CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Rodrigo Duterte - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"509add75-15ab-4897-9e0e-0082b0f22398","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Rodrigo_Duterte","wgTitle":"Rodrigo Duterte","wgCurRevisionId":1277741130,"wgRevisionId":1277741130,"wgArticleId":7407293,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the Phonos extension","Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","CS1 foreign language sources (ISO 639-2)","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages","Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people","Use Philippine English from January 2021","All Wikipedia articles written in Philippine English","Use mdy dates from November 2024","Articles with hAudio microformats", "Pages using Template:Post-nominals with customized linking","Pages with Filipino IPA","Pages including recorded pronunciations","Articles containing Filipino-language text","Articles with excerpts","Articles containing Cebuano-language text","Webarchive template wayback links","Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch","Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata","Rodrigo Duterte","1945 births","Living people","20th-century Filipino lawyers","21st-century Filipino lawyers","20th-century Filipino politicians","21st-century Filipino politicians","Ateneo de Davao University alumni","Candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election","Critics of the Catholic Church","Filipino nationalists","Filipino anti-communists","Filipino politicians of Chinese descent","Former Roman Catholics","Left-wing populists","Lyceum of the Philippines University alumni","Mayors of places in Davao del Sur", "Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Davao City","Partido Demokratiko Pilipino politicians","Politicians from Davao del Sur","People of the Philippine drug war","People self-identified as ex-gay","People with antisocial personality disorder","Presidents of the Philippines","San Beda University alumni","Visayan people","Nacionalista Party politicians","Liberal Party (Philippines) politicians","Mayors of Davao City"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Rodrigo_Duterte","wgRelevantArticleId":7407293,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["autoconfirmed"],"wgRestrictionMove":["sysop"],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en", "pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":400000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q457786","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready", "ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.phonos.init","ext.tmh.player","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming", "ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.17"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1661"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1108"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/640px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="886"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Rodrigo Duterte - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Rodrigo_Duterte rootpage-Rodrigo_Duterte skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages">Special pages</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Rodrigo+Duterte" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Rodrigo+Duterte" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Rodrigo+Duterte" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Rodrigo+Duterte" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Early years </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Early years subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Education_and_early_law_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education_and_early_law_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Education and early law career </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education_and_early_law_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_abuse_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_abuse_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Sexual abuse claims </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_abuse_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shooting_of_student_at_law_school" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shooting_of_student_at_law_school"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Shooting of student at law school </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shooting_of_student_at_law_school-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_career_in_Davao_City" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_career_in_Davao_City"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Political career in Davao City </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_career_in_Davao_City-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Political career in Davao City subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Political_career_in_Davao_City-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Law_and_order" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_order"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Law and order </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law_and_order-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alleged_involvement_with_Davao_Death_Squad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_involvement_with_Davao_Death_Squad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Alleged involvement with Davao Death Squad </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alleged_involvement_with_Davao_Death_Squad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federalism_advocacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federalism_advocacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Federalism advocacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federalism_advocacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016_presidential_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016_presidential_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 2016 presidential campaign </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-2016_presidential_campaign-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 2016 presidential campaign subsection </button> <ul id="toc-2016_presidential_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Constitutional_reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constitutional_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Constitutional reform </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constitutional_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_to_the_presidency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_to_the_presidency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Election to the presidency </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election_to_the_presidency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidency_(2016–2022)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidency_(2016–2022)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Presidency (2016–2022) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Presidency_(2016–2022)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Presidency (2016–2022) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Presidency_(2016–2022)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Early actions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Domestic policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economic_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 Economic policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2 Infrastructure development </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_on_Drugs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_on_Drugs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3 War on Drugs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_on_Drugs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_Criminal_Court" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Criminal_Court"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.4 International Criminal Court </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Criminal_Court-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mindanao_insurgency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mindanao_insurgency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.5 Mindanao insurgency </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mindanao_insurgency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign_against_terrorism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign_against_terrorism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.6 Campaign against terrorism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign_against_terrorism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communist_insurgency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communist_insurgency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.7 Communist insurgency </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communist_insurgency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19_pandemic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_pandemic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.8 COVID-19 pandemic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_pandemic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy_and_climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_and_climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.9 Energy and climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy_and_climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_streamlining" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_streamlining"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.10 Government streamlining </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_streamlining-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.11 Health care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.12 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration_and_cabinet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration_and_cabinet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Administration and cabinet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration_and_cabinet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022_Philippine_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_Philippine_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 2022 Philippine presidential election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_Philippine_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impeachment_efforts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impeachment_efforts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Impeachment efforts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impeachment_efforts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-presidency_(2022–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-presidency_(2022–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Post-presidency (2022–present) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-presidency_(2022–present)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Post-presidency (2022–present) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Post-presidency_(2022–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2023_visit_to_China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023_visit_to_China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 2023 visit to China </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023_visit_to_China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Feud_with_the_House_and_Marcos-Duterte_rift" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feud_with_the_House_and_Marcos-Duterte_rift"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Feud with the House and Marcos-Duterte rift </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feud_with_the_House_and_Marcos-Duterte_rift-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SMNI_suspension_and_ICC_investigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SMNI_suspension_and_ICC_investigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 SMNI suspension and ICC investigation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SMNI_suspension_and_ICC_investigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quiboloy's_arrest_order_and_Duterte_as_KOJC_administrator" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quiboloy's_arrest_order_and_Duterte_as_KOJC_administrator"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Quiboloy's arrest order and Duterte as KOJC administrator </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quiboloy's_arrest_order_and_Duterte_as_KOJC_administrator-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Hakbang_ng_Maisug"_rallies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Hakbang_ng_Maisug"_rallies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 "Hakbang ng Maisug" rallies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Hakbang_ng_Maisug"_rallies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2025_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2025_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 2025 elections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2025_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-House_and_Senate_probe_into_the_War_on_Drugs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#House_and_Senate_probe_into_the_War_on_Drugs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 House and Senate probe into the War on Drugs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-House_and_Senate_probe_into_the_War_on_Drugs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impeachment_of_Sara_Duterte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impeachment_of_Sara_Duterte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.8 Impeachment of Sara Duterte </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impeachment_of_Sara_Duterte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Public image </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Public image subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Controversial_remarks_and_human_rights_concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversial_remarks_and_human_rights_concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Controversial remarks and human rights concerns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversial_remarks_and_human_rights_concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supporters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supporters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Supporters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supporters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Approval_ratings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Approval_ratings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Approval ratings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Approval_ratings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Political views </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Personal life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Personal life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Family </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Health </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honors_and_awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors_and_awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Honors and awards </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Honors_and_awards-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Honors and awards subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Honors_and_awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 National honors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Foreign honors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Rodrigo Duterte</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 93 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" > 93 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="رودريغو دوتيرتي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رودريغو دوتيرتي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodriqo_Duterte" title="Rodriqo Duterte – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rodriqo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Радрыга Дутэртэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Радрыга Дутэртэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Радрыга Дутэртэ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Радрыга Дутэртэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Родриго Дутерте – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Родриго Дутерте" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BF_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B5" title="Ροντρίγκο Ντουτέρτε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ροντρίγκο Ντουτέρτε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%87" title="رودریگو دوترته – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رودریگو دوترته" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8D%83_%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9" title="𐌷𐍂𐍉𐌸𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃 𐌳𐍅𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐌰𐌹 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌷𐍂𐍉𐌸𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃 𐌳𐍅𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐌰𐌹" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%EA%B3%A0_%EB%91%90%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%ED%85%8C" title="로드리고 두테르테 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로드리고 두테르테" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A3%D5%B8_%D4%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A5" title="Ռոդրիգո Դուտերտե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոդրիգո Դուտերտե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87" title="रोड्रिगो दुतेर्ते – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोड्रिगो दुतेर्ते" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%92%D7%95_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%94" title="רודריגו דוטרטה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רודריגו דוטרטה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94" title="როდრიგო დუტერტე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="როდრიგო დუტერტე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodericus_Duterte" title="Rodericus Duterte – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rodericus Duterte" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="റോഡ്രിഗോ ഡുറ്റെർട് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോഡ്രിഗോ ഡുറ്റെർട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%89" title="رودريجو دوتيرتى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رودريجو دوتيرتى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%87" title="رودریگو دوتره – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رودریگو دوتره" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Родриго Дутерте – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Родриго Дутерте" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%82%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF_%E1%80%92%E1%80%B0%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8" title="ရော်ဒရီဂို ဒူတာတေး – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရော်ဒရီဂို ဒူတာတေး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87" title="रोड्रिगो दुतेर्ते – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रोड्रिगो दुतेर्ते" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B4%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%86%E3%83%AB%E3%83%86" title="ロドリゴ・ドゥテルテ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロドリゴ・ドゥテルテ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%AB%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%87" title="رودریګو دوترته – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="رودریګو دوترته" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%84_%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%BA%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%81" title="រ៉ូទ្រីហ្គោ ឌូដឺតេ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រ៉ូទ្រីហ្គោ ឌូដឺតេ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Дутерте, Родриго – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дутерте, Родриго" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Родриго Дутерте – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Родриго Дутерте" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87" title="ரொட்ரிகோ துதெர்த்தே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ரொட்ரிகோ துதெர்த்தே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81_%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95" title="โรดรีโก ดูแตร์เต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โรดรีโก ดูแตร์เต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Рудригу Дутерте – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Рудригу Дутерте" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Родріго Дутерте – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Родріго Дутерте" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%92" title="رودریگو دوترتے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رودریگو دوترتے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%88%88%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9" title="罗德里戈·杜特尔特 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗德里戈·杜特尔特" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Rodrigo Duterte" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E7%89%B9%E5%9C%B0" title="杜特地 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="杜特地" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%88%88%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9" title="罗德里戈·杜特尔特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗德里戈·杜特尔特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q457786#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Rodrigo_Duterte" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte">Read</a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e">View source</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&action=edit">View source</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Rodrigo_Duterte" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&oldid=1277741130" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Rodrigo_Duterte&id=1277741130&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRodrigo_Duterte">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRodrigo_Duterte">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Rodrigo_Duterte&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rodrigo_Duterte" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" hreflang="en">Wikiquote</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte" hreflang="en">Wikisource</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q457786" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected to promote compliance with the policy on biographies of living persons"><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">President of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"DU30" and "Duterte" redirect here. For his presidential campaign stylized as "DU30", see <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rodrigo Duterte 2016 presidential campaign">Rodrigo Duterte 2016 presidential campaign</a>. For others with the surname, see <a href="/wiki/Duterte_(surname)" title="Duterte (surname)">Duterte (surname)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Filipino_name" title="Filipino name">Philippine name</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Middle_name" title="Middle name">middle name</a> or maternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is Roa and the surname or paternal family name is Duterte.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Rodrigo Duterte</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="749" data-file-height="1037" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2016</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">16th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office June 30, 2016 – June 30, 2022</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Vice President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Leni_Robredo" title="Leni Robredo">Leni Robredo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">19th <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">Mayor of Davao City</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office June 30, 2013 – June 30, 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Vice Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Duterte" title="Paolo Duterte">Paolo Duterte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Sara Duterte</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office June 30, 2001 – June 30, 2010</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Vice Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Luis Bonguyan (2001–07) Sara Duterte (2007–10)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Benjamin de Guzman</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Sara Duterte</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office February 2, 1988 – March 19, 1998</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Vice Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Dominador Zuño Jr. (1988–92) Luis Bonguyan (1992–95) Benjamin de Guzman (1995–98)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Jacinto Rubillar (<a href="/wiki/Officer_in_Charge_(Philippines)" title="Officer in Charge (Philippines)">OIC</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Benjamin de Guzman (acting)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Mayor_of_Davao_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Mayor of Davao City">Vice Mayor of Davao City</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2013</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Sara Duterte</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Sara Duterte</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Paolo Duterte</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office May 2, 1986 – November 27, 1987 <a href="/wiki/Officer_in_Charge_(Philippines)" title="Officer in Charge (Philippines)">Officer in Charge</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zafiro_Respicio" title="Zafiro Respicio">Zafiro Respicio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Cornelio Maskariño (OIC)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Gilbert Abellera (OIC)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 1st congressional district">1st</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office June 30, 1998 – June 30, 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Prospero_Nograles" title="Prospero Nograles">Prospero Nograles</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Prospero Nograles</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">Partido Demokratiko Pilipino</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office February 7, 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Koko_Pimentel" title="Koko Pimentel">Koko Pimentel</a> <a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Manny Pacquiao</a> <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cusi" title="Alfonso Cusi">Alfonso Cusi</a> <a href="/wiki/Jose_Alvarez_(Filipino_politician)" title="Jose Alvarez (Filipino politician)">Jose Alvarez</a> <a href="/wiki/Robin_Padilla" title="Robin Padilla">Robin Padilla</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ismael_Sueno" title="Ismael Sueno">Ismael Sueno</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 2009 – February 21, 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Peter Laviña</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Rodrigo Roa Duterte</div> (1945-03-28) March 28, 1945 (age 79) <a href="/wiki/Maasin" title="Maasin">Maasin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leyte_(province)" title="Leyte (province)">Leyte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Philippine Commonwealth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">Partido Demokratiko Pilipino</a> (1998–2009; 2015–present)<a href="#cite_note-3">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDP_to_LP-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Return_to_PDP-2">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hugpong_sa_Tawong_Lungsod" title="Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod">Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod</a> (local party; 2011–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal</a> (2009–15)<a href="#cite_note-PDP_to_LP-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Return_to_PDP-2">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista</a> (1990–98)<a href="#cite_note-MSBigornia-4">[3]</a> Lakas ng Dabaw (1988)<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Zimmerman" title="Elizabeth Zimmerman">Elizabeth Zimmerman</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1973; <abbr title="annulled">ann.</abbr> 2000)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Domestic partner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Honeylet_Avance%C3%B1a" title="Honeylet Avanceña">Honeylet Avanceña</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1996–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Duterte_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Duterte family">Duterte family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Duterte" title="Paolo Duterte">Paolo</a> <a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara</a> <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Duterte" title="Sebastian Duterte">Sebastian</a> Veronica </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Duterte" title="Vicente Duterte">Vicente Duterte</a> <a href="/wiki/Soledad_Duterte" title="Soledad Duterte">Soledad Roa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cor_Jesu_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Cor Jesu College">Holy Cross College of Digos</a> (secondary)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lyceum_of_the_Philippines_University" title="Lyceum of the Philippines University">Lyceum of the Philippines University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>) <a href="/wiki/San_Beda_College_of_Law" title="San Beda College of Law">San Beda College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LL.B</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rodrigo Duterte's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Rodrigo_Duterte_signature.svg/128px-Rodrigo_Duterte_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Rodrigo_Duterte_signature.svg/192px-Rodrigo_Duterte_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Rodrigo_Duterte_signature.svg/256px-Rodrigo_Duterte_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="110" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:75th_Session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_(Speech)_9_22_2020-5esB6C3sgdg-00.14.41.617-00.15.47.198.ogg" title="File:75th Session of the United Nations General Assembly (Speech) 9 22 2020-5esB6C3sgdg-00.14.41.617-00.15.47.198.ogg">Rodrigo Duterte's voice</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="64" data-mwtitle="75th_Session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_(Speech)_9_22_2020-5esB6C3sgdg-00.14.41.617-00.15.47.198.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/75th_Session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28Speech%29_9_22_2020-5esB6C3sgdg-00.14.41.617-00.15.47.198.ogg/75th_Session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28Speech%29_9_22_2020-5esB6C3sgdg-00.14.41.617-00.15.47.198.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/75th_Session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28Speech%29_9_22_2020-5esB6C3sgdg-00.14.41.617-00.15.47.198.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3A75th_Session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly_%28Speech%29_9_22_2020-5esB6C3sgdg-00.14.41.617-00.15.47.198.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Rodrigo Duterte affirms the <a href="/wiki/Philippines_v._China" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippines v. China">Philippines v. China</a> arbitral ruling before the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a>. Recorded September 22, 2020</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1157919884">.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person{border:4px double #d69d36}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-title{font-size:110%;padding:0;line-height:150%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title-image{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:5px}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title>div{font-size:88%;line-height:normal}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-content{padding:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-navbar{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: #f6d251"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color:#2a458c;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_(cropped_portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/75px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/113px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/150px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="823" /></a></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color:#2a458c;color: #FFF;"><div>This article is part of a series about</div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rodrigo Duterte</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">16th President of the Philippines</a></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Tenure</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Rodrigo_Duterte_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Rodrigo Duterte presidential campaign">2016 presidential campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Philippine_general_election" title="2016 Philippine general election">election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidential transition of Rodrigo Duterte">transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Inauguration of Rodrigo Duterte">inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_presidency" title="First 100 days of Rodrigo Duterte's presidency">first 100 days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_administration_members_in_the_presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of administration members in the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">administration and cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_major_acts_and_legislation_during_the_presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of major acts and legislation during the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">major acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_orders_by_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of executive orders by Rodrigo Duterte">executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of international presidential trips made by Rodrigo Duterte">international trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_the_Rodrigo_Duterte_presidency" title="Opinion polling on the Rodrigo Duterte presidency">polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Protests against Rodrigo Duterte">protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_protests_against_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Timeline of protests against Rodrigo Duterte">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Efforts to impeach Rodrigo Duterte">impeachment efforts</a></li> <li>speeches <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_August_7,_2016,_speech" title="Rodrigo Duterte's August 7, 2016, speech">August 7, 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">State of the Nation Address</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2016 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2017 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2018 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2019 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2020 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2021 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2021</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines_v._China" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippines v. China">Philippines v. China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_parties_to_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court#Withdrawal" class="mw-redirect" title="States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">Philippine ICC withdrawal</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte">Policies</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines#K–12_(2012–present)" title="Education in the Philippines">K–12 implementation process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">War on Drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_and_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Federalism and Rodrigo Duterte">proposed shift to federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_identity_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine identity card">National Identity System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Order_(Philippines)" title="Freedom of Information Order (Philippines)">Freedom of Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFP_Modernization_Act" title="AFP Modernization Act">Military modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict" title="National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict">Anti-insurgency program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020" title="Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020">Anti-Terrorism Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuterteNomics" class="mw-redirect" title="DuterteNomics">DuterteNomics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Build!_Build!_Build!" title="Build! Build! Build!">Build! Build! Build!</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Reform_for_Acceleration_and_Inclusion_Law" title="Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law">TRAIN Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Access_to_Quality_Tertiary_Education_Act" title="Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act">Free tertiary education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sports_(Philippines)" title="National Academy of Sports (Philippines)">National Academy of Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_smoking_ban_order_(Philippines)" title="Nationwide smoking ban order (Philippines)">Smoking ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malasakit_Center" title="Malasakit Center">Malasakit Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Utility_Vehicle_Modernization_Program" title="Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program">PUV modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9-1-1_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="9-1-1 (Philippines)">9-1-1</a> and <a href="/wiki/8888_(Philippines)" title="8888 (Philippines)">8888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balik_Probinsya" title="Balik Probinsya">Balik Probinsya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantawid_Pamilyang_Pilipino_Program" title="Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program">4Ps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_Bangon_Marawi" title="Task Force Bangon Marawi">Marawi rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Human_Settlements_and_Urban_Development" title="Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development">Housing department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Migrant_Workers" title="Department of Migrant Workers">Migrant workers department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Space_Agency" title="Philippine Space Agency">Philippine Space Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Anti-Corruption_Commission" title="Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission">Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">Government response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Agency_Task_Force_for_the_Management_of_Emerging_Infectious_Diseases" title="Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases">Taskforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defeat_COVID-19_Ad_Hoc_Committee" title="Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee">Ad Hoc Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayanihan_to_Heal_as_One_Act" title="Bayanihan to Heal as One Act">Bayanihan 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayanihan_to_Recover_as_One_Act" title="Bayanihan to Recover as One Act">Bayanihan 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines">quarantines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines">vaccination programme</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">Early political career</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li>Member of the House of Representatives from <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 1st congressional district">1st district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">Mayor of Davao City</a></li> <li>Vice mayor of Davao City</li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">Personal and public image</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Family">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_National_Guard" title="Citizen National Guard">Citizen National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_For_Change_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coalition For Change (Philippines)">Coalition For Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diehard_Duterte_Supporters" title="Diehard Duterte Supporters">Diehard Duterte Supporters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duterte_fist" title="Duterte fist">Duterte fist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duterte_Youth" title="Duterte Youth">Duterte Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula_sa_Masa,_Para_sa_Masa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mula sa Masa, Para sa Masa">Mula sa Masa, Para sa Masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katipunan_ng_Demokratikong_Pilipino" title="Katipunan ng Demokratikong Pilipino">Katipunan ng Demokratikong Pilipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">Partido Federal ng Pilipinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDP-Laban" class="mw-redirect" title="PDP-Laban">PDP-Laban</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rodrigo_Duterte_sidebar" title="Template:Rodrigo Duterte sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rodrigo_Duterte_sidebar" title="Template talk:Rodrigo Duterte sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rodrigo_Duterte_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rodrigo Duterte sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Rodrigo Roa Duterte <a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Rizal" title="Knights of Rizal">KGCR</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>English: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/dəˈtɜːrteɪ/</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991">Filipino: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tagalog" title="Help:IPA/Tagalog">[ɾodˈɾiː.ɣo ˈɾoː.ɐ dʊˈtɛːɾ.tɛ]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/8c\/Tl-Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte.oga\/Tl-Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte.oga.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Tl-Rodrigo Roa Duterte.oga"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/Tl-Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte.oga/Tl-Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte.oga.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Tl-Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte.oga" title="File:Tl-Rodrigo Roa Duterte.oga">ⓘ</a>; born March 28, 1945), also known as Digong, Rody,<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a> and by the initials DU30 and PRRD,<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> is a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the 16th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">president of the Philippines</a> from 2016 to 2022. He is the chairperson of <a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">Partido Demokratiko Pilipino</a> (formerly PDP–Laban), the ruling political party in the Philippines during his presidency. Duterte is <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Philippines_by_province" title="List of presidents of the Philippines by province">the first president of the Philippines</a> to be from <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>,<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> and is the oldest person to assume office, beginning his term at age 71.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> Born in <a href="/wiki/Maasin" title="Maasin">Maasin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leyte_(province)" title="Leyte (province)">Leyte</a> (now in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Leyte" title="Southern Leyte">Southern Leyte</a>), Duterte moved to <a href="/wiki/Davao_(province)" title="Davao (province)">Davao</a> as a child where his father, <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Duterte" title="Vicente Duterte">Vicente Duterte</a>, served as provincial governor. He studied <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Lyceum_of_the_Philippines_University" title="Lyceum of the Philippines University">Lyceum of the Philippines University</a>, graduating in 1968, before obtaining a law degree from <a href="/wiki/San_Beda_College_of_Law" title="San Beda College of Law">San Beda College of Law</a> in 1972. He then worked as a lawyer and was a prosecutor for <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>, before becoming <a href="/wiki/Vice_Mayor_of_Davao_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Mayor of Davao City">vice mayor</a> and, subsequently, <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">mayor of the city</a> in the wake of the 1986 <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a>. Duterte won seven terms and served as mayor of Davao for over 22 years, during which the once crime-ridden city became peaceful and investor-friendly.<a href="#cite_note-Anadolu-Ramos-2016-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dacumos-Lagorza-2017-13">[12]</a> Duterte's <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rodrigo Duterte 2016 presidential campaign">2016 presidential campaign</a> led to his <a href="/wiki/2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2016 Philippine presidential election">election victory</a>. During <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">his presidency</a>, his domestic policy focused on combating the <a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade_in_the_Philippines" title="Illegal drug trade in the Philippines">illegal drug trade</a> by initiating the controversial <a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">war on drugs</a>, fighting crime and <a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_Philippines" title="Corruption in the Philippines">corruption</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ArabNews-DuterteEyes-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-PACC-15">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-OfferedToResign-16">[15]</a> and intensified efforts against <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_Philippines" title="Terrorism in the Philippines">terrorism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Communist_armed_conflicts_in_the_Philippines" title="Communist armed conflicts in the Philippines">communist insurgency</a>. He launched a <a href="/wiki/DuterteNomics#Build!_Build!_Build!_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="DuterteNomics">massive infrastructure plan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-GulfNews-85BillionInfra-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-InfrastructureCOVID-18">[17]</a> initiated liberal economic reforms,<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> streamlined government processes,<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> and proposed a shift to a <a href="/wiki/Federalism_and_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Federalism and Rodrigo Duterte">federal system of government</a> which was ultimately unsuccessful.<a href="#cite_note-GMANews-FederalismCongress-21">[20]</a> He also oversaw the controversial <a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Burial of Ferdinand Marcos">burial of Ferdinand Marcos</a>,<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Marawi">2017 Battle of Marawi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government's response</a> to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> He declared the intention to pursue an "independent foreign policy", and strengthened <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="China–Philippines relations">relations with China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Philippines–Russia relations">Russia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-independent_foreign_policy2-26">[25]</a> He initially announced his candidacy for <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Vice President of the Philippines">vice president</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2022 Philippine presidential election">2022 election</a>; in October 2021, he said he was retiring from politics. The next month, he filed his candidacy for senator but withdrew it on December 14.<a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-SenateWidthdraw-27">[26]</a> Duterte's <a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte">political positions</a> have been described as <a href="/wiki/Populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Populist">populist</a>,<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Filipino_nationalism" title="Filipino nationalism">nationalist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> His political success has been aided by his vocal support for the <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killings_and_forced_disappearances_in_the_Philippines" title="Extrajudicial killings and forced disappearances in the Philippines">extrajudicial killing</a> of drug users and other criminals.<a href="#cite_note-ds-34">[33]</a> His career has sparked <a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Protests against Rodrigo Duterte">numerous protests</a> and attracted controversy, particularly over <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Philippines" title="Human rights in the Philippines">human rights issues</a> and his controversial comments. Duterte has repeatedly confirmed to have personally killed criminal suspects during his term as mayor of Davao.<a href="#cite_note-1988kidnap2-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-cannotlie2-36">[35]</a> Extrajudicial killings that were allegedly committed by the <a href="/wiki/Davao_Death_Squad" title="Davao Death Squad">Davao Death Squad</a> between 1998 and 2016 during Duterte's mayoralty have also been scrutinized by human-rights groups and the <a href="/wiki/Ombudsman_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Ombudsman of the Philippines">Office of the Ombudsman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-f-38">[37]</a> The victims were mainly alleged drug users, alleged petty criminals, and <a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_the_Philippines" title="Street children in the Philippines">street children</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-DeathSquads-40">[39]</a> The <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> opened a preliminary investigation into Duterte's drug war in 2018,<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> prompting Duterte to withdraw the Philippines from the body in response.<a href="#cite_note-Yap-2020-42">[41]</a> He is the only president in the history of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> not to <a href="/wiki/Statement_of_Assets,_Liabilities_and_Net_Worth" class="mw-redirect" title="Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth">declare his assets and liabilities</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> Duterte's popularity and domestic approval rating remained relatively high throughout his presidency and by the end of his term, he was the most popular post-People Power Revolution president.<a href="#cite_note-ABCNews-WeedonAlan-44">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-Philippine_News_Agency-45">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cruz-2022-46">[45]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years">Early years</h2></div> Rodrigo Roa Duterte was born on March 28, 1945, in <a href="/wiki/Maasin" title="Maasin">Maasin</a>, Southern Leyte.<a href="#cite_note-returnshome-47">[46]</a> His father was <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Duterte" title="Vicente Duterte">Vicente Gonzales Duterte</a> (1911–1968), a <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_people" title="Cebuano people">Cebuano</a> lawyer, and his mother, <a href="/wiki/Soledad_Roa-Duterte" class="mw-redirect" title="Soledad Roa-Duterte">Soledad Gonzales Roa</a> (1916–2012), was a schoolteacher from <a href="/wiki/Cabadbaran" title="Cabadbaran">Cabadbaran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Norte" title="Agusan del Norte">Agusan</a> and a civic leader, of <a href="/wiki/Maranao_people" title="Maranao people">Maranao</a> and Spanish mestizo descent.<a href="#cite_note-Halili,_M.C._2010-48">[47]</a> Duterte has said that his grandfather was Chinese and hailed from <a href="/wiki/Xiamen" title="Xiamen">Xiamen</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a>, China.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> Duterte has four siblings: Eleanor, Jocelyn, Emmanuel and Benjamin.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> Duterte's father was mayor of <a href="/wiki/Danao,_Cebu" title="Danao, Cebu">Danao, Cebu</a>, and subsequently the provincial governor of (the then-undivided) <a href="/wiki/Davao_(province)" title="Davao (province)">Davao province</a>. Rodrigo's cousin <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Duterte" title="Ronald Duterte">Ronald</a> was mayor of <a href="/wiki/Cebu_City" title="Cebu City">Cebu City</a> from 1983 to 1986. Ronald's father, Ramon Duterte, also held that position from 1957 to 1959. The Dutertes consider the Cebu-based <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_families_in_the_Philippines" title="List of political families in the Philippines">political families</a> of the Durano and the Almendras clan as relatives.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> Duterte also has relatives from the Roa clan in Leyte through his mother's side.<a href="#cite_note-DuterteZamboTimes-53">[52]</a> Duterte's family lived in Maasin, and in his father's hometown in Danao, until he was four years old.<a href="#cite_note-PresidentGovPH-54">[53]</a> Duterte was heavily influenced by his mother, who unlike Vicente was a staunch anti-Marcos activist, which led the young Duterte to have a divided opinion on the Marcoses. Duterte later said Marcos could have been the best president, but unfortunately he was a dictator.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> The Dutertes initially moved to <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a> in 1948 but still went back and forth to the Visayas until 1949.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> They finally settled in the <a href="/wiki/Davao_Region" title="Davao Region">Davao Region</a> in 1950. Vicente worked as a lawyer engaged in private practice. Soledad worked as a teacher until 1952, when Vicente entered politics.<a href="#cite_note-RAFIOrgPH-SoledadRoa-57">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education_and_early_law_career">Education and early law career</h3></div> Duterte went to Laboon Elementary School in Maasin for a year.<a href="#cite_note-DuterteZamboTimes-53">[52]</a> He spent his remaining elementary days at Santa Ana Elementary School in <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>, where he completed his primary education in 1956. He finished his secondary education in the High School Department of Holy Cross College of Digos (now <a href="/wiki/Cor_Jesu_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Cor Jesu College">Cor Jesu College</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Digos" title="Digos">Digos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Davao_(province)" title="Davao (province)">Davao province</a>, after being expelled twice from previous schools, including one in the <a href="/wiki/Ateneo_de_Davao_University#Senior_High_School" title="Ateneo de Davao University">Ateneo de Davao University (AdDU) High School</a> due to misconduct.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> He graduated in 1968 with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> degree in <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Lyceum_of_the_Philippines_University" title="Lyceum of the Philippines University">Lyceum of the Philippines</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-LPUDavao-Duterte-60">[59]</a> Duterte obtained a law degree from <a href="/wiki/San_Beda_College_of_Law" title="San Beda College of Law">San Beda College of Law</a> in 1972,<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> passing the bar exam in the same year.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> He worked as a professor in the national police academy, and was a member of an organization called Nationalist Alliance for Justice, Freedom and Democracy. He later served as the OIC vice mayor of Davao City, assisting evacuees from Davao City remote areas and working for the release of soldiers captured by the <a href="/wiki/New_Peoples_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="New Peoples Army">New Peoples Army</a> (NPA).<a href="#cite_note-Gonzales-2005-63">[62]</a> Eventually, he became a special counsel at the City Prosecution Office in Davao City from 1977 to 1979, fourth assistant city prosecutor from 1979 to 1981, third assistant city prosecutor from 1981 to 1983, and second assistant city prosecutor from 1983 to 1986.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-RedAndWhiteBall-65">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_abuse_claims">Sexual abuse claims</h3></div> Duterte has claimed he was <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases">sexually abused by a priest</a> when he was a minor.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-SexuallyAbused-66">[65]</a> After he was challenged by the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippines" title="Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines">Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines</a> (CBCP) and AdDU officials to name the priest and file a case against him, Duterte then revealed the priest's name as Mark Falvey (d. 1975).<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-SexuallyAbused-66">[65]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Jesuits of the Society of Jesus in the Philippines</a> confirmed that according to press reports in the United States, in May 2007, the Society of Jesus agreed to a tentative payout of <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>16 million to settle claims that Falvey sexually abused at least nine children in Los Angeles from 1959 to 1975. Accusations against Falvey began in 2002 but he was never charged with a crime. In May 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Sacramento" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Sacramento">Diocese of Sacramento</a> paid a $100,000-settlement to a person allegedly raped and molested by Mark's brother, Arthur Falvey. However, it was not clearly indicated in the report if Mark Falvey was assigned at the Jesuit-run Ateneo de Davao.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> When asked why he did not complain when the abuse supposedly happened, Duterte claimed that he was too young to complain about the priest's abuse and was intimidated by authorities at that time. He also stated that he never disclosed that information after he was expelled and moved to a different high school and especially not to his family.<a href="#cite_note-GMA-TooYoung-68">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shooting_of_student_at_law_school">Shooting of student at law school</h3></div> Duterte stated at a rally in April 2016 that he shot a fellow student who had bullied him about his Visayan origin as well as other students of the same ethnicity, while at San Beda law college. He said, "But the truth is, I'm used to shooting people. When we were about to graduate from San Beda, I shot a person." Duterte said that he shot the student in a corridor at the college when the said student called him names again. He later told a reporter that the student survived, but refused to answer any further questions about the incident.<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> However, in an interview aired on <a href="/wiki/One_Mindanao" title="One Mindanao">24 Oras</a> and published on the official GMA News Online website on April 22, 2016, retired labor arbiter Arthur Amansec said Duterte and Octavio Goco at that time were both playing with a gun as it was normal for students to bring guns to school in the seventies. Amansec is Duterte's former classmate in San Beda College who witnessed the incident. He added that "the bullet hit the school's wooden floor and was embedded there." Amansec emphasized that Duterte and Goco remained friends until Goco died in the United States years later.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career_in_Davao_City">Political career in Davao City</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1989_Davao_hostage_crisis" title="1989 Davao hostage crisis">1989 Davao hostage crisis</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_Benigno_Aquino_III_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Rodrigo_Duterte_Benigno_Aquino_III_03.jpg/220px-Rodrigo_Duterte_Benigno_Aquino_III_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Rodrigo_Duterte_Benigno_Aquino_III_03.jpg/330px-Rodrigo_Duterte_Benigno_Aquino_III_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Rodrigo_Duterte_Benigno_Aquino_III_03.jpg/440px-Rodrigo_Duterte_Benigno_Aquino_III_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1546" /></a><figcaption>Mayor Duterte (left) with President <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a> during a meeting with local government unit leaders in Davao City in 2013</figcaption></figure> After the 1986 <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a> that toppled the regime of President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a>, Duterte was appointed officer-in-charge vice mayor of Davao City by President <a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/1988_Davao_City_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 Davao City elections">1988 local elections</a>, he ran for <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">mayor</a> under the banner of Lakas ng Dabaw, defeating former OIC Mayor <a href="/wiki/Zafiro_Respicio" title="Zafiro Respicio">Zafiro Respicio</a> by a margin of 6,000 votes.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> As mayor of Davao City, Duterte made efforts to unite the different tribes and political groups in the city. He set a precedent by designating deputy mayors to represent the administrative districts, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Lumad_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Lumad peoples">Lumad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro</a> peoples in the city government; this was later copied by other cities in other parts of the Philippines.<a href="#cite_note-Gonzales-2005-63">[62]</a> In December 1990, Duterte joined the <a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista Party</a> upon the persuasion of Senator <a href="/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrile" title="Juan Ponce Enrile">Juan Ponce Enrile</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MSBigornia-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> In 1992, he successfully defended his seat from <a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 1st congressional district">1st district</a> representative <a href="/wiki/Prospero_Nograles" title="Prospero Nograles">Prospero Nograles</a>. In 1995, after <a href="/wiki/Flor_Contemplacion" title="Flor Contemplacion">Flor Contemplacion</a>, a Filipina, was executed in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> after confessing to a double murder, Duterte allegedly burned a <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Singapore" title="Flag of Singapore">flag of Singapore</a> (though this claim was later denied) and joined 1,000 employees of Davao City in protest.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> In 1998, because he was term-limited to run again for mayor, Duterte ran and won as congressman of the city's <a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 1st congressional district">1st district</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Laban_ng_Makabayang_Masang_Pilipino" title="Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino">Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino</a> (LAMMP). He was a member of five House committees, namely: <a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_National_Defense_and_Security" title="Philippine House Committee on National Defense and Security">National Defense</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Public_Order_and_Safety" title="Philippine House Committee on Public Order and Safety">Public Order and Security</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Health" title="Philippine House Committee on Health">Health</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Transportation" title="Philippine House Committee on Transportation">Transportation and Communications</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Cooperatives_Development" title="Philippine House Committee on Cooperatives Development">Cooperative Development</a>. He filed 64 measures, including 45 bills, with one enacted into law—Republic Act No. 8969, which declared the third Friday of August a special holiday in Davao City. He expressed disinterest with his new post, describing it as less engaging compared to his time as mayor. He attempted to resign in 1999 after his son <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Duterte" title="Paolo Duterte">Paolo</a> was accused of mauling a hotel guard, but both House Speaker <a href="/wiki/Manny_Villar" title="Manny Villar">Manny Villar</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Estrada" title="Joseph Estrada">Joseph Estrada</a> declined his resignation.<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> In 2001, he ran again for mayor of Davao against his former ally, Mayor Benjamin de Guzman, as well as his estranged sister Jocelyn.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> He won against de Guzman and Jocelyn and was elected for a fourth term. He was re-elected in 2004, defeating de Guzman for the second time,<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> and in <a href="/wiki/2007_Davao_City_local_elections" title="2007 Davao City local elections">2007</a> with virtually no opposition.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VICE_MAYOR_RODRIGO_R._DUTERTE_Inauguration_Speech_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/VICE_MAYOR_RODRIGO_R._DUTERTE_Inauguration_Speech_2010.jpg/220px-VICE_MAYOR_RODRIGO_R._DUTERTE_Inauguration_Speech_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/VICE_MAYOR_RODRIGO_R._DUTERTE_Inauguration_Speech_2010.jpg/330px-VICE_MAYOR_RODRIGO_R._DUTERTE_Inauguration_Speech_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/VICE_MAYOR_RODRIGO_R._DUTERTE_Inauguration_Speech_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="236" /></a><figcaption>Newly elected Davao City Vice Mayor Duterte reading his inaugural speech in June 2010</figcaption></figure> In 2010, he was elected vice mayor, succeeding his daughter <a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara</a>, who was elected as mayor.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> In 2013, Davao City sent rescue and medical teams to <a href="/wiki/Tacloban" title="Tacloban">Tacloban</a> to give aid to the victims of <a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Haiyan" title="Typhoon Haiyan">Typhoon Haiyan</a> (locally known in the country as Typhoon Yolanda). Financial assistance was also given to <a href="/wiki/Bohol" title="Bohol">Bohol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cebu" title="Cebu">Cebu</a> for <a href="/wiki/2013_Bohol_earthquake" title="2013 Bohol earthquake">earthquake victims</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SunStar-2013QuakeAid-81">[80]</a> Duterte also passed Davao City's Women Development Code, which aims "to uphold the rights of women and the belief in their worth and dignity as human beings".<a href="#cite_note-DavaoCityGovPH-GADAwards-82">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> Duterte banned swimsuit competitions in beauty pageants in Davao City.<a href="#cite_note-GMANews-SwimsuitBan-84">[83]</a> He gained prominence for supporting the first-ever <a href="/wiki/Gawad_Kalinga" title="Gawad Kalinga">Gawad Kalinga</a> Village inside a jail facility in Davao City. It is a home-type jail with ten cottages built inside the compound, which now serve as homes for female inmates.<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-GawadKalinga-85">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law_and_order">Law and order</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_(2009).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Rodrigo_Duterte_%282009%29.jpg/170px-Rodrigo_Duterte_%282009%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Rodrigo_Duterte_%282009%29.jpg/255px-Rodrigo_Duterte_%282009%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Rodrigo_Duterte_%282009%29.jpg/340px-Rodrigo_Duterte_%282009%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Duterte speaks with Davao City residents in 2009.</figcaption></figure> During Duterte's tenure as mayor, <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a> experienced economic boom and a significant decrease in crime from being a conflict-ridden area between communists and right-wing groups during the 1970s and 1980s, and is constantly rated as among the safest in the country.<a href="#cite_note-Heydarian-2017-86">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dacumos-Lagorza-2017-13">[12]</a> The city also ranks high in the world according to crowdsourced survey site <a href="/wiki/Numbeo" title="Numbeo">Numbeo</a>,<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> a narrative that gained currency in the national media, creating a widespread public perception that has been a significant factor in establishing support for his <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Drug War">nationwide drug policy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> The city was also awarded "Most Child-Friendly City for Highly-Urbanized Category" in 1998, 1999, 2013 and 2014.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> Under Duterte's watch, the city council imposed a prohibition on selling, serving, drinking, and consuming alcoholic beverages from 01:00 until 08:00 each morning. Duterte signed Executive Order No. 39, reducing the speed limits for all kinds of motor vehicles within the territorial jurisdiction of Davao City in the interest of public safety and order.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> Duterte also signed Executive Order No. 04 creating the implementing of rules and regulations for a new comprehensive anti-smoking ordinance.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Firecracker#Firecracker_ban" title="Firecracker">firecracker ban</a> was also implemented by the City Council through the support of Duterte.<a href="#cite_note-cnnphdvo-96">[95]</a> Davao acquired 10 ambulances for <a href="/wiki/9-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="9-1-1">central 911</a> intended for medical emergencies and 42 mobile patrol vehicles and motorcycles for the Davao City Police Office.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> Duterte, through Executive Order No. 24, ordered all shopping malls and commercial centers to install, operate and maintain high end and high definition closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras at all entrance and exit points of their premises.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> In September 2015, Duterte was contacted by a restaurant owner in Davao City after a local tourist refused to comply with the city's public anti-smoking ordinance. The then-mayor went to the restaurant and had the tourist choose to be shot at his crotch, have himself imprisoned, or swallow his cigarette butt; the tourist chose the latter and apologized to Duterte.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-CigaretteSwallow-99">[98]</a> Duterte was then met with criticisms especially from the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Human_Rights_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Human Rights (Philippines)">Commission on Human Rights (CHR)</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alleged_involvement_with_Davao_Death_Squad">Alleged involvement with Davao Death Squad</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Davao_Death_Squad" title="Davao Death Squad">Davao Death Squad</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war#Senate_committee" title="Philippine drug war">Philippine drug war § Senate committee</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war#Arturo_Lascañas" title="Philippine drug war">Philippine drug war § Arturo Lascañas</a></div> Duterte has been linked by human rights groups such as <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> and <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> to <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing" title="Extrajudicial killing">extrajudicial killings</a> of over 1,400 alleged criminals and <a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_the_Philippines" title="Street children in the Philippines">street children</a> by <a href="/wiki/Vigilante" class="mw-redirect" title="Vigilante">vigilante</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_squad" title="Death squad">death squads</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ds-34">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRWOrg-TheRise-101">[100]</a> In the April 2009 UN General Assembly of the Human Rights Council, the UN report (Eleventh Session Agenda item 3, par 21) said, "The Mayor of Davao City has done nothing to prevent these killings, and his public comments suggest that he is, in fact, supportive."<a href="#cite_note-www.ohchr.org-102">[101]</a> Duterte emphasized that the concept of human rights for criminals is Western and should not apply to the Philippines;<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-Lacorte-2015-103">[102]</a> he further challenged human rights officials to file a case against him if they could provide evidence of his links with vigilante groups.<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">We're the ninth-safest city. How do you think I did it? How did I reach that title among the world's safest cities? Kill them all [criminals].<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Duterte, May 15, 2015<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-Lacorte-2015-103">[102]</a></cite></div></blockquote> Duterte frequently expressed his support for the extrajudicial killings that occurred during his tenure as Davao City mayor, while alternately denying and admitting his links to them.<a href="#cite_note-ds-34">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Human_Rights_Watch-105">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-www.news.com.au-106">[105]</a> During his post-presidency in October 2023, he admitted on his talk show program <a href="/wiki/Gikan_sa_Masa,_para_sa_Masa" title="Gikan sa Masa, para sa Masa">Gikan sa Masa, para sa Masa</a> to using intelligence funds to finance the extrajudicial killings done during his time as mayor.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federalism_advocacy">Federalism advocacy</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Federalism_and_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Federalism and Rodrigo Duterte">Federalism and Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> In September 2014, Duterte and former mayors and governors, calling themselves the Mindanao Council of Leaders, advocated for a federalist government.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> A month later, Duterte attended an event sponsored by the Federal Movement for a Better Philippines in <a href="/wiki/Cebu_City" title="Cebu City">Cebu City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> In December 2014, Duterte held a summit entitled "Mindanaons Forging Unity Toward a Federal System of Government".<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2016_presidential_campaign">2016 presidential campaign</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rodrigo Duterte 2016 presidential campaign">Rodrigo Duterte 2016 presidential campaign</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2016 Philippine presidential election">2016 Philippine presidential election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_campaign.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_campaign.png/220px-Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_campaign.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_campaign.png/330px-Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_campaign.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_campaign.png/440px-Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_campaign.png 2x" data-file-width="491" data-file-height="240" /></a><figcaption>Duterte–Cayetano 2016 campaign logo</figcaption></figure> Prospects of Duterte running for president in the 2016 elections began in February 2015, during which Duterte, then outgoing <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">Mayor of Davao City</a>, re-entered the <a href="/wiki/PDP-Laban" class="mw-redirect" title="PDP-Laban">PDP-Laban</a> party, who courted him to run for president.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> A month later, Duterte emerged as a preferred presidential candidate in a <a href="/wiki/Pulse_Asia" title="Pulse Asia">Pulse Asia</a> poll; tied with Manila mayor and former president <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Estrada" title="Joseph Estrada">Joseph Estrada</a>, Duterte ranked third behind Senator <a href="/wiki/Grace_Poe" title="Grace Poe">Grace Poe</a> and frontrunner, Vice President <a href="/wiki/Jejomar_Binay" title="Jejomar Binay">Jejomar Binay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> In the following months leading to October, however, Duterte repeatedly declined his supporters' clamors for him to run as president because of what he described as a "flawed government system", as well as lack of funds and opposition from his family members—notably, from his daughter <a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ranada-2015-115">[114]</a> Additionally, Duterte said he will retire from politics after his mayorship ends, but only if Sara runs as mayor.<a href="#cite_note-Ranada-2015-115">[114]</a> In an unforeseen development, PDP-Laban <a href="/wiki/Standard_bearer" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard bearer">standard bearer</a> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Di%C3%B1o" title="Martin Diño">Martin Diño</a> withdrew his candidacy on October 29 and named Duterte as his substitute.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> A month later, Duterte formally announced his presidential bid and accepted <a href="/wiki/Alan_Peter_Cayetano" title="Alan Peter Cayetano">Alan Peter Cayetano</a>'s offer to be his running mate; Duterte also named Sara as his substitute for Mayor of Davao City.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Duterte-Cayetano_campaign_2016_elections_(Pandacan,_Manila)(2016-04-23)_28).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Duterte-Cayetano_campaign_2016_elections_%28Pandacan%2C_Manila%29%282016-04-23%29_28%29.jpg/220px-Duterte-Cayetano_campaign_2016_elections_%28Pandacan%2C_Manila%29%282016-04-23%29_28%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Duterte-Cayetano_campaign_2016_elections_%28Pandacan%2C_Manila%29%282016-04-23%29_28%29.jpg/330px-Duterte-Cayetano_campaign_2016_elections_%28Pandacan%2C_Manila%29%282016-04-23%29_28%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Duterte-Cayetano_campaign_2016_elections_%28Pandacan%2C_Manila%29%282016-04-23%29_28%29.jpg/440px-Duterte-Cayetano_campaign_2016_elections_%28Pandacan%2C_Manila%29%282016-04-23%29_28%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2056" /></a><figcaption>Duterte (3rd from right) and allies campaigning in Pandacan, Manila</figcaption></figure> During his campaign, Duterte gained distinction for his emphatic anti-crime message and push to reduce "<a href="/wiki/Imperial_Manila" title="Imperial Manila">Imperial Manila</a>'s" dominance.<a href="#cite_note-Cook-Salazar-2016-119">[118]</a>: 5  At the same time, he made controversial remarks, including promising to kill tens of thousands of criminals and eradicate crime in six months.<a href="#cite_note-TheGuardian-DeclaresVictory-120">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-ABC6-121">[120]</a> He also said his presidency would be "a bloody one", and that he would pardon himself, the police, and soldiers accused of human rights abuses at the end of his six-year term.<a href="#cite_note-ABC6-121">[120]</a> Duterte also apologized after saying out of anger when recalling the events<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> that he "should have been first" to rape Jacqueline Hamill, an Australian missionary who was <a href="/wiki/Gang-rape" class="mw-redirect" title="Gang-rape">gang-raped</a> and killed during the <a href="/wiki/1989_Davao_hostage_crisis" title="1989 Davao hostage crisis">1989 Davao hostage crisis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> After the United States' and Australia's ambassadors to the Philippines criticized him for the rape comments, Duterte threatened to sever diplomatic ties with the countries if elected.<a href="#cite_note-ABC6-121">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constitutional_reform">Constitutional reform</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Federalism_and_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Federalism and Rodrigo Duterte">Federalism and Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> Duterte campaigned for <a href="/wiki/Decentralization" title="Decentralization">decentralization</a> and a shift to a federal government during the 2016 presidential election.<a href="#cite_note-TheGuardian-DeclaresVictory-120">[119]</a> In an October 2014 forum organized by Federal Movement for a Better Philippines in <a href="/wiki/Cebu_City" title="Cebu City">Cebu City</a> prior to joining the presidential race, the then-mayor of Davao City called for the creation of two federal states for <a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro people</a> as a solution to the problems besetting <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>.<a href="#cite_note-inq-124">[123]</a> Mayor Duterte said that <a href="/wiki/Nur_Misuari" title="Nur Misuari">Nur Misuari</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a> do not see eye-to-eye with the <a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> which the administration of President <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a> had inked a peace deal with. He also said that the "template of the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Basic_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsamoro Basic Law">Bangsamoro Basic Law</a> is federal", but what is granted to the Bangsamoro should also be granted to other Moro groups and other regions in the country.<a href="#cite_note-chacha-125">[124]</a> In a dialogue with the <a href="/wiki/Makati_Business_Club" title="Makati Business Club">Makati Business Club</a> prior to the elections, Duterte said he is open to "toning down the Constitution" to accommodate more foreign investors to the Philippines.<a href="#cite_note-mb-126">[125]</a> He also said he is open to up to 70 percent foreign ownership of businesses in the country and foreign lease of lands up to 60 years, but will "leave it to Congress to decide".<a href="#cite_note-mb-126">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Election_to_the_presidency">Election to the presidency</h3></div> On May 30, 2016, the <a href="/wiki/16th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="16th Congress of the Philippines">16th Congress of the Philippines</a> proclaimed Duterte as the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">president-elect of the Philippines</a> after he topped the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_canvass_for_the_Philippine_presidential_election,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional canvass for the Philippine presidential election, 2016">official count</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress of the Philippines</a> for the <a href="/wiki/2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2016 Philippine presidential election">2016 presidential election</a> with 16,601,997 votes, 6.6 million more than his closest rival, <a href="/wiki/Mar_Roxas" title="Mar Roxas">Mar Roxas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> <a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur" title="Camarines Sur">Camarines Sur</a> representative <a href="/wiki/Leni_Robredo" title="Leni Robredo">Leni Robredo</a> on the other hand, was proclaimed as the <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Vice President of the Philippines">vice president-elect of the Philippines</a> with 14,418,817 votes, narrowly defeating Senator <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> by 263,473 votes.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer_1-130">[129]</a> Duterte's election victory was attributed to growing public dissatisfaction on the perceived failures of administrations that followed the <a href="/wiki/1986_EDSA_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1986 EDSA Revolution">1986 EDSA Revolution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> It was also aided by a strong social media and grassroots fanbase<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cook-Salazar-2016-119">[118]</a>: 8–10  and the endorsement of the influential <a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a>, known for its <a href="/wiki/Block-voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Block-voting">block-voting</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidency_(2016–2022)">Presidency (2016–2022)</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidential transition of Rodrigo Duterte">Presidential transition of Rodrigo Duterte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Inauguration of Rodrigo Duterte">Inauguration of Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #DEDEDE;">Presidential styles of Rodrigo Duterte<a href="#cite_note-CNNPhilippines-HisExcellency-134">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-HisExcellency-135">[134]</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(manner_of_address)" class="mw-redirect" title="Style (manner of address)">Reference style</a></th><td class="infobox-data">President Duterte, <a href="/wiki/His_Excellency" class="mw-redirect" title="His Excellency">His Excellency</a> (rarely used)<a href="#cite_note-his-excellency-136">[b]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-HisExcellency-135">[134]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spoken style</th><td class="infobox-data">Your Excellency (rarely used)<a href="#cite_note-his-excellency-136">[b]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternative style</th><td class="infobox-data">Mr. President, President, Mayor<a href="#cite_note-137">[135]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Duterte was inaugurated as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_Presidents#Presidents" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Philippine Presidents">sixteenth</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">president of the Philippines</a> on June 30, 2016, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a>. At age 71, Duterte became the oldest person elected to the presidency, the first local chief executive to get elected straight to the Office of the President, the second <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_people" title="Cebuano people">Cebuano</a> president (after <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Osme%C3%B1a" title="Sergio Osmeña">Sergio Osmeña</a>), and the first <a href="/wiki/Visayans" title="Visayans">Visayan</a> president from <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>.<a href="#cite_note-rodylenibynumbers2-138">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_actions">Early actions</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_presidency" title="First 100 days of Rodrigo Duterte's presidency">First 100 days of Rodrigo Duterte's presidency</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Duterte_and_Aquino_June_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Duterte_and_Aquino_June_2016.jpg/220px-Duterte_and_Aquino_June_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Duterte_and_Aquino_June_2016.jpg/330px-Duterte_and_Aquino_June_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Duterte_and_Aquino_June_2016.jpg/440px-Duterte_and_Aquino_June_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1832" /></a><figcaption>President-elect Duterte (left) and outgoing President <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a> at <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace">Malacañang Palace</a> on inauguration day, June 30, 2016</figcaption></figure> Shortly after his inauguration, Duterte held his first Cabinet meeting to lay out their first agenda, which included the country's <a href="/wiki/Disaster_risk_reduction" title="Disaster risk reduction">disaster risk reduction</a> management, decongesting <a href="/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airport" title="Ninoy Aquino International Airport">Ninoy Aquino International Airport</a> in Manila; he also expressed his ideas and concerns regarding the <a href="/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="Territorial disputes in the South China Sea">territorial disputes in the South China Sea</a> prior to the announcement of the verdict of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines_v._China" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippines v. China">Philippines' arbitration case against China</a> over the issue,<a href="#cite_note-139">[137]</a> which the Philippines later won.<a href="#cite_note-nyt4-140">[138]</a> On July 4, he issued his first <a href="/wiki/Executive_order" title="Executive order">executive order</a>, allowing his <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Secretary_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet Secretary (Philippines)">Cabinet Secretary</a> to supervise over several agencies that focus on <a href="/wiki/Poverty_reduction" title="Poverty reduction">poverty reduction</a>.<a href="#cite_note-141">[139]</a> He called for the reimposition of <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_Philippines" title="Capital punishment in the Philippines">capital punishment</a> in the country to execute criminals involved in "heinous" crimes, such as <a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade" title="Illegal drug trade">illegal drug trade</a>, insisting on <a href="/wiki/Hanging" title="Hanging">hanging</a>.<a href="#cite_note-142">[140]</a> During his first 100 days in office, Duterte issued an <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Order_(Philippines)" title="Freedom of Information Order (Philippines)">executive order on freedom of information</a>,<a href="#cite_note-143">[141]</a> launched an intensified <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Drug War">campaign against illegal drugs</a>, sought to resume peace talks with <a href="/wiki/Communist_rebellion_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist rebellion in the Philippines">communist insurgents</a>, formulated a comprehensive tax reform plan, led efforts to pass the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Basic_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsamoro Basic Law">Bangsamoro Basic Law</a>, made efforts to streamline government transactions, launched the nationwide <a href="/wiki/9-1-1_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="9-1-1 (Philippines)">9–1–1</a> rescue and <a href="/wiki/8888_(Philippines)" title="8888 (Philippines)">8888</a> complaint hotlines, established a one-stop service center for <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Filipino_workers" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas Filipino workers">overseas Filipino workers</a>, and increased in the combat and incentive pay of soldiers and police personnel.<a href="#cite_note-ManilaTimes-First100Days-144">[142]</a> Duterte made moves to limit <a href="/wiki/Visiting_forces_agreement" title="Visiting forces agreement">US visiting troops</a> in the country, and has reached out to China and Russia to improve relations. He launched tirades against international critics, particularly, United States President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, the US government, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, which expressed condemnation to his unprecedented war on drugs that led to the deaths of about 3,300 people, half of which were killed by unknown assailants, and the arrest of 22,000 drug suspects and surrender of about 731,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-ManilaTimes-First100Days-144">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-1st100Days-145">[143]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm/220px--Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="130" data-mwtitle="Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm/Inauguration_of_President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_6_30_2016-uH80-bjOBnM.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>Duterte takes his <a href="/wiki/Philippine_presidential_inauguration#Oath_of_Office" title="Philippine presidential inauguration">oath of office</a> as the 16th president of the Philippines on June 30, 2016.</figcaption></figure> Following the <a href="/wiki/2016_Davao_City_bombing" title="2016 Davao City bombing">September 2 bombing in Davao City</a> that killed 14 people in the city's central business district, on September 3 Duterte declared a "state of lawlessness", and on the following day issued <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_No._55" title="Proclamation No. 55">Proclamation No. 55</a> to officially declare a "<a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of national emergency</a> on account of lawless violence in Mindanao".<a href="#cite_note-time-146">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-philstar-147">[145]</a> On December 7, Duterte signed <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Executive_Order_10" title="Philippine Executive Order 10">Executive Order No. 10</a> creating a consultative committee to review the 1987 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">Constitution of the Philippines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-gma2-148">[146]</a> Duterte adjusted to working and residing at the <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace">Malacañang Palace</a> by dividing his workweek between Manila and Davao City, spending three days in each city and utilizing the <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_of_the_South" title="Malacañang of the South">Malacañang of the South</a> while in Davao.<a href="#cite_note-149">[147]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Pulse_Asia" title="Pulse Asia">Pulse Asia</a> survey conducted from July 2–8 showed that Duterte had a trust rating of 91%, the highest of the six presidents since the <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Marcos</a> dictatorship.<a href="#cite_note-dip2-150">[148]</a> In December 2016, Duterte was ranked 70th on <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a> <a href="/wiki/Forbes_list_of_The_World%27s_Most_Powerful_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People">list of The World's Most Powerful People</a>.<a href="#cite_note-151">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic_policy">Domestic policy</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Economic_policy">Economic policy</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/DuterteNomics" class="mw-redirect" title="DuterteNomics">DuterteNomics</a></div> Duterte's socioeconomic policies, referred to as DuterteNomics, include tax reform, infrastructure development, social protection programs, and other policies to promote economic growth and human development in the country.<a href="#cite_note-timeline-153">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[152]</a> <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Finance_(Philippines)" title="Department of Finance (Philippines)">Finance Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Dominguez_III" title="Carlos Dominguez III">Carlos Dominguez III</a> has said that the government required what he describes as an "audacious" economic strategy in order for the Philippines to "catch up with its more vibrant neighbors" by 2022 and help it achieve <a href="/wiki/High-income_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="High-income economy">high-income economy</a> status within a generation. The term DuterteNomics was coined to describe the economic policy of the Duterte administration. Duterte initiated liberal economic reforms to attract foreign investors.<a href="#cite_note-155">[153]</a> In March 2022, he signed Republic Act No. 11647 which amended the Foreign Investment Act of 1991, effectively relaxing restrictions on foreign investments by allowing foreigners to invest in a local enterprise up to 100% of its capital.<a href="#cite_note-156">[154]</a> He signed Republic Act No. 11659, amending the 85-year-old Public Service Act, allowing full foreign ownership of public services, which include airports, expressways, railways, telecommunications, and shipping industries, in the country.<a href="#cite_note-157">[155]</a> Duterte reformed the country's tax system in an effort to make the country's tax system fairer, simpler, and more efficient.<a href="#cite_note-TaxBits-2022-158">[156]</a> In December 2017, he signed <a href="/wiki/Tax_Reform_for_Acceleration_and_Inclusion_Law" title="Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law">Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law</a> (TRAIN Law) which excludes those earning an annual taxable income of ₱250,000 and below from paying the personal income tax, while raising higher <a href="/wiki/Excise_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Excise tax">excise taxes</a> on vehicles, sugar-sweetened beverages, petroleum products, tobacco and other non-essential goods.<a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a> Revenues collected from the TRAIN law will help fund the administration's massive <a href="/wiki/Build!_Build!_Build!" title="Build! Build! Build!">infrastructure program</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ABSCBN-TaxReform-160">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-ABS-CBN-TRAINLaw-161">[159]</a> In March 2021, to attract more investments and maintain fiscal stability, Duterte signed the Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises (CREATE) Act, reducing the 30 percent <a href="/wiki/Corporate_income_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate income tax">corporate income tax</a> rate to 25 percent for firms with assets above <a href="/wiki/Philippine_peso" title="Philippine peso">₱</a>100 million and to 20 percent for smaller firms.<a href="#cite_note-162">[160]</a> Duterte raised <a href="/wiki/Sin_tax" title="Sin tax">sin taxes</a> on tobacco and vapor products in July 2019, and alcohol beverages and <a href="/wiki/Electronic_cigarette" title="Electronic cigarette">electronic cigarettes</a> in January 2020, to fund the Universal Health Care Act and reduce incidence of deaths and diseases associated with smoking and alcohol consumption.<a href="#cite_note-163">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[162]</a> Duterte's tax reform program has garnered both support and criticism. Critics have argued that the administration's tax policy would burden the poor.<a href="#cite_note-165">[163]</a> The implementation of the TRAIN Law triggered protests from various left-wing groups. On January 15, 2018, protesters gathered at various public market sites, calling for the revocation of TRAIN.<a href="#cite_note-166">[164]</a> However, proponents of the program cite its appeal to foreign investors and economic benefits as the main reasons behind tax reform. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Infrastructure_development">Infrastructure development</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Build!_Build!_Build!" title="Build! Build! Build!">Build! Build! Build!</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Athletic_Stadium_of_the_New_Clark_City_sports_complex_(July_19,_2019).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Athletic_Stadium_of_the_New_Clark_City_sports_complex_%28July_19%2C_2019%29.jpg/220px-Athletic_Stadium_of_the_New_Clark_City_sports_complex_%28July_19%2C_2019%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Athletic_Stadium_of_the_New_Clark_City_sports_complex_%28July_19%2C_2019%29.jpg/330px-Athletic_Stadium_of_the_New_Clark_City_sports_complex_%28July_19%2C_2019%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Athletic_Stadium_of_the_New_Clark_City_sports_complex_%28July_19%2C_2019%29.jpg/440px-Athletic_Stadium_of_the_New_Clark_City_sports_complex_%28July_19%2C_2019%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/New_Clark_City_Athletic_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="New Clark City Athletic Stadium">Athletic Stadium</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_Clark_City" title="New Clark City">New Clark City</a> sports complex, completed on October 12, 2019, 50 days before the opening of the <a href="/wiki/2019_Southeast_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Southeast Asian Games">2019 Southeast Asian Games</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[165]</a></figcaption></figure> To reduce poverty, encourage economic growth, and reduce congestion in <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a>, the Duterte administration launched its comprehensive infrastructure program, <a href="/wiki/Build,_Build,_Build" class="mw-redirect" title="Build, Build, Build">Build, Build, Build</a>,<a href="#cite_note-pcoo-168">[166]</a> on April 18, 2017.<a href="#cite_note-169">[167]</a> The program, which forms part of <a href="/wiki/DuterteNomics" class="mw-redirect" title="DuterteNomics">the administration's socioeconomic policy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-pcoo-168">[166]</a> aimed to usher in the country's "Golden Age of Infrastructure" by increasing the share of spending on public infrastructure in the country's <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">gross domestic product</a> (GDP) from 5.4 percent in 2017 to 7.4 percent in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-BusinessMirror-BBB-170">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[169]</a> The administration, in 2017, shifted its infrastructure funding policy from <a href="/wiki/Public-private_partnership" class="mw-redirect" title="Public-private partnership">public-private partnerships</a> (PPPs) of previous administrations to government revenues and <a href="/wiki/Official_development_assistance" title="Official development assistance">official development assistance</a> (ODA), particularly from Japan and China,<a href="#cite_note-172">[170]</a> but has since October 2019 engaged with the private sector for additional funding.<a href="#cite_note-173">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[172]</a> The administration revised its list of Infrastructure Flagship Projects (IFPs) under the Build, Build, Build program from 75 to 100 in November 2019,<a href="#cite_note-ABS-CBN-List100-175">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-ABS-CBN-List100PDF-176">[174]</a> then to 104, and finally, to 112 in 2020,<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-Inherit88Infra-177">[175]</a> expanding its scope to include health, information and communications technology, and water infrastructure projects to support the country's economic growth and recovery from the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. Some major projects include<a href="#cite_note-ABS-CBN-List100PDF-176">[174]</a> the Subic-Clark Railway,<a href="#cite_note-Mawis-2018-178">[176]</a> the <a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_Commuter_Railway" title="North–South Commuter Railway">North–South Commuter Railway</a> from <a href="/wiki/New_Clark_City" title="New Clark City">New Clark City</a> to <a href="/wiki/Calamba,_Laguna" title="Calamba, Laguna">Calamba, Laguna</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Mawis-2018-178">[176]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila_Subway_Line_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro Manila Subway Line 9">Metro Manila Subway</a>,<a href="#cite_note-179">[177]</a> the expansion of <a href="/wiki/Clark_International_Airport" title="Clark International Airport">Clark International Airport</a><a href="#cite_note-Mawis-2018-178">[176]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Mindanao_Railway" title="Mindanao Railway">Mindanao Railway</a> (Tagum-Davao-Digos Segment),<a href="#cite_note-180">[178]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Luzon_Spine_Expressway_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Luzon Spine Expressway Network">Luzon Spine Expressway Network</a><a href="#cite_note-Lamentillo-2018-181">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Summit_Express-2018-182">[180]</a> By April 2022, 12 IFPs have been completed by the administration, while 88 IFPs, which were on their "advanced stage", have been passed on to the succeeding administration for completion.<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-Inherit88Infra-177">[175]</a> From June 2016 to July 2021, a total of 29,264 kilometres (18,184 mi) of roads, 5,950 bridges, 11,340 flood control projects, 222 evacuation centers, and 150,149 elementary and secondary classrooms, and 653 COVID-19 facilities under the Build, Build, Build program had been completed.<a href="#cite_note-183">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-MB-Nov2019-184">[182]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="War_on_Drugs">War on Drugs</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Drug War">Philippine Drug War</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_is_accompanied_by_Pampanga_Governor_Lilia_Pineda_during_an_ocular_inspection_of_the_seized_shabu_laboratory_in_Arayat,_Pampanga_on_September_27.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_is_accompanied_by_Pampanga_Governor_Lilia_Pineda_during_an_ocular_inspection_of_the_seized_shabu_laboratory_in_Arayat%2C_Pampanga_on_September_27.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_is_accompanied_by_Pampanga_Governor_Lilia_Pineda_during_an_ocular_inspection_of_the_seized_shabu_laboratory_in_Arayat%2C_Pampanga_on_September_27.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_is_accompanied_by_Pampanga_Governor_Lilia_Pineda_during_an_ocular_inspection_of_the_seized_shabu_laboratory_in_Arayat%2C_Pampanga_on_September_27.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Duterte inspects a seized <a href="/wiki/Methamphetamine" title="Methamphetamine">shabu</a> laboratory in <a href="/wiki/Arayat,_Pampanga" title="Arayat, Pampanga">Arayat, Pampanga</a> on September 27, 2016.</figcaption></figure> Duterte placed the <a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade_in_the_Philippines" title="Illegal drug trade in the Philippines">Philippines' illegal drugs problem</a> at the forefront of his presidential campaign, warning the Philippines was at risk of becoming a <a href="/wiki/Narco-state" title="Narco-state">narco-state</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-DigongDefends-185">[183]</a> Upon entering office, Duterte began a nationwide crackdown against illegal drugs. At the forefront of the campaign's operations was Oplan Tokhang, which involved policemen knocking on the doors of suspected drug users and inviting them to surrender.<a href="#cite_note-FilipinoTimes-PHNeedsMoreRahab-186">[184]</a> Among Duterte's early actions included naming three Chinese nationals as alleged <a href="/wiki/Drug_lord" title="Drug lord">drug lords</a> in the Philippines,<a href="#cite_note-187">[185]</a> calling for assistance from the <a href="/wiki/New_Peoples_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="New Peoples Army">New Peoples Army</a> to join the crackdown,<a href="#cite_note-188">[186]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_August_7,_2016,_speech" title="Rodrigo Duterte's August 7, 2016, speech">publicly naming 150 public officials</a> allegedly involved in the drug trade.<a href="#cite_note-189">[187]</a> Concerns arose worldwide due to the rising death toll during police operations,<a href="#cite_note-190">[188]</a> and drug suspects reportedly fighting back ("nanlaban") was a common alibi of several policemen involved.<a href="#cite_note-191">[189]</a> At the height of the drug crackdown in his early presidency, Duterte urged the policemen to kill drug addicts,<a href="#cite_note-192">[190]</a> promising to pardon them for performing their duties;<a href="#cite_note-193">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[192]</a> Duterte's call prompted thousands to surrender,<a href="#cite_note-FilipinoTimes-PHNeedsMoreRahab-186">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-1st100Days-145">[143]</a> and observers noted this assurance may have emboldened the police to allegedly execute suspects and plant evidence on them.<a href="#cite_note-195">[193]</a> In August 2016, opposition Senator <a href="/wiki/Leila_de_Lima" title="Leila de Lima">Leila de Lima</a> launched a probe into <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killings_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Extrajudicial killings in the Philippines">extrajudicial killings</a>, focusing on cases that took place during Duterte's tenure as mayor of Davao City. De Lima presented as witness an alleged member of Davao City-based vigilante group <a href="/wiki/Davao_Death_Squad" title="Davao Death Squad">Davao Death Squad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Matobato" title="Edgar Matobato">Edgar Matobato</a>, who testified that Duterte was involved in extrajudicial killings in the city. Duterte dismissed the claims as a lie,<a href="#cite_note-196">[194]</a> and the Senate probe was terminated on October 13, 2016, for lack of evidence.<a href="#cite_note-197">[195]</a> Shortly after, Duterte implicated De Lima in the illegal drug trade during her tenure as Justice Secretary under the Aquino III administration. Though De Lima denied the claims, she was later imprisoned in February 2017 due to the <a href="/wiki/New_Bilibid_Prison_drug_trafficking_scandal" title="New Bilibid Prison drug trafficking scandal">drug charges</a>.<a href="#cite_note-198">[196]</a> Two months later, Matobato's lawyer, Jude Josue Sabio, filed charges for <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> with the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> against Duterte and 11 other officials.<a href="#cite_note-199">[197]</a> Responding to public clamor, in October 2017, Duterte designated the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Drug_Enforcement_Agency" title="Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency">Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency</a> to lead anti-drug operations and temporarily barred the police from joining the raids.<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-PDEASoleAgancy-200">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-PNPBack-201">[199]</a> Through an executive order he issued in October 2018, Duterte instituted a more balanced approach to the drug problem by establishing the Philippine Anti-Illegal Drugs Strategy, which ordered all government departments and <a href="/wiki/State_Universities_and_Colleges_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Universities and Colleges (Philippines)">state universities and colleges</a> to implement their own strategies in tackling the country's illegal drug trade; the order also urged local government units, non-government organizations, and private institutions to support and implement the Strategy.<a href="#cite_note-202">[200]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippines_Drug_War_Protest_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Philippines_Drug_War_Protest_2.jpg/220px-Philippines_Drug_War_Protest_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Philippines_Drug_War_Protest_2.jpg/330px-Philippines_Drug_War_Protest_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Philippines_Drug_War_Protest_2.jpg/440px-Philippines_Drug_War_Protest_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Protesters against the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Drug War">War on Drugs</a> gather in front of the Philippine Consulate General in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> on October 11, 2016.</figcaption></figure> Duterte campaigned to eliminate illegal drugs in the country within three to six months, but later acknowledged he miscalculated the severity of the problem as he based his approach to that of <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a> during his tenure as the city's mayor. Stating it would take him his entire term to eradicate it, he cited the difficulty in border control due to the country's fragmented geography and lamented that several government officials and law enforcers were involved in drug trafficking.<a href="#cite_note-203">[201]</a> Before leaving office, he implored president-elect <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> to continue tackling the illegal drug problem,<a href="#cite_note-204">[202]</a> but declined an appointment offer as Marcos' <a href="/wiki/Drug_czar" title="Drug czar">drug czar</a>, expressing a desire to retire.<a href="#cite_note-MB-DeclinesDrugCzar-205">[203]</a> By the end of Duterte's term, the number of drug suspects killed since Duterte took office was officially tallied by the government as 6,252;<a href="#cite_note-206">[204]</a> human rights groups, however, claim drug casualties reached as high as 12,000 to 30,000.<a href="#cite_note-207">[205]</a> Various international publications and media companies had claimed that Duterte's anti-drugs campaign was a war against the poor due to the abject poverty of those arrested or killed.<a href="#cite_note-208">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-209">[207]</a> On June 19, 2018, 38 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> member states released a collective statement through the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">United Nations Human Rights Council</a>, calling on the Philippines and Duterte to end the killings in the war on drugs and cooperate in investigating human rights abuses.<a href="#cite_note-210">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-38StatesCall-211">[209]</a> Though many human rights note that Duterte's war on drugs was a stain on his legacy,<a href="#cite_note-212">[210]</a> the anti-narcotics drive received domestic approval during his term,<a href="#cite_note-213">[211]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-SWSPoll-214">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-215">[213]</a> and 58% of the country's barangays were declared by the government cleared of illegal drugs by February 2022.<a href="#cite_note-216">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-24KVillages-217">[215]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="International_Criminal_Court">International Criminal Court</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_the_Philippines" title="International Criminal Court investigation in the Philippines">International Criminal Court investigation in the Philippines</a></div> In April 2017, a case was filed by lawyer Jude Sabio before the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> (ICC), charging Duterte and 11 other officials with <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> in relation to the deaths of the controversial war on drugs; in response, outgoing ICC chief prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Fatou_Bensouda" title="Fatou Bensouda">Fatou Bensouda</a> in early 2018 launched a preliminary examination into the charges against the accused. This prompted Duterte in March 2018 to initiate the withdrawal of the Philippines from the ICC,<a href="#cite_note-218">[216]</a> which took effect a year later, on March 17, 2019.<a href="#cite_note-Cabico-Patag-2019-219">[217]</a> Duterte rebuked the idea of allowing foreigners to meddle in the country's justice system and his administration emphasized that cases against him should be filed before the national courts.<a href="#cite_note-DW-2018-220">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cabico-Patag-2019-219">[217]</a> Additionally, he argued that the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a>, which was ratified by the Senate in 2011, was never binding in the Philippines as it was never published in the <a href="/wiki/Official_Gazette_(Philippines)" title="Official Gazette (Philippines)">Official Gazette</a>, a requirement for a law in the country to take effect.<a href="#cite_note-221">[219]</a> For its part, the ICC reiterated that it maintains jurisdiction over crimes which took place before the withdrawal.<a href="#cite_note-Cabico-Patag-2019-219">[217]</a> Stating that his 2017 case was an orchestrated move by the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal Party</a>, notably Senators <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Trillanes" title="Antonio Trillanes">Antonio Trillanes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leila_de_Lima" title="Leila de Lima">Leila de Lima</a>, to discredit Duterte, Sabio retracted his allegations in January 2020 and requested the ICC to dismiss the case.<a href="#cite_note-222">[220]</a> The ICC rejected Sabio's request and asserted that it "cannot effectively destroy or return information once it is in its possession or control".<a href="#cite_note-223">[221]</a> Meanwhile, Duterte's ICC withdrawal was challenged before the Supreme Court by three petitions filed by the Philippine Coalition for the ICC, the <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Bar_of_the_Philippines" title="Integrated Bar of the Philippines">Integrated Bar of the Philippines</a>, and opposition senators; though the Court in March 2021 ultimately dismissed all three cases on the grounds that the petitioners were unable to establish legal standing to challenge the ICC withdrawal, the Court ruled that the President has no "unbridled authority" to withdraw from treaties.<a href="#cite_note-224">[222]</a> The ICC, on September 16, 2021, eventually authorized a formal investigation into the war on drugs<a href="#cite_note-225">[223]</a> in the Philippines, focusing on crimes committed between 2016 and March 2019.<a href="#cite_note-226">[224]</a> In response, the Philippine government in November 2021 requested a deferral of the probe, which was suspended by the ICC to assess the request.<a href="#cite_note-227">[225]</a> Four days before Duterte left office, however, ICC prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Karim_Ahmad_Khan" title="Karim Ahmad Khan">Karim Ahmad Khan</a> requested the pre-trial chamber of the ICC to immediately resume the investigation after concluding that the deferral request was "not warranted".<a href="#cite_note-228">[226]</a> The succeeding Marcos administration initially declined to allow any ICC probe in the country due to sovereignty issues;<a href="#cite_note-229">[227]</a> however, due to tensions between the Duterte and Marcos political families, the Marcos administration is seen as increasingly open to cooperating with the ICC.<a href="#cite_note-Politiko-IsangSalita-230">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bolledo-2023-231">[229]</a> Duterte stated he remains unfazed at the threat of arrest, saying he would rather "die first" before facing a foreign court. <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Panelo" title="Salvador Panelo">Salvador Panelo</a>, who served as Duterte's chief legal counsel, alleged that Duterte's political opponents were using the ICC as a "political and propaganda apparatus".<a href="#cite_note-232">[230]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mindanao_insurgency">Mindanao insurgency</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_peace_process" title="Bangsamoro peace process">Bangsamoro peace process</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro conflict</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BOL_Presentation_to_MILF,_Duterte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BOL_Presentation_to_MILF%2C_Duterte.jpg/220px-BOL_Presentation_to_MILF%2C_Duterte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BOL_Presentation_to_MILF%2C_Duterte.jpg/330px-BOL_Presentation_to_MILF%2C_Duterte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BOL_Presentation_to_MILF%2C_Duterte.jpg/440px-BOL_Presentation_to_MILF%2C_Duterte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Duterte (center) with other officials during the presentation of the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">MILF</a> at <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace">Malacañang Palace</a> on August 6, 2018</figcaption></figure> Duterte has said that Moro dignity is what the MILF and MNLF are struggling for, and that they are not terrorists. He acknowledged that the Moros were subjected to wrongdoing, historical and in territory.<a href="#cite_note-233">[231]</a> Duterte was endorsed in the election by <a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a> (MNLF) leader Nur Misuari<a href="#cite_note-234">[232]</a> due to his background in Mindanao.<a href="#cite_note-235">[233]</a> Other Muslims also supported Duterte and denounced Roxas, the Aquino-supported pick.<a href="#cite_note-236">[234]</a> On November 6, 2016, Duterte signed an executive order to expand the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Transition_Commission" title="Bangsamoro Transition Commission">Bangsamoro Transition Commission</a> to 21 members from 15, in which 11 will be decided by the MILF and 10 will be nominated by the government. The commission was formed in December 2013 and is tasked to draft the Bangsamoro Basic Law in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Framework_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro">Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a>.<a href="#cite_note-237">[235]</a> Duterte signed the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a> on July 26, 2018,<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-DuterteSignsBOL-238">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-MB-DuterteSignsBOL-239">[237]</a> which abolished the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> and provided for the basic structure of government for the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsamoro Autonomous Region">Bangsamoro Autonomous Region</a>, following the agreements set forth in the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro peace agreement signed between the Government of the Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-gmafaqs-240">[238]</a> Duterte signed proclamations granting <a href="/wiki/Amnesty" title="Amnesty">amnesty</a> to members of the <a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> in February 2021.<a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-GrantsAmnesty-241">[239]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Campaign_against_terrorism">Campaign against terrorism</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_welcomes_Kjartan_Sekkingstad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Rodrigo_Duterte_welcomes_Kjartan_Sekkingstad.jpg/220px-Rodrigo_Duterte_welcomes_Kjartan_Sekkingstad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Rodrigo_Duterte_welcomes_Kjartan_Sekkingstad.jpg/330px-Rodrigo_Duterte_welcomes_Kjartan_Sekkingstad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Rodrigo_Duterte_welcomes_Kjartan_Sekkingstad.jpg/440px-Rodrigo_Duterte_welcomes_Kjartan_Sekkingstad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Duterte welcomes Norwegian Kjartan Sekkingstad following his release from <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> captivity.</figcaption></figure> At the start of 2016, experts warned the Philippines was at risk of having the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and Syria">Islamic State of Iraq and Syria</a> (ISIS) set a foothold in the country.<a href="#cite_note-242">[240]</a> However, Duterte's predecessor, President Aquino III, dismissed the perpetrators of a March 2016 armed attack against the military as mere "mercenaries" wanting to join the ISIS.<a href="#cite_note-243">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-244">[242]</a> The earliest terrorist attacks in Duterte's presidency occurred in <a href="/wiki/2016_Davao_City_bombing" title="2016 Davao City bombing">September 2016</a> in <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>; <a href="/wiki/2016_Butig_clashes" title="2016 Butig clashes">November 2016</a> in <a href="/wiki/Butig,_Lanao_del_Sur" class="mw-redirect" title="Butig, Lanao del Sur">Butig, Lanao del Sur</a>; and in <a href="/wiki/2017_Bohol_clashes" title="2017 Bohol clashes">April to May 2017</a> in <a href="/wiki/Inabanga,_Bohol" class="mw-redirect" title="Inabanga, Bohol">Inabanga, Bohol</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Sayyaf Group">Abu Sayyaf Group</a> (ASG) attempted to establish a position in the Visayas.<a href="#cite_note-Laude-2017-245">[243]</a> Though the military eventually quelled the sieges,<a href="#cite_note-Laude-2017-245">[243]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[244]</a> the events were only a prelude to what would become Duterte's greatest challenge in combating terrorism.<a href="#cite_note-247">[245]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132"><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/50px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/75px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/100px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_declares_Marawi_City_liberated_from_terrorist_influence-WmOZt28eSsc.oga" title="File:Rodrigo Duterte declares Marawi City liberated from terrorist influence-WmOZt28eSsc.oga">Declaration of liberation of Marawi</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="21" data-mwtitle="Rodrigo_Duterte_declares_Marawi_City_liberated_from_terrorist_influence-WmOZt28eSsc.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/Rodrigo_Duterte_declares_Marawi_City_liberated_from_terrorist_influence-WmOZt28eSsc.oga/Rodrigo_Duterte_declares_Marawi_City_liberated_from_terrorist_influence-WmOZt28eSsc.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Rodrigo_Duterte_declares_Marawi_City_liberated_from_terrorist_influence-WmOZt28eSsc.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARodrigo_Duterte_declares_Marawi_City_liberated_from_terrorist_influence-WmOZt28eSsc.oga&lang=bn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="bn" label="বাংলা ‪(bn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARodrigo_Duterte_declares_Marawi_City_liberated_from_terrorist_influence-WmOZt28eSsc.oga&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Rodrigo Duterte declares <a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a> liberated from terrorist influence on October 17, 2017.</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> On May 23, 2017, Duterte was in his first state visit to Russia, where he met Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> to realign the Philippines's foreign policy away from the United States; among his top priorities in the trip included the acquisition of Russian-made munitions to use against Islamic militants in restive Mindanao.<a href="#cite_note-248">[246]</a> At that time, the Philippine military was in an operation to capture ASG leader <a href="/wiki/Isnilon_Hapilon" title="Isnilon Hapilon">Isnilon Hapilon</a>. Duterte cut short his trip and flew back to the Philippines after the <a href="/wiki/Maute_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Maute Group">Maute Group</a>, which pledged allegiance to the ISIS, <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Marawi" title="Siege of Marawi">occupied</a> the city of <a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a>. Upon returning, Duterte <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_No._216" title="Proclamation No. 216">declared Martial law across Mindanao</a> and ordered a major offensive on the city to retake it.<a href="#cite_note-249">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-250">[248]</a> The battle, which lasted for five months, became the country's longest urban warfare; the city, particularly the downtown area, was left in ruins,<a href="#cite_note-251">[249]</a> largely due to militant fire and military airstrikes,<a href="#cite_note-CNN-DuterteMarawiLiberated-252">[250]</a><a href="#cite_note-253">[251]</a> necessitating <a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_of_Marawi" title="Rehabilitation of Marawi">rehabilitation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-254">[252]</a> Hapilon and <a href="/wiki/Omar_Maute" title="Omar Maute">Omar Maute</a> were eventually killed, and on October 17, Duterte declared the city liberated from terrorist influence.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-DuterteMarawiLiberated-252">[250]</a> Citing the danger posed by Islamic terrorists, Congress, upon Duterte's requests, thrice granted the extension of martial law in Mindanao between 2017 and 2019.<a href="#cite_note-255">[253]</a><a href="#cite_note-256">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-257">[255]</a> The moves drew criticism, particularly from rights groups, who claimed that the extensions were part of a campaign on stifling dissent.<a href="#cite_note-258">[256]</a> By the end of 2019, martial law in Mindanao lapsed, after which Duterte decided not to have it extended.<a href="#cite_note-259">[257]</a> In July 2020, Duterte signed the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020" title="Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020">Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020</a>,<a href="#cite_note-260">[258]</a> which expanded the powers of the government to address the country's growing security challenges. In its enactment, the law repealed the <a href="/wiki/Human_Security_Act_of_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Security Act of 2007">Human Security Act of 2007</a>, which was described by the 2020 law's proponents as weak and inadequate.<a href="#cite_note-Santos-2020-261">[259]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mendoza-etal-2021-262">[260]</a>: 54–55  However, the 2020 law received intense criticism, notably from the academia and rights groups, for allegedly being prone to abuse; a total of 37 petitions were filed by several groups asking the Supreme Court to have the law nullified,<a href="#cite_note-Mendoza-etal-2021-262">[260]</a>: 60  making the law the most assailed legislation in Philippine history;<a href="#cite_note-263">[261]</a> the Court ultimately upheld the validity of the law in December 2021, but struck two of the law's provisions.<a href="#cite_note-264">[262]</a> As Duterte's term approached its end, the military intensified its efforts against Islamic terrorists, which continued to carry a series of attacks in Mindanao and Sulu;<a href="#cite_note-265">[263]</a> notable among these attacks involved suicide bombing, a tactic not commonly used by Filipino terrorists.<a href="#cite_note-Mendoza-etal-2021-262">[260]</a>: 55  In February 2021, Duterte created the National Amnesty Commission, which would process <a href="/wiki/Amnesty" title="Amnesty">amnesty</a> applications of former rebels and determine their eligibility.<a href="#cite_note-266">[264]</a> Additionally, he expanded his administration's reintegration program to include former <a href="/wiki/Violent_extremism" title="Violent extremism">violent extremists</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gita-Carlos-2020-267">[265]</a> From 2016–2021, 1,544 ASG members, 971 <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Islamic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters">Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters</a> members, and 1,427 <a href="/wiki/Dawlah_Islamiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawlah Islamiyah">Dawlah Islamiyah</a> members were reportedly captured, killed, or surrendered.<a href="#cite_note-268">[266]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Communist_insurgency">Communist insurgency</h4></div> Duterte described himself as left-leaning during his presidential campaign.<a href="#cite_note-269">[267]</a> As he initially had good relations with the left,<a href="#cite_note-Mogato-2016-270">[268]</a> he received campaign support from leftist groups, particularly in Mindanao.<a href="#cite_note-Gloria-2016-271">[269]</a> Duterte was a student of <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Communist Party of the Philippines">Communist Party of the Philippines</a> (CPP) founder <a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Sison" title="Jose Maria Sison">Jose Maria Sison</a> at <a href="/wiki/Lyceum_of_the_Philippines_University" title="Lyceum of the Philippines University">Lyceum of the Philippines University</a>, and Sison stated during the election campaign that Duterte was "the best President the Philippines can have since Marcos".<a href="#cite_note-272">[270]</a> Upon Duterte's election into office, prospects of restarting peace talks between the Philippine government and the CPP-<a href="/wiki/New_Peoples_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="New Peoples Army">NPA</a>-<a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Front_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Democratic Front (Philippines)">NDF</a>, which stalled in 2011, gained momentum.<a href="#cite_note-Mogato-2016-270">[268]</a> Duterte temporarily released several communist prisoners, notably couples CPP-NPA chairman <a href="/wiki/Benito_Tiamzon" title="Benito Tiamzon">Benito</a> and CPP-NPA secretary-general <a href="/wiki/Wilma_Tiamzon" title="Wilma Tiamzon">Wilma Tiamzon</a>, to join the peace talks in Oslo.<a href="#cite_note-273">[271]</a><a href="#cite_note-274">[272]</a> In addition, Duterte offered positions for left-leaning activists in his administration, notably in four executive departments: <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Agrarian_Reform" title="Department of Agrarian Reform">Agrarian Reform</a>, <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Environment_and_Natural_Resources" title="Department of Environment and Natural Resources">Environment and Natural Resources</a>, <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Social_Welfare_and_Development" title="Department of Social Welfare and Development">Social Welfare and Development</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Labor_and_Employment" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Labor and Employment">Labor and Employment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gloria-2016-271">[269]</a> In the months leading to 2017, however, the Duterte administration and the CPP accused each other of not being faithful to the ongoing peace negotiations.<a href="#cite_note-Ranada-2016b-275">[273]</a> The CPP demanded from the administration the release of around 130 political detainees, which—along proposals of the CPP to form a "coalition government"—<a href="#cite_note-276">[274]</a><a href="#cite_note-277">[275]</a> Duterte declined.<a href="#cite_note-Ranada-2016b-275">[273]</a> Additionally, several leftists appointed by Duterte were rejected by the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Appointments" title="Commission on Appointments">Commission on Appointments</a>, while others resigned or were fired by Duterte amidst the tense relations.<a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-DuterteFires-278">[276]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-LastLeft-279">[277]</a> Compounding these were the continued clashes between the military and the NPA and the alternate declaration and lifting of ceasefire amid the ongoing peace talks;<a href="#cite_note-280">[278]</a><a href="#cite_note-281">[279]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_a_meeting_with_the_National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict_(NTF-ELCAC)_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_April_15,_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_a_meeting_with_the_National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict_%28NTF-ELCAC%29_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_April_15%2C_2019.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_a_meeting_with_the_National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict_%28NTF-ELCAC%29_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_April_15%2C_2019.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_a_meeting_with_the_National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict_%28NTF-ELCAC%29_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_April_15%2C_2019.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Duterte (2nd from right) presides over a meeting with the <a href="/wiki/National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict" title="National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict">NTF-ELCAC</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace">Malacañang Palace</a> on April 15, 2019.</figcaption></figure> On February 6, 2017, Duterte, citing continued attacks by the NPA on the military, formally terminated peace negotiations with the CPP-NPA-NDF, designated them as a <a href="/wiki/List_of_designated_terrorist_groups#Philippines" title="List of designated terrorist groups">terrorist organization</a><a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-CPP-NPA-282">[280]</a> and ordered the arrest of all NDF negotiators.<a href="#cite_note-283">[281]</a> Through an executive order he issued in December 2018, Duterte established the <a href="/wiki/National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict" title="National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict">National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict</a> (NTF-ELCAC), an inter-agency body that involved a <a href="/wiki/Whole-of-government_approach" title="Whole-of-government approach">whole-of-nation approach</a>—from the national to local level—<a href="#cite_note-284">[282]</a> in addressing the root causes of communism.<a href="#cite_note-285">[283]</a> The NTF-ELCAC worked in close coordination with the military and focused on developing far-flung localities infiltrated by the NPA.<a href="#cite_note-286">[284]</a> Duterte also granted amnesty to former communist rebels<a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-GrantsAmnesty-241">[239]</a> and launched reintegration programs to support them and their families.<a href="#cite_note-287">[285]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gita-Carlos-2020-267">[265]</a> Ultimately, in March 2019, he permanently terminated peace negotiations with the CPP-NPA-NDF, facilitating localized peace talks with the rebels.<a href="#cite_note-288">[286]</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[287]</a> Duterte left office with the number of NPA <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">guerrilla fronts</a> in the country reduced from 89 to 23,<a href="#cite_note-Nepomuceno-2022-290">[288]</a> and about 20,579 communist rebels reportedly surrendered from 2016 to 2021.<a href="#cite_note-291">[289]</a> Despite its success in reducing communist insurgency in the country,<a href="#cite_note-Nepomuceno-2022-290">[288]</a> Duterte's administration was marred by numerous allegations of <a href="/wiki/Red-tagging_in_the_Philippines" title="Red-tagging in the Philippines">red-tagging</a>, notably the left-leaning <a href="/wiki/Makabayan_Bloc" class="mw-redirect" title="Makabayan Bloc">Makabayan Bloc</a>; Duterte and the military dismissed the red-tagging accusations and argued the government was merely "identifying" them as <a href="/wiki/Communist_front" title="Communist front">communist fronts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-292">[290]</a> Duterte also received criticism after he threatened to order the military in mid-2017 to bomb <a href="/wiki/Lumad" title="Lumad">Lumad</a> schools, which he and the military suspected to shelter rebels and teach subversion.<a href="#cite_note-293">[291]</a> Additionally, the military and the NTF-ELCAC were denounced after they cited clandestine recruitment activities by the communist rebels within university campuses nationwide, notably in both state-run <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines" title="University of the Philippines">University of the Philippines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_the_Philippines" title="Polytechnic University of the Philippines">Polytechnic University of the Philippines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-294">[292]</a><a href="#cite_note-295">[293]</a> Several human rights organizations called on the succeeding <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Bongbong Marcos administration">Bongbong Marcos administration</a> to abolish the NTF-ELCAC due to continued red-tagging allegations; the calls, however, were rejected by Marcos.<a href="#cite_note-296">[294]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COVID-19_pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines">COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines</a> and <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines">COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines</a></div> When news about the novel coronavirus (<a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>) spread around the world, Duterte initially understated the threat of the disease and urged the public to refrain from inciting <a href="/wiki/Anti-Chinese_sentiment" title="Anti-Chinese sentiment">anti-Chinese sentiment</a>, which at that time saw a global rise.<a href="#cite_note-297">[295]</a> The first reported COVID-19 case in the Philippines was on January 30, 2020,<a href="#cite_note-298">[296]</a> prompting Duterte to issue bans on the entry of Chinese nationals from China<a href="#cite_note-299">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-300">[298]</a> and calling for calm.<a href="#cite_note-301">[299]</a> Duterte changed his tune in March, during which he placed the Philippines under a State of National Calamity<a href="#cite_note-302">[300]</a> and ordered <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_community_quarantine_in_Luzon" title="Enhanced community quarantine in Luzon">a lockdown in Luzon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-303">[301]</a> His administration opted to use what it described as "draconian measures" to control the contagion,<a href="#cite_note-304">[302]</a> and Duterte employed the military and police to enforce the public's strict adherence to quarantine and health protocols.<a href="#cite_note-305">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-306">[304]</a> As countries were scrambling in securing COVID-19 vaccines for their own citizens, Duterte called for patience amid criticism.<a href="#cite_note-AP-2021-307">[305]</a> To expedite vaccine procurement, Duterte rejected creating a committee and designated <a href="/wiki/Carlito_Galvez_Jr." title="Carlito Galvez Jr.">Carlito Galvez Jr.</a> as "vaccine czar", who had the gargantuan task of acquiring vaccines from other countries.<a href="#cite_note-308">[306]</a> Additionally, Duterte personally requested vaccines from world leaders, notably Chinese president <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> and Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-309">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-310">[308]</a> China and Russia responded favorably,<a href="#cite_note-311">[309]</a> and the Duterte administration started <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines">its vaccination program</a> on March 1, 2021, a day after receiving 600,000 <a href="/wiki/CoronaVac" title="CoronaVac">CoronaVac</a> vaccines sent by the Chinese government.<a href="#cite_note-Venzon-2021-312">[310]</a> Duterte also used the <a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93United_States_Visiting_Forces_Agreement" title="Philippines–United States Visiting Forces Agreement">US-Philippines Visiting Forces Agreement</a> as leverage in securing vaccines from the United States, threatening to scrap the military pact.<a href="#cite_note-313">[311]</a> In addition, in an apparent effort to help the Philippines gain access to US-developed vaccines, Duterte granted absolute pardon to US soldier Joseph Scott Pemberton, who was serving prison for <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jennifer_Laude" title="Killing of Jennifer Laude">killing transgender Jennifer Laude</a> in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-314">[312]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RODRIGUEZ_03042021-17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/RODRIGUEZ_03042021-17.jpg/220px-RODRIGUEZ_03042021-17.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/RODRIGUEZ_03042021-17.jpg/330px-RODRIGUEZ_03042021-17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/RODRIGUEZ_03042021-17.jpg/440px-RODRIGUEZ_03042021-17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1368" /></a><figcaption>Duterte shows an <a href="/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca">AstraZeneca</a>-developed COVID-19 vaccine vial following a ceremonial turnover in <a href="/wiki/Pasay" title="Pasay">Pasay</a> City on March 4, 2021.</figcaption></figure> At the height of the pandemic in mid-2021, the Philippines was a COVID-19 hotspot in Asia; <a href="/wiki/Vaccine_hesitancy" title="Vaccine hesitancy">vaccine hesitancy</a> was a problem, and many citizens opted to wait for Western vaccines to arrive. In exasperation, Duterte urged the public to undergo vaccination, threatening to arrest unvaccinated individuals and order local leaders to compile a list of defiant residents.<a href="#cite_note-AP-2021-307">[305]</a> In May 2021, to encourage the public that vaccines were safe, Duterte—acting on the advice of his doctor—publicly took the <a href="/wiki/Sinopharm_BIBP_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine">Sinopharm BIBP vaccine</a> before it was approved for use by the Philippine <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration_(Philippines)" title="Food and Drug Administration (Philippines)">Food and Drug Administration</a>;<a href="#cite_note-315">[313]</a> his move, however, drew criticism since the general public had access to CoronaVac vaccines, which the public majority perceived to have lower efficacy. The backlash prompted Duterte to apologize, acknowledge the possibility of the Sinopharm vaccine's multiple side effects, and decide to pull out the vaccines.<a href="#cite_note-316">[314]</a> The public's prejudice against China's CoronaVac was later revealed in a <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> 2024 report as the outcome of <a href="/wiki/ChinaAngVirus_disinformation_campaign" title="ChinaAngVirus disinformation campaign">a US government-launched covert propaganda and disinformation campaign</a> that aimed to erode the public's trust in China-developed vaccines.<a href="#cite_note-317">[315]</a> Duterte gradually relaxed quarantine restrictions to revive the economy.<a href="#cite_note-318">[316]</a> Upon leaving office, Duterte's administration secured 245 million vaccine doses; about 70.5 million individuals had been fully vaccinated.<a href="#cite_note-319">[317]</a> Over 3.7 million COVID-19 cases were recorded since the onset of the pandemic, 3.69 million people had recovered from the disease, while 8,706 active cases remained.<a href="#cite_note-320">[318]</a> Though his administration successfully reached its target of vaccinating 70% of the Philippine population,<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-BoosterSideEffects-321">[319]</a><a href="#cite_note-322">[320]</a> Duterte, along with Health Secretary <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Duque_III" title="Francisco Duque III">Francisco Duque III</a>, was implicated in <a href="/wiki/Pharmally_scandal" title="Pharmally scandal">a scandal</a> involving allegedly overpriced medical supplies and equipment. Critics highlighted that Duterte's administration purchased pandemic supplies from Pharmally Pharmaceutical, a company linked to Duterte's former economic adviser, Michael Yang. Duterte rejected the corruption allegations and emphasized that the supplies at the time of purchase were in high demand, hence, the high prices.<a href="#cite_note-323">[321]</a> A Senate probe, headed by <a href="/wiki/Senate_Blue_Ribbon_Committee" title="Senate Blue Ribbon Committee">Senate Blue Ribbon Committee</a> chairman <a href="/wiki/Richard_Gordon_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Gordon (politician)">Richard Gordon</a>, was initiated in August 2021 for alleged irregularities in the use of COVID-19 response funds amounting to ₱67 billion.<a href="#cite_note-324">[322]</a> A month before Duterte left office, Gordon released a draft report on the probe, which claimed that Duterte "betrayed public trust" for appointing Yang as economic adviser in 2018, prohibited his Cabinet and other officials from attending the hearings, and allegedly discredited the Senate and <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Audit_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission on Audit (Philippines)">Commission on Audit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-325">[323]</a> The report, however, failed to reach the Senate <a href="/wiki/Plenary_session" title="Plenary session">plenary</a> for deliberation after it was signed by nine senators out of the 11 required signatures.<a href="#cite_note-326">[324]</a><a href="#cite_note-327">[325]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Energy_and_climate">Energy and climate</h4></div> The Duterte administration initially adopted a "technology neutral" policy in energy generation.<a href="#cite_note-CNBC-EnergyBoom-328">[326]</a> Earlier in his term, Duterte stressed that <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a> remains the most viable source of energy if the Philippines is to accelerate industrialization,<a href="#cite_note-329">[327]</a> and questioned the <a href="/wiki/Sanctions_(law)" title="Sanctions (law)">sanctions</a> imposed by the United States and European Union on smaller countries including the Philippines when the country's <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">carbon footprint</a> is not significant compared to the superpowers.<a href="#cite_note-330">[328]</a> The administration shifted its energy policy to prefer <a href="/wiki/Renewable_resource" title="Renewable resource">renewable sources of energy</a> later in Duterte's term.<a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-ShiftToRenewable-331">[329]</a> At his fourth <a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">State of the Nation address</a> in July 2019, Duterte issued an order to cut coal dependence and hasten a transition to <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">renewable energy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-332">[330]</a><a href="#cite_note-333">[331]</a> In October 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Energy_(Philippines)" title="Department of Energy (Philippines)">energy department</a> issued a <a href="/wiki/Moratorium_(law)" title="Moratorium (law)">moratorium</a> on the construction of new <a href="/wiki/Coal-fired_power_station" title="Coal-fired power station">coal power plants</a> and favored renewable energy sources.<a href="#cite_note-334">[332]</a> On February 28, 2022, Duterte issued an executive order approving the inclusion of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power" title="Nuclear power">nuclear power</a> in the country's energy mix.<a href="#cite_note-335">[333]</a><a href="#cite_note-336">[334]</a> To hasten the expansion of the nation's power capacity, Duterte established the inter-agency Energy Investment Coordinating Council tasked with simplifying and streamlining the approval process of big-ticket projects.<a href="#cite_note-CNBC-EnergyBoom-328">[326]</a> On January 21, 2022, he signed a law promoting the use of <a href="/wiki/Microgrid" title="Microgrid">microgrid</a> systems in unserved and underserved areas to accelerate total electrification of the country.<a href="#cite_note-337">[335]</a> The administration made initiatives to liberalize the energy sector,<a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-ShiftToRenewable-331">[329]</a><a href="#cite_note-338">[336]</a> allowing 100% foreign ownership in large-scale <a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power" title="Geothermal power">geothermal</a> projects starting October 2020.<a href="#cite_note-339">[337]</a><a href="#cite_note-340">[338]</a> Duterte signed the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Agreement" title="Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement on Climate Change</a> in March 2017, after initially having misgivings about the deal which he says might limit the country's industrialization.<a href="#cite_note-341">[339]</a> The Agreement was ratified by the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate</a> on March 15, 2017.<a href="#cite_note-342">[340]</a> Duterte said that rich countries producing the most <a href="/wiki/Carbon_emission" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon emission">carbon emissions</a> must pay smaller countries for damage caused by <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<a href="#cite_note-343">[341]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Government_streamlining">Government streamlining</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_R._Duterte_signs_the_Freedom_of_Information_(FOI)_Executive_Order_in_Davao_(Ph2-072416-JALL1747-1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/President_Rodrigo_R._Duterte_signs_the_Freedom_of_Information_%28FOI%29_Executive_Order_in_Davao_%28Ph2-072416-JALL1747-1%29.jpg/220px-President_Rodrigo_R._Duterte_signs_the_Freedom_of_Information_%28FOI%29_Executive_Order_in_Davao_%28Ph2-072416-JALL1747-1%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/President_Rodrigo_R._Duterte_signs_the_Freedom_of_Information_%28FOI%29_Executive_Order_in_Davao_%28Ph2-072416-JALL1747-1%29.jpg/330px-President_Rodrigo_R._Duterte_signs_the_Freedom_of_Information_%28FOI%29_Executive_Order_in_Davao_%28Ph2-072416-JALL1747-1%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/President_Rodrigo_R._Duterte_signs_the_Freedom_of_Information_%28FOI%29_Executive_Order_in_Davao_%28Ph2-072416-JALL1747-1%29.jpg/440px-President_Rodrigo_R._Duterte_signs_the_Freedom_of_Information_%28FOI%29_Executive_Order_in_Davao_%28Ph2-072416-JALL1747-1%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Duterte signs the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Order_(Philippines)" title="Freedom of Information Order (Philippines)">Freedom of Information executive order</a> in <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a> on July 24, 2016.</figcaption></figure> Duterte introduced reforms to eliminate <a href="/wiki/Red_tape" title="Red tape">red tape</a> in the government,<a href="#cite_note-344">[342]</a> and ordered government agencies to remove all processes which are "redundant or burdensome" to the public.<a href="#cite_note-345">[343]</a> Three weeks after assuming office, he issued his second executive order establishing <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Order_(Philippines)" title="Freedom of Information Order (Philippines)">Freedom of Information</a>, allowing citizens to obtain documents and records from public offices under the <a href="/wiki/Executive_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive branch">executive branch</a> to promote transparency in the government.<a href="#cite_note-346">[344]</a><a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-FOISuccessRate-347">[345]</a> In May 2018, Duterte signed the Ease of Doing Business Act which aims to create a better business environment by reducing processing time, cutting bureaucratic red tape, and eliminating corrupt practices in all government agencies.<a href="#cite_note-348">[346]</a><a href="#cite_note-PIAGovPH-RA11032-349">[347]</a> In December 2020, he enacted a law authorizing the President to expedite the processing and issuance of national and local permits, licenses, and certifications, by suspending its requirements, in times of <a href="/wiki/National_emergency" class="mw-redirect" title="National emergency">national emergency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-350">[348]</a> Duterte institutionalized the <a href="/wiki/8888_(Philippines)" title="8888 (Philippines)">8888 Citizens' Complaint Hotline</a> in October 2016, allowing the public to report complaints on poor government front-line services and corrupt practices in all government agencies.<a href="#cite_note-351">[349]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Health_care">Health care</h4></div> Duterte vowed to improve the <a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_the_Philippines" title="Health care in the Philippines">health care</a> system,<a href="#cite_note-352">[350]</a><a href="#cite_note-353">[351]</a> certifying the Universal Healthcare Bill as an urgent measure as early as July 2018.<a href="#cite_note-354">[352]</a> In February 2019, he signed the Universal Health Care Act, which automatically enrolls all Filipinos under the <a href="/wiki/PhilHealth" class="mw-redirect" title="PhilHealth">government's</a> <a href="/wiki/Health_insurance" title="Health insurance">health insurance</a> program.<a href="#cite_note-355">[353]</a> He also enacted the National Integrated Cancer Control Act which establishes a "national integrated" program to control and prevent <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a> by making treatment more accessible and affordable,<a href="#cite_note-356">[354]</a><a href="#cite_note-357">[355]</a> and the Philippine Mental Health Law, which provides free <a href="/wiki/Mental_health_care_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Mental health care in the Philippines">mental health services</a> down to the <a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">barangay</a> level while requiring hospitals to provide psychiatric, psychosocial and neurologic services.<a href="#cite_note-358">[356]</a><a href="#cite_note-359">[357]</a> In December 2019, Duterte signed a law institutionalizing <a href="/wiki/Malasakit_Center" title="Malasakit Center">Malasakit Centers</a> in all hospitals run by the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_(Philippines)" title="Department of Health (Philippines)">Department of Health</a>, allowing indigent patients to efficiently access financial medical assistance from various government agencies.<a href="#cite_note-360">[358]</a> Duterte ordered the full implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Responsible_Parenthood_and_Reproductive_Health_Act_of_2012" title="Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012">Reproductive Health Law</a>,<a href="#cite_note-361">[359]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nationwide_smoking_ban_order_(Philippines)" title="Nationwide smoking ban order (Philippines)">banned smoking</a> in public places nationwide,<a href="#cite_note-362">[360]</a> and set a <a href="/wiki/Price_cap" class="mw-redirect" title="Price cap">price cap</a> on select medicines.<a href="#cite_note-363">[361]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Education">Education</h4></div> Duterte signed the <a href="/wiki/Universal_Access_to_Quality_Tertiary_Education_Act" title="Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act">Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act</a> in August 2017, providing free college education in all <a href="/wiki/State_universities_and_colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="State universities and colleges">state universities and colleges</a> nationwide.<a href="#cite_note-364">[362]</a> He signed a law establishing <a href="/wiki/Transnational_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Transnational education">transnational higher education</a> in the country, allowing foreign universities to offer degree programs in the Philippines in an effort to bring international quality standards and expertise into the country.<a href="#cite_note-365">[363]</a><a href="#cite_note-366">[364]</a> He also signed <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medical</a> <a href="/wiki/Scholarship" title="Scholarship">scholarships</a> for deserving students in state universities and colleges or partner private higher education institutions through the Doktor Para sa Bayan Act on December 23, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-367">[365]</a> Duterte approved in January 2021 a law institutionalizing the <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Learning_System_(Philippines)" title="Alternative Learning System (Philippines)">alternative learning system</a> (ALS), providing free education to those out of school.<a href="#cite_note-368">[366]</a><a href="#cite_note-369">[367]</a> In March 2022, he enacted a law granting inclusive education for learners with <a href="/wiki/Disability" title="Disability">disabilities</a>.<a href="#cite_note-370">[368]</a> On June 9, 2020, Duterte signed a law establishing the country's first <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sports_(Philippines)" title="National Academy of Sports (Philippines)">National Academy of Sports</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Clark_City" title="New Clark City">New Clark City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Capas,_Tarlac" class="mw-redirect" title="Capas, Tarlac">Capas, Tarlac</a>.<a href="#cite_note-371">[369]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of international presidential trips made by Rodrigo Duterte">List of international presidential trips made by Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meeting_of_Vladimir_Putin_with_the_President_of_the_Philippines_Rodrigo_Duterte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Meeting_of_Vladimir_Putin_with_the_President_of_the_Philippines_Rodrigo_Duterte.jpg/220px-Meeting_of_Vladimir_Putin_with_the_President_of_the_Philippines_Rodrigo_Duterte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Meeting_of_Vladimir_Putin_with_the_President_of_the_Philippines_Rodrigo_Duterte.jpg/330px-Meeting_of_Vladimir_Putin_with_the_President_of_the_Philippines_Rodrigo_Duterte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Meeting_of_Vladimir_Putin_with_the_President_of_the_Philippines_Rodrigo_Duterte.jpg/440px-Meeting_of_Vladimir_Putin_with_the_President_of_the_Philippines_Rodrigo_Duterte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>Duterte with Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, May 2017</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Prime_Minister,_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_President_of_Philippines,_Mr._Rodrigo_Duterte,_in_Manila,_Philippines_on_November_13,_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_President_of_Philippines%2C_Mr._Rodrigo_Duterte%2C_in_Manila%2C_Philippines_on_November_13%2C_2017.jpg/220px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_President_of_Philippines%2C_Mr._Rodrigo_Duterte%2C_in_Manila%2C_Philippines_on_November_13%2C_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_President_of_Philippines%2C_Mr._Rodrigo_Duterte%2C_in_Manila%2C_Philippines_on_November_13%2C_2017.jpg/330px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_President_of_Philippines%2C_Mr._Rodrigo_Duterte%2C_in_Manila%2C_Philippines_on_November_13%2C_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_President_of_Philippines%2C_Mr._Rodrigo_Duterte%2C_in_Manila%2C_Philippines_on_November_13%2C_2017.jpg/440px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_President_of_Philippines%2C_Mr._Rodrigo_Duterte%2C_in_Manila%2C_Philippines_on_November_13%2C_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1596" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Duterte with Indian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> in Manila, November 2017</figcaption></figure> The Duterte administration has vowed to pursue what it describes as an "independent foreign policy" that would reject any meddling by foreign governments, reiterating <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines#Article_2._Declaration_of_Principles_and_State_Policies" title="Constitution of the Philippines">Article II</a>, Section 7 of the 1987 Constitution which states: "The State shall pursue an independent foreign policy. In its relations with other states the paramount consideration shall be national <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Territorial_integrity" title="Territorial integrity">territorial integrity</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_interest" title="National interest">national interest</a>, and the right to <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a>." In September 2016, Duterte said: "We will observe and must insist on the time-honored principle of sovereignty, sovereign equality, non-interference and the commitment of peaceful settlements of dispute that will serve our people and protect the interests of our country."<a href="#cite_note-independent_foreign_policy2-26">[25]</a> Duterte made his first international trips as president to <a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> on September 5–9, 2016.<a href="#cite_note-372">[370]</a> Duterte pursued improved relations with <a href="/wiki/China-Philippines_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="China-Philippines relations">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philippines-Russia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippines-Russia relations">Russia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Storey-2017-373">[371]</a> and lessened the country's dependence on its traditional ally – the <a href="/wiki/Philippines-United_States_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippines-United States relations">United States</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Diplomat-ForeignPolicy-374">[372]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hendler-2018-375">[373]</a> He has adopted a cautious, pragmatic, and conciliatory stance towards China compared to his predecessor,<a href="#cite_note-376">[374]</a> and has set aside the <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Benigno Aquino III administration">previous administration's</a> confrontational policy of asserting the Philippines' <a href="/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute" title="Spratly Islands dispute">claims</a> over the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a> and its islands.<a href="#cite_note-377">[375]</a> Militant groups decry the ties between President Duterte and China over the Chinese occupation of contested waters and the reported harassment of the fishermen amidst the <a href="/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="Territorial disputes in the South China Sea">territorial disputes</a> in the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-chinaduterte42-378">[376]</a><a href="#cite_note-379">[377]</a> Also, while the United States is one of the countries critical to Philippine drug war campaign,<a href="#cite_note-380">[378]</a><a href="#cite_note-381">[379]</a><a href="#cite_note-382">[380]</a> most of the militant groups<a href="#cite_note-383">[381]</a> – particularly left-wing groups<a href="#cite_note-MilleniumPost-384">[382]</a> – also criticize Philippine-US relations due to the United States' "<a href="/wiki/American_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="American imperialism">imperialism</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MilleniumPost-384">[382]</a><a href="#cite_note-385">[383]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neoliberalism" title="Neoliberalism">neoliberal</a> policies.<a href="#cite_note-386">[384]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administration_and_cabinet">Administration and cabinet</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_administration_members_in_the_presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of administration members in the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">List of administration members in the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_the_29th_Cabinet_Meeting_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_September_11,_2018._03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_the_29th_Cabinet_Meeting_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_September_11%2C_2018._03.jpg/220px-President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_the_29th_Cabinet_Meeting_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_September_11%2C_2018._03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_the_29th_Cabinet_Meeting_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_September_11%2C_2018._03.jpg/330px-President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_the_29th_Cabinet_Meeting_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_September_11%2C_2018._03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_the_29th_Cabinet_Meeting_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_September_11%2C_2018._03.jpg/440px-President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_presides_over_the_29th_Cabinet_Meeting_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_on_September_11%2C_2018._03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Duterte presides over the 29th Cabinet Meeting at the Malacañang Palace on September 11, 2018.</figcaption></figure> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This paragraph is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte#Administration_and_cabinet" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte § Administration and cabinet</a>.[<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt"> On May 31, 2016, a few weeks before his presidential inauguration, Duterte named his <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Philippines" title="Cabinet of the Philippines">Cabinet</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_Inquirer-DuterteNamesCabinet-387">[385]</a> which consisted of former military generals, childhood friends, classmates, and <a href="/wiki/Leftist" class="mw-redirect" title="Leftist">leftist</a> politicians.<a href="#cite_note-388">[386]</a> Following his presidential inauguration, he administered a mass oath-taking for his Cabinet officials, and held his first Cabinet meeting on June 30.<a href="#cite_note-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_PhilStar-CabinetTakesOath-389">[387]</a><a href="#cite_note-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_RTVM-CabinetMassOathTaking-390">[388]</a> He appointed his long-time personal aide <a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a> as <a href="/wiki/Special_Assistant_to_the_President_(Philippines)" title="Special Assistant to the President (Philippines)">Special Assistant to the President</a> to provide general supervision to the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Management_Staff_(Philippines)" title="Presidential Management Staff (Philippines)">Presidential Management Staff</a>.<a href="#cite_note-391">[389]</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022_Philippine_presidential_election">2022 Philippine presidential election</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_dela_Rosa_and_Bong_Go_2022_presidential_campaigns" title="Ronald dela Rosa and Bong Go 2022 presidential campaigns">Ronald dela Rosa and Bong Go 2022 presidential campaigns</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senator_Bong_Go_files_his_COC_for_VP_with_President_Duterte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Senator_Bong_Go_files_his_COC_for_VP_with_President_Duterte.jpg/220px-Senator_Bong_Go_files_his_COC_for_VP_with_President_Duterte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Senator_Bong_Go_files_his_COC_for_VP_with_President_Duterte.jpg/330px-Senator_Bong_Go_files_his_COC_for_VP_with_President_Duterte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Senator_Bong_Go_files_his_COC_for_VP_with_President_Duterte.jpg/440px-Senator_Bong_Go_files_his_COC_for_VP_with_President_Duterte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2595" data-file-height="1634" /></a><figcaption>Duterte (left) endorses <a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a>, who filed his certificate of candidacy for vice president on October 2, 2021.</figcaption></figure> Initially stating that he "sees nobody deserving" to replace him as the next president,<a href="#cite_note-392">[390]</a> Duterte in August 2021 announced he would run for vice president in the upcoming <a href="/wiki/2022_Philippine_general_election" title="2022 Philippine general election">2022 national elections</a>,<a href="#cite_note-393">[391]</a> drawing suspicions from critics that he would extend his term.<a href="#cite_note-394">[392]</a><a href="#cite_note-395">[393]</a> Duterte's political party, the PDP–Laban Cusi faction, named its <a href="/wiki/Standard_bearer" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard bearer">standard bearer</a>: former <a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Police" title="Philippine National Police">Philippine National Police</a> chief and Senator <a href="/wiki/Ronald_dela_Rosa" title="Ronald dela Rosa">Ronald dela Rosa</a>,<a href="#cite_note-396">[394]</a> who was widely suspected to be a placeholder for Duterte's daughter, Davao City mayor <a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara</a>.<a href="#cite_note-397">[395]</a> Duterte later withdrew his candidacy, announced his retirement from politics, and had his long-time aide, Senator <a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a>, substitute him.<a href="#cite_note-398">[396]</a> Despite polls showing she was the preferred candidate for presidency, Sara unexpectedly decided to settle for the vice presidential race.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-ShowOfDismay-399">[397]</a> This prompted dela Rosa to withdraw his candidacy, which Go would later fill in.<a href="#cite_note-400">[398]</a> Sara's move had Duterte dismayed and he initially retracted his planned retirement, announcing he would run for vice president.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-ShowOfDismay-399">[397]</a> Ultimately, he decided not to face his daughter, endorsed a Go-Sara tandem, and declared his intent on running as Senator.<a href="#cite_note-401">[399]</a><a href="#cite_note-402">[400]</a> In an unexpected turn of events, Sara decided <a href="/wiki/UniTeam_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="UniTeam Alliance">to run in tandem</a> with <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a>, who announced his presidential candidacy.<a href="#cite_note-403">[401]</a> Stating his heart and mind contradicted his actions, Go later withdrew his presidential candidacy;<a href="#cite_note-404">[402]</a> shortly after, Duterte officially withdrew his senate bid.<a href="#cite_note-405">[403]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_3" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm/220px--President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="358" data-mwtitle="President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APresident_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APresident_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_November_2021_describes_presidential_candidate_Bongbong_Marcos_as_a_cocaine_user_and_weak_leader.webm&lang=tl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tl" label="Tagalog ‪(tl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video><figcaption>Duterte in November 2021 describes presidential aspirant <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">cocaine</a> user and "very weak leader".<a href="#cite_note-406">[404]</a></figcaption></figure> Due to his high popularity, Duterte remained influential before the national elections as several presidential candidates were open to his endorsement.<a href="#cite_note-407">[405]</a><a href="#cite_note-408">[406]</a><a href="#cite_note-409">[407]</a> As the Cusi faction was left without a standard bearer following Go's withdrawal, allies of Duterte endorsed different candidates. The Cusi faction eventually endorsed presidential candidate Marcos and some officials called for Duterte to do the same.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-PDPLabanEndorse-410">[408]</a><a href="#cite_note-411">[409]</a> Stressing he would remain neutral, Duterte refused to heed their calls and insisted on endorsing only Sara as vice president and 17 senatorial candidates.<a href="#cite_note-412">[410]</a><a href="#cite_note-413">[411]</a> Additionally, in an effort to protect their integrity, Duterte barred his Cabinet members from campaigning for any candidate.<a href="#cite_note-MB-CabinetBannedCampaigning-414">[412]</a><a href="#cite_note-415">[413]</a> Despite non-endorsement, Duterte hinted on the next president's preferred qualities: decisive, compassionate, a good judge of a person, and preferably, a lawyer;<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-PDPLabanEndorse-410">[408]</a> this led a PDP-Laban official to believe Duterte gave a "virtual endorsement" for Vice President <a href="/wiki/Leni_Robredo" title="Leni Robredo">Leni Robredo</a>, who was Marcos' chief rival in the presidential race.<a href="#cite_note-416">[414]</a> In March 2022, Go said Duterte briefly met with Marcos and gave him advice on the presidency, but could not say whether Duterte gave Marcos an endorsement.<a href="#cite_note-417">[415]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-PDPLabanEndorse-410">[408]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sara_Duterte_oath_taking_6.19.22_(5).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sara_Duterte_oath_taking_6.19.22_%285%29.jpg/220px-Sara_Duterte_oath_taking_6.19.22_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sara_Duterte_oath_taking_6.19.22_%285%29.jpg/330px-Sara_Duterte_oath_taking_6.19.22_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sara_Duterte_oath_taking_6.19.22_%285%29.jpg/440px-Sara_Duterte_oath_taking_6.19.22_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="958" /></a><figcaption>Duterte (right) witnesses <a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara</a>'s oath of office as vice president in Davao City on June 19, 2022.</figcaption></figure> By May 5, 2022, Duterte created <a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Bongbong_Marcos#Duterte's_transition_committee" title="Presidential transition of Bongbong Marcos">a transition committee</a> led by Executive Secretary <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Medialdea" title="Salvador Medialdea">Salvador Medialdea</a> to oversee the transition of power to the next administration.<a href="#cite_note-418">[416]</a> Several analysts believe Duterte had his popularity "inherited" by Marcos and Sara, who both won <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslides</a> in the election.<a href="#cite_note-ABSCBN-DutertePopularity-419">[417]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impeachment_efforts">Impeachment efforts</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Efforts to impeach Rodrigo Duterte">Efforts to impeach Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte#Impeachment_attempt" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte § Impeachment attempt</a>.[<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt"> On March 16, 2017, opposition politician Gary Alejano filed an impeachment complaint against Duterte citing thousands of deaths in Duterte's <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Drug War">anti-drug campaign</a>, alleged leadership of vigilante group <a href="/wiki/Davao_Death_Squad" title="Davao Death Squad">Davao Death Squad</a>, and allegations of graft and corruption.<a href="#cite_note-420">[418]</a><a href="#cite_note-421">[419]</a> Alejano, on March 30, filed a supplemental complaint over Duterte's alleged inaction and "defeatist stance" in the South China Sea, <a href="/wiki/Scarborough_Shoal" title="Scarborough Shoal">Scarborough Shoal</a>, and Benham Rise.<a href="#cite_note-422">[420]</a><a href="#cite_note-423">[421]</a> On May 15, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of Philippine House of Representatives committees">House Justice Committee</a> officially dismissed the charge by unanimous vote due to insufficient evidence after Alejano said he had no personal knowledge of the alleged offenses, having based his impeachment complaint on news reports and witness testimonies.<a href="#cite_note-424">[422]</a><a href="#cite_note-425">[423]</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-presidency_(2022–present)">Post-presidency (2022–present)</h2></div> At the end of his presidency, Duterte returned to Davao City and kept a low profile.<a href="#cite_note-426">[424]</a><a href="#cite_note-PublicusAsia-TopsVoters-427">[425]</a> Former President <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo</a>, a political ally of Duterte, convinced him in September 2023 to actively participate in the Philippine political landscape.<a href="#cite_note-428">[426]</a> In January 2023, Duterte resumed hosting his weekly show, <a href="/wiki/Mula_sa_Masa,_Para_sa_Masa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mula sa Masa, Para sa Masa">Gikan sa Masa, Para sa Masa</a> (From the Masses, For The Masses), on <a href="/wiki/Sonshine_Media_Network_International" title="Sonshine Media Network International">SMNI</a>; co-hosted by Duterte's friend and spiritual adviser Pastor <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Quiboloy" title="Apollo Quiboloy">Apollo Quiboloy</a>, Duterte would speak about current political issues besetting the country.<a href="#cite_note-SunStar-GikanSaMasa-429">[427]</a> Some of Duterte's strong statements in the show, such as his opposition to the expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Defense_Cooperation_Agreement" title="Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement">Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement</a> (EDCA) sites in the Philippines, attracted attention and were covered by the media.<a href="#cite_note-430">[428]</a><a href="#cite_note-431">[429]</a><a href="#cite_note-432">[430]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2023_visit_to_China">2023 visit to China</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Bongbong_Marcos_meets_former_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Malaca%C3%B1ang_on_August_2,_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/President_Bongbong_Marcos_meets_former_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Malaca%C3%B1ang_on_August_2%2C_2023.jpg/220px-President_Bongbong_Marcos_meets_former_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Malaca%C3%B1ang_on_August_2%2C_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/President_Bongbong_Marcos_meets_former_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Malaca%C3%B1ang_on_August_2%2C_2023.jpg/330px-President_Bongbong_Marcos_meets_former_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Malaca%C3%B1ang_on_August_2%2C_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/President_Bongbong_Marcos_meets_former_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Malaca%C3%B1ang_on_August_2%2C_2023.jpg/440px-President_Bongbong_Marcos_meets_former_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Malaca%C3%B1ang_on_August_2%2C_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="898" /></a><figcaption>Duterte and President Bongbong Marcos meet in <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace">Malacañang Palace</a> on August 2, 2023.</figcaption></figure> In July 2023, amid <a href="/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="Territorial disputes in the South China Sea">escalating tensions in the South China Sea</a>, Chinese President <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> invited Duterte to Beijing. During the meeting, Xi asked Duterte to "play an important role" in improving Philippine-China relations, which were rapidly deteriorating under the Marcos administration that sought to gravitate towards the United States by expanding the number of bases American troops can access under the EDCA.<a href="#cite_note-433">[431]</a> As the meeting did not involve the Marcos administration, the event gained much attention, and the administration wanted details of the Xi-Duterte discussion.<a href="#cite_note-434">[432]</a><a href="#cite_note-435">[433]</a> Duterte visited Malacanang Palace later and, in a closed-door session, discussed the matter with Marcos, though no further details were provided to the media.<a href="#cite_note-436">[434]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feud_with_the_House_and_Marcos-Duterte_rift">Feud with the House and Marcos-Duterte rift</h3></div> A rift between the Duterte and Marcos families had begun under <a href="/wiki/House_Speaker_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="House Speaker of the Philippines">House Speaker</a> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Romualdez" title="Martin Romualdez">Martin Romualdez</a>' leadership.<a href="#cite_note-437">[435]</a> In the House of Representatives, unconfirmed reports of Deputy House Speaker Gloria-Macapagal Arroyo allegedly attempting to unseat Romualdez as House Speaker circulated. Despite Arroyo dismissing the accusations, Arroyo was later demoted by the House from her senior deputy Speaker position.<a href="#cite_note-438">[436]</a><a href="#cite_note-439">[437]</a> Duterte's daughter, Vice President and Education Secretary Sara, subsequently resigned from the Romualdez-led <a href="/wiki/Lakas-CMD" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakas-CMD">Lakas-CMD</a><a href="#cite_note-440">[438]</a> and, in a veiled reference to Romualdez, called him a "tambaloslos".<a href="#cite_note-441">[439]</a> In October 2023, Sara requested Congress for the allocation of confidential funds for the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Office of the Vice President of the Philippines">office of the vice president</a> (OVP) and the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Education_(Philippines)" title="Department of Education (Philippines)">education department</a> which can be used for the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps_(Philippines)" title="Reserve Officers' Training Corps (Philippines)">Reserve Officers' Training Corps</a> program. Her requests came under intense scrutiny by the Senate and also the House, which was dominated by Romualdez' allies. Congress ultimately rejected her appeals<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-SaraConfidentialFunds-442">[440]</a> while swiftly approving the confidential funds of the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the President (Philippines)">Office of the President</a>;<a href="#cite_note-443">[441]</a> Sara eventually dropped her requests, reasoning that the move was being "divisive".<a href="#cite_note-VPGivesUpFunds-444">[442]</a> In the aftermath of events, Duterte criticized the House<a href="#cite_note-445">[443]</a> for denying his daughter's confidential funds; alleging a collusion between Romualdez and the left-wing <a href="/wiki/Makabayan" title="Makabayan">Makabayan</a> bloc,<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-SaraConfidentialFunds-442">[440]</a> he demanded an <a href="/wiki/Audit" title="Audit">audit</a> of the House under Romualdez.<a href="#cite_note-446">[444]</a> Duterte's comments offended some House members<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-HouseFinds-447">[445]</a> including Romualdez,<a href="#cite_note-448">[446]</a> prompting the House to issue a loyalty check <a href="/wiki/Resolution_(law)" title="Resolution (law)">resolution</a> in support of Romualdez; Duterte's political allies, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo and Congressman <a href="/wiki/Isidro_Ungab" title="Isidro Ungab">Isidro Ungab</a>, were later expelled by the House from their Deputy House Speaker positions for failing to sign the House resolution.<a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-MoreTectonicShifts-449">[447]</a> Several House members also pledged support for Romualdez,<a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-MoreTectonicShifts-449">[447]</a> including a majority of members of Duterte's political party, <a href="/wiki/PDP-Laban" class="mw-redirect" title="PDP-Laban">PDP-Laban</a>, who <a href="/wiki/Party_switching" title="Party switching">switched parties</a> mostly to the Romualdez-led <a href="/wiki/Lakas-CMD" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakas-CMD">Lakas-CMD</a>.<a href="#cite_note-450">[448]</a><a href="#cite_note-451">[449]</a> After <a href="/wiki/ACT_Teachers_Partylist" class="mw-redirect" title="ACT Teachers Partylist">ACT Teachers</a> Representative <a href="/wiki/France_Castro" title="France Castro">France Castro</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Makabayan_Bloc" class="mw-redirect" title="Makabayan Bloc">Makabayan Bloc</a> pushed to remove the OVP and education department's confidential funds, Duterte urged Sara to reveal the use of such funds, which included the supposed killing of communists such as Castro.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-HouseFinds-447">[445]</a> In response, Castro filed a legal case against Duterte for labeling her as a communist rebel and allegedly threatening her life;<a href="#cite_note-452">[450]</a> Castro's legal case was later denied by the Quezon City Prosecutor’s Office due to insufficient evidence.<a href="#cite_note-453">[451]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SMNI_suspension_and_ICC_investigation">SMNI suspension and ICC investigation</h3></div> Despite sustained domestic popularity,<a href="#cite_note-ManilaTimes-Tops2025SenateBets-454">[452]</a><a href="#cite_note-PublicusAsia-Pahayag-455">[453]</a> Duterte found himself increasingly politically isolated. SMNI, which hosted his talk show <a href="/wiki/Gikan_sa_Masa,_Para_sa_Masa" class="mw-redirect" title="Gikan sa Masa, Para sa Masa">Gikan sa Masa, Para sa Masa</a>, was later suspended (first for 30 days,<a href="#cite_note-456">[454]</a> and later indefinitely)<a href="#cite_note-457">[455]</a> by the <a href="/wiki/National_Telecommunications_Commission" title="National Telecommunications Commission">National Telecommunications Commission</a> on grounds of alleged dissemination of fake information.<a href="#cite_note-458">[456]</a> Gikan was also suspended after ACT Teachers Representative France Castro filed a complaint against Duterte for allegedly threatening her life during one of the shows.<a href="#cite_note-459">[457]</a> Duterte initially intended to speak to Marcos about the SMNI suspension issue as it has affected his talk show,<a href="#cite_note-460">[458]</a> decrying the suspension as <a href="/wiki/Censorship" title="Censorship">censorship</a>.<a href="#cite_note-461">[459]</a> Additionally, the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal Party</a>, who opposed Marcos' 2022 presidential campaign, were increasingly silent in criticizing the Marcos administration, instead, directing criticism at Duterte and his daughter, Vice President Sara.<a href="#cite_note-462">[460]</a> Duterte and his former aide, Senator <a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a>, also faced alleged plunder charges initiated in July 2024 by Duterte's staunch critic, former Senator Antonio Trillanes.<a href="#cite_note-463">[461]</a> The Marcos administration also was seen as altering its stance, albeit discreetly, on controversial issues hounding Duterte.<a href="#cite_note-Politiko-IsangSalita-230">[228]</a> Despite Marcos' early assurance of the Philippines' non-cooperation on the looming <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> (ICC) investigation on Duterte's war on drugs, conflicting statements and moves by House Speaker Romualdez,<a href="#cite_note-464">[462]</a> the House,<a href="#cite_note-465">[463]</a> Marcos' Justice Secretary <a href="/wiki/Crispin_Remulla" class="mw-redirect" title="Crispin Remulla">Crispin Remulla</a> and Solicitor General <a href="/wiki/Menardo_Guevarra" title="Menardo Guevarra">Menardo Guevarra</a> muddled the administration's official stance.<a href="#cite_note-Bolledo-2023-231">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-466">[464]</a> In addition, Marcos limited his position on the matter through oral statements and avoided issuing an executive order formalizing his stance.<a href="#cite_note-Politiko-IsangSalita-230">[228]</a> There were also unconfirmed reports, including by former Senator Antonio Trillanes, stating that ICC members had already entered the Philippines and were already secretly conducting the investigation.<a href="#cite_note-467">[465]</a> A House probe initiated in April 2024 by Romualdez into a "status quo" agreement in the South China Sea Duterte made during his presidency with Chinese president Xi Jinping was also seen as a "political payback" to Duterte's verbal attacks on Marcos and diminish Duterte's political influence ahead of the 2025 midterm elections.<a href="#cite_note-468">[466]</a> Amidst growing isolation, Duterte found allies who were previously loyal to Marcos. Among them were Marcos' longtime lawyer, <a href="/wiki/Vic_Rodriguez_(lawyer)" title="Vic Rodriguez (lawyer)">Vic Rodriguez</a>, who served as executive secretary in Marcos' first 79 days before resigning;<a href="#cite_note-469">[467]</a> and Marcos' sister, Senator <a href="/wiki/Imee_Marcos" title="Imee Marcos">Imee Marcos</a>.<a href="#cite_note-470">[468]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Quiboloy's_arrest_order_and_Duterte_as_KOJC_administrator">Quiboloy's arrest order and Duterte as KOJC administrator</h3></div> On March 9, 2024, Duterte's longtime friend and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jesus_Christ_(church)" title="Kingdom of Jesus Christ (church)">Kingdom of Jesus Christ</a> leader, Pastor <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Quiboloy" title="Apollo Quiboloy">Apollo Quiboloy</a>, was ordered arrested by the United States <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> after his conviction by a US District Court for alleged cases of sex trafficking, rape, fraud, and cash smuggling.<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-PropertyAdmin-471">[469]</a> No <a href="/wiki/Extradition" title="Extradition">extradition</a> request was received by the Marcos administration for Quiboloy's arrest,<a href="#cite_note-472">[470]</a> although a probe in the Senate was previously initiated on January 23 by Liberal Party ally, Senator Risa Hontiveros, who invited Quiboloy to attend the hearings.<a href="#cite_note-473">[471]</a> Quiboloy demanded a fair trial as a requirement to attend,<a href="#cite_note-474">[472]</a> though this was rebuked by Hontiveros and Marcos.<a href="#cite_note-475">[473]</a><a href="#cite_note-476">[474]</a> Claiming his life was under threat through what he described as a connivance between Marcos and the US government,<a href="#cite_note-477">[475]</a> Quiboloy went into hiding and designated Duterte as administrator of his ministry's properties.<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-PropertyAdmin-471">[469]</a> After Quiboloy refused to attend the hearings, Hontiveros cited him in contempt and recommended the Senate President to order his arrest.<a href="#cite_note-478">[476]</a> Arrest orders for Quiboloy were issued by the Pasig Regional Trial Court despite the efforts of Senators <a href="/wiki/Robin_Padilla" title="Robin Padilla">Robin Padilla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Villar" title="Cynthia Villar">Cynthia Villar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a> to oppose the move.<a href="#cite_note-479">[477]</a><a href="#cite_note-480">[478]</a> Four separate raids were eventually held in Quiboloy's properties in Davao City;<a href="#cite_note-481">[479]</a> though Quiboloy was not found,<a href="#cite_note-482">[480]</a> the raids were criticized by Duterte and his allies for its "excessive [and] unnecessary force" involving several units of police and military personnel "in full battle gear".<a href="#cite_note-483">[481]</a><a href="#cite_note-484">[482]</a><a href="#cite_note-485">[483]</a> KOJC members gathered in a rally in <a href="/wiki/Liwasang_Bonifacio" title="Liwasang Bonifacio">Liwasang Bonifacio</a> calling for justice for Quiboloy.<a href="#cite_note-486">[484]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Hakbang_ng_Maisug"_rallies">"Hakbang ng Maisug" rallies</h3></div> Additional nationwide protests, called Hakbang ng Maisug (brave) prayer rallies, were held in <a href="/wiki/Dumaguete" title="Dumaguete">Dumaguete</a>,<a href="#cite_note-487">[485]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tagum" title="Tagum">Tagum</a>,<a href="#cite_note-SunStar-MaisugTagum-488">[486]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Angeles,_Pampanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Angeles, Pampanga">Angeles</a><a href="#cite_note-489">[487]</a> by Duterte and Quiboloy's supporters, who voiced their grievances against the Marcos administration. Particularly among these grievances included their opposition to <a href="/wiki/2024_constitutional_reform_attempts_in_the_Philippines" title="2024 constitutional reform attempts in the Philippines">proposed constitutional amendments</a><a href="#cite_note-SunStar-MaisugTagum-488">[486]</a> and to the increased US military presence in the country,<a href="#cite_note-490">[488]</a> as well as denouncement of perceived censorship under the administration.<a href="#cite_note-MB-GovtLimited-491">[489]</a> In one of the rallies, Duterte notably accused Marcos of plotting to extend his term beyond the current term limit of the Constitution and of being a drug addict, to which Marcos responded by alleging Duterte's previous use of <a href="/wiki/Fentanyl" title="Fentanyl">fentanyl</a> as painkiller impaired his judgment;<a href="#cite_note-Rappler-492">[490]</a> Duterte later dared Marcos to undergo a drug test with him at Luneta Park.<a href="#cite_note-Rappler-492">[490]</a> Frustrated on the administration's use of taxpayers' money,<a href="#cite_note-493">[491]</a> Duterte initially revived calls advocated by former House Speaker <a href="/wiki/Pantaleon_Alvarez" title="Pantaleon Alvarez">Pantaleon Alvarez</a> for <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a> to <a href="/wiki/Secede" class="mw-redirect" title="Secede">secede</a> from the Philippines;<a href="#cite_note-494">[492]</a><a href="#cite_note-495">[493]</a> his calls drew disapproval from several lawmakers and former Muslim rebels,<a href="#cite_note-496">[494]</a> prompting Duterte to later retract his calls, saying he only wanted "a better deal for Mindanao".<a href="#cite_note-497">[495]</a> Despite success in holding some rallies, a few suffered setbacks and cancellations after the rally venues were allegedly blocked by the Marcos administration,<a href="#cite_note-498">[496]</a> drawing condemnation from Duterte and his allies.<a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-SlamsDeliberate-499">[497]</a><a href="#cite_note-MB-GovtLimited-491">[489]</a> Despite his criticisms against Marcos, Duterte clarified the prayer rallies were not meant to overthrow the administration<a href="#cite_note-MB-GovtLimited-491">[489]</a> but warned Marcos of extending his six-year term, reminding Marcos of <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">his father's fate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-500">[498]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2025_elections">2025 elections</h3></div> On October 5, 2024, Duterte announced that he will run for <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">mayor of Davao City</a>, with his son, incumbent Mayor <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Duterte" title="Sebastian Duterte">Sebastian Duterte</a>, as his running mate for vice mayor in <a href="/wiki/2025_Philippine_general_election" title="2025 Philippine general election">2025</a>. He also rejected calls for him to run for senator, citing his old age.<a href="#cite_note-501">[499]</a> Duterte officially filed his candidacy on October 7;<a href="#cite_note-502">[500]</a> however, on November 7, he welcomed the candidacy of his former cabinet secretary, former <a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Service Commission">Civil Service Commission</a> chairperson <a href="/wiki/Karlo_Nograles" title="Karlo Nograles">Karlo Nograles</a> as Davao City mayor, adding he is retired and wishes to give the position to the next generation.<a href="#cite_note-503">[501]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_and_Senate_probe_into_the_War_on_Drugs">House and Senate probe into the War on Drugs</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_4" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm/304px--thumbnail.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="304" height="171" data-durationhint="139" data-mwtitle="Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte's_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28,_2024.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28,_2024.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm/Excerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AExcerpt_of_former_president_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_opening_statement_during_the_hearing_of_the_Subcommittee_on_the_Philippine_War_on_Illegal_Drugs_on_October_28%2C_2024.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video><figcaption>Duterte takes "full, legal responsibility" for the actions of the police who he said merely followed his orders, during the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Blue_Ribbon_Committee" title="Senate Blue Ribbon Committee">Senate Blue Ribbon Committee</a> hearing on October 28, 2024.<a href="#cite_note-504">[502]</a></figcaption></figure> In October 2024, the House quad committee led an investigation into the supposed use of intelligence funds to fund an alleged "reward system" for police involved in drug-related extrajudicial killings that occurred during Duterte's presidency. Among the witnesses in the House probe was former <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Charity_Sweepstakes_Office" title="Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office">Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office</a> general manager and retired Police Colonel <a href="/wiki/Royina_Garma" title="Royina Garma">Royina Garma</a>, who accused Duterte of wanting to apply his Davao model approach of the war on drugs on a national scale. Senators <a href="/wiki/Ronald_dela_Rosa" title="Ronald dela Rosa">Ronald dela Rosa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a>, dismissing the reward money claims as baseless accusations and hearsay, launched a parallel probe in the Senate to "find out the truth".<a href="#cite_note-505">[503]</a><a href="#cite_note-506">[504]</a> Responding to the Senate invitation, Duterte attended the Senate probe into his campaign against illegal drugs. During the session, Duterte admitted to using a "death squad" to combat crime as Davao mayor, but denied directing extrajudicial killings in his national drug war, now being examined by the ICC.<a href="#cite_note-WashingtonTimes-2024-507">[505]</a> He further noted the resumption of activities of drug dealers and criminals after he stepped down from presidency, telling them "If I'm given another chance, I'll wipe all of you".<a href="#cite_note-WashingtonTimes-2024-507">[505]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">My mandate as president of the republic was to protect the country and the Filipino people. Do not question my policies because I offer no apologies, no excuses. I did what I had to do.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Duterte, October 28, 2024<a href="#cite_note-508">[506]</a></cite></div></blockquote> Duterte accepted an invitation to the House quad committee hearing on November 13. During the hearing, he reiterated the tough but necessary decisions he took in his anti-drug campaign. He further said he was not scared of the ICC and expressed impatience for the ICC's investigation, saying "I am already old, I might die soon. You might miss the pleasure of seeing me standing before the court hearing the judgement whatever it is". In a significant reversal of position, Marcos' executive secretary <a href="/wiki/Lucas_Bersamin" title="Lucas Bersamin">Lucas Bersamin</a> later stated the Marcos administration "will feel obliged to consider" a <a href="/wiki/Red_notice" class="mw-redirect" title="Red notice">red notice</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a> for Duterte should it be issued.<a href="#cite_note-509">[507]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impeachment_of_Sara_Duterte">Impeachment of Sara Duterte</h3></div> In December 2024, Duterte offered to join the defense team of his daughter, Vice President <a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a>, against her <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Sara_Duterte" title="Impeachment of Sara Duterte">impeachment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-510">[508]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_image">Public image</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_meets_with_Filipino_community_in_Indonesia_during_his_working_visit_in_the_country_on_September_9_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_meets_with_Filipino_community_in_Indonesia_during_his_working_visit_in_the_country_on_September_9_%283%29.jpg/220px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_meets_with_Filipino_community_in_Indonesia_during_his_working_visit_in_the_country_on_September_9_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_meets_with_Filipino_community_in_Indonesia_during_his_working_visit_in_the_country_on_September_9_%283%29.jpg/330px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_meets_with_Filipino_community_in_Indonesia_during_his_working_visit_in_the_country_on_September_9_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_meets_with_Filipino_community_in_Indonesia_during_his_working_visit_in_the_country_on_September_9_%283%29.jpg/440px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_meets_with_Filipino_community_in_Indonesia_during_his_working_visit_in_the_country_on_September_9_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Duterte meets with the <a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Indonesia" title="Filipinos in Indonesia">Filipino community</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, September 9, 2016.</figcaption></figure> Ardent supporters of Duterte have been labeled as "<a href="/wiki/Diehard_Duterte_Supporters" title="Diehard Duterte Supporters">Diehard Duterte Supporters</a>", alternatively known as "Digong Duterte Supporters", which shares the acronym with the <a href="/wiki/Davao_Death_Squad" title="Davao Death Squad">Davao Death Squad</a> (DDS).<a href="#cite_note-511">[509]</a> This label has been applied to the 16 million people who voted for him in the 2016 presidential election.<a href="#cite_note-512">[510]</a> Duterte developed a reputation as a "protector" and "savior" in his hometown of <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a> as mayor of the city for more than two decades. This is despite reports of death squads in the city.<a href="#cite_note-vox-513">[511]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Donald_Trump_and_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Manila.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Donald_Trump_and_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Manila.jpg/220px-Donald_Trump_and_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Manila.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Donald_Trump_and_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Manila.jpg/330px-Donald_Trump_and_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Manila.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Donald_Trump_and_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Manila.jpg/440px-Donald_Trump_and_Rodrigo_Duterte_in_Manila.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Duterte with US President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pasay" title="Pasay">Pasay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a>, November 2017</figcaption></figure> Duterte has been described as a <a href="/wiki/Populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Populist">populist</a>, with his foul-mouthed remarks against the country's elite which positioned him as a "man of the people" and was critical to his victory in the 2016 presidential election.<a href="#cite_note-514">[512]</a> He has also been compared to <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> for his rhetorical style.<a href="#cite_note-vox-513">[511]</a> Duterte and his administration have been criticized for his anti-drug campaign, foreign policies, human rights record, extrajudicial killings during his term, political views, and controversial comments.<a href="#cite_note-515">[513]</a><a href="#cite_note-516">[514]</a> Despite the criticisms on his administration, throughout his career, Duterte's remained hugely popular, attributed to his man-of-the-people style and a perception of strong leadership and success in fighting crime and corruption, while opponents reproach him for his authoritarian style and low tolerance of dissent.<a href="#cite_note-517">[515]</a> Analysts attribute his continued popularity to his emotional connection to the public, citing his charisma and humor, tough-talking manner, his image as a father figure as Tatay Digong (Father Digong), and Filipinos' general interest in strong leaders.<a href="#cite_note-Rappler-TatayDigong-518">[516]</a><a href="#cite_note-BusinessWorld-TatayDigong-519">[517]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Social_Weather_Stations" title="Social Weather Stations">Social Weather Stations</a> study concluded that there are multiple reasons for Duterte's high satisfaction ratings in surveys; these include his strong <a href="/wiki/Political_base" title="Political base">base support</a>, satisfaction with the administration's overall governance (pamamalakad) and with some policy issues which include helping the poor and the drug war, and his character. Poll respondents who relate to or are attracted to some aspects of his character, such as his perceived decisiveness and diligence tend to be satisfied. On the other hand, those who feel he is vulgar (bastos) tend to be less satisfied.<a href="#cite_note-SWS-DuterteSpecialReport-520">[518]</a> Despite keeping a low profile during his post-presidency, Duterte retained his popularity, topping four consecutive surveys conducted separately in March,<a href="#cite_note-PublicusAsia-TopsVoters-427">[425]</a> June,<a href="#cite_note-ManilaTimes-Tops2025SenateBets-454">[452]</a> September,<a href="#cite_note-521">[519]</a> and December 2023 by PUBLiCUS Asia on the voting disposition for 2025 Philippine Senate election.<a href="#cite_note-PublicusAsia-Pahayag-455">[453]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversial_remarks_and_human_rights_concerns">Controversial remarks and human rights concerns</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Protests against Rodrigo Duterte">Protests against Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> Duterte's record on human rights and his long history of comments that have widely been considered to be offensive, provocative, threatening, and undiplomatic have received sharp international criticism. He has been portrayed by his critics in the media as having a "dirty mouth".<a href="#cite_note-522">[520]</a> He had, however, promised to behave in a "prim and proper" manner on the national and international stage once he was to be inaugurated as president, to the point that, "almost, I would become holy."<a href="#cite_note-523">[521]</a> Throughout his presidency, Duterte has made controversial comments about rape,<a href="#cite_note-524">[522]</a><a href="#cite_note-525">[523]</a><a href="#cite_note-526">[524]</a> human rights, his views on media killings,<a href="#cite_note-Reuters-Denounced-527">[525]</a> and has used slurs;<a href="#cite_note-Croucher-2019-528">[526]</a><a href="#cite_note-529">[527]</a> he has also made controversial statements to international leaders and institutions.<a href="#cite_note-XinhuaNet-530">[528]</a><a href="#cite_note-531">[529]</a> He has also repeatedly criticized the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_Philippines" title="Catholic Church in the Philippines">Catholic Church</a> which has expressed alarm over deaths linked to the war on drugs.<a href="#cite_note-532">[530]</a><a href="#cite_note-anticleric-533">[531]</a><a href="#cite_note-church-534">[532]</a><a href="#cite_note-535">[533]</a> <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> (HRW) called the first year of Duterte in office a "human rights calamity". HRW estimates that there has been 7,000 deaths from the day Duterte first took office to January 2017.<a href="#cite_note-536">[534]</a> The Duterte administration suspended the drug war in February 2017 in an effort to cleanse the police ranks of supposed corruption, also halting the disclosure of figures on deaths related to drug arrests and raids.<a href="#cite_note-537">[535]</a> In March 2017, HRW released a special investigation and report on the state of police related shooting, titled "License To Kill".<a href="#cite_note-538">[536]</a> The New York Times had also released a video documentary "When A President Says I'll Kill You", which depicts Duterte's war on drugs through a local photographer's eyes.<a href="#cite_note-539">[537]</a> On August 17, 2017, HRW called Duterte a threat to the human rights community after he made threats against human rights activists.<a href="#cite_note-540">[538]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporters">Supporters</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mocha_Uson_Blog" title="Mocha Uson Blog">Mocha Uson Blog</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thinking_Pinoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Thinking Pinoy">Thinking Pinoy</a></div> Several other Facebook groups with the acronym "DDS" supported Duterte as early as 2011. Among these groups is the Duterte Defense Squad, which was created on July 5, 2011. Other examples include Digong Duterte Supporters-Registered Nurses Group, Duterte's Destiny is to Serve the Country, Digong Duterte Swerte (lit. Digong Duterte is (Good) Luck), and Davsur Duterte Supporters. In 2015, members of the various groups urged Duterte to run for president.<a href="#cite_note-541">[539]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Approval_ratings">Approval ratings</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_the_Rodrigo_Duterte_presidency" title="Opinion polling on the Rodrigo Duterte presidency">Opinion polling on the Rodrigo Duterte presidency</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" align="right" style="margin:auto 1em;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Social_Weather_Stations" title="Social Weather Stations">SWS</a> Net satisfaction ratings of Rodrigo Duterte (September 2016–June 2022) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Date<a href="#cite_note-542">[540]</a> </th> <th scope="col">Rating </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Sep 2016 </th> <td>+64 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Dec 2016 </th> <td>+63 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mar 2017 </th> <td>+63 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Jun 2017 </th> <td>+66 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Sep 2017 </th> <td>+48 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Dec 2017 </th> <td>+58 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mar 2018 </th> <td>+56 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Jun 2018 </th> <td>+45 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Sep 2018 </th> <td>+54 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Dec 2018 </th> <td>+60 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mar 2019 </th> <td>+66 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Jun 2019 </th> <td>+68 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Sep 2019 </th> <td>+65 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Dec 2019 </th> <td>+72 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Nov 2020 </th> <td>+79 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">May 2021 </th> <td>+65 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Jun 2021 </th> <td>+62 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Sep 2021 </th> <td>+52 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Dec 2021<a href="#cite_note-MB-SWS4thQtr-543">[541]</a> </th> <td>+60 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Apr 2022<a href="#cite_note-544">[542]</a> </th> <td>+65 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Jun 2022<a href="#cite_note-SWS-2ndQ-545">[543]</a> </th> <td>+81 </td></tr></tbody></table> Despite criticism and international opposition to his controversial anti-narcotics drive, Duterte's domestic approval rating remained relatively high throughout his presidency.<a href="#cite_note-ABCNews-WeedonAlan-44">[43]</a> Duterte began his presidency with a high trust rating of 79% and 91% (the highest of any Philippine official since 1999), from pollsters <a href="/wiki/Social_Weather_Stations" title="Social Weather Stations">Social Weather Stations</a> (SWS) and <a href="/wiki/Pulse_Asia" title="Pulse Asia">Pulse Asia</a>, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-546">[544]</a><a href="#cite_note-547">[545]</a> His net satisfaction rating plunged to its lowest at 45% in July 2018, attributed to inflation during the period as well as Duterte calling God "stupid" for the concept of <a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">original sin</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>;<a href="#cite_note-Nicolas-2018-548">[546]</a> eventually, his satisfaction rating rose to 60% by the end of the year.<a href="#cite_note-549">[547]</a> Halfway through his term, Duterte's approval rating reached 79%, the highest among his predecessors at this stage in their presidencies.<a href="#cite_note-550">[548]</a> It rose to 87% by the end of 2019 due to the successful hosting of the <a href="/wiki/2019_Southeast_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Southeast Asian Games">2019 Southeast Asian Games</a> as well as the administration's poverty reduction programs.<a href="#cite_note-551">[549]</a> Amid the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Pulse Asia reported in September 2020 that 84% of Filipinos approved of the administration's efforts to contain the virus and provide assistance to those who lost their jobs; 92% of the poll respondents also agreed Duterte had "done well" in preventing the contagion in the country.<a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-COVIDSurvey-552">[550]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASEANPost-553">[551]</a> Duterte ended 2021 with an approval rating of 60%, wherein higher net satisfaction was observed among those who have been or are willing to get vaccinated.<a href="#cite_note-MB-SWS4thQtr-543">[541]</a> Duterte maintained his high approval and trust ratings as he approached the end of his term.<a href="#cite_note-554">[552]</a><a href="#cite_note-Philippine_News_Agency-45">[44]</a> A 2021 poll by WR Numero Research revealed that 54.59% of voters want soft continuity of Duterte's policies, 29.57% want full continuity, while only 15.84% preferred change.<a href="#cite_note-555">[553]</a> Duterte left office with a net satisfaction rating of 81%, his highest in SWS polling.<a href="#cite_note-SWS-2ndQ-545">[543]</a> Additionally, polling firm PUBLiCUS Asia reported in Duterte's last month in office that Duterte received a 75% approval for his entire six-year tenure, making him the most popular post-<a href="/wiki/EDSA_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="EDSA Revolution">EDSA</a> president.<a href="#cite_note-556">[554]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cruz-2022-46">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_views">Political views</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte">Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte</a></div> Duterte described himself as <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">left-leaning</a> during his campaign and presidency, but has stressed that he is for democracy and is not a communist.<a href="#cite_note-557">[555]</a><a href="#cite_note-558">[556]</a> Duterte was a member of the leftist <a href="/wiki/Kabataang_Makabayan" title="Kabataang Makabayan">Kabataang Makabayan</a> during the 1970s<a href="#cite_note-559">[557]</a> and was a student of prominent Philippine leftist figure and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Communist Party of the Philippines">Communist Party of the Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Sison" title="Jose Maria Sison">Jose Maria Sison</a>.<a href="#cite_note-560">[558]</a><a href="#cite_note-561">[559]</a> In a 1980s interview, Duterte expressed his frustration on seeing suspected criminals being acquitted despite evidence against them, further adding he admired the NPA's "brand of rendering swift justice".<a href="#cite_note-Gonzales-2005-63">[62]</a> However, his relationship with the communists deteriorated during his presidency due to continued rebel attacks on soldiers despite the peace talks.<a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-DuterteFires-278">[276]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inquirer-LastLeft-279">[277]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> Duterte is known for being an avid fan of <a href="/wiki/Cruiser_(motorcycle)" title="Cruiser (motorcycle)">big bikes</a>, but detests luxury cars. He once owned a second-hand <a href="/wiki/Harley-Davidson" title="Harley-Davidson">Harley-Davidson</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Virago" title="Yamaha Virago">Yamaha Virago</a>. He was once a habitual <a href="/wiki/Smoking" title="Smoking">smoker</a>, but he eventually quit after a doctor's suggestion due to health concerns. Duterte is an avid reader of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ludlum" title="Robert Ludlum">Robert Ludlum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Sheldon" title="Sidney Sheldon">Sidney Sheldon</a> novels.<a href="#cite_note-Duterte22-562">[560]</a> Duterte is also known for his straightforward and vocal attitude in public, especially in interviews, showing no hesitation in profusely using <a href="/wiki/Profanity" title="Profanity">profanity</a> live on-screen on numerous occasions despite formal requests by media groups and schools beforehand to abstain.<a href="#cite_note-563">[561]</a> Duterte has his own local show in Davao City called <a href="/wiki/Gikan_sa_Masa,_para_sa_Masa" title="Gikan sa Masa, para sa Masa">Gikan sa Masa, para sa Masa</a> ("From the Masses, For the Masses"), which formerly aired as a <a href="/wiki/Block_programming" title="Block programming">blocktimer</a> on <a href="/wiki/DXAS-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="DXAS-TV">ABS-CBN Davao</a>, and currently broadcast on <a href="/wiki/SMNI_News_Channel" title="SMNI News Channel">SMNI News Channel</a> since 2023.<a href="#cite_note-564">[562]</a> He is also a member of <a href="/wiki/Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas" title="Lex Talionis Fraternitas">Lex Talionis Fraternitas</a>, a fraternity based in the <a href="/wiki/San_Beda_College_of_Law" title="San Beda College of Law">San Beda College of Law</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ateneo_de_Davao_University" title="Ateneo de Davao University">Ateneo de Davao University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-565">[563]</a> Aside from his native <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>, Duterte is also fluent in <a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>.<a href="#cite_note-566">[564]</a> While criticizing political opponent <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Trillanes" title="Antonio Trillanes">Antonio Trillanes</a> in a 2019 speech, Duterte said that he was once gay but had <a href="/wiki/Ex-gay_movement" title="Ex-gay movement">"cured himself"</a> before meeting his partner <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Zimmerman" title="Elizabeth Zimmerman">Elizabeth Zimmerman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Croucher-2019-528">[526]</a> Since being the mayor of Davao City, Duterte has held an annual tradition of visiting children with cancer in the city and giving them Christmas gifts.<a href="#cite_note-567">[565]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family">Family</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_poses_for_a_photo_with_the_first_family_after_delivering_his_3rd_SONA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_poses_for_a_photo_with_the_first_family_after_delivering_his_3rd_SONA.jpg/220px-President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_poses_for_a_photo_with_the_first_family_after_delivering_his_3rd_SONA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_poses_for_a_photo_with_the_first_family_after_delivering_his_3rd_SONA.jpg/330px-President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_poses_for_a_photo_with_the_first_family_after_delivering_his_3rd_SONA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_poses_for_a_photo_with_the_first_family_after_delivering_his_3rd_SONA.jpg/440px-President_Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte_poses_for_a_photo_with_the_first_family_after_delivering_his_3rd_SONA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Duterte (seated, left) with his first family after delivering his third State of the Nation Address in 2018</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Cielito_Avance%C3%B1a_family_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Cielito_Avance%C3%B1a_family_portrait.jpg/220px-Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Cielito_Avance%C3%B1a_family_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Cielito_Avance%C3%B1a_family_portrait.jpg/330px-Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Cielito_Avance%C3%B1a_family_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Cielito_Avance%C3%B1a_family_portrait.jpg/440px-Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Cielito_Avance%C3%B1a_family_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="404" /></a><figcaption>Duterte with Avanceña along with their daughter, Veronica</figcaption></figure> Duterte's father, Vicente, died in 1968 while his mother, Soledad, died on February 4, 2012, at the age of 95.<a href="#cite_note-568">[566]</a> In 1973, Duterte married <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Zimmerman" title="Elizabeth Zimmerman">Elizabeth Zimmerman</a>, a flight attendant of <a href="/wiki/German_American" class="mw-redirect" title="German American">German American</a> descent<a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-ZimmermanDigong-569">[567]</a><a href="#cite_note-570">[568]</a> who traces her roots in <a href="/wiki/Tuburan,_Cebu" title="Tuburan, Cebu">Tuburan, Cebu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-571">[569]</a> They have three children (from eldest to youngest): <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Duterte" title="Paolo Duterte">Paolo</a> ("Pulong"), <a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara</a> ("Inday Sara") and <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Duterte" title="Sebastian Duterte">Sebastian</a> ("Baste").<a href="#cite_note-CNNPH-ZimmermanDigong-569">[567]</a> Pulong and Inday Sara both entered politics while Baste, with no interest in politics, concentrated on business and surfing but eventually ran and won as vice mayor of Davao City in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-572">[570]</a><a href="#cite_note-573">[571]</a> Sara was elected as <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Vice President of the Philippines">Vice President</a> in <a href="/wiki/2022_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2022 Philippine presidential election">2022</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ABSCBN-DutertePopularity-419">[417]</a> Duterte has been publicly open about his infidelity while married to Zimmerman and cited it as the reason for his failed marriage. In 1998, Zimmerman filed a petition in the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Trial_Court" title="Regional Trial Court">Regional Trial Court</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pasig" title="Pasig">Pasig</a> to nullify her marriage. Duterte never appeared in court and did not contest Zimmerman's petition. Two years later, the court decided in her favor, ending the 27-year marriage of Duterte and Zimmerman.<a href="#cite_note-Hofilena-2015-574">[572]</a> Duterte and Zimmerman have been on good terms in recent years,<a href="#cite_note-Zimmerman-575">[573]</a> with Zimmerman stating: "Yes, [Rodrigo] is really a very good leader. That is all he is. But when it comes to family, he is not capable of taking care of it."<a href="#cite_note-Hofilena-2015-574">[572]</a> Duterte is currently living with his <a href="/wiki/Common-law_marriage" title="Common-law marriage">common-law wife</a> <a href="/wiki/Honeylet_Avance%C3%B1a" title="Honeylet Avanceña">Cielito "Honeylet" Avanceña</a>, a former nurse, with whom he has one daughter named Veronica ("Kitty"). Duterte has eleven grandchildren, half of whom are Muslims and the other half Christian,<a href="#cite_note-BoholNewsToday-Conflict-576">[574]</a> and two great-grandchildren.<a href="#cite_note-577">[575]</a> Since 2022, a child named Mira ("Mimi", born 2019) is seen being raised by Duterte and Avanceña alongside Veronica, though there are conflicting reports on whether she is a child or a grandchild of Duterte.<a href="#cite_note-578">[576]</a><a href="#cite_note-579">[577]</a><a href="#cite_note-580">[578]</a><a href="#cite_note-581">[579]</a><a href="#cite_note-582">[580]</a> Veronica attributes her rose tattoo to Mira.<a href="#cite_note-583">[581]</a><a href="#cite_note-584">[582]</a> On his paternal side, Duterte shares familial ties with some of the prominent families of the Visayas, particularly the Almendrases and Duranos of <a href="/wiki/Danao,_Cebu" title="Danao, Cebu">Danao, Cebu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-duterte-durano-almendras-586">[c]</a> His distant uncle, former Senator <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Almendras" title="Alejandro Almendras">Alejandro Almendras</a>, was one of his original supporters when he first ran for mayor of Davao City in <a href="/wiki/1988_Davao_City_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 Davao City elections">1988</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_and_his_Cabinet_members_pray_before_the_start_of_the_6th_Cabinet_Meeting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_and_his_Cabinet_members_pray_before_the_start_of_the_6th_Cabinet_Meeting.jpg/220px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_and_his_Cabinet_members_pray_before_the_start_of_the_6th_Cabinet_Meeting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_and_his_Cabinet_members_pray_before_the_start_of_the_6th_Cabinet_Meeting.jpg/330px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_and_his_Cabinet_members_pray_before_the_start_of_the_6th_Cabinet_Meeting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_and_his_Cabinet_members_pray_before_the_start_of_the_6th_Cabinet_Meeting.jpg/440px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_and_his_Cabinet_members_pray_before_the_start_of_the_6th_Cabinet_Meeting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1324" /></a><figcaption>Duterte (center) and his cabinet members pray before the start of the 6th Cabinet Meeting on September 14, 2016.</figcaption></figure> Despite being raised as a communicant of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>, on January 19, 2016, Duterte clarified that he had not attended <a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a> for quite some time already since he deemed it incompatible with his mayoral responsibilities: "If I listened to the <a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments" title="Ten Commandments">Ten Commandments</a> or to the priests," said Duterte, "I would not be able to do anything as a mayor."<a href="#cite_note-587">[584]</a> Duterte has described himself as <a href="/wiki/Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian">Christian</a> in 2016<a href="#cite_note-Christian-588">[585]</a><a href="#cite_note-Torres-2016-589">[586]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Spiritual_but_not_religious" title="Spiritual but not religious">spiritual</a>" in 2018, expressing that he "can't accept" Catholicism or <a href="/wiki/Organized_religion" title="Organized religion">organized religion</a> but also that he is neither an <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheist</a> nor an <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">agnostic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-Agnostic-590">[587]</a><a href="#cite_note-Newshub-2018-591">[588]</a> He has referred to God as <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a><a href="#cite_note-Torres-2016-589">[586]</a> and has been quoted as saying: "a part of me which is <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>".<a href="#cite_note-592">[589]</a> During his presidency, Duterte and the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_Philippines" title="Catholic Church in the Philippines">Catholic Church in the Philippines</a> exchanged frequent criticisms. In response to the rising death toll in Duterte's war on drugs, the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippines" title="Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines">Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines</a> (CBCP) in February 2017 issued a strongly-worded <a href="/wiki/Pastoral_letter" title="Pastoral letter">pastoral letter</a> which was read in church services; the letter highlighted that "[killing] is considered as normal", and "to consent and keep silent in front of evil is to be an accomplice to it".<a href="#cite_note-Patag-2018-593">[590]</a> Duterte later lambasted Catholic bishops, telling them "not use the <a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">pulpit</a>", reviling them as "sons of bitches", remarking that some of them are gay, and urging street bums to rob and kill them.<a href="#cite_note-Aurelio-Corrales-2019-594">[591]</a> Notable among the bishops Duterte criticized was Caloocan Bishop <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Virgilio_David" title="Pablo Virgilio David">Pablo Virgilio David</a>, a vocal critic of the Duterte administration's war on drugs. Duterte accused David of being involved in illegal drugs and stealing church donations,<a href="#cite_note-Patag-2018-593">[590]</a> after which the CBCP came to David's defense and vouched for his integrity.<a href="#cite_note-595">[592]</a> Citing continued criticism from Catholic bishops, Duterte's verbal attacks on the Catholic Church escalated in mid-2018 to early 2019,<a href="#cite_note-Patag-2018-593">[590]</a><a href="#cite_note-Aurelio-Corrales-2019-594">[591]</a> during which he challenged the Catholic Church to show evidence of the existence of God, while expressing his belief in "one Supreme God" and "a universal mind somewhere which controls the universe".<a href="#cite_note-PNAGovPH-Agnostic-590">[587]</a><a href="#cite_note-Newshub-2018-591">[588]</a> In one of his harshest vitriol in June 2018, he remarked that God was "stupid" for permitting <a href="/wiki/Serpents_in_the_Bible" title="Serpents in the Bible">the serpent</a> to tempt <a href="/wiki/Eve" title="Eve">Eve</a> in <a href="/wiki/Genesis_creation_narrative" title="Genesis creation narrative">the creation story</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>; though the controversial statement was later clarified by his spokesperson as Duterte's "personal opinion",<a href="#cite_note-AlJazeera-GodRemark-596">[593]</a> it contributed to Duterte's quarterly approval rating dipping to its lowest at 45%.<a href="#cite_note-Nicolas-2018-548">[546]</a> Efforts by the Church to rally public support against the administration's war on drugs, however, were less effective due to Duterte's domestic popularity and high trust ratings.<a href="#cite_note-597">[594]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Duterte_and_Quiboloy_Give_Us_This_Day_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Duterte_and_Quiboloy_Give_Us_This_Day_2019.jpg/220px-Duterte_and_Quiboloy_Give_Us_This_Day_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Duterte_and_Quiboloy_Give_Us_This_Day_2019.jpg/330px-Duterte_and_Quiboloy_Give_Us_This_Day_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Duterte_and_Quiboloy_Give_Us_This_Day_2019.jpg/440px-Duterte_and_Quiboloy_Give_Us_This_Day_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Duterte guests in <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Quiboloy" title="Apollo Quiboloy">Apollo Quiboloy</a>'s (center) <a href="/wiki/Sonshine_Media_Network_International" title="Sonshine Media Network International">SMNI</a> show, Give Us This Day, in 2019.</figcaption></figure> Duterte considers his close friend, pastor <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Quiboloy" title="Apollo Quiboloy">Apollo Quiboloy</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jesus_Christ_(church)" title="Kingdom of Jesus Christ (church)">Kingdom of Jesus Christ</a> (KJC), as his spiritual adviser.<a href="#cite_note-598">[595]</a><a href="#cite_note-599">[596]</a> Duterte would become estate administrator of the properties KJC in March 2024, following Senate inquiries launched against the church and Quiboloy.<a href="#cite_note-PhilStar-PropertyAdmin-471">[469]</a> In his post-presidency in January 2024, Duterte visited the wake of CBCP president Fernando Capalla in <a href="/wiki/Davao_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Davao Cathedral">Davao Cathedral</a>, during which he stated he attends Masses thrice every Sunday; he further added "I am a very holy man. I'm a whole human being now".<a href="#cite_note-600">[597]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Laotian_President_Bounnhang_Vorachith.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Laotian_President_Bounnhang_Vorachith.jpg/220px-Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Laotian_President_Bounnhang_Vorachith.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Laotian_President_Bounnhang_Vorachith.jpg/330px-Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Laotian_President_Bounnhang_Vorachith.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Laotian_President_Bounnhang_Vorachith.jpg/440px-Rodrigo_Duterte_and_Laotian_President_Bounnhang_Vorachith.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Rodrigo Duterte with Laotian President <a href="/wiki/Bounnhang_Vorachith" class="mw-redirect" title="Bounnhang Vorachith">Bounnhang Vorachith</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a>, Laos on September 7, 2016</figcaption></figure> Duterte has <a href="/wiki/Thromboangiitis_obliterans" title="Thromboangiitis obliterans">Buerger's disease</a>, an inflammation of blood vessels, mostly in the limbs, and <a href="/wiki/Barrett%27s_esophagus" title="Barrett's esophagus">Barrett's esophagus</a>, wherein esophageal cells are gradually replaced by gastrointestinal cells. He has denied rumors of <a href="/wiki/Throat_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Throat cancer">throat cancer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-601">[598]</a> Duterte admitted in December 2016 that he had been a user of the addictive <a href="/wiki/Opioid" title="Opioid">opioid</a> drug <a href="/wiki/Fentanyl" title="Fentanyl">Fentanyl</a>. He said that a doctor prescribed the drug to alleviate back pain and headaches, but that he would take more than he was prescribed.<a href="#cite_note-602">[599]</a> Duterte later denied that he was a drug addict, and a spokesman stated that he was not affected by side-effects of the drug, which include confusion, anxiety, and <a href="/wiki/Hallucination" title="Hallucination">hallucinations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-603">[600]</a> Duterte has boasted about his use of <a href="/wiki/Viagra" class="mw-redirect" title="Viagra">Viagra</a>: "When I was young, I could do overnight, which is more expensive. When I got old, I could do short time only because I have such a short time left. After one erection, that's it. No more. Without Viagra, it's even more difficult."<a href="#cite_note-604">[601]</a><a href="#cite_note-605">[602]</a> A psychological assessment of Duterte was commissioned by a doctor named Natividad Dayan during Duterte's marriage annulment to Elizabeth Zimmerman in July 1998. The result was that Duterte (then Davao City mayor) was found to have "<a href="/wiki/Antisocial_personality_disorder" title="Antisocial personality disorder">antisocial</a> <a href="/wiki/Narcissistic_personality_disorder" title="Narcissistic personality disorder">narcissistic</a> personality disorder", exemplified by "gross indifference, insensitivity and self-centeredness", and a "grandiose sense of self-entitlement and manipulative behaviours". According to the assessment, he had a "pervasive tendency to demean, humiliate others and violate their rights and feelings", and was "unable to reflect on the consequences of his actions."<a href="#cite_note-606">[603]</a> In a speech to the Filipino community in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, Duterte revealed that he has <a href="/wiki/Myasthenia_gravis" title="Myasthenia gravis">myasthenia gravis</a>, a neuromuscular disease, which makes his eye droop.<a href="#cite_note-607">[604]</a><a href="#cite_note-608">[605]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors_and_awards">Honors and awards</h2></div> Duterte declined an honorary doctor of laws degree offered by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines" title="University of the Philippines">University of the Philippines</a> amid opposition from members of the university.<a href="#cite_note-609">[606]</a> Duterte was conferred an <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">honorary doctorate degree</a> for <a href="/wiki/International_relations" title="International relations">international relations</a> or foreign diplomacy<a href="#cite_note-610">[607]</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_Institute_of_International_Relations" title="Moscow State Institute of International Relations">Moscow State Institute of International Relations</a> on October 5, 2019.<a href="#cite_note-611">[608]</a> Duterte received an honorary <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> degree from his alma mater, San Beda College of Law in November 2023.<a href="#cite_note-612">[609]</a> On March 28, 2023, the Davao City Council passed a resolution declaring every March 28—Duterte's birthday—as "Duterte Day" in recognition for the "great and continuing contribution" of Duterte to the city and the Philippines.<a href="#cite_note-613">[610]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_honors">National honors</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Rizal" title="Knights of Rizal">Knight Grand Cross of Rizal</a> (KGCR) – (2017)<a href="#cite_note-614">[611]</a></li> <li>Awards for Promoting Philippines-China Understanding (APPCU), Hall of Fame – (2023)<a href="#cite_note-615">[612]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_honors">Foreign honors</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor"><img alt="Johor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/23px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/35px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/46px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a>: Grand Knight of The Most Esteemed <a href="/wiki/List_of_post-nominal_letters_(Johor)" title="List of post-nominal letters (Johor)">Order of Sultan Ibrahim of Johor</a>, 1st Class (SMIJ) – Dato' (2019)<a href="#cite_note-616">[613]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei"><img alt="Brunei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/50th_Anniversary_Celebrations_of_Sultan_Hassanal_Bolkiah%27s_Accession_to_the_Throne_of_Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="50th Anniversary Celebrations of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah's Accession to the Throne of Brunei">Sultan of Brunei Golden Jubilee Medal</a> – (2017)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="List of presidents of the Philippines">List of presidents of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Philippines_by_previous_executive_experience" title="List of presidents of the Philippines by previous executive experience">List of presidents of the Philippines by previous executive experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte">Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> According to Duterte, he never left PDP–Laban; he was the Davao City chairman of the Liberal Party in 2009, and was nationally affiliated with the Liberal Party in the 2010 and 2013 elections.<a href="#cite_note-PDP_to_LP-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Return_to_PDP-2">[2]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-his-excellency-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-his-excellency_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-his-excellency_136-1">b</a> Duterte himself does not use the style of Excellency President<a href="#cite_note-CNNPhilippines-HisExcellency-134">[133]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-duterte-durano-almendras-586"><a href="#cite_ref-duterte-durano-almendras_586-0">^</a> Brothers Facundo & Severo Duterte both married women from Danao; Severo's daughter Beatriz married post-War business magnate Ramon M. Durano, Sr. Their descendants constitute the modern-day political family of the Duranos of <a href="/wiki/Danao,_Cebu" title="Danao, Cebu">Danao, Cebu</a>. Ramon M. Durano, Sr.'s sister Elisea married Paulo Almendras, and their descendants constitute the modern-day Almendrases of Cebu. One of their descendants, <a href="/wiki/Jose_Rene_Almendras" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Rene Almendras">Jose Rene Almendras</a> is a former <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Philippines)" title="Secretary of Foreign Affairs (Philippines)">Secretary of the Department of Foreign Affairs (acting)</a>.<a href="#cite_note-585">[583]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PDP_to_LP-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PDP_to_LP_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PDP_to_LP_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PDP_to_LP_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEspejo2015" class="citation news cs1">Espejo, Edwin (March 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806184707/https://rappler.com/nation/duterte-lp-wild-card-candidate-2016">"Could Duterte be the Liberal Party's wild card bet?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rappler.com/nation/duterte-lp-wild-card-candidate-2016">the original</a> on August 6, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Could+Duterte+be+the+Liberal+Party%27s+wild+card+bet%3F&rft.date=2015-03-18&rft.aulast=Espejo&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frappler.com%2Fnation%2Fduterte-lp-wild-card-candidate-2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Return_to_PDP-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Return_to_PDP_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Return_to_PDP_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Return_to_PDP_2-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsmaquel2015" class="citation news cs1">Esmaquel, Paterno II (February 21, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200716160429/https://rappler.com/nation/rodrigo-duterte-pdp-laban">"Duterte 're-enters' PDP-Laban amid 2016 prospects"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rappler.com/nation/rodrigo-duterte-pdp-laban">the original</a> on July 16, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Duterte+%27re-enters%27+PDP-Laban+amid+2016+prospects&rft.date=2015-02-21&rft.aulast=Esmaquel&rft.aufirst=Paterno+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frappler.com%2Fnation%2Frodrigo-duterte-pdp-laban&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MSBigornia-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MSBigornia_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MSBigornia_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBigornia1990" class="citation news cs1">Bigornia, Amante E. (December 29, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=8cBNEdFwSQkC&dat=19901229&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Davao politics now polarized"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Standard" title="Manila Standard">Manila Standard</a>. Kagitingan Publications, Inc. p. 4. Retrieved May 23, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Standard&rft.atitle=Davao+politics+now+polarized&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1990-12-29&rft.aulast=Bigornia&rft.aufirst=Amante+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D8cBNEdFwSQkC%26dat%3D19901229%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=8cBNEdFwSQkC&dat=19880105&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Anti-communist crusader"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Standard" title="Manila Standard">Manila Standard</a>. <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>: Standard Publications, Inc. January 5, 1988. p. 3. Retrieved June 17, 2021. <q>... former vice mayor Rodrigo Duterte of the Lakas ng Dabaw, a new political party.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Standard&rft.atitle=Anti-communist+crusader&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1988-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D8cBNEdFwSQkC%26dat%3D19880105%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlores,_W.L.2016" class="citation news cs1">Flores, W.L. (June 19, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/sunday-life/2016/06/19/1594237/president-elect-rody-duterte-dad-memories-his-own-father">"President-electpresident Rody Duterte as dad & memories of his own father"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=President-electpresident+Rody+Duterte+as+dad+%26+memories+of+his+own+father&rft.date=2016-06-19&rft.au=Flores%2C+W.L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fsunday-life%2F2016%2F06%2F19%2F1594237%2Fpresident-elect-rody-duterte-dad-memories-his-own-father&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamos2021" class="citation news cs1">Ramos, Christia Marie (July 26, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1464281/lacson-calls-out-duterte-says-there-is-underspending-of-bayanihan-2-funds">"Lacson calls out Duterte, says there is underspending of Bayanihan 2 funds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, Philippines. Retrieved October 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Lacson+calls+out+Duterte%2C+says+there+is+underspending+of+Bayanihan+2+funds&rft.date=2021-07-26&rft.aulast=Ramos&rft.aufirst=Christia+Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1464281%2Flacson-calls-out-duterte-says-there-is-underspending-of-bayanihan-2-funds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/pilipino-star-ngayon/bansa/2021/08/28/2123148/go-pumili-ng-katimbang-ni-prrd-sa-2022">"Go: Pumili ng katimbang ni PRRD sa 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">Pilipino Star Ngayon</a> (in Filipino). <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, Philippines: PhilStar Global Corp. August 28, 2021. Retrieved October 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pilipino+Star+Ngayon&rft.atitle=Go%3A+Pumili+ng+katimbang+ni+PRRD+sa+2022&rft.date=2021-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fpilipino-star-ngayon%2Fbansa%2F2021%2F08%2F28%2F2123148%2Fgo-pumili-ng-katimbang-ni-prrd-sa-2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171209233058/http://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2016/05/rodrigo-roa-duterte-16th-president-first-mindanawon-to-lead-the-country/">"Rodrigo Roa Duterte: 16th President, first Mindanawon to lead the country"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MindaNews" title="MindaNews">MindaNews</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2016/05/rodrigo-roa-duterte-16th-president-first-mindanawon-to-lead-the-country/">the original</a> on December 9, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MindaNews&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Roa+Duterte%3A+16th+President%2C+first+Mindanawon+to+lead+the+country&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mindanews.com%2Ftop-stories%2F2016%2F05%2Frodrigo-roa-duterte-16th-president-first-mindanawon-to-lead-the-country%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225131751/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/27/official-count-duterte-president-robredo-vp.html">"Official count: Duterte is new president, Robredo is vice president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. May 27, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/27/official-count-duterte-president-robredo-vp.html">the original</a> on December 25, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Official+count%3A+Duterte+is+new+president%2C+Robredo+is+vice+president&rft.date=2016-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F05%2F27%2Fofficial-count-duterte-president-robredo-vp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sergio-Osmena">"Sergio Osmeña | president of Philippines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. June 3, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170802210246/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sergio-Osmena">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved April 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sergio+Osme%C3%B1a+%7C+president+of+Philippines&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2011-06-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FSergio-Osmena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anadolu-Ramos-2016-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Anadolu-Ramos-2016_12-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamos2016" class="citation news cs1">Ramos, Roy (May 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160511094612/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/politics/new-philippines-president-is-iron-fisted-southern-mayor/569796">"New Philippines president is iron-fisted southern mayor"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Anadolu_Agency" title="Anadolu Agency">Anadolu Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/politics/new-philippines-president-is-iron-fisted-southern-mayor/569796">the original</a> on May 11, 2016. Retrieved May 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anadolu+Agency&rft.atitle=New+Philippines+president+is+iron-fisted+southern+mayor&rft.date=2016-05-10&rft.aulast=Ramos&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aa.com.tr%2Fen%2Fpolitics%2Fnew-philippines-president-is-iron-fisted-southern-mayor%2F569796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dacumos-Lagorza-2017-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dacumos-Lagorza-2017_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dacumos-Lagorza-2017_13-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDacumos-Lagorza2017" class="citation journal cs1">Dacumos-Lagorza, Kristine (September 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=COSEDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA62">"Defining Davao"</a>. LEAGUE Magazine (September–October 2017 Issue: The Local Government Unit Magazine). The League Publishing Company, Inc.: 62.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LEAGUE+Magazine&rft.atitle=Defining+Davao&rft.issue=September%E2%80%93October+2017+Issue%3A+The+Local+Government+Unit+Magazine&rft.pages=62&rft.date=2017-09-01&rft.aulast=Dacumos-Lagorza&rft.aufirst=Kristine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCOSEDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ArabNews-DuterteEyes-14"><a href="#cite_ref-ArabNews-DuterteEyes_14-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728001255/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1711106/world">"Duterte eyes reinstating death penalty by lethal injection for drug crimes"</a>. Arab News. July 28, 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arabnews.com/node/1711106/world">the original</a> on July 28, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+eyes+reinstating+death+penalty+by+lethal+injection+for+drug+crimes&rft.date=2020-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnode%2F1711106%2Fworld&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAGovPH-PACC-15"><a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-PACC_15-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReganit2017" class="citation news cs1">Reganit, Jose Cielito (October 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201018082358/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1011910">"Duterte creates Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1011910">the original</a> on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+creates+Presidential+Anti-Corruption+Commission&rft.date=2017-10-05&rft.aulast=Reganit&rft.aufirst=Jose+Cielito&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1011910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNNPH-OfferedToResign-16"><a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-OfferedToResign_16-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001065806/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/9/29/Duterte---I-offered-to-resign-as-president-because-I-am-sick-of-corruption-.html">"Duterte: 'I offered to resign as president because I am sick of corruption'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. September 29, 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/9/29/Duterte---I-offered-to-resign-as-president-because-I-am-sick-of-corruption-.html">the original</a> on October 1, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+%27I+offered+to+resign+as+president+because+I+am+sick+of+corruption%27&rft.date=2020-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F9%2F29%2FDuterte---I-offered-to-resign-as-president-because-I-am-sick-of-corruption-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GulfNews-85BillionInfra-17"><a href="#cite_ref-GulfNews-85BillionInfra_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHilotin2020" class="citation news cs1">Hilotin, Jay (October 1, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201018073520/https://gulfnews.com/business/philippines-85-billion-infrastructure-spending-in-104-projects-1.1601554247671?slide=16">"Philippines: $85 billion infrastructure spending in 104 projects"</a>. Gulf News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gulfnews.com/business/philippines-85-billion-infrastructure-spending-in-104-projects-1.1601554247671?slide=16">the original</a> on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+News&rft.atitle=Philippines%3A+%2485+billion+infrastructure+spending+in+104+projects&rft.date=2020-10-01&rft.aulast=Hilotin&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fbusiness%2Fphilippines-85-billion-infrastructure-spending-in-104-projects-1.1601554247671%3Fslide%3D16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNNPH-InfrastructureCOVID-18"><a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-InfrastructureCOVID_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLopez2020" class="citation news cs1">Lopez, Melissa Luz (April 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201018100547/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/4/16/Duterte-drop-infrastructure-projects-COVID-19-funding.html">"Duterte open to dropping infrastructure projects for more COVID-19 funding"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/4/16/Duterte-drop-infrastructure-projects-COVID-19-funding.html">the original</a> on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020. <q>The government plans to spend over ₱1 trillion this year on various construction projects, in keeping with the administration's promise to usher in a "Golden Age of Infrastructure" and fill the country's needs for longer and wider roads, convenient train systems, and bigger airports and seaports, to name a few.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+open+to+dropping+infrastructure+projects+for+more+COVID-19+funding&rft.date=2020-04-16&rft.aulast=Lopez&rft.aufirst=Melissa+Luz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F4%2F16%2FDuterte-drop-infrastructure-projects-COVID-19-funding.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSicat2022" class="citation news cs1">Sicat, Gerardo P. (February 9, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220309094530/https://www.philstar.com/business/2022/02/09/2159430/next-president-will-inherit-significant-economic-reforms">"The next president will inherit significant economic reforms"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/business/2022/02/09/2159430/next-president-will-inherit-significant-economic-reforms">the original</a> on March 9, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=The+next+president+will+inherit+significant+economic+reforms&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft.aulast=Sicat&rft.aufirst=Gerardo+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fbusiness%2F2022%2F02%2F09%2F2159430%2Fnext-president-will-inherit-significant-economic-reforms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabiling2020" class="citation news cs1">Kabiling, Genalyn (July 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220512120120/https://mb.com.ph/2020/07/27/duterte-pushes-shift-to-e-governance-to-cut-red-tape/">"Duterte pushes shift to e-governance to cut red tape"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2020/07/27/duterte-pushes-shift-to-e-governance-to-cut-red-tape/">the original</a> on May 12, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+pushes+shift+to+e-governance+to+cut+red+tape&rft.date=2020-07-27&rft.aulast=Kabiling&rft.aufirst=Genalyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2020%2F07%2F27%2Fduterte-pushes-shift-to-e-governance-to-cut-red-tape%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GMANews-FederalismCongress-21"><a href="#cite_ref-GMANews-FederalismCongress_21-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211210135655/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/814146/duterte-blames-congress-for-failed-federalism-bid-vows-peaceful-transition/story/">"Duterte blames Congress for failed federalism bid, vows peaceful transition"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. December 10, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/814146/duterte-blames-congress-for-failed-federalism-bid-vows-peaceful-transition/story/">the original</a> on December 10, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Duterte+blames+Congress+for+failed+federalism+bid%2C+vows+peaceful+transition&rft.date=2021-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F814146%2Fduterte-blames-congress-for-failed-federalism-bid-vows-peaceful-transition%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160809164653/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/08/07/marcos-libingan-ng-mga-bayani-burial.html">"Duterte confirms Marcos burial at the Libingan ng mga Bayani"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. August 7, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/08/07/marcos-libingan-ng-mga-bayani-burial.html">the original</a> on August 9, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+confirms+Marcos+burial+at+the+Libingan+ng+mga+Bayani&rft.date=2016-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F08%2F07%2Fmarcos-libingan-ng-mga-bayani-burial.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2016" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Eimor P. (November 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190519180154/http://nine.cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/11/09/Duterte-firm-on-Marcos-Libingan-burial.html">"Duterte firm on Marcos burial at Heroes' Cemetery"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/11/09/Duterte-firm-on-Marcos-Libingan-burial.html">the original</a> on May 19, 2019. Retrieved February 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+firm+on+Marcos+burial+at+Heroes%27+Cemetery&rft.date=2016-11-09&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Eimor+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F11%2F09%2FDuterte-firm-on-Marcos-Libingan-burial.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKirdyBerlinger2017" class="citation news cs1">McKirdy, Euan; Berlinger, Joshua (October 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171017075815/http://edition.cnn.com/2017/10/17/asia/duterte-marawi-liberation/index.html">"Philippines' Duterte declares liberation of Marawi from ISIS-affiliated militants"</a>. CNN. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2017/10/17/asia/duterte-marawi-liberation/index.html">the original</a> on October 17, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+declares+liberation+of+Marawi+from+ISIS-affiliated+militants&rft.date=2017-10-17&rft.aulast=McKirdy&rft.aufirst=Euan&rft.au=Berlinger%2C+Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2017%2F10%2F17%2Fasia%2Fduterte-marawi-liberation%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2020" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (March 9, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200309191044/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1095955">"State of public health emergency declared in PH"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1095955">the original</a> on March 9, 2020. Retrieved February 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=State+of+public+health+emergency+declared+in+PH&rft.date=2020-03-09&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1095955&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-independent_foreign_policy2-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-independent_foreign_policy2_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-independent_foreign_policy2_26-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNawal2016" class="citation news cs1">Nawal, Allan (September 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://globalnation.inquirer.net/144563/duterte-govt-to-pursue-independent-foreign-policy">"Duterte: Gov't to pursue 'independent foreign policy'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved September 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+Gov%27t+to+pursue+%27independent+foreign+policy%27&rft.date=2016-09-10&rft.aulast=Nawal&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F144563%2Fduterte-govt-to-pursue-independent-foreign-policy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAGovPH-SenateWidthdraw-27"><a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-SenateWidthdraw_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatinio2021" class="citation news cs1">Patinio, Ferdinand (December 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211214103515/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1162739">"PRRD withdraws from 2022 Senate race"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1162739">the original</a> on December 14, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PRRD+withdraws+from+2022+Senate+race&rft.date=2021-12-14&rft.aulast=Patinio&rft.aufirst=Ferdinand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1162739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/duterte-police-do-not-answer-crimes-against-humanity-investigators-827652">"Duterte to Police: 'Do Not Answer' Crimes Against Humanity Investigators"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a>. March 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsweek&rft.atitle=Duterte+to+Police%3A+%27Do+Not+Answer%27+Crimes+Against+Humanity+Investigators&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fduterte-police-do-not-answer-crimes-against-humanity-investigators-827652&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/0249baac-791c-11e8-bc55-50daf11b720d">"Philippines' Rodrigo Duterte under fire for calling God 'stupid'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a>. June 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Rodrigo+Duterte+under+fire+for+calling+God+%27stupid%27&rft.date=2018-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F0249baac-791c-11e8-bc55-50daf11b720d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/04/world/asia/duterte-kiss-philippines.html">"Critics Slam Rodrigo Duterte for Asking a Woman to Kiss Him Onstage"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. June 4, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Critics+Slam+Rodrigo+Duterte+for+Asking+a+Woman+to+Kiss+Him+Onstage&rft.date=2018-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F06%2F04%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fduterte-kiss-philippines.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeehankee2017" class="citation journal cs1">Teehankee, Julio C. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/bitstream/document/54782/1/ssoar-suedostaktuell-2016-3-teehankee-Dutertes_resurgent_nationalism_in_the.pdf">"Duterte's Resurgent Nationalism in the Philippines: A Discursive Institutionalist Analysis"</a> (PDF). Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs. 35 (3): 69–89. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F186810341603500304">10.1177/186810341603500304</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Current+Southeast+Asian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+Resurgent+Nationalism+in+the+Philippines%3A+A+Discursive+Institutionalist+Analysis&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E69-%3C%2Fspan%3E89&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F186810341603500304&rft.aulast=Teehankee&rft.aufirst=Julio+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ssoar.info%2Fssoar%2Fbitstream%2Fdocument%2F54782%2F1%2Fssoar-suedostaktuell-2016-3-teehankee-Dutertes_resurgent_nationalism_in_the.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/04/world/asia/philippines-duterte-us-china-cold-war.html">"Rodrigo Duterte Plays U.S. and China Off Each Other, in Echo of Cold War"</a>. The New York Times. November 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte+Plays+U.S.+and+China+Off+Each+Other%2C+in+Echo+of+Cold+War&rft.date=2016-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F11%2F04%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fphilippines-duterte-us-china-cold-war.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/behind-philippine-leaders-break-with-the-u-s-a-lifetime-of-resentment-1477061118">"Behind Duterte's Break With the U.S., a Lifetime of Resentment"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a>. October 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Behind+Duterte%27s+Break+With+the+U.S.%2C+a+Lifetime+of+Resentment&rft.date=2016-10-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fbehind-philippine-leaders-break-with-the-u-s-a-lifetime-of-resentment-1477061118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ds-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ds_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ds_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ds_34-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB">"Philippine death squads very much in business as Duterte set for presidency"</a>. Reuters. May 26, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016. <q>Duterte's loud approval for hundreds of execution-style killings of drug users and criminals over nearly two decades helped propel him to the highest office of a crime-weary land.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippine+death+squads+very+much+in+business+as+Duterte+set+for+presidency&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-1988kidnap2-35"><a href="#cite_ref-1988kidnap2_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFdela_Cruz" class="citation news cs1">dela Cruz, Kathlyn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.abs-cbn.com/halalan2016/nation/12/09/15/duterte-confirms-killing-3-rapist-kidnappers">"Duterte confirms killing 3 rapist-kidnappers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_Corporation" title="ABS-CBN Corporation">ABS-CBN Corporation</a>. Retrieved December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+confirms+killing+3+rapist-kidnappers&rft.aulast=dela+Cruz&rft.aufirst=Kathlyn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fhalalan2016%2Fnation%2F12%2F09%2F15%2Fduterte-confirms-killing-3-rapist-kidnappers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cannotlie2-36"><a href="#cite_ref-cannotlie2_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-38337746">"Philippines: Duterte confirms he personally killed three men"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Philippines%3A+Duterte+confirms+he+personally+killed+three+men&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-38337746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.abs-cbn.com/video/news/12/22/16/ombudsman-opens-probe-into-davao-death-squad">"Ombudsman opens probe into Davao Death Squad"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Ombudsman+opens+probe+into+Davao+Death+Squad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fvideo%2Fnews%2F12%2F22%2F16%2Fombudsman-opens-probe-into-davao-death-squad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-f-38"><a href="#cite_ref-f_38-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/03/09/17/de-lima-2009-dds-probe-failed-because-davao-folk-sided-with-ruthless-king">"CHR Probes DDS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=CHR+Probes+DDS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F03%2F09%2F17%2Fde-lima-2009-dds-probe-failed-because-davao-folk-sided-with-ruthless-king&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB">"Philippine death squads very much in business as Duterte set for presidency"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. May 26, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016. <q>Human rights groups have documented at least 1,400 killings in Davao that they allege had been carried out by death squads since 1998. Most of those murdered were drug users, petty criminals and street children.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippine+death+squads+very+much+in+business+as+Duterte+set+for+presidency&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters-DeathSquads-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters-DeathSquads_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshallMogato2016" class="citation news cs1">Marshall, Andrew R.C.; Mogato, Manuel (May 26, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160526131335/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB">"Philippine death squads very much in business as Duterte set for presidency"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB">the original</a> on May 26, 2016. Retrieved December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippine+death+squads+very+much+in+business+as+Duterte+set+for+presidency&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Andrew+R.C.&rft.au=Mogato%2C+Manuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/08/world/asia/philippines-duterte-hague.html?module=inline">"International Criminal Court Will Investigate Duterte Over Drug War"</a>. The New York Times. February 8, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=International+Criminal+Court+Will+Investigate+Duterte+Over+Drug+War&rft.date=2018-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F02%2F08%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fphilippines-duterte-hague.html%3Fmodule%3Dinline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yap-2020-42"><a href="#cite_ref-Yap-2020_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYap2020" class="citation news cs1">Yap, DJ (January 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnation.inquirer.net/183168/icc-prosecutor-probe-of-duterte-cant-be-stopped">"Philippines: ICC prosecutor: Probe of Duterte can't be stopped"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Philippines%3A+ICC+prosecutor%3A+Probe+of+Duterte+can%27t+be+stopped&rft.date=2020-01-16&rft.aulast=Yap&rft.aufirst=DJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F183168%2Ficc-prosecutor-probe-of-duterte-cant-be-stopped&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pcij.org/article/6743/duterte-saln-restricted-pcij-request">"PCIJ request for Duterte SALN runs into dead end – again"</a>. July 26, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PCIJ+request+for+Duterte+SALN+runs+into+dead+end+%E2%80%93+again&rft.date=2021-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpcij.org%2Farticle%2F6743%2Fduterte-saln-restricted-pcij-request&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABCNews-WeedonAlan-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABCNews-WeedonAlan_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABCNews-WeedonAlan_44-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeedon2019" class="citation news cs1">Weedon, Alan (May 10, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191015044350/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-10/duterte-rodrigo-philippines-president-popular-despite-criticism/11058752">"'Gold, guns and goons': Why the Philippines' Rodrigo Duterte remains incredibly popular"</a>. ABC News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-10/duterte-rodrigo-philippines-president-popular-despite-criticism/11058752">the original</a> on October 15, 2019. Retrieved December 5, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=%27Gold%2C+guns+and+goons%27%3A+Why+the+Philippines%27+Rodrigo+Duterte+remains+incredibly+popular&rft.date=2019-05-10&rft.aulast=Weedon&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2019-05-10%2Fduterte-rodrigo-philippines-president-popular-despite-criticism%2F11058752&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Philippine_News_Agency-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Philippine_News_Agency_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philippine_News_Agency_45-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2022" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (April 11, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220411234748/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1172012">"Duterte's end of term high rating 'rarity' in PH pres'l politics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1172012">the original</a> on April 11, 2022. Retrieved May 13, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+end+of+term+high+rating+%27rarity%27+in+PH+pres%27l+politics&rft.date=2022-04-11&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1172012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cruz-2022-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cruz-2022_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cruz-2022_46-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCruz2022" class="citation news cs1">Cruz, Kaithreen (June 27, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627031050/https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/06/27/news/duterte-most-popular-post-edsa-president-publicus/1848860">"Duterte most popular post-EDSA president - Publicus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/06/27/news/duterte-most-popular-post-edsa-president-publicus/1848860">the original</a> on June 27, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Duterte+most+popular+post-EDSA+president+-+Publicus&rft.date=2022-06-27&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=Kaithreen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2022%2F06%2F27%2Fnews%2Fduterte-most-popular-post-edsa-president-publicus%2F1848860&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-returnshome-47"><a href="#cite_ref-returnshome_47-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLopez2015" class="citation news cs1">Lopez, Alexander (May 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mb.com.ph/duterte-returns-home-on-mothers-day/">"Duterte returns home on Mother's Day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Retrieved February 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+returns+home+on+Mother%27s+Day&rft.date=2015-05-11&rft.aulast=Lopez&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mb.com.ph%2Fduterte-returns-home-on-mothers-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Halili,_M.C._2010-48"><a href="#cite_ref-Halili,_M.C._2010_48-0">^</a> Halili, M.C. (2010). Philippine History. Rex Book Store, Inc. </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy-defence/article/2038385/will-playing-chinese-ancestry-card-help-rodrigo-duterte">"Will playing the Chinese ancestry card help Rodrigo Duterte win over Beijing?"</a>. South China Morning Post. October 20, 2016. Retrieved April 3, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Will+playing+the+Chinese+ancestry+card+help+Rodrigo+Duterte+win+over+Beijing%3F&rft.date=2016-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fdiplomacy-defence%2Farticle%2F2038385%2Fwill-playing-chinese-ancestry-card-help-rodrigo-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161104075449/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/793140/rodrigo-duterte-family-tree">"LOOK: Who's who in Duterte family tree"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. June 30, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/793140/rodrigo-duterte-family-tree">the original</a> on November 4, 2016. Retrieved December 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=LOOK%3A+Who%27s+who+in+Duterte+family+tree&rft.date=2016-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F793140%2Frodrigo-duterte-family-tree&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2016/06/29/supplements/unknown-facts-about-president-duterte/270749/">"Unknown facts about President Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. June 29, 2016. Retrieved April 15, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Unknown+facts+about+President+Duterte&rft.date=2016-06-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2016%2F06%2F29%2Fsupplements%2Funknown-facts-about-president-duterte%2F270749%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElemia2015" class="citation news cs1">Elemia, Camille (November 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/grace-poe-campaign-manager-ace-durano-relative-duterte">"Grace Poe campaign manager is Duterte's nephew"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Retrieved April 15, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Grace+Poe+campaign+manager+is+Duterte%27s+nephew&rft.date=2015-11-30&rft.aulast=Elemia&rft.aufirst=Camille&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2Felections%2Fgrace-poe-campaign-manager-ace-durano-relative-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DuterteZamboTimes-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DuterteZamboTimes_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DuterteZamboTimes_53-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306013153/http://www.zamboangatimes.ph/top-news/14939-mayor-rodrigo-roa-duterte-leytes-first-president.html">"Mayor Rodrigo Roa Duterte: Leyte's first president?"</a>. Daily Zamboanga Times. May 20, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zamboangatimes.ph/top-news/14939-mayor-rodrigo-roa-duterte-leytes-first-president.html">the original</a> on March 6, 2016. Retrieved September 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Zamboanga+Times&rft.atitle=Mayor+Rodrigo+Roa+Duterte%3A+Leyte%27s+first+president%3F&rft.date=2015-05-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zamboangatimes.ph%2Ftop-news%2F14939-mayor-rodrigo-roa-duterte-leytes-first-president.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PresidentGovPH-54"><a href="#cite_ref-PresidentGovPH_54-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160708082800/http://president.gov.ph/">"About President Duterte"</a>. Office of the President of the Philippines. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://president.gov.ph/">the original</a> on July 8, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+the+President+of+the+Philippines&rft.atitle=About+President+Duterte&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpresident.gov.ph%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/121919-duterte-marcos-best-president/">"Marcos best president if not for dictatorship – Duterte"</a>. February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marcos+best+president+if+not+for+dictatorship+%E2%80%93+Duterte&rft.date=2016-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2Felections%2F121919-duterte-marcos-best-president%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorrales2016" class="citation news cs1">Corrales, Nestor (February 25, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/768534/duterte-returns-to-his-roots-in-danao-city-cebu-for-campaign-activities">"Duterte returns to his roots in Danao City, Cebu for campaign activities"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved July 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+returns+to+his+roots+in+Danao+City%2C+Cebu+for+campaign+activities&rft.date=2016-02-25&rft.aulast=Corrales&rft.aufirst=Nestor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F768534%2Fduterte-returns-to-his-roots-in-danao-city-cebu-for-campaign-activities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RAFIOrgPH-SoledadRoa-57"><a href="#cite_ref-RAFIOrgPH-SoledadRoa_57-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140315131529/http://rafi.org.ph/triennialawards/awardee/soledad-roa-duterte/">"Soledad Roa Duterte"</a>. RAFI Triennial Awards. Ramon Aboitiz Foundation Inc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rafi.org.ph/triennialawards/awardee/soledad-roa-duterte/">the original</a> on March 15, 2014. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RAFI+Triennial+Awards&rft.atitle=Soledad+Roa+Duterte&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frafi.org.ph%2Ftriennialawards%2Fawardee%2Fsoledad-roa-duterte%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanada2016" class="citation news cs1">Ranada, Pia (May 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/rody-duterte-rebellious-son-prankster-brother">"Rody Duterte: The rebellious son, the prankster brother"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Retrieved April 15, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Rody+Duterte%3A+The+rebellious+son%2C+the+prankster+brother&rft.date=2016-05-20&rft.aulast=Ranada&rft.aufirst=Pia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2Fin-depth%2Frody-duterte-rebellious-son-prankster-brother&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolido2015" class="citation news cs1">Bolido, Linda B. (March 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150313165103/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/677750/duterte-is-lpus-outstanding-alumnus">"Duterte is LPU's outstanding alumnus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/677750/duterte-is-lpus-outstanding-alumnus">the original</a> on March 13, 2015. Retrieved April 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+is+LPU%27s+outstanding+alumnus&rft.date=2015-03-10&rft.aulast=Bolido&rft.aufirst=Linda+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F677750%2Fduterte-is-lpus-outstanding-alumnus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LPUDavao-Duterte-60"><a href="#cite_ref-LPUDavao-Duterte_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180811010851/https://www.lpudavao.edu.ph/alumni/">"H.E. Rodrigo Roa Duterte"</a>. Lyceum of the Philippines – Davao. June 21, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lpudavao.edu.ph/alumni/">the original</a> on August 11, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lyceum+of+the+Philippines+%E2%80%93+Davao&rft.atitle=H.E.+Rodrigo+Roa+Duterte&rft.date=2018-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lpudavao.edu.ph%2Falumni%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171128050422/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/11/25/duterte-awards-san-beda-scout-ranger.html">"Duterte receives awards from San Beda, First Scout Ranger Regiment"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. November 25, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/11/25/duterte-awards-san-beda-scout-ranger.html">the original</a> on November 28, 2017. Retrieved April 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+receives+awards+from+San+Beda%2C+First+Scout+Ranger+Regiment&rft.date=2017-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F11%2F25%2Fduterte-awards-san-beda-scout-ranger.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAurelio2018" class="citation news cs1">Aurelio, Julie M. (May 31, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109040211/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/996064/why-duterte-almost-missed-the-bar-exams">"Why Duterte almost missed the bar exams"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/996064/why-duterte-almost-missed-the-bar-exams">the original</a> on November 9, 2020. Retrieved April 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Why+Duterte+almost+missed+the+bar+exams&rft.date=2018-05-31&rft.aulast=Aurelio&rft.aufirst=Julie+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F996064%2Fwhy-duterte-almost-missed-the-bar-exams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gonzales-2005-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gonzales-2005_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gonzales-2005_63-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gonzales-2005_63-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzales2005" class="citation news cs1">Gonzales, Daisy C. (November 13, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060507062859/https://www.bulatlat.com/news/5-40/5-40-duterte.htm">"The Rise and Rise of Rodrigo Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bulatlat" title="Bulatlat">Bulatlat</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bulatlat.com/news/5-40/5-40-duterte.htm">the original</a> on May 7, 2006. Retrieved November 14, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulatlat&rft.atitle=The+Rise+and+Rise+of+Rodrigo+Duterte&rft.date=2005-11-13&rft.aulast=Gonzales&rft.aufirst=Daisy+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bulatlat.com%2Fnews%2F5-40%2F5-40-duterte.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160218014705/https://www.inquirer.net/elections2016/rodrigo-duterte/">"Election 2016"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inquirer.net/elections2016/rodrigo-duterte/">the original</a> on February 18, 2016. Retrieved April 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Election+2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inquirer.net%2Felections2016%2Frodrigo-duterte%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RedAndWhiteBall-65"><a href="#cite_ref-RedAndWhiteBall_65-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181126103216/https://www.sanbeda.edu.ph/download_file/1538467209_1530553079-red-and-white-ball-2017.pdf">"President Rodrigo R. Duterte (Law '72)"</a> (PDF). Red and White Ball. San Beda College Alumni Association: 10–13. 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sanbeda.edu.ph/download_file/1538467209_1530553079-red-and-white-ball-2017.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on November 26, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Red+and+White+Ball&rft.atitle=President+Rodrigo+R.+Duterte+%28Law+%2772%29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E10-%3C%2Fspan%3E13&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanbeda.edu.ph%2Fdownload_file%2F1538467209_1530553079-red-and-white-ball-2017.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-SexuallyAbused-66">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-SexuallyAbused_66-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-SexuallyAbused_66-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacorte2015" class="citation news cs1">Lacorte, Germelina (December 4, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160308170821/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/744824/duterte-names-priest-who-allegedly-molested-him-as-teen">"Duterte names priest who allegedly molested him as teen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/744824/duterte-names-priest-who-allegedly-molested-him-as-teen">the original</a> on March 8, 2016. Retrieved December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+names+priest+who+allegedly+molested+him+as+teen&rft.date=2015-12-04&rft.aulast=Lacorte&rft.aufirst=Germelina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F744824%2Fduterte-names-priest-who-allegedly-molested-him-as-teen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://globalnation.inquirer.net/133393/jesuit-order-paid-16m-to-settle-falvey-case-in-us">"Jesuit order paid USD16M to settle Falvey case in US"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. December 5, 2015. Retrieved December 17, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Jesuit+order+paid+USD16M+to+settle+Falvey+case+in+US&rft.date=2015-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F133393%2Fjesuit-order-paid-16m-to-settle-falvey-case-in-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GMA-TooYoung-68"><a href="#cite_ref-GMA-TooYoung_68-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304092956/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/546770/news/nation/duterte-says-he-was-too-young-to-complain-about-priest-s-abuse">"PDP–Laban Bet to Meet Davao Prelate; Duterte says he was too young to complain about priest's abuse"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. December 4, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/546770/news/nation/duterte-says-he-was-too-young-to-complain-about-priest-s-abuse">the original</a> on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=PDP%E2%80%93Laban+Bet+to+Meet+Davao+Prelate%3B+Duterte+says+he+was+too+young+to+complain+about+priest%27s+abuse&rft.date=2015-12-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F546770%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fduterte-says-he-was-too-young-to-complain-about-priest-s-abuse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/780836/law-student-duterte-shot-frat-brod-on-campus-in-72">"Law student Duterte shot frat brod on campus in '72"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. May 22, 2016. Retrieved September 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Law+student+Duterte+shot+frat+brod+on+campus+in+%2772&rft.date=2016-05-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F780836%2Flaw-student-duterte-shot-frat-brod-on-campus-in-72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/563671/news/nation/ex-classmate-bares-details-of-shooting-incident-between-duterte-friend/">"Ex-classmate bares details of shooting incident between Duterte, friend"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Retrieved November 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Ex-classmate+bares+details+of+shooting+incident+between+Duterte%2C+friend&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F563671%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fex-classmate-bares-details-of-shooting-incident-between-duterte-friend%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGulla2018" class="citation news cs1">Gulla, Vivienne (March 7, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241030164749/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/03/07/18/duterte-credits-cory-aquino-for-his-political-career">"Duterte credits Cory Aquino for his political career"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/03/07/18/duterte-credits-cory-aquino-for-his-political-career">the original</a> on October 30, 2024. Retrieved October 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+credits+Cory+Aquino+for+his+political+career&rft.date=2018-03-07&rft.aulast=Gulla&rft.aufirst=Vivienne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F03%2F07%2F18%2Fduterte-credits-cory-aquino-for-his-political-career&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lZAtAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA8">"Asistio proclamation snagged by protest"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Standard" title="Manila Standard">Manila Standard</a>. Manila Standard. January 31, 1988. p. 8. Retrieved October 30, 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/Google_News_Archive" title="Google News Archive">Google News Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Standard&rft.atitle=Asistio+proclamation+snagged+by+protest&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1988-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlZAtAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeltran1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Louie_Beltran" title="Louie Beltran">Beltran, Luis D.</a> (March 11, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LK8mAAAAIBAJ&sjid=CAsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6369%2C1737842">"The relevance of political parties"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Standard" title="Manila Standard">Manila Standard</a>. Kagitingan Publications, Inc. p. 9. Retrieved May 19, 2021. <q>Enrile has been busy recruiting new NP members – Mayor Duterte of Davao City, for example...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Standard&rft.atitle=The+relevance+of+political+parties&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1991-03-11&rft.aulast=Beltran&rft.aufirst=Luis+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DLK8mAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DCAsEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6369%252C1737842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShenon1995" class="citation news cs1">Shenon, Philip (March 22, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/22/world/outcry-mounts-in-philippines-over-hanging.html">"Outcry Mounts in Philippines Over Hanging"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved May 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Outcry+Mounts+in+Philippines+Over+Hanging&rft.date=1995-03-22&rft.aulast=Shenon&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F03%2F22%2Fworld%2Foutcry-mounts-in-philippines-over-hanging.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDancel" class="citation news cs1">Dancel, Raul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/spokesman-for-rodrigo-duterte-says-remarks-on-burning-singapore-flag-made-jokingly">"Spokesman for Rodrigo Duterte says remarks on burning Singapore flag made 'jokingly'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Straits_Times" title="The Straits Times">The Straits Times</a>. Retrieved May 7, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Spokesman+for+Rodrigo+Duterte+says+remarks+on+burning+Singapore+flag+made+%27jokingly%27&rft.aulast=Dancel&rft.aufirst=Raul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fasia%2Fse-asia%2Fspokesman-for-rodrigo-duterte-says-remarks-on-burning-singapore-flag-made-jokingly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2016" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Reynaldo Jr. (May 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/134492-congressman-rodrigo-duterte-davao-city/">"How did Rodrigo Duterte fare as congressman?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=How+did+Rodrigo+Duterte+fare+as+congressman%3F&rft.date=2016-05-28&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Reynaldo+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2Fiq%2F134492-congressman-rodrigo-duterte-davao-city%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanuday2001" class="citation news cs1">Canuday, Jowel F. (March 2, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r6U2AAAAIBAJ&pg=PA14">"Davao City poll drive: It's all in the family"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. p. A14. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Davao+City+poll+drive%3A+It%27s+all+in+the+family&rft.pages=A14&rft.date=2001-03-02&rft.aulast=Canuday&rft.aufirst=Jowel+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr6U2AAAAIBAJ%26pg%3DPA14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220317110924/https://www.philstar.com/nation/2004/05/18/250446/landslide-win-davao146s-duterte">"Landslide win for Davao's Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. May 18, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/nation/2004/05/18/250446/landslide-win-davao146s-duterte">the original</a> on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Landslide+win+for+Davao%27s+Duterte&rft.date=2004-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fnation%2F2004%2F05%2F18%2F250446%2Flandslide-win-davao146s-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArguillas2016" class="citation news cs1">Arguillas, Carolyn O. (May 11, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160922221257/https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2016/05/rodrigo-roa-duterte-16th-president-first-mindanawon-to-lead-the-country/">"Rodrigo Roa Duterte: 16th President, first Mindanawon to lead the country"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MindaNews" title="MindaNews">MindaNews</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2016/05/rodrigo-roa-duterte-16th-president-first-mindanawon-to-lead-the-country/">the original</a> on September 22, 2016. Retrieved June 19, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MindaNews&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Roa+Duterte%3A+16th+President%2C+first+Mindanawon+to+lead+the+country&rft.date=2016-05-11&rft.aulast=Arguillas&rft.aufirst=Carolyn+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mindanews.com%2Ftop-stories%2F2016%2F05%2Frodrigo-roa-duterte-16th-president-first-mindanawon-to-lead-the-country%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSubingsubing2021" class="citation news cs1">Subingsubing, Krixia (January 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1384852/leni-sara-react-to-rodys-remarks-on-female-leaders">"Robredo, Sara Duterte react to President's remarks on female leaders"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved April 15, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Robredo%2C+Sara+Duterte+react+to+President%27s+remarks+on+female+leaders&rft.date=2021-01-18&rft.aulast=Subingsubing&rft.aufirst=Krixia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1384852%2Fleni-sara-react-to-rodys-remarks-on-female-leaders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SunStar-2013QuakeAid-81"><a href="#cite_ref-SunStar-2013QuakeAid_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaruVestilPinedaFelicitas2013" class="citation news cs1">Maru, Davinci S.; Vestil, Justin K.; Pineda, Oscar C.; Felicitas, Princess Dawn H. (October 22, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131025010148/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/local-news/2013/10/22/davao-brings-p18m-help-cebu-bohol-309893">"Davao brings P18M as help to Cebu, Bohol"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/local-news/2013/10/22/davao-brings-p18m-help-cebu-bohol-309893">the original</a> on October 25, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Davao+brings+P18M+as+help+to+Cebu%2C+Bohol&rft.date=2013-10-22&rft.aulast=Maru&rft.aufirst=Davinci+S.&rft.au=Vestil%2C+Justin+K.&rft.au=Pineda%2C+Oscar+C.&rft.au=Felicitas%2C+Princess+Dawn+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fcebu%2Flocal-news%2F2013%2F10%2F22%2Fdavao-brings-p18m-help-cebu-bohol-309893&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DavaoCityGovPH-GADAwards-82"><a href="#cite_ref-DavaoCityGovPH-GADAwards_82-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505195956/http://www.davaocity.gov.ph/igdd/downloads/report.pdf">"Davao City's GAD Awards"</a> (PDF). Davao City (government website). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.davaocity.gov.ph/igdd/downloads/report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on May 5, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Davao+City+%28government+website%29&rft.atitle=Davao+City%27s+GAD+Awards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.davaocity.gov.ph%2Figdd%2Fdownloads%2Freport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastillo,_B.L.2016" class="citation news cs1">Castillo, B.L. (May 14, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171102213432/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/2016/05/14/national-women-code-eyed-dutertes-term-473693">"National women code eyed in Duterte's term"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/2016/05/14/national-women-code-eyed-dutertes-term-473693">the original</a> on November 2, 2017. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=National+women+code+eyed+in+Duterte%27s+term&rft.date=2016-05-14&rft.au=Castillo%2C+B.L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Flocal-news%2F2016%2F05%2F14%2Fnational-women-code-eyed-dutertes-term-473693&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GMANews-SwimsuitBan-84"><a href="#cite_ref-GMANews-SwimsuitBan_84-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161219063030/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/46973/news/regions/davao-city-bans-bikini-contests-report">"Davao City bans bikini contests – report"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. June 17, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/46973/news/regions/davao-city-bans-bikini-contests-report">the original</a> on December 19, 2016. Retrieved December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Davao+City+bans+bikini+contests+%E2%80%93+report&rft.date=2007-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F46973%2Fnews%2Fregions%2Fdavao-city-bans-bikini-contests-report&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilStar-GawadKalinga-85"><a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-GawadKalinga_85-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsteves2008" class="citation news cs1">Esteves, Patricia (March 16, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160630161539/http://www.philstar.com/headlines/50455/gawad-kalinga-builds-humane-haven-davao-female-inmates">"Gawad Kalinga builds humane haven for Davao female inmates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/50455/gawad-kalinga-builds-humane-haven-davao-female-inmates">the original</a> on June 30, 2016. Retrieved December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Gawad+Kalinga+builds+humane+haven+for+Davao+female+inmates&rft.date=2008-03-16&rft.aulast=Esteves&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F50455%2Fgawad-kalinga-builds-humane-haven-davao-female-inmates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heydarian-2017-86"><a href="#cite_ref-Heydarian-2017_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeydarian2017" class="citation book cs1">Heydarian, Richard Javad (September 15, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cvs1DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA35">The Rise of Duterte: A Populist Revolt against Elite Democracy</a>. Springer. p. 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-10-5918-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-10-5918-6"><bdi>978-981-10-5918-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved March 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+Duterte%3A+A+Populist+Revolt+against+Elite+Democracy&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2017-09-15&rft.isbn=978-981-10-5918-6&rft.aulast=Heydarian&rft.aufirst=Richard+Javad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcvs1DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHegina" class="citation news cs1">Hegina, Aries Joseph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnation.inquirer.net/125132/davao-city-improves-to-5th-in-ranking-of-worlds-safest-cities">"Davao City improves to 5th in ranking of world's safest cities"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved November 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Davao+City+improves+to+5th+in+ranking+of+world%27s+safest+cities&rft.aulast=Hegina&rft.aufirst=Aries+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F125132%2Fdavao-city-improves-to-5th-in-ranking-of-worlds-safest-cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLlemit2019" class="citation news cs1">Llemit, Ralph Lawrence G. (August 5, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190805162214/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1817328">"Davao 2nd top safest city in SEA"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph//article/1817328">the original</a> on August 5, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Davao+2nd+top+safest+city+in+SEA&rft.date=2019-08-05&rft.aulast=Llemit&rft.aufirst=Ralph+Lawrence+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2F%2Farticle%2F1817328&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/02/philippines-president-duterte-drugs-war-death-squads">"Thousands dead: the Philippine president, the death squad allegations and a brutal drugs war"</a>. The Guardian. April 2, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Thousands+dead%3A+the+Philippine+president%2C+the+death+squad+allegations+and+a+brutal+drugs+war&rft.date=2017-04-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fapr%2F02%2Fphilippines-president-duterte-drugs-war-death-squads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/9d6225dc-e805-11e6-967b-c88452263daf?mhq5j=e6">"Drugs and death in Davao: the making of Rodrigo Duterte"</a>. Financial Times. February 2, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Drugs+and+death+in+Davao%3A+the+making+of+Rodrigo+Duterte&rft.date=2017-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F9d6225dc-e805-11e6-967b-c88452263daf%3Fmhq5j%3De6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB">"Philippine death squads very much in business as Duterte set for presidency"</a>. Reuters. May 26, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016. <q>Today, thanks to Duterte's campaigns against drugs and crime, Davao today feels much safer, say the locals. But it still ranks first among 15 Philippine cities for murder and second for rape, according to the national police.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippine+death+squads+very+much+in+business+as+Duterte+set+for+presidency&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-duterte-killings-insight-idUSKCN0YG0EB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/690922/another-child-friendly-award-given-davao">"Another child-friendly award given Davao"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. May 13, 2015. Retrieved July 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Another+child-friendly+award+given+Davao&rft.date=2015-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F690922%2Fanother-child-friendly-award-given-davao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/409592/Davao-City-bags-Kalasag-Most-Child-Friendly-awards">"Davao City bags Kalasag, Most Child-Friendly awards"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. December 12, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Davao+City+bags+Kalasag%2C+Most+Child-Friendly+awards&rft.date=2017-12-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Farticle%2F409592%2FDavao-City-bags-Kalasag-Most-Child-Friendly-awards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMejos,_A.I.2015" class="citation news cs1">Mejos, A.I. (April 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/684841/davao-citys-speed-limit-reduces-accidents-but-businesses-also-affected">"Davao City's speed limit reduces accidents, but businesses also affected"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Davao+City%27s+speed+limit+reduces+accidents%2C+but+businesses+also+affected&rft.date=2015-04-11&rft.au=Mejos%2C+A.I.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F684841%2Fdavao-citys-speed-limit-reduces-accidents-but-businesses-also-affected&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegalado2014" class="citation news cs1">Regalado, E. (February 13, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/nation/2014/02/13/1289610/noy-complies-davao-citys-smoking-ordinance">"Noy complies with Davao City's smoking ordinance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Noy+complies+with+Davao+City%27s+smoking+ordinance&rft.date=2014-02-13&rft.aulast=Regalado&rft.aufirst=E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fnation%2F2014%2F02%2F13%2F1289610%2Fnoy-complies-davao-citys-smoking-ordinance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnnphdvo-96"><a href="#cite_ref-cnnphdvo_96-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTordecilla,_K.2016" class="citation news cs1">Tordecilla, K. (May 18, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160919004529/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/17/davao-city-ordinances.html">"Davao City ordinances that may be implemented nationwide under a Duterte presidency"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/17/davao-city-ordinances.html">the original</a> on September 19, 2016. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Davao+City+ordinances+that+may+be+implemented+nationwide+under+a+Duterte+presidency&rft.date=2016-05-18&rft.au=Tordecilla%2C+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F05%2F17%2Fdavao-city-ordinances.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOcampo2016" class="citation news cs1">Ocampo, Y.D. (August 5, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mb.com.ph/davaos-central-911-serves-as-model-for-national-counterpart/">"Davao's Central 911 serves as model for national counterpart"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Davao%27s+Central+911+serves+as+model+for+national+counterpart&rft.date=2016-08-05&rft.aulast=Ocampo&rft.aufirst=Y.D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mb.com.ph%2Fdavaos-central-911-serves-as-model-for-national-counterpart%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112040749/https://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=Nation">"Malls in Davao told to follow security rules"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a>. September 26, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=Nation&title=malls-in-davao-told-to-follow-security-rules&id=77014">the original</a> on November 12, 2020. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=Malls+in+Davao+told+to+follow+security+rules&rft.date=2013-09-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Fcontent.php%3Fsection%3DNation%26title%3Dmalls-in-davao-told-to-follow-security-rules%26id%3D77014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-CigaretteSwallow-99"><a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-CigaretteSwallow_99-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzales2015" class="citation news cs1">Gonzales, Yuji Vincent (September 3, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905145735/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/719038/davao-tourist-swallows-cigarette-butt-after-reprimand-from-duterte">"Davao tourist swallows cigarette butt after reprimand from Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/719038/davao-tourist-swallows-cigarette-butt-after-reprimand-from-duterte">the original</a> on September 5, 2015. Retrieved December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Davao+tourist+swallows+cigarette+butt+after+reprimand+from+Duterte&rft.date=2015-09-03&rft.aulast=Gonzales&rft.aufirst=Yuji+Vincent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F719038%2Fdavao-tourist-swallows-cigarette-butt-after-reprimand-from-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMateo2015" class="citation news cs1">Mateo, Janvic (September 4, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003062953/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2015/09/04/1496083/chr-government-officials-treat-people-respect">"CHR to government officials: Treat people with respect"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2015/09/04/1496083/chr-government-officials-treat-people-respect">the original</a> on October 3, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=CHR+to+government+officials%3A+Treat+people+with+respect&rft.date=2015-09-04&rft.aulast=Mateo&rft.aufirst=Janvic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2015%2F09%2F04%2F1496083%2Fchr-government-officials-treat-people-respect&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HRWOrg-TheRise-101"><a href="#cite_ref-HRWOrg-TheRise_101-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160901200109/https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/07/17/rodrigo-duterte-rise-philippines-death-squad-mayor">"Rodrigo Duterte: The Rise of Philippines' Death Squad Mayor"</a>. Human Rights Watch. The Mark News. July 17, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/07/17/rodrigo-duterte-rise-philippines-death-squad-mayor">the original</a> on September 1, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte%3A+The+Rise+of+Philippines%27+Death+Squad+Mayor&rft.date=2015-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2015%2F07%2F17%2Frodrigo-duterte-rise-philippines-death-squad-mayor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-www.ohchr.org-102"><a href="#cite_ref-www.ohchr.org_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/11session/A.HRC.11.2.Add.8.pdf">"Report of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions"</a> (PDF). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+the+United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for+Human+Rights&rft.atitle=Report+of+the+Special+Rapporteur+on+extrajudicial%2C+summary+or+arbitrary+executions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.ohchr.org%2Fenglish%2Fbodies%2Fhrcouncil%2Fdocs%2F11session%2FA.HRC.11.2.Add.8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-Lacorte-2015-103">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-Lacorte-2015_103-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-Lacorte-2015_103-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacorte2015" class="citation news cs1">Lacorte, Germelina (May 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150517231926/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/691527/dutertes-secret-in-keeping-davao-city-phs-safest-kill-criminals">"Duterte on criminals: 'Kill all of them'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/691527/dutertes-secret-in-keeping-davao-city-phs-safest-kill-criminals">the original</a> on May 17, 2015. Retrieved March 29, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+on+criminals%3A+%27Kill+all+of+them%27&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft.aulast=Lacorte&rft.aufirst=Germelina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F691527%2Fdutertes-secret-in-keeping-davao-city-phs-safest-kill-criminals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/regions/05/25/15/duterte-admits-links-davao-death-squad-says-hell-kill-100000-criminals">"Duterte admits links to Davao Death Squad"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+admits+links+to+Davao+Death+Squad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs-cbnnews.com%2Fnation%2Fregions%2F05%2F25%2F15%2Fduterte-admits-links-davao-death-squad-says-hell-kill-100000-criminals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Human_Rights_Watch-105"><a href="#cite_ref-Human_Rights_Watch_105-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/philippines0409webwcover_0.pdf">""You Can Die Any Time" Death Squad Killings in Mindanao"</a> (PDF). Human Rights Watch. Retrieved September 6, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=%22You+Can+Die+Any+Time%22+Death+Squad+Killings+in+Mindanao&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Freports%2Fphilippines0409webwcover_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-www.news.com.au-106"><a href="#cite_ref-www.news.com.au_106-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140906113159/http://www.news.com.au/world/asia/the-philippines-reallife-punisher-davao-city-mayor-rodrigo-duterte-urged-to-run-for-president/story-fnh81fz8-1226973937374">"The Philippines' real-life Punisher, Davao City Mayor Rodrigo Duterte, urged to run for president"</a>. News.com.au. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.com.au/world/asia/the-philippines-reallife-punisher-davao-city-mayor-rodrigo-duterte-urged-to-run-for-president/story-fnh81fz8-1226973937374">the original</a> on September 6, 2014. Retrieved September 6, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News.com.au&rft.atitle=The+Philippines%27+real-life+Punisher%2C+Davao+City+Mayor+Rodrigo+Duterte%2C+urged+to+run+for+president&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com.au%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fthe-philippines-reallife-punisher-davao-city-mayor-rodrigo-duterte-urged-to-run-for-president%2Fstory-fnh81fz8-1226973937374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamos2023" class="citation news cs1">Ramos, Marlon (October 17, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1846808/rodrigo-duterte-remark-he-funded-davao-slays-sent-to-icc">"Rodrigo Duterte remark he funded Davao slays sent to ICC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, Philippines. Retrieved October 23, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte+remark+he+funded+Davao+slays+sent+to+ICC&rft.date=2023-10-17&rft.aulast=Ramos&rft.aufirst=Marlon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1846808%2Frodrigo-duterte-remark-he-funded-davao-slays-sent-to-icc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSonshine_Media_Network_International2023" class="citation audio-visual cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2"><a href="/wiki/Sonshine_Media_Network_International" title="Sonshine Media Network International">Sonshine Media Network International</a> (October 11, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=miDJCWnLynM&t=4316s">Gikan sa Masa, Para sa Masa (OCTOBER.10.2023)</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> (in Filipino and English). <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google LLC</a>. Event occurs at 1:11:57. Retrieved October 23, 2023. <q>Kinain ko yung intelligence fund... Ang intelligence fund, binili ko, pinapatay ko lahat.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gikan+sa+Masa%2C+Para+sa+Masa+%28OCTOBER.10.2023%29&rft.pub=Google+LLC&rft.date=2023-10-11&rft.au=Sonshine+Media+Network+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DmiDJCWnLynM%26t%3D4316s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://davaotoday.com/main/politics/duterte-mindanao-leaders-bat-federalism/">"Duterte, Mindanao leaders bat federalism"</a>. Davao Today. September 14, 2014. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Davao+Today&rft.atitle=Duterte%2C+Mindanao+leaders+bat+federalism&rft.date=2014-09-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdavaotoday.com%2Fmain%2Fpolitics%2Fduterte-mindanao-leaders-bat-federalism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCasas2014" class="citation news cs1">Casas, Arianne Caryl (November 30, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141213180224/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/2014/11/30/federalism-summit-davao-today-379430">"Federalism summit in Davao today"</a>. Sun.Star. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/2014/11/30/federalism-summit-davao-today-379430">the original</a> on December 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sun.Star&rft.atitle=Federalism+summit+in+Davao+today&rft.date=2014-11-30&rft.aulast=Casas&rft.aufirst=Arianne+Caryl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Flocal-news%2F2014%2F11%2F30%2Ffederalism-summit-davao-today-379430&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMellejor2014" class="citation news cs1">Mellejor, Lilian C. (November 14, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philippinestoday.net/archives/17403">"Davao mayor convenes Mindanao leaders for Federalism summit"</a>. Philippines Today. Retrieved April 27, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippines+Today&rft.atitle=Davao+mayor+convenes+Mindanao+leaders+for+Federalism+summit&rft.date=2014-11-14&rft.aulast=Mellejor&rft.aufirst=Lilian+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philippinestoday.net%2Farchives%2F17403&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsmaquel2015" class="citation news cs1">Esmaquel, Paterno II (February 21, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240727072014/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/84620-rodrigo-duterte-pdp-laban/">"Duterte 're-enters' PDP-Laban amid 2016 prospects"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/84620-rodrigo-duterte-pdp-laban/">the original</a> on July 27, 2024. Retrieved July 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Duterte+%27re-enters%27+PDP-Laban+amid+2016+prospects&rft.date=2015-02-21&rft.aulast=Esmaquel&rft.aufirst=Paterno+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2F84620-rodrigo-duterte-pdp-laban%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofilena2015" class="citation news cs1">Hofilena, Chay (March 17, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240730123351/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/87143-duterte-ranks-3-presidential-preference-poll/">"Duterte is No. 3 in presidential preference poll"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/87143-duterte-ranks-3-presidential-preference-poll/">the original</a> on July 30, 2024. Retrieved July 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Duterte+is+No.+3+in+presidential+preference+poll&rft.date=2015-03-17&rft.aulast=Hofilena&rft.aufirst=Chay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2F87143-duterte-ranks-3-presidential-preference-poll%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzales2015" class="citation news cs1">Gonzales, Yuji Vincent (September 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150910015552/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/719960/dutertes-final-answer-i-wont-run-for-president">"Duterte's final answer: I won't run for president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/719960/dutertes-final-answer-i-wont-run-for-president">the original</a> on September 10, 2015. Retrieved July 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+final+answer%3A+I+won%27t+run+for+president&rft.date=2015-09-07&rft.aulast=Gonzales&rft.aufirst=Yuji+Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F719960%2Fdutertes-final-answer-i-wont-run-for-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ranada-2015-115">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ranada-2015_115-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ranada-2015_115-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanada2015" class="citation news cs1">Ranada, Pia (October 12, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240605045202/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/elections/109018-rodrigo-duterte-not-running-president/">"Rodrigo Duterte: Sorry, I will not run for president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/elections/109018-rodrigo-duterte-not-running-president/">the original</a> on June 5, 2024. Retrieved July 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte%3A+Sorry%2C+I+will+not+run+for+president&rft.date=2015-10-12&rft.aulast=Ranada&rft.aufirst=Pia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2Felections%2F109018-rodrigo-duterte-not-running-president%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTakumi2015" class="citation news cs1">Takumi, Rie (October 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240201221443/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/542407/martin-dino-withdraws-candidacy-for-president-names-duterte-as-substitute/story/">"Martin Diño withdraws candidacy for president, names Duterte as substitute"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/542407/martin-dino-withdraws-candidacy-for-president-names-duterte-as-substitute/story/">the original</a> on February 1, 2024. Retrieved July 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Martin+Di%C3%B1o+withdraws+candidacy+for+president%2C+names+Duterte+as+substitute&rft.date=2015-10-29&rft.aulast=Takumi&rft.aufirst=Rie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F542407%2Fmartin-dino-withdraws-candidacy-for-president-names-duterte-as-substitute%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDioquino2015" class="citation news cs1">Dioquino, Rose-An Jessica (November 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/545982/news/nation/duterte-files-coc-for-president">"Duterte files COC for president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Retrieved July 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Duterte+files+COC+for+president&rft.date=2015-11-27&rft.aulast=Dioquino&rft.aufirst=Rose-An+Jessica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F545982%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fduterte-files-coc-for-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151123202534/http://www.mb.com.ph/duterte-makes-a-stand/">"Duterte makes a stand"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mb.com.ph/duterte-makes-a-stand/#LubMmVQSGTGM834v.99">the original</a> on November 23, 2015. Retrieved November 22, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+makes+a+stand&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mb.com.ph%2Fduterte-makes-a-stand%2F%23LubMmVQSGTGM834v.99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cook-Salazar-2016-119">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cook-Salazar-2016_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook-Salazar-2016_119-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCookSalazar2016" class="citation journal cs1">Cook, Malcolm; Salazar, Lorraine (June 22, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iseas.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/pdfs/ISEAS_Perspective_2016_34.pdf">"The Differences Duterte Relied Upon to Win"</a> (PDF). ISEAS Perspective (34). Singapore: <a href="/wiki/ISEAS_%E2%80%93_Yusof_Ishak_Institute" title="ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute">ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2335-6677">2335-6677</a>. Retrieved October 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISEAS+Perspective&rft.atitle=The+Differences+Duterte+Relied+Upon+to+Win&rft.issue=34&rft.date=2016-06-22&rft.issn=2335-6677&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.au=Salazar%2C+Lorraine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iseas.edu.sg%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fpdfs%2FISEAS_Perspective_2016_34.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheGuardian-DeclaresVictory-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheGuardian-DeclaresVictory_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheGuardian-DeclaresVictory_120-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/10/rodrigo-duterte-declares-victory-in-philippines-election-vows-to-rewrite-constitution">"Philippines election: Duterte declares victory and promises change"</a>. The Guardian. Retrieved November 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Philippines+election%3A+Duterte+declares+victory+and+promises+change&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fmay%2F10%2Frodrigo-duterte-declares-victory-in-philippines-election-vows-to-rewrite-constitution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABC6-121">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABC6_121-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABC6_121-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABC6_121-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-04-28/philippine-candidate-rodrigo-duterte-vows-murder-pardon/7365436">"Philippine presidential frontrunner Rodrigo Duterte vows to pardon himself for murder"</a>. Australian Broadcasting Company. Retrieved November 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Broadcasting+Company&rft.atitle=Philippine+presidential+frontrunner+Rodrigo+Duterte+vows+to+pardon+himself+for+murder&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2016-04-28%2Fphilippine-candidate-rodrigo-duterte-vows-murder-pardon%2F7365436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-04-18/rodrigo-duterte-hits-back-back-as-rape-remark-sparks-fury/7333532">"Rodrigo Duterte: Philippines presidential candidate hits back as rape remark sparks fury"</a>. ABC News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte%3A+Philippines+presidential+candidate+hits+back+as+rape+remark+sparks+fury&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2016-04-18%2Frodrigo-duterte-hits-back-back-as-rape-remark-sparks-fury%2F7333532&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/philippine-presidential-candidate-rodrigo-duterte-gang-rape-comments-a6990911.html">"The dark, cruel joke about rape that derailed a presidential campaign"</a>. The Independent. April 19, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=The+dark%2C+cruel+joke+about+rape+that+derailed+a+presidential+campaign&rft.date=2016-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fphilippine-presidential-candidate-rodrigo-duterte-gang-rape-comments-a6990911.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-inq-124"><a href="#cite_ref-inq_124-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacorte,_G.2014" class="citation news cs1">Lacorte, G. (October 10, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/643859/argument-for-federalism-manila-steals-funds">"Argument for federalism: Manila steals funds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved May 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Argument+for+federalism%3A+Manila+steals+funds&rft.date=2014-10-10&rft.au=Lacorte%2C+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F643859%2Fargument-for-federalism-manila-steals-funds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-chacha-125"><a href="#cite_ref-chacha_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacorte,_G.2015" class="citation news cs1">Lacorte, G. (May 17, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/691847/duterte-change-in-form-of-govt-possible-only-through-con-con">"Duterte: Change in form of gov't possible only through 'Con-Con'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved May 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+Change+in+form+of+gov%27t+possible+only+through+%27Con-Con%27&rft.date=2015-05-17&rft.au=Lacorte%2C+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F691847%2Fduterte-change-in-form-of-govt-possible-only-through-con-con&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mb-126">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mb_126-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mb_126-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010133028/http://2016.mb.com.ph/2016/04/28/duterte-open-to-toning-down-constitution-to-accommodate-foreign-investors/comment-page-16/">"Duterte open to 'toning down' Constitution to accommodate foreign investors"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. April 28, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://2016.mb.com.ph/2016/04/28/duterte-open-to-toning-down-constitution-to-accommodate-foreign-investors/comment-page-16/">the original</a> on October 10, 2017. Retrieved May 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+open+to+%27toning+down%27+Constitution+to+accommodate+foreign+investors&rft.date=2016-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2016.mb.com.ph%2F2016%2F04%2F28%2Fduterte-open-to-toning-down-constitution-to-accommodate-foreign-investors%2Fcomment-page-16%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225131751/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/27/official-count-duterte-president-robredo-vp.html">"Official count: Duterte is new president, Robredo is vice president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. May 27, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/27/official-count-duterte-president-robredo-vp.html">the original</a> on December 25, 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Official+count%3A+Duterte+is+new+president%2C+Robredo+is+vice+president&rft.date=2016-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F05%2F27%2Fofficial-count-duterte-president-robredo-vp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160530193202/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/28/Duterte-Robredo-proclamation-set-on-Monday.html">"Lawmakers set Monday proclamation for Duterte, Robredo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. May 28, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/28/Duterte-Robredo-proclamation-set-on-Monday.html">the original</a> on May 30, 2016. Retrieved May 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Lawmakers+set+Monday+proclamation+for+Duterte%2C+Robredo&rft.date=2016-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F05%2F28%2FDuterte-Robredo-proclamation-set-on-Monday.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/788148/congress-proclaims-duterte-robredo-as-new-president-vp-rody-a-no-show">"Duterte, Robredo proclaimed new President, VP; Rody a no-show"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. May 30, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte%2C+Robredo+proclaimed+new+President%2C+VP%3B+Rody+a+no-show&rft.date=2016-05-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F788148%2Fcongress-proclaims-duterte-robredo-as-new-president-vp-rody-a-no-show&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer_1-130"><a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer_1_130-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCayabyab" class="citation news cs1">Cayabyab, Marc Jayson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/787873/leni-robredo-is-vice-president">"Leni Robredo is vice president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved May 27, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Leni+Robredo+is+vice+president&rft.aulast=Cayabyab&rft.aufirst=Marc+Jayson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F787873%2Fleni-robredo-is-vice-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUntalan2017" class="citation journal cs1">Untalan, Carmina Yu (March 1, 2017). Torri, Michelguglielmo; Mocci, Nicola (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asiamaior.org/the-journal/09-asia-maior-vol-xxvii-2016/the-philippines-2016.html">"The Philippines 2016: Democracy in dispute?"</a>. Asia Maior. XXVII. Associazione Asia Maior & CSPE - Centro Studi per i Popoli extra-europei “Cesare Bonacossa” - <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pavia" title="University of Pavia">Università di Pavia</a>: 143–152. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.52056%2F9788867288861%2F06">10.52056/9788867288861/06</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2385-2526">2385-2526</a>. Retrieved October 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Maior&rft.atitle=The+Philippines+2016%3A+Democracy+in+dispute%3F&rft.volume=XXVII&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E143-%3C%2Fspan%3E152&rft.date=2017-03-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.52056%2F9788867288861%2F06&rft.issn=2385-2526&rft.aulast=Untalan&rft.aufirst=Carmina+Yu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asiamaior.org%2Fthe-journal%2F09-asia-maior-vol-xxvii-2016%2Fthe-philippines-2016.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinpengGueorguievArugay2020" class="citation journal cs1">Sinpeng, Aim; Gueorguiev, Dimitar; Arugay, Aries A. (November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-east-asian-studies/article/abs/strong-fans-weak-campaigns-social-media-and-duterte-in-the-2016-philippine-election/35F8393A2160E31A33D63B667FF42A73">"Strong Fans, Weak Campaigns: Social Media and Duterte in the 2016 Philippine Election"</a>. Journal of East Asian Studies. 20 (3): 353–374. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fjea.2020.11">10.1017/jea.2020.11</a>. Retrieved October 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+East+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Strong+Fans%2C+Weak+Campaigns%3A+Social+Media+and+Duterte+in+the+2016+Philippine+Election&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E353-%3C%2Fspan%3E374&rft.date=2020-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fjea.2020.11&rft.aulast=Sinpeng&rft.aufirst=Aim&rft.au=Gueorguiev%2C+Dimitar&rft.au=Arugay%2C+Aries+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fjournal-of-east-asian-studies%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fstrong-fans-weak-campaigns-social-media-and-duterte-in-the-2016-philippine-election%2F35F8393A2160E31A33D63B667FF42A73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230409215243/https://news.abs-cbn.com/halalan2016/nation/05/05/16/inc-endorses-duterte-marcos">"INC endorses Duterte, Marcos"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. May 5, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/halalan2016/nation/05/05/16/inc-endorses-duterte-marcos">the original</a> on April 9, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=INC+endorses+Duterte%2C+Marcos&rft.date=2016-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fhalalan2016%2Fnation%2F05%2F05%2F16%2Finc-endorses-duterte-marcos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNNPhilippines-HisExcellency-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNNPhilippines-HisExcellency_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNNPhilippines-HisExcellency_134-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160817234257/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/22/no-honorifics-for-president-rodrigo-duterte.html">"Malacañang: Drop 'His Excellency' in addressing Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. July 22, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/22/no-honorifics-for-president-rodrigo-duterte.html">the original</a> on August 17, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Malaca%C3%B1ang%3A+Drop+%27His+Excellency%27+in+addressing+Duterte&rft.date=2016-07-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F07%2F22%2Fno-honorifics-for-president-rodrigo-duterte.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-HisExcellency-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-HisExcellency_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-HisExcellency_135-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorrales2016" class="citation news cs1">Corrales, Nestor (July 21, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160721051746/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/797771/drop-his-excellency-its-just-president-duterte">"Drop 'His Excellency,' it's just President Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/797771/drop-his-excellency-its-just-president-duterte">the original</a> on July 21, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Drop+%27His+Excellency%2C%27+it%27s+just+President+Duterte&rft.date=2016-07-21&rft.aulast=Corrales&rft.aufirst=Nestor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F797771%2Fdrop-his-excellency-its-just-president-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manilatimes.net/duterte-tells-public-call-me-mayor/262395/">"Duterte tells public: Call me 'mayor'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. May 16, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Duterte+tells+public%3A+Call+me+%27mayor%27&rft.date=2016-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2Fduterte-tells-public-call-me-mayor%2F262395%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rodylenibynumbers2-138"><a href="#cite_ref-rodylenibynumbers2_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160808190247/http://malacanang.gov.ph/77212-presidency-and-vice-presidency-by-the-numbers-duterte-robredo/">"Presidency and Vice Presidency by the Numbers: Rodrigo Roa Duterte and Leni Robredo"</a>. Presidential Museum and Library. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/77212-presidency-and-vice-presidency-by-the-numbers-duterte-robredo/">the original</a> on August 8, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Presidency+and+Vice+Presidency+by+the+Numbers%3A+Rodrigo+Roa+Duterte+and+Leni+Robredo&rft.pub=Presidential+Museum+and+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmalacanang.gov.ph%2F77212-presidency-and-vice-presidency-by-the-numbers-duterte-robredo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita2016" class="citation news cs1">Gita, Ruth Abbey (June 30, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701134338/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/2016/06/30/duterte-holds-first-cabinet-meeting-482533">"Duterte holds first Cabinet meeting"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/2016/06/30/duterte-holds-first-cabinet-meeting-482533">the original</a> on July 1, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Duterte+holds+first+Cabinet+meeting&rft.date=2016-06-30&rft.aulast=Gita&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fmanila%2Flocal-news%2F2016%2F06%2F30%2Fduterte-holds-first-cabinet-meeting-482533&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt4-140"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt4_140-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerlez2016" class="citation news cs1">Perlez, Jane (July 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/13/world/asia/south-china-sea-hague-ruling-philippines.html">"Tribunal Rejects Beijing's Claims in South China Sea"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved July 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Tribunal+Rejects+Beijing%27s+Claims+in+South+China+Sea&rft.date=2016-07-12&rft.aulast=Perlez&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F07%2F13%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fsouth-china-sea-hague-ruling-philippines.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndolong2016" class="citation news cs1">Andolong, Ina (July 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160707011120/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/04/rodrigo-duterte-first-executive-order.html">"President Duterte issues his first Executive Order"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/04/rodrigo-duterte-first-executive-order.html">the original</a> on July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=President+Duterte+issues+his+first+Executive+Order&rft.date=2016-07-04&rft.aulast=Andolong&rft.aufirst=Ina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F07%2F04%2Frodrigo-duterte-first-executive-order.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomeroMacairanMendez2016" class="citation news cs1">Romero, Alexis; Macairan, Evelyn; Mendez, Christina (June 25, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/06/25/1596516/duterte-insists-death-penalty-hanging">"Duterte insists on death penalty by hanging"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved July 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+insists+on+death+penalty+by+hanging&rft.date=2016-06-25&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.au=Macairan%2C+Evelyn&rft.au=Mendez%2C+Christina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F06%2F25%2F1596516%2Fduterte-insists-death-penalty-hanging&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlimario2016" class="citation news cs1">Alimario, Anjo (July 25, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160728024154/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/24/duterte-signs-inks-freedom-of-information-foi.html">"President Duterte finally signs FOI"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/24/duterte-signs-inks-freedom-of-information-foi.html">the original</a> on July 28, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=President+Duterte+finally+signs+FOI&rft.date=2016-07-25&rft.aulast=Alimario&rft.aufirst=Anjo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F07%2F24%2Fduterte-signs-inks-freedom-of-information-foi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ManilaTimes-First100Days-144">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ManilaTimes-First100Days_144-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ManilaTimes-First100Days_144-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValente2016" class="citation news cs1">Valente, Catherine S. (October 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191205121827/https://www.manilatimes.net/2016/10/08/news/top-stories/first-100-days-yield-significant-accomplishments/290072/">"First 100 days yield significant accomplishments"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2016/10/08/news/top-stories/first-100-days-yield-significant-accomplishments/290072/">the original</a> on December 5, 2019. Retrieved May 15, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=First+100+days+yield+significant+accomplishments&rft.date=2016-10-08&rft.aulast=Valente&rft.aufirst=Catherine+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2016%2F10%2F08%2Fnews%2Ftop-stories%2Ffirst-100-days-yield-significant-accomplishments%2F290072%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-1st100Days-145">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-1st100Days_145-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-1st100Days_145-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161210230705/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/823155/a-look-at-the-1st-100-days-of-dutertes-phenomenal-rule">"A look at the 1st 100 days of Duterte's phenomenal rule"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. October 8, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/823155/a-look-at-the-1st-100-days-of-dutertes-phenomenal-rule">the original</a> on December 10, 2016. Retrieved May 15, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=A+look+at+the+1st+100+days+of+Duterte%27s+phenomenal+rule&rft.date=2016-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F823155%2Fa-look-at-the-1st-100-days-of-dutertes-phenomenal-rule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-time-146"><a href="#cite_ref-time_146-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolomon,_F.2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Solomon, F. (September 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/4479616/rodrigo-duterte-philippines-obama-davao-blast/">"Rodrigo Duterte declares a state of emergency in the Philippines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. Retrieved September 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte+declares+a+state+of+emergency+in+the+Philippines&rft.date=2016-09-06&rft.au=Solomon%2C+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F4479616%2Frodrigo-duterte-philippines-obama-davao-blast%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-philstar-147"><a href="#cite_ref-philstar_147-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViray,_P.L.2016" class="citation news cs1">Viray, P.L. (September 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/06/1621023/palace-issues-proclamation-state-national-emergency">"Palace issues proclamation of state of national emergency"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved September 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Palace+issues+proclamation+of+state+of+national+emergency&rft.date=2016-09-06&rft.au=Viray%2C+P.L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F09%2F06%2F1621023%2Fpalace-issues-proclamation-state-national-emergency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gma2-148"><a href="#cite_ref-gma2_148-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacas,_T.2016" class="citation news cs1">Macas, T. (December 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/591878/duterte-signs-eo-creating-committee-to-review-1987-constitution/story/">"Duterte signs EO creating committee to review 1987 Constitution"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Retrieved May 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+EO+creating+committee+to+review+1987+Constitution&rft.date=2016-12-09&rft.au=Macas%2C+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F591878%2Fduterte-signs-eo-creating-committee-to-review-1987-constitution%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHegina2016" class="citation news cs1">Hegina, Aries Joseph (July 2, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/793908/duterte-to-split-workweek-between-manila-davao">"Duterte to split workweek between Manila, Davao"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved July 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+to+split+workweek+between+Manila%2C+Davao&rft.date=2016-07-02&rft.aulast=Hegina&rft.aufirst=Aries+Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F793908%2Fduterte-to-split-workweek-between-manila-davao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dip2-150"><a href="#cite_ref-dip2_150-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2016/10/the-truth-about-dutertes-popularity-in-the-philippines/">"The Truth About Duterte's 'Popularity' in the Philippines"</a>. The Diplomat. October 7, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft.atitle=The+Truth+About+Duterte%27s+%27Popularity%27+in+the+Philippines&rft.date=2016-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2016%2F10%2Fthe-truth-about-dutertes-popularity-in-the-philippines%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidewalt/2016/12/14/the-worlds-most-powerful-people-2016/#471408e7368d">"The World's Most Powerful People 2016"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>. December 14, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=The+World%27s+Most+Powerful+People+2016&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fdavidewalt%2F2016%2F12%2F14%2Fthe-worlds-most-powerful-people-2016%2F%23471408e7368d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/profile/rodrigo-duterte/?list=powerful-people">"Rodrigo Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>. December 14, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fprofile%2Frodrigo-duterte%2F%3Flist%3Dpowerful-people&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-timeline-153"><a href="#cite_ref-timeline_153-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manilatimes.net/timeline-dutertes-economic-agenda/329785/">"TIMELINE for Duterte's economic agenda"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. May 29, 2017. Retrieved June 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=TIMELINE+for+Duterte%27s+economic+agenda&rft.date=2017-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2Ftimeline-dutertes-economic-agenda%2F329785%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170622171117/http://www.build.gov.ph/">"Home"</a>. Build!. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.build.gov.ph/">the original</a> on June 22, 2017. Retrieved June 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Build%21&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.build.gov.ph%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalonzoLopez2021" class="citation news cs1">Calonzo, Andreo; Lopez, Ditas B. (July 25, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210726011148/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-25/duterte-set-to-push-congress-on-virus-recovery-successor">"Duterte Pushes to Open Philippines to More Foreign Investors"</a>. Bloomberg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-25/duterte-set-to-push-congress-on-virus-recovery-successor">the original</a> on July 26, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Duterte+Pushes+to+Open+Philippines+to+More+Foreign+Investors&rft.date=2021-07-25&rft.aulast=Calonzo&rft.aufirst=Andreo&rft.au=Lopez%2C+Ditas+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-07-25%2Fduterte-set-to-push-congress-on-virus-recovery-successor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCervantes2022" class="citation news cs1">Cervantes, Filane Mikee (March 4, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220305005159/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1169060">"PRRD signs law amending Foreign Investments Act"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1169060">the original</a> on March 5, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PRRD+signs+law+amending+Foreign+Investments+Act&rft.date=2022-03-04&rft.aulast=Cervantes&rft.aufirst=Filane+Mikee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1169060&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2022" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (March 21, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220321122911/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1170293">"Duterte signs law amending Public Service Act"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1170293">the original</a> on March 21, 2022. Retrieved March 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+law+amending+Public+Service+Act&rft.date=2022-03-21&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1170293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TaxBits-2022-158"><a href="#cite_ref-TaxBits-2022_158-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFelipe2022" class="citation journal cs1">Felipe, Marvee Anne C. (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220320085147/https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/publications/STSRO/62_Tax%20Bits_Final.pdf">"Tax Laws Enacted During the Duterte Administration and the Role of STSRO in the Law-making Process"</a> (PDF). Taxbits. XI (62nd Issue (January – February 2022)). Senate Tax Study and Research Office (STSRO): 1–2. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/publications/STSRO/62_Tax%20Bits_Final.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on March 20, 2022. Retrieved March 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taxbits&rft.atitle=Tax+Laws+Enacted+During+the+Duterte+Administration+and+the+Role+of+STSRO+in+the+Law-making+Process&rft.volume=XI&rft.issue=62nd+Issue+%28January+%E2%80%93+February+2022%29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Felipe&rft.aufirst=Marvee+Anne+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flegacy.senate.gov.ph%2Fpublications%2FSTSRO%2F62_Tax%2520Bits_Final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCigaral2017" class="citation news cs1">Cigaral, Ian Nicolas (December 19, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171220091106/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/12/19/1769882/duterte-signs-2018-national-budget-tax-reform-bill">"Duterte signs 2018 national budget, tax reform bill"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/12/19/1769882/duterte-signs-2018-national-budget-tax-reform-bill">the original</a> on December 20, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+2018+national+budget%2C+tax+reform+bill&rft.date=2017-12-19&rft.aulast=Cigaral&rft.aufirst=Ian+Nicolas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2017%2F12%2F19%2F1769882%2Fduterte-signs-2018-national-budget-tax-reform-bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABSCBN-TaxReform-160"><a href="#cite_ref-ABSCBN-TaxReform_160-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171221011713/https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/12/19/17/duterte-signs-tax-reform-2018-budget-into-law">"Duterte signs tax reform, 2018 budget into law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. December 19, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/12/19/17/duterte-signs-tax-reform-2018-budget-into-law">the original</a> on December 21, 2017. Retrieved December 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+tax+reform%2C+2018+budget+into+law&rft.date=2017-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fbusiness%2F12%2F19%2F17%2Fduterte-signs-tax-reform-2018-budget-into-law&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABS-CBN-TRAINLaw-161"><a href="#cite_ref-ABS-CBN-TRAINLaw_161-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGulla2019" class="citation news cs1">Gulla, Vivienne (March 5, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190313054447/https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/03/05/19/duterte-train-law-keeps-govt-running">"Duterte: TRAIN law keeps gov't running"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/03/05/19/duterte-train-law-keeps-govt-running">the original</a> on March 13, 2019. Retrieved December 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+TRAIN+law+keeps+gov%27t+running&rft.date=2019-03-05&rft.aulast=Gulla&rft.aufirst=Vivienne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fbusiness%2F03%2F05%2F19%2Fduterte-train-law-keeps-govt-running&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2021" class="citation news cs1">Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (March 26, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210622043637/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1135049">"Duterte signs CREATE bill into law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1135049">the original</a> on June 22, 2021. Retrieved March 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+CREATE+bill+into+law&rft.date=2021-03-26&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1135049&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411183424/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/7/25/higher-tobacco-sin-taxes-rodrigo-duterte.html">"Duterte signs bill on higher tobacco sin taxes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. July 25, 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/7/25/higher-tobacco-sin-taxes-rodrigo-duterte.html">the original</a> on April 11, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+bill+on+higher+tobacco+sin+taxes&rft.date=2019-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2F7%2F25%2Fhigher-tobacco-sin-taxes-rodrigo-duterte.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2020" class="citation news cs1">Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (January 23, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200124211257/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1091709">"Duterte signs law imposing higher taxes on alcohol, e-cigarettes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1091709">the original</a> on January 24, 2020. Retrieved March 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+law+imposing+higher+taxes+on+alcohol%2C+e-cigarettes&rft.date=2020-01-23&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1091709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180722041245/https://news.mb.com.ph/2017/12/10/train-advocates-and-supporters-are-insensitive-to-the-cries-of-the-poor/">"'TRAIN' advocates and supporters are insensitive to the cries of the poor"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mb.com.ph/2017/12/10/train-advocates-and-supporters-are-insensitive-to-the-cries-of-the-poor/">the original</a> on July 22, 2018. Retrieved July 15, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=%27TRAIN%27+advocates+and+supporters+are+insensitive+to+the+cries+of+the+poor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mb.com.ph%2F2017%2F12%2F10%2Ftrain-advocates-and-supporters-are-insensitive-to-the-cries-of-the-poor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0s1BkL1Jn8">"Bandila: Kilos-protesta kontra TRAIN, isinagawa"</a> (in Tagalog). <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News_and_Current_Affairs" title="ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs">ABS-CBN News</a> – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_La_Cruz2019" class="citation news cs1">De La Cruz, Gabrielle (October 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191109132357/https://bluprint.onemega.com/athletic-stadium-100-before-sea-games/">"Athletic Stadium 100% complete 50 days before the SEA Games"</a>. BluPrint. <a href="/w/index.php?title=One_Mega_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="One Mega Group (page does not exist)">One Mega Group</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bluprint.onemega.com/athletic-stadium-100-before-sea-games/">the original</a> on November 9, 2019. Retrieved June 10, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BluPrint&rft.atitle=Athletic+Stadium+100%25+complete+50+days+before+the+SEA+Games&rft.date=2019-10-29&rft.aulast=De+La+Cruz&rft.aufirst=Gabrielle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbluprint.onemega.com%2Fathletic-stadium-100-before-sea-games%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pcoo-168">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pcoo_168-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pcoo_168-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170420212221/http://pcoo.gov.ph/dutertenomics-unveiled/">"DuterteNomics unveiled"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Communications_Operations_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Communications Operations Office">Presidential Communications Operations Office</a>. April 19, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pcoo.gov.ph/dutertenomics-unveiled/">the original</a> on April 20, 2017. Retrieved June 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=DuterteNomics+unveiled&rft.date=2017-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpcoo.gov.ph%2Fdutertenomics-unveiled%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709020906/https://2040.neda.gov.ph/2017/04/24/governments-build-build-build-program-embodied-in-pdp-2017-2022/">"Government's Build Build Build program embodied in PDP 2017-2022 – AmBisyon Natin 2040"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Economic_and_Development_Authority" title="National Economic and Development Authority">National Economic and Development Authority</a>. April 24, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2040.neda.gov.ph/2017/04/24/governments-build-build-build-program-embodied-in-pdp-2017-2022/">the original</a> on July 9, 2017. Retrieved August 7, 2022. <q>Build Build Build, the administration's comprehensive infrastructure development program, was launched during the Dutertenomics Forum held last April 18 at The Conrad Hotel, Pasay City.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Economic+and+Development+Authority&rft.atitle=Government%27s+Build+Build+Build+program+embodied+in+PDP+2017-2022+%E2%80%93+AmBisyon+Natin+2040&rft.date=2017-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2040.neda.gov.ph%2F2017%2F04%2F24%2Fgovernments-build-build-build-program-embodied-in-pdp-2017-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BusinessMirror-BBB-170"><a href="#cite_ref-BusinessMirror-BBB_170-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarasigan2017" class="citation news cs1">Marasigan, Lorenz S. (May 7, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112044637/https://businessmirror.com.ph/2017/05/07/bbb-program-gains-headway/">"BBB program gains headway"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessMirror" title="BusinessMirror">BusinessMirror</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://businessmirror.com.ph/2017/05/07/bbb-program-gains-headway/">the original</a> on November 12, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessMirror&rft.atitle=BBB+program+gains+headway&rft.date=2017-05-07&rft.aulast=Marasigan&rft.aufirst=Lorenz+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusinessmirror.com.ph%2F2017%2F05%2F07%2Fbbb-program-gains-headway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_VeraYeeCamus2017" class="citation news cs1">de Vera, Ben O.; Yee, Jovic; Camus, Miguel R. (April 19, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170420184710/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/890225/dutertenomics-golden-age-of-infrastructure">"Dutertenomics: 'Golden age of infrastructure'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/890225/dutertenomics-golden-age-of-infrastructure">the original</a> on April 20, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Dutertenomics%3A+%27Golden+age+of+infrastructure%27&rft.date=2017-04-19&rft.aulast=de+Vera&rft.aufirst=Ben+O.&rft.au=Yee%2C+Jovic&rft.au=Camus%2C+Miguel+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F890225%2Fdutertenomics-golden-age-of-infrastructure&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeydarian2018" class="citation news cs1">Heydarian, Richard Javad (February 28, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180310132636/https://www.forbes.com/sites/outofasia/2018/02/28/dutertes-ambitious-build-build-build-project-to-transform-the-philippines-could-become-his-legacy/">"Duterte's Ambitious 'Build, Build, Build' Project To Transform The Philippines Could Become His Legacy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/outofasia/2018/02/28/dutertes-ambitious-build-build-build-project-to-transform-the-philippines-could-become-his-legacy/">the original</a> on March 10, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+Ambitious+%27Build%2C+Build%2C+Build%27+Project+To+Transform+The+Philippines+Could+Become+His+Legacy&rft.date=2018-02-28&rft.aulast=Heydarian&rft.aufirst=Richard+Javad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Foutofasia%2F2018%2F02%2F28%2Fdutertes-ambitious-build-build-build-project-to-transform-the-philippines-could-become-his-legacy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDumlao-Abadilla2020" class="citation news cs1">Dumlao-Abadilla, Doris (April 18, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200421135948/https://business.inquirer.net/295058/fitch-ph-faces-wary-private-sector-in-infra-policy-shift">"Fitch: PH faces wary private sector in infra policy shift"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://business.inquirer.net/295058/fitch-ph-faces-wary-private-sector-in-infra-policy-shift">the original</a> on April 21, 2020. Retrieved May 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Fitch%3A+PH+faces+wary+private+sector+in+infra+policy+shift&rft.date=2020-04-18&rft.aulast=Dumlao-Abadilla&rft.aufirst=Doris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.inquirer.net%2F295058%2Ffitch-ph-faces-wary-private-sector-in-infra-policy-shift&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosales2021" class="citation news cs1">Rosales, Elijah Felice (September 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210919063850/https://www.philstar.com/business/2021/09/18/2127861/government-mulls-shift-infrastructure-funding-tack">"Government mulls shift in infrastructure funding tack"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/business/2021/09/18/2127861/government-mulls-shift-infrastructure-funding-tack">the original</a> on September 19, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Government+mulls+shift+in+infrastructure+funding+tack&rft.date=2021-09-18&rft.aulast=Rosales&rft.aufirst=Elijah+Felice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fbusiness%2F2021%2F09%2F18%2F2127861%2Fgovernment-mulls-shift-infrastructure-funding-tack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABS-CBN-List100-175"><a href="#cite_ref-ABS-CBN-List100_175-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Guzman2019" class="citation news cs1">de Guzman, Warren (November 14, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191114074307/https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/11/14/19/list-100-projects-under-revised-build-build-build">"LIST: 100 projects under revised 'Build, Build, Build'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/11/14/19/list-100-projects-under-revised-build-build-build">the original</a> on November 14, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=LIST%3A+100+projects+under+revised+%27Build%2C+Build%2C+Build%27&rft.date=2019-11-14&rft.aulast=de+Guzman&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fbusiness%2F11%2F14%2F19%2Flist-100-projects-under-revised-build-build-build&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABS-CBN-List100PDF-176">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABS-CBN-List100PDF_176-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABS-CBN-List100PDF_176-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191203082837/https://sa.kapamilya.com/absnews/abscbnnews/media/2019/business/11/15/ifp-list-final.pdf">"Recommended List of Projects for Inclusion in the Infrastructure Flagship Program"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sa.kapamilya.com/absnews/abscbnnews/media/2019/business/11/15/ifp-list-final.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on December 3, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Recommended+List+of+Projects+for+Inclusion+in+the+Infrastructure+Flagship+Program&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsa.kapamilya.com%2Fabsnews%2Fabscbnnews%2Fmedia%2F2019%2Fbusiness%2F11%2F15%2Fifp-list-final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilStar-Inherit88Infra-177">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-Inherit88Infra_177-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-Inherit88Infra_177-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoyandoyan2022" class="citation news cs1">Royandoyan, Ramon (April 27, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220427100412/https://www.philstar.com/business/2022/04/27/2177178/next-president-inherit-88-infra-projects-advanced-stage">"Next president to inherit 88 infra projects on 'advanced stage'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/business/2022/04/27/2177178/next-president-inherit-88-infra-projects-advanced-stage">the original</a> on April 27, 2022. Retrieved June 10, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Next+president+to+inherit+88+infra+projects+on+%27advanced+stage%27&rft.date=2022-04-27&rft.aulast=Royandoyan&rft.aufirst=Ramon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fbusiness%2F2022%2F04%2F27%2F2177178%2Fnext-president-inherit-88-infra-projects-advanced-stage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mawis-2018-178">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mawis-2018_178-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mawis-2018_178-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mawis-2018_178-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMawis2018" class="citation news cs1">Mawis, Sara Mae D. (July 28, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180727214200/https://business.inquirer.net/254682/understanding-build-build-build-program">"Understanding the 'Build, Build, Build' program"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://business.inquirer.net/254682/understanding-build-build-build-program#ixzz5Tqyaj8U1">the original</a> on July 27, 2018. Retrieved October 13, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+%27Build%2C+Build%2C+Build%27+program&rft.date=2018-07-28&rft.aulast=Mawis&rft.aufirst=Sara+Mae+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.inquirer.net%2F254682%2Funderstanding-build-build-build-program%23ixzz5Tqyaj8U1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCamus2021" class="citation news cs1">Camus, Miguel R. (September 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210915222142/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1488502/dotr-subway-construction-stuck-at-1-operational-by-2027-yet">"DOTr: Metro Manila Subway now 26% complete"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1488502/dotr-subway-construction-stuck-at-1-operational-by-2027-yet">the original</a> on September 15, 2021. Retrieved February 20, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=DOTr%3A+Metro+Manila+Subway+now+26%25+complete&rft.date=2021-09-16&rft.aulast=Camus&rft.aufirst=Miguel+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1488502%2Fdotr-subway-construction-stuck-at-1-operational-by-2027-yet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBagaforo2017" class="citation news cs1">Bagaforo, Nelson C. (June 26, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170628234446/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/business/2017/06/26/mindanao-railway-project-gets-support-549693">"Mindanao railway project gets support"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/business/2017/06/26/mindanao-railway-project-gets-support-549693">the original</a> on June 28, 2017. Retrieved September 3, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Mindanao+railway+project+gets+support&rft.date=2017-06-26&rft.aulast=Bagaforo&rft.aufirst=Nelson+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Fbusiness%2F2017%2F06%2F26%2Fmindanao-railway-project-gets-support-549693&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lamentillo-2018-181"><a href="#cite_ref-Lamentillo-2018_181-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLamentillo2018" class="citation news cs1">Lamentillo, Anna Mae Yu (March 23, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180825075856/https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/03/23/what-is-build-build-build/">"What is 'Build, Build, Build'?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/03/23/what-is-build-build-build/">the original</a> on August 25, 2018. Retrieved May 30, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=What+is+%27Build%2C+Build%2C+Build%27%3F&rft.date=2018-03-23&rft.aulast=Lamentillo&rft.aufirst=Anna+Mae+Yu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mb.com.ph%2F2018%2F03%2F23%2Fwhat-is-build-build-build%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Summit_Express-2018-182"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Summit_Express-2018_182-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180201031808/https://www.thesummitexpress.com/2018/01/luzon-spine-expressway-duterte-traffic-decongestion-plan.html">"WATCH: Luzon Spine Expressway Network is Duterte's P107-billion traffic decongestion plan"</a>. The Summit Express. January 26, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesummitexpress.com/2018/01/luzon-spine-expressway-duterte-traffic-decongestion-plan.html">the original</a> on February 1, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Summit+Express&rft.atitle=WATCH%3A+Luzon+Spine+Expressway+Network+is+Duterte%27s+P107-billion+traffic+decongestion+plan&rft.date=2018-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesummitexpress.com%2F2018%2F01%2Fluzon-spine-expressway-duterte-traffic-decongestion-plan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatinio2021" class="citation news cs1">Patinio, Ferdinand (July 23, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210723163812/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1147990">"'Build, Build, Build': Paving the way to progress"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1147990">the original</a> on July 23, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=%27Build%2C+Build%2C+Build%27%3A+Paving+the+way+to+progress&rft.date=2021-07-23&rft.aulast=Patinio&rft.aufirst=Ferdinand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1147990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MB-Nov2019-184"><a href="#cite_ref-MB-Nov2019_184-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLamentillo2021" class="citation news cs1">Lamentillo, Anna Mae Yu (July 21, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210721070041/https://mb.com.ph/2021/07/21/what-has-build-build-build-achieved-so-far/">"What has 'Build, Build, Build' achieved so far?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2021/07/21/what-has-build-build-build-achieved-so-far/">the original</a> on July 21, 2021. Retrieved December 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=What+has+%27Build%2C+Build%2C+Build%27+achieved+so+far%3F&rft.date=2021-07-21&rft.aulast=Lamentillo&rft.aufirst=Anna+Mae+Yu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2021%2F07%2F21%2Fwhat-has-build-build-build-achieved-so-far%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-DigongDefends-185"><a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-DigongDefends_185-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlconaba2016" class="citation news cs1">Alconaba, Nico (June 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191205143116/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/792773/digong-defends-war-on-drugs-crime-graft">"Digong defends war on drugs, crime, graft"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/792773/digong-defends-war-on-drugs-crime-graft">the original</a> on December 5, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Digong+defends+war+on+drugs%2C+crime%2C+graft&rft.date=2016-06-28&rft.aulast=Alconaba&rft.aufirst=Nico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F792773%2Fdigong-defends-war-on-drugs-crime-graft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FilipinoTimes-PHNeedsMoreRahab-186">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FilipinoTimes-PHNeedsMoreRahab_186-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FilipinoTimes-PHNeedsMoreRahab_186-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220622095928/https://filipinotimes.net/news/2016/07/09/ph-needs-more-rehab-centers-as-drug-users-surrender-in-droves/">"PH needs more rehab centers as drug users surrender in droves"</a>. The Filipino Times. July 9, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://filipinotimes.net/news/2016/07/09/ph-needs-more-rehab-centers-as-drug-users-surrender-in-droves/">the original</a> on June 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Filipino+Times&rft.atitle=PH+needs+more+rehab+centers+as+drug+users+surrender+in+droves&rft.date=2016-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffilipinotimes.net%2Fnews%2F2016%2F07%2F09%2Fph-needs-more-rehab-centers-as-drug-users-surrender-in-droves%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndolong2016" class="citation news cs1">Andolong, Ina (July 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160708135831/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/08/Duterte-names-topmost-drug-lords.html">"Duterte names country's topmost drug lords"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/08/Duterte-names-topmost-drug-lords.html">the original</a> on July 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+names+country%27s+topmost+drug+lords&rft.date=2016-07-08&rft.aulast=Andolong&rft.aufirst=Ina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F07%2F08%2FDuterte-names-topmost-drug-lords.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLegaspi2016" class="citation news cs1">Legaspi, Amita (July 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572319/news/nation/communists-answer-duterte-s-call-to-join-fight-vs-drugs">"Communists answer Duterte's call to join fight vs. drugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Retrieved July 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Communists+answer+Duterte%27s+call+to+join+fight+vs.+drugs&rft.date=2016-07-04&rft.aulast=Legaspi&rft.aufirst=Amita&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F572319%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fcommunists-answer-duterte-s-call-to-join-fight-vs-drugs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160808145212/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/08/07/1611020/full-text-dutertes-speech-linking-government-officials-illegal-drugs">"FULL TEXT: Duterte's speech linking government officials to illegal drugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a> (in English and Filipino). August 7, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/08/07/1611020/full-text-dutertes-speech-linking-government-officials-illegal-drugs">the original</a> on August 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=FULL+TEXT%3A+Duterte%27s+speech+linking+government+officials+to+illegal+drugs&rft.date=2016-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F08%2F07%2F1611020%2Ffull-text-dutertes-speech-linking-government-officials-illegal-drugs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorben2016" class="citation news cs1">Corben, Ron (August 23, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160824144915/https://www.voanews.com/a/philippine-war-on-drugs-triggers-criticism-senate-investigation/3476057.html">"Philippine War on Drugs Triggers Widespread Criticism, Senate Investigation"</a>. <a href="/wiki/VOA" class="mw-redirect" title="VOA">VOA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/philippine-war-on-drugs-triggers-criticism-senate-investigation/3476057.html">the original</a> on August 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=VOA&rft.atitle=Philippine+War+on+Drugs+Triggers+Widespread+Criticism%2C+Senate+Investigation&rft.date=2016-08-23&rft.aulast=Corben&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fphilippine-war-on-drugs-triggers-criticism-senate-investigation%2F3476057.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPacia2016" class="citation news cs1">Pacia, Sara Isabelle (October 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161015191439/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/825678/story-in-numbers-war-on-drugs">"Story in numbers war on drugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/825678/story-in-numbers-war-on-drugs">the original</a> on October 15, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Story+in+numbers+war+on+drugs&rft.date=2016-10-16&rft.aulast=Pacia&rft.aufirst=Sara+Isabelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F825678%2Fstory-in-numbers-war-on-drugs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160704102748/https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/1984193/go-ahead-and-kill-drug-addicts-philippine-president-rodrigo">"'Go ahead and kill drug addicts': Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte issues fresh call for vigilante violence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>. July 2, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/1984193/go-ahead-and-kill-drug-addicts-philippine-president-rodrigo">the original</a> on July 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=%27Go+ahead+and+kill+drug+addicts%27%3A+Philippine+President+Rodrigo+Duterte+issues+fresh+call+for+vigilante+violence&rft.date=2016-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fasia%2Fsoutheast-asia%2Farticle%2F1984193%2Fgo-ahead-and-kill-drug-addicts-philippine-president-rodrigo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMogatoMarshall2016" class="citation news cs1">Mogato, Manuel; Marshall, Andrew R.C. (August 24, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160825135658/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-idUSKCN10Z1FL">"In a Powerpoint, Philippine police detail body count in drug war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-idUSKCN10Z1FL">the original</a> on August 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=In+a+Powerpoint%2C+Philippine+police+detail+body+count+in+drug+war&rft.date=2016-08-24&rft.aulast=Mogato&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rft.au=Marshall%2C+Andrew+R.C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-duterte-idUSKCN10Z1FL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendezRomeroMacairanPunay2016" class="citation news cs1">Mendez, Christina; Romero, Paolo; Macairan, Evelyn; Punay, Edu; Diaz, Jess (July 19, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160719145942/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/19/1604381/duterte-pardon-cops-drug-killings">"Duterte to pardon cops in drug killings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/19/1604381/duterte-pardon-cops-drug-killings">the original</a> on July 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+to+pardon+cops+in+drug+killings&rft.date=2016-07-19&rft.aulast=Mendez&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.au=Romero%2C+Paolo&rft.au=Macairan%2C+Evelyn&rft.au=Punay%2C+Edu&rft.au=Diaz%2C+Jess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F07%2F19%2F1604381%2Fduterte-pardon-cops-drug-killings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/world/philippine-leader-tells-police-to-kill-only-if-necessary-in-war-on-drugs-idUSKCN1B318L/">"Philippine leader tells police to kill only if necessary in war on drugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. August 23, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippine+leader+tells+police+to+kill+only+if+necessary+in+war+on+drugs&rft.date=2017-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fworld%2Fphilippine-leader-tells-police-to-kill-only-if-necessary-in-war-on-drugs-idUSKCN1B318L%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegalado2016" class="citation news cs1">Regalado, Edith (September 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160919215919/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/20/1625543/all-lies-duterte-says-matobato-testimony">"All lies, Duterte says of Matobato testimony"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/20/1625543/all-lies-duterte-says-matobato-testimony">the original</a> on September 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=All+lies%2C+Duterte+says+of+Matobato+testimony&rft.date=2016-09-20&rft.aulast=Regalado&rft.aufirst=Edith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F09%2F20%2F1625543%2Fall-lies-duterte-says-matobato-testimony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuarez2016" class="citation news cs1">Suarez, KD (October 13, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161014172649/https://www.rappler.com/nation/149086-senate-ends-extrajudicial-killings-investigation-gordon-duterte/">"Senate ends probe: Neither Duterte nor state sponsored killings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/149086-senate-ends-extrajudicial-killings-investigation-gordon-duterte/">the original</a> on October 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Senate+ends+probe%3A+Neither+Duterte+nor+state+sponsored+killings&rft.date=2016-10-13&rft.aulast=Suarez&rft.aufirst=KD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F149086-senate-ends-extrajudicial-killings-investigation-gordon-duterte%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernal2017" class="citation news cs1">Bernal, Buena (February 23, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170817170149/http://edition.cnn.com/2017/02/23/asia/philippines-duterte-critic-de-lima-arrested/index.html">"Philippines: Duterte critic De Lima arrested on drug-related charges"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2017/02/23/asia/philippines-duterte-critic-de-lima-arrested/index.html">the original</a> on August 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Philippines%3A+Duterte+critic+De+Lima+arrested+on+drug-related+charges&rft.date=2017-02-23&rft.aulast=Bernal&rft.aufirst=Buena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2017%2F02%2F23%2Fasia%2Fphilippines-duterte-critic-de-lima-arrested%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomero2017" class="citation news cs1">Romero, Paolo (April 25, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180917222547/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/04/25/1688540/matobato-lawyer-files-case-vs-rody-icc">"Matobato lawyer files case vs Rody before ICC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/04/25/1688540/matobato-lawyer-files-case-vs-rody-icc">the original</a> on September 17, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Matobato+lawyer+files+case+vs+Rody+before+ICC&rft.date=2017-04-25&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=Paolo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2017%2F04%2F25%2F1688540%2Fmatobato-lawyer-files-case-vs-rody-icc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilStar-PDEASoleAgancy-200"><a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-PDEASoleAgancy_200-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190821234544/http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/10/11/1747741/duterte-pdea-now-sole-agency-charge-drug-war">"Duterte: PDEA now 'sole agency' in charge of drug war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. October 11, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/10/11/1747741/duterte-pdea-now-sole-agency-charge-drug-war">the original</a> on August 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+PDEA+now+%27sole+agency%27+in+charge+of+drug+war&rft.date=2017-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2017%2F10%2F11%2F1747741%2Fduterte-pdea-now-sole-agency-charge-drug-war&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilStar-PNPBack-201"><a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-PNPBack_201-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomero2017" class="citation news cs1">Romero, Alexis (December 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191119173152/http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/12/05/1765784/pnp-back-drug-war-pdea-still-lead-agency">"PNP back in drug war; PDEA still lead agency"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/12/05/1765784/pnp-back-drug-war-pdea-still-lead-agency">the original</a> on November 19, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=PNP+back+in+drug+war%3B+PDEA+still+lead+agency&rft.date=2017-12-05&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2017%2F12%2F05%2F1765784%2Fpnp-back-drug-war-pdea-still-lead-agency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMusico2018" class="citation news cs1">Musico, Jelly (October 31, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181109164554/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1052710">"PRRD institutionalizes PH's anti-illegal drugs strategy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1052710">the original</a> on November 9, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PRRD+institutionalizes+PH%27s+anti-illegal+drugs+strategy&rft.date=2018-10-31&rft.aulast=Musico&rft.aufirst=Jelly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1052710&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTan2017" class="citation news cs1">Tan, Lara (August 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170818062813/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/08/17/Duterte-war-on-drugs-deadline-Philippines.html">"Duterte: I was wrong to put 6-month deadline on drug war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/08/17/Duterte-war-on-drugs-deadline-Philippines.html">the original</a> on August 18, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+I+was+wrong+to+put+6-month+deadline+on+drug+war&rft.date=2017-08-17&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=Lara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F08%2F17%2FDuterte-war-on-drugs-deadline-Philippines.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCervantes2022" class="citation news cs1">Cervantes, Filane Mikee (May 26, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220526171249/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1175251">"PRRD asks Marcos to continue anti-drug campaign his 'own way'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1175251">the original</a> on May 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PRRD+asks+Marcos+to+continue+anti-drug+campaign+his+%27own+way%27&rft.date=2022-05-26&rft.aulast=Cervantes&rft.aufirst=Filane+Mikee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1175251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MB-DeclinesDrugCzar-205"><a href="#cite_ref-MB-DeclinesDrugCzar_205-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPedrajas2022" class="citation news cs1">Pedrajas, Joseph (May 30, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220530075845/https://mb.com.ph/2022/05/30/duterte-declines-marcos-drug-czar-offer-looking-forward-to-retirement/">"Duterte declines Marcos' drug czar offer; 'looking forward to retirement'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2022/05/30/duterte-declines-marcos-drug-czar-offer-looking-forward-to-retirement/">the original</a> on May 30, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+declines+Marcos%27+drug+czar+offer%3B+%27looking+forward+to+retirement%27&rft.date=2022-05-30&rft.aulast=Pedrajas&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2022%2F05%2F30%2Fduterte-declines-marcos-drug-czar-offer-looking-forward-to-retirement%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarao2022" class="citation news cs1">Sarao, Zacarian (June 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621185230/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1614260/pdea-says-6252-drug-suspects-died-as-of-may-31-in-war-against-drugs">"6,252 drug suspects killed as of May 31 – PDEA"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1614260/pdea-says-6252-drug-suspects-died-as-of-may-31-in-war-against-drugs">the original</a> on June 21, 2022. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=6%2C252+drug+suspects+killed+as+of+May+31+%E2%80%93+PDEA&rft.date=2022-06-22&rft.aulast=Sarao&rft.aufirst=Zacarian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1614260%2Fpdea-says-6252-drug-suspects-died-as-of-may-31-in-war-against-drugs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabuenas2022" class="citation news cs1">Cabuenas, Jon Viktor D. (July 17, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220717125349/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/838463/icc-calls-on-marcos-administration-to-comment-on-reopening-of-drug-war-probe/story/">"ICC calls on Philippine gov't to comment on reopening of drug war probe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/838463/icc-calls-on-marcos-administration-to-comment-on-reopening-of-drug-war-probe/story/">the original</a> on July 17, 2022. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=ICC+calls+on+Philippine+gov%27t+to+comment+on+reopening+of+drug+war+probe&rft.date=2022-07-17&rft.aulast=Cabuenas&rft.aufirst=Jon+Viktor+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F838463%2Ficc-calls-on-marcos-administration-to-comment-on-reopening-of-drug-war-probe%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIyengar" class="citation magazine cs1">Iyengar, Rishi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/4462352/rodrigo-duterte-drug-war-drugs-philippines-killing/">"The Killing Time: Inside Rodrigo Duterte's Drug War"</a>. Time. Retrieved August 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Killing+Time%3A+Inside+Rodrigo+Duterte%27s+Drug+War&rft.aulast=Iyengar&rft.aufirst=Rishi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F4462352%2Frodrigo-duterte-drug-war-drugs-philippines-killing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2017/02/war-on-drugs-war-on-poor/">"Philippines: Duterte's 'war on drugs' is a war on the poor"</a>. Amnesty International. February 4, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amnesty+International&rft.atitle=Philippines%3A+Duterte%27s+%27war+on+drugs%27+is+a+war+on+the+poor&rft.date=2017-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fen%2Flatest%2Fnews%2F2017%2F02%2Fwar-on-drugs-war-on-poor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnation.inquirer.net/168095/38-nations-ask-ph-stop-killings-probe-abuses">"38 nations ask PH: Stop killings, probe abuses"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=38+nations+ask+PH%3A+Stop+killings%2C+probe+abuses&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F168095%2F38-nations-ask-ph-stop-killings-probe-abuses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilStar-38StatesCall-211"><a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-38StatesCall_211-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMateoMendez2018" class="citation news cs1">Mateo, Janvic; Mendez, Christina (June 24, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/06/24/1827407/philippines-does-not-need-call-38-states-hr">"Philippines does not need call from 38 states on HR"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved March 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Philippines+does+not+need+call+from+38+states+on+HR&rft.date=2018-06-24&rft.aulast=Mateo&rft.aufirst=Janvic&rft.au=Mendez%2C+Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2018%2F06%2F24%2F1827407%2Fphilippines-does-not-need-call-38-states-hr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220218085034/https://www.aljazeera.com/program/upfront/2022/2/18/is-rodrigo-dutertes-war-on-drugs-a-stain-on-his-legacy">"Is Rodrigo Duterte's war on drugs a stain on his legacy?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Jazeera">Al Jazeera</a>. February 18, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/program/upfront/2022/2/18/is-rodrigo-dutertes-war-on-drugs-a-stain-on-his-legacy">the original</a> on February 18, 2022. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Is+Rodrigo+Duterte%27s+war+on+drugs+a+stain+on+his+legacy%3F&rft.date=2022-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fprogram%2Fupfront%2F2022%2F2%2F18%2Fis-rodrigo-dutertes-war-on-drugs-a-stain-on-his-legacy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2016" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Eimor P. (October 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008163705/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/10/07/SWS-Duterte-war-on-drugs-survey.html">"Filipinos satisfied with Duterte's drug war, but want suspects alive - SWS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/10/07/SWS-Duterte-war-on-drugs-survey.html">the original</a> on October 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Filipinos+satisfied+with+Duterte%27s+drug+war%2C+but+want+suspects+alive+-+SWS&rft.date=2016-10-07&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Eimor+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F10%2F07%2FSWS-Duterte-war-on-drugs-survey.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters-SWSPoll-214"><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters-SWSPoll_214-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetty2019" class="citation news cs1">Petty, Martin (September 23, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190924050308/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-drugs/filipinos-give-thumbs-up-to-dutertes-excellent-drugs-war-poll-idUSKBN1W803M">"Filipinos give thumbs up to Duterte's 'excellent' drugs war: poll"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-drugs/filipinos-give-thumbs-up-to-dutertes-excellent-drugs-war-poll-idUSKBN1W803M">the original</a> on September 24, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Filipinos+give+thumbs+up+to+Duterte%27s+%27excellent%27+drugs+war%3A+poll&rft.date=2019-09-23&rft.aulast=Petty&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-drugs%2Ffilipinos-give-thumbs-up-to-dutertes-excellent-drugs-war-poll-idUSKBN1W803M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220629190647/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1177870">"High expectations for BBM during first 100 days: PUBLiCUS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. June 29, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1177870">the original</a> on June 29, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=High+expectations+for+BBM+during+first+100+days%3A+PUBLiCUS&rft.date=2022-06-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1177870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaralit2020" class="citation news cs1">Maralit, Kristina (September 26, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201004120058/https://tribune.net.ph/index.php/2020/09/26/narcos-get-virus-lull/">"Narcos get virus lull"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Daily_Tribune_(Philippines)" title="Daily Tribune (Philippines)">Daily Tribune</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.net.ph/index.php/2020/09/26/narcos-get-virus-lull/">the original</a> on October 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Tribune&rft.atitle=Narcos+get+virus+lull&rft.date=2020-09-26&rft.aulast=Maralit&rft.aufirst=Kristina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.net.ph%2Findex.php%2F2020%2F09%2F26%2Fnarcos-get-virus-lull%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAGovPH-24KVillages-217"><a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-24KVillages_217-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaliwan2022" class="citation news cs1">Caliwan, Christopher Lloyd (March 30, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331184448/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1171001">"Over 24K villages 'drug-cleared' as of February: PDEA"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1171001">the original</a> on March 31, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Over+24K+villages+%27drug-cleared%27+as+of+February%3A+PDEA&rft.date=2022-03-30&rft.aulast=Caliwan&rft.aufirst=Christopher+Lloyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1171001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCruz2018" class="citation news cs1">Cruz, Enrico dela (March 16, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180316112736/https://www.businessinsider.com/philippines-duterte-pulls-out-of-international-criminal-court-2018-3">"Philippines' Duterte pulls out of International Criminal Court after it announced it would look into his drug war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/philippines-duterte-pulls-out-of-international-criminal-court-2018-3">the original</a> on March 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+pulls+out+of+International+Criminal+Court+after+it+announced+it+would+look+into+his+drug+war&rft.date=2018-03-16&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=Enrico+dela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fphilippines-duterte-pulls-out-of-international-criminal-court-2018-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cabico-Patag-2019-219">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cabico-Patag-2019_219-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cabico-Patag-2019_219-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cabico-Patag-2019_219-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabicoPatag2019" class="citation news cs1">Cabico, Gaea Katreena; Patag, Kristine Joy (April 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190417101905/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/03/17/1901757/philippines-becomes-second-country-quit-icc">"Philippines becomes second country to quit ICC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/03/17/1901757/philippines-becomes-second-country-quit-icc">the original</a> on April 17, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Philippines+becomes+second+country+to+quit+ICC&rft.date=2019-04-17&rft.aulast=Cabico&rft.aufirst=Gaea+Katreena&rft.au=Patag%2C+Kristine+Joy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2019%2F03%2F17%2F1901757%2Fphilippines-becomes-second-country-quit-icc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DW-2018-220"><a href="#cite_ref-DW-2018_220-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180318141159/https://www.dw.com/en/philippines-rodrigo-duterte-urges-nations-to-abandon-international-criminal-court/a-43028013">"Philippine's Duterte urges nations to abandon ICC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/DW_News" title="DW News">DW News</a>. March 18, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/philippines-rodrigo-duterte-urges-nations-to-abandon-international-criminal-court/a-43028013">the original</a> on March 18, 2018. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DW+News&rft.atitle=Philippine%27s+Duterte+urges+nations+to+abandon+ICC&rft.date=2018-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fphilippines-rodrigo-duterte-urges-nations-to-abandon-international-criminal-court%2Fa-43028013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabiling2021" class="citation news cs1">Kabiling, Genalyn (July 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210728192423/https://mb.com.ph/2021/07/29/duterte-still-has-no-copy-of-rome-statute-icc-pullout-an-empty-gesture-due-to-non-publication/">"Duterte still has no copy of Rome Statute; ICC pullout an 'empty gesture' due to treaty's non-publication"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2021/07/29/duterte-still-has-no-copy-of-rome-statute-icc-pullout-an-empty-gesture-due-to-non-publication/">the original</a> on July 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+still+has+no+copy+of+Rome+Statute%3B+ICC+pullout+an+%27empty+gesture%27+due+to+treaty%27s+non-publication&rft.date=2021-07-29&rft.aulast=Kabiling&rft.aufirst=Genalyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2021%2F07%2F29%2Fduterte-still-has-no-copy-of-rome-statute-icc-pullout-an-empty-gesture-due-to-non-publication%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLagrimas2020" class="citation news cs1">Lagrimas, Nicole-Anne C. (January 14, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220123094116/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/722117/lawyer-jude-sabio-withdraws-one-of-icc-cases-vs-duterte/story/">"Lawyer Jude Sabio withdraws one of ICC cases vs. Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/722117/lawyer-jude-sabio-withdraws-one-of-icc-cases-vs-duterte/story/">the original</a> on January 23, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Lawyer+Jude+Sabio+withdraws+one+of+ICC+cases+vs.+Duterte&rft.date=2020-01-14&rft.aulast=Lagrimas&rft.aufirst=Nicole-Anne+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F722117%2Flawyer-jude-sabio-withdraws-one-of-icc-cases-vs-duterte%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYap2020" class="citation news cs1">Yap, D. J. (January 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200116084457/https://globalnation.inquirer.net/183168/icc-prosecutor-probe-of-duterte-cant-be-stopped">"ICC prosecutor: Probe of Duterte can't be stopped"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnation.inquirer.net/183168/icc-prosecutor-probe-of-duterte-cant-be-stopped">the original</a> on January 16, 2020. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=ICC+prosecutor%3A+Probe+of+Duterte+can%27t+be+stopped&rft.date=2020-01-16&rft.aulast=Yap&rft.aufirst=D.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F183168%2Ficc-prosecutor-probe-of-duterte-cant-be-stopped&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNavallo2021" class="citation news cs1">Navallo, Mike (July 21, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210721110517/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/21/21/sc-president-has-no-unbridled-authority-to-withdraw-from-icc-treaty-but-junks-petitions-questioning-it">"SC: President has no 'unbridled authority' to withdraw from ICC treaty but junks petitions questioning it"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/21/21/sc-president-has-no-unbridled-authority-to-withdraw-from-icc-treaty-but-junks-petitions-questioning-it">the original</a> on July 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=SC%3A+President+has+no+%27unbridled+authority%27+to+withdraw+from+ICC+treaty+but+junks+petitions+questioning+it&rft.date=2021-07-21&rft.aulast=Navallo&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F07%2F21%2F21%2Fsc-president-has-no-unbridled-authority-to-withdraw-from-icc-treaty-but-junks-petitions-questioning-it&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeralta2021" class="citation news cs1">Peralta, Janine (September 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210915153607/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/9/15/ICC-drug-war-probe-.html">"ICC pre-trial chamber authorizes PH drug war probe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/9/15/ICC-drug-war-probe-.html">the original</a> on September 15, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=ICC+pre-trial+chamber+authorizes+PH+drug+war+probe&rft.date=2021-09-15&rft.aulast=Peralta&rft.aufirst=Janine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F9%2F15%2FICC-drug-war-probe-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215041541/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/12/15/Duterte-drug-war-ICC-prosecutor-investigation-Philippines.html">"ICC finds basis for crimes against humanity in Duterte drug war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. December 15, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/12/15/Duterte-drug-war-ICC-prosecutor-investigation-Philippines.html">the original</a> on December 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=ICC+finds+basis+for+crimes+against+humanity+in+Duterte+drug+war&rft.date=2021-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F12%2F15%2FDuterte-drug-war-ICC-prosecutor-investigation-Philippines.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalang2021" class="citation news cs1">Galang, Bamba (November 19, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211119164934/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/11/19/ICC-temporarily-suspends-probe-on-Duterte-drug-war.html">"ICC temporarily halts PH drug war probe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/11/19/ICC-temporarily-suspends-probe-on-Duterte-drug-war.html">the original</a> on November 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=ICC+temporarily+halts+PH+drug+war+probe&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft.aulast=Galang&rft.aufirst=Bamba&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F11%2F19%2FICC-temporarily-suspends-probe-on-Duterte-drug-war.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeralta-Malonzo2022" class="citation news cs1">Peralta-Malonzo, Third Anne (June 26, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220626060746/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1933114/manila/local-news/icc-wants-resumption-of-probe-on-phs-drug-war-killings">"ICC wants resumption of probe on PH's drug war killings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1933114/manila/local-news/icc-wants-resumption-of-probe-on-phs-drug-war-killings">the original</a> on June 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=ICC+wants+resumption+of+probe+on+PH%27s+drug+war+killings&rft.date=2022-06-26&rft.aulast=Peralta-Malonzo&rft.aufirst=Third+Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Farticle%2F1933114%2Fmanila%2Flocal-news%2Ficc-wants-resumption-of-probe-on-phs-drug-war-killings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230218043359/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2023/02/18/2245889/marcos-says-icc-probe-dutertes-drug-war-threat-sovereignty">"Marcos says ICC probe into Duterte's drug war a 'threat to sovereignty'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. February 18, 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2023/02/18/2245889/marcos-says-icc-probe-dutertes-drug-war-threat-sovereignty">the original</a> on February 18, 2023. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Marcos+says+ICC+probe+into+Duterte%27s+drug+war+a+%27threat+to+sovereignty%27&rft.date=2023-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2023%2F02%2F18%2F2245889%2Fmarcos-says-icc-probe-dutertes-drug-war-threat-sovereignty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Politiko-IsangSalita-230">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Politiko-IsangSalita_230-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Politiko-IsangSalita_230-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Politiko-IsangSalita_230-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240726142455/https://politiko.com.ph/2024/02/17/walang-isang-salita-harry-roque-slams-marcos-flip-flopping-but-wants-help-vs-icc/daily-feed/">"Walang isang salita! Harry Roque slams Marcos' flip-flopping but wants help vs ICC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politiko_(website)" title="Politiko (website)">Politiko</a> (in English and Filipino). February 17, 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politiko.com.ph/2024/02/17/walang-isang-salita-harry-roque-slams-marcos-flip-flopping-but-wants-help-vs-icc/daily-feed/">the original</a> on July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politiko&rft.atitle=Walang+isang+salita%21+Harry+Roque+slams+Marcos%27+flip-flopping+but+wants+help+vs+ICC&rft.date=2024-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpolitiko.com.ph%2F2024%2F02%2F17%2Fwalang-isang-salita-harry-roque-slams-marcos-flip-flopping-but-wants-help-vs-icc%2Fdaily-feed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bolledo-2023-231">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bolledo-2023_231-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bolledo-2023_231-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolledo2023" class="citation news cs1">Bolledo, Jairo (November 23, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231123141638/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/remulla-says-marcos-government-discuss-rejoining-icc/">"Remulla says Marcos gov't to discuss rejoining ICC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/remulla-says-marcos-government-discuss-rejoining-icc/">the original</a> on November 23, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Remulla+says+Marcos+gov%27t+to+discuss+rejoining+ICC&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft.aulast=Bolledo&rft.aufirst=Jairo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2Fremulla-says-marcos-government-discuss-rejoining-icc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalupitanRising2021" class="citation news cs1">Calupitan, Joeal; Rising, David (September 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210916082325/https://apnews.com/article/elections-crime-courts-netherlands-europe-3e46d9babf81a151233d3e911f00b0f8">"Philippines' Duterte will 'die first' before facing ICC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AP_News" class="mw-redirect" title="AP News">AP News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/elections-crime-courts-netherlands-europe-3e46d9babf81a151233d3e911f00b0f8">the original</a> on September 16, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+will+%27die+first%27+before+facing+ICC&rft.date=2021-09-16&rft.aulast=Calupitan&rft.aufirst=Joeal&rft.au=Rising%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Felections-crime-courts-netherlands-europe-3e46d9babf81a151233d3e911f00b0f8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMellejor" class="citation news cs1">Mellejor, Lilian C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170118053022/http://interaksyon.com/article/90739/milf-mnlf-not-terrorist-groups-simply-fighting-for-moro-dignity---duterte">"MILF, MNLF not terrorist groups, simply fighting for Moro dignity – Duterte"</a>. Philippines News Agency. DAVAO CITY. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://interaksyon.com/article/90739/milf-mnlf-not-terrorist-groups-simply-fighting-for-moro-dignity---duterte">the original</a> on January 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippines+News+Agency&rft.atitle=MILF%2C+MNLF+not+terrorist+groups%2C+simply+fighting+for+Moro+dignity+%E2%80%93+Duterte&rft.aulast=Mellejor&rft.aufirst=Lilian+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finteraksyon.com%2Farticle%2F90739%2Fmilf-mnlf-not-terrorist-groups-simply-fighting-for-moro-dignity---duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://manila.coconuts.co/2016/05/08/nur-misuaris-bet-duterte-and-marcos-he-tells-vice-news">"Nur Misuari's bet? Duterte and Marcos, he tells Vice News"</a>. Coconuts Manila. May 8, 2016. Retrieved December 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Coconuts+Manila&rft.atitle=Nur+Misuari%27s+bet%3F+Duterte+and+Marcos%2C+he+tells+Vice+News&rft.date=2016-05-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmanila.coconuts.co%2F2016%2F05%2F08%2Fnur-misuaris-bet-duterte-and-marcos-he-tells-vice-news&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.vice.com/video/mnlf-founder-nur-misuari-weighs-in-on-philippine-presidential-election">"MNLF Founder Nur Misuari Weighs in on the Philippine Presidential Election"</a>. Vice News. May 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vice+News&rft.atitle=MNLF+Founder+Nur+Misuari+Weighs+in+on+the+Philippine+Presidential+Election&rft.date=2016-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.vice.com%2Fvideo%2Fmnlf-founder-nur-misuari-weighs-in-on-philippine-presidential-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTayao-Juego2016" class="citation news cs1">Tayao-Juego, Annelle (May 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/783952/muslim-groups-back-duterte-ask-aquino-for-clean-polls">"Muslim groups back Duterte, ask Aquino for clean polls"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. MANILA, Philippines. Retrieved December 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Muslim+groups+back+Duterte%2C+ask+Aquino+for+clean+polls&rft.date=2016-05-08&rft.aulast=Tayao-Juego&rft.aufirst=Annelle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F783952%2Fmuslim-groups-back-duterte-ask-aquino-for-clean-polls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAben2016" class="citation news cs1">Aben, Elena (November 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161107233218/http://news.mb.com.ph/2016/11/07/duterte-signs-eo-on-bangsamoro-transition-commission/">"Duterte signs EO on Bangsamoro transition commission"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.mb.com.ph/2016/11/07/duterte-signs-eo-on-bangsamoro-transition-commission/">the original</a> on November 7, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+EO+on+Bangsamoro+transition+commission&rft.date=2016-11-07&rft.aulast=Aben&rft.aufirst=Elena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.mb.com.ph%2F2016%2F11%2F07%2Fduterte-signs-eo-on-bangsamoro-transition-commission%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilStar-DuterteSignsBOL-238"><a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-DuterteSignsBOL_238-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomero2018" class="citation news cs1">Romero, Alexis (July 26, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180727112454/http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/07/26/1837066/duterte-signs-bangsamoro-organic-law">"Duterte signs Bangsamoro Organic Law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/07/26/1837066/duterte-signs-bangsamoro-organic-law">the original</a> on July 27, 2018. Retrieved December 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+Bangsamoro+Organic+Law&rft.date=2018-07-26&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2018%2F07%2F26%2F1837066%2Fduterte-signs-bangsamoro-organic-law&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MB-DuterteSignsBOL-239"><a href="#cite_ref-MB-DuterteSignsBOL_239-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeducos2018" class="citation news cs1">Geducos, Argyll Cyrus (July 27, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180727032048/https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/07/26/duterte-signs-bangsamoro-law/">"Duterte signs Bangsamoro Law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/07/26/duterte-signs-bangsamoro-law/">the original</a> on July 27, 2018. Retrieved December 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+Bangsamoro+Law&rft.date=2018-07-27&rft.aulast=Geducos&rft.aufirst=Argyll+Cyrus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mb.com.ph%2F2018%2F07%2F26%2Fduterte-signs-bangsamoro-law%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gmafaqs-240"><a href="#cite_ref-gmafaqs_240-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/378530/news/nation/faqs-about-the-bangsamoro-basic-law">"FAQs about the Bangsamoro Basic Law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. GMA Network. September 10, 2014. Retrieved February 16, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=FAQs+about+the+Bangsamoro+Basic+Law&rft.date=2014-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F378530%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Ffaqs-about-the-bangsamoro-basic-law&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAGovPH-GrantsAmnesty-241">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-GrantsAmnesty_241-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-GrantsAmnesty_241-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2021" class="citation news cs1">Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (February 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216114511/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1130859">"Duterte grants amnesty to communist, Moro rebels"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1130859">the original</a> on February 16, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+grants+amnesty+to+communist%2C+Moro+rebels&rft.date=2021-02-16&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1130859&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGloria2016" class="citation news cs1">Gloria, Glenda (January 13, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240802132356/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/118850-experts-warn-ph-not-to-underestimate-isis/">"Experts warn PH: Don't underestimate ISIS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/118850-experts-warn-ph-not-to-underestimate-isis/">the original</a> on August 2, 2024. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Experts+warn+PH%3A+Don%27t+underestimate+ISIS&rft.date=2016-01-13&rft.aulast=Gloria&rft.aufirst=Glenda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2F118850-experts-warn-ph-not-to-underestimate-isis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsguerra2014" class="citation news cs1">Esguerra, Christian V. (September 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140922022659/https://globalnation.inquirer.net/111463/aquino-downplays-isis-threat-in-ph">"Aquino downplays ISIS threat in PH"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnation.inquirer.net/111463/aquino-downplays-isis-threat-in-ph">the original</a> on September 22, 2014. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Aquino+downplays+ISIS+threat+in+PH&rft.date=2014-09-21&rft.aulast=Esguerra&rft.aufirst=Christian+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F111463%2Faquino-downplays-isis-threat-in-ph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200918131808/https://www.manilatimes.net/2016/03/09/news/top-stories/no-isis-in-mindanao-aquino/249460">"No ISIS in Mindanao – Aquino"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. March 9, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2016/03/09/news/top-stories/no-isis-in-mindanao-aquino/249460">the original</a> on September 18, 2020. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=No+ISIS+in+Mindanao+%E2%80%93+Aquino&rft.date=2016-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2016%2F03%2F09%2Fnews%2Ftop-stories%2Fno-isis-in-mindanao-aquino%2F249460&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Laude-2017-245">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Laude-2017_245-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Laude-2017_245-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaude2017" class="citation news cs1">Laude, Jaime (April 12, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170411232257/http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/04/12/1690062/troops-thwart-abus-bohol-9-killed">"Troops thwart Abus in Bohol; 9 killed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/04/12/1690062/troops-thwart-abus-bohol-9-killed">the original</a> on April 11, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Troops+thwart+Abus+in+Bohol%3B+9+killed&rft.date=2017-04-12&rft.aulast=Laude&rft.aufirst=Jaime&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2017%2F04%2F12%2F1690062%2Ftroops-thwart-abus-bohol-9-killed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDioquino2016" class="citation news cs1">Dioquino, Rose-An Jessica (December 2, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221209023056/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/regions/590941/in-parting-message-maute-fighters-threaten-to-behead-military-duterte/story/">"In parting message, Maute fighters threaten to behead military, Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/regions/590941/in-parting-message-maute-fighters-threaten-to-behead-military-duterte/story/">the original</a> on December 9, 2022. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=In+parting+message%2C+Maute+fighters+threaten+to+behead+military%2C+Duterte&rft.date=2016-12-02&rft.aulast=Dioquino&rft.aufirst=Rose-An+Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fregions%2F590941%2Fin-parting-message-maute-fighters-threaten-to-behead-military-duterte%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><a href="#cite_ref-247">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170609232855/https://graphics.straitstimes.com/STI/STIMEDIA/Interactives/2017/06/battle-for-marawi/index.html">"Battle for Marawi: Is ISIS building a base in the Philippines?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Straits_Times" title="The Straits Times">The Straits Times</a>. August 19, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://graphics.straitstimes.com/STI/STIMEDIA/Interactives/2017/06/battle-for-marawi/index.html">the original</a> on June 9, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Battle+for+Marawi%3A+Is+ISIS+building+a+base+in+the+Philippines%3F&rft.date=2016-08-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgraphics.straitstimes.com%2FSTI%2FSTIMEDIA%2FInteractives%2F2017%2F06%2Fbattle-for-marawi%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKirdy2017" class="citation news cs1">McKirdy, Euan (May 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170522090405/https://edition.cnn.com/2017/05/22/asia/duterte-putin-moscow-summit/index.html">"Philippines' Duterte looks to strengthen ties with trip to Moscow"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2017/05/22/asia/duterte-putin-moscow-summit/index.html">the original</a> on May 22, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+looks+to+strengthen+ties+with+trip+to+Moscow&rft.date=2017-05-22&rft.aulast=McKirdy&rft.aufirst=Euan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2017%2F05%2F22%2Fasia%2Fduterte-putin-moscow-summit%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><a href="#cite_ref-249">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPettyMogato2017" class="citation news cs1">Petty, Martin; Mogato, Manuel (May 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/world/philippine-leader-halts-russia-trip-imposes-martial-law-on-restive-island-idUSKBN18J2AD/">"Philippine leader halts Russia trip, imposes martial law on restive island"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippine+leader+halts+Russia+trip%2C+imposes+martial+law+on+restive+island&rft.date=2017-05-24&rft.aulast=Petty&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.au=Mogato%2C+Manuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fworld%2Fphilippine-leader-halts-russia-trip-imposes-martial-law-on-restive-island-idUSKBN18J2AD%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><a href="#cite_ref-250">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisco2017" class="citation news cs1">Francisco, Katerina (May 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170524072042/https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/170772-fast-facts-maute-group/">"FAST FACTS: What you should know about the Maute Group"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/170772-fast-facts-maute-group/">the original</a> on May 24, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=FAST+FACTS%3A+What+you+should+know+about+the+Maute+Group&rft.date=2017-05-24&rft.aulast=Francisco&rft.aufirst=Katerina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2Fiq%2F170772-fast-facts-maute-group%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019090225/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/939202/marawi-war-maute-terrorism-duterte-isnilon-hapilon-is-islamic-state">"Marawi: City destroyed in Philippines' longest urban war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Agence France-Presse. October 19, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/939202/marawi-war-maute-terrorism-duterte-isnilon-hapilon-is-islamic-state">the original</a> on October 19, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Marawi%3A+City+destroyed+in+Philippines%27+longest+urban+war&rft.date=2017-10-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F939202%2Fmarawi-war-maute-terrorism-duterte-isnilon-hapilon-is-islamic-state&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNN-DuterteMarawiLiberated-252">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNN-DuterteMarawiLiberated_252-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNN-DuterteMarawiLiberated_252-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKirdyBerlinger2017" class="citation news cs1">McKirdy, Euan; Berlinger, Joshua (October 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171017075815/https://edition.cnn.com/2017/10/17/asia/duterte-marawi-liberation/index.html">"Philippines' Duterte declares liberation of Marawi from ISIS-affiliated militants"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2017/10/17/asia/duterte-marawi-liberation/index.html">the original</a> on October 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+declares+liberation+of+Marawi+from+ISIS-affiliated+militants&rft.date=2017-10-17&rft.aulast=McKirdy&rft.aufirst=Euan&rft.au=Berlinger%2C+Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2017%2F10%2F17%2Fasia%2Fduterte-marawi-liberation%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKirdy2017" class="citation news cs1">McKirdy, Euan (July 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170705210617/https://edition.cnn.com/2017/07/05/asia/marawi-philippines-isis-satellite-imagery/index.html">"Satellite imagery shows devastation of ISIS-held Marawi"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2017/07/05/asia/marawi-philippines-isis-satellite-imagery/index.html">the original</a> on July 5, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Satellite+imagery+shows+devastation+of+ISIS-held+Marawi&rft.date=2017-07-05&rft.aulast=McKirdy&rft.aufirst=Euan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2017%2F07%2F05%2Fasia%2Fmarawi-philippines-isis-satellite-imagery%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlacido2017" class="citation news cs1">Placido, Dharel (July 3, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170703094705/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/03/17/duterte-orders-creation-of-task-force-bangon-marawi">"Duterte orders creation of 'Task Force Bangon Marawi'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/03/17/duterte-orders-creation-of-task-force-bangon-marawi">the original</a> on July 3, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+orders+creation+of+%27Task+Force+Bangon+Marawi%27&rft.date=2017-07-03&rft.aulast=Placido&rft.aufirst=Dharel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F07%2F03%2F17%2Fduterte-orders-creation-of-task-force-bangon-marawi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuu2017" class="citation news cs1">Luu, Chieu (July 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170724204814/http://edition.cnn.com/2017/07/22/asia/philippines-mindanao-violence-duterte-extends-martial-law/index.html">"Philippines extends martial law in Mindanao"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2017/07/22/asia/philippines-mindanao-violence-duterte-extends-martial-law/index.html">the original</a> on July 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Philippines+extends+martial+law+in+Mindanao&rft.date=2017-07-22&rft.aulast=Luu&rft.aufirst=Chieu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2017%2F07%2F22%2Fasia%2Fphilippines-mindanao-violence-duterte-extends-martial-law%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2017" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Eimor P. (December 14, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171214143920/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/12/13/Congress-approves-martial-law-extension-Mindanao-2018.html">"Congress grants Duterte request to extend Mindanao martial law until end of 2018"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/12/13/Congress-approves-martial-law-extension-Mindanao-2018.html">the original</a> on December 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Congress+grants+Duterte+request+to+extend+Mindanao+martial+law+until+end+of+2018&rft.date=2017-12-14&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Eimor+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F12%2F13%2FCongress-approves-martial-law-extension-Mindanao-2018.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCervantes2018" class="citation news cs1">Cervantes, Filane Mikee (December 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181216005617/http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1056438">"Congress grants martial law extension until end of 2019"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1056438">the original</a> on December 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Congress+grants+martial+law+extension+until+end+of+2019&rft.date=2018-12-12&rft.aulast=Cervantes&rft.aufirst=Filane+Mikee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1056438&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeltranTobin2018" class="citation news cs1">Beltran, Michael; Tobin, Meaghan (December 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181208081627/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/2177022/dutertes-martial-law-extension-renews-fears-authoritarianism">"Duterte's martial law move renews authoritarianism fears in Philippines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/2177022/dutertes-martial-law-extension-renews-fears-authoritarianism">the original</a> on December 8, 2018. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+martial+law+move+renews+authoritarianism+fears+in+Philippines&rft.date=2018-12-08&rft.aulast=Beltran&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Tobin%2C+Meaghan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fweek-asia%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F2177022%2Fdutertes-martial-law-extension-renews-fears-authoritarianism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-259"><a href="#cite_ref-259">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCigaral2020" class="citation news cs1">Cigaral, Nicolas (January 1, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200105225137/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/01/01/1981218/martial-law-mindanao-ends-after-953-days">"Martial law in Mindanao ends after 953 days"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/01/01/1981218/martial-law-mindanao-ends-after-953-days">the original</a> on January 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Martial+law+in+Mindanao+ends+after+953+days&rft.date=2020-01-01&rft.aulast=Cigaral&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2020%2F01%2F01%2F1981218%2Fmartial-law-mindanao-ends-after-953-days&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2020" class="citation news cs1">Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (July 3, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200704165244/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1107921">"Duterte signs anti-terror bill into law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1107921">the original</a> on July 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+anti-terror+bill+into+law&rft.date=2020-07-03&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1107921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Santos-2020-261"><a href="#cite_ref-Santos-2020_261-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2020" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Elmor (July 3, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801213314/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/7/3/duterte-signs-anti-terrorism-law.html">"Duterte signs into law the controversial anti-terrorism bill"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/7/3/duterte-signs-anti-terrorism-law.html">the original</a> on August 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+into+law+the+controversial+anti-terrorism+bill&rft.date=2020-07-03&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Elmor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F7%2F3%2Fduterte-signs-anti-terrorism-law.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mendoza-etal-2021-262">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mendoza-etal-2021_262-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mendoza-etal-2021_262-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mendoza-etal-2021_262-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendozaOngRomanoTorno2021" class="citation journal cs1">Mendoza, Ronald U.; Ong, Rommel Jude G.; Romano, Dion Lorenz L.; Torno, Bernadette Chloe P. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26984797">"Counterterrorism in the Philippines: Review of Key Issues"</a>. Perspectives on Terrorism. 15 (1): 49–64. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2334-3745">2334-3745</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26984797">26984797</a>. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Perspectives+on+Terrorism&rft.atitle=Counterterrorism+in+the+Philippines%3A+Review+of+Key+Issues&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E49-%3C%2Fspan%3E64&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26984797%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=2334-3745&rft.aulast=Mendoza&rft.aufirst=Ronald+U.&rft.au=Ong%2C+Rommel+Jude+G.&rft.au=Romano%2C+Dion+Lorenz+L.&rft.au=Torno%2C+Bernadette+Chloe+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26984797&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><a href="#cite_ref-263">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanaligan2021" class="citation news cs1">Panaligan, Rey G. (December 9, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211209032630/https://mb.com.ph/2021/12/09/sc-declares-anti-terrorism-act-constitutional-except-for-2-provisions-in-most-contested-law/">"SC declares Anti-Terrorism Act constitutional except for 2 provisions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2021/12/09/sc-declares-anti-terrorism-act-constitutional-except-for-2-provisions-in-most-contested-law/">the original</a> on December 9, 2021. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=SC+declares+Anti-Terrorism+Act+constitutional+except+for+2+provisions&rft.date=2021-12-09&rft.aulast=Panaligan&rft.aufirst=Rey+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2021%2F12%2F09%2Fsc-declares-anti-terrorism-act-constitutional-except-for-2-provisions-in-most-contested-law%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatag2021" class="citation news cs1">Patag, Kristine Joy (December 9, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211209031519/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2021/12/09/2146795/sc-leaves-anti-terrorism-act-2020-mostly-intact">"SC leaves Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 mostly intact"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2021/12/09/2146795/sc-leaves-anti-terrorism-act-2020-mostly-intact">the original</a> on December 9, 2021. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=SC+leaves+Anti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020+mostly+intact&rft.date=2021-12-09&rft.aulast=Patag&rft.aufirst=Kristine+Joy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2021%2F12%2F09%2F2146795%2Fsc-leaves-anti-terrorism-act-2020-mostly-intact&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210223073115/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/23/nine-suspected-female-suicide-bombers-arrested-in-sulu">"Women linked to Abu Sayyaf suicide bombings arrested in Sulu"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Jazeera">Al Jazeera</a>. February 23, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/23/nine-suspected-female-suicide-bombers-arrested-in-sulu">the original</a> on February 23, 2021. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Women+linked+to+Abu+Sayyaf+suicide+bombings+arrested+in+Sulu&rft.date=2021-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F2%2F23%2Fnine-suspected-female-suicide-bombers-arrested-in-sulu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCervantes2021" class="citation news cs1">Cervantes, Filane Mikee (February 8, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210208115756/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1130029">"Duterte creates National Amnesty Commission"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1130029">the original</a> on February 8, 2021. Retrieved August 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+creates+National+Amnesty+Commission&rft.date=2021-02-08&rft.aulast=Cervantes&rft.aufirst=Filane+Mikee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1130029&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gita-Carlos-2020-267">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gita-Carlos-2020_267-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gita-Carlos-2020_267-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2020" class="citation news cs1">Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (March 19, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408035337/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1097198">"Ex-violent extremists now covered by E-CLIP"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1097198">the original</a> on April 8, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Ex-violent+extremists+now+covered+by+E-CLIP&rft.date=2020-03-19&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1097198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-268"><a href="#cite_ref-268">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNepomuceno2022" class="citation news cs1">Nepomuceno, Priam (May 30, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220530061830/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1175394">"NTF-ELCAC, Anti-Terrorism Act crucial to PH fight vs. insurgency"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1175394">the original</a> on May 30, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=NTF-ELCAC%2C+Anti-Terrorism+Act+crucial+to+PH+fight+vs.+insurgency&rft.date=2022-05-30&rft.aulast=Nepomuceno&rft.aufirst=Priam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1175394&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><a href="#cite_ref-269">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220316162617/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/563681/duterte-declares-he-ll-be-first-leftist-president/story/">"'BUT NOT AN NPA': Duterte declares he'll be first leftist president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. April 22, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/563681/duterte-declares-he-ll-be-first-leftist-president/story/">the original</a> on March 16, 2022. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=%27BUT+NOT+AN+NPA%27%3A+Duterte+declares+he%27ll+be+first+leftist+president&rft.date=2016-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F563681%2Fduterte-declares-he-ll-be-first-leftist-president%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mogato-2016-270">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mogato-2016_270-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mogato-2016_270-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMogato2016" class="citation news cs1">Mogato, Manuel (May 17, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/world/duterte-readies-for-philippine-peace-talks-restart-as-rebel-team-arrives-idUSKCN0Y819Y/">"Duterte readies for Philippine peace talks restart as rebel team arrives"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Duterte+readies+for+Philippine+peace+talks+restart+as+rebel+team+arrives&rft.date=2016-05-17&rft.aulast=Mogato&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fworld%2Fduterte-readies-for-philippine-peace-talks-restart-as-rebel-team-arrives-idUSKCN0Y819Y%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gloria-2016-271">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gloria-2016_271-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gloria-2016_271-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGloria2016" class="citation news cs1">Gloria, Glenda (May 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240729115535/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/133230-duterte-left-departments/">"Duterte to Left: 4 departments yours"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/133230-duterte-left-departments/">the original</a> on July 29, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Duterte+to+Left%3A+4+departments+yours&rft.date=2016-05-16&rft.aulast=Gloria&rft.aufirst=Glenda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2F133230-duterte-left-departments%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><a href="#cite_ref-272">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSabillo2016" class="citation news cs1">Sabillo, Kristine Angeli (February 14, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160214085156/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/764641/joma-sison-talks-about-former-student-duterte-other-candidates">"Joma Sison talks about former student Duterte, other candidates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/764641/joma-sison-talks-about-former-student-duterte-other-candidates">the original</a> on February 14, 2016. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Joma+Sison+talks+about+former+student+Duterte%2C+other+candidates&rft.date=2016-02-14&rft.aulast=Sabillo&rft.aufirst=Kristine+Angeli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F764641%2Fjoma-sison-talks-about-former-student-duterte-other-candidates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-273"><a href="#cite_ref-273">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGavilan2016" class="citation news cs1">Gavilan, Jodesz (August 22, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/143498-political-prisoners-ndf-consultants-peace-talks/">"WHO'S WHO: Political prisoners released for Oslo peace talks"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220825100823/https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/143498-political-prisoners-ndf-consultants-peace-talks/">Archived</a> from the original on August 25, 2022. Retrieved August 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=WHO%27S+WHO%3A+Political+prisoners+released+for+Oslo+peace+talks&rft.date=2016-08-22&rft.aulast=Gavilan&rft.aufirst=Jodesz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2Fiq%2F143498-political-prisoners-ndf-consultants-peace-talks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-274"><a href="#cite_ref-274">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacas2016" class="citation news cs1">Macas, Trisha (August 22, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923190622/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/578539/news/nation/phl-hopes-for-peace-deal-with-cpp-npa-ndf-within-a-year">"PHL hopes for peace deal with CPP-NPA-NDF within a year"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/578539/news/nation/phl-hopes-for-peace-deal-with-cpp-npa-ndf-within-a-year">the original</a> on September 23, 2016. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=PHL+hopes+for+peace+deal+with+CPP-NPA-NDF+within+a+year&rft.date=2016-08-22&rft.aulast=Macas&rft.aufirst=Trisha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F578539%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fphl-hopes-for-peace-deal-with-cpp-npa-ndf-within-a-year&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ranada-2016b-275">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ranada-2016b_275-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ranada-2016b_275-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanada2016" class="citation news cs1">Ranada, Pia (December 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240731133548/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/154954-duterte-left-release-prisoners-ace/">"Duterte won't release political prisoners: 'They're my ace'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/154954-duterte-left-release-prisoners-ace/">the original</a> on July 31, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Duterte+won%27t+release+political+prisoners%3A+%27They%27re+my+ace%27&rft.date=2016-12-08&rft.aulast=Ranada&rft.aufirst=Pia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2F154954-duterte-left-release-prisoners-ace%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><a href="#cite_ref-276">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMusico2020" class="citation news cs1">Musico, Jelly (December 8, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201208034436/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1124095">"Duterte says no ceasefire with Reds 'ever again'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1124095">the original</a> on December 8, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+says+no+ceasefire+with+Reds+%27ever+again%27&rft.date=2020-12-08&rft.aulast=Musico&rft.aufirst=Jelly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1124095&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-277"><a href="#cite_ref-277">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeck2017" class="citation news cs1">Keck, Madeleine (November 29, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230615180545/https://southeastasiaglobe.com/duterte-terminates-communist-peace-talks/">"Duterte explains why he terminated foreign-brokered peace talks with country's rebels"</a>. Southeast Asia Globe. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://southeastasiaglobe.com/duterte-terminates-communist-peace-talks/">the original</a> on June 15, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southeast+Asia+Globe&rft.atitle=Duterte+explains+why+he+terminated+foreign-brokered+peace+talks+with+country%27s+rebels&rft.date=2017-11-29&rft.aulast=Keck&rft.aufirst=Madeleine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsoutheastasiaglobe.com%2Fduterte-terminates-communist-peace-talks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNNPH-DuterteFires-278">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-DuterteFires_278-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-DuterteFires_278-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2018" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Eimor P. (October 3, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411104426/http://nine.cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/10/03/Duterte-fires-left-leaning-Labor-official.html">"Duterte fires left-leaning Labor official"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nine.cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/10/03/Duterte-fires-left-leaning-Labor-official.html">the original</a> on April 11, 2019. Retrieved February 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+fires+left-leaning+Labor+official&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Eimor+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnine.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2F10%2F03%2FDuterte-fires-left-leaning-Labor-official.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-LastLeft-279">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-LastLeft_279-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-LastLeft_279-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsguerra2018" class="citation news cs1">Esguerra, Darryl John (October 3, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220224212549/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1038554/duterte-fires-last-leftist-in-government">"Duterte fires last leftist in government"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1038554/duterte-fires-last-leftist-in-government">the original</a> on February 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+fires+last+leftist+in+government&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft.aulast=Esguerra&rft.aufirst=Darryl+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1038554%2Fduterte-fires-last-leftist-in-government&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTordesillas2016" class="citation news cs1">Tordesillas, Ellen T. (July 31, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231204035202/https://verafiles.org/articles/duterte-does-a-delicate-balancing-act">"Duterte does a delicate balancing act"</a>. <a href="/wiki/VERA_Files" class="mw-redirect" title="VERA Files">VERA Files</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://verafiles.org/articles/duterte-does-a-delicate-balancing-act">the original</a> on December 4, 2023. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=VERA+Files&rft.atitle=Duterte+does+a+delicate+balancing+act&rft.date=2016-07-31&rft.aulast=Tordesillas&rft.aufirst=Ellen+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fverafiles.org%2Farticles%2Fduterte-does-a-delicate-balancing-act&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240731142531/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/regions/598383/gov-t-troops-npa-clash-in-mindoro-as-duterte-suspends-peace-talks/story/">"Gov't troops, NPA clash in Mindoro as Duterte suspends peace talks"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. February 5, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/regions/598383/gov-t-troops-npa-clash-in-mindoro-as-duterte-suspends-peace-talks/story/">the original</a> on July 31, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Gov%27t+troops%2C+NPA+clash+in+Mindoro+as+Duterte+suspends+peace+talks&rft.date=2017-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fregions%2F598383%2Fgov-t-troops-npa-clash-in-mindoro-as-duterte-suspends-peace-talks%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNNPH-CPP-NPA-282"><a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-CPP-NPA_282-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTordecilla2017" class="citation news cs1">Tordecilla, Karmela (February 6, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170206053157/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/02/06/duterte-says-npa-ndf-cpp-terrorist-group.html">"Duterte: CPP-NPA-NDF a terrorist group"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/02/06/duterte-says-npa-ndf-cpp-terrorist-group.html">the original</a> on February 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+CPP-NPA-NDF+a+terrorist+group&rft.date=2017-02-06&rft.aulast=Tordecilla&rft.aufirst=Karmela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F02%2F06%2Fduterte-says-npa-ndf-cpp-terrorist-group.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJerusalem2017" class="citation news cs1">Jerusalem, Jigger (February 6, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170205174147/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/868473/duterte-orders-arrest-of-ndfp-negotiators">"Duterte orders arrest of NDFP negotiators"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/868473/duterte-orders-arrest-of-ndfp-negotiators">the original</a> on February 5, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+orders+arrest+of+NDFP+negotiators&rft.date=2017-02-06&rft.aulast=Jerusalem&rft.aufirst=Jigger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F868473%2Fduterte-orders-arrest-of-ndfp-negotiators&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230923092227/https://authdocs.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/JMC-No.-01-s.-2019-wrp13.pdf">"Joint Memorandum Circular No. 01 series of 2019"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Education_(Philippines)" title="Department of Education (Philippines)">Department of Education</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict" title="National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict">National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict</a>. pp. 2–8. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authdocs.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/JMC-No.-01-s.-2019-wrp13.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on September 23, 2023. Retrieved September 23, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Education&rft.atitle=Joint+Memorandum+Circular+No.+01+series+of+2019&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2-%3C%2Fspan%3E8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauthdocs.deped.gov.ph%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F11%2FJMC-No.-01-s.-2019-wrp13.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-285"><a href="#cite_ref-285">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181220153000/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/12/11/duterte-executive-order-70-whole-of-nation.html">"Duterte: Gov't shifts to 'civilian-led approach' in fight vs. communists"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. December 12, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/12/11/duterte-executive-order-70-whole-of-nation.html">the original</a> on December 20, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+Gov%27t+shifts+to+%27civilian-led+approach%27+in+fight+vs.+communists&rft.date=2018-12-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2F12%2F11%2Fduterte-executive-order-70-whole-of-nation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-286"><a href="#cite_ref-286">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChavez2021" class="citation news cs1">Chavez, Chito (May 5, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2021/5/5/defunding-ntf-elcac-exposes-822-cleared-barangays-to-communist-insurgency-anew-ano">"Defunding NTF-ELCAC exposes 822 cleared barangays to communist insurgency anew- Año"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Retrieved February 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Defunding+NTF-ELCAC+exposes+822+cleared+barangays+to+communist+insurgency+anew-+A%C3%B1o&rft.date=2021-05-05&rft.aulast=Chavez&rft.aufirst=Chito&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2021%2F5%2F5%2Fdefunding-ntf-elcac-exposes-822-cleared-barangays-to-communist-insurgency-anew-ano&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><a href="#cite_ref-287">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeducos2018" class="citation news cs1">Geducos, Argyll Cyrus (April 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191129014345/https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/04/04/duterte-creates-task-force-for-the-reintegration-of-former-rebels/">"Duterte creates task force for the reintegration of former rebels"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/04/04/duterte-creates-task-force-for-the-reintegration-of-former-rebels/">the original</a> on November 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+creates+task+force+for+the+reintegration+of+former+rebels&rft.date=2018-04-05&rft.aulast=Geducos&rft.aufirst=Argyll+Cyrus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mb.com.ph%2F2018%2F04%2F04%2Fduterte-creates-task-force-for-the-reintegration-of-former-rebels%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-288"><a href="#cite_ref-288">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoque2019" class="citation news cs1">Roque, EJ (March 21, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190323122414/http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1065301">"Duterte permanently ends peace talks with Reds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1065301">the original</a> on March 23, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+permanently+ends+peace+talks+with+Reds&rft.date=2019-03-21&rft.aulast=Roque&rft.aufirst=EJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1065301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-289"><a href="#cite_ref-289">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomero2019" class="citation news cs1">Romero, Alexis (March 21, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327220251/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/03/21/1903483/duterte-declares-permanent-termination-talks-reds">"Duterte declares permanent termination of talks with Reds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/03/21/1903483/duterte-declares-permanent-termination-talks-reds">the original</a> on March 27, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+declares+permanent+termination+of+talks+with+Reds&rft.date=2019-03-21&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2019%2F03%2F21%2F1903483%2Fduterte-declares-permanent-termination-talks-reds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nepomuceno-2022-290">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nepomuceno-2022_290-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nepomuceno-2022_290-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNepomuceno2022" class="citation news cs1">Nepomuceno, Priam (July 7, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220707084355/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1178431">"Duterte admin made significant gains vs. NPA: AFP"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1178431">the original</a> on July 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+admin+made+significant+gains+vs.+NPA%3A+AFP&rft.date=2022-07-07&rft.aulast=Nepomuceno&rft.aufirst=Priam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1178431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129133549/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1161322">"Over 20K rebels abandoned CPP-NPA-NDF since 2016: NTF-ELCAC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. November 29, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1161322">the original</a> on November 29, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Over+20K+rebels+abandoned+CPP-NPA-NDF+since+2016%3A+NTF-ELCAC&rft.date=2021-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1161322&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><a href="#cite_ref-292">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercado2020" class="citation news cs1">Mercado, Neil Arwin (November 30, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201130133115/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1366569/duterte-tells-makabayan-bloc-legal-communist-fronts-we-are-not-red-tagging-you">"Duterte tells leftwing groups: 'We are not red-tagging you, we are identifying you as communist fronts'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1366569/duterte-tells-makabayan-bloc-legal-communist-fronts-we-are-not-red-tagging-you">the original</a> on November 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+tells+leftwing+groups%3A+%27We+are+not+red-tagging+you%2C+we+are+identifying+you+as+communist+fronts%27&rft.date=2020-11-30&rft.aulast=Mercado&rft.aufirst=Neil+Arwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1366569%2Fduterte-tells-makabayan-bloc-legal-communist-fronts-we-are-not-red-tagging-you&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><a href="#cite_ref-293">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220302190028/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/619324/duterte-warns-lumads-i-ll-bomb-your-schools/story/">"Duterte threatens to bomb Lumad schools"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. July 24, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/619324/duterte-warns-lumads-i-ll-bomb-your-schools/story/">the original</a> on March 2, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Duterte+threatens+to+bomb+Lumad+schools&rft.date=2017-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F619324%2Fduterte-warns-lumads-i-ll-bomb-your-schools%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/top-philippine-universities-denounce-red-tagging-schools/">"Top universities denounce red-tagging of schools"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. January 24, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Top+universities+denounce+red-tagging+of+schools&rft.date=2021-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2Ftop-philippine-universities-denounce-red-tagging-schools%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-295"><a href="#cite_ref-295">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240731151731/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/707785/pup-students-decry-red-tagging-to-continue-pro-rights-campaign/story/">"PUP students decry red-tagging, to continue pro-rights campaign"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. September 12, 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/707785/pup-students-decry-red-tagging-to-continue-pro-rights-campaign/story/">the original</a> on July 31, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=PUP+students+decry+red-tagging%2C+to+continue+pro-rights+campaign&rft.date=2019-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F707785%2Fpup-students-decry-red-tagging-to-continue-pro-rights-campaign%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-296"><a href="#cite_ref-296">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomero2024" class="citation news cs1">Romero, Alexis (May 17, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240517113552/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/05/17/2355714/ntf-elcac-wont-be-abolished-says-marcos">"NTF-ELCAC won't be abolished, says Marcos"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/05/17/2355714/ntf-elcac-wont-be-abolished-says-marcos">the original</a> on May 17, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=NTF-ELCAC+won%27t+be+abolished%2C+says+Marcos&rft.date=2024-05-17&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2024%2F05%2F17%2F2355714%2Fntf-elcac-wont-be-abolished-says-marcos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-297"><a href="#cite_ref-297">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLema2020" class="citation news cs1">Lema, Karen (February 3, 2020). King, Larry (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205014757/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-philippines/philippines-duterte-says-xenophobia-against-chinese-must-stop-idUSKBN1ZX21L/">"Philippines' Duterte says xenophobia against Chinese must stop"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-philippines/philippines-duterte-says-xenophobia-against-chinese-must-stop-idUSKBN1ZX21L/">the original</a> on February 5, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+says+xenophobia+against+Chinese+must+stop&rft.date=2020-02-03&rft.aulast=Lema&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-china-health-philippines%2Fphilippines-duterte-says-xenophobia-against-chinese-must-stop-idUSKBN1ZX21L%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="#cite_ref-298">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCasilao2020" class="citation news cs1">Casilao, Joahna Lei (January 30, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220517003932/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/724166/doh-confirms-first-ncov-case-in-philippines/story/">"Philippines confirms first novel coronavirus case"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/724166/doh-confirms-first-ncov-case-in-philippines/story/">the original</a> on May 17, 2022. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Philippines+confirms+first+novel+coronavirus+case&rft.date=2020-01-30&rft.aulast=Casilao&rft.aufirst=Joahna+Lei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F724166%2Fdoh-confirms-first-ncov-case-in-philippines%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsguerra2020" class="citation news cs1">Esguerra, Darryl John (January 31, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200131123932/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1222176/duterte-imposes-travel-ban-on-travelers-from-hubei-other-ncov-hit-areas-in-china">"Duterte orders travel ban from Hubei"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1222176/duterte-imposes-travel-ban-on-travelers-from-hubei-other-ncov-hit-areas-in-china">the original</a> on January 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+orders+travel+ban+from+Hubei&rft.date=2020-01-31&rft.aulast=Esguerra&rft.aufirst=Darryl+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1222176%2Fduterte-imposes-travel-ban-on-travelers-from-hubei-other-ncov-hit-areas-in-china&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-300"><a href="#cite_ref-300">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaleaGregorio2020" class="citation news cs1">Jalea, Glee; Gregorio, Xave (February 2, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200215171347/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/2/2/Duterte-travel-ban-mainland-China-Hong-Kong-Macau.html?fbclid">"Duterte widens travel ban on mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/2/2/Duterte-travel-ban-mainland-China-Hong-Kong-Macau.html?fbclid">the original</a> on February 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+widens+travel+ban+on+mainland+China%2C+Hong+Kong%2C+Macau&rft.date=2020-02-02&rft.aulast=Jalea&rft.aufirst=Glee&rft.au=Gregorio%2C+Xave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F2%2F2%2FDuterte-travel-ban-mainland-China-Hong-Kong-Macau.html%3Ffbclid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="#cite_ref-301">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaymalin2020" class="citation news cs1">Jaymalin, Mayen (February 14, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200214152512/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/02/14/1993010/duterte-calls-calm-covid">"Duterte calls for calm on COVID"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/02/14/1993010/duterte-calls-calm-covid">the original</a> on February 14, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+calls+for+calm+on+COVID&rft.date=2020-02-14&rft.aulast=Jaymalin&rft.aufirst=Mayen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2020%2F02%2F14%2F1993010%2Fduterte-calls-calm-covid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-302"><a href="#cite_ref-302">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2020" class="citation news cs1">Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (March 17, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200504170723/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1096951">"PH placed under state of calamity due to Covid-19"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1096951">the original</a> on May 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PH+placed+under+state+of+calamity+due+to+Covid-19&rft.date=2020-03-17&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1096951&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2020" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (March 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200403232233/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1096801">"Duterte places entire Luzon under 'enhanced community quarantine'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1096801">the original</a> on April 3, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+places+entire+Luzon+under+%27enhanced+community+quarantine%27&rft.date=2020-03-16&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1096801&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="#cite_ref-304">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerez2020" class="citation news cs1">Merez, Arianne (March 25, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200326030313/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/03/25/20/draconian-measures-philippines-rolls-out-pandemic-fighting-plan-coronavirus">"'Draconian measures': Philippines rolls out pandemic fighting plan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/03/25/20/draconian-measures-philippines-rolls-out-pandemic-fighting-plan-coronavirus">the original</a> on March 26, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=%27Draconian+measures%27%3A+Philippines+rolls+out+pandemic+fighting+plan&rft.date=2020-03-25&rft.aulast=Merez&rft.aufirst=Arianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F03%2F25%2F20%2Fdraconian-measures-philippines-rolls-out-pandemic-fighting-plan-coronavirus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuna2020" class="citation news cs1">Luna, Franco (April 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200416155312/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/04/16/2007845/duterte-asks-public-discipline-following-quarantine-rules">"Duterte asks public for 'discipline' in following quarantine rules"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/04/16/2007845/duterte-asks-public-discipline-following-quarantine-rules">the original</a> on April 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+asks+public+for+%27discipline%27+in+following+quarantine+rules&rft.date=2020-04-16&rft.aulast=Luna&rft.aufirst=Franco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2020%2F04%2F16%2F2007845%2Fduterte-asks-public-discipline-following-quarantine-rules&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.interaksyon.com/politics-issues/2020/04/02/165579/shoot-them-dead-duterte-says-wont-tolerate-lockdown-violators/">"'Shoot them dead': Duterte says won't tolerate lockdown violators"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Interaksyon" title="Interaksyon">Interaksyon</a>. Retrieved April 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interaksyon&rft.atitle=%27Shoot+them+dead%27%3A+Duterte+says+won%27t+tolerate+lockdown+violators&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.interaksyon.com%2Fpolitics-issues%2F2020%2F04%2F02%2F165579%2Fshoot-them-dead-duterte-says-wont-tolerate-lockdown-violators%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP-2021-307">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP-2021_307-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP-2021_307-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210622101605/https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-arrests-health-feeb885f996b2a6f0f425a315c6c5ed9">"Duterte threatens to arrest Filipinos who refuse vaccination"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AP_News" class="mw-redirect" title="AP News">AP News</a>. June 22, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-arrests-health-feeb885f996b2a6f0f425a315c6c5ed9">the original</a> on June 22, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+threatens+to+arrest+Filipinos+who+refuse+vaccination&rft.date=2021-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fcoronavirus-pandemic-arrests-health-feeb885f996b2a6f0f425a315c6c5ed9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAguilar2020" class="citation news cs1">Aguilar, Krissy (November 2, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201102113514/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1355580/duterte-designates-galvez-as-vaccine-czar">"Duterte designates Galvez as COVID vaccine czar"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1355580/duterte-designates-galvez-as-vaccine-czar">the original</a> on November 2, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+designates+Galvez+as+COVID+vaccine+czar&rft.date=2020-11-02&rft.aulast=Aguilar&rft.aufirst=Krissy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1355580%2Fduterte-designates-galvez-as-vaccine-czar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-309"><a href="#cite_ref-309">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMandhana2020" class="citation news cs1">Mandhana, Niharika (July 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727174537/https://www.wsj.com/articles/philippines-duterte-asks-china-for-access-to-successful-coronavirus-vaccine-11595858296">"Philippines's Duterte Asks China for Access to Successful Coronavirus Vaccine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/philippines-duterte-asks-china-for-access-to-successful-coronavirus-vaccine-11595858296">the original</a> on July 27, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Philippines%27s+Duterte+Asks+China+for+Access+to+Successful+Coronavirus+Vaccine&rft.date=2020-07-27&rft.aulast=Mandhana&rft.aufirst=Niharika&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fphilippines-duterte-asks-china-for-access-to-successful-coronavirus-vaccine-11595858296&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalaverria2021" class="citation news cs1">Salaverria, Leila B. (April 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413225121/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1418731/duterte-putin-talk-vaccines-ph-orders-20m-sputnik-v-shots">"Duterte, Putin talk vaccines; PH orders 20 million Sputnik V shots"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1418731/duterte-putin-talk-vaccines-ph-orders-20m-sputnik-v-shots">the original</a> on April 13, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte%2C+Putin+talk+vaccines%3B+PH+orders+20+million+Sputnik+V+shots&rft.date=2021-04-14&rft.aulast=Salaverria&rft.aufirst=Leila+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1418731%2Fduterte-putin-talk-vaccines-ph-orders-20m-sputnik-v-shots&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200807121304/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/russia-offers-to-supply-philippines-with-covid-19-vaccine">"Russia offers to supply Philippines with Covid-19 vaccine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Straits_Times" title="The Straits Times">The Straits Times</a>. August 7, 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/russia-offers-to-supply-philippines-with-covid-19-vaccine">the original</a> on August 7, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Russia+offers+to+supply+Philippines+with+Covid-19+vaccine&rft.date=2020-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fasia%2Fse-asia%2Frussia-offers-to-supply-philippines-with-covid-19-vaccine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Venzon-2021-312"><a href="#cite_ref-Venzon-2021_312-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenzon2021" class="citation news cs1">Venzon, Cliff (March 1, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210316170325/https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/COVID-vaccines/Philippines-starts-COVID-vaccinations-courtesy-of-China">"Philippines starts COVID vaccinations, courtesy of China"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nikkei_Asia" title="Nikkei Asia">Nikkei Asia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/COVID-vaccines/Philippines-starts-COVID-vaccinations-courtesy-of-China">the original</a> on March 16, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nikkei+Asia&rft.atitle=Philippines+starts+COVID+vaccinations%2C+courtesy+of+China&rft.date=2021-03-01&rft.aulast=Venzon&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasia.nikkei.com%2FSpotlight%2FCoronavirus%2FCOVID-vaccines%2FPhilippines-starts-COVID-vaccinations-courtesy-of-China&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-313"><a href="#cite_ref-313">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenzon2020" class="citation news cs1">Venzon, Cliff (December 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201227092859/https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Duterte-threatens-to-end-US-military-pact-if-no-vaccines">"Duterte threatens to end US military pact if no vaccines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nikkei_Asia" title="Nikkei Asia">Nikkei Asia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Duterte-threatens-to-end-US-military-pact-if-no-vaccines">the original</a> on December 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nikkei+Asia&rft.atitle=Duterte+threatens+to+end+US+military+pact+if+no+vaccines&rft.date=2020-12-27&rft.aulast=Venzon&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasia.nikkei.com%2FPolitics%2FInternational-relations%2FDuterte-threatens-to-end-US-military-pact-if-no-vaccines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-314"><a href="#cite_ref-314">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabicoPatag2020" class="citation news cs1">Cabico, Gaea Katreena; Patag, Kristine Joy (September 10, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201127205138/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/09/10/2041479/roque-believes-pemberton-pardon-linked-dutertes-desire-get-covid-19-vaccine-access">"Roque believes Pemberton pardon linked to Duterte's desire to get COVID-19 vaccine access"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/09/10/2041479/roque-believes-pemberton-pardon-linked-dutertes-desire-get-covid-19-vaccine-access">the original</a> on November 27, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Roque+believes+Pemberton+pardon+linked+to+Duterte%27s+desire+to+get+COVID-19+vaccine+access&rft.date=2020-09-10&rft.aulast=Cabico&rft.aufirst=Gaea+Katreena&rft.au=Patag%2C+Kristine+Joy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2020%2F09%2F10%2F2041479%2Froque-believes-pemberton-pardon-linked-dutertes-desire-get-covid-19-vaccine-access&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-315"><a href="#cite_ref-315">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210503155340/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-duterte-receives-first-dose-sinopharms-covid-19-vaccine-2021-05-03/">"Philippines' Duterte receives first dose of Sinopharm's COVID-19 vaccine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. May 3, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-duterte-receives-first-dose-sinopharms-covid-19-vaccine-2021-05-03/#:~:text=MANILA%2C%20May%203%20(Reuters),virus%2C%20his%20closest%20aide%20said.">the original</a> on May 3, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+receives+first+dose+of+Sinopharm%27s+COVID-19+vaccine&rft.date=2021-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fasia-pacific%2Fphilippines-duterte-receives-first-dose-sinopharms-covid-19-vaccine-2021-05-03%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DMANILA%252C%2520May%25203%2520%28Reuters%29%2Cvirus%252C%2520his%2520closest%2520aide%2520said.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-316"><a href="#cite_ref-316">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506050236/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57004924">"Philippines' Duterte apologises for taking unapproved China jab"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. May 6, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57004924">the original</a> on May 6, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+apologises+for+taking+unapproved+China+jab&rft.date=2021-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-57004924&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-317"><a href="#cite_ref-317">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBingSchectman2024" class="citation news cs1">Bing, Chris; Schectman, Joel (June 14, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240614110549/https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-covid-propaganda/">"Pentagon ran secret anti-vax campaign to undermine China during pandemic"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-covid-propaganda/">the original</a> on June 14, 2024. Retrieved June 17, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Pentagon+ran+secret+anti-vax+campaign+to+undermine+China+during+pandemic&rft.date=2024-06-14&rft.aulast=Bing&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.au=Schectman%2C+Joel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Finvestigates%2Fspecial-report%2Fusa-covid-propaganda%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-318"><a href="#cite_ref-318">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalonzo2021" class="citation news cs1">Calonzo, Andreo (May 13, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514020755/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-13/philippines-eases-virus-curbs-as-economy-remains-in-recession">"Philippines Eases Virus Curbs as Economy Stays in Recession"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-13/philippines-eases-virus-curbs-as-economy-remains-in-recession">the original</a> on May 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Philippines+Eases+Virus+Curbs+as+Economy+Stays+in+Recession&rft.date=2021-05-13&rft.aulast=Calonzo&rft.aufirst=Andreo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-05-13%2Fphilippines-eases-virus-curbs-as-economy-remains-in-recession&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-319"><a href="#cite_ref-319">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220629170147/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2022/6/30/Vergeire-redefine-fully-vaccinated-Marcos-admin.html">"Vergeire to push redefining fully vaccinated under Marcos admin"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. June 30, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2022/6/30/Vergeire-redefine-fully-vaccinated-Marcos-admin.html">the original</a> on June 29, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Vergeire+to+push+redefining+fully+vaccinated+under+Marcos+admin&rft.date=2022-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F6%2F30%2FVergeire-redefine-fully-vaccinated-Marcos-admin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-320"><a href="#cite_ref-320">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220701074100/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2022/7/1/OCTA-higher-positivity-rate-Metro-Manila-9-others.html">"DOH: 88% of provinces, cities in PH seeing increase in COVID-19 cases"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. July 1, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2022/7/1/OCTA-higher-positivity-rate-Metro-Manila-9-others.html">the original</a> on July 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=DOH%3A+88%25+of+provinces%2C+cities+in+PH+seeing+increase+in+COVID-19+cases&rft.date=2022-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F7%2F1%2FOCTA-higher-positivity-rate-Metro-Manila-9-others.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-BoosterSideEffects-321"><a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-BoosterSideEffects_321-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVilla2022" class="citation news cs1">Villa, Kathleen de (April 14, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220413232052/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1582779/amid-push-for-boosters-many-in-ph-still-fearing-side-effects">"Amid push for boosters, many in PH still fear 'side effects'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1582779/amid-push-for-boosters-many-in-ph-still-fearing-side-effects">the original</a> on April 13, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Amid+push+for+boosters%2C+many+in+PH+still+fear+%27side+effects%27&rft.date=2022-04-14&rft.aulast=Villa&rft.aufirst=Kathleen+de&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1582779%2Famid-push-for-boosters-many-in-ph-still-fearing-side-effects&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-322"><a href="#cite_ref-322">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_VillaCorrales2022" class="citation news cs1">de Villa, Kathleen; Corrales, Nestor (April 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220421222141/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1586356/vaccine-czar-lowers-target-as-jab-rate-slows-down">"Vaccine czar lowers target as jab rate slows down"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1586356/vaccine-czar-lowers-target-as-jab-rate-slows-down">the original</a> on April 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Vaccine+czar+lowers+target+as+jab+rate+slows+down&rft.date=2022-04-22&rft.aulast=de+Villa&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.au=Corrales%2C+Nestor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1586356%2Fvaccine-czar-lowers-target-as-jab-rate-slows-down&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-323"><a href="#cite_ref-323">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlores2021" class="citation news cs1">Flores, Helen (September 9, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909060610/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2021/09/09/2125837/duterte-defends-anew-covid-19-supply-deals">"Duterte defends anew COVID-19 supply deals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2021/09/09/2125837/duterte-defends-anew-covid-19-supply-deals">the original</a> on September 9, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+defends+anew+COVID-19+supply+deals&rft.date=2021-09-09&rft.aulast=Flores&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2021%2F09%2F09%2F2125837%2Fduterte-defends-anew-covid-19-supply-deals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-324"><a href="#cite_ref-324">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeralta-Malonzo2021" class="citation news cs1">Peralta-Malonzo, Third Anne (August 31, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240806160814/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/in-a-recorded-public-address-aired-on-tuesday-august-31-2021">"Duterte hits senators over Covid-19 response funds probe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/in-a-recorded-public-address-aired-on-tuesday-august-31-2021">the original</a> on August 6, 2024. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Duterte+hits+senators+over+Covid-19+response+funds+probe&rft.date=2021-08-31&rft.aulast=Peralta-Malonzo&rft.aufirst=Third+Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fmanila%2Flocal-news%2Fin-a-recorded-public-address-aired-on-tuesday-august-31-2021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-325"><a href="#cite_ref-325">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYang2022" class="citation news cs1">Yang, Angelica Y. (June 1, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220601093440/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2022/06/01/2185311/zubiri-says-hell-sign-pharmally-probe-report-if-allegations-vs-duterte-are-removed">"Zubiri says he'll sign Pharmally probe report if allegations vs Duterte are removed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2022/06/01/2185311/zubiri-says-hell-sign-pharmally-probe-report-if-allegations-vs-duterte-are-removed">the original</a> on June 1, 2022. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Zubiri+says+he%27ll+sign+Pharmally+probe+report+if+allegations+vs+Duterte+are+removed&rft.date=2022-06-01&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Angelica+Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2022%2F06%2F01%2F2185311%2Fzubiri-says-hell-sign-pharmally-probe-report-if-allegations-vs-duterte-are-removed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-326"><a href="#cite_ref-326">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYang2022" class="citation news cs1">Yang, Angelica Y. (June 1, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220601093440/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2022/06/01/2185311/zubiri-says-hell-sign-pharmally-probe-report-if-allegations-vs-duterte-are-removed">"Zubiri says he'll sign Pharmally probe report if allegations vs Duterte are removed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2022/06/01/2185311/zubiri-says-hell-sign-pharmally-probe-report-if-allegations-vs-duterte-are-removed">the original</a> on June 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Zubiri+says+he%27ll+sign+Pharmally+probe+report+if+allegations+vs+Duterte+are+removed&rft.date=2022-06-01&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Angelica+Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2022%2F06%2F01%2F2185311%2Fzubiri-says-hell-sign-pharmally-probe-report-if-allegations-vs-duterte-are-removed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-327"><a href="#cite_ref-327">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagsambol2022" class="citation news cs1">Magsambol, Bonz (June 6, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220606112208/https://www.rappler.com/nation/senators-refuse-sign-pharmally-probe-report-due-inclusion-of-duterte/">"Senators refuse to sign Pharmally probe report due to inclusion of Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/senators-refuse-sign-pharmally-probe-report-due-inclusion-of-duterte/">the original</a> on June 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Senators+refuse+to+sign+Pharmally+probe+report+due+to+inclusion+of+Duterte&rft.date=2022-06-06&rft.aulast=Magsambol&rft.aufirst=Bonz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2Fsenators-refuse-sign-pharmally-probe-report-due-inclusion-of-duterte%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNBC-EnergyBoom-328">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNBC-EnergyBoom_328-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNBC-EnergyBoom_328-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLim2017" class="citation news cs1">Lim, Yvonne (July 12, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170712073720/https://www.cnbc.com/2017/07/12/the-philippines-is-aiming-for-an-energy-boom-with-dutertes-latest-reform.html">"The Philippines is aiming for an energy boom with Duterte's latest reform"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/07/12/the-philippines-is-aiming-for-an-energy-boom-with-dutertes-latest-reform.html">the original</a> on July 12, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=The+Philippines+is+aiming+for+an+energy+boom+with+Duterte%27s+latest+reform&rft.date=2017-07-12&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=Yvonne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2017%2F07%2F12%2Fthe-philippines-is-aiming-for-an-energy-boom-with-dutertes-latest-reform.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-329"><a href="#cite_ref-329">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDela_CruzElona2016" class="citation news cs1">Dela Cruz, Enrico; Elona, Julian (July 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201020202354/https://jakartaglobe.id/business/new-philippine-energy-minister-says-cant-afford-ditch-coal/">"New Philippine Energy Minister Says Can't Afford to Ditch Coal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jakarta_Globe" title="Jakarta Globe">Jakarta Globe</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jakartaglobe.id/business/new-philippine-energy-minister-says-cant-afford-ditch-coal/">the original</a> on October 20, 2020. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jakarta+Globe&rft.atitle=New+Philippine+Energy+Minister+Says+Can%27t+Afford+to+Ditch+Coal&rft.date=2016-07-04&rft.aulast=Dela+Cruz&rft.aufirst=Enrico&rft.au=Elona%2C+Julian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjakartaglobe.id%2Fbusiness%2Fnew-philippine-energy-minister-says-cant-afford-ditch-coal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-330"><a href="#cite_ref-330">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220304091550/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/114723/duterte-green-energy-is-good-but-we-need-coal-">"Duterte: Green energy is good but we need coal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. December 9, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/114723/duterte-green-energy-is-good-but-we-need-coal-">the original</a> on March 4, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+Green+energy+is+good+but+we+need+coal&rft.date=2016-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Farticle%2F114723%2Fduterte-green-energy-is-good-but-we-need-coal-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAGovPH-ShiftToRenewable-331">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-ShiftToRenewable_331-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-ShiftToRenewable_331-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrismundo2021" class="citation news cs1">Crismundo, Kris (July 21, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210722091244/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1147896">"DOE pushes shift to renewables during Duterte's term"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1147896">the original</a> on July 22, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=DOE+pushes+shift+to+renewables+during+Duterte%27s+term&rft.date=2021-07-21&rft.aulast=Crismundo&rft.aufirst=Kris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1147896&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-332"><a href="#cite_ref-332">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFdela_CruzWarrier2019" class="citation news cs1">dela Cruz, Enrico; Warrier, Gopakumar (July 25, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190725131802/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-renewables-coal-idUSKCN1UK1CN">"Philippines readies new renewable energy policies to curb coal dependence"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-renewables-coal-idUSKCN1UK1CN">the original</a> on July 25, 2019. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippines+readies+new+renewable+energy+policies+to+curb+coal+dependence&rft.date=2019-07-25&rft.aulast=dela+Cruz&rft.aufirst=Enrico&rft.au=Warrier%2C+Gopakumar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-renewables-coal-idUSKCN1UK1CN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-333"><a href="#cite_ref-333">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190731045259/https://www.eco-business.com/news/duterte-signals-need-for-philippines-to-cut-coal-dependence-and-fast-track-renewables/">"Duterte signals need for Philippines to cut coal dependence and fast-track renewables"</a>. Eco-Business. July 29, 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eco-business.com/news/duterte-signals-need-for-philippines-to-cut-coal-dependence-and-fast-track-renewables/">the original</a> on July 31, 2019. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eco-Business&rft.atitle=Duterte+signals+need+for+Philippines+to+cut+coal+dependence+and+fast-track+renewables&rft.date=2019-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eco-business.com%2Fnews%2Fduterte-signals-need-for-philippines-to-cut-coal-dependence-and-fast-track-renewables%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-334"><a href="#cite_ref-334">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagtulis2020" class="citation news cs1">Magtulis, Prinz (October 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201031055018/https://www.philstar.com/business/2020/10/27/2052681/government-ends-energy-neutrality-favors-renewables-ahead-boom">"Government ends energy neutrality, favors renewables ahead of boom"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/business/2020/10/27/2052681/government-ends-energy-neutrality-favors-renewables-ahead-boom">the original</a> on October 31, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Government+ends+energy+neutrality%2C+favors+renewables+ahead+of+boom&rft.date=2020-10-27&rft.aulast=Magtulis&rft.aufirst=Prinz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fbusiness%2F2020%2F10%2F27%2F2052681%2Fgovernment-ends-energy-neutrality-favors-renewables-ahead-boom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-335"><a href="#cite_ref-335">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrismundo2022" class="citation news cs1">Crismundo, Kris (March 3, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220304105921/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1168931">"Duterte approves inclusion of nuclear power in PH energy mix"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1168931">the original</a> on March 4, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+approves+inclusion+of+nuclear+power+in+PH+energy+mix&rft.date=2022-03-03&rft.aulast=Crismundo&rft.aufirst=Kris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1168931&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-336"><a href="#cite_ref-336">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220304110337/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/business/2022/3/3/Duterte-EO-164-nuclear-energy-program.html">"Duterte signs EO outlining national policy on nuclear energy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. March 3, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/business/2022/3/3/Duterte-EO-164-nuclear-energy-program.html">the original</a> on March 4, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+EO+outlining+national+policy+on+nuclear+energy&rft.date=2022-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fbusiness%2F2022%2F3%2F3%2FDuterte-EO-164-nuclear-energy-program.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-337"><a href="#cite_ref-337">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtienza2022" class="citation news cs1">Atienza, K.A.T. (January 24, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220124182031/https://www.bworldonline.com/duterte-signs-law-to-accelerate-philippines-total-electrification/">"Duterte signs law to accelerate Philippines' total electrification"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bworldonline.com/duterte-signs-law-to-accelerate-philippines-total-electrification/">the original</a> on January 24, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+law+to+accelerate+Philippines%27+total+electrification&rft.date=2022-01-24&rft.aulast=Atienza&rft.aufirst=K.A.T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Fduterte-signs-law-to-accelerate-philippines-total-electrification%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-338"><a href="#cite_ref-338">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetty2016" class="citation news cs1">Petty, Martin (November 23, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161123184136/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-idUSKBN13I241">"Philippines president vows to free economy 'from clutches' of oligarchs"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-idUSKBN13I241">the original</a> on November 23, 2016. Retrieved March 4, 2022. <q>The outspoken, populist leader said it was high time to change regulations and liberalize sectors like energy, power and telecoms to make the country more competitive, and give Filipinos better services and a share of the wealth.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippines+president+vows+to+free+economy+%27from+clutches%27+of+oligarchs&rft.date=2016-11-23&rft.aulast=Petty&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-duterte-idUSKBN13I241&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-339"><a href="#cite_ref-339">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCordero2020" class="citation news cs1">Cordero, Ted (November 1, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101103201/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/money/companies/761648/philippines-allows-100-foreign-ownership-in-large-scale-geothermal-projects-cusi/story/">"Philippines allows 100% foreign ownership in large-scale geothermal projects —Cusi"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/money/companies/761648/philippines-allows-100-foreign-ownership-in-large-scale-geothermal-projects-cusi/story/">the original</a> on November 1, 2020. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Philippines+allows+100%25+foreign+ownership+in+large-scale+geothermal+projects+%E2%80%94Cusi&rft.date=2020-11-01&rft.aulast=Cordero&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fmoney%2Fcompanies%2F761648%2Fphilippines-allows-100-foreign-ownership-in-large-scale-geothermal-projects-cusi%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-340"><a href="#cite_ref-340">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCordero2020" class="citation news cs1">Cordero, Ted (October 31, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101130238/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/money/content/762186/right-to-develop-philippines-geothermal-resources-to-be-given-thru-open-competitive-process-doe/story/">"Right to develop Philippines' geothermal resources to be given thru open, competitive process —DOE"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/money/content/762186/right-to-develop-philippines-geothermal-resources-to-be-given-thru-open-competitive-process-doe/story/">the original</a> on November 1, 2020. Retrieved March 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Right+to+develop+Philippines%27+geothermal+resources+to+be+given+thru+open%2C+competitive+process+%E2%80%94DOE&rft.date=2020-10-31&rft.aulast=Cordero&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fmoney%2Fcontent%2F762186%2Fright-to-develop-philippines-geothermal-resources-to-be-given-thru-open-competitive-process-doe%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-341"><a href="#cite_ref-341">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalaverria2017" class="citation news cs1">Salaverria, Leila B. (March 2, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170301184506/https://globalnation.inquirer.net/153030/duterte-finallly-signs-paris-agrement-climate-change">"Duterte finally signs Paris Agreement on climate change"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnation.inquirer.net/153030/duterte-finallly-signs-paris-agrement-climate-change">the original</a> on March 1, 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+finally+signs+Paris+Agreement+on+climate+change&rft.date=2017-03-02&rft.aulast=Salaverria&rft.aufirst=Leila+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F153030%2Fduterte-finallly-signs-paris-agrement-climate-change&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-342"><a href="#cite_ref-342">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuismundo2017" class="citation news cs1">Quismundo, Tarra (March 15, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170322173237/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/880813/senate-votes-to-ratify-paris-climate-pact">"Senate votes to ratify Paris climate pact"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/880813/senate-votes-to-ratify-paris-climate-pact">the original</a> on March 22, 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Senate+votes+to+ratify+Paris+climate+pact&rft.date=2017-03-15&rft.aulast=Quismundo&rft.aufirst=Tarra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F880813%2Fsenate-votes-to-ratify-paris-climate-pact&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-343"><a href="#cite_ref-343">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvez2022" class="citation news cs1">Galvez, Daphne (April 19, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220418185825/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1584618/rich-countries-must-pay-for-climate-change-damage-duterte">"Rich countries must pay for climate change damage – Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1584618/rich-countries-must-pay-for-climate-change-damage-duterte">the original</a> on April 18, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Rich+countries+must+pay+for+climate+change+damage+%E2%80%93+Duterte&rft.date=2022-04-19&rft.aulast=Galvez&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1584618%2Frich-countries-must-pay-for-climate-change-damage-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-344"><a href="#cite_ref-344">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2019" class="citation news cs1">Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (December 21, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191223070903/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1089276">"Duterte wants completion of gov't transactions in hours"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1089276">the original</a> on December 23, 2019. Retrieved April 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+wants+completion+of+gov%27t+transactions+in+hours&rft.date=2019-12-21&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1089276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-345"><a href="#cite_ref-345">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAguilar2020" class="citation news cs1">Aguilar, Krissy (February 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200227151539/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1234079/duterte-orders-elimination-of-overregulation-to-hasten-govt-processes">"Duterte streamlines gov't processes, removes redundant functions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1234079/duterte-orders-elimination-of-overregulation-to-hasten-govt-processes">the original</a> on February 27, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+streamlines+gov%27t+processes%2C+removes+redundant+functions&rft.date=2020-02-27&rft.aulast=Aguilar&rft.aufirst=Krissy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1234079%2Fduterte-orders-elimination-of-overregulation-to-hasten-govt-processes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-346"><a href="#cite_ref-346">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160725165636/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/24/1606146/duterte-signs-historic-eo-freedom-information">"Duterte signs historic EO on Freedom of Information"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. July 24, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/24/1606146/duterte-signs-historic-eo-freedom-information">the original</a> on July 25, 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+historic+EO+on+Freedom+of+Information&rft.date=2016-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F07%2F24%2F1606146%2Fduterte-signs-historic-eo-freedom-information&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAGovPH-FOISuccessRate-347"><a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-FOISuccessRate_347-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCervantes2020" class="citation news cs1">Cervantes, Filane Mikee (February 12, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200720004035/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1093649">"PCOO eyes 80% success rate in eFOI requests by 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1093649">the original</a> on July 20, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PCOO+eyes+80%25+success+rate+in+eFOI+requests+by+2022&rft.date=2020-02-12&rft.aulast=Cervantes&rft.aufirst=Filane+Mikee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1093649&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-348"><a href="#cite_ref-348">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMusico2018" class="citation news cs1">Musico, Jelly (May 28, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180528180252/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1036736">"Duterte signs Ease of Doing Business law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1036736">the original</a> on May 28, 2018. Retrieved March 19, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+Ease+of+Doing+Business+law&rft.date=2018-05-28&rft.aulast=Musico&rft.aufirst=Jelly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1036736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PIAGovPH-RA11032-349"><a href="#cite_ref-PIAGovPH-RA11032_349-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028180451/https://pia.gov.ph/features/articles/1013993">"The ease of doing business under RA 11032"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Information_Agency" title="Philippine Information Agency">Philippine Information Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pia.gov.ph/features/articles/1013993">the original</a> on October 28, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Information+Agency&rft.atitle=The+ease+of+doing+business+under+RA+11032&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpia.gov.ph%2Ffeatures%2Farticles%2F1013993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-350"><a href="#cite_ref-350">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2021" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (January 5, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105100949/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1126444">"Law allowing President to rush permits in nat'l emergency OK'd"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1141697">the original</a> on January 5, 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Law+allowing+President+to+rush+permits+in+nat%27l+emergency+OK%27d&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1141697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-351"><a href="#cite_ref-351">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanada2016" class="citation news cs1">Ranada, Pia (October 26, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161027150407/https://www.rappler.com/nation/150383-duterte-executive-order-8888-hotline-citizen-complaint-center/">"Duterte signs EO for 8888 citizen complaint center"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/150383-duterte-executive-order-8888-hotline-citizen-complaint-center/">the original</a> on October 27, 2016. Retrieved April 2, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+EO+for+8888+citizen+complaint+center&rft.date=2016-10-26&rft.aulast=Ranada&rft.aufirst=Pia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F150383-duterte-executive-order-8888-hotline-citizen-complaint-center%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-352"><a href="#cite_ref-352">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBajo2018" class="citation news cs1">Bajo, Anna Felicia (July 19, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220425070158/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/661124/duterte-vows-to-improve-phl-s-healthcare-system/story/">"Duterte vows to improve PHL's healthcare system"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/661124/duterte-vows-to-improve-phl-s-healthcare-system/story/">the original</a> on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Duterte+vows+to+improve+PHL%27s+healthcare+system&rft.date=2018-07-19&rft.aulast=Bajo&rft.aufirst=Anna+Felicia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F661124%2Fduterte-vows-to-improve-phl-s-healthcare-system%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-353"><a href="#cite_ref-353">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAguilar2021" class="citation news cs1">Aguilar, Krissy (June 24, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624124925/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1450841/duterte-vows-to-provide-equitable-healthcare-service-as-he-signs-hospital-bills">"Duterte vows to provide equitable healthcare service as he signs hospital bills"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1450841/duterte-vows-to-provide-equitable-healthcare-service-as-he-signs-hospital-bills">the original</a> on June 24, 2021. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+vows+to+provide+equitable+healthcare+service+as+he+signs+hospital+bills&rft.date=2021-06-24&rft.aulast=Aguilar&rft.aufirst=Krissy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1450841%2Fduterte-vows-to-provide-equitable-healthcare-service-as-he-signs-hospital-bills&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-354"><a href="#cite_ref-354">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorrales2018" class="citation news cs1">Corrales, Nestor (July 10, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180713190357/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1008752/duterte-certifies-as-urgent-the-universal-health-care-bill">"Duterte certifies as urgent the Universal Health Care Bill"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1008752/duterte-certifies-as-urgent-the-universal-health-care-bill">the original</a> on July 13, 2018. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+certifies+as+urgent+the+Universal+Health+Care+Bill&rft.date=2018-07-10&rft.aulast=Corrales&rft.aufirst=Nestor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1008752%2Fduterte-certifies-as-urgent-the-universal-health-care-bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-355"><a href="#cite_ref-355">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2019" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (February 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190222141957/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1062520">"PRRD signs Universal Healthcare Care law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1062520">the original</a> on February 22, 2019. Retrieved March 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PRRD+signs+Universal+Healthcare+Care+law&rft.date=2019-02-20&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1062520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-356"><a href="#cite_ref-356">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoque2019" class="citation news cs1">Roque, EJ (February 19, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190224003117/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1062372">"Duterte signs Integrated Cancer Control law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1062372">the original</a> on February 24, 2019. Retrieved March 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+Integrated+Cancer+Control+law&rft.date=2019-02-19&rft.aulast=Roque&rft.aufirst=EJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1062372&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-357"><a href="#cite_ref-357">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlacido2019" class="citation news cs1">Placido, Dharel (February 19, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190219183335/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/02/19/19/duterte-signs-national-integrated-cancer-control-act">"Duterte signs national integrated cancer control act"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/02/19/19/duterte-signs-national-integrated-cancer-control-act">the original</a> on February 19, 2019. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+national+integrated+cancer+control+act&rft.date=2019-02-19&rft.aulast=Placido&rft.aufirst=Dharel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F02%2F19%2F19%2Fduterte-signs-national-integrated-cancer-control-act&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-358"><a href="#cite_ref-358">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMusico2018" class="citation news cs1">Musico, Jelly (June 21, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180621124826/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1039023">"Duterte signs Mental Health Law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1039023">the original</a> on June 21, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+Mental+Health+Law&rft.date=2018-06-21&rft.aulast=Musico&rft.aufirst=Jelly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1039023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-359"><a href="#cite_ref-359">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAuto2018" class="citation news cs1">Auto, Hermes (June 21, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180911144826/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/duterte-signs-law-providing-free-healthcare-to-filipinos-suffering-from-mental">"Duterte signs law providing free healthcare to Filipinos suffering from mental illnesses"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Straits_Times" title="The Straits Times">The Straits Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/duterte-signs-law-providing-free-healthcare-to-filipinos-suffering-from-mental">the original</a> on September 11, 2018. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+law+providing+free+healthcare+to+Filipinos+suffering+from+mental+illnesses&rft.date=2018-06-21&rft.aulast=Auto&rft.aufirst=Hermes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fasia%2Fse-asia%2Fduterte-signs-law-providing-free-healthcare-to-filipinos-suffering-from-mental&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-360"><a href="#cite_ref-360">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2019" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (December 3, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191204125400/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1087835">"PRRD signs Malasakit Center law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1087835">the original</a> on December 4, 2019. Retrieved March 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PRRD+signs+Malasakit+Center+law&rft.date=2019-12-03&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1087835&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-361"><a href="#cite_ref-361">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViray2017" class="citation news cs1">Viray, Patricia Lourdes (January 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180913192359/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/01/11/1661456/duterte-signs-eo-implement-rh-law">"Duterte signs EO to implement RH Law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/01/11/1661456/duterte-signs-eo-implement-rh-law">the original</a> on September 13, 2018. Retrieved February 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+EO+to+implement+RH+Law&rft.date=2017-01-17&rft.aulast=Viray&rft.aufirst=Patricia+Lourdes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2017%2F01%2F11%2F1661456%2Fduterte-signs-eo-implement-rh-law&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-362"><a href="#cite_ref-362">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalaverria2017" class="citation news cs1">Salaverria, Leila B. (May 19, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170518210756/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/897714/duterte-signs-eo-banning-smoking-nationwide">"Duterte signs EO banning smoking nationwide"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/897714/duterte-signs-eo-banning-smoking-nationwide">the original</a> on May 18, 2017. Retrieved March 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+EO+banning+smoking+nationwide&rft.date=2017-05-19&rft.aulast=Salaverria&rft.aufirst=Leila+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F897714%2Fduterte-signs-eo-banning-smoking-nationwide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-363"><a href="#cite_ref-363">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2020" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (February 17, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200218165004/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1094070">"Duterte signs EO on medicine price cap"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1094070">the original</a> on February 18, 2020. Retrieved March 20, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+EO+on+medicine+price+cap&rft.date=2020-02-17&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1094070&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-364"><a href="#cite_ref-364">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorrales2017" class="citation news cs1">Corrales, Nestor (August 4, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170804035732/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/920306/breaking-duterte-signs-law-granting-free-tuition-in-sucs">"Duterte signs into law bill granting free tuition in SUCs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/920306/breaking-duterte-signs-law-granting-free-tuition-in-sucs">the original</a> on August 4, 2017. Retrieved February 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+into+law+bill+granting+free+tuition+in+SUCs&rft.date=2017-08-04&rft.aulast=Corrales&rft.aufirst=Nestor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F920306%2Fbreaking-duterte-signs-law-granting-free-tuition-in-sucs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-365"><a href="#cite_ref-365">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2019" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (September 25, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220228120410/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1081474">"Duterte signs Transnational Higher Education Act into law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1081474">the original</a> on February 28, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+Transnational+Higher+Education+Act+into+law&rft.date=2019-09-25&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1081474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-366"><a href="#cite_ref-366">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalinbin2019" class="citation news cs1">Balinbin, Arjay L. (September 25, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190926231840/https://www.bworldonline.com/duterte-signs-law-allowing-foreign-universities-to-offer-degree-programs-in-philippines/">"Duterte signs law allowing foreign universities to offer degree programs in Philippines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a>. BusinessWorld Publishing. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bworldonline.com/duterte-signs-law-allowing-foreign-universities-to-offer-degree-programs-in-philippines/">the original</a> on September 26, 2019. Retrieved February 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+law+allowing+foreign+universities+to+offer+degree+programs+in+Philippines&rft.date=2019-09-25&rft.aulast=Balinbin&rft.aufirst=Arjay+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Fduterte-signs-law-allowing-foreign-universities-to-offer-degree-programs-in-philippines%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-367"><a href="#cite_ref-367">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2021" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (January 5, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105083230/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1126403">"Duterte signs Doktor Para sa Bayan Act"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1126403">the original</a> on January 5, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+Doktor+Para+sa+Bayan+Act&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1126403&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-368"><a href="#cite_ref-368">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210122191137/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/01/05/21/duterte-oks-alternative-learning-system-act">"Duterte OKs Alternative Learning System Act"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. January 5, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/01/05/21/duterte-oks-alternative-learning-system-act">the original</a> on January 22, 2021. Retrieved February 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+OKs+Alternative+Learning+System+Act&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F01%2F05%2F21%2Fduterte-oks-alternative-learning-system-act&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-369"><a href="#cite_ref-369">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCervantes2021" class="citation news cs1">Cervantes, Filane Mikee (January 5, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105113033/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1126452">"Alternative learning system law 'a win for marginalized learners'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1126452">the original</a> on January 5, 2021. Retrieved February 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Alternative+learning+system+law+%27a+win+for+marginalized+learners%27&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft.aulast=Cervantes&rft.aufirst=Filane+Mikee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1126452&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-370"><a href="#cite_ref-370">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2022" class="citation news cs1">Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (March 15, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220315122508/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1169807">"PRRD OKs inclusive education for learners with disabilities"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1169807">the original</a> on March 15, 2022. Retrieved March 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=PRRD+OKs+inclusive+education+for+learners+with+disabilities&rft.date=2022-03-15&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1169807&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-371"><a href="#cite_ref-371">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRola2020" class="citation news cs1">Rola, Alyssa (June 10, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109224229/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/sports/2020/6/10/Duterte-signs-National-Academy-of-Sports-Act.html">"Duterte signs law establishing National Academy of Sports"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/sports/2020/6/10/Duterte-signs-National-Academy-of-Sports-Act.html">the original</a> on November 9, 2020. Retrieved February 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+signs+law+establishing+National+Academy+of+Sports&rft.date=2020-06-10&rft.aulast=Rola&rft.aufirst=Alyssa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fsports%2F2020%2F6%2F10%2FDuterte-signs-National-Academy-of-Sports-Act.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-372"><a href="#cite_ref-372">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicolas2016" class="citation news cs1">Nicolas, Fiona (September 5, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181119104735/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/09/05/Duterte-heads-to-Laos-Asean-summit.html">"Duterte heads to Laos for ASEAN summit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/09/05/Duterte-heads-to-Laos-Asean-summit.html">the original</a> on November 19, 2018. Retrieved September 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+heads+to+Laos+for+ASEAN+summit&rft.date=2016-09-05&rft.aulast=Nicolas&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F09%2F05%2FDuterte-heads-to-Laos-Asean-summit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Storey-2017-373"><a href="#cite_ref-Storey-2017_373-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStorey2017" class="citation journal cs1">Storey, Ian (June 12, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211011104601/https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/ISEAS_Perspective_2017_40.pdf">"Duterte's Moscow Visit Advances Philippine and Russian Foreign Policy Goals"</a> (PDF). Perspective (2017). Singapore: <a href="/wiki/ISEAS_-_Yusof_Ishak_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute">ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute</a>: 1–2. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2335-6677">2335-6677</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/ISEAS_Perspective_2017_40.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 11, 2021. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Perspective&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+Moscow+Visit+Advances+Philippine+and+Russian+Foreign+Policy+Goals&rft.issue=2017&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.date=2017-06-12&rft.issn=2335-6677&rft.aulast=Storey&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iseas.edu.sg%2Fimages%2Fpdf%2FISEAS_Perspective_2017_40.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Diplomat-ForeignPolicy-374"><a href="#cite_ref-Diplomat-ForeignPolicy_374-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalang2017" class="citation news cs1">Galang, Mico A. (April 6, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2017/04/us-china-and-dutertes-independent-foreign-policy/">"US, China, and Duterte's 'Independent Foreign Policy'"</a>. The Diplomat. Retrieved June 1, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft.atitle=US%2C+China%2C+and+Duterte%27s+%27Independent+Foreign+Policy%27&rft.date=2017-04-06&rft.aulast=Galang&rft.aufirst=Mico+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2017%2F04%2Fus-china-and-dutertes-independent-foreign-policy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hendler-2018-375"><a href="#cite_ref-Hendler-2018_375-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHendler2018" class="citation journal cs1">Hendler, Bruno (September 3, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220425053045/https://www.scielo.br/j/cint/a/7HM7FmzZ7qVBrCWyFRkzXdK/?format=pdf&lang=en">"Duterte's Pivot to China, and Prospects for Settling the South China Sea Disputes"</a>. Contexto Internacional. 40 (2): 326. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1590%2FS0102-8529.2018400200005">10.1590/S0102-8529.2018400200005</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149738997">149738997</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scielo.br/j/cint/a/7HM7FmzZ7qVBrCWyFRkzXdK/?format=pdf&lang=en">the original</a> on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contexto+Internacional&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+Pivot+to+China%2C+and+Prospects+for+Settling+the+South+China+Sea+Disputes&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=326&rft.date=2018-09-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1590%2FS0102-8529.2018400200005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A149738997%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Hendler&rft.aufirst=Bruno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.br%2Fj%2Fcint%2Fa%2F7HM7FmzZ7qVBrCWyFRkzXdK%2F%3Fformat%3Dpdf%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-376"><a href="#cite_ref-376">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiuZouWuSpangler2017" class="citation book cs1">Liu, Fu-Kuo; Zou, Keyuan; Wu, Shicun; Spangler, Jonathan (April 20, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=py5qDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA101">South China Sea Lawfare: Post-Arbitration Policy Options and Future Prospects</a>. South China Sea Think Tank. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-986-92828-3-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-986-92828-3-3"><bdi>978-986-92828-3-3</bdi></a>. Retrieved March 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+China+Sea+Lawfare%3A+Post-Arbitration+Policy+Options+and+Future+Prospects&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=South+China+Sea+Think+Tank&rft.date=2017-04-20&rft.isbn=978-986-92828-3-3&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Fu-Kuo&rft.au=Zou%2C+Keyuan&rft.au=Wu%2C+Shicun&rft.au=Spangler%2C+Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpy5qDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-377"><a href="#cite_ref-377">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShojiTomikawa" class="citation journal cs1">Shoji, Tomotaka; Tomikawa, Hideo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170822162448/http://www.nids.mod.go.jp/english/publication/east-asian/pdf/2017/east-asian_e2017_05.pdf">"Chapter 5; Southeast Asia: Duterte Takes Office, South China Sea in Flux"</a> (PDF). East Asian Strategic Review (2017). National Institute for Defense Studies: 4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nids.mod.go.jp/english/publication/east-asian/pdf/2017/east-asian_e2017_05.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on August 22, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=East+Asian+Strategic+Review&rft.atitle=Chapter+5%3B+Southeast+Asia%3A+Duterte+Takes+Office%2C+South+China+Sea+in+Flux&rft.issue=2017&rft.pages=4&rft.aulast=Shoji&rft.aufirst=Tomotaka&rft.au=Tomikawa%2C+Hideo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nids.mod.go.jp%2Fenglish%2Fpublication%2Feast-asian%2Fpdf%2F2017%2Feast-asian_e2017_05.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-chinaduterte42-378"><a href="#cite_ref-chinaduterte42_378-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSfQwu4EBn0">"Pagdami ng Chinese workers, isa sa isyu sa Bonifacio Day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News_and_Current_Affairs" title="ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs">ABS-CBN News</a>. November 30, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211219/wSfQwu4EBn0">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2021 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Pagdami+ng+Chinese+workers%2C+isa+sa+isyu+sa+Bonifacio+Day&rft.date=2018-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DwSfQwu4EBn0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-379"><a href="#cite_ref-379">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmsXzBmslvI">"Activists mark 'Day of Valor' with anti-China protests | ANC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News_and_Current_Affairs" title="ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs">ABS-CBN News</a>. April 9, 2019 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Activists+mark+%27Day+of+Valor%27+with+anti-China+protests+%7C+ANC&rft.date=2019-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DnmsXzBmslvI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-380"><a href="#cite_ref-380">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/09/05/philippine-president-threatens-to-curse-out-obama-obama-calls-him-a-colorful-guy/">"Obama cancels meeting with 'colorful' Philippine president, who now expresses regret…"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. September 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Obama+cancels+meeting+with+%27colorful%27+Philippine+president%2C+who+now+expresses+regret%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2016-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fpost-politics%2Fwp%2F2016%2F09%2F05%2Fphilippine-president-threatens-to-curse-out-obama-obama-calls-him-a-colorful-guy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-381"><a href="#cite_ref-381">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2016/09/05/politics/philippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-barack-obama/">"After cursing Obama, Duterte expresses regret…"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. September 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=After+cursing+Obama%2C+Duterte+expresses+regret%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2016-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2016%2F09%2F05%2Fpolitics%2Fphilippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-barack-obama%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-382"><a href="#cite_ref-382">^</a> See the following citations: <div><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/12/24/16/dutertes-drug-war-a-campaign-of-mass-atrocities-us-senators">"Duterte's drug war a 'campaign of mass atrocities': US senators"</a>.</li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/12/28/1657489/us-senators-want-tracking-funds-philippines-amid-drug-war">"US senators want tracking of funds in Philippines amid drug war"</a>.</li></ul></div> </li> <li id="cite_note-383"><a href="#cite_ref-383">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyalin2017" class="citation news cs1">Ayalin, Adrian (November 14, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171114131159/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/11/14/17/asean-protests-end-with-burning-of-us-flag-in-mendiola">"ASEAN protests end with burning of US flag in Mendiola"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/11/14/17/asean-protests-end-with-burning-of-us-flag-in-mendiola">the original</a> on November 14, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=ASEAN+protests+end+with+burning+of+US+flag+in+Mendiola&rft.date=2017-11-14&rft.aulast=Ayalin&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F11%2F14%2F17%2Fasean-protests-end-with-burning-of-us-flag-in-mendiola&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MilleniumPost-384">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MilleniumPost_384-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MilleniumPost_384-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220426072654/http://www.millenniumpost.in/world/womens-group-in-manila-burns-us-flag-with-trumps-face-218996">"Women's group in Manila burns US flag with Trump's face"</a>. Millennium Post. March 9, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.millenniumpost.in/world/womens-group-in-manila-burns-us-flag-with-trumps-face-218996">the original</a> on April 26, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Millennium+Post&rft.atitle=Women%27s+group+in+Manila+burns+US+flag+with+Trump%27s+face&rft.date=2017-03-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.millenniumpost.in%2Fworld%2Fwomens-group-in-manila-burns-us-flag-with-trumps-face-218996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-385"><a href="#cite_ref-385">^</a> (from 0:24) Damay din ang pati watawat ng Amerika, dahil imperyalista rin daw sila. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GM92sKqAYr0">Bandila: Ilang estudyante, nagsunog ng watawat ng China sa pagtatapos ng bisita ni Xi Jinping</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-386"><a href="#cite_ref-386">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190329172600/https://news.mb.com.ph/2017/11/13/militants-protest-trump-visit/">"Militants protest Trump visit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mb.com.ph/2017/11/13/militants-protest-trump-visit">the original</a> on March 29, 2019. Retrieved January 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Militants+protest+Trump+visit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mb.com.ph%2F2017%2F11%2F13%2Fmilitants-protest-trump-visit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_Inquirer-DuterteNamesCabinet-387"><a href="#cite_ref-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_Inquirer-DuterteNamesCabinet_387-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorrales2016" class="citation news cs1">Corrales, Nestor (May 31, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160803230505/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/788515/duterte-names-members-of-cabinet">"Duterte names members of Cabinet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/788515/duterte-names-members-of-cabinet">the original</a> on August 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+names+members+of+Cabinet&rft.date=2016-05-31&rft.aulast=Corrales&rft.aufirst=Nestor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F788515%2Fduterte-names-members-of-cabinet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-388"><a href="#cite_ref-388">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenzon2016" class="citation news cs1">Venzon, Cliff (June 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Duterte-s-cabinet-taps-retired-generals-and-communists">"Duterte's cabinet taps retired generals and communists"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nikkei_Asia" title="Nikkei Asia">Nikkei Asia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221120161158/https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:weGeGMo-zv8J:https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Duterte-s-cabinet-taps-retired-generals-and-communists">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nikkei+Asia&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+cabinet+taps+retired+generals+and+communists&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.aulast=Venzon&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasia.nikkei.com%2FPolitics%2FDuterte-s-cabinet-taps-retired-generals-and-communists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_PhilStar-CabinetTakesOath-389"><a href="#cite_ref-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_PhilStar-CabinetTakesOath_389-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViray2016" class="citation news cs1">Viray, Patricia Lourdes (June 30, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701152211/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/06/30/1598175/dutertes-cabinet-takes-oath-holds-first-meeting">"Duterte's Cabinet takes oath, holds first meeting"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/06/30/1598175/dutertes-cabinet-takes-oath-holds-first-meeting">the original</a> on July 1, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+Cabinet+takes+oath%2C+holds+first+meeting&rft.date=2016-06-30&rft.aulast=Viray&rft.aufirst=Patricia+Lourdes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F06%2F30%2F1598175%2Fdutertes-cabinet-takes-oath-holds-first-meeting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_RTVM-CabinetMassOathTaking-390"><a href="#cite_ref-Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte_RTVM-CabinetMassOathTaking_390-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225191005/https://rtvm.gov.ph/mass-oath-taking-of-the-cabinet-members/">"Mass Oath-Taking of the Cabinet Members"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Television_Malaca%C3%B1ang" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio Television Malacañang">Radio Television Malacañang</a>. <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Communications_Operations_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Communications Operations Office">Presidential Communications Operations Office</a>. June 30, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rtvm.gov.ph/mass-oath-taking-of-the-cabinet-members/">the original</a> on February 25, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Television+Malaca%C3%B1ang&rft.atitle=Mass+Oath-Taking+of+the+Cabinet+Members&rft.date=2016-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frtvm.gov.ph%2Fmass-oath-taking-of-the-cabinet-members%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-391"><a href="#cite_ref-391">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiola2016" class="citation news cs1">Diola, Camille (June 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160915212059/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/06/03/1589711/duterte-appoints-closest-aide-broadcaster-palace-posts">"Duterte appoints closest aide, broadcaster to Palace posts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/06/03/1589711/duterte-appoints-closest-aide-broadcaster-palace-posts">the original</a> on September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+appoints+closest+aide%2C+broadcaster+to+Palace+posts&rft.date=2016-06-03&rft.aulast=Diola&rft.aufirst=Camille&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F06%2F03%2F1589711%2Fduterte-appoints-closest-aide-broadcaster-palace-posts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-392"><a href="#cite_ref-392">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210609130947/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/duterte-sees-nobody-deserving-as-next-philippine-president-says-he-is-ready-to-retire">"Duterte 'sees nobody deserving' as next Philippine President, says he is ready to retire"</a>. The Straits Times. June 9, 2021. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0585-3923">0585-3923</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/duterte-sees-nobody-deserving-as-next-philippine-president-says-he-is-ready-to-retire">the original</a> on June 9, 2021. Retrieved October 9, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Duterte+%27sees+nobody+deserving%27+as+next+Philippine+President%2C+says+he+is+ready+to+retire&rft.date=2021-06-09&rft.issn=0585-3923&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fasia%2Fse-asia%2Fduterte-sees-nobody-deserving-as-next-philippine-president-says-he-is-ready-to-retire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-393"><a href="#cite_ref-393">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYapCalonzo2021" class="citation news cs1">Yap, Cecilia; Calonzo, Andreo (June 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-16/duterte-says-running-for-philippine-vice-president-a-good-idea">"Duterte Says Running for Vice President is a 'Good Idea'"</a>. Bloomberg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220808130835/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-16/duterte-says-running-for-philippine-vice-president-a-good-idea">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved June 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Duterte+Says+Running+for+Vice+President+is+a+%27Good+Idea%27&rft.date=2021-06-16&rft.aulast=Yap&rft.aufirst=Cecilia&rft.au=Calonzo%2C+Andreo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-06-16%2Fduterte-says-running-for-philippine-vice-president-a-good-idea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-394"><a href="#cite_ref-394">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220426082930/https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-08-24/philippines-duterte-accepts-endorsement-to-run-as-vice-president-in-2022">"Philippines' Duterte Raises Rivals' Suspicions by Seeking Vice Presidency in 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a>. Reuters. August 24, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-08-24/philippines-duterte-accepts-endorsement-to-run-as-vice-president-in-2022">the original</a> on April 26, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+Raises+Rivals%27+Suspicions+by+Seeking+Vice+Presidency+in+2022&rft.date=2021-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2021-08-24%2Fphilippines-duterte-accepts-endorsement-to-run-as-vice-president-in-2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-395"><a href="#cite_ref-395">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210825073536/https://apnews.com/article/health-coronavirus-pandemic-philippines-a2baadec81c6a7042c0d829b15630696">"Duterte confirms he'll run for Philippines VP next year"</a>. Associated Press. August 25, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/health-coronavirus-pandemic-philippines-a2baadec81c6a7042c0d829b15630696">the original</a> on August 25, 2021. Retrieved August 25, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Duterte+confirms+he%27ll+run+for+Philippines+VP+next+year&rft.pub=Associated+Press&rft.date=2021-08-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fhealth-coronavirus-pandemic-philippines-a2baadec81c6a7042c0d829b15630696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-396"><a href="#cite_ref-396">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvez2021" class="citation news cs1">Galvez, Daphne (October 8, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211008093010/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1499224/bato-is-cusi-wing-pdp-labans-standard-bearer-for-2022-polls">"'Bato' dela Rosa is Cusi wing PDP-Laban's standard-bearer for 2022 polls"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1499224/bato-is-cusi-wing-pdp-labans-standard-bearer-for-2022-polls">the original</a> on October 8, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=%27Bato%27+dela+Rosa+is+Cusi+wing+PDP-Laban%27s+standard-bearer+for+2022+polls&rft.date=2021-10-08&rft.aulast=Galvez&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1499224%2Fbato-is-cusi-wing-pdp-labans-standard-bearer-for-2022-polls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-397"><a href="#cite_ref-397">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvez2021" class="citation news cs1">Galvez, Daphne (October 19, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019014553/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1503654/bato-dela-rosa-suspected-to-be-a-placeholder-agrees-to-amend-substitution-rule">"Bato, suspected to be a placeholder, agrees to amend substitution rule"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1503654/bato-dela-rosa-suspected-to-be-a-placeholder-agrees-to-amend-substitution-rule">the original</a> on October 19, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Bato%2C+suspected+to+be+a+placeholder%2C+agrees+to+amend+substitution+rule&rft.date=2021-10-19&rft.aulast=Galvez&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1503654%2Fbato-dela-rosa-suspected-to-be-a-placeholder-agrees-to-amend-substitution-rule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-398"><a href="#cite_ref-398">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYumol2021" class="citation news cs1">Yumol, David Tristan (October 2, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211002083502/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/10/2/Duterte-retirement-politics.html">"Duterte announces retirement from politics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/10/2/Duterte-retirement-politics.html">the original</a> on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+announces+retirement+from+politics&rft.date=2021-10-02&rft.aulast=Yumol&rft.aufirst=David+Tristan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F10%2F2%2FDuterte-retirement-politics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-ShowOfDismay-399">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-ShowOfDismay_399-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-ShowOfDismay_399-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernandez2021" class="citation news cs1">Fernandez, Daniza (November 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211114062807/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1514702/dutertes-possible-vp-run-a-show-of-dismay-for-sara-dutertes-candidacy">"Duterte's possible VP run a show of dismay for Sara Duterte's candidacy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1514702/dutertes-possible-vp-run-a-show-of-dismay-for-sara-dutertes-candidacy">the original</a> on November 14, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+possible+VP+run+a+show+of+dismay+for+Sara+Duterte%27s+candidacy&rft.date=2021-11-14&rft.aulast=Fernandez&rft.aufirst=Daniza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1514702%2Fdutertes-possible-vp-run-a-show-of-dismay-for-sara-dutertes-candidacy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-400"><a href="#cite_ref-400">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYumol2021" class="citation news cs1">Yumol, David Tristan (November 13, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211113084143/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/11/13/bato-dela-rosa-withdraws-2022-presidential-race.html">"Bato Dela Rosa withdraws from 2022 presidential race"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/11/13/bato-dela-rosa-withdraws-2022-presidential-race.html">the original</a> on November 13, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Bato+Dela+Rosa+withdraws+from+2022+presidential+race&rft.date=2021-11-13&rft.aulast=Yumol&rft.aufirst=David+Tristan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F11%2F13%2Fbato-dela-rosa-withdraws-2022-presidential-race.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-401"><a href="#cite_ref-401">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvez2021" class="citation news cs1">Galvez, Daphne (November 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211115083416/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1515218/duterte-to-run-for-senator-in-2022-bong-go">"Duterte to run for senator in 2022 – Bong Go"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1515218/duterte-to-run-for-senator-in-2022-bong-go">the original</a> on November 15, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+to+run+for+senator+in+2022+%E2%80%93+Bong+Go&rft.date=2021-11-15&rft.aulast=Galvez&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1515218%2Fduterte-to-run-for-senator-in-2022-bong-go&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-402"><a href="#cite_ref-402">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvez2021" class="citation news cs1">Galvez, Daphne (November 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211117060724/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1516272/duterte-endorses-bong-go-sara-duterte-tandem-in-meeting-with-lawmakers">"Duterte endorses Bong Go-Inday Sara tandem in meeting with lawmakers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1516272/duterte-endorses-bong-go-sara-duterte-tandem-in-meeting-with-lawmakers">the original</a> on November 17, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+endorses+Bong+Go-Inday+Sara+tandem+in+meeting+with+lawmakers&rft.date=2021-11-17&rft.aulast=Galvez&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1516272%2Fduterte-endorses-bong-go-sara-duterte-tandem-in-meeting-with-lawmakers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-403"><a href="#cite_ref-403">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercado2021" class="citation news cs1">Mercado, Neil Arwin (November 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211116153120/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1515954/breaking-its-official-bongbong-inday-sara-running-as-tandem-for-2022">"It's official: Bongbong Marcos, Sara Duterte running in tandem in 2022 elections"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1515954/breaking-its-official-bongbong-inday-sara-running-as-tandem-for-2022">the original</a> on November 16, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=It%27s+official%3A+Bongbong+Marcos%2C+Sara+Duterte+running+in+tandem+in+2022+elections&rft.date=2021-11-16&rft.aulast=Mercado&rft.aufirst=Neil+Arwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1515954%2Fbreaking-its-official-bongbong-inday-sara-running-as-tandem-for-2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-404"><a href="#cite_ref-404">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorregoza2021" class="citation news cs1">Torregoza, Hannah (November 30, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211130045646/https://mb.com.ph/2021/11/30/bong-go-backs-out-of-may-2022-presidential-race/">"Bong Go backs out of May 2022 presidential race"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2021/11/30/bong-go-backs-out-of-may-2022-presidential-race/">the original</a> on November 30, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Bong+Go+backs+out+of+May+2022+presidential+race&rft.date=2021-11-30&rft.aulast=Torregoza&rft.aufirst=Hannah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2021%2F11%2F30%2Fbong-go-backs-out-of-may-2022-presidential-race%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-405"><a href="#cite_ref-405">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211214084232/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/12/14/Duterte-withdraws-Senate-2022-bid.html">"Duterte withdraws from 2022 Senate race"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. December 14, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/12/14/Duterte-withdraws-Senate-2022-bid.html">the original</a> on December 14, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+withdraws+from+2022+Senate+race&rft.date=2021-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F12%2F14%2FDuterte-withdraws-Senate-2022-bid.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-406"><a href="#cite_ref-406">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211202123253/https://verafiles.org/articles/vera-files-fact-check-duterte-walks-back-declaring-marcos-jr">"Vera Files Fact Check: Duterte walks back on declaring Marcos Jr. a 'capable' successor"</a>. <a href="/wiki/VERA_Files" class="mw-redirect" title="VERA Files">VERA Files</a>. December 2, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://verafiles.org/articles/vera-files-fact-check-duterte-walks-back-declaring-marcos-jr">the original</a> on December 2, 2021. Retrieved November 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=VERA+Files&rft.atitle=Vera+Files+Fact+Check%3A+Duterte+walks+back+on+declaring+Marcos+Jr.+a+%27capable%27+successor&rft.date=2021-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fverafiles.org%2Farticles%2Fvera-files-fact-check-duterte-walks-back-declaring-marcos-jr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-407"><a href="#cite_ref-407">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManahan2022" class="citation news cs1">Manahan, Job (March 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221017011757/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/03/22/22/palace-presidential-bets-still-seeking-dutertes-endorsement">"Palace: Presidential bets still seeking Duterte's endorsement"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/03/22/22/palace-presidential-bets-still-seeking-dutertes-endorsement">the original</a> on October 17, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Palace%3A+Presidential+bets+still+seeking+Duterte%27s+endorsement&rft.date=2022-03-22&rft.aulast=Manahan&rft.aufirst=Job&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F03%2F22%2F22%2Fpalace-presidential-bets-still-seeking-dutertes-endorsement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-408"><a href="#cite_ref-408">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendoza2022" class="citation news cs1">Mendoza, John Eric (March 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220323112348/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1572649/isko-moreno-still-hopeful-of-dutertes-endorsement-despite-pdp-laban-backing-of-marcos-jr">"Isko still hopeful of Duterte's endorsement despite PDP-Laban backing of Marcos Jr"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1572649/isko-moreno-still-hopeful-of-dutertes-endorsement-despite-pdp-laban-backing-of-marcos-jr">the original</a> on March 23, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Isko+still+hopeful+of+Duterte%27s+endorsement+despite+PDP-Laban+backing+of+Marcos+Jr.&rft.date=2022-03-23&rft.aulast=Mendoza&rft.aufirst=John+Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1572649%2Fisko-moreno-still-hopeful-of-dutertes-endorsement-despite-pdp-laban-backing-of-marcos-jr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-409"><a href="#cite_ref-409">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220317102159/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2022/3/16/Robredo-Duterte-endorsement-not-transactional.html">"VP spox: Robredo to welcome Duterte endorsement provided 'it's not transactional'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. March 16, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2022/3/16/Robredo-Duterte-endorsement-not-transactional.html">the original</a> on March 17, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=VP+spox%3A+Robredo+to+welcome+Duterte+endorsement+provided+%27it%27s+not+transactional%27&rft.date=2022-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F3%2F16%2FRobredo-Duterte-endorsement-not-transactional.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-PDPLabanEndorse-410">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-PDPLabanEndorse_410-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-PDPLabanEndorse_410-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-PDPLabanEndorse_410-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernandez2022" class="citation news cs1">Fernandez, Daniza (March 31, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331134935/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1576494/after-pdp-laban-endorsement-of-marcos-jr-duterte-insists-neutrality-in-next-elections">"After PDP-Laban endorsement of Marcos Jr., Duterte insists neutrality"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1576494/after-pdp-laban-endorsement-of-marcos-jr-duterte-insists-neutrality-in-next-elections">the original</a> on March 31, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=After+PDP-Laban+endorsement+of+Marcos+Jr.%2C+Duterte+insists+neutrality&rft.date=2022-03-31&rft.aulast=Fernandez&rft.aufirst=Daniza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1576494%2Fafter-pdp-laban-endorsement-of-marcos-jr-duterte-insists-neutrality-in-next-elections&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-411"><a href="#cite_ref-411">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvez2022" class="citation news cs1">Galvez, Daphne (March 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220323052339/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1572438/adviser-urges-duterte-endorse-marcos-he-is-the-best-to-protect-you">"Adviser urges Duterte: Endorse Marcos, he is the best to protect you"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1572438/adviser-urges-duterte-endorse-marcos-he-is-the-best-to-protect-you">the original</a> on March 23, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Adviser+urges+Duterte%3A+Endorse+Marcos%2C+he+is+the+best+to+protect+you&rft.date=2022-03-23&rft.aulast=Galvez&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1572438%2Fadviser-urges-duterte-endorse-marcos-he-is-the-best-to-protect-you&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-412"><a href="#cite_ref-412">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeducos2022" class="citation news cs1">Geducos, Argyll Cyrus (April 2, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220402015603/https://mb.com.ph/2022/04/02/duterte-endorses-saras-vp-candidacy/">"Duterte endorses Sara's VP candidacy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2022/04/02/duterte-endorses-saras-vp-candidacy/">the original</a> on April 2, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+endorses+Sara%27s+VP+candidacy&rft.date=2022-04-02&rft.aulast=Geducos&rft.aufirst=Argyll+Cyrus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2022%2F04%2F02%2Fduterte-endorses-saras-vp-candidacy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-413"><a href="#cite_ref-413">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsrael2022" class="citation news cs1">Israel, Dale G. (April 2, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220402001917/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1576947/duterte-endorses-17-senatorial-bets">"Duterte endorses 17 senatorial bets"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1576947/duterte-endorses-17-senatorial-bets">the original</a> on April 2, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+endorses+17+senatorial+bets&rft.date=2022-04-02&rft.aulast=Israel&rft.aufirst=Dale+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1576947%2Fduterte-endorses-17-senatorial-bets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MB-CabinetBannedCampaigning-414"><a href="#cite_ref-MB-CabinetBannedCampaigning_414-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeducos2022" class="citation news cs1">Geducos, Argyll Cyrus (February 26, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220310065154/https://mb.com.ph/2022/02/26/duterte-cabinet-members-except-cusi-banned-from-campaigning/">"Duterte: Cabinet members, except Cusi, banned from campaigning"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2022/02/26/duterte-cabinet-members-except-cusi-banned-from-campaigning/">the original</a> on March 10, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+Cabinet+members%2C+except+Cusi%2C+banned+from+campaigning&rft.date=2022-02-26&rft.aulast=Geducos&rft.aufirst=Argyll+Cyrus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2022%2F02%2F26%2Fduterte-cabinet-members-except-cusi-banned-from-campaigning%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-415"><a href="#cite_ref-415">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValente2022" class="citation news cs1">Valente, Catherine S. (April 7, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406161025/https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/04/07/news/national/duterte-will-not-endorse-presidential-bet/1839151">"Duterte will not endorse presidential bet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/04/07/news/national/duterte-will-not-endorse-presidential-bet/1839151">the original</a> on April 6, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Duterte+will+not+endorse+presidential+bet&rft.date=2022-04-07&rft.aulast=Valente&rft.aufirst=Catherine+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2022%2F04%2F07%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fduterte-will-not-endorse-presidential-bet%2F1839151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-416"><a href="#cite_ref-416">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvez2022" class="citation news cs1">Galvez, Daphne (March 16, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220316051051/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1569159/evardones-endorsement-of-robredo-has-dutertes-blessing">"Evardone's endorsement of Robredo has Duterte's blessing"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1569159/evardones-endorsement-of-robredo-has-dutertes-blessing">the original</a> on March 16, 2022. Retrieved July 28, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Evardone%27s+endorsement+of+Robredo+has+Duterte%27s+blessing&rft.date=2022-03-16&rft.aulast=Galvez&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1569159%2Fevardones-endorsement-of-robredo-has-dutertes-blessing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-417"><a href="#cite_ref-417">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFelipe2022" class="citation news cs1">Felipe, Cecille Suerte (March 25, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220327141847/https://www.onenews.ph/articles/duterte-marcos-talk-but-no-endorsement-go">"Duterte, Marcos Talk, But No Endorsement – Go"</a>. <a href="/wiki/One_News_(TV_channel)" title="One News (TV channel)">One News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.onenews.ph/articles/duterte-marcos-talk-but-no-endorsement-go">the original</a> on March 27, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=One+News&rft.atitle=Duterte%2C+Marcos+Talk%2C+But+No+Endorsement+%E2%80%93+Go&rft.date=2022-03-25&rft.aulast=Felipe&rft.aufirst=Cecille+Suerte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.onenews.ph%2Farticles%2Fduterte-marcos-talk-but-no-endorsement-go&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-418"><a href="#cite_ref-418">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorrales2022" class="citation news cs1">Corrales, Nestor (May 5, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220504222554/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1592547/duterte-creates-palace-transition-team">"Duterte creates Palace transition team"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1592547/duterte-creates-palace-transition-team">the original</a> on May 4, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+creates+Palace+transition+team&rft.date=2022-05-05&rft.aulast=Corrales&rft.aufirst=Nestor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1592547%2Fduterte-creates-palace-transition-team&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABSCBN-DutertePopularity-419">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABSCBN-DutertePopularity_419-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABSCBN-DutertePopularity_419-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManahan2022" class="citation news cs1">Manahan, Job (May 10, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220512182350/https://news.abs-cbn.com/spotlight/05/10/22/solid-north-solid-south-solidified-votes-for-marcos-jr-sara-duterte">"Duterte's popularity, regionalism crystalized votes for Marcos Jr., Sara Duterte: analysts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/spotlight/05/10/22/solid-north-solid-south-solidified-votes-for-marcos-jr-sara-duterte">the original</a> on May 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+popularity%2C+regionalism+crystalized+votes+for+Marcos+Jr.%2C+Sara+Duterte%3A+analysts&rft.date=2022-05-10&rft.aulast=Manahan&rft.aufirst=Job&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fspotlight%2F05%2F10%2F22%2Fsolid-north-solid-south-solidified-votes-for-marcos-jr-sara-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-420"><a href="#cite_ref-420">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2017" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Eimor P. (March 16, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170316070253/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/03/16/impeachment-complaint-vs-Duterte.html">"Duterte faces impeachment complaint over alleged killings, corruption"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/03/16/impeachment-complaint-vs-Duterte.html">the original</a> on March 16, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+faces+impeachment+complaint+over+alleged+killings%2C+corruption&rft.date=2017-03-16&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Eimor+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F03%2F16%2Fimpeachment-complaint-vs-Duterte.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-421"><a href="#cite_ref-421">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170319135433/https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/duterte-says-hes-not-intimidated-by-impeachment-attempt/">"Duterte says he's not intimidated by impeachment attempt"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Seattle_Times" title="The Seattle Times">The Seattle Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. March 19, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/duterte-says-hes-not-intimidated-by-impeachment-attempt/">the original</a> on March 19, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Seattle+Times&rft.atitle=Duterte+says+he%27s+not+intimidated+by+impeachment+attempt&rft.date=2017-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seattletimes.com%2Fnation-world%2Fduterte-says-hes-not-intimidated-by-impeachment-attempt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-422"><a href="#cite_ref-422">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2017" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Eimor P. (March 30, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170330152810/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/03/30/supplemental-impeachment-complaint-President-Duterte.html">"Duterte faces more impeachment charges over 'inaction' in sea row"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/03/30/supplemental-impeachment-complaint-President-Duterte.html">the original</a> on March 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+faces+more+impeachment+charges+over+%27inaction%27+in+sea+row&rft.date=2017-03-30&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Eimor+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F03%2F30%2Fsupplemental-impeachment-complaint-President-Duterte.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-423"><a href="#cite_ref-423">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCayabyab2017" class="citation news cs1">Cayabyab, Marc Jayson (March 30, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170401222615/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/884967/solon-files-impeach-rap-vs-duterte-over-west-ph-sea-benham-rise-policies">"Solon files impeach rap vs Duterte over West PH Sea, Benham Rise"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/884967/solon-files-impeach-rap-vs-duterte-over-west-ph-sea-benham-rise-policies">the original</a> on April 1, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Solon+files+impeach+rap+vs+Duterte+over+West+PH+Sea%2C+Benham+Rise&rft.date=2017-03-30&rft.aulast=Cayabyab&rft.aufirst=Marc+Jayson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F884967%2Fsolon-files-impeach-rap-vs-duterte-over-west-ph-sea-benham-rise-policies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-424"><a href="#cite_ref-424">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170515160600/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/05/15/Duterte-impeachment-complaint-dismissed-House-Alejano-Magdalo.html">"House committee effectively dismisses impeachment complaint vs. Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. May 15, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/05/15/Duterte-impeachment-complaint-dismissed-House-Alejano-Magdalo.html">the original</a> on May 15, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=House+committee+effectively+dismisses+impeachment+complaint+vs.+Duterte&rft.date=2017-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F05%2F15%2FDuterte-impeachment-complaint-dismissed-House-Alejano-Magdalo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-425"><a href="#cite_ref-425">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCayabyab2017" class="citation news cs1">Cayabyab, Marc Jayson (May 15, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517012651/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/896800/house-justice-panel-junks-duterte-impeach-complaint-for-lack-of-substance">"House panel junks Duterte impeach complaint for lack of substance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/896800/house-justice-panel-junks-duterte-impeach-complaint-for-lack-of-substance">the original</a> on May 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=House+panel+junks+Duterte+impeach+complaint+for+lack+of+substance&rft.date=2017-05-15&rft.aulast=Cayabyab&rft.aufirst=Marc+Jayson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F896800%2Fhouse-justice-panel-junks-duterte-impeach-complaint-for-lack-of-substance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-426"><a href="#cite_ref-426">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValente2022" class="citation news cs1">Valente, Catherine S. (July 1, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220630173153/https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/07/01/news/national/citizen-duterte-flies-home-to-davao-city/1849380">"Citizen Duterte flies home to Davao City"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/07/01/news/national/citizen-duterte-flies-home-to-davao-city/1849380">the original</a> on June 30, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Citizen+Duterte+flies+home+to+Davao+City&rft.date=2022-07-01&rft.aulast=Valente&rft.aufirst=Catherine+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2022%2F07%2F01%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fcitizen-duterte-flies-home-to-davao-city%2F1849380&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PublicusAsia-TopsVoters-427">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PublicusAsia-TopsVoters_427-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PublicusAsia-TopsVoters_427-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230406170940/https://www.publicusasia.com/duterte-tops-voters-mind-pahayag/">"Duterte Tops Voters' Mind – Pahayag"</a>. PUBLiCUS Asia. March 25, 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicusasia.com/duterte-tops-voters-mind-pahayag/">the original</a> on April 6, 2023. Retrieved April 6, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PUBLiCUS+Asia&rft.atitle=Duterte+Tops+Voters%27+Mind+%E2%80%93+Pahayag&rft.date=2023-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicusasia.com%2Fduterte-tops-voters-mind-pahayag%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-428"><a href="#cite_ref-428">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBordey2023" class="citation news cs1">Bordey, Hana (September 12, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/881884/gloria-arroyo-confirms-urging-ex-president-rodrigo-duterte-to-be-active-again-in-politics/story/">"Gloria Arroyo confirms urging ex-President Duterte to be active again in politics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Retrieved November 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Gloria+Arroyo+confirms+urging+ex-President+Duterte+to+be+active+again+in+politics&rft.date=2023-09-12&rft.aulast=Bordey&rft.aufirst=Hana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F881884%2Fgloria-arroyo-confirms-urging-ex-president-rodrigo-duterte-to-be-active-again-in-politics%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SunStar-GikanSaMasa-429"><a href="#cite_ref-SunStar-GikanSaMasa_429-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLlemit2023" class="citation news cs1">Llemit, Ralph Lawrence G. (January 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230116030628/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1950794/davao/local-news/ex-pres-dutertes-gikan-sa-masa-para-sa-masa-returns">"Ex-Pres. Duterte's 'Gikan sa Masa, Para sa Masa' returns"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1950794/davao/local-news/ex-pres-dutertes-gikan-sa-masa-para-sa-masa-returns">the original</a> on January 16, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Ex-Pres.+Duterte%27s+%27Gikan+sa+Masa%2C+Para+sa+Masa%27+returns&rft.date=2023-01-14&rft.aulast=Llemit&rft.aufirst=Ralph+Lawrence+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Farticle%2F1950794%2Fdavao%2Flocal-news%2Fex-pres-dutertes-gikan-sa-masa-para-sa-masa-returns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-430"><a href="#cite_ref-430">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColina2023" class="citation news cs1">Colina, Antonio IV (June 28, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230629114631/https://mb.com.ph/2023/6/28/ex-president-duterte-says-chinese-envoy-told-him-ph-will-be-target-if-it-aids-us-in-attacking-china">"Ex-President Duterte says Chinese envoy told him PH will be 'target' if it aids US in attacking China"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2023/6/28/ex-president-duterte-says-chinese-envoy-told-him-ph-will-be-target-if-it-aids-us-in-attacking-china">the original</a> on June 29, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Ex-President+Duterte+says+Chinese+envoy+told+him+PH+will+be+%27target%27+if+it+aids+US+in+attacking+China&rft.date=2023-06-28&rft.aulast=Colina&rft.aufirst=Antonio+IV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2023%2F6%2F28%2Fex-president-duterte-says-chinese-envoy-told-him-ph-will-be-target-if-it-aids-us-in-attacking-china&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-431"><a href="#cite_ref-431">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLlemit2023" class="citation news cs1">Llemit, Ralph Lawrence G. (February 1, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240726153831/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/ex-pres-duterte-iccs-drug-war-probe-an-insult-to-ph">"Ex-pres Duterte: ICC's drug war probe an insult to PH"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. SunStar Publishing Inc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/ex-pres-duterte-iccs-drug-war-probe-an-insult-to-ph">the original</a> on July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Ex-pres+Duterte%3A+ICC%27s+drug+war+probe+an+insult+to+PH&rft.date=2023-02-01&rft.aulast=Llemit&rft.aufirst=Ralph+Lawrence+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Flocal-news%2Fex-pres-duterte-iccs-drug-war-probe-an-insult-to-ph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-432"><a href="#cite_ref-432">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColina2023" class="citation news cs1">Colina, Antonio IV (June 13, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230613150841/https://mindanews.com/top-stories/2023/06/ex-president-duterte-warns-implication-of-us-access-to-phl-military-bases/#gsc.tab=0">"Ex-President Duterte Warns Implication Of US Access To PHL Military Bases"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MindaNews" title="MindaNews">MindaNews</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mindanews.com/top-stories/2023/06/ex-president-duterte-warns-implication-of-us-access-to-phl-military-bases/#gsc.tab=0">the original</a> on June 13, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MindaNews&rft.atitle=Ex-President+Duterte+Warns+Implication+Of+US+Access+To+PHL+Military+Bases&rft.date=2023-06-13&rft.aulast=Colina&rft.aufirst=Antonio+IV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmindanews.com%2Ftop-stories%2F2023%2F06%2Fex-president-duterte-warns-implication-of-us-access-to-phl-military-bases%2F%23gsc.tab%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-433"><a href="#cite_ref-433">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSim2023" class="citation news cs1">Sim, Dewey (July 18, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230719160457/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3228126/xis-surprise-meeting-duterte-latest-bid-improve-ties-manila">"Xi's surprise meeting with Duterte the latest bid to improve ties with Manila"</a>. <a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3228126/xis-surprise-meeting-duterte-latest-bid-improve-ties-manila">the original</a> on July 19, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Xi%27s+surprise+meeting+with+Duterte+the+latest+bid+to+improve+ties+with+Manila&rft.date=2023-07-18&rft.aulast=Sim&rft.aufirst=Dewey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fdiplomacy%2Farticle%2F3228126%2Fxis-surprise-meeting-duterte-latest-bid-improve-ties-manila&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-434"><a href="#cite_ref-434">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSadongdong2023" class="citation news cs1">Sadongdong, Martin (July 21, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230722134929/https://mb.com.ph/2023/7/21/gibo-hopes-duterte-pushed-for-ph-interests-in-meeting-with-xi">"Gibo hopes Duterte pushed for PH interests in meeting with Xi"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2023/7/21/gibo-hopes-duterte-pushed-for-ph-interests-in-meeting-with-xi">the original</a> on July 22, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Gibo+hopes+Duterte+pushed+for+PH+interests+in+meeting+with+Xi&rft.date=2023-07-21&rft.aulast=Sadongdong&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2023%2F7%2F21%2Fgibo-hopes-duterte-pushed-for-ph-interests-in-meeting-with-xi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-435"><a href="#cite_ref-435">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLazaroCorrales2023" class="citation news cs1">Lazaro, Jacob; Corrales, Nestor (July 19, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230719025056/https://globalnation.inquirer.net/216699/marcos-hopes-duterte-xi-talked-about-chinas-actions-in-wps">"Marcos hopes Duterte, Xi talked about China's actions in WPS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnation.inquirer.net/216699/marcos-hopes-duterte-xi-talked-about-chinas-actions-in-wps">the original</a> on July 19, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Marcos+hopes+Duterte%2C+Xi+talked+about+China%27s+actions+in+WPS&rft.date=2023-07-19&rft.aulast=Lazaro&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.au=Corrales%2C+Nestor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F216699%2Fmarcos-hopes-duterte-xi-talked-about-chinas-actions-in-wps&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-436"><a href="#cite_ref-436">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230803200548/https://mirror.pco.gov.ph/news_releases/pbbm-meets-former-president-duterte-in-malacanang/">"PBBM meets former President Duterte in Malacañang"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Communications_Office" title="Presidential Communications Office">Presidential Communications Office</a>. August 3, 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mirror.pco.gov.ph/news_releases/pbbm-meets-former-president-duterte-in-malacanang/">the original</a> on August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Communications+Office&rft.atitle=PBBM+meets+former+President+Duterte+in+Malaca%C3%B1ang&rft.date=2023-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmirror.pco.gov.ph%2Fnews_releases%2Fpbbm-meets-former-president-duterte-in-malacanang%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-437"><a href="#cite_ref-437">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorella2024" class="citation news cs1">Morella, Cecil (January 28, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128063406/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/01/28/24/marcos-duterte-supporters-rally-in-philippines-as-family-rift-deepens">"Marcos, Duterte supporters rally in Philippines as family rift deepens"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/01/28/24/marcos-duterte-supporters-rally-in-philippines-as-family-rift-deepens">the original</a> on January 28, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Marcos%2C+Duterte+supporters+rally+in+Philippines+as+family+rift+deepens&rft.date=2024-01-28&rft.aulast=Morella&rft.aufirst=Cecil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F01%2F28%2F24%2Fmarcos-duterte-supporters-rally-in-philippines-as-family-rift-deepens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-438"><a href="#cite_ref-438">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeralta-Malonzo2023" class="citation news cs1">Peralta-Malonzo, Third Anne (May 19, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/arroyo-denies-coup-plot-against-romualdez">"Arroyo denies 'coup plot' against Romualdez"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20240726120705/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/arroyo-denies-coup-plot-against-romualdez">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Arroyo+denies+%27coup+plot%27+against+Romualdez&rft.date=2023-05-19&rft.aulast=Peralta-Malonzo&rft.aufirst=Third+Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fmanila%2Flocal-news%2Farroyo-denies-coup-plot-against-romualdez&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-439"><a href="#cite_ref-439">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrade2023" class="citation news cs1">Andrade, Jeannette I. (May 19, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230519003903/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1771200/sudden-demotion-pampanga-rep-gloria-arroyo-loses-senior-house-rank">"Sudden demotion: Pampanga Rep. Gloria Arroyo loses 'senior' House rank"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1771200/sudden-demotion-pampanga-rep-gloria-arroyo-loses-senior-house-rank">the original</a> on May 19, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Sudden+demotion%3A+Pampanga+Rep.+Gloria+Arroyo+loses+%27senior%27+House+rank&rft.date=2023-05-19&rft.aulast=Andrade&rft.aufirst=Jeannette+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1771200%2Fsudden-demotion-pampanga-rep-gloria-arroyo-loses-senior-house-rank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-440"><a href="#cite_ref-440">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSevillano2023" class="citation news cs1">Sevillano, Stephanie (May 19, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230519055118/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1201803">"VP Sara resigns as Lakas-CMD member"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1201803">the original</a> on May 19, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=VP+Sara+resigns+as+Lakas-CMD+member&rft.date=2023-05-19&rft.aulast=Sevillano&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1201803&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-441"><a href="#cite_ref-441">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230612145415/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/872763/sara-duterte-explains-tambaloslos-remark/story/">"Sara Duterte explains tambaloslos remark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. June 12, 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/872763/sara-duterte-explains-tambaloslos-remark/story/">the original</a> on June 12, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Sara+Duterte+explains+tambaloslos+remark&rft.date=2023-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F872763%2Fsara-duterte-explains-tambaloslos-remark%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilStar-SaraConfidentialFunds-442">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-SaraConfidentialFunds_442-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-SaraConfidentialFunds_442-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegalado2023" class="citation news cs1">Regalado, Edith (October 12, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2023/10/12/2303080/duterte-defends-sara-confidential-funds">"Duterte defends Sara on confidential funds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved October 25, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+defends+Sara+on+confidential+funds&rft.date=2023-10-12&rft.aulast=Regalado&rft.aufirst=Edith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2023%2F10%2F12%2F2303080%2Fduterte-defends-sara-confidential-funds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-443"><a href="#cite_ref-443">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCruz2023" class="citation news cs1">Cruz, RG (September 5, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230905060228/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/09/05/23/house-panel-oks-marcos-offices-budget-with-no-questions-asked">"House panel OKs Marcos office's budget with no questions asked; surveillance funds intact"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/09/05/23/house-panel-oks-marcos-offices-budget-with-no-questions-asked">the original</a> on September 5, 2023. Retrieved November 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=House+panel+OKs+Marcos+office%27s+budget+with+no+questions+asked%3B+surveillance+funds+intact&rft.date=2023-09-05&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=RG&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F09%2F05%2F23%2Fhouse-panel-oks-marcos-offices-budget-with-no-questions-asked&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-VPGivesUpFunds-444"><a href="#cite_ref-VPGivesUpFunds_444-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGascon2023" class="citation news cs1">Gascon, Melvin (November 10, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1857675/sara-gives-up-seeking-p650m-in-secret-funds">"VP Duterte gives up seeking P650M in secret funds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved January 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=VP+Duterte+gives+up+seeking+P650M+in+secret+funds&rft.date=2023-11-10&rft.aulast=Gascon&rft.aufirst=Melvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1857675%2Fsara-gives-up-seeking-p650m-in-secret-funds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-445"><a href="#cite_ref-445">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBanzuelo2023" class="citation news cs1">Banzuelo, Neil (October 11, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231012024353/https://www.bworldonline.com/the-nation/2023/10/11/551142/duterte-hits-house-after-ovp-is-stripped-of-confidential-funds/">"Duterte hits House after OVP is stripped of confidential funds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bworldonline.com/the-nation/2023/10/11/551142/duterte-hits-house-after-ovp-is-stripped-of-confidential-funds/">the original</a> on October 12, 2023. Retrieved November 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=Duterte+hits+House+after+OVP+is+stripped+of+confidential+funds&rft.date=2023-10-11&rft.aulast=Banzuelo&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Fthe-nation%2F2023%2F10%2F11%2F551142%2Fduterte-hits-house-after-ovp-is-stripped-of-confidential-funds%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-446"><a href="#cite_ref-446">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuismorio2023" class="citation news cs1">Quismorio, Ellson (November 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231124093008/https://mb.com.ph/2023/11/13/lakas-cmd-membership-in-house-continues-to-grow-at-the-expense-of-pdp-laban">"Lakas-CMD membership in House continues to grow at the expense of PDP-Laban"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2023/11/13/lakas-cmd-membership-in-house-continues-to-grow-at-the-expense-of-pdp-laban">the original</a> on November 24, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Lakas-CMD+membership+in+House+continues+to+grow+at+the+expense+of+PDP-Laban&rft.date=2023-11-14&rft.aulast=Quismorio&rft.aufirst=Ellson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2023%2F11%2F13%2Flakas-cmd-membership-in-house-continues-to-grow-at-the-expense-of-pdp-laban&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-HouseFinds-447">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-HouseFinds_447-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-HouseFinds_447-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLalu2023" class="citation news cs1">Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (October 16, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231016205137/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1846755/house-secgen-says-lawmakers-offended-considers-dutertes-tirades-a-serious-attack">"House reps find Duterte's tirades offensive, a serious attack – secretary general"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1846755/house-secgen-says-lawmakers-offended-considers-dutertes-tirades-a-serious-attack">the original</a> on October 16, 2023. Retrieved November 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=House+reps+find+Duterte%27s+tirades+offensive%2C+a+serious+attack+%E2%80%93+secretary+general&rft.date=2023-10-16&rft.aulast=Lalu&rft.aufirst=Gabriel+Pabico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1846755%2Fhouse-secgen-says-lawmakers-offended-considers-dutertes-tirades-a-serious-attack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-448"><a href="#cite_ref-448">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLLanesca_T.2023" class="citation news cs1">LLanesca T., Panti (November 6, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231107030135/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/887447/romualdez-vows-to-fight-those-who-will-malign-dictate-upon-house/story/">"Speaker vows fight vs. those who malign House; deputy tags Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/887447/romualdez-vows-to-fight-those-who-will-malign-dictate-upon-house/story/">the original</a> on November 7, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Speaker+vows+fight+vs.+those+who+malign+House%3B+deputy+tags+Duterte&rft.date=2023-11-06&rft.aulast=LLanesca+T.&rft.aufirst=Panti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F887447%2Fromualdez-vows-to-fight-those-who-will-malign-dictate-upon-house%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNNPH-MoreTectonicShifts-449">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-MoreTectonicShifts_449-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-MoreTectonicShifts_449-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalang2023" class="citation news cs1">Galang, Bamba (November 9, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231109174124/http://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2023/11/9/analyst-house-of-representatives-changes-2025-elections.html">"Political analyst: More 'tectonic shifts' seen in House as 2025 polls approach"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2023/11/9/analyst-house-of-representatives-changes-2025-elections.html">the original</a> on November 9, 2023. Retrieved November 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Political+analyst%3A+More+%27tectonic+shifts%27+seen+in+House+as+2025+polls+approach&rft.date=2023-11-09&rft.aulast=Galang&rft.aufirst=Bamba&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2023%2F11%2F9%2Fanalyst-house-of-representatives-changes-2025-elections.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-450"><a href="#cite_ref-450">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanti2023" class="citation news cs1">Panti, Llanesca T. (November 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231115195416/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/888304/7-lawmakers-from-duterte-chaired-pfp-laban-defect-to-romualdez-led-lakas-cmd/story/">"7 lawmakers from Duterte-chaired PDP-Laban defect to Romualdez-led Lakas CMD"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/888304/7-lawmakers-from-duterte-chaired-pfp-laban-defect-to-romualdez-led-lakas-cmd/story/">the original</a> on November 15, 2023. Retrieved November 25, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=7+lawmakers+from+Duterte-chaired+PDP-Laban+defect+to+Romualdez-led+Lakas+CMD&rft.date=2023-11-14&rft.aulast=Panti&rft.aufirst=Llanesca+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F888304%2F7-lawmakers-from-duterte-chaired-pfp-laban-defect-to-romualdez-led-lakas-cmd%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-451"><a href="#cite_ref-451">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuismorio2023" class="citation news cs1">Quismorio, Ellson (November 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231116152208/https://mb.com.ph/2023/11/14/duterte-party-down-to-15-house-members-solon-says-number-will-drop-further">"Duterte party down to 15 House members; solon says number will drop further"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2023/11/14/duterte-party-down-to-15-house-members-solon-says-number-will-drop-further">the original</a> on November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte+party+down+to+15+House+members%3B+solon+says+number+will+drop+further&rft.date=2023-11-14&rft.aulast=Quismorio&rft.aufirst=Ellson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2023%2F11%2F14%2Fduterte-party-down-to-15-house-members-solon-says-number-will-drop-further&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-452"><a href="#cite_ref-452">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorres-Tupas2023" class="citation news cs1">Torres-Tupas, Tetch (October 24, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1850139/criminal-complaint-vs-ex-pres-duterte#ixzz8H1GuUijt">"Rep. Castro files complaint vs ex-president Duterte over death threat"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved October 25, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Rep.+Castro+files+complaint+vs+ex-president+Duterte+over+death+threat&rft.date=2023-10-24&rft.aulast=Torres-Tupas&rft.aufirst=Tetch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1850139%2Fcriminal-complaint-vs-ex-pres-duterte%23ixzz8H1GuUijt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-453"><a href="#cite_ref-453">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240112113947/http://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2024/1/12/castro-grave-threats-complaint-vs-duterte-junked.html">"Castro's grave threats complaint vs. Duterte junked"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. January 12, 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2024/1/12/castro-grave-threats-complaint-vs-duterte-junked.html">the original</a> on January 12, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Castro%27s+grave+threats+complaint+vs.+Duterte+junked&rft.date=2024-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F1%2F12%2Fcastro-grave-threats-complaint-vs-duterte-junked.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ManilaTimes-Tops2025SenateBets-454">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ManilaTimes-Tops2025SenateBets_454-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ManilaTimes-Tops2025SenateBets_454-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendoza2023" class="citation news cs1">Mendoza, Red (June 22, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230623013221/https://www.manilatimes.net/2023/06/22/news/national/duterte-tops-2025-senate-bets-survey/1897142">"Duterte tops 2025 Senate bets survey"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2023/06/22/news/national/duterte-tops-2025-senate-bets-survey/1897142">the original</a> on June 23, 2023. Retrieved July 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Duterte+tops+2025+Senate+bets+survey&rft.date=2023-06-22&rft.aulast=Mendoza&rft.aufirst=Red&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2023%2F06%2F22%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fduterte-tops-2025-senate-bets-survey%2F1897142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PublicusAsia-Pahayag-455">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PublicusAsia-Pahayag_455-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PublicusAsia-Pahayag_455-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20231227125926/https://www.publicusasia.com/posts/press%20release/prrd-maintains-as-top-of-mind-senatorial-candidate-pahayag-survey">"PRRD maintains as top-of-mind Senatorial Candidate - PAHAYAG Survey"</a>. PUBLiCUS Asia. December 27, 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicusasia.com/posts/press%20release/prrd-maintains-as-top-of-mind-senatorial-candidate-pahayag-survey">the original</a> on December 27, 2023. Retrieved December 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PUBLiCUS+Asia&rft.atitle=PRRD+maintains+as+top-of-mind+Senatorial+Candidate+-+PAHAYAG+Survey&rft.date=2023-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicusasia.com%2Fposts%2Fpress%2520release%2Fprrd-maintains-as-top-of-mind-senatorial-candidate-pahayag-survey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-456"><a href="#cite_ref-456">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCariaso2024" class="citation news cs1">Cariaso, Bella (January 23, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240123052813/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/01/23/2327810/ntc-makes-30-day-smni-suspension-indefinite">"NTC makes 30-day SMNI suspension indefinite"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/01/23/2327810/ntc-makes-30-day-smni-suspension-indefinite">the original</a> on January 23, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=NTC+makes+30-day+SMNI+suspension+indefinite&rft.date=2024-01-23&rft.aulast=Cariaso&rft.aufirst=Bella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2024%2F01%2F23%2F2327810%2Fntc-makes-30-day-smni-suspension-indefinite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-457"><a href="#cite_ref-457">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBautista2024" class="citation news cs1">Bautista, Jane (January 31, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240131151201/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1896725/smni-asks-sc-to-stop-indefinite-suspension">"SMNI asks Supreme Court to stop indefinite suspension"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1896725/smni-asks-sc-to-stop-indefinite-suspension">the original</a> on January 31, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=SMNI+asks+Supreme+Court+to+stop+indefinite+suspension&rft.date=2024-01-31&rft.aulast=Bautista&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1896725%2Fsmni-asks-sc-to-stop-indefinite-suspension&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-458"><a href="#cite_ref-458">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarao2023" class="citation news cs1">Sarao, Zacarian (December 21, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231221151115/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1878035/ntc-suspends-smni-operations-for-30-days">"NTC suspends SMNI operations for 30 days"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1878035/ntc-suspends-smni-operations-for-30-days">the original</a> on December 21, 2023. Retrieved December 21, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=NTC+suspends+SMNI+operations+for+30+days&rft.date=2023-12-21&rft.aulast=Sarao&rft.aufirst=Zacarian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1878035%2Fntc-suspends-smni-operations-for-30-days&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-459"><a href="#cite_ref-459">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSubingsubingCruz2023" class="citation news cs1">Subingsubing, Krixia; Cruz, Marinel (December 20, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231219233810/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1877501/2-smni-shows-suspended-dutertes-gikan-included">"2 SMNI shows suspended, Duterte's 'Gikan' included"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1877501/2-smni-shows-suspended-dutertes-gikan-included">the original</a> on December 19, 2023. Retrieved December 21, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=2+SMNI+shows+suspended%2C+Duterte%27s+%27Gikan%27+included&rft.date=2023-12-20&rft.aulast=Subingsubing&rft.aufirst=Krixia&rft.au=Cruz%2C+Marinel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1877501%2F2-smni-shows-suspended-dutertes-gikan-included&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-460"><a href="#cite_ref-460">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernandez2024" class="citation news cs1">Fernandez, Rhoel (January 7, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240108011037/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/893349/ex-president-duterte-wishes-to-talk-to-president-marcos-jr-indirectly-over-smni-probe/story/">"Ex-President Duterte wishes to talk to President Marcos Jr 'indirectly' over SMNI probe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/893349/ex-president-duterte-wishes-to-talk-to-president-marcos-jr-indirectly-over-smni-probe/story/">the original</a> on January 8, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Ex-President+Duterte+wishes+to+talk+to+President+Marcos+Jr+%27indirectly%27+over+SMNI+probe&rft.date=2024-01-07&rft.aulast=Fernandez&rft.aufirst=Rhoel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F893349%2Fex-president-duterte-wishes-to-talk-to-president-marcos-jr-indirectly-over-smni-probe%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-461"><a href="#cite_ref-461">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ju_5WtMolQ4">"Pagsuspinde sa 'Gikan sa Masa, Para sa Masa', matinding paglabag sa constitutional rights −FPRRD"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> (in Filipino and English). <a href="/wiki/DZAR" title="DZAR">DZAR 1026</a>. 1:50–2:16. Retrieved December 21, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Pagsuspinde+sa+%27Gikan+sa+Masa%2C+Para+sa+Masa%27%2C+matinding+paglabag+sa+constitutional+rights+%E2%88%92FPRRD&rft.pages=1%3A50-2%3A16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DJu_5WtMolQ4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-462"><a href="#cite_ref-462">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBautista2024" class="citation news cs1">Bautista, Nillicent (February 24, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240726140104/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/02/24/2335789/de-lima-marcos-administration-breathing-room-dutertes-authoritarian-regime">"De Lima: Marcos administration 'breathing room' from Duterte's 'authoritarian regime'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/02/24/2335789/de-lima-marcos-administration-breathing-room-dutertes-authoritarian-regime">the original</a> on July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=De+Lima%3A+Marcos+administration+%27breathing+room%27+from+Duterte%27s+%27authoritarian+regime%27&rft.date=2024-02-24&rft.aulast=Bautista&rft.aufirst=Nillicent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2024%2F02%2F24%2F2335789%2Fde-lima-marcos-administration-breathing-room-dutertes-authoritarian-regime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-463"><a href="#cite_ref-463">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorres-Tupas2024" class="citation news cs1">Torres-Tupas, Tech (July 5, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1958217/trillanes-on-duterte">"Trillanes files plunder, graft raps vs ex-President Duterte, Bong Go"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved July 5, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Trillanes+files+plunder%2C+graft+raps+vs+ex-President+Duterte%2C+Bong+Go&rft.date=2024-07-05&rft.aulast=Torres-Tupas&rft.aufirst=Tech&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1958217%2Ftrillanes-on-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-464"><a href="#cite_ref-464">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCervantes2023" class="citation news cs1">Cervantes, Filane Mikee (November 23, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231123141816/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1214266">"House tackling ICC resolution just 'a matter of course'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1214266">the original</a> on November 23, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=House+tackling+ICC+resolution+just+%27a+matter+of+course%27&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft.aulast=Cervantes&rft.aufirst=Filane+Mikee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1214266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-465"><a href="#cite_ref-465">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLalu2023" class="citation news cs1">Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (November 22, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231124090323/https://globalnation.inquirer.net/223182/lagman-on-reso-urging-ph-cooperation-with-icc-were-not-putting-anyone-on-trial">"Lagman on reso urging PH cooperation with ICC: We're not putting anyone on trial"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnation.inquirer.net/223182/lagman-on-reso-urging-ph-cooperation-with-icc-were-not-putting-anyone-on-trial">the original</a> on November 24, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Lagman+on+reso+urging+PH+cooperation+with+ICC%3A+We%27re+not+putting+anyone+on+trial&rft.date=2023-11-22&rft.aulast=Lalu&rft.aufirst=Gabriel+Pabico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2F223182%2Flagman-on-reso-urging-ph-cooperation-with-icc-were-not-putting-anyone-on-trial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-466"><a href="#cite_ref-466">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvez2023" class="citation news cs1">Galvez, Daphne (November 24, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.onenews.ph/articles/remulla-to-ask-palace-if-phl-is-rejoining-icc">"Remulla To Ask Palace If Phl Is Rejoining ICC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/One_News_(TV_channel)" title="One News (TV channel)">One News</a>. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=One+News&rft.atitle=Remulla+To+Ask+Palace+If+Phl+Is+Rejoining+ICC&rft.date=2023-11-24&rft.aulast=Galvez&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.onenews.ph%2Farticles%2Fremulla-to-ask-palace-if-phl-is-rejoining-icc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-467"><a href="#cite_ref-467">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorres-Tupas2024" class="citation news cs1">Torres-Tupas, Tetch (May 7, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240507150625/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1937985/trillanes-icc-expected-to-issue-warrant-vs-duterte-by-june-or-july">"Trillanes: ICC expected to issue arrest warrant vs Duterte by June or July"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1937985/trillanes-icc-expected-to-issue-warrant-vs-duterte-by-june-or-july#:~:text=Trillanes%3A%20ICC%20expected%20to%20issue,Duterte%20by%20June%20or%20July&text=MANILA%20CITY%2C%20Philippines%20%E2%80%94%20The%20International,Antonio%20Trillanes%20IV%20said%20Tuesday.">the original</a> on May 7, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Trillanes%3A+ICC+expected+to+issue+arrest+warrant+vs+Duterte+by+June+or+July&rft.date=2024-05-07&rft.aulast=Torres-Tupas&rft.aufirst=Tetch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1937985%2Ftrillanes-icc-expected-to-issue-warrant-vs-duterte-by-june-or-july%23%3A~%3Atext%3DTrillanes%253A%2520ICC%2520expected%2520to%2520issue%2CDuterte%2520by%2520June%2520or%2520July%26text%3DMANILA%2520CITY%252C%2520Philippines%2520%25E2%2580%2594%2520The%2520International%2CAntonio%2520Trillanes%2520IV%2520said%2520Tuesday.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-468"><a href="#cite_ref-468">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobles2024" class="citation news cs1">Robles, Alan (May 1, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240501024548/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3260980/probe-duterte-over-south-china-sea-pact-xi-jinping-seen-possible-political-payback">"South China Sea: probe into Duterte-Xi pact sparks rumours of political payback"</a>. <a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3260980/probe-duterte-over-south-china-sea-pact-xi-jinping-seen-possible-political-payback">the original</a> on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=South+China+Sea%3A+probe+into+Duterte-Xi+pact+sparks+rumours+of+political+payback&rft.date=2024-05-01&rft.aulast=Robles&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fweek-asia%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F3260980%2Fprobe-duterte-over-south-china-sea-pact-xi-jinping-seen-possible-political-payback&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-469"><a href="#cite_ref-469">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240726142947/https://politiko.com.ph/2024/02/25/marcos-ex-es-vic-rodriguez-in-cebu-for-rody-duterte-led-prayer-rally/politiko-lokal/">"Marcos' ex-ES Vic Rodriguez in Cebu for Rody Duterte-led prayer rally"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politiko_(website)" title="Politiko (website)">Politiko</a>. February 25, 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politiko.com.ph/2024/02/25/marcos-ex-es-vic-rodriguez-in-cebu-for-rody-duterte-led-prayer-rally/politiko-lokal/">the original</a> on July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politiko&rft.atitle=Marcos%27+ex-ES+Vic+Rodriguez+in+Cebu+for+Rody+Duterte-led+prayer+rally&rft.date=2024-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpolitiko.com.ph%2F2024%2F02%2F25%2Fmarcos-ex-es-vic-rodriguez-in-cebu-for-rody-duterte-led-prayer-rally%2Fpolitiko-lokal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-470"><a href="#cite_ref-470">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbarca2023" class="citation news cs1">Abarca, Charie (November 8, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231108074738/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1856783/imee-marcos-to-back-rodrigo-duterte-even-if-im-the-only-one-left">"Imee Marcos to back Rodrigo Duterte '…even if I'm the only one left'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1856783/imee-marcos-to-back-rodrigo-duterte-even-if-im-the-only-one-left">the original</a> on November 8, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Imee+Marcos+to+back+Rodrigo+Duterte+%27%E2%80%A6even+if+I%27m+the+only+one+left%27&rft.date=2023-11-08&rft.aulast=Abarca&rft.aufirst=Charie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1856783%2Fimee-marcos-to-back-rodrigo-duterte-even-if-im-the-only-one-left&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilStar-PropertyAdmin-471">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-PropertyAdmin_471-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-PropertyAdmin_471-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PhilStar-PropertyAdmin_471-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuelto2024" class="citation news cs1">Suelto, Diana Lhyd (March 9, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240308203656/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/03/09/2339252/duterte-named-quiboloy-group-property-administrator">"Duterte named Quiboloy group property administrator"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/03/09/2339252/duterte-named-quiboloy-group-property-administrator">the original</a> on March 8, 2024. Retrieved March 9, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+named+Quiboloy+group+property+administrator&rft.date=2024-03-09&rft.aulast=Suelto&rft.aufirst=Diana+Lhyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2024%2F03%2F09%2F2339252%2Fduterte-named-quiboloy-group-property-administrator&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-472"><a href="#cite_ref-472">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPulta2024" class="citation news cs1">Pulta, Benjamin (March 8, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1220374">"No extradition request yet for Quiboloy – DOJ"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20240726140728/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1220374">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=No+extradition+request+yet+for+Quiboloy+%E2%80%93+DOJ&rft.date=2024-03-08&rft.aulast=Pulta&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1220374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-473"><a href="#cite_ref-473">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbarca2024" class="citation news cs1">Abarca, Charie (January 23, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240123045109/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1892769/senate-starts-probe-on-alleged-offenses-of-quiboloy-church">"Senate probes Quiboloy, church offenses"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1892769/senate-starts-probe-on-alleged-offenses-of-quiboloy-church">the original</a> on January 23, 2024. Retrieved July 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Senate+probes+Quiboloy%2C+church+offenses&rft.date=2024-01-23&rft.aulast=Abarca&rft.aufirst=Charie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1892769%2Fsenate-starts-probe-on-alleged-offenses-of-quiboloy-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-474"><a href="#cite_ref-474">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarnerOliquinoAlcober2024" class="citation news cs1">Garner, Jom; Oliquino, Edjen; Alcober, Neil (March 13, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240727103830/https://tribune.net.ph/2024/03/12/quiboloy-didnt-make-demands-lawyer-says">"Quiboloy didn't make demands, lawyer says"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Daily_Tribune_(Philippines)" title="Daily Tribune (Philippines)">Daily Tribune</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.net.ph/2024/03/12/quiboloy-didnt-make-demands-lawyer-says">the original</a> on July 27, 2024. Retrieved July 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Tribune&rft.atitle=Quiboloy+didn%27t+make+demands%2C+lawyer+says&rft.date=2024-03-13&rft.aulast=Garner&rft.aufirst=Jom&rft.au=Oliquino%2C+Edjen&rft.au=Alcober%2C+Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.net.ph%2F2024%2F03%2F12%2Fquiboloy-didnt-make-demands-lawyer-says&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-475"><a href="#cite_ref-475">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbarca2024" class="citation news cs1">Abarca, Charie (March 11, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240727104630/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1917002/hontiveros-on-quiboloy-conditions">"Hontiveros finds 'Quiboloy conditions' absurd"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1917002/hontiveros-on-quiboloy-conditions">the original</a> on July 27, 2024. Retrieved July 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Hontiveros+finds+%27Quiboloy+conditions%27+absurd&rft.date=2024-03-11&rft.aulast=Abarca&rft.aufirst=Charie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1917002%2Fhontiveros-on-quiboloy-conditions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-476"><a href="#cite_ref-476">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGascon2024" class="citation news cs1">Gascon, Melvin (April 9, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240409104547/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1927763/marcos-sneers-at-fugitive-quiboloys-demands">"Marcos sneers at fugitive Quiboloy's demands"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1927763/marcos-sneers-at-fugitive-quiboloys-demands">the original</a> on April 9, 2024. Retrieved July 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Marcos+sneers+at+fugitive+Quiboloy%27s+demands&rft.date=2024-04-09&rft.aulast=Gascon&rft.aufirst=Melvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1927763%2Fmarcos-sneers-at-fugitive-quiboloys-demands&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-477"><a href="#cite_ref-477">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosauro2024" class="citation news cs1">Rosauro, Ryan D. (February 21, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240609044305/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1907695/quiboloy-admits-he-is-in-hiding-alleges-kill-plot-vs-him">"Quiboloy admits he is in hiding amid kill plot"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1907695/quiboloy-admits-he-is-in-hiding-alleges-kill-plot-vs-him">the original</a> on June 9, 2024. Retrieved July 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Quiboloy+admits+he+is+in+hiding+amid+kill+plot&rft.date=2024-02-21&rft.aulast=Rosauro&rft.aufirst=Ryan+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1907695%2Fquiboloy-admits-he-is-in-hiding-alleges-kill-plot-vs-him&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-478"><a href="#cite_ref-478">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeralta-Malonzo2024" class="citation news cs1">Peralta-Malonzo, Third Anne (March 5, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240305065804/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/senate-panel-cites-quiboloy-in-contempt">"Senate panel cites Quiboloy in contempt"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/senate-panel-cites-quiboloy-in-contempt">the original</a> on March 5, 2024. Retrieved March 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Senate+panel+cites+Quiboloy+in+contempt&rft.date=2024-03-05&rft.aulast=Peralta-Malonzo&rft.aufirst=Third+Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fmanila%2Fsenate-panel-cites-quiboloy-in-contempt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-479"><a href="#cite_ref-479">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorres-Tupas2024" class="citation news cs1">Torres-Tupas, Tetch (April 11, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1928832/quiboloy-arrest-ordered-for-qualified-human-trafficking">"Quiboloy arrest ordered, this time for qualified human smuggling"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved April 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Quiboloy+arrest+ordered%2C+this+time+for+qualified+human+smuggling&rft.date=2024-04-11&rft.aulast=Torres-Tupas&rft.aufirst=Tetch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1928832%2Fquiboloy-arrest-ordered-for-qualified-human-trafficking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-480"><a href="#cite_ref-480">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeralta-Malonzo2024" class="citation news cs1">Peralta-Malonzo, Third Anne (March 7, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/ejercito-withdraws-signature-from-letter-opposing-quiboloys-arrest">"Ejercito withdraws signature from letter opposing Quiboloy's arrest"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Retrieved March 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Ejercito+withdraws+signature+from+letter+opposing+Quiboloy%27s+arrest&rft.date=2024-03-07&rft.aulast=Peralta-Malonzo&rft.aufirst=Third+Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fmanila%2Fejercito-withdraws-signature-from-letter-opposing-quiboloys-arrest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-481"><a href="#cite_ref-481">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacorte2024" class="citation news cs1">Lacorte, Germelina (June 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1950039/polices-latest-attempt-to-arrest-quiboloy-in-3-of-his-properties-fails">"Arresting cops visit 3 Quiboloy properties but can't find him"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved June 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Arresting+cops+visit+3+Quiboloy+properties+but+can%27t+find+him&rft.date=2024-06-10&rft.aulast=Lacorte&rft.aufirst=Germelina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1950039%2Fpolices-latest-attempt-to-arrest-quiboloy-in-3-of-his-properties-fails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-482"><a href="#cite_ref-482">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaroña2024" class="citation news cs1">Baroña, Franco Jose (June 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2024/06/10/news/police-serve-arrest-warrant-vs-quiboloy/1950789">"Police serve arrest warrant vs Quiboloy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. Retrieved June 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Police+serve+arrest+warrant+vs+Quiboloy&rft.date=2024-06-10&rft.aulast=Baro%C3%B1a&rft.aufirst=Franco+Jose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2024%2F06%2F10%2Fnews%2Fpolice-serve-arrest-warrant-vs-quiboloy%2F1950789&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-483"><a href="#cite_ref-483">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorras2024" class="citation news cs1">Porras, Karl Bryan (June 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610070612/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/police-raids-fail-to-arrest-pastor-quibology-at-kojc-compounds">"Police raids fail to arrest Pastor Quiboloy at KOJC compounds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/police-raids-fail-to-arrest-pastor-quibology-at-kojc-compounds">the original</a> on June 10, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Police+raids+fail+to+arrest+Pastor+Quiboloy+at+KOJC+compounds&rft.date=2024-06-10&rft.aulast=Porras&rft.aufirst=Karl+Bryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Fpolice-raids-fail-to-arrest-pastor-quibology-at-kojc-compounds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-484"><a href="#cite_ref-484">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArgosino2024" class="citation news cs1">Argosino, Faith (June 11, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240611141026/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1950502/excessive-unnecessary-force-used-in-bid-to-get-quiboloy-ex-pres-duterte">"'Excessive, unnecessary force' used in bid to get Quiboloy – Ex-Pres. Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1950502/excessive-unnecessary-force-used-in-bid-to-get-quiboloy-ex-pres-duterte#ixzz8cpbITUUt">the original</a> on June 11, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=%27Excessive%2C+unnecessary+force%27+used+in+bid+to+get+Quiboloy+%E2%80%93+Ex-Pres.+Duterte&rft.date=2024-06-11&rft.aulast=Argosino&rft.aufirst=Faith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1950502%2Fexcessive-unnecessary-force-used-in-bid-to-get-quiboloy-ex-pres-duterte%23ixzz8cpbITUUt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-485"><a href="#cite_ref-485">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBordey2024" class="citation news cs1">Bordey, Hana (June 18, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240619013749/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/910402/quiboloy-pnp-search-senate-probe/story/">"Senate probe on PNP's 'excessive use of force' in serving warrants vs. Quiboloy sought"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/910402/quiboloy-pnp-search-senate-probe/story/">the original</a> on June 19, 2024. Retrieved June 19, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Senate+probe+on+PNP%27s+%27excessive+use+of+force%27+in+serving+warrants+vs.+Quiboloy+sought&rft.date=2024-06-18&rft.aulast=Bordey&rft.aufirst=Hana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F910402%2Fquiboloy-pnp-search-senate-probe%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-486"><a href="#cite_ref-486">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2024" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Pat C. (March 4, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240726150419/https://tribune.net.ph/2024/03/04/kjc-demands-justice-for-leader-at-liwasang-bonifacio-prayer-rally">"KJC demands justice for leader at Liwasang Bonifacio prayer rally"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Daily_Tribune_(Philippines)" title="Daily Tribune (Philippines)">Daily Tribune</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.net.ph/2024/03/04/kjc-demands-justice-for-leader-at-liwasang-bonifacio-prayer-rally">the original</a> on July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Tribune&rft.atitle=KJC+demands+justice+for+leader+at+Liwasang+Bonifacio+prayer+rally&rft.date=2024-03-04&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Pat+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.net.ph%2F2024%2F03%2F04%2Fkjc-demands-justice-for-leader-at-liwasang-bonifacio-prayer-rally&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-487"><a href="#cite_ref-487">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGomez2024" class="citation news cs1">Gomez, Carla (May 7, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240507184805/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1938087/former-president-duterte-attends-dumaguete-prayer-peace-rally">"Former president Duterte attends Dumaguete prayer, peace rally"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1938087/former-president-duterte-attends-dumaguete-prayer-peace-rally">the original</a> on May 7, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Former+president+Duterte+attends+Dumaguete+prayer%2C+peace+rally&rft.date=2024-05-07&rft.aulast=Gomez&rft.aufirst=Carla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1938087%2Fformer-president-duterte-attends-dumaguete-prayer-peace-rally&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SunStar-MaisugTagum-488">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SunStar-MaisugTagum_488-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SunStar-MaisugTagum_488-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisquete2024" class="citation news cs1">Francisquete, David Ezra M. (April 16, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240416065528/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/thousands-attend-maisug-prayer-rally-in-tagum">"Thousands attend Maisug prayer rally in Tagum"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/thousands-attend-maisug-prayer-rally-in-tagum">the original</a> on April 16, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Thousands+attend+Maisug+prayer+rally+in+Tagum&rft.date=2024-04-16&rft.aulast=Francisquete&rft.aufirst=David+Ezra+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Fthousands-attend-maisug-prayer-rally-in-tagum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-489"><a href="#cite_ref-489">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChagas2024" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2">Chagas, Bombo Angie Villones (June 20, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240702134402/https://davao.bomboradyo.com/fprrd-giklaro-nga-di-pagguba-sa-gobyerno-ang-rason-sa-pagpahigayon-og-hakbang-ng-maisug-rally/">"FPRRD giklaro nga di pagguba sa gobyerno ang rason sa pagpahigayon og Hakbang ng Maisug Rally"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bombo_Radyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombo Radyo">Bombo Radyo</a> Davao (in Cebuano). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://davao.bomboradyo.com/fprrd-giklaro-nga-di-pagguba-sa-gobyerno-ang-rason-sa-pagpahigayon-og-hakbang-ng-maisug-rally/">the original</a> on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bombo+Radyo+Davao&rft.atitle=FPRRD+giklaro+nga+di+pagguba+sa+gobyerno+ang+rason+sa+pagpahigayon+og+Hakbang+ng+Maisug+Rally&rft.date=2024-06-20&rft.aulast=Chagas&rft.aufirst=Bombo+Angie+Villones&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdavao.bomboradyo.com%2Ffprrd-giklaro-nga-di-pagguba-sa-gobyerno-ang-rason-sa-pagpahigayon-og-hakbang-ng-maisug-rally%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-490"><a href="#cite_ref-490">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLalu2024" class="citation news cs1">Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (April 16, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240417015409/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1930256/alvarez-says-marcos-support-withdrawal-call-is-not-seditious">"Alvarez says Marcos support withdrawal call is not seditious"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1930256/alvarez-says-marcos-support-withdrawal-call-is-not-seditious">the original</a> on April 17, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Alvarez+says+Marcos+support+withdrawal+call+is+not+seditious&rft.date=2024-04-16&rft.aulast=Lalu&rft.aufirst=Gabriel+Pabico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1930256%2Falvarez-says-marcos-support-withdrawal-call-is-not-seditious&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MB-GovtLimited-491">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MB-GovtLimited_491-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MB-GovtLimited_491-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MB-GovtLimited_491-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTejano2024" class="citation news cs1">Tejano, Ivy (July 2, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240702135137/https://mb.com.ph/2024/7/2/duterte-gov-t-limited-freedom-of-speech-in-maisug-prayer-rallies">"Duterte: Gov't limited freedom of speech in Maisug prayer-rallies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2024/7/2/duterte-gov-t-limited-freedom-of-speech-in-maisug-prayer-rallies">the original</a> on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+Gov%27t+limited+freedom+of+speech+in+Maisug+prayer-rallies&rft.date=2024-07-02&rft.aulast=Tejano&rft.aufirst=Ivy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2024%2F7%2F2%2Fduterte-gov-t-limited-freedom-of-speech-in-maisug-prayer-rallies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rappler-492">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rappler_492-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rappler_492-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Leon2024" class="citation news cs1">De Leon, Dwight (January 29, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/marcos-blames-duterte-fentanyl-use-tirades-accusations/">"Tit for tat: Marcos blames Duterte's use of fentanyl for foul-mouthed tirade"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Retrieved January 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Tit+for+tat%3A+Marcos+blames+Duterte%27s+use+of+fentanyl+for+foul-mouthed+tirade&rft.date=2024-01-29&rft.aulast=De+Leon&rft.aufirst=Dwight&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2Fmarcos-blames-duterte-fentanyl-use-tirades-accusations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-493"><a href="#cite_ref-493">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlivio2024" class="citation news cs1">Alivio, Cristina E. (February 2, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240202093721/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/fprrd-eyes-to-revive-mindanao-initiative">"FPRRD eyes to revive 'Mindanao initiative'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/fprrd-eyes-to-revive-mindanao-initiative">the original</a> on February 2, 2024. Retrieved February 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=FPRRD+eyes+to+revive+%27Mindanao+initiative%27&rft.date=2024-02-02&rft.aulast=Alivio&rft.aufirst=Cristina+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Ffprrd-eyes-to-revive-mindanao-initiative&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-494"><a href="#cite_ref-494">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240131024535/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/895927/duterte-bares-signature-based-plan-for-separate-mindanao/story/">"Duterte bares signature-based plan for separate Mindanao"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. January 31, 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/895927/duterte-bares-signature-based-plan-for-separate-mindanao/story/">the original</a> on January 31, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Duterte+bares+signature-based+plan+for+separate+Mindanao&rft.date=2024-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F895927%2Fduterte-bares-signature-based-plan-for-separate-mindanao%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-495"><a href="#cite_ref-495">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorresCruz2024" class="citation news cs1">Torres, Sherrie Ann; Cruz, RG (January 31, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/2024/1/31/senators-frown-at-duterte-s-plan-to-secede-mindanao-from-ph-1312">"Senators frown at Duterte's 'plan' to 'secede' Mindanao from PH"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN" title="ABS-CBN">ABS-CBN</a>. Retrieved January 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN&rft.atitle=Senators+frown+at+Duterte%27s+%27plan%27+to+%27secede%27+Mindanao+from+PH&rft.date=2024-01-31&rft.aulast=Torres&rft.aufirst=Sherrie+Ann&rft.au=Cruz%2C+RG&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F1%2F31%2Fsenators-frown-at-duterte-s-plan-to-secede-mindanao-from-ph-1312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-496"><a href="#cite_ref-496">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosauroAning2024" class="citation news cs1">Rosauro, Ryan D.; Aning, Jerome (February 2, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240203194934/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1898045/lawmakers-ex-muslim-rebels-reject-duterte-call-for-secession">"Lawmakers, ex-Muslim rebels reject Duterte call for secession"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1898045/lawmakers-ex-muslim-rebels-reject-duterte-call-for-secession">the original</a> on February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Lawmakers%2C+ex-Muslim+rebels+reject+Duterte+call+for+secession&rft.date=2024-02-02&rft.aulast=Rosauro&rft.aufirst=Ryan+D.&rft.au=Aning%2C+Jerome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1898045%2Flawmakers-ex-muslim-rebels-reject-duterte-call-for-secession&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-497"><a href="#cite_ref-497">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/mindanao/duterte-joke-independence/">"Mindanao independence: Duterte's 'joke' that just didn't fly"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. February 28, 2024. Retrieved March 1, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Mindanao+independence%3A+Duterte%27s+%27joke%27+that+just+didn%27t+fly&rft.date=2024-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2Fmindanao%2Fduterte-joke-independence%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-498"><a href="#cite_ref-498">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisquete2024" class="citation news cs1">Francisquete, David Ezra M. (April 30, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240430064424/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/mayor-baste-dismayed-over-maisug-rally-cancellation-in-bulacan">"Mayor Baste dismayed over Maisug rally cancellation in Bulacan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/mayor-baste-dismayed-over-maisug-rally-cancellation-in-bulacan">the original</a> on April 30, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Mayor+Baste+dismayed+over+Maisug+rally+cancellation+in+Bulacan&rft.date=2024-04-30&rft.aulast=Francisquete&rft.aufirst=David+Ezra+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Fmayor-baste-dismayed-over-maisug-rally-cancellation-in-bulacan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inquirer-SlamsDeliberate-499"><a href="#cite_ref-Inquirer-SlamsDeliberate_499-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabieta2024" class="citation news cs1">Gabieta, Joey (May 27, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240526212307/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1945128/duterte-slams-deliberate-efforts-to-stop-maisug-rally-in-tacloban">"Duterte slams 'deliberate' efforts to stop 'Maisug' rally in Tacloban"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1945128/duterte-slams-deliberate-efforts-to-stop-maisug-rally-in-tacloban">the original</a> on May 26, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+slams+%27deliberate%27+efforts+to+stop+%27Maisug%27+rally+in+Tacloban&rft.date=2024-05-27&rft.aulast=Gabieta&rft.aufirst=Joey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1945128%2Fduterte-slams-deliberate-efforts-to-stop-maisug-rally-in-tacloban&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-500"><a href="#cite_ref-500">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLlemit2024" class="citation news cs1">Llemit, Ralph Lawrence G. (April 16, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240416200751/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/fprrd-tells-pbbm-be-happy-and-satisfied-with-your-6-year-term">"FPRRD tells PBBM: Be happy and satisfied with your 6-year term"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/fprrd-tells-pbbm-be-happy-and-satisfied-with-your-6-year-term">the original</a> on April 16, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=FPRRD+tells+PBBM%3A+Be+happy+and+satisfied+with+your+6-year+term&rft.date=2024-04-16&rft.aulast=Llemit&rft.aufirst=Ralph+Lawrence+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Ffprrd-tells-pbbm-be-happy-and-satisfied-with-your-6-year-term&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-501"><a href="#cite_ref-501">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/2024/10/5/former-president-duterte-to-run-for-davao-city-mayor-anew-2223">"Former president Duterte to run for Davao City mayor anew"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. October 5, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Former+president+Duterte+to+run+for+Davao+City+mayor+anew&rft.date=2024-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F10%2F5%2Fformer-president-duterte-to-run-for-davao-city-mayor-anew-2223&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-502"><a href="#cite_ref-502">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/regions/922853/rodrigo-duterte-files-coc-for-mayor-of-davao-city/story/">"Rodrigo Duterte files COC for mayor of Davao City"</a>. GMA Integrated News. October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte+files+COC+for+mayor+of+Davao+City&rft.date=2024-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fregions%2F922853%2Frodrigo-duterte-files-coc-for-mayor-of-davao-city%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-503"><a href="#cite_ref-503">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTocmo2024" class="citation news cs1">Tocmo, Hernel (November 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241113171319/https://news.abs-cbn.com/regions/2024/11/10/despite-running-for-davao-city-mayor-ex-pres-duterte-says-he-is-retired-1656">"Despite running for Davao City mayor, ex-pres. Duterte says he is 'retired'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/regions/2024/11/10/despite-running-for-davao-city-mayor-ex-pres-duterte-says-he-is-retired-1656">the original</a> on November 13, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Despite+running+for+Davao+City+mayor%2C+ex-pres.+Duterte+says+he+is+%27retired%27&rft.date=2024-11-10&rft.aulast=Tocmo&rft.aufirst=Hernel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fregions%2F2024%2F11%2F10%2Fdespite-running-for-davao-city-mayor-ex-pres-duterte-says-he-is-retired-1656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-504"><a href="#cite_ref-504">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOmbay2024" class="citation news cs1">Ombay, Giselle (October 28, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/925144/duterte-responsibility-drug-war/story/">"Ex-Pres. Duterte: I take full, legal responsibility for drug war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241029121053/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/925144/duterte-responsibility-drug-war/story/">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2024. Retrieved October 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Ex-Pres.+Duterte%3A+I+take+full%2C+legal+responsibility+for+drug+war&rft.date=2024-10-28&rft.aulast=Ombay&rft.aufirst=Giselle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F925144%2Fduterte-responsibility-drug-war%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-505"><a href="#cite_ref-505">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFelipe2024" class="citation news cs1">Felipe, Cecille Suerte (October 17, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/10/17/2393133/bato-sets-senate-inquiry-duterte-be-invited">"Bato sets Senate inquiry; Duterte to be invited"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241029131057/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/10/17/2393133/bato-sets-senate-inquiry-duterte-be-invited">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2024. Retrieved October 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Bato+sets+Senate+inquiry%3B+Duterte+to+be+invited&rft.date=2024-10-17&rft.aulast=Felipe&rft.aufirst=Cecille+Suerte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2024%2F10%2F17%2F2393133%2Fbato-sets-senate-inquiry-duterte-be-invited&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-506"><a href="#cite_ref-506">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBordey2024" class="citation news cs1">Bordey, Hana (October 14, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/923634/bong-go-senate-probe-war-on-drugs/story/">"Bong Go eyes parallel Senate probe into war on drugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241029131002/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/923634/bong-go-senate-probe-war-on-drugs/story/">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2024. Retrieved October 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Bong+Go+eyes+parallel+Senate+probe+into+war+on+drugs&rft.date=2024-10-14&rft.aulast=Bordey&rft.aufirst=Hana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F923634%2Fbong-go-senate-probe-war-on-drugs%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WashingtonTimes-2024-507">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WashingtonTimes-2024_507-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WashingtonTimes-2024_507-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2024/oct/28/philippine-ex-president-rodrigo-duterte-says-kept-/">"Philippine ex-President Duterte says he kept a 'death squad' as mayor to kill criminals"</a>. Washington Times. October 28, 2024. Retrieved October 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Times&rft.atitle=Philippine+ex-President+Duterte+says+he+kept+a+%27death+squad%27+as+mayor+to+kill+criminals&rft.date=2024-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtontimes.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2Foct%2F28%2Fphilippine-ex-president-rodrigo-duterte-says-kept-%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-508"><a href="#cite_ref-508">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://efe.com/en/latest-news/2024-10-28/i-did-what-i-had-to-do-duterte-tells-senate-committee-probing-his-war-on-drugs/">"'I did what I had to do': Duterte tells Senate committee probing his war on drugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agencia_EFE" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia EFE">EFE Noticias</a>. October 29, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241029131020/https://efe.com/en/latest-news/2024-10-28/i-did-what-i-had-to-do-duterte-tells-senate-committee-probing-his-war-on-drugs/">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2024. Retrieved October 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EFE+Noticias&rft.atitle=%27I+did+what+I+had+to+do%27%3A+Duterte+tells+Senate+committee+probing+his+war+on+drugs&rft.date=2024-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fefe.com%2Fen%2Flatest-news%2F2024-10-28%2Fi-did-what-i-had-to-do-duterte-tells-senate-committee-probing-his-war-on-drugs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-509"><a href="#cite_ref-509">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLema2024" class="citation news cs1">Lema, Karen (November 13, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/ex-philippine-president-duterte-says-icc-should-hurry-up-drug-war-investigation-2024-11-13/">"Philippines says obliged to comply if Interpol seeks ex-president Duterte's arrest"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Retrieved November 13, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippines+says+obliged+to+comply+if+Interpol+seeks+ex-president+Duterte%27s+arrest&rft.date=2024-11-13&rft.aulast=Lema&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fasia-pacific%2Fex-philippine-president-duterte-says-icc-should-hurry-up-drug-war-investigation-2024-11-13%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-510"><a href="#cite_ref-510">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFServallos2024" class="citation news cs1">Servallos, Neil Jayson (December 26, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/12/26/2409893/duterte-join-saras-legal-team-vs-impeachment">"Duterte to join Sara's legal team vs impeachment"</a>. The Philippine Star. Retrieved February 5, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+to+join+Sara%27s+legal+team+vs+impeachment&rft.date=2024-12-26&rft.aulast=Servallos&rft.aufirst=Neil+Jayson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2024%2F12%2F26%2F2409893%2Fduterte-join-saras-legal-team-vs-impeachment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-511"><a href="#cite_ref-511">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuyag2017" class="citation news cs1">Luyag, Margaret Claire (October 28, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/showbiz/chikaminute/631207/hello-mga-ka-dds-steven-seagal-lauds-duterte-s-fight-vs-terrorism-drugs/story/">"'Hello, mga ka-DDS': Steven Seagal lauds Duterte's fight vs. terrorism, drugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Retrieved November 12, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=%27Hello%2C+mga+ka-DDS%27%3A+Steven+Seagal+lauds+Duterte%27s+fight+vs.+terrorism%2C+drugs&rft.date=2017-10-28&rft.aulast=Luyag&rft.aufirst=Margaret+Claire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fshowbiz%2Fchikaminute%2F631207%2Fhello-mga-ka-dds-steven-seagal-lauds-duterte-s-fight-vs-terrorism-drugs%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-512"><a href="#cite_ref-512">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBayoran2016" class="citation news cs1">Bayoran, Gilbert (September 17, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/17/1624574/alvarez-dds-diehard-duterte-supporter">"Alvarez a 'DDS' – Diehard Duterte Supporter"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved November 12, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Alvarez+a+%27DDS%27+%E2%80%93+Diehard+Duterte+Supporter&rft.date=2016-09-17&rft.aulast=Bayoran&rft.aufirst=Gilbert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F09%2F17%2F1624574%2Falvarez-dds-diehard-duterte-supporter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vox-513">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vox_513-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vox_513-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2017" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Ana (May 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/world/2017/2/28/14727614/rodrigo-duterte-philippines-drug-dealer-obama-trump-catholic-church">"Rodrigo Duterte's drug war has killed thousands. Trump just invited him to the White House"</a>. Vox. Retrieved November 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vox&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte%27s+drug+war+has+killed+thousands.+Trump+just+invited+him+to+the+White+House.&rft.date=2017-05-01&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Ana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2F2%2F28%2F14727614%2Frodrigo-duterte-philippines-drug-dealer-obama-trump-catholic-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-514"><a href="#cite_ref-514">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.abs-cbn.com/overseas/11/10/16/duterte-trump-brexit-populist-surge-worldwide">"Duterte, Trump, 'Brexit': Populist surge worldwide"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Agence France-Presse. November 10, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte%2C+Trump%2C+%27Brexit%27%3A+Populist+surge+worldwide&rft.date=2017-11-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Foverseas%2F11%2F10%2F16%2Fduterte-trump-brexit-populist-surge-worldwide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-515"><a href="#cite_ref-515">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAurelio" class="citation news cs1">Aurelio, Julie M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/842031/bishop-signs-online-petition-seeking-intl-court-probe">"Bishop signs online petition seeking int'l court probe"</a>. Retrieved August 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Bishop+signs+online+petition+seeking+int%27l+court+probe&rft.aulast=Aurelio&rft.aufirst=Julie+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F842031%2Fbishop-signs-online-petition-seeking-intl-court-probe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-516"><a href="#cite_ref-516">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180901113220/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/08/31/Roque-liberal-sense-of-humor.html">"Roque defends Duterte's rape remark: 'It's more liberal in the South'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/08/31/Roque-liberal-sense-of-humor.html">the original</a> on September 1, 2018. Retrieved September 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Roque+defends+Duterte%27s+rape+remark%3A+%27It%27s+more+liberal+in+the+South%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2F08%2F31%2FRoque-liberal-sense-of-humor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-517"><a href="#cite_ref-517">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201010143337/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-idUSKBN26Q0YK">"Philippines' Duterte scores record high rating, despite virus crisis"</a>. Reuters. October 5, 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-duterte-idUSKBN26Q0YK">the original</a> on October 10, 2020. Retrieved January 10, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+scores+record+high+rating%2C+despite+virus+crisis&rft.date=2020-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-duterte-idUSKBN26Q0YK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rappler-TatayDigong-518"><a href="#cite_ref-Rappler-TatayDigong_518-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisco2017" class="citation news cs1">Francisco, Katerina (July 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170724113901/https://www.rappler.com/nation/176555-sona-2017-philippines-duterte-ratings-charisma/">"'Tatay Digong' brand, charisma behind Duterte's survey numbers – analysts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/176555-sona-2017-philippines-duterte-ratings-charisma/">the original</a> on July 24, 2017. Retrieved May 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=%27Tatay+Digong%27+brand%2C+charisma+behind+Duterte%27s+survey+numbers+%E2%80%93+analysts&rft.date=2017-07-24&rft.aulast=Francisco&rft.aufirst=Katerina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F176555-sona-2017-philippines-duterte-ratings-charisma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BusinessWorld-TatayDigong-519"><a href="#cite_ref-BusinessWorld-TatayDigong_519-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAquino2019" class="citation news cs1">Aquino, Norman P. (July 21, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220408222053/https://www.bworldonline.com/editors-picks/2019/07/22/243481/tatay-digong-thrives-on-pathos-to-keep-rock-star-status/">"'Tatay Digong' thrives on pathos to keep rock-star status"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bworldonline.com/editors-picks/2019/07/22/243481/tatay-digong-thrives-on-pathos-to-keep-rock-star-status/">the original</a> on April 8, 2022. Retrieved May 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=%27Tatay+Digong%27+thrives+on+pathos+to+keep+rock-star+status&rft.date=2019-07-21&rft.aulast=Aquino&rft.aufirst=Norman+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Feditors-picks%2F2019%2F07%2F22%2F243481%2Ftatay-digong-thrives-on-pathos-to-keep-rock-star-status%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SWS-DuterteSpecialReport-520"><a href="#cite_ref-SWS-DuterteSpecialReport_520-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210926092412/https://www.sws.org.ph/downloads/media_release/pr20210924%20-%20SWR2021-II%20Special%20Report%20on%20Satisfaction%20with%20the%20President%20%28special%20report%29.pdf">"Special report on Satisfaction Rating of the President: Pres. Duterte's Net Satisfaction at +79 in November 2020, +65 in May 2021, and +62 in June 2021"</a> (PDF). Social Weather Stations. September 24, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sws.org.ph/downloads/media_release/pr20210924%20-%20SWR2021-II%20Special%20Report%20on%20Satisfaction%20with%20the%20President%20%28special%20report%29.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on September 26, 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Weather+Stations&rft.atitle=Special+report+on+Satisfaction+Rating+of+the+President%3A+Pres.+Duterte%27s+Net+Satisfaction+at+%2B79+in+November+2020%2C+%2B65+in+May+2021%2C+and+%2B62+in+June+2021&rft.date=2021-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sws.org.ph%2Fdownloads%2Fmedia_release%2Fpr20210924%2520-%2520SWR2021-II%2520Special%2520Report%2520on%2520Satisfaction%2520with%2520the%2520President%2520%2528special%2520report%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-521"><a href="#cite_ref-521">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEspinosa2023" class="citation news cs1">Espinosa, Ian Carl (September 26, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231227131905/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/rody-duterte-still-leading-candidate-for-midterm-polls">"Rody Duterte still leading candidate for midterm polls"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/rody-duterte-still-leading-candidate-for-midterm-polls">the original</a> on December 27, 2023. Retrieved December 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Rody+Duterte+still+leading+candidate+for+midterm+polls&rft.date=2023-09-26&rft.aulast=Espinosa&rft.aufirst=Ian+Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Fdavao%2Flocal-news%2Frody-duterte-still-leading-candidate-for-midterm-polls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-522"><a href="#cite_ref-522">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/09/06/the-son-of-whore-story-is-about-so-much-more-than-dutertes-dirty-mouth/">"The 'son of a whore' story is about so much more than Duterte's dirty mouth"</a>. The Washington Post. Retrieved September 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+%27son+of+a+whore%27+story+is+about+so+much+more+than+Duterte%27s+dirty+mouth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fworldviews%2Fwp%2F2016%2F09%2F06%2Fthe-son-of-whore-story-is-about-so-much-more-than-dutertes-dirty-mouth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-523"><a href="#cite_ref-523">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBencito,_J._P.Araneta,_S.Araja,_R._N.2016" class="citation news cs1">Bencito, J. P.; Araneta, S.; Araja, R. N. (May 11, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160510182933/http://thestandard.com.ph/news/-main-stories/top-stories/205335/duterte-starts-searching-for-cabinet-men.html">"Duterte starts searching for Cabinet men"</a>. The Standard. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestandard.com.ph/news/-main-stories/top-stories/205335/duterte-starts-searching-for-cabinet-men.html">the original</a> on May 10, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Standard&rft.atitle=Duterte+starts+searching+for+Cabinet+men&rft.date=2016-05-11&rft.au=Bencito%2C+J.+P.&rft.au=Araneta%2C+S.&rft.au=Araja%2C+R.+N.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestandard.com.ph%2Fnews%2F-main-stories%2Ftop-stories%2F205335%2Fduterte-starts-searching-for-cabinet-men.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-524"><a href="#cite_ref-524">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rappler.com/nation/175838-malacanang-duterte-rape-remark-masses-get-him">"Malacañang on Duterte rape remark: The masses get him"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Retrieved August 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Malaca%C3%B1ang+on+Duterte+rape+remark%3A+The+masses+get+him&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F175838-malacanang-duterte-rape-remark-masses-get-him&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-525"><a href="#cite_ref-525">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoe_SterlingBuena_Bernal" class="citation news cs1">Joe Sterling; Buena Bernal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/26/asia/philippines-duterte-speech/index.html">"Duterte jokes about rape while rallying troops to fight militants"</a>. CNN. Retrieved August 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Duterte+jokes+about+rape+while+rallying+troops+to+fight+militants&rft.au=Joe+Sterling&rft.au=Buena+Bernal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2017%2F05%2F26%2Fasia%2Fphilippines-duterte-speech%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-526"><a href="#cite_ref-526">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/duterte-rape-joke-martial-law-troops-170527082049812.html">"Duterte makes rape 'joke' for martial law troops"</a>. Al Jazeera. Retrieved August 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Duterte+makes+rape+%27joke%27+for+martial+law+troops&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F05%2Fduterte-rape-joke-martial-law-troops-170527082049812.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters-Denounced-527"><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters-Denounced_527-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-politics-journalists/philippines-duterte-denounced-for-defending-killing-of-some-journalists-idUSKCN0YN3TK">"Philippines' Duterte denounced for defending killing of some journalists"</a>. Reuters. June 2, 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+denounced+for+defending+killing+of+some+journalists&rft.date=2016-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-politics-journalists%2Fphilippines-duterte-denounced-for-defending-killing-of-some-journalists-idUSKCN0YN3TK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Croucher-2019-528">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Croucher-2019_528-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Croucher-2019_528-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCroucher2019" class="citation web cs1">Croucher, Shane (May 31, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsweek.com/philippines-duterte-gay-cured-homosexuality-comments-1440433">"Philippines President Duterte says he was once gay "but I cured myself""</a>. Newsweek.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newsweek&rft.atitle=Philippines+President+Duterte+says+he+was+once+gay+%22but+I+cured+myself%22&rft.date=2019-05-31&rft.aulast=Croucher&rft.aufirst=Shane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fphilippines-duterte-gay-cured-homosexuality-comments-1440433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-529"><a href="#cite_ref-529">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-09-06/obama-calls-off-planned-talks-with-duterte/7817454">"Barack Obama scraps planned talks with Rodrigo Duterte over 'son of whore' slur"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News</a>. September 6, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Barack+Obama+scraps+planned+talks+with+Rodrigo+Duterte+over+%27son+of+whore%27+slur&rft.date=2016-09-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2016-09-06%2Fobama-calls-off-planned-talks-with-duterte%2F7817454&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-XinhuaNet-530"><a href="#cite_ref-XinhuaNet_530-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710150334/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-07/09/c_135500521.htm">"Philippine president accuses U.S. of "importing" terrorism to Middle East"</a>. Xinhua. July 9, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-07/09/c_135500521.htm">the original</a> on July 10, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Xinhua&rft.atitle=Philippine+president+accuses+U.S.+of+%22importing%22+terrorism+to+Middle+East&rft.date=2016-07-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2016-07%2F09%2Fc_135500521.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-531"><a href="#cite_ref-531">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161108222039/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/10/05/duterte-tells-obama-go-to-hell.html">"Duterte tells Obama to 'go to hell,' explains frustration with U.S."</a> <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/10/05/duterte-tells-obama-go-to-hell.html">the original</a> on November 8, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+tells+Obama+to+%27go+to+hell%2C%27+explains+frustration+with+U.S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F10%2F05%2Fduterte-tells-obama-go-to-hell.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-532"><a href="#cite_ref-532">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomero" class="citation news cs1">Romero, Alexis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/12/31/1881167/duterte-vows-more-attacks-catholic-church">"Duterte vows more attacks on Catholic Church"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved February 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+vows+more+attacks+on+Catholic+Church&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2018%2F12%2F31%2F1881167%2Fduterte-vows-more-attacks-catholic-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-anticleric-533"><a href="#cite_ref-anticleric_533-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorrales2016" class="citation news cs1">Corrales, Nestor (May 22, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/786977/duterte-defies-catholic-churchs-belief-on-family-planning">"Duterte defies Catholic Church's belief on family planning"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved July 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+defies+Catholic+Church%27s+belief+on+family+planning&rft.date=2016-05-22&rft.aulast=Corrales&rft.aufirst=Nestor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F786977%2Fduterte-defies-catholic-churchs-belief-on-family-planning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-church-534"><a href="#cite_ref-church_534-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pri.org/stories/2016-05-24/philippines-duterte-launches-vulgar-attacks-church">"Philippines' Duterte launches vulgar attacks on Church"</a>. PRI. May 24, 2016. Retrieved October 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PRI&rft.atitle=Philippines%27+Duterte+launches+vulgar+attacks+on+Church&rft.date=2016-05-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pri.org%2Fstories%2F2016-05-24%2Fphilippines-duterte-launches-vulgar-attacks-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-535"><a href="#cite_ref-535">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asianews.it/news-en/Sedition-charges-against-four-bishops-and-three-priests-are-beyond-belief-47589.html">"Sedition charges against four bishops and three priests are 'beyond belief'"</a>. AsiaNews. Retrieved February 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AsiaNews&rft.atitle=Sedition+charges+against+four+bishops+and+three+priests+are+%27beyond+belief%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asianews.it%2Fnews-en%2FSedition-charges-against-four-bishops-and-three-priests-are-beyond-belief-47589.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-536"><a href="#cite_ref-536">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/06/28/philippines-dutertes-first-year-human-rights-calamity">"Philippines: Duterte's First Year a Human Rights Calamity"</a>. Human Rights Watch. June 28, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=Philippines%3A+Duterte%27s+First+Year+a+Human+Rights+Calamity&rft.date=2017-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2017%2F06%2F28%2Fphilippines-dutertes-first-year-human-rights-calamity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-537"><a href="#cite_ref-537">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/philippines-suspends-drugs-war-cleanse-corrupt-police-549938">"Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte is suspending his war on drugs to go after "corrupt" police"</a>. Newsweek. January 30, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsweek&rft.atitle=Philippine+President+Rodrigo+Duterte+is+suspending+his+war+on+drugs+to+go+after+%22corrupt%22+police&rft.date=2017-01-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fphilippines-suspends-drugs-war-cleanse-corrupt-police-549938&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-538"><a href="#cite_ref-538">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/report/2017/03/02/license-kill/philippine-police-killings-dutertes-war-drugs">"License to Kill"</a>. Human Rights Watch. March 2, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=License+to+Kill&rft.date=2017-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Freport%2F2017%2F03%2F02%2Flicense-kill%2Fphilippine-police-killings-dutertes-war-drugs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-539"><a href="#cite_ref-539">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlazerRocklin2017" class="citation news cs1">Glazer, Andrew; Rocklin, Jeremy (March 26, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/video/world/asia/100000004819836/duterte-philippines-when-a-president-says-ill-kill-you.html">"When a President Says, 'I'll Kill You'"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved August 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=When+a+President+Says%2C+%27I%27ll+Kill+You%27&rft.date=2017-03-26&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Glazer&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Rocklin%2C+Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fvideo%2Fworld%2Fasia%2F100000004819836%2Fduterte-philippines-when-a-president-says-ill-kill-you.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-540"><a href="#cite_ref-540">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/08/17/philippines-duterte-threatens-human-rights-community">"Philippines: Duterte Threatens Human Rights Community"</a>. Human Rights Watch. August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=Philippines%3A+Duterte+Threatens+Human+Rights+Community&rft.date=2017-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2017%2F08%2F17%2Fphilippines-duterte-threatens-human-rights-community&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-541"><a href="#cite_ref-541">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNawal2015" class="citation news cs1">Nawal, Allan (May 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/693793/facebook-groups-add-meaning-to-dds">"Facebook groups add meaning to DDS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved November 12, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Facebook+groups+add+meaning+to+DDS&rft.date=2015-05-27&rft.aulast=Nawal&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F693793%2Ffacebook-groups-add-meaning-to-dds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-542"><a href="#cite_ref-542">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019144223im_/https://www.sws.org.ph/visuals/2021/pr20210924/pr20210924_vis03.JPG">"Net Satisfaction Ratings of Presidents: Philippines (Page 2 of 2)"</a>. Social Weather Stations. September 24, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sws.org.ph/visuals/2021/pr20210924/pr20210924_vis03.JPG">the original</a> on October 19, 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Social+Weather+Stations&rft.atitle=Net+Satisfaction+Ratings+of+Presidents%3A+Philippines+%28Page+2+of+2%29&rft.date=2021-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sws.org.ph%2Fvisuals%2F2021%2Fpr20210924%2Fpr20210924_vis03.JPG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MB-SWS4thQtr-543">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MB-SWS4thQtr_543-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MB-SWS4thQtr_543-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Vera-Ruiz2022" class="citation news cs1">De Vera-Ruiz, Ellalyn (February 8, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220211021721/https://mb.com.ph/2022/02/08/75-of-filipinos-satisfied-with-duterte-sws-survey/">"75% of Filipinos satisfied with Duterte – SWS survey"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2022/02/08/75-of-filipinos-satisfied-with-duterte-sws-survey/">the original</a> on February 11, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=75%25+of+Filipinos+satisfied+with+Duterte+%E2%80%93+SWS+survey&rft.date=2022-02-08&rft.aulast=De+Vera-Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Ellalyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2022%2F02%2F08%2F75-of-filipinos-satisfied-with-duterte-sws-survey%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-544"><a href="#cite_ref-544">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Vera-Ruiz2022" class="citation news cs1">De Vera-Ruiz, Ellalyn (July 13, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220713132219/https://mb.com.ph/2022/07/13/former-president-dutertes-satisfaction-rating-rises-to-65-in-april-sws-survey/">"Former President Duterte's net satisfaction rating rises to +65 in April SWS survey"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2022/07/13/former-president-dutertes-satisfaction-rating-rises-to-65-in-april-sws-survey/">the original</a> on July 13, 2022. Retrieved September 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Former+President+Duterte%27s+net+satisfaction+rating+rises+to+%2B65+in+April+SWS+survey&rft.date=2022-07-13&rft.aulast=De+Vera-Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Ellalyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2022%2F07%2F13%2Fformer-president-dutertes-satisfaction-rating-rises-to-65-in-april-sws-survey%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SWS-2ndQ-545">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SWS-2ndQ_545-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SWS-2ndQ_545-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220925065815/https://www.sws.org.ph/downloads/media_release/pr20220923%20-%20SWR2022-II%20Satisfaction%20with%20the%20President%20%28media%20release%29.pdf">"Second Quarter 2022 Social Weather Survey: Pres. Rodrigo Duterte's final net satisfaction rating at +81"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Social_Weather_Stations" title="Social Weather Stations">Social Weather Stations</a>. September 23, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sws.org.ph/downloads/media_release/pr20220923%20-%20SWR2022-II%20Satisfaction%20with%20the%20President%20%28media%20release%29.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on September 25, 2022. Retrieved September 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Weather+Stations&rft.atitle=Second+Quarter+2022+Social+Weather+Survey%3A+Pres.+Rodrigo+Duterte%27s+final+net+satisfaction+rating+at+%2B81&rft.date=2022-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sws.org.ph%2Fdownloads%2Fmedia_release%2Fpr20220923%2520-%2520SWR2022-II%2520Satisfaction%2520with%2520the%2520President%2520%2528media%2520release%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-546"><a href="#cite_ref-546">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEstopace2016" class="citation news cs1">Estopace, F. G. (July 13, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170820115214/http://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=TopStory&title=duterte-rides-on-excellent-trust-rating&id=130331">"Duterte rides on 'excellent' trust rating"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=TopStory&title=duterte-rides-on-excellent-trust-rating&id=130331">the original</a> on August 20, 2017. Retrieved July 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=Duterte+rides+on+%27excellent%27+trust+rating&rft.date=2016-07-13&rft.aulast=Estopace&rft.aufirst=F.+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Fcontent.php%3Fsection%3DTopStory%26title%3Dduterte-rides-on-excellent-trust-rating%26id%3D130331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-547"><a href="#cite_ref-547">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHegina2016" class="citation news cs1">Hegina, Aries Joseph (July 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161126014809/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/797447/duterte-becomes-phs-most-trusted-official">"Duterte becomes PH's most trusted official"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/797447/duterte-becomes-phs-most-trusted-official">the original</a> on November 26, 2016. Retrieved July 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+becomes+PH%27s+most+trusted+official&rft.date=2016-07-20&rft.aulast=Hegina&rft.aufirst=Aries+Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F797447%2Fduterte-becomes-phs-most-trusted-official&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nicolas-2018-548">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nicolas-2018_548-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nicolas-2018_548-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicolas2018" class="citation news cs1">Nicolas, Jino (July 10, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627062141/https://www.bworldonline.com/editors-picks/2018/07/10/171891/satisfaction-with-duterte-drops-to-record-low-45/">"Satisfaction with Duterte drops to record-low +45"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bworldonline.com/editors-picks/2018/07/10/171891/satisfaction-with-duterte-drops-to-record-low-45/">the original</a> on June 27, 2022. Retrieved July 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=Satisfaction+with+Duterte+drops+to+record-low+%2B45&rft.date=2018-07-10&rft.aulast=Nicolas&rft.aufirst=Jino&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Feditors-picks%2F2018%2F07%2F10%2F171891%2Fsatisfaction-with-duterte-drops-to-record-low-45%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-549"><a href="#cite_ref-549">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerez2018" class="citation news cs1">Merez, Arianne (December 28, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181228115914/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/12/28/18/duterte-closes-2018-with-very-good-satisfaction-rating-sws">"Duterte closes 2018 with 'very good' satisfaction rating- SWS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/12/28/18/duterte-closes-2018-with-very-good-satisfaction-rating-sws">the original</a> on December 28, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Duterte+closes+2018+with+%27very+good%27+satisfaction+rating-+SWS&rft.date=2018-12-28&rft.aulast=Merez&rft.aufirst=Arianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F12%2F28%2F18%2Fduterte-closes-2018-with-very-good-satisfaction-rating-sws&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-550"><a href="#cite_ref-550">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeydarian2019" class="citation web cs1">Heydarian, Richard Javad (May 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200910001716/https://asiatimes.com/2019/05/philippine-midterms-could-extend-dutertes-rule/">"Philippine midterms could extend Duterte's rule"</a>. Asia Times. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asiatimes.com/2019/05/philippine-midterms-could-extend-dutertes-rule/">the original</a> on September 10, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Asia+Times&rft.atitle=Philippine+midterms+could+extend+Duterte%27s+rule&rft.date=2019-05-02&rft.aulast=Heydarian&rft.aufirst=Richard+Javad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasiatimes.com%2F2019%2F05%2Fphilippine-midterms-could-extend-dutertes-rule%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-551"><a href="#cite_ref-551">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Vera2019" class="citation news cs1">de Vera, Ben O. (December 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191220101024/https://business.inquirer.net/285855/economic-team-dutertes-pulse-asia-approval-rating-jumped-to-87-in-december">"Duterte approval rating of 87 percent in December attributed to poverty reduction, SEA Games 'high'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://business.inquirer.net/285855/economic-team-dutertes-pulse-asia-approval-rating-jumped-to-87-in-december">the original</a> on December 20, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+approval+rating+of+87+percent+in+December+attributed+to+poverty+reduction%2C+SEA+Games+%27high%27&rft.date=2019-12-20&rft.aulast=de+Vera&rft.aufirst=Ben+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.inquirer.net%2F285855%2Feconomic-team-dutertes-pulse-asia-approval-rating-jumped-to-87-in-december&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAGovPH-COVIDSurvey-552"><a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-COVIDSurvey_552-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParrocha2020" class="citation news cs1">Parrocha, Azer (October 8, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101184347/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1117910">"8 in 10 Pinoys approve Duterte admin's Covid-19 response"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1117910">the original</a> on November 1, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=8+in+10+Pinoys+approve+Duterte+admin%27s+Covid-19+response&rft.date=2020-10-08&rft.aulast=Parrocha&rft.aufirst=Azer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1117910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASEANPost-553"><a href="#cite_ref-ASEANPost_553-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalindog-Uy2020" class="citation news cs1">Malindog-Uy, Anna (October 11, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201012045434/https://theaseanpost.com/article/duterte-we-trust">"In Duterte We Trust"</a>. The ASEAN Post. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theaseanpost.com/article/duterte-we-trust">the original</a> on October 12, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+ASEAN+Post&rft.atitle=In+Duterte+We+Trust&rft.date=2020-10-11&rft.aulast=Malindog-Uy&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheaseanpost.com%2Farticle%2Fduterte-we-trust&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-554"><a href="#cite_ref-554">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCruz2022" class="citation news cs1">Cruz, Kaithreen (April 12, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220411053427/https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/04/11/news/dutertes-approval-trust-rating-remain-high-publicus/1839667">"Duterte bowing out with high ratings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/04/11/news/dutertes-approval-trust-rating-remain-high-publicus/1839667">the original</a> on April 11, 2022. Retrieved May 13, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Duterte+bowing+out+with+high+ratings&rft.date=2022-04-12&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=Kaithreen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2022%2F04%2F11%2Fnews%2Fdutertes-approval-trust-rating-remain-high-publicus%2F1839667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-555"><a href="#cite_ref-555">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Vera-Ruiz2022" class="citation news cs1">De Vera-Ruiz, Ellalyn (March 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220322105459/https://mb.com.ph/2022/03/22/more-than-half-of-pinoy-voters-support-partial-continuity-of-dutertes-policies-survey/">"More than half of Pinoy voters support 'partial continuity' of Duterte's policies — survey"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2022/03/22/more-than-half-of-pinoy-voters-support-partial-continuity-of-dutertes-policies-survey/">the original</a> on March 22, 2022. Retrieved May 13, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=More+than+half+of+Pinoy+voters+support+%27partial+continuity%27+of+Duterte%27s+policies+%E2%80%94+survey&rft.date=2022-03-22&rft.aulast=De+Vera-Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Ellalyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2022%2F03%2F22%2Fmore-than-half-of-pinoy-voters-support-partial-continuity-of-dutertes-policies-survey%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-556"><a href="#cite_ref-556">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Vera-Ruiz2022" class="citation news cs1">De Vera-Ruiz, Ellalyn (June 27, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627043643/https://mb.com.ph/2022/06/27/publicus-survey-duterte-is-most-popular-post-edsa-1-president/">"PUBLiCUS survey: Duterte is most popular post-EDSA 1 president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2022/06/27/publicus-survey-duterte-is-most-popular-post-edsa-1-president/">the original</a> on June 27, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=PUBLiCUS+survey%3A+Duterte+is+most+popular+post-EDSA+1+president&rft.date=2022-06-27&rft.aulast=De+Vera-Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Ellalyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2022%2F06%2F27%2Fpublicus-survey-duterte-is-most-popular-post-edsa-1-president%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-557"><a href="#cite_ref-557">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/563681/duterte-declares-he-ll-be-first-leftist-president/story/">"'BUT NOT AN NPA': Duterte declares he'll be first leftist president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. April 22, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=%27BUT+NOT+AN+NPA%27%3A+Duterte+declares+he%27ll+be+first+leftist+president&rft.date=2016-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2Fnation%2F563681%2Fduterte-declares-he-ll-be-first-leftist-president%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-558"><a href="#cite_ref-558">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalatino" class="citation news cs1">Palatino, Mong. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2017/05/is-the-philippines-duterte-really-a-leftist/">"Is the Philippines' Duterte Really a Leftist?"</a>. The Diplomat. Retrieved November 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft.atitle=Is+the+Philippines%27+Duterte+Really+a+Leftist%3F&rft.aulast=Palatino&rft.aufirst=Mong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2017%2F05%2Fis-the-philippines-duterte-really-a-leftist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-559"><a href="#cite_ref-559">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/563681/duterte-declares-he-ll-be-first-leftist-president/story/">"'BUT NOT AN NPA': Duterte declares he'll be first leftist president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Retrieved November 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=%27BUT+NOT+AN+NPA%27%3A+Duterte+declares+he%27ll+be+first+leftist+president&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F563681%2Fduterte-declares-he-ll-be-first-leftist-president%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-560"><a href="#cite_ref-560">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMallari" class="citation news cs1">Mallari, Delfin T. Jr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/884438/joma-sison-wishes-best-of-health-for-ex-student-duterte">"Joma Sison wishes 'best of health' for ex-student Duterte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Joma+Sison+wishes+%27best+of+health%27+for+ex-student+Duterte&rft.aulast=Mallari&rft.aufirst=Delfin+T.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F884438%2Fjoma-sison-wishes-best-of-health-for-ex-student-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-561"><a href="#cite_ref-561">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSabillo" class="citation news cs1">Sabillo, Kristine Angeli. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/764641/joma-sison-talks-about-former-student-duterte-other-candidates">"Joma Sison talks about former student Duterte, other candidates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Joma+Sison+talks+about+former+student+Duterte%2C+other+candidates&rft.aulast=Sabillo&rft.aufirst=Kristine+Angeli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F764641%2Fjoma-sison-talks-about-former-student-duterte-other-candidates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Duterte22-562"><a href="#cite_ref-Duterte22_562-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanadaCaduaya2015" class="citation news cs1">Ranada, Pia; Caduaya, Editha (September 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/105955-things-know-trivia-rodrigo-duterte">"22 things to know about 'Duterte Harry'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Retrieved July 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=22+things+to+know+about+%27Duterte+Harry%27&rft.date=2015-09-18&rft.aulast=Ranada&rft.aufirst=Pia&rft.au=Caduaya%2C+Editha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2Fiq%2F105955-things-know-trivia-rodrigo-duterte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-563"><a href="#cite_ref-563">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegalado2001" class="citation news cs1">Regalado, Edith (March 3, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/nation/104586/davao-city-mayoral-race-duterte-siblings-slugging-it-out">"Davao City Mayoral Race; Duterte siblings slugging it out"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">Philstar</a>. Retrieved July 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philstar&rft.atitle=Davao+City+Mayoral+Race%3B+Duterte+siblings+slugging+it+out&rft.date=2001-03-03&rft.aulast=Regalado&rft.aufirst=Edith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fnation%2F104586%2Fdavao-city-mayoral-race-duterte-siblings-slugging-it-out&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-564"><a href="#cite_ref-564">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSy_Cua2023" class="citation news cs1">Sy Cua, Aric John (January 13, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manilatimes.net/2023/01/13/news/ex-president-dutertes-program-returns-on-smni/1874113">"Ex-president Duterte's program returns on SMNI"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a>. Retrieved January 31, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Ex-president+Duterte%27s+program+returns+on+SMNI&rft.date=2023-01-13&rft.aulast=Sy+Cua&rft.aufirst=Aric+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2023%2F01%2F13%2Fnews%2Fex-president-dutertes-program-returns-on-smni%2F1874113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-565"><a href="#cite_ref-565">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonforte2015" class="citation news cs1">Monforte, Cha (April 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessmirror.com.ph/2-duterte-aides-hurt-in-accident">"2 Duterte aides hurt in accident"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessMirror" title="BusinessMirror">BusinessMirror</a>. Retrieved July 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessMirror&rft.atitle=2+Duterte+aides+hurt+in+accident&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.aulast=Monforte&rft.aufirst=Cha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessmirror.com.ph%2F2-duterte-aides-hurt-in-accident&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-566"><a href="#cite_ref-566">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApostol2017" class="citation news cs1">Apostol, Gina (May 29, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/19/opinion/sunday/philippines-rodrigo-duterte-fascism.html">"Speaking in Fascism's Tongues"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a>. Retrieved February 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Speaking+in+Fascism%27s+Tongues&rft.date=2017-05-29&rft.aulast=Apostol&rft.aufirst=Gina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F05%2F19%2Fopinion%2Fsunday%2Fphilippines-rodrigo-duterte-fascism.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-567"><a href="#cite_ref-567">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalicte2022" class="citation news cs1">Palicte, Che (December 21, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221222120900/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1191202">"Ex-President Duterte gifts kids with cancer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1191202">the original</a> on December 22, 2022. Retrieved December 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Ex-President+Duterte+gifts+kids+with+cancer&rft.date=2022-12-21&rft.aulast=Palicte&rft.aufirst=Che&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1191202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-568"><a href="#cite_ref-568">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacorte2012" class="citation news cs1">Lacorte, Germelina (February 5, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/140077/duterte-matriarch-dies-at-95">"Duterte matriarch dies at 95"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved July 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+matriarch+dies+at+95&rft.date=2012-02-05&rft.aulast=Lacorte&rft.aufirst=Germelina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F140077%2Fduterte-matriarch-dies-at-95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNNPH-ZimmermanDigong-569">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-ZimmermanDigong_569-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNNPH-ZimmermanDigong_569-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndolong2016" class="citation news cs1">Andolong, Ina (June 24, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160627055954/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/06/24/Duterte-Elizabeth-Zimmerman-Honeylet-Avancena.html">"Elizabeth Zimmerman: Digong still takes care of me"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/06/24/Duterte-Elizabeth-Zimmerman-Honeylet-Avancena.html">the original</a> on June 27, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Zimmerman%3A+Digong+still+takes+care+of+me&rft.date=2016-06-24&rft.aulast=Andolong&rft.aufirst=Ina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F06%2F24%2FDuterte-Elizabeth-Zimmerman-Honeylet-Avancena.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-570"><a href="#cite_ref-570">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanada2016" class="citation news cs1">Ranada, Pia (October 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161005124333/https://www.rappler.com/nation/148217-philippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-apology-jewish-community/">"Jewish community applauds Duterte after apology"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/148217-philippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-apology-jewish-community/">the original</a> on October 5, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Jewish+community+applauds+Duterte+after+apology&rft.date=2016-10-04&rft.aulast=Ranada&rft.aufirst=Pia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F148217-philippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-apology-jewish-community%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-571"><a href="#cite_ref-571">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacasero2016" class="citation news cs1">Macasero, Ryan (April 13, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220511112742/https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/129329-duterte-ex-wife-elizabeth-zimmerman-campaign/">"Duterte's ex-wife: It's not true he kills innocent people"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/129329-duterte-ex-wife-elizabeth-zimmerman-campaign/">the original</a> on May 11, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+ex-wife%3A+It%27s+not+true+he+kills+innocent+people&rft.date=2016-04-13&rft.aulast=Macasero&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2Felections%2F129329-duterte-ex-wife-elizabeth-zimmerman-campaign%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-572"><a href="#cite_ref-572">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160314141937/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/773343/duterte-son-answers-call-of-campaign">"Duterte son answers call of campaign"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. March 14, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/773343/duterte-son-answers-call-of-campaign">the original</a> on March 14, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+son+answers+call+of+campaign&rft.date=2016-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F773343%2Fduterte-son-answers-call-of-campaign&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-573"><a href="#cite_ref-573">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabico2019" class="citation news cs1">Cabico, Gaea Katreena (May 14, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190514150705/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/05/14/1917770/dutertes-cement-grip-davao-city-politics-after-widely-expected-victory">"Dutertes cement grip on Davao City politics after a widely expected victory"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/05/14/1917770/dutertes-cement-grip-davao-city-politics-after-widely-expected-victory">the original</a> on May 14, 2019. Retrieved May 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Dutertes+cement+grip+on+Davao+City+politics+after+a+widely+expected+victory&rft.date=2019-05-14&rft.aulast=Cabico&rft.aufirst=Gaea+Katreena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2019%2F05%2F14%2F1917770%2Fdutertes-cement-grip-davao-city-politics-after-widely-expected-victory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hofilena-2015-574">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hofilena-2015_574-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hofilena-2015_574-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofilena2015" class="citation news cs1">Hofilena, Chay (July 28, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150729035551/https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/inside-track/100729-philandering-rodrigo-duterte-marriage-annulment/">"'Philandering' Rodrigo Duterte cause of marriage annulment"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/inside-track/100729-philandering-rodrigo-duterte-marriage-annulment/">the original</a> on July 29, 2015. Retrieved November 16, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=%27Philandering%27+Rodrigo+Duterte+cause+of+marriage+annulment&rft.date=2015-07-28&rft.aulast=Hofilena&rft.aufirst=Chay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2Finside-track%2F100729-philandering-rodrigo-duterte-marriage-annulment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zimmerman-575"><a href="#cite_ref-Zimmerman_575-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/561578/news/nation/duterte-s-ex-wife-skips-cancer-treatments-to-launch-campaign-caravan/">"Duterte's ex-wife skips cancer treatments to launch campaign caravan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+ex-wife+skips+cancer+treatments+to+launch+campaign+caravan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F561578%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fduterte-s-ex-wife-skips-cancer-treatments-to-launch-campaign-caravan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BoholNewsToday-Conflict-576"><a href="#cite_ref-BoholNewsToday-Conflict_576-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603155536/http://boholnewstoday.com/201501/duterte-wants-conflict-with-muslims-settled.html">"Duterte wants conflict with Muslims settled"</a>. Bohol News Today. January 13, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boholnewstoday.com/201501/duterte-wants-conflict-with-muslims-settled.html">the original</a> on June 3, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bohol+News+Today&rft.atitle=Duterte+wants+conflict+with+Muslims+settled&rft.date=2015-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboholnewstoday.com%2F201501%2Fduterte-wants-conflict-with-muslims-settled.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-577"><a href="#cite_ref-577">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercado2019" class="citation news cs1">Mercado, Neil Arwin (June 9, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1128293/meet-rodrigo-iii-the-presidents-first-great-grandson">"Meet Rodrigo III, the President's first great-grandson"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved June 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Meet+Rodrigo+III%2C+the+President%27s+first+great-grandson&rft.date=2019-06-09&rft.aulast=Mercado&rft.aufirst=Neil+Arwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1128293%2Fmeet-rodrigo-iii-the-presidents-first-great-grandson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-578"><a href="#cite_ref-578">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolitiko.com.ph2022" class="citation news cs1">Politiko.com.ph (September 1, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mindanao.politiko.com.ph/kitty-duterte-shares-new-selfie-with-mimi/">"Kitty Duterte shares new selfie with Mimi"</a>. Politiko Mindanao. MCD Multimedia Corporation. Retrieved February 24, 2025. <q>Former President Duterte's daughter Veronica 'Kitty' Duterte recently shared to the world another photo with her family member, Mimi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politiko+Mindanao&rft.atitle=Kitty+Duterte+shares+new+selfie+with+Mimi&rft.date=2022-09-01&rft.au=Politiko.com.ph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmindanao.politiko.com.ph%2Fkitty-duterte-shares-new-selfie-with-mimi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-579"><a href="#cite_ref-579">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolitiko.com.ph2023" class="citation news cs1">Politiko.com.ph (July 27, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mindanao.politiko.com.ph/kitty-duterte-offers-glimpses-into-moments-with-mira-and-mom-honeylet/">"Kitty Duterte offers glimpses into moments with Mira and mom Honeylet"</a>. Politiko. MCD Multimedia Corporation. Retrieved February 24, 2025. <q>Kitty Duterte, the daughter of former President Duterte, recently took to social media to share endearing snapshots of cherished moments spent with her sister Mira and mother Honeylet within the comfort of their home.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politiko&rft.atitle=Kitty+Duterte+offers+glimpses+into+moments+with+Mira+and+mom+Honeylet&rft.date=2023-07-27&rft.au=Politiko.com.ph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmindanao.politiko.com.ph%2Fkitty-duterte-offers-glimpses-into-moments-with-mira-and-mom-honeylet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-580"><a href="#cite_ref-580">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdge_Davao2024" class="citation web cs1">Edge Davao (December 8, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/EdgeDavao/posts/pfbid0ajaZT2VxiizqgkCDw4pn5hbWA37ofqgUGD8WmFjdGHJ1LfPpcXAdFLDq2oursiVEl">"Former President Rodrigo Duterte's great granddaughter, Mira..."</a> <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>. <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta Platforms, Inc.</a> Retrieved February 24, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Facebook&rft.atitle=Former+President+Rodrigo+Duterte%27s+great+granddaughter%2C+Mira...&rft.date=2024-12-08&rft.au=%27%27Edge+Davao%27%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FEdgeDavao%2Fposts%2Fpfbid0ajaZT2VxiizqgkCDw4pn5hbWA37ofqgUGD8WmFjdGHJ1LfPpcXAdFLDq2oursiVEl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-581"><a href="#cite_ref-581">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolitiko.com.ph2025" class="citation news cs1">Politiko.com.ph (February 17, 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politiko.com.ph/2025/02/17/55-and-thriving-honeylet-avancena-gets-birthday-love-from-rody-duterte-family/snitch-network/">"'55 and thriving': Honeylet Avanceña gets birthday love from Rody Duterte, family"</a>. Politiko Mindanao. MCD Multimedia Corporation. Retrieved February 24, 2025. <q>It was a picture-perfect day for the birthday girl as she was flanked by the former leader, Kitty and little Mimi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politiko+Mindanao&rft.atitle=%2755+and+thriving%27%3A+Honeylet+Avance%C3%B1a+gets+birthday+love+from+Rody+Duterte%2C+family&rft.date=2025-02-17&rft.au=Politiko.com.ph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpolitiko.com.ph%2F2025%2F02%2F17%2F55-and-thriving-honeylet-avancena-gets-birthday-love-from-rody-duterte-family%2Fsnitch-network%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-582"><a href="#cite_ref-582">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiongcoGlobal_Daily_Mirror2025" class="citation web cs1">Siongco, Ronald; <a href="/wiki/Global_Daily_Mirror" title="Global Daily Mirror">Global Daily Mirror</a> (February 17, 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/globaldailymirror/posts/pfbid035HK87gn28vM9EaspgTtQRUP21copQQnTicgH7Vjha7nVsVC3LJAy11h9Wjh8XKuWl">""Maligayang kaarawan, Ma'am Honeylet!""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>. <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta Platforms, Inc.</a> Retrieved February 24, 2025. <q>[...]says [Bong] Go as he shares snapshots with the former First Couple, their daughter social media personality Kitty Duterte and granddaughter Mira.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Facebook&rft.atitle=%22Maligayang+kaarawan%2C+Ma%27am+Honeylet%21%22&rft.date=2025-02-17&rft.aulast=Siongco&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.au=Global+Daily+Mirror&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fglobaldailymirror%2Fposts%2Fpfbid035HK87gn28vM9EaspgTtQRUP21copQQnTicgH7Vjha7nVsVC3LJAy11h9Wjh8XKuWl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-583"><a href="#cite_ref-583">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolitiko.com.ph2022" class="citation news cs1">Politiko.com.ph (February 8, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mindanao.politiko.com.ph/kitty-duterte-shows-off-tattoos-on-latest-modeling-stint/">"Kitty Duterte shows off tattoos on latest modeling stint"</a>. Politiko Mindanao. MCD Multimedia Corporation. Retrieved February 24, 2025. <q>Fifteen year old Veronica 'Kitty' Duterte was recently seen sporting clear skin and newly lifted lashes, along with a brand new ink, during her shoot for Lutz Dental Clinic.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politiko+Mindanao&rft.atitle=Kitty+Duterte+shows+off+tattoos+on+latest+modeling+stint&rft.date=2022-02-08&rft.au=Politiko.com.ph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmindanao.politiko.com.ph%2Fkitty-duterte-shows-off-tattoos-on-latest-modeling-stint%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-584"><a href="#cite_ref-584">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuterte2023" class="citation web cs1">Duterte, Veronica (April 4, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CqmGyh3h7rz/?hl=en">"living for your squeaky morning giggles and obnoxious yelling[...]"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>. <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta Platforms, Inc.</a> Retrieved February 24, 2025. <q>[H]appy 4th birthday to my aries twin, my favorite person in the whole world and the meaning of my infamous rose tattoo 🤣[...]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Instagram&rft.atitle=living+for+your+squeaky+morning+giggles+and+obnoxious+yelling%5B...%5D&rft.date=2023-04-04&rft.aulast=Duterte&rft.aufirst=Veronica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.instagram.com%2Fp%2FCqmGyh3h7rz%2F%3Fhl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-585"><a href="#cite_ref-585">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFigueroa2015" class="citation news cs1">Figueroa, Antonio V. (December 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160914162402/http://www.edgedavao.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=23920:the-duterte-bloodline&catid=51:on-the-cover&Itemid=265">"The Duterte Bloodline"</a>. EDGE Davao. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edgedavao.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=23920:the-duterte-bloodline&catid=51:on-the-cover&Itemid=265">the original</a> on September 14, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EDGE+Davao&rft.atitle=The+Duterte+Bloodline&rft.date=2015-12-05&rft.aulast=Figueroa&rft.aufirst=Antonio+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edgedavao.net%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D23920%3Athe-duterte-bloodline%26catid%3D51%3Aon-the-cover%26Itemid%3D265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-587"><a href="#cite_ref-587">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomero2016" class="citation news cs1">Romero, Alexis (May 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/05/20/1585212/duterte-says-he-believes-god-not-religion">"Duterte says he believes in God but not in religion"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved September 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+says+he+believes+in+God+but+not+in+religion&rft.date=2016-05-20&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F05%2F20%2F1585212%2Fduterte-says-he-believes-god-not-religion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Christian-588"><a href="#cite_ref-Christian_588-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/787033/duterte-slams-church-as-hypocritical-institution">"Duterte slams Church as hypocritical institution"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. May 23, 2016. Retrieved November 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+slams+Church+as+hypocritical+institution&rft.date=2016-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F787033%2Fduterte-slams-church-as-hypocritical-institution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Torres-2016-589">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Torres-2016_589-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torres-2016_589-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorres,_Hazel2016" class="citation news cs1">Torres, Hazel (June 29, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christiantoday.com/article/duterte.vows.to.promote.birth.control.in.the.philippines.says.hes.a.christian.but.believes.in.one.god.allah/89535.htm">"Duterte vows to promote birth control in the Philippines, says he's a Christian but believes 'in one god Allah'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Christian_Today" title="Christian Today">Christian Today</a>. Retrieved November 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christian+Today&rft.atitle=Duterte+vows+to+promote+birth+control+in+the+Philippines%2C+says+he%27s+a+Christian+but+believes+%27in+one+god+Allah%27&rft.date=2016-06-29&rft.au=Torres%2C+Hazel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christiantoday.com%2Farticle%2Fduterte.vows.to.promote.birth.control.in.the.philippines.says.hes.a.christian.but.believes.in.one.god.allah%2F89535.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAGovPH-Agnostic-590">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-Agnostic_590-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PNAGovPH-Agnostic_590-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1040733">"Duterte: I'm not agnostic, not atheist"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>. July 7, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+I%27m+not+agnostic%2C+not+atheist&rft.date=2018-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1040733&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Newshub-2018-591">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Newshub-2018_591-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Newshub-2018_591-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180708062249/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/world/2018/07/rodrigo-duterte-doubles-down-on-attack-on-god-asks-for-proof.html">"Rodrigo Duterte doubles down on attack on God, asks for proof"</a>. Newshub. July 8, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/world/2018/07/rodrigo-duterte-doubles-down-on-attack-on-god-asks-for-proof.html">the original</a> on July 8, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newshub&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte+doubles+down+on+attack+on+God%2C+asks+for+proof&rft.date=2018-07-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newshub.co.nz%2Fhome%2Fworld%2F2018%2F07%2Frodrigo-duterte-doubles-down-on-attack-on-god-asks-for-proof.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-592"><a href="#cite_ref-592">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsguerra" class="citation news cs1">Esguerra, Darryl John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1074758/duterte-part-of-me-is-islam">"Duterte: Part of me is Islam"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+Part+of+me+is+Islam&rft.aulast=Esguerra&rft.aufirst=Darryl+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1074758%2Fduterte-part-of-me-is-islam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Patag-2018-593">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Patag-2018_593-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Patag-2018_593-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Patag-2018_593-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatag2018" class="citation news cs1">Patag, Kristine Joy (November 27, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181213171126/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/11/27/1872186/barbs-and-bible-continuing-clashes-between-duterte-and-bishop-david">"Barbs and the Bible: The continuing clashes between Duterte and Bishop David"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/11/27/1872186/barbs-and-bible-continuing-clashes-between-duterte-and-bishop-david">the original</a> on December 13, 2018. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Barbs+and+the+Bible%3A+The+continuing+clashes+between+Duterte+and+Bishop+David&rft.date=2018-11-27&rft.aulast=Patag&rft.aufirst=Kristine+Joy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2018%2F11%2F27%2F1872186%2Fbarbs-and-bible-continuing-clashes-between-duterte-and-bishop-david&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aurelio-Corrales-2019-594">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aurelio-Corrales-2019_594-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aurelio-Corrales-2019_594-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAurelioCorrales2019" class="citation news cs1">Aurelio, Julie M.; Corrales, Nestor (January 12, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190112012010/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1072259/duterte-renews-attack-on-church-dares-gay-bishops-to-come-out">"Duterte renews attack on Church, dares gay bishops to come out"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1072259/duterte-renews-attack-on-church-dares-gay-bishops-to-come-out">the original</a> on January 12, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+renews+attack+on+Church%2C+dares+gay+bishops+to+come+out&rft.date=2019-01-12&rft.aulast=Aurelio&rft.aufirst=Julie+M.&rft.au=Corrales%2C+Nestor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1072259%2Fduterte-renews-attack-on-church-dares-gay-bishops-to-come-out&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-595"><a href="#cite_ref-595">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos2018" class="citation news cs1">Santos, Tina G. (November 30, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181207034528/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1058595/bishops-defend-david-from-duterte-allegations">"Bishops defend David from Duterte allegations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1058595/bishops-defend-david-from-duterte-allegations">the original</a> on December 7, 2018. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Bishops+defend+David+from+Duterte+allegations&rft.date=2018-11-30&rft.aulast=Santos&rft.aufirst=Tina+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1058595%2Fbishops-defend-david-from-duterte-allegations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AlJazeera-GodRemark-596"><a href="#cite_ref-AlJazeera-GodRemark_596-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegencia2018" class="citation news cs1">Regencia, Ted (June 25, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/06/duterte-stupid-god-quip-personal-opinion-spokesman-180625082730103.html">"Duterte's 'stupid God' quip is his 'personal opinion' – spokesman"</a>. Al Jazeera. Retrieved June 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+%27stupid+God%27+quip+is+his+%27personal+opinion%27+%E2%80%93+spokesman&rft.date=2018-06-25&rft.aulast=Regencia&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2F06%2Fduterte-stupid-god-quip-personal-opinion-spokesman-180625082730103.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-597"><a href="#cite_ref-597">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaresca2017" class="citation news cs1">Maresca, Thomas (April 25, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170425200227/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2017/04/25/duterte-roman-catholic-church-philippines/100461312/">"Duterte's bloody drug war draws potent foe: Catholic church"</a>. <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2017/04/25/duterte-roman-catholic-church-philippines/100461312/">the original</a> on April 25, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+bloody+drug+war+draws+potent+foe%3A+Catholic+church&rft.date=2017-04-25&rft.aulast=Maresca&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2017%2F04%2F25%2Fduterte-roman-catholic-church-philippines%2F100461312%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-598"><a href="#cite_ref-598">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercado2021" class="citation news cs1">Mercado, Neil Arwin (November 19, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211119070956/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1517306/duterte-to-say-if-quiboloy-will-remain-as-spiritual-adviser-palace">"Duterte to say if Quiboloy will remain as spiritual adviser — Palace"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1517306/duterte-to-say-if-quiboloy-will-remain-as-spiritual-adviser-palace">the original</a> on November 19, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+to+say+if+Quiboloy+will+remain+as+spiritual+adviser+%E2%80%94+Palace&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft.aulast=Mercado&rft.aufirst=Neil+Arwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1517306%2Fduterte-to-say-if-quiboloy-will-remain-as-spiritual-adviser-palace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-599"><a href="#cite_ref-599">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTan2022" class="citation news cs1">Tan, Alyssa Nicole O. (April 4, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220524142339/https://www.bworldonline.com/the-nation/2022/04/04/440152/palace-dutertes-spiritual-adviser-can-defend-himself/">"Palace: Duterte's spiritual adviser can defend himself"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bworldonline.com/the-nation/2022/04/04/440152/palace-dutertes-spiritual-adviser-can-defend-himself/">the original</a> on May 24, 2022. Retrieved July 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=Palace%3A+Duterte%27s+spiritual+adviser+can+defend+himself&rft.date=2022-04-04&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=Alyssa+Nicole+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Fthe-nation%2F2022%2F04%2F04%2F440152%2Fpalace-dutertes-spiritual-adviser-can-defend-himself%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-600"><a href="#cite_ref-600">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTocmo2024" class="citation news cs1">Tocmo, Hernel (January 7, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241014040007/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/01/07/24/duterte-claims-he-now-attends-3-masses-on-sundays">"Church critic Duterte claims he now attends 3 Masses on Sundays"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/01/07/24/duterte-claims-he-now-attends-3-masses-on-sundays">the original</a> on October 14, 2024. Retrieved October 14, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Church+critic+Duterte+claims+he+now+attends+3+Masses+on+Sundays&rft.date=2024-01-07&rft.aulast=Tocmo&rft.aufirst=Hernel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F01%2F07%2F24%2Fduterte-claims-he-now-attends-3-masses-on-sundays&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-601"><a href="#cite_ref-601">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrialde2015" class="citation news cs1">Frialde, Mike (December 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2015/12/10/1531028/duterte-i-may-not-last-6-years-office">"Duterte: I may not last 6 years in office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Retrieved December 17, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte%3A+I+may+not+last+6+years+in+office&rft.date=2015-12-10&rft.aulast=Frialde&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2015%2F12%2F10%2F1531028%2Fduterte-i-may-not-last-6-years-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-602"><a href="#cite_ref-602">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/14/asia/duterte-philippines-davao-killings/">"Philippines President Duterte admits killing suspects"</a>. CNN. December 14, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Philippines+President+Duterte+admits+killing+suspects&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2016%2F12%2F14%2Fasia%2Fduterte-philippines-davao-killings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-603"><a href="#cite_ref-603">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-38337746">"Philippines: Duterte confirms he personally killed three men"</a>. BBC. December 16, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Philippines%3A+Duterte+confirms+he+personally+killed+three+men&rft.date=2016-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-38337746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-604"><a href="#cite_ref-604">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161005202611/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/duterte-s-shocking-shrewd/2761902.html">"Duterte's shocking, shrewd shot at the Philippine presidency"</a>. Channel NewsAsia. May 6, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/duterte-s-shocking-shrewd/2761902.html">the original</a> on October 5, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Channel+NewsAsia&rft.atitle=Duterte%27s+shocking%2C+shrewd+shot+at+the+Philippine+presidency&rft.date=2016-05-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fnews%2Fasiapacific%2Fduterte-s-shocking-shrewd%2F2761902.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-605"><a href="#cite_ref-605">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanada2015" class="citation news cs1">Ranada, Pia (November 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rappler.com/nation/politics/elections/2016/114416-rodrigo-duterte-womanizer">"Rodrigo Duterte: Yes, I'm a womanizer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a>. Retrieved July 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Rodrigo+Duterte%3A+Yes%2C+I%27m+a+womanizer&rft.date=2015-11-30&rft.aulast=Ranada&rft.aufirst=Pia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2Fpolitics%2Felections%2F2016%2F114416-rodrigo-duterte-womanizer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-606"><a href="#cite_ref-606">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamuels" class="citation news cs1">Samuels, Gabriel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/philippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-mental-health-psychological-condition-a7355891.html">"Philippines president Rodrigo Duterte mental health assessment reveals tendency to 'violate rights and feelings'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. Retrieved June 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Philippines+president+Rodrigo+Duterte+mental+health+assessment+reveals+tendency+to+%27violate+rights+and+feelings%27&rft.aulast=Samuels&rft.aufirst=Gabriel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fphilippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-mental-health-psychological-condition-a7355891.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-607"><a href="#cite_ref-607">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/philippine-president-duterte-says-he-has-muscle-disease-that-causes-eyelid-to-droop">"Philippine President Duterte says he has muscle disease that causes eyelid to droop"</a>. The Straits Times. October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Philippine+President+Duterte+says+he+has+muscle+disease+that+causes+eyelid+to+droop&rft.date=2019-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fasia%2Fse-asia%2Fphilippine-president-duterte-says-he-has-muscle-disease-that-causes-eyelid-to-droop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-608"><a href="#cite_ref-608">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregorio2019" class="citation news cs1">Gregorio, Xave (October 6, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191006081624/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/10/6/Rodrigo-Duterte-health-myasthenia-gravis.html">"Duterte reveals he has a neuromuscular disease"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/10/6/Rodrigo-Duterte-health-myasthenia-gravis.html">the original</a> on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=Duterte+reveals+he+has+a+neuromuscular+disease&rft.date=2019-10-06&rft.aulast=Gregorio&rft.aufirst=Xave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2F10%2F6%2FRodrigo-Duterte-health-myasthenia-gravis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-609"><a href="#cite_ref-609">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMateo2017" class="citation news cs1">Mateo, Janvic (April 20, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915201238/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/04/20/1687534/duterte-declines-honorary-doctorate">"Duterte declines UP honorary doctorate"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/04/20/1687534/duterte-declines-honorary-doctorate">the original</a> on September 15, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+declines+UP+honorary+doctorate&rft.date=2017-04-20&rft.aulast=Mateo&rft.aufirst=Janvic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2017%2F04%2F20%2F1687534%2Fduterte-declines-honorary-doctorate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-610"><a href="#cite_ref-610">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ptvnews.ph/pangulong-duterte-ginawaran-ng-honorary-doctorate-degree-sa-moscow/">"PRRD receives honorary doctorate from top Russian school"</a>. <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Television_Network" title="People's Television Network">PTVNews</a>. October 6, 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PTVNews&rft.atitle=PRRD+receives+honorary+doctorate+from+top+Russian+school&rft.date=2019-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fptvnews.ph%2Fpangulong-duterte-ginawaran-ng-honorary-doctorate-degree-sa-moscow%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-611"><a href="#cite_ref-611">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendez2019" class="citation news cs1">Mendez, Christina (October 8, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191008130305/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/10/08/1958366/russian-honorary-doctorate-duterte-preaches-about-climate-change">"With Russian honorary doctorate, Duterte preaches about climate change"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/10/08/1958366/russian-honorary-doctorate-duterte-preaches-about-climate-change">the original</a> on October 8, 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=With+Russian+honorary+doctorate%2C+Duterte+preaches+about+climate+change&rft.date=2019-10-08&rft.aulast=Mendez&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2019%2F10%2F08%2F1958366%2Frussian-honorary-doctorate-duterte-preaches-about-climate-change&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-612"><a href="#cite_ref-612">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231203085043/https://politics.com.ph/2023/11/29/51-years-later-san-beda-honors-rody-duterte-with-juris-doctor-degree/snitch-network/">"51 years later: San Beda honors Rody Duterte with Juris Doctor degree"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politiko" title="Politiko">Politiko</a>. November 29, 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politics.com.ph/2023/11/29/51-years-later-san-beda-honors-rody-duterte-with-juris-doctor-degree/snitch-network/">the original</a> on December 3, 2023. Retrieved December 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politiko&rft.atitle=51+years+later%3A+San+Beda+honors+Rody+Duterte+with+Juris+Doctor+degree&rft.date=2023-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpolitics.com.ph%2F2023%2F11%2F29%2F51-years-later-san-beda-honors-rody-duterte-with-juris-doctor-degree%2Fsnitch-network%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-613"><a href="#cite_ref-613">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColina2023" class="citation news cs1">Colina, Antonio IV (March 28, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230328153952/https://mb.com.ph/2023/3/28/davao-city-council-declares-march-28-as-duterte-day">"Davao City Council declares March 28 as Duterte Day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2023/3/28/davao-city-council-declares-march-28-as-duterte-day">the original</a> on March 28, 2023. Retrieved March 30, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Davao+City+Council+declares+March+28+as+Duterte+Day&rft.date=2023-03-28&rft.aulast=Colina&rft.aufirst=Antonio+IV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2023%2F3%2F28%2Fdavao-city-council-declares-march-28-as-duterte-day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-614"><a href="#cite_ref-614">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNawal" class="citation news cs1">Nawal, Allan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/874729/duterte-conferred-with-highest-knights-of-rizal-award">"Duterte conferred with highest Knights of Rizal award"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a>. Retrieved February 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Duterte+conferred+with+highest+Knights+of+Rizal+award&rft.aulast=Nawal&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F874729%2Fduterte-conferred-with-highest-knights-of-rizal-award&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-615"><a href="#cite_ref-615">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManahan2023" class="citation news cs1">Manahan, Job (June 8, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230608231949/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/06/08/23/duterte-skips-awards-promoting-ph-china-understanding">"Ex-President Duterte skips awards promoting 'PH-China understanding'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/06/08/23/duterte-skips-awards-promoting-ph-china-understanding">the original</a> on June 8, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Ex-President+Duterte+skips+awards+promoting+%27PH-China+understanding%27&rft.date=2023-06-08&rft.aulast=Manahan&rft.aufirst=Job&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F06%2F08%2F23%2Fduterte-skips-awards-promoting-ph-china-understanding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-616"><a href="#cite_ref-616">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2019/07/11/its-datuk-duterte-now-after-johor-sultan-philippine-leader-meetup/">"It's Datuk Duterte now after Johor Sultan, Philippine leader meet-up"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Star_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="The Star Online">The Star Online</a>. Retrieved July 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star+Online&rft.atitle=It%27s+Datuk+Duterte+now+after+Johor+Sultan%2C+Philippine+leader+meet-up&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com.my%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F2019%2F07%2F11%2Fits-datuk-duterte-now-after-johor-sultan-philippine-leader-meetup%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJuego2017" class="citation journal cs1">Juego, Bonn (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221201172711/https://www.asiamaior.org/files/Philippines-Juego_AM-2017.pdf">"The Philippines 2017: Duterte-led authoritarian populism and its liberal-democratic roots"</a> (PDF). Asia Maior; the Journal of the Italian Think Tank on Asia Founded by Giorgio Borsa in 1989. XXVIII. Viella s.r.l. & Associazione Asia Maior: 129–163. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2385-2526">2385-2526</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asiamaior.org/files/Philippines-Juego_AM-2017.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on December 1, 2022. Retrieved December 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Maior%3B+the+Journal+of+the+Italian+Think+Tank+on+Asia+Founded+by+Giorgio+Borsa+in+1989&rft.atitle=The+Philippines+2017%3A+Duterte-led+authoritarian+populism+and+its+liberal-democratic+roots&rft.volume=XXVIII&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E129-%3C%2Fspan%3E163&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=2385-2526&rft.aulast=Juego&rft.aufirst=Bonn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asiamaior.org%2Ffiles%2FPhilippines-Juego_AM-2017.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160310043457/http://eyeforaneye.vice.com/editorial/the-punisher">"The Punisher"</a>. Eye for an Eye. (<a href="/wiki/Vice_(magazine)" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice</a>) Bethesda Softworks LLC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eyeforaneye.vice.com/editorial/the-punisher">the original</a> on March 10, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eye+for+an+Eye&rft.atitle=The+Punisher&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feyeforaneye.vice.com%2Feditorial%2Fthe-punisher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARodrigo+Duterte" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/05MANILA312_a.html">MORE VIGILANTE-STYLE KILLINGS REPORTED IN DAVAO CITY</a> Leaked US cable, January 20, 2005</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/09MANILA1002_a.html">DAVAO OFFICIALS DENY VIGILANTE KILLINGS, BUT HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION BLAMES MAYOR</a> Leaked cable to US Secretary of State, May 8, 2009</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://president.gov.ph/">100 Days of Change: President Rodrigo Duterte</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120705235049/http://president.gov.ph/">Archived</a> July 5, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Offices_and_distinctions91" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Offices_and_distinctions91" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Offices and distinctions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Cornelio Maskariño</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Vice_Mayor_of_Davao_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Mayor of Davao City">Vice Mayor of Davao City</a> Officer in Charge 1986–1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Gilbert Abellera</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Jacinto Rubillar</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">Mayor of Davao City</a> 1988–1998 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Benjamin de Guzman</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Benjamin de Guzman</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">Mayor of Davao City</a> 2001–2010 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Vice_Mayor_of_Davao_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Mayor of Davao City">Vice Mayor of Davao City</a> 2010–2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Duterte" title="Paolo Duterte">Paolo Duterte</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">Mayor of Davao City</a> 2013–2016 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a> 2016–2022 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">House of Representatives of the Philippines</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Prospero_Nograles" title="Prospero Nograles">Prospero Nograles</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">Philippine House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 1st congressional district">1st</a> district 1998–2001 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Prospero_Nograles" title="Prospero Nograles">Prospero Nograles</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ismael_Sueno" title="Ismael Sueno">Ismael Sueno</a></div>as Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">PDP–Laban</a> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">Partido Demokratiko Pilipino</a> 2016–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Incumbent </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Vacant<div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">PDP–Laban</a> nominee for President of the Philippines <a href="/wiki/2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2016 Philippine presidential election">2016</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Most recent <a href="/wiki/Ronald_dela_Rosa" title="Ronald dela Rosa">Ronald dela Rosa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a> withdrew <a href="/wiki/Ronald_dela_Rosa_and_Bong_Go_2022_presidential_campaigns" title="Ronald dela Rosa and Bong Go 2022 presidential campaigns">candidacies</a> ahead of <a href="/wiki/2022_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2022 Philippine presidential election">2022 election</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Positions in intergovernmental organisations </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bounnhang_Vorachith" class="mw-redirect" title="Bounnhang Vorachith">Bounnhang Vorachith</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chairperson of <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">ASEAN</a> 2017 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Lee_Hsien_Loong" title="Lee Hsien Loong">Lee Hsien Loong</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;">Order of precedence </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a></div>as Former President </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Philippine_order_of_precedence" title="Philippine order of precedence">Order of Precedence of the Philippines</a> as Former President </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Escudero" title="Francis Escudero">Francis Escudero</a></div>as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Senate of the Philippines">Senate President</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rodrigo_Duterte1261" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Template:Rodrigo Duterte"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Template talk:Rodrigo Duterte"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rodrigo Duterte"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rodrigo_Duterte1261" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rodrigo Duterte</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="List of presidents of the Philippines">16th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a> (2016–2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">Mayor of Davao City</a> (2013–2016, 2001–2010, 1988–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 1st congressional district">Davao City 1st district Congressman</a> (1998–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Mayor_of_Davao_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Mayor of Davao City">Vice Mayor of Davao City</a> (2010–2013, 1986–1987 (<a href="/wiki/Officer_in_Charge_(Philippines)" title="Officer in Charge (Philippines)">OIC</a>))</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidential transition of Rodrigo Duterte">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Inauguration of Rodrigo Duterte">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_presidency" title="First 100 days of Rodrigo Duterte's presidency">First 100 days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_administration_members_in_the_presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of administration members in the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Administration and cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_orders_by_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of executive orders by Rodrigo Duterte">Executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of international presidential trips made by Rodrigo Duterte">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_the_Rodrigo_Duterte_presidency" title="Opinion polling on the Rodrigo Duterte presidency">Polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Efforts to impeach Rodrigo Duterte">Impeachment efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Protests against Rodrigo Duterte">Protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_protests_against_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Timeline of protests against Rodrigo Duterte">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_during_the_State_of_the_Nation_Addresses_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Protests during the State of the Nation Addresses of Rodrigo Duterte">SONA protests</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte">Policies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">War on Drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_and_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Federalism and Rodrigo Duterte">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9-1-1_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="9-1-1 (Philippines)">9-1-1</a> and <a href="/wiki/8888_(Philippines)" title="8888 (Philippines)">8888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuterteNomics" class="mw-redirect" title="DuterteNomics">DuterteNomics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Build!_Build!_Build!" title="Build! Build! Build!">Build! Build! Build!</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines_v._China" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippines v. China">Philippines v. China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Order_(Philippines)" title="Freedom of Information Order (Philippines)">Freedom of Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFP_Modernization_Act" title="AFP Modernization Act">AFP modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_government_in_the_Philippines" title="Revolutionary government in the Philippines">Revolutionary government proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Executive_Order_10" title="Philippine Executive Order 10">Executive Order 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_smoking_ban_order_(Philippines)" title="Nationwide smoking ban order (Philippines)">Executive Order 26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Burial of Ferdinand Marcos">Burial of Ferdinand Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_No._55" title="Proclamation No. 55">Proclamation No. 55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_No._216" title="Proclamation No. 216">Proclamation No. 216</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines#K–12_(2012–present)" title="Education in the Philippines">K-12 implementation process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_of_Marawi" title="Rehabilitation of Marawi">Marawi rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_ASEAN_Summits" title="2017 ASEAN Summits">2017 ASEAN Summits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Utility_Vehicle_Modernization_Program" title="Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program">Public Utility Vehicle modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Boracay_closure_and_redevelopment" title="2018 Boracay closure and redevelopment">Boracay rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict" title="National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict">NTF-ELCAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Kuwait%E2%80%93Philippines_diplomatic_crisis" title="2018 Kuwait–Philippines diplomatic crisis">Repatriation of Kuwait OFWs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Philippines_waste_dispute" title="Canada–Philippines waste dispute">Canadian waste repatriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_parties_to_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court#Withdrawal" class="mw-redirect" title="States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">ICC withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Bay#Rehabilitation" title="Manila Bay">Manila Bay rehabilitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Dolomite_Beach" title="Manila Dolomite Beach">Manila Dolomite Beach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines">community quarantines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines">vaccination programme</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balik_Probinsya" title="Balik Probinsya">Balik Probinsya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_major_acts_and_legislation_during_the_presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of major acts and legislation during the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Legislation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Distracted_Driving_Act" title="Anti-Distracted Driving Act">Anti-Distracted Driving Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_Philippines" title="Internet in the Philippines">Free Internet Access in Public Places Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Access_to_Quality_Tertiary_Education_Act" title="Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act">Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Reform_for_Acceleration_and_Inclusion_Law" title="Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law">TRAIN Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ease_of_doing_business_index" title="Ease of doing business index">Ease of Doing Business Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_health_in_the_Philippines" title="Mental health in the Philippines">Mental Health Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines" title="List of protected areas of the Philippines">E-NIPAS Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_national_identity_card" title="Philippine national identity card">Philippine Identification System Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_the_Philippines" title="HIV/AIDS in the Philippines">Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Human_Settlements_and_Urban_Development" title="Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development">DHSUD Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_production_in_the_Philippines" title="Rice production in the Philippines">Rice Tariffication Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care">Universal Health Care Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_Philippines" title="Poverty in the Philippines">Magna Carta of the Poor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantawid_Pamilyang_Pilipino_Program" title="Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program">4Ps Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community-based_monitoring" title="Community-based monitoring">Community-Based Monitoring System Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Philippines" title="Agriculture in the Philippines">Sagip Saka Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Space_Agency" title="Philippine Space Agency">Philippine Space Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_education" title="International education">Transnational Higher Education Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malasakit_Center" title="Malasakit Center">Malasakit Centers Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayanihan_to_Heal_as_One_Act" title="Bayanihan to Heal as One Act">Bayanihan to Heal as One Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sports_(Philippines)" title="National Academy of Sports (Philippines)">National Academy of Sports Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020" title="Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020">Anti-Terrorism Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayanihan_to_Recover_as_One_Act" title="Bayanihan to Recover as One Act">Bayanihan to Recover as One Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Learning_System_(Philippines)" title="Alternative Learning System (Philippines)">Alternative Learning System Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Fire_Protection" title="Bureau of Fire Protection">BFP Modernization Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Migrant_Workers" title="Department of Migrant Workers">Department of Migrant Workers Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Service_Act" title="Public Service Act">Amendments to the Public Service Act</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">State of the Nation Address</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2016 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2017 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2018 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2019 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2020 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2021 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_August_7,_2016,_speech" title="Rodrigo Duterte's August 7, 2016, speech">August 7, 2016 speech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_(cropped_portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/135px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/203px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/270px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="823" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Philippine_local_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 Philippine local election">1988 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Philippine_general_election" title="1998 Philippine general election">1998 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Philippine_general_election" title="2001 Philippine general election">2001 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_general_election" title="2010 Philippine general election">2010 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Philippine_general_election" title="2013 Philippine general election">2013 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2016 Philippine presidential election">2016 presidential</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rodrigo Duterte 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Philippine_general_election" title="2019 Philippine general election">2019 general</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Duterte" title="Vicente Duterte">Vicente Duterte</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soledad_Duterte" title="Soledad Duterte">Soledad Duterte</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Zimmerman" title="Elizabeth Zimmerman">Elizabeth Zimmerman</a> (former wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeylet_Avance%C3%B1a" title="Honeylet Avanceña">Honeylet Avanceña</a> (common-law wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Duterte" title="Paolo Duterte">Paolo Duterte</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Duterte" title="Sebastian Duterte">Sebastian Duterte</a> (son)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/17th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="17th Congress of the Philippines">17th Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="18th Congress of the Philippines">18th Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_Change_(Philippines)" title="Coalition for Change (Philippines)">Coalition For Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugpong_ng_Pagbabago" title="Hugpong ng Pagbabago">Hugpong ng Pagbabago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugpong_sa_Tawong_Lungsod" title="Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod">Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Death_Squad" title="Davao Death Squad">Davao Death Squad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diehard_Duterte_Supporters" title="Diehard Duterte Supporters">Diehard Duterte Supporters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duterte_fist" title="Duterte fist">Duterte fist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duterte_Youth" title="Duterte Youth">Duterte Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mocha_Uson_Blog" title="Mocha Uson Blog">Mocha Uson Blog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula_sa_Masa,_Para_sa_Masa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mula sa Masa, Para sa Masa">Mula sa Masa, Para sa Masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">Partido Demokratiko Pilipino</a></li> <li>Controversies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_the_Philippines" title="International Criminal Court investigation in the Philippines">International Criminal Court case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dengvaxia_controversy" title="Dengvaxia controversy">Dengvaxia controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_conduct_time_allowance_controversy" title="Good conduct time allowance controversy">Good conduct time allowance controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shutdown_of_ABS-CBN_broadcasting" title="Shutdown of ABS-CBN broadcasting">Shutdown of ABS-CBN broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PhilHealth#Fraud_and_controversies" class="mw-redirect" title="PhilHealth">PhilHealth controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmally_scandal" title="Pharmally scandal">Pharmally scandal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Domestic incidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Marawi" title="Siege of Marawi">Siege of Marawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Mangkhut" title="Typhoon Mangkhut">Mangkhut (Ompong)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quo_warranto_petition_against_Maria_Lourdes_Sereno" title="Quo warranto petition against Maria Lourdes Sereno">Republic v. Sereno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_crisis_in_Metro_Manila" title="Water crisis in Metro Manila">Water crisis in Metro Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Southeast_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Southeast Asian Games">30th Southeast Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Reed_Bank_incident" title="2019 Reed Bank incident">2019 Reed Bank incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_Taal_Volcano_eruptions" title="2020–2022 Taal Volcano eruptions">2020–2022 Taal Volcano eruptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-tagging_in_the_Philippines" title="Red-tagging in the Philippines">Red-tagging incidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Goni" title="Typhoon Goni">Goni (Rolly)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Vamco" title="Typhoon Vamco">Vamco (Ulysses)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Rai" title="Typhoon Rai">Rai (Odette)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Megi" title="Tropical Storm Megi">Megi (Agaton)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">← Benigno Aquino III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jejomar_Binay" title="Jejomar Binay">← Jejomar Binay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leni_Robredo" title="Leni Robredo">Leni Robredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Category:Rodrigo Duterte">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rodrigo_Duterte" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Rodrigo Duterte">Commons</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/16px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/24px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457786" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q457786">Wikidata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikisource page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Rodrigo_Roa_Duterte" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Rodrigo Roa Duterte">Wikisource</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Rodrigo Duterte">Wikiquote</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_related_to_Rodrigo_Duterte102" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_related_to_Rodrigo_Duterte102" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles related to Rodrigo Duterte</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Philippines1019" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:Presidents of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:Presidents of the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_Philippines1019" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">Presidents of the Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Republic</a> (1899–1901)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Commonwealth</a> (1935–1946)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_L._Quezon" title="Manuel L. Quezon">Manuel L. Quezon</a> (1935–1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Osme%C3%B1a" title="Sergio Osmeña">Sergio Osmeña</a> (1944–1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Roxas" title="Manuel Roxas">Manuel Roxas</a> (1946)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Second Republic</a> (1943–1945)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jose_P._Laurel" title="Jose P. Laurel">Jose P. Laurel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1946%E2%80%931965)" title="History of the Philippines (1946–1965)">Third Republic</a> (1946–1973)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Roxas" title="Manuel Roxas">Manuel Roxas</a> (1946–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elpidio_Quirino" title="Elpidio Quirino">Elpidio Quirino</a> (1948–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay" title="Ramon Magsaysay">Ramon Magsaysay</a> (1953–1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_P._Garcia" title="Carlos P. Garcia">Carlos P. Garcia</a> (1957–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagal" title="Diosdado Macapagal">Diosdado Macapagal</a> (1961–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_presidency_of_Ferdinand_Marcos#First_and_second_terms,_and_antecedent_events_(1965–1972_and_earlier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos">1965–1973</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Martial law era</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_presidency_of_Ferdinand_Marcos#Martial_law_period_(September_1972_–_January_1981)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos">1973–1981</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Fourth Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_presidency_of_Ferdinand_Marcos#"Fourth_Republic"_period_(January_1981_–_February_1986" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos">1981–1986</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> (1981–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> (1986)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1986%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Philippines (1986–present)">Fifth Republic</a> (1986–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Corazon_Aquino" title="Presidency of Corazon Aquino">1986–1992</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_V._Ramos" title="Fidel V. Ramos">Fidel V. Ramos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Fidel_V._Ramos" title="Presidency of Fidel V. Ramos">1992–1998</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Estrada" title="Joseph Estrada">Joseph Estrada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Joseph_Estrada" title="Presidency of Joseph Estrada">1998–2001</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">2001–2010</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Presidency of Benigno Aquino III">2010–2016</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rodrigo Duterte</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">2016–2022</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bongbong_Marcos" title="Presidency of Bongbong Marcos">2022–present</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:Presidents of the Philippines">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="List of presidents of the Philippines">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_(2016–2022)394" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Duterte_Cabinet" title="Template:Duterte Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Duterte_Cabinet" title="Template talk:Duterte Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Duterte_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Duterte Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_Rodrigo_Duterte_(2016–2022)394" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_administration_members_in_the_presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of administration members in the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rodrigo Duterte</a> (2016–2022)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet1673" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Philippines#Cabinet_and_Cabinet-level_officials" title="Cabinet of the Philippines">Cabinet</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Secretary_(Philippines)" title="Executive Secretary (Philippines)">Executive Secretary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Medialdea" title="Salvador Medialdea">Salvador Medialdea</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="23" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="749" data-file-height="1037" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Agrarian_Reform" title="Department of Agrarian Reform">Secretary of Agrarian Reform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_V._Mariano" title="Rafael V. Mariano">Rafael V. Mariano</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li>Rosalina Bistoyong* (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Castriciones" title="John Castriciones">John Castriciones</a> (2017–2021)</li> <li>Bernie Cruz* (2021–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Agriculture_(Philippines)" title="Department of Agriculture (Philippines)">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Pi%C3%B1ol" title="Emmanuel Piñol">Emmanuel Piñol</a> (2016–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dar" title="William Dar">William Dar</a> (2019–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Budget_and_Management" title="Department of Budget and Management">Secretary of Budget and Management</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Diokno" title="Benjamin Diokno">Benjamin Diokno</a> (2016–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Abuel" title="Janet Abuel">Janet Abuel</a>* (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendel_Avisado" title="Wendel Avisado">Wendel Avisado</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li>Tina Rose Marie Canda* (2021–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Education_(Philippines)" title="Department of Education (Philippines)">Secretary of Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonor_Briones" title="Leonor Briones">Leonor Briones</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Energy_(Philippines)" title="Department of Energy (Philippines)">Secretary of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cusi" title="Alfonso Cusi">Alfonso Cusi</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Environment_and_Natural_Resources_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Philippines)">Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gina_Lopez" title="Gina Lopez">Gina Lopez</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Cimatu" title="Roy Cimatu">Roy Cimatu</a> (2017–2022)</li> <li>Jim Sampluna* (2022)</li> <li>Joselin Marcus E. Fragada* (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Finance_(Philippines)" title="Department of Finance (Philippines)">Secretary of Finance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Dominguez_III" title="Carlos Dominguez III">Carlos Dominguez III</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Philippines)" title="Department of Foreign Affairs (Philippines)">Secretary of Foreign Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perfecto_Yasay_Jr." title="Perfecto Yasay Jr.">Perfecto Yasay Jr.</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Manalo" title="Enrique Manalo">Enrique Manalo</a>* (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Peter_Cayetano" title="Alan Peter Cayetano">Alan Peter Cayetano</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teodoro_Locsin_Jr." title="Teodoro Locsin Jr.">Teodoro Locsin Jr.</a> (2018–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_(Philippines)" title="Department of Health (Philippines)">Secretary of Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paulyn_Ubial" title="Paulyn Ubial">Paulyn Ubial</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li>Herminigildo Valle* (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Duque" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Duque">Francisco Duque</a> (2017–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Human_Settlements_and_Urban_Development" title="Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development">Secretary of Human Settlements and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_del_Rosario" title="Eduardo del Rosario">Eduardo del Rosario</a> (2020–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Information_and_Communications_Technology_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Information and Communications Technology (Philippines)">Secretary of Information and Communications Technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Salalima" title="Rodolfo Salalima">Rodolfo Salalima</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliseo_Rio_Jr." title="Eliseo Rio Jr.">Eliseo Rio Jr.</a>* (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Honasan" title="Gregorio Honasan">Gregorio Honasan</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li>Jose Arturo De Castro* (2021)</li> <li>Emmanuel Rey Caintic* (2021–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_(Philippines)" title="Department of Justice (Philippines)">Secretary of Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitaliano_Aguirre_II" title="Vitaliano Aguirre II">Vitaliano Aguirre II</a> (2016–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menardo_Guevarra" title="Menardo Guevarra">Menardo Guevarra</a> (2018–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Labor_and_Employment_(Philippines)" title="Department of Labor and Employment (Philippines)">Secretary of Labor and Employment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Bello_III" title="Silvestre Bello III">Silvestre Bello III</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Migrant_Workers_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Migrant Workers (Philippines)">Secretary of Migrant Workers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Mama-o" title="Abdullah Mama-o">Abdullah Mama-o</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defense_(Philippines)" title="Department of National Defense (Philippines)">Secretary of National Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delfin_Lorenzana" title="Delfin Lorenzana">Delfin Lorenzana</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Public_Works_and_Highways" title="Department of Public Works and Highways">Secretary of Public Works and Highways</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Yabut" title="Rafael Yabut">Rafael Yabut</a>* (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Villar" title="Mark Villar">Mark Villar</a> (2016–2021)</li> <li>Roger Mercado* (2021–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Science_and_Technology_(Philippines)" title="Department of Science and Technology (Philippines)">Secretary of Science and Technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortunato_de_la_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Fortunato de la Peña">Fortunato de la Peña</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Social_Welfare_and_Development_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Social Welfare and Development (Philippines)">Secretary of Social Welfare and Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Taguiwalo" title="Judy Taguiwalo">Judy Taguiwalo</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li>Emmanuel Leyco* (2017)</li> <li>Virginia Orogo* (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolando_Joselito_Bautista" title="Rolando Joselito Bautista">Rolando Joselito Bautista</a> (2018–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Interior_and_Local_Government" title="Department of the Interior and Local Government">Secretary of Interior and Local Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ismael_Sueno" title="Ismael Sueno">Ismael Sueno</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalino_Cuy" title="Catalino Cuy">Catalino Cuy</a>* (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_A%C3%B1o" title="Eduardo Año">Eduardo Año</a> (2018–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Trade_and_Industry_(Philippines)" title="Department of Trade and Industry (Philippines)">Secretary of Trade and Industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramon_Lopez_(businessman)" title="Ramon Lopez (businessman)">Ramon Lopez</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Transportation_(Philippines)" title="Department of Transportation (Philippines)">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Tugade" title="Arthur Tugade">Arthur Tugade</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Tourism_(Philippines)" title="Department of Tourism (Philippines)">Secretary of Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wanda_Tulfo_Teo" title="Wanda Tulfo Teo">Wanda Tulfo Teo</a> (2016–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Romulo-Puyat" title="Bernadette Romulo-Puyat">Bernadette Romulo-Puyat</a> (2018–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet-level998" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Philippines#Officials_with_Cabinet-level_rank" title="Cabinet of the Philippines">Cabinet-level</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Vice President of the Philippines">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leni_Robredo" title="Leni Robredo">Leni Robredo</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png/100px-Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png/150px-Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png/200px-Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="411" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Communications_Group_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Communications Group (Philippines)">Presidential Spokesperson</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Abella" title="Ernesto Abella">Ernesto Abella</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Roque" title="Harry Roque">Harry Roque</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Panelo" title="Salvador Panelo">Salvador Panelo</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Roque" title="Harry Roque">Harry Roque</a> (2018–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlo_Nograles" title="Karlo Nograles">Karlo Alexie Nograles</a>* (2020–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Andanar" title="Martin Andanar">Martin Andanar</a>* (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Management_Staff_(Philippines)" title="Presidential Management Staff (Philippines)">Presidential Management Staff Director-General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a> (2016–2018)</li> <li>Ferdinand Cui Jr.* (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Melchor_Quitain" title="Jesus Melchor Quitain">Jesus Melchor Quitain</a> (2018–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Philippines)" title="National Security Council (Philippines)">Presidential Adviser on National Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermogenes_Esperon" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermogenes Esperon">Hermogenes Esperon</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Communications_Group_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Communications Group (Philippines)">Secretary of Presidential Communications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Andanar" title="Martin Andanar">Martin Andanar</a> (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (Philippines)">Chairman of the Joint Chiefs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Visaya" title="Ricardo Visaya">Ricardo Visaya</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_A%C3%B1o" title="Eduardo Año">Eduardo Año</a> (2016–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rey_Leonardo_Guerrero" title="Rey Leonardo Guerrero">Rey Leonardo Guerrero</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlito_Galvez_Jr." title="Carlito Galvez Jr.">Carlito Galvez Jr.</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Madrigal_Jr." title="Benjamin Madrigal Jr.">Benjamin Madrigal Jr.</a> (2018–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Clement" title="Noel Clement">Noel Clement</a> (2019–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felimon_Santos_Jr." title="Felimon Santos Jr.">Felimon Santos Jr.</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Gapay" title="Gilbert Gapay">Gilbert Gapay</a> (2020–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirilito_Sobejana" title="Cirilito Sobejana">Cirilito Sobejana</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Faustino_Jr." title="Jose Faustino Jr.">Jose Faustino Jr.</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andres_Centino" title="Andres Centino">Andres Centino</a> (2021–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Economic_and_Development_Authority" title="National Economic and Development Authority">National Economic and Development Authority Director-General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Pernia" title="Ernesto Pernia">Ernesto Pernia</a> (2016–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kendrick_Chua" title="Karl Kendrick Chua">Karl Kendrick Chua</a> (2020–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Presidential_Adviser_on_the_Peace_Process" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process">Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Dureza" title="Jesus Dureza">Jesus Dureza</a> (2016–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlito_Galvez_Jr." title="Carlito Galvez Jr.">Carlito Galvez Jr.</a> (2018–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Secretary_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet Secretary (Philippines)">Secretary to the Cabinet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leoncio_Evasco_Jr." title="Leoncio Evasco Jr.">Leoncio Evasco Jr.</a> (2016–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlo_Nograles" title="Karlo Nograles">Karlo Nograles</a> (2018–2022)</li> <li>Melvin Maibag* (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential Assistant for the Visayas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Michael Lloyd Dino (2016–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chief Presidential Legal Counsel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Panelo" title="Salvador Panelo">Salvador Panelo</a> (2016–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Melchor_Quitain" title="Jesus Melchor Quitain">Jesus Melchor Quitain</a> (2021–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Anti-Poverty_Commission_(Philippines)" title="National Anti-Poverty Commission (Philippines)">Lead Convenor of National Anti-Poverty Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liza_Maza" title="Liza Maza">Liza Maza</a> (2016–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Felongco" title="Noel Felongco">Noel Felongco</a> (2018–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>*as Acting Secretary <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidential transition of Rodrigo Duterte">Presidential transition of Rodrigo Duterte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Candidates_in_the_2016_Philippine_presidential_election182" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Candidates_in_the_2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="Template:Candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Candidates_in_the_2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="Template talk:Candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates_in_the_2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Candidates_in_the_2016_Philippine_presidential_election182" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_candidates_in_the_2016_Philippine_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="List of candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election">Candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#EEEEEE; color::#888; text-align:center;">Presidential candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rodrigo Duterte</a> (<a href="/wiki/PDP-Laban" class="mw-redirect" title="PDP-Laban">PDP-Laban</a>) (<a href="/wiki/2016_Rodrigo_Duterte_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Rodrigo Duterte presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Roxas" title="Mar Roxas">Mar Roxas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal</a>) (<a href="/wiki/2016_Mar_Roxas_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Mar Roxas presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Poe" title="Grace Poe">Grace Poe</a> (Independent) (<a href="/wiki/2016_Grace_Poe_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Grace Poe presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jejomar_Binay" title="Jejomar Binay">Jejomar Binay</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance" title="United Nationalist Alliance">UNA</a>) (<a href="/wiki/2016_Jejomar_Binay_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Jejomar Binay presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Defensor_Santiago" title="Miriam Defensor Santiago">Miriam Defensor Santiago</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Reform_Party" title="People's Reform Party">PRP</a>) (<a href="/wiki/2016_Miriam_Defensor_Santiago_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Miriam Defensor Santiago presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Withdrew</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Se%C3%B1eres" title="Roy Señeres">Roy Señeres</a>† (<a href="/wiki/Partido_ng_Manggagawa_at_Magsasaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka">PMM</a>) (<a href="/wiki/2016_Roy_Se%C3%B1eres_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Roy Señeres presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#EEEEEE; color::#888; text-align:center;">Vice presidential candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leni_Robredo" title="Leni Robredo">Leni Robredo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> (Independent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Peter_Cayetano" title="Alan Peter Cayetano">Alan Peter Cayetano</a> (Independent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Escudero" title="Francis Escudero">Francis Escudero</a> (Independent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Trillanes" title="Antonio Trillanes">Antonio Trillanes IV</a> (Independent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Honasan" title="Gregorio Honasan">Gregorio Honasan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance" title="United Nationalist Alliance">UNA</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Philippines" title="Portal:Philippines">Philippines</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">Rodrigo Duterte at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rodrigo_Duterte" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Rodrigo Duterte">Media</a> from Commons</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" class="extiw" title="q:Rodrigo Duterte">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/28px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/36px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Rodrigo_Duterte" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Rodrigo Duterte">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457786" class="extiw" title="d:Q457786">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457786#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1338" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457786#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1338" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457786#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000049605829X">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/105146937702613830629">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1983595/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJbCGq76KvWmDPpk3RYwYP">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1111898847">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2017226501">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/001254966">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810678139205606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007966262605171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/1111898847">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/224748327">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&oldid=1277741130">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&oldid=1277741130</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Category:Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1945_births" title="Category:1945 births">1945 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Filipino_lawyers" title="Category:20th-century Filipino lawyers">20th-century Filipino lawyers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Filipino_lawyers" title="Category:21st-century Filipino lawyers">21st-century Filipino lawyers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Filipino_politicians" title="Category:20th-century Filipino politicians">20th-century Filipino politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Filipino_politicians" title="Category:21st-century Filipino politicians">21st-century Filipino politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ateneo_de_Davao_University_alumni" title="Category:Ateneo de Davao University alumni">Ateneo de Davao University alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Candidates_in_the_2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="Category:Candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election">Candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Critics_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Category:Critics of the Catholic Church">Critics of the Catholic Church</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Filipino_nationalists" title="Category:Filipino nationalists">Filipino nationalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Filipino_anti-communists" title="Category:Filipino anti-communists">Filipino anti-communists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Filipino_politicians_of_Chinese_descent" title="Category:Filipino politicians of Chinese descent">Filipino politicians of Chinese descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_Roman_Catholics" title="Category:Former Roman Catholics">Former Roman Catholics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Left-wing_populists" title="Category:Left-wing populists">Left-wing populists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lyceum_of_the_Philippines_University_alumni" title="Category:Lyceum of the Philippines University alumni">Lyceum of the Philippines University alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mayors_of_places_in_Davao_del_Sur" title="Category:Mayors of places in Davao del Sur">Mayors of places in Davao del Sur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_from_Davao_City" title="Category:Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Davao City">Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Davao City</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino_politicians" title="Category:Partido Demokratiko Pilipino politicians">Partido Demokratiko Pilipino politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_Davao_del_Sur" title="Category:Politicians from Davao del Sur">Politicians from Davao del Sur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_the_Philippine_drug_war" title="Category:People of the Philippine drug war">People of the Philippine drug war</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_self-identified_as_ex-gay" title="Category:People self-identified as ex-gay">People self-identified as ex-gay</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_with_antisocial_personality_disorder" title="Category:People with antisocial personality disorder">People with antisocial personality disorder</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:Presidents of the Philippines">Presidents of the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:San_Beda_University_alumni" title="Category:San Beda University alumni">San Beda University alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Visayan_people" title="Category:Visayan people">Visayan people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nacionalista_Party_politicians" title="Category:Nacionalista Party politicians">Nacionalista Party politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Liberal_Party_(Philippines)_politicians" title="Category:Liberal Party (Philippines) politicians">Liberal Party (Philippines) politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mayors_of_Davao_City" title="Category:Mayors of Davao City">Mayors of Davao City</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_foreign_language_sources_(ISO_639-2)" title="Category:CS1 foreign language sources (ISO 639-2)">CS1 foreign language sources (ISO 639-2)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_indefinitely_move-protected_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages">Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_indefinitely_semi-protected_biographies_of_living_people" title="Category:Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people">Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Philippine_English_from_January_2021" title="Category:Use Philippine English from January 2021">Use Philippine English from January 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Philippine_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Philippine English">All Wikipedia articles written in Philippine English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_November_2024" title="Category:Use mdy dates from November 2024">Use mdy dates from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hAudio_microformats" title="Category:Articles with hAudio microformats">Articles with hAudio microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Template:Post-nominals_with_customized_linking" title="Category:Pages using Template:Post-nominals with customized linking">Pages using Template:Post-nominals with customized linking</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Filipino_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Filipino IPA">Pages with Filipino IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations" title="Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations">Pages including recorded pronunciations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Filipino-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Filipino-language text">Articles containing Filipino-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_excerpts" title="Category:Articles with excerpts">Articles with excerpts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Cebuano-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Cebuano-language text">Articles containing Cebuano-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_wikidata_mismatch" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch">Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata">Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 February 2025, at 12:54 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Duterte&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"> Search </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >Rodrigo Duterte</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 93 languages </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6cc877bdc-qlbtx","wgBackendResponseTime":194,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"5.694","walltime":"6.277","ppvisitednodes":{"value":50777,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1556736,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":102997,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":48,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":2344345,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 5457.435 1 -total"," 61.55% 3359.062 2 Template:Reflist"," 49.73% 2713.877 554 Template:Cite_news"," 9.33% 509.341 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder"," 4.97% 271.042 2 Template:Navboxes"," 3.69% 201.610 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office"," 2.80% 153.008 2 Template:Excerpt"," 2.16% 117.633 1 Template:IPA"," 2.04% 111.410 47 Template:Main_other"," 1.93% 105.514 1 Template:Rodrigo_Duterte_sidebar"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"3.739","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":27891023,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","660","17.5"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","380","10.1"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","320","8.5"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","280","7.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","220","5.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","200","5.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","140","3.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::preprocess","120","3.2"],["makeCheckSelfFunction \u003ClibraryUtil.lua:59\u003E","100","2.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::plain","100","2.6"],["[others]","1260","33.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6cc877bdc-7jvrb","timestamp":"20250226125435","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Rodrigo Duterte","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rodrigo_Duterte","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q457786","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q457786","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-10-12T10:17:45Z","dateModified":"2025-02-26T12:54:21Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/5e\/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg","headline":"President of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022"}</script> </body> </html>