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user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Agonista" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Agonista" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu 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mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div 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id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 35 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B6_(%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="ناهض (علم الأدوية) - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ناهض (علم الأدوية)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5" title="ক্রিয়জ পদার্থ - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্রিয়জ পদার্থ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonista" title="Agonista - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Agonista" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%AF%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="ئاگۆنیست - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاگۆنیست" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist_(farmakologi)" title="Agonist (farmakologi) - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Agonist (farmakologi)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist_(Pharmakologie)" title="Agonist (Pharmakologie) - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Agonist (Pharmakologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist" title="Agonist - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Agonist" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonista" title="Agonista - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Agonista" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist" title="Agonist - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Agonist" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonista" title="Agonista - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Agonista" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="آگونیست - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آگونیست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonisti" title="Agonisti - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Agonisti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agoniste_(biochimie)" title="Agoniste (biochimie) - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Agoniste (biochimie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98" title="אגוניסט - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אגוניסט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist_(kemija)" title="Agonist (kemija) - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Agonist (kemija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonista" title="Agonista - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Agonista" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%C3%B0taka%C3%B6rvi" title="Viðtakaörvi - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Viðtakaörvi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B4%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88" title="アゴニスト - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アゴニスト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9A%A8%EB%8A%A5%EC%A0%9C" title="효능제 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="효능제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonista_(biochemia)" title="Agonista (biochemia) - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Agonista (biochemia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist_(biochemie)" title="Agonist (biochemie) - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Agonist (biochemie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist" title="Agonist - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Agonist" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonista" title="Agonista - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Agonista" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonista_(farmacologia)" title="Agonista (farmacologia) - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Agonista (farmacologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist" title="Agonist - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Agonist" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Агонист - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Агонист" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist_(farmakologija)" title="Agonist (farmakologija) - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Agonist (farmakologija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist" title="Agonist - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Agonist" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist" title="Agonist - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Agonist" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist_(farmakologija)" title="Agonist (farmakologija) - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Agonist (farmakologija)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist" title="Agonist - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Agonist" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ตัวทำการ - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตัวทำการ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist" title="Agonist - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Agonist" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82" title="Агоніст - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Агоніст" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%8A%A8%E5%89%82" title="激动剂 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="激动剂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q389934#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> 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title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Agonista" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Agonista" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&oldid=139017424" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Agonista&id=139017424&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAgonista"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAgonista"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Agonista"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Agonista&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Receptor_agonists" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q389934" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niente fonti!"><img alt="Niente fonti!" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/68px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/90px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento biochimica <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">non cita le fonti necessarie</a> o quelle presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agonista&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Biochimica" class="mw-redirect" title="Progetto:Biochimica">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r133964453"><div style="" class="ambox metadata noprint plainlinks avviso avviso-stile"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikitext.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Questa voce è da wikificare"><img alt="Questa voce è da wikificare" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wikitext.svg/50px-Wikitext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wikitext.svg/75px-Wikitext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wikitext.svg/100px-Wikitext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="78" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento biochimica non è ancora <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Wikificare" title="Aiuto:Wikificare">formattata</a> secondo gli <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Manuale_di_stile" title="Aiuto:Manuale di stile">standard</a></b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr /><a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agonista&action=edit">Contribuisci</a> a migliorarla secondo le <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Manuale_di_stile" title="Aiuto:Manuale di stile">convenzioni di Wikipedia</a>. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Biochimica" class="mw-redirect" title="Progetto:Biochimica">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agonisti_pieno_e_parziale.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Agonisti_pieno_e_parziale.svg/310px-Agonisti_pieno_e_parziale.svg.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Agonisti_pieno_e_parziale.svg/465px-Agonisti_pieno_e_parziale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Agonisti_pieno_e_parziale.svg/620px-Agonisti_pieno_e_parziale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption>Curve dose risposta per un agonista pieno e uno parziale</figcaption></figure> <p>In campo <a href="/wiki/Farmacologia" title="Farmacologia">farmacologico</a> e <a href="/wiki/Biochimica" title="Biochimica">biochimico</a> è definita <b>agonista</b> una sostanza in grado di legare uno specifico <a href="/wiki/Recettore_(biochimica)" title="Recettore (biochimica)">recettore</a> nel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sito_di_legame&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sito di legame (la pagina non esiste)">sito di legame</a> per il <a href="/wiki/Ligando_(biochimica)" title="Ligando (biochimica)">ligando</a> endogeno. Si pone quindi in competizione, come suggerisce il nome, con quest'ultimo per il legame con tale sito. </p><p>A seguito del legame con ligando naturale<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554517">.mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:#ffeaea;color:#444444}.mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#EE0700}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}</style><span class="chiarimento"></span><sup class="noprint chiarimento-apice">[<i><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Chiarezza" title="Aiuto:Chiarezza">È la stessa cosa del "ligando endogeno" detto prima.</a></i>]</sup>, il recettore va incontro a modificazioni <a href="/wiki/Conformazione" title="Conformazione">conformazionali</a> che ne mediano l'attività biologica a livello cellulare. Gli agonisti sono <a href="/wiki/Molecola" title="Molecola">molecole</a> ad attività intrinseca in grado di mimare gli effetti del ligando. Quando si legano al recettore, causano modificazioni conformazionali di entità simile a quelle provocate dal legame con il ligando endogeno. L'effetto e la durata dell'attività possono essere, a seconda dell'agonista, molto variabili: da inferiore, simile e superiore al ligando naturale. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tipi_di_agonisti">Tipi di agonisti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Tipi di agonisti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Tipi di agonisti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Agonisti totali o puri</b>: legano e attivano fortemente il recettore. Un esempio di tali agonisti è "l'isoproterenolo" che mima l'attività dell'adrenalina a livello dei recettori β adrenergici. </p><p><b>Co-agonisti</b>: necessitano di agire con altri co-agonisti (altre sostanze) per poter evocare l'effetto finale. </p><p><b>Agonista selettivo</b>: particolare tipo di agonista che risulta essere selettivo per un particolare tipo di struttura recettoriale. Ogni tipo di recettore di solito è divisibile in diverse sottofamiglie e ogni sottofamiglia presenta diverse forme, definite isoforme. Avere così tante strutture recettoriali simili tra loro e differenti solo per piccole sequenze consente all'organismo di poter utilizzare un solo tipo di ligando e poter evocare risposte diverse in diversi tessuti. Poter attivare selettivamente una sola isoforma recettoriale presenta molte implicazioni farmacologiche: è possibile ottenere un farmaco specifico per una patologia e ridurre i possibili effetti collaterali. Causa l'alta affinità strutturale tra le diverse isoforme, è di solito difficilissimo ottenere un ligando selettivo per una isoforma. </p><p><b>Agonista parziale</b>: agonista dall'attività peculiare. Si lega al recettore, ma invece di indurre la risposta massimale, causa una risposta parziale. Il recettore non media una risposta completa, ma solo in forma parziale e incompleta. Questo non è oggi del tutto chiarito, ma sembra possa essere spiegato attraverso due motivazioni: primo, con la presenza di recettori di riserva, secondo, con la presenza contemporanea di recettori presenti in forma attiva, inattiva e desensitizzati (a loro volta identificabili in desensitizzazione lenta e rapida). I recettori sono presenti in equilibrio tra le varie conformazioni. L'agonista parziale potrebbe legare il recettore nella forma desensitizzata e mediare una risposta solo parziale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antagonista_(biochimica)" title="Antagonista (biochimica)">Antagonista (biochimica)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Receptor agonists"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Receptor_agonists?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Receptor_agonists?uselang=it">agonista</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/agonist"><span style="font-style:italic;">agonist</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389934#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Farmacologia"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#efefef"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Farmacologia" title="Template:Farmacologia"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Farmacologia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Farmacologia (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Farmacologia&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Farmacologia" title="Farmacologia">Farmacologia</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Farmacocinetica" title="Farmacocinetica">Farmacocinetica</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/ADME" title="ADME">ADME</a>:<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Assorbimento_(farmacologia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assorbimento (farmacologia) (la pagina non esiste)">Assorbimento</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Distribuzione_(farmacologia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distribuzione (farmacologia) (la pagina non esiste)">Distribuzione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Biotrasformazione" title="Biotrasformazione">Biotrasformazione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Escrezione" title="Escrezione">Escrezione</a> (<a href="/wiki/Clearance" title="Clearance">Clearance</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parametri_Farmacocinetici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parametri Farmacocinetici (la pagina non esiste)">Parametri Farmacocinetici</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dose_di_carico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dose di carico (la pagina non esiste)">Dose di carico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Volume_di_distribuzione" title="Volume di distribuzione">Volume di distribuzione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bioequivalenza" title="Bioequivalenza">Bioequivalenza</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Biodisponibilit%C3%A0" title="Biodisponibilità">Biodisponibilità</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Emivita_(farmacologia)" title="Emivita (farmacologia)">Emivita</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Legame_dei_farmaci_alle_proteine_plasmatiche" title="Legame dei farmaci alle proteine plasmatiche">Legame dei farmaci alle proteine plasmatiche</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Indice_terapeutico" title="Indice terapeutico">Indice terapeutico</a> (<a href="/wiki/DL50" title="DL50">DL50</a> / <a href="/wiki/ED50" title="ED50">ED50</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Finestra_terapeutica" title="Finestra terapeutica">Finestra terapeutica</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Farmacodinamica" title="Farmacodinamica">Farmacodinamica</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curva_dose-risposta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curva dose-risposta (la pagina non esiste)">Curva dose-risposta</a><b> ·</b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Efficacia_(farmacologia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efficacia (farmacologia) (la pagina non esiste)">Efficacia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Potenza_(farmacologia)" title="Potenza (farmacologia)">Potenza</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farmacodinamica_antimicrobica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farmacodinamica antimicrobica (la pagina non esiste)">Farmacodinamica antimicrobica</a>:<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Concentrazione_minima_inibitoria" title="Concentrazione minima inibitoria">Concentrazione minima inibitoria</a>/<a href="/wiki/Batteriostatico" title="Batteriostatico">Batteriostatico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Concentrazione_minima_battericida" title="Concentrazione minima battericida">Concentrazione minima battericida</a>/<a href="/wiki/Battericida" title="Battericida">Battericida</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Agonismo ed Antagonismo</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Agonista</a>:<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista_inverso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agonista inverso (la pagina non esiste)">Agonista inverso</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista_irreversibile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agonista irreversibile (la pagina non esiste)">Agonista irreversibile</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agonista_parziale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agonista parziale (la pagina non esiste)">Agonista parziale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Superagonista" title="Superagonista">Superagonista</a> <p><a href="/wiki/Antagonista_(biochimica)" title="Antagonista (biochimica)">Antagonista</a>:<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antagonista_competitivo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antagonista competitivo (la pagina non esiste)">Antagonista competitivo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antagonista_irreversibile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antagonista irreversibile (la pagina non esiste)">Antagonista irreversibile</a> </p> Altro:<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Legame_(molecolare)" class="mw-redirect" title="Legame (molecolare)">Legame (molecolare)</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Altro</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolleranza_farmacologica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tolleranza farmacologica (la pagina non esiste)">Tolleranza farmacologica</a>:<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tachifilassi" title="Tachifilassi">Tachifilassi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Farmacoresistenza" title="Farmacoresistenza">Farmacoresistenza</a>:<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Resistenza_agli_antibiotici" title="Resistenza agli antibiotici">Resistenza agli antibiotici</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Resistenza_multifarmaco" title="Resistenza multifarmaco">Resistenza multifarmaco</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Campi connessi</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Farmacogenetica" title="Farmacogenetica">Farmacogenetica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Farmacogenomica" title="Farmacogenomica">Farmacogenomica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Neuropsicofarmacologia" title="Neuropsicofarmacologia">Neuropsicofarmacologia</a><b> ·</b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Neurofarmacologia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neurofarmacologia (la pagina non esiste)">Neurofarmacologia</a>, <a 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