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searchaux" style="display:none">Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1868–1885</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Hackney</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Former <a href="/wiki/Borough_constituency" class="mw-redirect" title="Borough constituency">borough constituency</a><br /><span class="category">for the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;"><a href="/wiki/1868_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1868 United Kingdom general election">1868</a>–<a href="/wiki/1885_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1885 United Kingdom general election">1885</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 50%">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data">two</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 50%">Created from</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tower_Hamlets_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Tower Hamlets (UK Parliament constituency)">Tower Hamlets</a> (former north part of)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 50%">Replaced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green_North_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bethnal Green North East (UK Parliament constituency)">Bethnal Green North East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green_South_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bethnal Green South West (UK Parliament constituency)">Bethnal Green South West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hackney_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hackney North (UK Parliament constituency)">Hackney North</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hackney_Central_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hackney Central (UK Parliament constituency)">Hackney Central</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hackney_South_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hackney South (UK Parliament constituency)">Hackney South</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoxton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hoxton (UK Parliament constituency)">Hoxton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shoreditch_Haggerston_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoreditch Haggerston (UK Parliament constituency)">Shoreditch Haggerston</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hackney</b> was a two-seat <a href="/wiki/Constituency" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituency">constituency</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a> created under the <a href="/wiki/Representation_of_the_People_Act_1867" class="mw-redirect" title="Representation of the People Act 1867">Representation of the People Act, 1867</a> (often termed Second Reform Act) from the former northern parishes of the <a href="/wiki/Tower_Hamlets_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Tower Hamlets (UK Parliament constituency)">Tower Hamlets</a> constituency and abolished under the <a href="/wiki/Redistribution_of_Seats_Act_1885" title="Redistribution of Seats Act 1885">Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885</a> (often termed a twin Third Reform Act, with its enabling <a href="/wiki/Reform_Act_1884" class="mw-redirect" title="Reform Act 1884">Reform Act 1884</a>). </p><p>The constituency existed in its two-seat form for three general elections and returned two <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Members</a> at each election until its abolition. At abolition it was noted intense house- and apartment (tenement block-) building had occurred within its boundaries and it was divided into seven single seats. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boundaries">Boundaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hackney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Boundaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hackney1868.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hackney1868.png/300px-Hackney1868.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hackney1868.png/450px-Hackney1868.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hackney1868.png/600px-Hackney1868.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="447" /></a><figcaption>Hackney in the Metropolitan area from 1868 to 1885.</figcaption></figure> <p>The vestry of the <a href="/wiki/Hackney_(parish)" title="Hackney (parish)">civil parish of Hackney</a> became a local government authority in 1855. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_borough" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary borough">parliamentary borough</a> of <b>Hackney</b> was established in 1868 and its area formed part of the east of the historic county of <a href="/wiki/Middlesex" title="Middlesex">Middlesex</a>. It comprised: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Parishes included</td> <td>Population in 1871</td> <td>Population in 1881</td> <td>Total electorate 7 Dec 1868</td> <td>Total electorate of 20 Nov 1884 </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Parish of St Leonard, Shoreditch<sup id="cite_ref-definition_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-definition-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>not known</td> <td>not known</td> <td rowspan="3">40,613<sup id="cite_ref-craigelectorate_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-craigelectorate-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td rowspan="3">48,076<sup id="cite_ref-craigelectorate_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-craigelectorate-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Parish of St Matthew, Bethnal Green<sup id="cite_ref-definition_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-definition-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>non known</td> <td>not known </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Parish of St John, Hackney<sup id="cite_ref-definition_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-definition-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>115,110<sup id="cite_ref-cen1881_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cen1881-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>163,681<sup id="cite_ref-cen1881_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cen1881-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The area thus formed the northern rump of <a href="/wiki/Shoreditch" title="Shoreditch">Shoreditch</a> and rest of the north of the former parliamentary borough of <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Tower Hamlets</a> (Hackney accounted for the northernmost of the Hamlets in the nineteenth century, see <a href="/wiki/Tower_Division" title="Tower Division">Tower Division</a>). The area was to the east of <a href="/wiki/Islington" title="Islington">Islington</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hornsey" title="Hornsey">Hornsey</a>, south of <a href="/wiki/Tottenham" title="Tottenham">Tottenham</a> in its county and west of <a href="/wiki/Walthamstow" title="Walthamstow">Walthamstow</a> in <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a>. </p><p>In 1885 the two-member constituency was abolished. In 1889 the former area, for administrative purposes, became part of the <a href="/wiki/London_County_Council" title="London County Council">London County Council</a> local authority. In 1900 the main civil vestry was dissolved and the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Hackney" title="Metropolitan Borough of Hackney">Metropolitan Borough of Hackney</a> was created (with the same boundaries as the Parliamentary Borough). Since 1965 it has been part of <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Members_of_Parliament">Members of Parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hackney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Members of Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CharlesReed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7f/CharlesReed.jpg/300px-CharlesReed.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7f/CharlesReed.jpg/450px-CharlesReed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7f/CharlesReed.jpg/600px-CharlesReed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2067" /></a><figcaption>Sir Charles Reed MP</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Fawcett;_Dame_Millicent_Garrett_Fawcett_(n%C3%A9e_Garrett)_by_Ford_Madox_Brown.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Henry_Fawcett%3B_Dame_Millicent_Garrett_Fawcett_%28n%C3%A9e_Garrett%29_by_Ford_Madox_Brown.jpg/300px-Henry_Fawcett%3B_Dame_Millicent_Garrett_Fawcett_%28n%C3%A9e_Garrett%29_by_Ford_Madox_Brown.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="388" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Henry_Fawcett%3B_Dame_Millicent_Garrett_Fawcett_%28n%C3%A9e_Garrett%29_by_Ford_Madox_Brown.jpg/450px-Henry_Fawcett%3B_Dame_Millicent_Garrett_Fawcett_%28n%C3%A9e_Garrett%29_by_Ford_Madox_Brown.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Henry_Fawcett%3B_Dame_Millicent_Garrett_Fawcett_%28n%C3%A9e_Garrett%29_by_Ford_Madox_Brown.jpg/600px-Henry_Fawcett%3B_Dame_Millicent_Garrett_Fawcett_%28n%C3%A9e_Garrett%29_by_Ford_Madox_Brown.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3105" /></a><figcaption>Henry Fawcett and Millicent Garrett Fawcett by <a href="/wiki/Ford_Madox_Brown" title="Ford Madox Brown">Ford Madox Brown</a>, 1872, <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Holms_Vanity_Fair_18_February_1882.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/John_Holms_Vanity_Fair_18_February_1882.jpg/300px-John_Holms_Vanity_Fair_18_February_1882.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="484" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/John_Holms_Vanity_Fair_18_February_1882.jpg/450px-John_Holms_Vanity_Fair_18_February_1882.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/John_Holms_Vanity_Fair_18_February_1882.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="968" /></a><figcaption>"Military changes"<br />Holms as caricatured by Spy (<a href="/wiki/Leslie_Ward" title="Leslie Ward">Leslie Ward</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(British_magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (British magazine)">Vanity Fair</a>, February 1882</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Stuart_Vanity_Fair_1899-10-05.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/James_Stuart_Vanity_Fair_1899-10-05.jpeg/300px-James_Stuart_Vanity_Fair_1899-10-05.jpeg" decoding="async" width="300" height="499" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/James_Stuart_Vanity_Fair_1899-10-05.jpeg/450px-James_Stuart_Vanity_Fair_1899-10-05.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/James_Stuart_Vanity_Fair_1899-10-05.jpeg/600px-James_Stuart_Vanity_Fair_1899-10-05.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="1220" /></a><figcaption>"<a href="/wiki/Hoxton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hoxton (UK Parliament constituency)">Hoxton Division</a>"<br /> Stuart as caricatured by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wright_(artist)" title="Henry Wright (artist)">"Stuff"</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(British_magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (British magazine)">Vanity Fair</a></i>, October 1899</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Election</th> <th>First member <sup id="cite_ref-rayment_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rayment-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>First party </th> <th>Second member <sup id="cite_ref-rayment_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rayment-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Second party </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"></td> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700" rowspan="3"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1868_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1868 United Kingdom general election">1868</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Reed_(British_politician)" title="Charles Reed (British politician)">Sir Charles Reed</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/John_Holms" title="John Holms">John Holms</a></td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1874_Hackney_by-election" title="1874 Hackney by-election">1874 by-election</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fawcett" title="Henry Fawcett">Henry Fawcett</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1884_Hackney_by-election" title="1884 Hackney by-election">1884 by-election</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Stuart_(1843%E2%80%931913)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Stuart (1843–1913)">James Stuart</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1885_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1885 United Kingdom general election">1885</a> </td> <td colspan="4"><i>Constituency abolished. See <a href="/wiki/Hackney_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hackney North (UK Parliament constituency)">Hackney North</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hackney_Central_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hackney Central (UK Parliament constituency)">Hackney Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hackney_South_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hackney South (UK Parliament constituency)">Hackney South</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elections">Elections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hackney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Turnout, in multi-member elections, is estimated by dividing the number of votes by two. To the extent that electors did not use both their votes, the figure given will be an underestimate. </p><p>Change is calculated for individual candidates, when a party had more than one candidate in an election or the previous one. When a party had only one candidate in an election and the previous one change is calculated for the party vote. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections_in_the_1860s">Elections in the 1860s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hackney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Elections in the 1860s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/1868_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1868 United Kingdom general election">General election 1868</a>: Hackney (2 seats)<sup id="cite_ref-craig1832_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-craig1832-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/Charles_Reed_(British_politician)" title="Charles Reed (British politician)">Charles Reed</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>14,785 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>36.0 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b> </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/John_Holms" title="John Holms">John Holms</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>12,243 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>29.8 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b> </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FFD700; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Salisbury_Butler" title="Charles Salisbury Butler">Charles Salisbury Butler</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">6,825 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">16.6 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0087DC; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td class="fn">Charles Locock Webb<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">2,633 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">6.4 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FFD700; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Lothian_Sheffield_Dickson" title="Lothian Sheffield Dickson">Lothian Sheffield Dickson</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">2,575 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">6.3 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FFD700; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td> <td class="fn">John James Homer<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">2,021 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">4.9 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">5,418 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">13.2 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">21,858 (est) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">53.8 (est) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_registration" title="Voter registration">Registered electors</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">40,613 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>win</b> (new seat) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>win</b> (new seat) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections_in_the_1870s">Elections in the 1870s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hackney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Elections in the 1870s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/1874_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1874 United Kingdom general election">General election 1874</a>: Hackney (2 seats)<sup id="cite_ref-craig1832_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-craig1832-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/John_Holms" title="John Holms">John Holms</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>6,968 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>34.5 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+4.7 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/Charles_Reed_(British_politician)" title="Charles Reed (British politician)">Charles Reed</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>6,893 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>34.2 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>−1.8 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0087DC; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Gill_(explorer)" title="William Gill (explorer)">William Gill</a><sup id="cite_ref-gill_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gill-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">6,310 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">31.3 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+24.9 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">583 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">2.9 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−10.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">13,241 (est) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">32.4 (est) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−21.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_registration" title="Voter registration">Registered electors</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">40,870 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;">−3.9 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;">−8.1 </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li><i>Election declared void on petition</i></li></ul> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/1874_Hackney_by-election" title="1874 Hackney by-election">By-election, 25 April 1874</a>: Hackney (2 seats)<sup id="cite_ref-craig1832_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-craig1832-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/John_Holms" title="John Holms">John Holms</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>10,905 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>35.9 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+1.4 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fawcett" title="Henry Fawcett">Henry Fawcett</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>10,476 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>34.5 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+0.3 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0087DC; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Gill_(explorer)" title="William Gill (explorer)">William Gill</a><sup id="cite_ref-gill_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gill-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">8,994 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">29.6 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,482 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">4.9 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+2.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">19,685 (est) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">48.2 (est) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+15.8 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_registration" title="Voter registration">Registered electors</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">40,870 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;">+1.1 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.6 </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections_in_the_1880s">Elections in the 1880s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hackney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Elections in the 1880s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/1880_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1880 United Kingdom general election">General election 1880</a>: Hackney (2 seats)<sup id="cite_ref-craig1832_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-craig1832-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fawcett" title="Henry Fawcett">Henry Fawcett</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>18,366 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>40.2 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+6.0 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/John_Holms" title="John Holms">John Holms</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>16,997 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>37.2 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+2.7 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0087DC; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/George_Trout_Bartley" title="George Trout Bartley">George Trout Bartley</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">10,332 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">22.6 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−8.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">6,675 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">14.6 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+11.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">28,688 (est) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">65.5 (est) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+33.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_registration" title="Voter registration">Registered electors</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">43,773 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;">+5.2 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;">+3.5 </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The appointment of Fawcett as <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Postmaster_General" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a> and Holms as a <a href="/wiki/Lord_Commissioner_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Commissioner of the Treasury">Lord Commissioner of the Treasury</a> caused a by-election for both seats. </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/1880_Hackney_by-election" class="mw-redirect" title="1880 Hackney by-election">By-election, 7 May 1880</a>: Hackney (2 seats)<sup id="cite_ref-craig1832_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-craig1832-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <th style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700; width: 5px;"> </th> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fawcett" title="Henry Fawcett">Henry Fawcett</a></b> </td> <td style="background: ; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na" colspan="3"><i><b>Unopposed</b></i> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <th style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700; width: 5px;"> </th> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/John_Holms" title="John Holms">John Holms</a></b> </td> <td style="background: ; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na" colspan="3"><i><b>Unopposed</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The death of Fawcett caused a by-election. </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/1884_Hackney_by-election" title="1884 Hackney by-election">By-election, 20 Nov 1884</a>: Hackney<sup id="cite_ref-craig1832_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-craig1832-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFD700; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/James_Stuart_(1843%E2%80%931913)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Stuart (1843–1913)">James Stuart</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>14,540 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>63.0 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>−14.4 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0087DC; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td class="fn">Alexander MacAlister<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">8,543 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">37.0 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+14.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">5,997 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">26.0 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+11.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">23,083 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">48.0 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−17.5 (est) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_registration" title="Voter registration">Registered electors</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">48,076 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFD700"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;">−14.4 </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hackney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-definition-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-definition_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-definition_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-definition_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1867/102/pdfs/ukpga_18670102_en.pdf?view=extent">Reform Act 1867, Sch C.</a> Legislation.gov.uk, publisher; UK Government</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-craigelectorate-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-craigelectorate_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-craigelectorate_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">F.W.S. Craig (ed.), British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd, 1977)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cen1881-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cen1881_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cen1881_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">1881 Census of England and Wales, Population tables 2, Table 4 , 'Area, Houses, and Population of Civil Parishes in the several Registration Sub-Districts in 1871 and 1881'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rayment-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rayment_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rayment_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150215181722/http://www.leighrayment.com/commons/Hcommons1.htm">Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "H" (part 1)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-craig1832-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-craig1832_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-craig1832_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-craig1832_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-craig1832_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-craig1832_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-craig1832_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCraig1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/F._W._S._Craig" title="F. W. S. Craig">Craig, F. W. S.</a>, ed. (1977). <i>British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885</i> (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-349-02349-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-349-02349-3"><bdi>978-1-349-02349-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Parliamentary+Election+Results+1832-1885&rft.place=London&rft.pages=11&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Macmillan+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-1-349-02349-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHackney+%28UK+Parliament+constituency%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000183/18681117/003/0002">"The General Election"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/London_Evening_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="London Evening Standard">London Evening Standard</a></i>. 17 November 1868. pp. 2–3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2018</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=London+Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=The+General+Election&rft.pages=2-3&rft.date=1868-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000183%2F18681117%2F003%2F0002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHackney+%28UK+Parliament+constituency%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001427/18680903/033/0003">"Hackney"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Morning_Advertiser" title="Morning Advertiser">Morning Advertiser</a></i>. 3 September 1868. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2018</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Morning+Advertiser&rft.atitle=Hackney&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1868-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0001427%2F18680903%2F033%2F0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHackney+%28UK+Parliament+constituency%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gill-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gill_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gill_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000312/18740428/016/0003">"Hackney Election"</a>. <i>Cheltenham Chronicle</i>. 28 April 1874. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cheltenham+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Hackney+Election&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1874-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000312%2F18740428%2F016%2F0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHackney+%28UK+Parliament+constituency%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000174/18841117/024/0003">"The Hackney Election"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Morning_Post" title="The Morning Post">The Morning Post</a></i>. 17 November 1884. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2017</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=The+Hackney+Election&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1884-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000174%2F18841117%2F024%2F0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHackney+%28UK+Parliament+constituency%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hackney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972</i>, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)</li> <li><i>British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885</i>, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1977)</li> <li><i>Social Geography of British Elections 1885-1910</i>. by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelling" title="Henry Pelling">Henry Pelling</a> (Macmillan 1967)</li> <li><i>Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume I 1832-1885</i>, edited by M. Stenton (The Harvester Press 1976)</li> <li><i>Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume II 1886-1918</i>, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1978)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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constituency)">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hackney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lambeth (UK Parliament constituency)">Lambeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marylebone_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Marylebone (UK Parliament constituency)">Marylebone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwark_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Southwark (UK Parliament constituency)">Southwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Hamlets_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Tower Hamlets (UK Parliament constituency)">Tower Hamlets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Westminster (UK Parliament constituency)">Westminster</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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