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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Couleurs_des_anthocyanidols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Couleurs des anthocyanidols</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Couleurs_des_anthocyanidols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hétérosides" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hétérosides"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hétérosides</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hétérosides-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Test_de_Bate-Smith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Test_de_Bate-Smith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Test de Bate-Smith</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Test_de_Bate-Smith-sublist" 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<input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Anthocyanidine</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 17 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="أنثوسيانيدين – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنثوسيانيدين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocianidina" title="Antocianidina – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Antocianidina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthocyanidine" title="Anthocyanidine – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anthocyanidine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthocyanidin" title="Anthocyanidin – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Anthocyanidin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocianidino" title="Antocianidino – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Antocianidino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antosyanidiinit" title="Antosyanidiinit – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Antosyanidiinit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocianidina" title="Antocianidina – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Antocianidina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocianidina" title="Antocianidina – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Antocianidina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3" title="アントシアニジン – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アントシアニジン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%88%ED%86%A0%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EB%8B%88%EB%94%98" title="안토시아니딘 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="안토시아니딘" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocyjanidyny" title="Antocyjanidyny – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Antocyjanidyny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocianidin%C4%83" title="Antocianidină – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Antocianidină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocijanidin" title="Antocijanidin – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Antocijanidin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocijanidin" title="Antocijanidin – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Antocijanidin" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antocyanidin" title="Antocyanidin – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antocyanidin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Антоціанідини – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Антоціанідини" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E9%9D%92%E7%B4%A0" title="花青素 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="花青素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1073242#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/20px-Confusion_colour.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/30px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/40px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Ne pas confondre avec les <a href="/wiki/Anthocyane" title="Anthocyane">anthocyanes</a> (anthocyanines), leurs hétérosides </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flavylium_cation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flavylium_cation.svg/150px-Flavylium_cation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flavylium_cation.svg/225px-Flavylium_cation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flavylium_cation.svg/300px-Flavylium_cation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="368" /></a><figcaption>Le cation <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flavylium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flavylium (page inexistante)">flavylium</a> (C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>11</sub>O<sup>+</sup>), un cation <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benzopyrylium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benzopyrylium (page inexistante)">benzopyrylium</a> (chroménylium) substitué par un groupe phényle forme le squelette de base des anthocyanidines</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cianidina.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Cianidina.png/150px-Cianidina.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Cianidina.png/225px-Cianidina.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Cianidina.png/300px-Cianidina.png 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="407" /></a><figcaption>Structure 3D de la <a href="/wiki/Cyanidine" title="Cyanidine">cyanidine</a>, l'anthocyanidol le plus répandu dans le règne végétal<sup id="cite_ref-s_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Les <b>anthocyanidines</b> ou <b>anthocyanidols</b> sont une sous-classe des <a href="/wiki/Flavono%C3%AFde" title="Flavonoïde">flavonoïdes</a> au sens large. Ce sont des pigments naturels, basés sur la structure de l'ion <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flavylium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flavylium (page inexistante)">flavylium</a> (ion 2-phényl<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrom%C3%A9nylium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chroménylium (page inexistante)">chroménylium</a>). Leurs dérivés hétérosides sont appelés <a href="/wiki/Anthocyane" title="Anthocyane">anthocyanes</a>, anthocyanosides ou encore anthocyanines<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>N 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Les anthocyanidols forment un grand groupe de <a href="/wiki/Polym%C3%A9thine" title="Polyméthine">colorants polyméthines</a>. </p><p>Le contre-anion du flavylium est la plupart du temps l'ion <a href="/wiki/Chlorure" title="Chlorure">chlorure</a>. De par cette charge positive, les anthocyanidols diffèrent des autres flavonoïdes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_des_anthocyanidols">Structure des anthocyanidols</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Structure des anthocyanidols" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Structure des anthocyanidols"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La structure de base des anthocyanidols (anthocyanidines) est formée de deux noyaux aromatiques A et B joints par 3 carbones formant avec l'oxygène le cycle C. La classification des flavonoïdes étant basée sur le degré d'oxydation de ce cycle C, les anthocyanidols se définissent simplement par les deux doubles liaisons du cycle C qui par conséquent porte une charge positive. </p><p>Les anthocyanidols existent en milieu acide sous la <a href="/wiki/Cation" title="Cation">forme cationique</a>. Les plus communs sont hydroxylés en C<sub>3</sub> et penta- ou hexasubstitués par des hydroxyles et/ou des méthoxyles<sup id="cite_ref-b_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. À eux seuls, les anthocyanidols hydroxylés en C-3, 5, 7 représentent environ 90 % des anthocyanidols connus en 2006<sup id="cite_ref-d_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les six principaux sont : le <a href="/wiki/Cyanidol" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyanidol">cyanidol</a> (cyanidine) qui donne un <a href="/wiki/Pigment" title="Pigment">pigment</a> cramoisi, le <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9largonidol" class="mw-redirect" title="Pélargonidol">pélargonidol</a> (pélargonidine) un pigment écarlate, le <a href="/wiki/Delphinidol" class="mw-redirect" title="Delphinidol">delphinidol</a> pourpre-violet, le <a href="/wiki/Malvidol" class="mw-redirect" title="Malvidol">malvidol</a> violet, le <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9onidol" class="mw-redirect" title="Péonidol">péonidol</a> rouge et le <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9tunidol" class="mw-redirect" title="Pétunidol">pétunidol</a> violet. </p><p>Les 3-désoxyanthocyanidols (sans groupe hydroxyle -OH sur le carbone C-3) sont plus rares et relativement stables. </p><p>En 2009, Davies<sup id="cite_ref-d_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> recense 31 anthocyanidols naturels. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="11" bgcolor="#FF4901"><b>Structures des anthocyanidols </b>, d'après Davies<sup id="cite_ref-d_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (2009) et Sarni-Manchado et als<sup id="cite_ref-s_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (2006) </td></tr> </tbody><caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Nom</th> <th>Structure</th> <th>R<sup>3'</sup></th> <th>R<sup>4'</sup></th> <th>R<sup>5'</sup></th> <th>R<sup>3</sup></th> <th>R<sup>5</sup></th> <th>R<sup>6</sup></th> <th>R<sup>7</sup></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Num%C3%A9ro_CAS" title="Numéro CAS">CAS</a></th> <th>Couleur <br />à pH<1 </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Les 6 anthocyanidols les plus fréquents</b> </td> <td rowspan="24"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Anthocyanidine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="cation flavylium substitué"><img alt="cation flavylium substitué" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Anthocyanidine.svg/175px-Anthocyanidine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Anthocyanidine.svg/263px-Anthocyanidine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Anthocyanidine.svg/350px-Anthocyanidine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="250" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cyanidine" title="Cyanidine">Cyanidine</a> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=528-58-5&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">528-58-5</a></span></span> </td> <td>Orange-rouge </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Delphinidine" title="Delphinidine">Delphinidine</a> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=528-53-0&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">528-53-0</a></span></span> </td> <td>Violet </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9largonidine" title="Pélargonidine">Pélargonidine</a> </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=134-04-3&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">134-04-3</a></span></span> </td> <td>Orange </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Malvidine" title="Malvidine">Malvidine</a> </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=643-84-5&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">643-84-5</a></span></span> </td> <td>Violet </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9onidine" title="Péonidine">Péonidine</a> </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=134-01-0&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">134-01-0</a></span></span> </td> <td>Rouge </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9tunidine" title="Pétunidine">Pétunidine</a> </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=1429-30-7&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">1429-30-7</a></span></span> </td> <td>Violet </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>3-Deoxyanthocyanidines</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apig%C3%A9ninidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apigéninidine (page inexistante)">Apigéninidine</a> </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=1151-98-0&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">1151-98-0</a></span></span> </td> <td>Orange </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lut%C3%A9olinidine" title="Lutéolinidine">Lutéolinidine</a> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=1154-78-5&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">1154-78-5</a></span></span> </td> <td>Orange </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tric%C3%A9tinidine" title="Tricétinidine">Tricétinidine</a> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=65618-21-5&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">65618-21-5</a></span></span> </td> <td>Rouge </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>6-Hydroxyanthocyanidols</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=6-Hydroxyp%C3%A9largonidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6-Hydroxypélargonidine (page inexistante)">6-Hydroxypélargonidine</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Aurantinidine" title="Aurantinidine">Aurantinidine</a> </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=25041-66-1&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">25041-66-1</a></span></span> </td> <td>Orange </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=6-Hydroxycyanidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6-Hydroxycyanidine (page inexistante)">6-Hydroxycyanidine</a> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=42529-06-6&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">42529-06-6</a></span></span> </td> <td>Rouge </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=6-Hydroxydelphinidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6-Hydroxydelphinidine (page inexistante)">6-Hydroxydelphinidine</a> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=178436-68-5&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">178436-68-5</a></span></span> </td> <td>Rouge </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Anthocyanidols méthylés rares</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europinidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europinidine (page inexistante)">Europinidine</a> </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=19077-87-3&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">19077-87-3</a></span></span> </td> <td>Violet </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosinidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosinidine (page inexistante)">Rosinidine</a> </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=4092-64-2&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">4092-64-2</a></span></span> </td> <td>Rouge </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capensinidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capensinidine (page inexistante)">Capensinidine</a> </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=19077-85-1&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">19077-85-1</a></span></span> </td> <td>Violet </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulch%C3%A9llidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulchéllidine (page inexistante)">Pulchéllidine</a> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=19077-86-2&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">19077-86-2</a></span></span> </td> <td>Violet </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirsutidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirsutidine (page inexistante)">Hirsutidine</a> </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=4092-66-4&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">4092-66-4</a></span></span> </td> <td>Violet </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=5-M%C3%A9thylcyanidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-Méthylcyanidine (page inexistante)">5-Méthylcyanidine</a> </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OCH<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=178436-69-6&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">178436-69-6</a></span></span> </td> <td>Orange-rouge </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Anthocyanidols rares</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fis%C3%A9tinidine" title="Fisétinidine">Fisétinidine</a> </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−OH </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−H </td> <td>−OH </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?cas=2948-76-7&language=fr&title=Anthocyanidine">2948-76-7</a></span></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Les 6 anthoxyanidols les plus fréquents sont classés parmi les <a href="/wiki/Additif_alimentaire" title="Additif alimentaire">additifs alimentaires</a> : </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="#FF4901"><b>Anthocyanidols additifs alimentaires</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Anthocyanidol</b></td> <td>Cyanidine</td> <td>Delphinidine</td> <td>Pélargonidine</td> <td>Malvidine</td> <td>Péonidine</td> <td>Pétunidine </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_additifs_alimentaires" title="Liste des additifs alimentaires">Numéro E</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E163a" class="mw-redirect" title="E163a"><abbr class="abbr" title="Cyanidine, colorant rouge">E163a</abbr></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E163b" class="mw-redirect" title="E163b"><abbr class="abbr" title="Delphinidine, colorant bleu">E163b</abbr></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E163d" class="mw-redirect" title="E163d"><abbr class="abbr" title="Pélargonidine, colorant ocre">E163d</abbr></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E163c" class="mw-redirect" title="E163c"><abbr class="abbr" title="Malvidine, colorant pourpre">E163c</abbr></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E163e" class="mw-redirect" title="E163e"><abbr class="abbr" title="Péonidine, colorant rouge">E163e</abbr></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E163f" class="mw-redirect" title="E163f"><abbr class="abbr" title="Pétunidine, colorant rouge">E163f</abbr></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Le noyau flavylium des anthocyanidols manifestant une forte réactivité avec les nucléophiles, il en résulte une grande instabilité de ces métabolites dans les tissus végétaux<sup id="cite_ref-s_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Leur stabilisation se fait par une <a href="/wiki/Glycosylation" title="Glycosylation">glycosylation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Couleurs_des_anthocyanidols">Couleurs des anthocyanidols</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Couleurs des anthocyanidols" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Couleurs des anthocyanidols"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La couleur des anthocyanidols provient des <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_conjugu%C3%A9" title="Système conjugué">doubles liaisons conjuguées</a> du cation flavylium responsable de l'absorption de la lumière dans les environs de 500 <abbr class="abbr" title="nanomètre">nm</abbr> (vert) et donnant une impression de rouge à l’œil humain<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>N 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Suivant le degré d'hydroxylation et de méthoxylation, la teinte dominante des anthocyanidols varie de l'orange au violet<sup id="cite_ref-s_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ainsi on passe du pélargonidol de couleur orange au delphinidol violet, par une augmentation du nombre d'<a href="/wiki/Hydroxyle" title="Hydroxyle">hydroxyles</a> -OH sur le cycle B (en position 3' et 5') entrainant un déplacement de l'absorbance maximale dans le visible vers les grandes longueurs d'onde. </p><p>En revanche, si les hydroxyles (en 3' ou 5') sont remplacés par des <a href="/wiki/Alcoxyle" title="Alcoxyle">méthoxyles</a> -OCH<sub>3</sub>, le <a href="/wiki/Chromophore" title="Chromophore">chromophore</a> est beaucoup plus rouge et stable. Ainsi, des extraits aqueux contenant principalement du pélargonidol ou du cyanidol glycolysés apparaissent rouge-orangé, alors que ceux contenant du péonidol glycolysé sont rouge foncé, et ceux contenant des glycosides de delphinidol, pétunidol, malvidol ont une coloration violette (rouge bleuté). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hétérosides"><span id="H.C3.A9t.C3.A9rosides"></span>Hétérosides</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Hétérosides" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Hétérosides"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Comme la plupart des flavonoïdes, les anthocyanidols sont présents dans la nature sous forme d'<a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside" title="Hétéroside">hétérosides</a>, dans lesquels ils jouent le rôle de l'<a href="/wiki/Aglycone" title="Aglycone">aglycone</a>. Ces hétérosides, appelés des <a href="/wiki/Anthocyanoside" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthocyanoside">anthocyanosides</a> ou anthocyanes, forment des molécules beaucoup plus stables que les aglycones seuls. </p><p>Les anthocyanosides s'accumulent dans les vacuoles des cellules épidermiques. Ils sont présents dans les pétales de fleurs comme les pavots ou les mauves mais c'est dans les fruits qu'ils sont à plus forte concentration : sureau (0,2-1,8 %), jus de grenade (0,6-0,7 %) ou raisin noir (0,03-0,7 %). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Test_de_Bate-Smith">Test de Bate-Smith</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Test de Bate-Smith" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Test de Bate-Smith"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Bate-Smith_Assay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bate-Smith_Assay.jpg/220px-Bate-Smith_Assay.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bate-Smith_Assay.jpg/330px-Bate-Smith_Assay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bate-Smith_Assay.jpg/440px-Bate-Smith_Assay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1973" data-file-height="1191" /></a><figcaption>Coloration rouge apparue lors d'un test de Bate-Smith. Le tube de gauche a été chauffé en milieu acide pendant 30 minutes. Celui de droite est le témoin.</figcaption></figure> <p>Le test de <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Charles_Bate-Smith" title="Edgar Charles Bate-Smith">Bate-Smith</a> est une méthode de quantification totale des <a href="/wiki/Tanin_condens%C3%A9" title="Tanin condensé">tanins condensés</a> (proanthocyanidines) par <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9polym%C3%A9risation" title="Dépolymérisation">dépolymérisation</a> par <a href="/wiki/Hydrolyse" title="Hydrolyse">hydrolyse</a> acide. Deux tubes sont préparés. Un est porté à 100°C pendant 30 minutes et à l'autre est gardé à 0°C durant le même temps (tube témoin). En présence de tanins condensés, une coloration rouge se développe. On stoppe la réaction avec un ajout d'éthanol. On mesure la différence d'absorbance à 550 nm entre les deux tubes. Cette différence est en rapport avec la quantité d'anthocyanidines formées, qui est elle-même en rapport avec la concentration initiale en tanin<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Jean Bruneton préfère maintenir le suffixe <i>-oside</i> pour les hétérosides et le suffixe <i>-ol</i> pour les polyphénols. Pour éviter les risques de confusion entre anthocyanidines et anthocyanines, on préfèrera anthocyanidols et anthocyanosides</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">la lumière perçue a été réfléchie et donc non absorbée</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthocyanidine&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-s-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-s_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-s_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-s_1-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-s_1-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sarni-Manchado,_V._Cheynier2006"><span class="ouvrage" id="P._Sarni-Manchado,_V._Cheynier2006">P. Sarni-Manchado, V. Cheynier, <cite class="italique">Les polyphénols en agroalimentaire</cite>, Lavoisier, Editions Tec & Doc, <time>2006</time>, 398 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-7430-0805-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-7430-0805-9"><span class="nowrap">2-7430-0805-9</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+polyph%C3%A9nols+en+agroalimentaire&rft.pub=Lavoisier%2C+Editions+Tec+%26+Doc&rft.au=P.+Sarni-Manchado%2C+V.+Cheynier&rft.date=2006&rft.tpages=398&rft.isbn=2-7430-0805-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnthocyanidine"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-b_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="J.2009"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bruneton,_J.2009">Bruneton, J., <cite class="italique">Pharmacognosie - Phytochimie, plantes médicinales, <i><abbr class="abbr" title="Quatrième">4<sup>e</sup></abbr> éd., revue et augmentée</i></cite>, Paris, Tec & Doc - Éditions médicales internationales, <time>2009</time>, 1288 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7430-1188-8" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7430-1188-8"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7430-1188-8</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pharmacognosie+-+Phytochimie%2C+plantes+m%C3%A9dicinales%2C+%27%274e%26nbsp%3B%C3%A9d.%2C+revue+et+augment%C3%A9e%27%27&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Tec+%26+Doc+-+%C3%89ditions+m%C3%A9dicales+internationales&rft.aulast=J.&rft.aufirst=Bruneton%2C&rft.date=2009&rft.tpages=1288&rft.isbn=978-2-7430-1188-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnthocyanidine"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-d_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-d_4-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-d_4-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Kevin_M._Davies2009"><span class="nom_auteur">Kevin M. Davies</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Modifying Anthocyanin Production in Flowers</cite> », <i>in K. Gould, K. Davies, C. Winefield, <i>ANTHOCYANINS Biosynthesis, Functions, and Applications</i>, Springer</i>,‎ <time>2009</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Modifying+Anthocyanin+Production+in+Flowers&rft.jtitle=in+K.+Gould%2C+K.+Davies%2C+C.+Winefield%2C+%27%27ANTHOCYANINS+Biosynthesis%2C+Functions%2C+and+Applications%27%27%2C+Springer&rft.aulast=Kevin+M.+Davies&rft.date=2009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnthocyanidine"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Adeline Vignault, Maria Reyes González-Centeno, Olga Pascual, Jordi Gombau, Michael Jourdes, Virgini eMoine, Nerea Iturmendi, Juan Miquel Canals, Fernando Zamora & Pierre-Louis Teissedre, 2018. Chemical characterization, antioxidant properties and oxygen consumption rate of 36 commercial oenological tannins in a model wine solution. Food Chemistry, Volume 268, 1 December 2018, Pages 210-219, <small class="plainlinks noarchive"><a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.foodchem.2018.06.031">10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.031</a></small>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Flavono%C3%AFde" title="Modèle:Palette Flavonoïde"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Flavono%C3%AFde&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%">Flavonoïdes</div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Flavono%C3%AFde" title="Flavonoïde">Flavonoïdes</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurone_(groupe)" title="Aurone (groupe)">Aurones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcono%C3%AFde" title="Chalconoïde">Chalcones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydrochalcone" title="Dihydrochalcone">Dihydrochalcones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavane" title="Flavane">Flavanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavone_(groupe)" title="Flavone (groupe)">Flavones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavonol" title="Flavonol">Flavonols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavanone" title="Flavanone">Flavanones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavanonol" title="Flavanonol">Flavanonols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavan-3-ol" title="Flavan-3-ol">Flavan-3-ols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavan-4-ol" title="Flavan-4-ol">Flavan-4-ols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucoanthocyanidine" title="Leucoanthocyanidine">Flavane-3,4-diols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflavone" title="Isoflavone">Isoflavones</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anthocyanidines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanin_condens%C3%A9" title="Tanin condensé">Tanins condensés</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A9oflavono%C3%AFde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Néoflavonoïde (page inexistante)">Néoflavonoïdes</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalbergichrom%C3%A8ne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dalbergichromène (page inexistante)">Dalbergichromène</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><i>Autres catégories</i></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flavono%C3%AFde_C-m%C3%A9thyl%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flavonoïde C-méthylé (page inexistante)">Flavonoïdes C-méthylés</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flavono%C3%AFde_O-m%C3%A9thyl%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flavonoïde O-méthylé (page inexistante)">Flavonoïdes O-méthylés</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoflavono%C3%AFde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoflavonoïde (page inexistante)">Isoflavonoïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavonolignane" title="Flavonolignane">Flavonolignanes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Furanoflavono%C3%AFde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Furanoflavonoïde (page inexistante)">Furanoflavonoïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyranoflavono%C3%AFde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyranoflavonoïde (page inexistante)">Pyranoflavonoïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A9thyl%C3%A8nedioxyflavono%C3%AFde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Méthylènedioxyflavonoïde (page inexistante)">Méthylènedioxyflavonoïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flavono%C3%AFde_pr%C3%A9nyl%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flavonoïde prénylé (page inexistante)">Flavonoïdes prénylés</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosynth%C3%A8se_de_flavono%C3%AFde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biosynthèse de flavonoïde (page inexistante)">Biosynthèse de flavonoïde</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Anthocyanidines" title="Modèle:Palette Anthocyanidines"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Anthocyanidines&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anthocyanidines</a> et hétérosides <a href="/wiki/Anthocyane" title="Anthocyane">anthocyanes</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:20%;">3-hydroxyanthocyanidines</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5-d%C3%A9soxyp%C3%A9onidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-désoxypéonidine (page inexistante)">5-désoxypéonidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurantinidine" title="Aurantinidine">aurantinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanidine" title="Cyanidine">cyanidine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6-hydroxycyanidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6-hydroxycyanidine (page inexistante)">6-hydroxycyanidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinidine" title="Delphinidine">delphinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fis%C3%A9tinidine" title="Fisétinidine">fisétinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guibourtinidine" title="Guibourtinidine">guibourtinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lacacinidine" title="Mélacacinidine">mélacacinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9largonidine" title="Pélargonidine">pélargonidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin%C3%A9tinidine" title="Robinétinidine">robinétinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9racacinidine" title="Téracacinidine">téracacinidine</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:20%;"><a href="/wiki/3-D%C3%A9soxyanthocyanidine" title="3-Désoxyanthocyanidine">3-désoxyanthocyanidines</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apig%C3%A9ninidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apigéninidine (page inexistante)">apigéninidine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columnidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Columnidine (page inexistante)">columnidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diosm%C3%A9tinidine" title="Diosmétinidine">diosmétinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gesn%C3%A9ridine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gesnéridine (page inexistante)">gesnéridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lut%C3%A9olinidine" title="Lutéolinidine">lutéolinidine</a></li></ul> </div> <a href="/wiki/Tric%C3%A9tinidine" title="Tricétinidine">tricétinidine</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:20%;">anthocyanidines O-méthylées</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5-d%C3%A9soxymalvidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-désoxymalvidine (page inexistante)">5-désoxymalvidine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capensinidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capensinidine (page inexistante)">capensinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europinidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europinidine (page inexistante)">europinidine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirsutidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirsutidine (page inexistante)">hirsutidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvidine" title="Malvidine">malvidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9onidine" title="Péonidine">péonidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9tunidine" title="Pétunidine">pétunidine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulchellidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulchellidine (page inexistante)">pulchellidine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosinidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosinidine (page inexistante)">rosinidine</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:20%;"><a href="/wiki/Anthocyane" title="Anthocyane">anthocyanes</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antirrhinine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antirrhinine (page inexistante)">antirrhinine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysanth%C3%A9mine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chrysanthémine (page inexistante)">chrysanthémine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvine" title="Malvine">malvine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myrtilline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myrtilline (page inexistante)">myrtilline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%92nine" title="Œnine">œnine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primuline" title="Primuline">primuline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulchellidine_3-glucoside&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulchellidine 3-glucoside (page inexistante)">pulchellidine 3-glucoside</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulchellidine_3-rhamnoside&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulchellidine 3-rhamnoside (page inexistante)">pulchellidine 3-rhamnoside</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulipanine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tulipanine (page inexistante)">tulipanine</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:20%;">hétérosides <a href="/wiki/Ac%C3%A9tylation" title="Acétylation">acétylés</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyanidine-3-(di-p-coumarylglucoside)-5-glucoside&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyanidine-3-(di-p-coumarylglucoside)-5-glucoside (page inexistante)">cyanidine-3-(di-p-coumarylglucoside)-5-glucoside</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Violdelphine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Violdelphine (page inexistante)">violdelphine</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:20%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A9talloanthocyanine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Métalloanthocyanine (page inexistante)">Métalloanthocyanines</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comm%C3%A9linine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commélinine (page inexistante)">Commélinine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyanosalvianine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyanosalvianine (page inexistante)">Cyanosalvianine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protocyanine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protocyanine (page inexistante)">Protocyanine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protodelphine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protodelphine (page inexistante)">Protodelphine</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style="background:white;"> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Pigments_v%C3%A9g%C3%A9taux" title="Modèle:Palette Pigments végétaux"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Pigments_v%C3%A9g%C3%A9taux&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Pigment_biologique" title="Pigment biologique">Pigments végétaux</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;width:100px;background:#DDDDFF;"><a href="/wiki/Chlorophylle" title="Chlorophylle">Chlorophylles</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophylle_a" title="Chlorophylle a">Chlorophylle <i>a</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophylle_b" title="Chlorophylle b">Chlorophylle <i>b</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophylle_c1" title="Chlorophylle c1">Chlorophylle <i>c</i><sub>1</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophylle_c2" title="Chlorophylle c2">Chlorophylle <i>c</i><sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophylle_d" title="Chlorophylle d">Chlorophylle <i>d</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophylle_f" title="Chlorophylle f">Chlorophylle <i>f</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Divinyl-chlorophylle_a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Divinyl-chlorophylle a (page inexistante)">Divinyl-chlorophylle <i>a</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Divinyl-chlorophylle_b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Divinyl-chlorophylle b (page inexistante)">Divinyl-chlorophylle <i>b</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bact%C3%A9riochlorophylle" title="Bactériochlorophylle">Bactériochlorophylle</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;width:100px;background:#DDDDFF;"><a href="/wiki/Carot%C3%A9no%C3%AFde" title="Caroténoïde">Caroténoïdes</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;; background:#F7F8FF;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carot%C3%A8ne" title="Carotène">Carotènes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9tino%C3%AFde" title="Rétinoïde">Rétinoïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanthophylle" title="Xanthophylle">Xanthophylles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astaxanthine" title="Astaxanthine">astaxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anth%C3%A9raxanthine" title="Anthéraxanthine">anthéraxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canthaxanthine" title="Canthaxanthine">canthaxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diadinoxanthine" title="Diadinoxanthine">diadinoxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatoxanthine" title="Diatoxanthine">diatoxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fucoxanthine" title="Fucoxanthine">fucoxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lut%C3%A9ine" title="Lutéine">lutéine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9oxanthine" title="Néoxanthine">néoxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siphonaxanthine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siphonaxanthine (page inexistante)">siphonaxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violaxanthine" title="Violaxanthine">violaxanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9axanthine" title="Zéaxanthine">zéaxanthine</a></li> <li>…</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;width:100px;background:#DDDDFF;"><a href="/wiki/Flavono%C3%AFde" title="Flavonoïde">Flavonoïdes</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthocyane" title="Anthocyane">Anthocyanes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anthocyanidines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthoxanthine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthoxanthine (page inexistante)">Anthoxanthines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanin_condens%C3%A9" title="Tanin condensé">Tanins condensés</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;width:100px;background:#DDDDFF;"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9tala%C3%AFne" title="Bétalaïne">Bétalaïnes</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;; background:#F7F8FF;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9tacyanine" title="Bétacyanine">Bétacyanines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9taxanthine" title="Bétaxanthine">bétaxanthines</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;width:100px;background:#DDDDFF;"><a href="/wiki/Phycobiliprot%C3%A9ine" title="Phycobiliprotéine">Phycobiliprotéines</a> et <a href="/wiki/Phycobiline" title="Phycobiline">phycobilines</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allophycocyanine" title="Allophycocyanine">Allophycocyanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phycocyanine" title="Phycocyanine">Phycocyanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyco%C3%A9rythrine" title="Phycoérythrine">Phycoérythrine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phyco%C3%A9rythrocyanine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phycoérythrocyanine (page inexistante)">Phycoérythrocyanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phycobiline" title="Phycobiline">Phycobiline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyco%C3%A9rythrobiline" title="Phycoérythrobiline">Phycoérythrobiline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phycourobiline" title="Phycourobiline">Phycourobiline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phycoviolobiline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phycoviolobiline (page inexistante)">Phycoviolobiline</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;width:100px;background:#DDDDFF;">Autres</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;; background:#F7F8FF;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phytochrome" title="Phytochrome">Phytochrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptochrome" title="Cryptochrome">Cryptochrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinone" title="Quinone">Quinone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanthono%C3%AFde" title="Xanthonoïde">Xanthonoïde</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Indicateurs_color%C3%A9s" title="Modèle:Palette Indicateurs colorés"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Indicateurs_color%C3%A9s&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Indicateur_color%C3%A9" title="Indicateur coloré">Indicateurs colorés</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:270px"><a href="/wiki/Indicateur_de_pH" title="Indicateur de pH">Indicateurs de pH</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alizarine" title="Alizarine">Alizarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthocyane" title="Anthocyane">Anthocyane</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anthocyanidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azolitmine" title="Azolitmine">Azolitmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleu_de_bromoph%C3%A9nol" title="Bleu de bromophénol">Bleu de bromophénol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleu_de_bromothymol" title="Bleu de bromothymol">Bleu de bromothymol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleu_de_thymol" title="Bleu de thymol">Bleu de thymol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmin_d%27indigo" title="Carmin d'indigo">Carmin d'indigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89osine" title="Éosine">Éosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythrol%C3%A9ine" title="Erythroléine">Erythroléine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9lianthine" title="Hélianthine">Hélianthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaune_de_m%C3%A9thyle" title="Jaune de méthyle">Jaune de méthyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaune_orang%C3%A9_S" title="Jaune orangé S">Jaune orangé S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvine" title="Malvine">Malvine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-Nitroph%C3%A9nol" title="4-Nitrophénol">4-Nitrophénol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%92nine" title="Œnine">Œnine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orc%C3%A9ine" title="Orcéine">Orcéine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papier_de_tournesol" title="Papier de tournesol">Papier de tournesol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nolphtal%C3%A9ine" title="Phénolphtaléine">Phénolphtaléine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pourpre_de_bromocr%C3%A9sol" title="Pourpre de bromocrésol">Pourpre de bromocrésol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primuline" title="Primuline">Primuline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouge_congo" title="Rouge congo">Rouge congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouge_de_cr%C3%A9sol" title="Rouge de crésol">Rouge de crésol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouge_de_m%C3%A9thyle" title="Rouge de méthyle">Rouge de méthyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouge_de_ph%C3%A9nol" title="Rouge de phénol">Rouge de phénol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouge_neutre" title="Rouge neutre">Rouge neutre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymolphtal%C3%A9ine" title="Thymolphtaléine">Thymolphtaléine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vert_de_bromocr%C3%A9sol" title="Vert de bromocrésol">Vert de bromocrésol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vert_malachite" title="Vert malachite">Vert malachite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_de_gentiane" title="Violet de gentiane">Violet de gentiane</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:270px"><a href="/wiki/Indicateur_r%C3%A9dox" title="Indicateur rédox">Indicateurs rédox</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bipyridine" title="Bipyridine">Bipyridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleu_de_m%C3%A9thyl%C3%A8ne" title="Bleu de méthylène">Bleu de méthylène</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmin_d%27indigo" title="Carmin d'indigo">Carmin d'indigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorure_de_triph%C3%A9nylt%C3%A9trazolium" title="Chlorure de triphényltétrazolium">Chlorure de triphényltétrazolium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diph%C3%A9nylamine" title="Diphénylamine">Diphénylamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferro%C3%AFne" title="Ferroïne">Ferroïne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1,10-Ph%C3%A9nanthroline" title="1,10-Phénanthroline">1,10-Phénantroline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouge_neutre" title="Rouge neutre">Rouge neutre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safranine" title="Safranine">Safranine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thionine" title="Thionine">Thionine</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:270px"><a href="/wiki/Indicateur_de_complexom%C3%A9trie" title="Indicateur de complexométrie">Indicateurs de complexométrie</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curcumine" title="Curcumine">Curcumine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noir_%C3%89riochrome_T" title="Noir Ériochrome T">Noir Ériochrome T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murexide" title="Murexide">Murexide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_de_xyl%C3%A9nol" title="Orange de xylénol">Orange de xylénol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_de_phtal%C3%A9ine" title="Violet de phtaléine">Violet de phtaléine</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:270px"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indicateur_de_pr%C3%A9cipitation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indicateur de précipitation (page inexistante)">Indicateurs de précipitation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Argentim%C3%A9trie" title="Argentimétrie">argentimétrie</a>)</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromate_de_potassium" title="Chromate de potassium">Chromate de potassium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluoresc%C3%A9ine" title="Fluorescéine">Fluorescéine</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Chimie" title="Portail de la chimie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/36px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 1.5x, 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