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%BB%E8%A8%80%E7%89%87%E8%AA%9E#Chinese" title="隻言片語">隻言片語</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AA%E8%A8%80%E7%89%87%E8%AF%AD#Chinese" title="只言片语">只言片语</a> (zhīyánpiànyǔ)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%85%E4%BF%97%E7%A8%BD%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雅俗稽言 (page does not exist)">雅俗稽言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="雅言">雅言</a> (yǎyán)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%9C%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雜言 (page does not exist)">雜言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%82%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="杂言 (page does not exist)">杂言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A3%E4%BB%A5%E8%A8%80%E5%96%BB#Chinese" title="難以言喻">難以言喻</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%BE%E4%BB%A5%E8%A8%80%E5%96%BB#Chinese" title="难以言喻">难以言喻</a> (nányǐyányù)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A3%E8%A8%80%E4%B9%8B%E9%9A%B1#Chinese" title="難言之隱">難言之隱</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%BE%E8%A8%80%E4%B9%8B%E9%9A%90#Chinese" title="难言之隐">难言之隐</a> (nányánzhīyǐn)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%A3%E8%AA%AA%E9%9B%A3%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="難說難言 (page does not exist)">難說難言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%BE%E8%AF%B4%E9%9A%BE%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="难说难言 (page does not exist)">难说难言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9C%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="靜言 (page does not exist)">靜言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%99%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="静言 (page does not exist)">静言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非言 (page does not exist)">非言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="預言">預言</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="预言">预言</a> (yùyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%A7%E5%B7%A6%E5%8F%B3%E8%80%8C%E8%A8%80%E4%BB%96#Chinese" title="顧左右而言他">顧左右而言他</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BE%E5%B7%A6%E5%8F%B3%E8%80%8C%E8%A8%80%E4%BB%96#Chinese" title="顾左右而言他">顾左右而言他</a> (gù zuǒyòu ér yán tā)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E8%81%9E%E8%A8%80%E4%BA%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="風聞言事 (page does not exist)">風聞言事</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%8E%E9%97%BB%E8%A8%80%E4%BA%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="风闻言事 (page does not exist)">风闻言事</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E8%A3%A1%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="風裡言 (page does not exist)">風裡言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%8E%E9%87%8C%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="风里言 (page does not exist)">风里言</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="風言 (page does not exist)">風言</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%8E%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="风言 (page does not exist)">风言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%A8%80#Chinese" title="食言">食言</a> (shíyán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%A8%80%E8%80%8C%E8%82%A5#Chinese" title="食言而肥">食言而肥</a> (shíyán'érféi)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高言 (page does not exist)">高言</a></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_2">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"> ^ </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian?kaiOrder=言"><言></a> at the Glyph Database from the Institute of History and Language of the Academia Sinica and the Institute of Information Science </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/search.php?word=言">言</a>”, in <cite>漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)</cite>‎<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/">[1]</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="extiw" title="w:zh:香港中文大學">香港中文大學</a> (the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_University_of_Hong_Kong" class="extiw" title="w:Chinese University of Hong Kong">Chinese University of Hong Kong</a>), 2014–</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Japanese">Japanese</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Japanese">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kanji">Kanji</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Kanji">edit</a>]</div> <div class="noprint floatright catlinks" style="font-size: 90%; width: 270px"><div style="padding:0 5px">See also:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Japanese_terms_spelled_with_%E8%A8%80" title="Category:Japanese terms spelled with 言">Category:Japanese terms spelled with 言</a></div></div></div><div>言</div>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ky%C5%8Diku_kanji" class="extiw" title="w:Kyōiku kanji">Second grade kyōiku kanji</a>) <ol><li>to <a href="/wiki/say" title="say">say</a></li> <li>speech</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Readings">Readings</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Readings">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#goon" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Go-on</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E3%81%94%E3%82%93#Japanese" title="ごん">ごん</a> (<a href="/wiki/gon#Japanese" title="gon">gon</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" class="extiw" title="w:Jōyō kanji"><abbr title="This reading is listed in the Jōyō kanji table. Click for the Wikipedia article about the Jōyō kanji.">Jōyō</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kan'on" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Kan-on</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E3%81%92%E3%82%93#Japanese" title="げん">げん</a> (<a href="/wiki/gen#Japanese" title="gen">gen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" class="extiw" title="w:Jōyō kanji"><abbr title="This reading is listed in the Jōyō kanji table. Click for the Wikipedia article about the Jōyō kanji.">Jōyō</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kun'yomi" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Kun</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8#Japanese" title="こと">こと</a> (<a href="/wiki/koto#Japanese" title="koto">koto</a>, 言, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" class="extiw" title="w:Jōyō kanji"><abbr title="This reading is listed in the Jōyō kanji table. Click for the Wikipedia article about the Jōyō kanji.">Jōyō</abbr></a>)、<a href="/wiki/%E3%81%84%E3%81%86#Japanese" title="いう">いう</a> (<a href="/wiki/iu#Japanese" title="iu">iu</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E3%81%86#Japanese" title="言う">言う</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" class="extiw" title="w:Jōyō kanji"><abbr title="This reading is listed in the Jōyō kanji table. Click for the Wikipedia article about the Jōyō kanji.">Jōyō</abbr></a>)←<a href="/wiki/%E3%81%84%E3%81%B5#Japanese" title="いふ">いふ</a> (<a href="/wiki/ifu#Japanese" title="ifu">ifu</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E3%81%B5#Japanese" title="言ふ">言ふ</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_kana_orthography" class="extiw" title="w:Historical kana orthography">historical</a>)、<a href="/wiki/%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%E3%81%B0#Japanese" title="ことば">ことば</a> (<a href="/wiki/kotoba#Japanese" title="kotoba">kotoba</a>, 言)<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81570820">.mw-parser-output .jouyou-reading{background-color:rgb(224,255,255);background-color:rgba(224,255,255,0.5)}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .jouyou-reading{background-color:rgb(41,44,44);background-color:rgba(224,255,255,0.15)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.mw-parser-output .jouyou-reading{background-color:rgb(41,44,44);background-color:rgba(224,255,255,0.15)}}</style></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_2">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">Compounds</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%B4%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="箴言"><ruby>箴<rp>(</rp><rt>しん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (shingen, “<a href="/wiki/proverb" title="proverb">proverb</a>”), <a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%B4%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="箴言"><ruby>箴<rp>(</rp><rt>しん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (Shingen, “<a href="/wiki/Proverbs" title="Proverbs">Proverbs</a>”)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%9B%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="諛言"><ruby>諛<rp>(</rp><rt>ゆ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (yugen, “<a href="/wiki/flatter" title="flatter">flattering</a> <a href="/wiki/word" title="word">words</a>”)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%82%AA%E5%8F%A3%E9%9B%91%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="悪口雑言"><ruby>悪<rp>(</rp><rt>あっ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>口<rp>(</rp><rt>こう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>雑<rp>(</rp><rt>ぞう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>ごん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (akkōzōgon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9D%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="伝言"><ruby>伝<rp>(</rp><rt>でん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>ごん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (dengon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E#Japanese" title="言語"><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>語<rp>(</rp><rt>ご</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (gengo)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E4%B8%8A#Japanese" title="言上"><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>ごん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>上<rp>(</rp><rt>じょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (gonjō)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="方言"><ruby>方<rp>(</rp><rt>ほう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (hōgen)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%B4%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="暴言"><ruby>暴<rp>(</rp><rt>ぼう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (bōgen)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="無言"><ruby>無<rp>(</rp><rt>む</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>ごん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (mugon), <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="無言"><ruby>無<rp>(</rp><rt>む</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (mugen)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="遺言"><ruby>遺<rp>(</rp><rt>ゆい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>ごん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (yuigon), <a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="遺言"><ruby>遺<rp>(</rp><rt>い</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>ごん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (igon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="明言"><ruby>明<rp>(</rp><rt>めい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (meigen)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80#Japanese" title="宣言"><ruby>宣<rp>(</rp><rt>せん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (sengen)</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1">Etymology 1</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Etymology 1">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable kanji-table floatright" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kanji" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Kanji</a> in this term </th></tr> <tr lang="ja" class="Jpan" style="font-size: 2em; background: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff); color: inherit; line-height: 1em;"> <td style="padding: 0.5em;"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Japanese">言</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff); color: inherit;"> <td>げん <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kyōiku_kanji" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Grade: 2</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kan'on" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">kan'on</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> From <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Chinese">言</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">MC</a> ngjon, “speech”). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Tokyo dialect">Tokyo</a>) げん <samp>[géꜜǹ]</samp> (<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%9E%8B" title="頭高型">Atamadaka</a> – [1])<a href="#cite_note-DJR-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-NHK-3">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-SMK7-4">[3]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Japanese pronunciation">key</a>): [ɡẽ̞ɴ]</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Noun">Noun</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Noun">edit</a>]</div> <ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt><a href="/wiki/%E3%81%92%E3%82%93#Japanese" title="げん">げん</a></rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Japanese_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Japanese transliteration">•</a> (<a href="/wiki/gen#Japanese" title="gen">gen</a>)  <ol><li><a href="/wiki/word" title="word">word</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/linguistics" title="linguistics">linguistics</a>) <a href="/wiki/parole" title="parole">parole</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Synonyms_2">Synonyms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Synonyms">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>(parole): <a href="/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB#Japanese" title="パロール">パロール</a> (parōru)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Antonyms">Antonyms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Antonyms">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>(antonym(s) of “parole”): <a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E#Japanese" title="言語"><ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt>げん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>語<rp>(</rp><rt>ご</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (gengo)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology 2</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Etymology 2">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable kanji-table floatright" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kanji" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Kanji</a> in this term </th></tr> <tr lang="ja" class="Jpan" style="font-size: 2em; background: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff); color: inherit; line-height: 1em;"> <td style="padding: 0.5em;"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Japanese">言</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff); color: inherit;"> <td>こと <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kyōiku_kanji" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Grade: 2</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kun'yomi" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">kun'yomi</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Cognate with <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8B#Japanese" title="事">事</a> (koto, “thing”).<a href="#cite_note-DJS-5">[4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_3">Pronunciation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Tokyo dialect">Tokyo</a>) こと <samp>[kòtóꜜ]</samp> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BE%E9%AB%98%E5%9E%8B" title="尾高型">Odaka</a> – [2])<a href="#cite_note-DJR-2">[1]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Japanese pronunciation">key</a>): [ko̞to̞]</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Noun_2">Noun</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Noun">edit</a>]</div> <ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt><a href="/wiki/%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8#Japanese" title="こと">こと</a></rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Japanese_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Japanese transliteration">•</a> (<a href="/wiki/koto#Japanese" title="koto">koto</a>)  <ol><li><a href="/wiki/word" title="word">word</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_3">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-DJR-2">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-DJR_2-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DJR_2-1">1.1</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ja:%E6%9D%BE%E6%9D%91%E6%98%8E" class="extiw" title="w:ja:松村明">Matsumura, Akira</a>, editor (2006), <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ja:%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%9E%E6%9E%97" class="extiw" title="w:ja:大辞林">大辞林</a></cite> [<cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daijirin" class="extiw" title="w:Daijirin">Daijirin</a></cite>] (in Japanese), Third edition, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo" class="extiw" title="w:Tokyo">Tokyo</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanseid%C5%8D" class="extiw" title="w:Sanseidō">Sanseidō</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-385-13905-9" title="Special:BookSources/4-385-13905-9">→ISBN</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHK-3"><a href="#cite_ref-NHK_3-0"> ^ </a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ja:NHK%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" class="extiw" title="w:ja:NHK放送文化研究所">NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute</a>, editor (1998), <cite>NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典</cite> [<cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" class="extiw" title="w:NHK">NHK</a> Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary</cite>] (in Japanese), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo" class="extiw" title="w:Tokyo">Tokyo</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ja:NHK%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88" class="extiw" title="w:ja:NHK出版">NHK Publishing, Inc.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-14-011112-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-4-14-011112-3">→ISBN</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMK7-4"><a href="#cite_ref-SMK7_4-0"> ^ </a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ja:%E5%B1%B1%E7%94%B0%E5%BF%A0%E9%9B%84" class="extiw" title="w:ja:山田忠雄">Yamada, Tadao</a> et al., editors (2011), <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ja:%E6%96%B0%E6%98%8E%E8%A7%A3%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E%E8%BE%9E%E5%85%B8" class="extiw" title="w:ja:新明解国語辞典">新明解国語辞典</a></cite> [<cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shin_Meikai_Kokugo_Jiten" class="extiw" title="w:Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten">Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten</a></cite>] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo" class="extiw" title="w:Tokyo">Tokyo</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanseid%C5%8D" class="extiw" title="w:Sanseidō">Sanseidō</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-385-13107-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-4-385-13107-8">→ISBN</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-DJS-5"><a href="#cite_ref-DJS_5-0"> ^ </a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ja:%E6%9D%BE%E6%9D%91%E6%98%8E" class="extiw" title="w:ja:松村明">Matsumura, Akira</a> (1995) <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ja:%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%9E%E6%B3%89" class="extiw" title="w:ja:大辞泉">大辞泉</a></cite> [<cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daijisen" class="extiw" title="w:Daijisen">Daijisen</a></cite>] (in Japanese), First edition, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo" class="extiw" title="w:Tokyo">Tokyo</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shogakukan" class="extiw" title="w:Shogakukan">Shogakukan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-09-501211-0" title="Special:BookSources/4-09-501211-0">→ISBN</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Korean">Korean</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Korean">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_2">Etymology 1</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Etymology 1">edit</a>]</div> From <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Chinese">言</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">MC</a> ngjon). <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">Historical readings </div> <div class="NavContent ul-column-count" data-column-count="1" style="text-align: left; margin: 0.1em 2px 2px; padding: 0.2em 0.6em; border: solid 1px var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey, silver);"> <ul><li>Recorded as <a href="/wiki/Middle_Korean" title="Middle Korean">Middle Korean</a> ᅌᅥᆫ (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Korean" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Korean">Yale</a>: ngen) in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongguk_Jeongun" class="extiw" title="w:Dongguk Jeongun">Dongguk Jeongun</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ko:s:%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%95%EC%9A%B4" class="extiw" title="w:ko:s:동국정운">東國正韻 / 동국정운</a>), 1448.</li> <li>Recorded as <a href="/wiki/Middle_Korean" title="Middle Korean">Middle Korean</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B8#Middle_Korean" title="언">언</a> (en) (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Korean" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Korean">Yale</a>: en) in <a href="/wiki/%ED%9B%88%EB%AA%BD%EC%9E%90%ED%9A%8C" title="훈몽자회">Hunmong Jahoe</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ko:s:%ED%9B%88%EB%AA%BD%EC%9E%90%ED%9A%8C/%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%9E#하28B" class="extiw" title="w:ko:s:훈몽자회/雜語">訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회</a>), 1527.</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_4">Pronunciation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korean_standard_language" class="extiw" title="w:South Korean standard language">SK Standard</a>/<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seoul_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Seoul dialect">Seoul</a>) <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Korean_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Korean pronunciation">key</a>): [ʌ̹n]</li><li class="ko-pron__ph">Phonetic hangul: [언]</li></ul><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81570684">.mw-parser-output table.ko-pron{border:1px solid #DFDFDF;min-width:13em;display:table}.mw-parser-output table.ko-pron th{padding:.4em;color:var(--wikt-palette-black,#202122);text-align:left;background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lavender,#f8f8ff)}.mw-parser-output table.ko-pron td{padding:.4em}.mw-parser-output .ko-pron__ph{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .ko-pron__ph b{font-size:inherit;color:#BF0218}.mw-parser-output .ko-pron__note-vowel-length{font-size:smaller;color:#666;font-style:italic}</style> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hanja">Hanja</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Hanja">edit</a>]</div> <div class="sister-wikisource sister-project noprint floatright" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/45px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/68px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/90px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Korean <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ko:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%AC%B8%ED%97%8C" class="extiw" title="w:ko:위키문헌">Wikisource</a> has texts containing the <a href="/wiki/hanja" title="hanja">hanja</a>: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/ko:Special:Search/%22%E8%A8%80%22" class="extiw" title="wikisource:ko:Special:Search/"言"">言</a></div> </div> </div> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/%E8%A8%80" class="extiw" title="d:言">Wikisource</a> 言 (<a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%ED%9B%88#Korean" title="음훈">eumhun</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%90%EC%94%80#Korean" title="말씀">말씀</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B8#Korean" title="언">언</a> (malsseum eon)) <ol><li><a href="/wiki/hanja#English" title="hanja">hanja</a> form<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Korean_script" title="Appendix:Korean script">?</a> of <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B8#Korean" title="언">언</a> (“<a href="/wiki/word" title="word">word</a>”)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/hanja#English" title="hanja">hanja</a> form<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Korean_script" title="Appendix:Korean script">?</a> of <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B8#Korean" title="언">언</a> (“<a href="/wiki/speech" title="speech">speech</a>”)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_3">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">Compounds</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="3" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4" title="언어">언어</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E#Korean" title="言語">言語</a>, eoneo)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%ED%96%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언행 (page does not exist)">언행</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%A1%8C#Korean" title="言行">言行</a>, eonhaeng)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B8%EB%A1%A0" title="언론">언론</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AB%96#Korean" title="言論">言論</a>, eollon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%EC%96%B8" title="발언">발언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="發言">發言</a>, bareon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%A0%EC%96%B8" title="선언">선언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="宣言">宣言</a>, seoneon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B8%EA%B8%89" title="언급">언급</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E5%8F%8A#Korean" title="言及">言及</a>, eon'geup)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A6%9D%EC%96%B8" title="증언">증언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%89%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="證言">證言</a>, jeung'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%9D%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="망언 (page does not exist)">망언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%84%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="妄言">妄言</a>, mang'eon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%A9%EC%96%B8" title="격언">격언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="格言">格言</a>, gyeogeon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%99%94%ED%8E%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="화편 (page does not exist)">화편</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E7%89%87#Korean" title="花片">花片</a>, hwapyeon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%EB%8F%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언동 (page does not exist)">언동</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E5%8B%95#Korean" title="言動">言動</a>, eondong)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8C%80%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="대언 (page does not exist)">대언</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對言 (page does not exist)">對言</a>, daeeon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8F%AD%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="폭언 (page does not exist)">폭언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%B4%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="暴言">暴言</a>, pogeon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%96%B8" title="전언">전언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="傳言">傳言</a>, jeoneon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%96%B8" title="조언">조언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A9%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="助言">助言</a>, jo'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%EC%A4%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언중 (page does not exist)">언중</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E8%A1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言衆 (page does not exist)">言衆</a>, eonjung)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%97%88%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="허언 (page does not exist)">허언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9B%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="虛言">虛言</a>, heo'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언사 (page does not exist)">언사</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%BE%AD#Korean" title="言辭">言辭</a>, eonsa)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%EC%95%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언약 (page does not exist)">언약</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E7%B4%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言約 (page does not exist)">言約</a>, eonyak)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%96%B8" title="유언">유언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="遺言">遺言</a>, yueon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A0%EC%96%B8" title="잠언">잠언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%B4%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="箴言">箴言</a>, jameon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%88%8C%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="눌언 (page does not exist)">눌언</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%A5%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="訥言 (page does not exist)">訥言</a>, nureon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%96%B8" title="공언">공언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="公言">公言</a>, gong'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%A0%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="고언 (page does not exist)">고언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="苦言">苦言</a>, go'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="이언 (page does not exist)">이언</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%9A%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="俚言 (page does not exist)">俚言</a>, ieon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%99%95%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="확언 (page does not exist)">확언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%BA%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="確言">確言</a>, hwageon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%98%A4%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="오언 (page does not exist)">오언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="五言">五言</a>, o'eon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%EC%96%B8" title="진언">진언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="眞言">眞言</a>, jineon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%9C%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="제언 (page does not exist)">제언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="提言">提言</a>, jeeon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AA%85%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="명언 (page does not exist)">명언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="名言">名言</a>, myeong'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B6%80%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="부언 (page does not exist)">부언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="浮言">浮言</a>, bueon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A2%8C%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="좌언 (page does not exist)">좌언</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="左言 (page does not exist)">左言</a>, jwa'eon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%96%B8" title="예언">예언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%AB%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="豫言">豫言</a>, yeeon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%98%B8%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="호언 (page does not exist)">호언</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%AA%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="豪言 (page does not exist)">豪言</a>, ho'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8B%A8%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="단언 (page does not exist)">단언</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%AF%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="端言 (page does not exist)">端言</a>, daneon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%EB%B3%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언변 (page does not exist)">언변</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E8%BE%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言辯 (page does not exist)">言辯</a>, eonbyeon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%95%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="정언 (page does not exist)">정언</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A3%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="正言 (page does not exist)">正言</a>, jeong'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B0%BD%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="창언 (page does not exist)">창언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="昌言">昌言</a>, chang'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%80%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="가언 (page does not exist)">가언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="嘉言">嘉言</a>, ga'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%EC%84%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언설 (page does not exist)">언설</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E8%88%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言舌 (page does not exist)">言舌</a>, eonseol)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%84%EC%96%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="간언 (page does not exist)">간언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%AB%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="諫言">諫言</a>, ganeon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%A9%EC%96%B8" title="방언">방언</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80#Korean" title="方言">方言</a>, bang'eon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%EC%9F%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언쟁 (page does not exist)">언쟁</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E7%88%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言爭 (page does not exist)">言爭</a>, eonjaeng)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B8%ED%95%84%EC%B9%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="언필칭 (page does not exist)">언필칭</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E5%BF%85%E7%A8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言必稱 (page does not exist)">言必稱</a>, eonpilching)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%80%EC%96%B8%ED%8C%90%EB%8B%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="가언판단 (page does not exist)">가언판단</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%87%E8%A8%80%E5%88%A4%E6%96%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="假言判斷 (page does not exist)">假言判斷</a>, ga'eonpandan)</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_2">Etymology 2</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Etymology 2">edit</a>]</div> Related to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%BE#Chinese" title="誾">誾</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">MC</a> ngin). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hanja_2">Hanja</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Hanja">edit</a>]</div> 言 (<a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%ED%9B%88#Korean" title="음훈">eumhun</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%AC%EC%82%AC#Korean" title="심사">심사</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%99%94%ED%8F%89%ED%95%98%EB%8B%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="화평하다 (page does not exist)">화평할</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%80#Korean" title="은">은</a> (simsahwapyeonghal eun)) <ol><li>(literary Chinese) <a href="/wiki/hanja#English" title="hanja">hanja</a> form<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Korean_script" title="Appendix:Korean script">?</a> of <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%80#Korean" title="은">은</a> (“<a href="/wiki/peaceful" title="peaceful">peaceful</a> <a href="/wiki/demeanor" title="demeanor">demeanor</a>”)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_4">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">Compounds</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="3" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%80%EC%9D%80" title="은은">은은</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="言言 (page does not exist)">言言</a>, euneun)</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_4">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://hanjadoc.com/dic/read.asp?table=board&m_no=11624">[2]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Okinawan">Okinawan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Okinawan">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kanji_2">Kanji</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Kanji">edit</a>]</div> <div class="noprint floatright catlinks" style="font-size: 90%; width: 270px"><div style="padding:0 5px">See also:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Okinawan_terms_spelled_with_%E8%A8%80" title="Category:Okinawan terms spelled with 言">Category:Okinawan terms spelled with 言</a></div></div></div><div>言</div>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ky%C5%8Diku_kanji" class="extiw" title="w:Kyōiku kanji">Second grade kyōiku kanji</a>) <ol><li>to <a href="/wiki/say" title="say">say</a></li> <li>speech</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Readings_2">Readings</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Readings">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kun'yomi" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Kun</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%81%8F%E3%81%A8%E3%81%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="くとぅ (page does not exist)">くとぅ</a> (kutu, 言)、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%81%A3%E3%82%86%E3%82%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="っゆん (page does not exist)">っゆん</a> ('yun, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E3%82%93#Okinawan" title="言ん">言ん</a>)、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%81%84%E3%82%85%E3%82%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="いゅん (page does not exist)">いゅん</a> (yyun, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E3%82%93#Okinawan" title="言ん">言ん</a>)<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81570820"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_5">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">Compounds</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%91%89#Okinawan" title="言葉"><ruby>言葉<rp>(</rp><rt>くとぅば</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a> (kutuba, “<a href="/wiki/word" title="word">word</a>”)</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun_3">Noun</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Noun">edit</a>]</div> <ruby>言<rp>(</rp><rt><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%81%8F%E3%81%A8%E3%81%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="くとぅ (page does not exist)">くとぅ</a></rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> (kutu)  <ol><li><a href="/wiki/word" title="word">word</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vietnamese">Vietnamese</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Vietnamese">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Han_character_2">Han character</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Han character">edit</a>]</div> 言: <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1n_N%C3%B4m" title="Hán Nôm">Hán Nôm</a> readings: <a href="/wiki/ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="ngôn">ngôn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ng%E1%BB%8Fn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ngỏn (page does not exist)">ngỏn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ng%E1%BB%99n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ngộn (page does not exist)">ngộn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ng%E1%BB%95n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ngổn (page does not exist)">ngổn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ng%E1%BB%93n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ngồn (page does not exist)">ngồn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ng%E1%BB%A7n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ngủn (page does not exist)">ngủn</a> <ol><li>speech</li> <li>word</li> <li>to speak</li> <li>to tell</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_6">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%80&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="3"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E6%AD%A3%E8%A8%80%E9%A0%86#Vietnamese" title="名正言順">名正言順</a> (<a href="/wiki/danh_ch%C3%ADnh_ng%C3%B4n_thu%E1%BA%ADn#Vietnamese" title="danh chính ngôn thuận">danh chính ngôn thuận</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E8%A8%80#Vietnamese" title="名言">名言</a> (<a href="/wiki/danh_ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="danh ngôn">danh ngôn</a>)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%9B%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%80%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="君子一言 (page does not exist)">君子一言</a> (<a href="/wiki/qu%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%AD_nh%E1%BA%A5t_ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="quân tử nhất ngôn">quân tử nhất ngôn</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80#Vietnamese" title="宣言">宣言</a> (<a href="/wiki/tuy%C3%AAn_ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="tuyên ngôn">tuyên ngôn</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%93%E8%A8%80#Vietnamese" title="寓言">寓言</a> (<a href="/wiki/ng%E1%BB%A5_ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="ngụ ngôn">ngụ ngôn</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%A8%80#Vietnamese" title="文言">文言</a> (<a href="/wiki/v%C4%83n_ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="văn ngôn">văn ngôn</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%A8%80#Vietnamese" title="格言">格言</a> (<a href="/wiki/c%C3%A1ch_ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="cách ngôn">cách ngôn</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E8%A8%80#Vietnamese" title="發言">發言</a> (<a href="/wiki/ph%C3%A1t_ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="phát ngôn">phát ngôn</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%B4%E8%A8%80#Vietnamese" title="箴言">箴言</a> (<a href="/wiki/ch%C3%A2m_ng%C3%B4n#Vietnamese" title="châm ngôn">châm ngôn</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%A9%9E#Vietnamese" title="言詞">言詞</a> (<a href="/wiki/ng%C3%B4n_t%E1%BB%AB#Vietnamese" title="ngôn từ">ngôn từ</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E#Vietnamese" title="言語">言語</a> (<a href="/wiki/ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF#Vietnamese" title="ngôn ngữ">ngôn ngữ</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AB%96#Vietnamese" title="言論">言論</a> (<a href="/wiki/ng%C3%B4n_lu%E1%BA%ADn#Vietnamese" title="ngôn luận">ngôn luận</a>)</li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mandarin_nouns" title="Category:Mandarin nouns">Mandarin nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sichuanese_nouns" title="Category:Sichuanese nouns">Sichuanese nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dungan_nouns" title="Category:Dungan nouns">Dungan nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cantonese_nouns" title="Category:Cantonese nouns">Cantonese nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taishanese_nouns" title="Category:Taishanese nouns">Taishanese nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gan_nouns" title="Category:Gan nouns">Gan nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hakka_nouns" title="Category:Hakka nouns">Hakka nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jin_nouns" title="Category:Jin nouns">Jin nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Northern_Min_nouns" title="Category:Northern Min nouns">Northern Min nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eastern_Min_nouns" title="Category:Eastern Min nouns">Eastern Min nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hokkien_nouns" title="Category:Hokkien nouns">Hokkien nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Teochew_nouns" title="Category:Teochew nouns">Teochew nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Puxian_Min_nouns" title="Category:Puxian Min nouns">Puxian Min nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wu_nouns" title="Category:Wu nouns">Wu nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Xiang_nouns" title="Category:Xiang nouns">Xiang nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Middle_Chinese_nouns" title="Category:Middle Chinese nouns">Middle Chinese nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Chinese_nouns" title="Category:Old Chinese nouns">Old Chinese nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_particles" title="Category:Chinese particles">Chinese particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mandarin_particles" title="Category:Mandarin particles">Mandarin particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sichuanese_particles" title="Category:Sichuanese particles">Sichuanese particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dungan_particles" title="Category:Dungan particles">Dungan particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cantonese_particles" title="Category:Cantonese particles">Cantonese particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taishanese_particles" title="Category:Taishanese particles">Taishanese particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gan_particles" title="Category:Gan particles">Gan particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hakka_particles" title="Category:Hakka particles">Hakka particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jin_particles" title="Category:Jin particles">Jin particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Northern_Min_particles" title="Category:Northern Min particles">Northern Min particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eastern_Min_particles" title="Category:Eastern Min particles">Eastern Min particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hokkien_particles" title="Category:Hokkien particles">Hokkien particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Teochew_particles" title="Category:Teochew particles">Teochew particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Puxian_Min_particles" title="Category:Puxian Min particles">Puxian Min particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wu_particles" title="Category:Wu particles">Wu particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Xiang_particles" title="Category:Xiang particles">Xiang particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Middle_Chinese_particles" title="Category:Middle Chinese particles">Middle Chinese particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Chinese_particles" title="Category:Old Chinese particles">Old Chinese particles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_proper_nouns" title="Category:Chinese proper nouns">Chinese proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mandarin_proper_nouns" title="Category:Mandarin proper nouns">Mandarin proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sichuanese_proper_nouns" title="Category:Sichuanese proper nouns">Sichuanese proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dungan_proper_nouns" title="Category:Dungan proper nouns">Dungan proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cantonese_proper_nouns" title="Category:Cantonese proper nouns">Cantonese proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taishanese_proper_nouns" title="Category:Taishanese proper nouns">Taishanese proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gan_proper_nouns" title="Category:Gan proper nouns">Gan proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hakka_proper_nouns" title="Category:Hakka proper nouns">Hakka proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jin_proper_nouns" title="Category:Jin proper nouns">Jin proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Northern_Min_proper_nouns" title="Category:Northern Min proper nouns">Northern Min proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eastern_Min_proper_nouns" title="Category:Eastern Min proper nouns">Eastern Min proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hokkien_proper_nouns" title="Category:Hokkien proper nouns">Hokkien proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Teochew_proper_nouns" title="Category:Teochew proper nouns">Teochew proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Puxian_Min_proper_nouns" title="Category:Puxian Min proper nouns">Puxian Min proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wu_proper_nouns" title="Category:Wu proper nouns">Wu proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Xiang_proper_nouns" title="Category:Xiang proper nouns">Xiang proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Middle_Chinese_proper_nouns" title="Category:Middle Chinese proper nouns">Middle Chinese proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Chinese_proper_nouns" title="Category:Old Chinese proper nouns">Old Chinese proper nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation">Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_terms_spelled_with_%E8%A8%80" title="Category:Chinese terms spelled with 言">Chinese terms spelled with 言</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mandarin_terms_with_usage_examples" title="Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples">Mandarin terms with usage examples</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Literary_Chinese_terms_with_usage_examples" title="Category:Literary Chinese terms with usage examples">Literary Chinese terms with usage examples</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_terms_with_obsolete_senses" title="Category:Chinese terms with obsolete senses">Chinese terms with obsolete senses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Literary_Chinese_terms_with_quotations" title="Category:Literary Chinese terms with quotations">Literary Chinese terms with quotations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_surnames" title="Category:Chinese 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