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The lion logo (right) represents San Beda University.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">September 29, 1969<span class="noprint">; 55 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1969-09-29</span>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/San_Beda_University" title="San Beda University">San Beda University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Professional_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Professional fraternities and sororities">Professional</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data">Independent</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Emphasis</th><td class="infobox-data">Law</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Scope</th><td class="infobox-data">National (PH)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">Loyalty, Service, Excellence, Superiority</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#000000; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Black" title="Black">Black</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF0000; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">Red</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F7B512; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">Gold</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Chapters</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nickname</th><td class="infobox-data">Lex Talionis</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="street-address"><a href="/wiki/San_Beda_University" title="San Beda University">San Beda University</a></span><br /><span class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a></span><br /> <span class="country-name">Philippines</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lex Talionis Fraternitas, Inc. (Sodalitas Ducum Futurorum)</b>, commonly known as <b>Lex Talionis</b>, is a fraternal organization of Filipino jurists, legal practitioners, and law students. It was founded on September 29, 1969 at the <a href="/wiki/San_Beda_College_of_Law" title="San Beda College of Law">San Beda College of Law</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The Lex Talionis Fraternitas was founded on September 29, 1969 by 35 students of the San Beda College of Law.</p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Founders_of_Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Founders_of_Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas.jpg/220px-Founders_of_Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Founders_of_Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas.jpg/330px-Founders_of_Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Founders_of_Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas.jpg/440px-Founders_of_Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="971" /></a><figcaption>Some of the founders of Lex Talionis Fraternitas. c. 2020</figcaption></figure> <p>Policarpio Martinez and six other founders were requested to write the draft of the fraternity's constitution and by-laws. After a brief debate, the founders approved the document and sealed it with a sprinkling of beer in the afternoon of September 28, 1969 at the members' favorite bar near San Beda. Martinez was also tasked to take custody of the document. </p><p>One of the salient features of the constitution and by-laws was the Troika. It was decreed that the fraternity be ruled by a triumvirate of Grand Judexes. Miguel Soriano, Rizal Guerrero, and Jose Mendoza were unanimously elected and proclaimed as the first Grand Judexes of the Troika of the Lex Talionis Fraternitas. After a year, the triumvirate of Grand Judexes decided to scrap the constitution and by-laws. They also abolished the Troika for faster and easier manageability of the fraternity. Their decision was overwhelmingly endorsed by the members in a meeting called for the purpose. Since then, only a single Grand Judex has been elected for a fixed term.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, a chapter in Davao City was founded by Joel Babista, <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a>, and Alberto Sipaco Jr. in Ateneo de Davao College of Law. The three are also known as the "Triumvirate."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From then on, another Grand Judex was periodically elected by the members from the Ateneo de Davao College of Law. The Grand Judex of the Ateneo de Davao chapter is coequal to that of the Grand Judex of the San Beda chapter. Each Grand Judex exercises absolute authority over their respective chapters. </p><p>In 1983, the <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_(Philippines)" title="Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)">Securities and Exchange Commission</a> granted the incorporation of the fraternity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbols">Symbols</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Symbols"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The fraternity takes its name from <a href="/wiki/Lex_talionis" class="mw-redirect" title="Lex talionis"><i>Lex Talionis</i></a>, which is Latin for "law of retaliation". This concept is derived from the Mosaic law "an eye for an eye; a tooth for a tooth" which is a variation of the original concept promulgated under the Code of Hammurabi.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The secondary name, <i>Sodalitas Ducum Futurorum</i> is Latin for "Solidarity of Future Leaders." </p><p>Its colors are black, red, and gold. Its motto is "Loyalty, Service, Excellence, Superiority". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Recruitment is by invitation only and exclusive to law students enrolled either at the <a href="/wiki/San_Beda_College_of_Law" title="San Beda College of Law">San Beda College of Law</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Ateneo_de_Davao_University" title="Ateneo de Davao University">Ateneo de Davao</a> College of Law. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The head of the fraternity is called the Grand Judex. He is selected in secret by all members present in an election called for such purpose. Upon its establishment in 1969, the founders agreed that there would be no single Grand Judex during the formative year of the fraternity. Since there was no single Grand Judex, the first batch was headed by three co-equal Grand Judexes collectively called the <i>Troika</i>, composed of Miguel Soriano, Rizal Guerrero, and Jose Mendoza. Later on, Francisco Acosta, was elected as the first Grand Judex.<sup id="cite_ref-judiciary1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-judiciary1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Grand Judex is assisted by a Vice Grand Judex, a Judex of Initiation, a Judex of War, a Judex for Academic Operations, an Exchequer, and a Keeper of the Scroll. A senior advisory body, the Council of Grand Judexes, likewise takes an active part in the affairs of the fraternity and acts as the corporate Board of Directors. The council is composed of past Grand Judexes and is headed by a chairman, who acts as the main adviser to the current Grand Judex. The current chairman is Justice Francisco Acosta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chapters">Chapters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chapters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following is a list of Lex Talionis chapters. Active chapters are indicated in <b>bold</b>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Chapter </th> <th>Charter date </th> <th>Institution </th> <th>Location </th> <th>Status </th> <th>References </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Alpha</b> </td> <td>September 29, 1969 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Beda_College_of_Law" title="San Beda College of Law">San Beda College of Law</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, Philippines </td> <td>Active </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Beta</b> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ateneo_de_Davao_University" title="Ateneo de Davao University">Ateneo de Davao University</a> School of Law </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>, Philippines </td> <td>Active </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_of_Raul_Camaligan">Death of Raul Camaligan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Death of Raul Camaligan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On September 8, 1991, fraternity neophyte Raul Camaligan died of physical injuries sustained from initiation rites with Lex Talionis. Records of the criminal case show Camaligan, along with three other freshmen from the San Beda College of Law, were recruited with the assurance that hazing would not be required for full membership.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eight members were indicted for homicide before the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Trial_Court" title="Regional Trial Court">Regional Trial Court</a> of Quezon City. Upon re-arraignment, they withdrew their earlier plea of not guilty and pleaded guilty to the lesser offense of reckless imprudence resulting in homicide, effectively lowering the penalty to a minimum of two years and a maximum of four. The Grand Judex at that time, Roger Madamba, while not present during Camaligan's initiation, also admitted to the offense. The members were convicted, but later on applied for and were granted probation. </p><p>One of the convicted members, Rufino Quitasol Jr., fled the country without serving his sentence.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In three separate landmark cases, the Supreme Court allowed the members involved in Camaligan's death to take the bar examinations, take the lawyer's oath, and engage in the practice of law.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In granting these petitions, the Court took judicial notice of "the general tendency of youth to be rash, temerarious and uncalculating."<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the petitioners submitted evidence that a scholarship foundation in honor of Raul Camaligan was established in 1995 by the fraternity members.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, in 2017, an investigation by the <i><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a></i> revealed that no such foundation was ever established and no scholars were registered under its name, according to the records of San Beda College.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gilbert Camaligan, Raul's father, further condemned the fraternity's silence after 25 years, and claimed the organization is "not a good example for young people."<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Appointments_under_the_Duterte_administration">Appointments under the Duterte administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Appointments under the Duterte administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the presidency of <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a>, a disproportionate number of fraternity members were appointed to key government positions, prompting concerns of political favoritism and nepotism from political watchdogs and civil society groups.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the first year of Duterte's presidency, 25 members of Lex Talionis held key positions in the government, up from just two during the previous administration.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, Duterte admitted the appointments were motivated by <i><a href="/wiki/Utang_na_loob" title="Utang na loob">utang na loob</a></i> (debt of gratitude), but defended his decisions by claiming he has the executive prerogative to appoint people he "know[s] and trust[s], just like other presidents before me."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_members">Notable members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/110px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/165px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/219px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="749" data-file-height="1037" /></a><figcaption>Rodrigo Duterte, 16th President of the Philippines</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Francisco Acosta - Retired Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_the_Philippines" title="Court of Appeals of the Philippines">Court of Appeals of the Philippines</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaliano_Aguirre_II" title="Vitaliano Aguirre II">Vitaliano Aguirre II</a> - <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_(Philippines)" title="Department of Justice (Philippines)">Secretary of Justice</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Adnan Alonto - Ambassador to <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> for the Philippines<sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvin_Amatorio" title="Arvin Amatorio">Arvin Amatorio</a> - Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Bergenfield,_New_Jersey" title="Bergenfield, New Jersey">Bergenfield, New Jersey</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Arthur Amansec - Commissioner, <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_System_(Philippines)" title="Social Security System (Philippines)">Social Security System</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aquino" title="Emilio Aquino">Emilio B. Aquino</a> - Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_(Philippines)" title="Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)">Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendel_Avisado" title="Wendel Avisado">Wendel Avisado</a> - <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Budget_and_Management" title="Secretary of Budget and Management">Secretary of Budget and Management</a></li> <li>Rey Bulay - Commissioner, <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Elections (Philippines)">Commission on Elections (Philippines)</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a> - 16th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Erwin M. Enad - Commissioner, <a href="/wiki/Professional_Regulation_Commission" title="Professional Regulation Commission">Professional Regulation Commission</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jacinto Fajardo Jr. - Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_the_Philippines" title="Court of Appeals of the Philippines">Court of Appeals of the Philippines</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Florencio Mamauag Jr. - Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_the_Philippines" title="Court of Appeals of the Philippines">Court of Appeals of the Philippines</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Benedicto Malcontento - Former Prosecutor General<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_B._Funa" title="Dennis B. Funa">Dennis Funa</a> - Commissioner, Insurance Commission<sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dante Gierran - Former NBI Director and Former President and CEO, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Health_Insurance_Corporation" title="Philippine Health Insurance Corporation">PhilHealth</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Kho_Jr." title="Antonio Kho Jr.">Antonio Kho Jr.</a> - Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vitaliano_Aguirre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Vitaliano_Aguirre.jpg/110px-Vitaliano_Aguirre.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Vitaliano_Aguirre.jpg/165px-Vitaliano_Aguirre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Vitaliano_Aguirre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="215" data-file-height="297" /></a><figcaption>Vitaliano Aguirre II, former Secretary of Justice</figcaption></figure><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Tomas F. Lahom III - Director of the <a href="/wiki/Subic_Bay_Metropolitan_Authority" title="Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority">Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Catral_Mendoza" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Catral Mendoza">Jose Catral Mendoza</a> - Retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court<sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bienvenido_L._Reyes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bienvenido L. Reyes">Bienvenido L. Reyes</a> - Retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court<sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Victor Sepulveda - Former Prosecutor General <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_S._Ong" title="Gregory S. Ong">Gregory S. Ong</a> - Retired Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Sandiganbayan" title="Sandiganbayan">Sandiganbayan</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rodolfo A. Ponferrada - Retired Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Sandiganbayan" title="Sandiganbayan">Sandiganbayan</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Se%C3%B1eres" title="Roy Señeres">Roy Señeres</a> - Former Congressman and Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Commission_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Labor Relations Commission (Philippines)">National Labor Relations Commission</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Alberto Sipaco Jr. - CEO and Chairman, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippine_Mining_Development_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippine Mining Development Corporation (page does not exist)">Philippine Mining Development Corporation</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mel John Verzosa - Deputy Administrator, National Tobacco Administration <sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_the_Philippines" title="List of fraternities and sororities in the Philippines">List of fraternities and sororities in the Philippines</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex_Talionis_Fraternitas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSeñeres2000" class="citation journal cs1">Señeres, Roy (2000). 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