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href="/en/reports/3d-printing/47" class="colour- colour-webtopic47 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">3D Printing</a> <a href="/en/research-report/3d-printing-and-additive-manufacturing-2024-2034-technology-and-market-outlook/981" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Overview Report</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/3d-electronics-additive-electronics-2024-2034-technologies-players-and-markets/1003" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">3D Electronics/Additive Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/3d-printing-ceramics-2022-2032-technology-and-market-outlook/834" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">3D Printing Ceramics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/3d-printing-composites-2021-2031-technology-and-market-analysis/827" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">3D Printing Composites</a> <a href="/en/research-report/3d-printing-hardware-2022-2032-technology-and-market-outlook/853" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">3D Printing Hardware</a> <a href="/en/research-report/3d-printing-materials-market-2022-2032/873" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">3D Printing Materials Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/metal-additive-manufacturing-2022-2032-technology-and-market-outlook/861" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Metal Additive Manufacturing</a> <a href="/en/research-report/polymer-additive-manufacturing-2023-2033-technology-and-market-outlook/891" class="list-group-item 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list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Direct Lithium Extraction</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electrically-conductive-adhesives-2022-2032-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/830" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electrically Conductive Adhesives</a> <a href="/en/research-report/emerging-alternative-leathers-2024-2034-technologies-trends-players/980" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Emerging Alternative Leathers</a> <a href="/en/research-report/emi-shielding-for-electronics-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-applications/961" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">EMI Shielding for Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fire-protection-materials-for-ev-batteries-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/988" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fire Protection Materials for EV Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/gas-separation-membranes-2023-2033/940" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Gas Separation Membranes</a> <a href="/en/research-report/graphene-market-and-2d-materials-assessment-2024-2034-technologies-markets-players/967" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Graphene Market & 2D Materials Assessment</a> <a href="/en/research-report/helium-market-2025-2035-applications-alternatives-and-reclamation/1025" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Helium Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/low-loss-materials-for-5g-and-6g-2024-2034-markets-trends-forecasts/986" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Low-Loss Materials for 5G and 6G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-electric-vehicle-battery-cells-and-packs-2023-2033/936" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials for Electric Vehicle Battery Cells and Packs</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-green-hydrogen-production-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/970" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for Green Hydrogen Production</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-pem-fuel-cells-2024-2034-technologies-markets-players/987" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials for PEM Fuel Cells</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-informatics-2024-2034-markets-strategies-players/990" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials Informatics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/metal-organic-frameworks-mofs-2024-2034-market-technology-and-players/1004" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)</a> <a href="/en/reports/advanced-materials-and-critical-minerals/77" class="colour- colour-webtopic77 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-bottom-left list-group-item-action btn-sm"></a> </div> </div> <div class="col px-0" style="margin-left:2px; margin-right:2px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/advanced-materials-and-critical-minerals/77" class="colour- colour-webtopic77 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-top-right list-group-item-action btn-sm"></a> <a href="/en/research-report/metamaterials-markets-2024-2034-optical-and-radio-frequency/1010" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Metamaterials Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-2024-emerging-applications-alternatives-regulations/999" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) 2024</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-dot-materials-and-technologies-2024-2034-trends-markets-applications/952" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Dot Materials and Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-interface-materials-2024-2034-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/1011" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Interface Materials</a> <a href="/en/research-report/white-biotechnology-2024-2034/959" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">White Biotechnology</a> <a href="/en/reports/advanced-materials-and-critical-minerals/77" class="colour- colour-webtopic77 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-bottom-right list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic8_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/batteries-and-energy-storage/8" class="colour- colour-webtopic8 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Batteries & Energy Storage</a> <a href="/en/research/energy-market-intelligence-subscription" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Subscription</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Energy Research Subscription</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-li-ion-battery-technologies-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/1002" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Advanced Li-ion Battery Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-driven-battery-technology-2025-2035-technology-innovation-and-opportunities/1049" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">AI-Driven Battery Technology</a> <a href="/en/research-report/batteries-for-stationary-energy-storage-2025-2035-markets-forecasts-players-and-technologies/1021" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Batteries for Stationary Energy Storage</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-markets-in-construction-agriculture-and-mining-machines-2024-2034/1008" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Battery Markets in Construction, Agriculture & Mining Machines</a> <a href="/en/research-report/direct-lithium-extraction-2025-2035-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/1026" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Direct Lithium Extraction</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fire-protection-materials-for-ev-batteries-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/988" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fire Protection Materials for EV Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-batteries-market-2025-2035-technologies-forecasts-and-players/1018" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Flexible Batteries Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-batteries-and-battery-management-systems-for-electric-vehicles-2024-2034/957" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Li-ion Batteries and Battery Management Systems for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-battery-market-2025-2035-technologies-players-applications-outlooks-and-forecasts/1027" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Li-ion Battery Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-battery-recycling-market-2023-2043/939" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Li-ion Battery Recycling Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/long-duration-energy-storage-market-2024-2044-technologies-players-forecasts/983" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Long Duration Energy Storage Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/redox-flow-batteries-market-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets/963" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Redox Flow Batteries Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/scenario-forecasting-spreadsheet-materials-for-electric-vehicle-battery-cells-and-packs/803" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Scenario Forecasting Spreadsheet</a> <a href="/en/research-report/second-life-electric-vehicle-batteries-2023-2033/924" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Second-life Electric Vehicle Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/silicon-anode-battery-technologies-and-markets-2025-2035-players-technologies-applications-markets-forecasts/1052" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Silicon Anode Battery Technologies and Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sodium-ion-batteries-2024-2034-technology-players-markets-and-forecasts/978" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sodium-ion Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/solid-state-and-polymer-batteries-2023-2033-technology-forecasts-players/917" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Solid-State and Polymer Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-energy-storage-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/1001" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Energy Storage</a> <a href="/en/reports/batteries-and-energy-storage/8" class="colour- colour-webtopic8 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic2_menu"> <div class="col px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2" class="colour- colour-webtopic2 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-top-left list-group-item-action btn-sm">Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research/future-mobility-subscription" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Subscription</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Future Mobility Subscription</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-vehicles-land-sea-and-air-2024-2044/962" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Overview Report</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Electric Vehicles</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-car-sales-models-and-technologies-database/824" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Data & Tools</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Electric Car Sales, Models & Technologies Database</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/air-taxis-electric-vertical-take-off-and-landing-evtol-aircraft-2024-2044-technologies-players/998" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Air Taxis</a> <a href="/en/research-report/autonomous-trucks-2024-2044-technologies-trends-forecasts/1016" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Autonomous Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/autonomous-vehicles-market-2025-2045-robotaxis-autonomous-cars-sensors/1045" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Autonomous Vehicles Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-electric-and-hydrogen-fuel-cell-trains-2023-2043/930" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Battery Electric & Hydrogen Fuel Cell Trains</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-markets-in-construction-agriculture-and-mining-machines-2024-2034/1008" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Battery Markets in Construction, Agriculture & Mining Machines</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-swapping-for-electric-vehicles-2022-2032-technology-players-and-forecasts/868" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Battery Swapping for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/charging-infrastructure-for-electric-vehicles-and-fleets-2025-2035-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/1035" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles and Fleets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/copper-demand-for-cars-2024-2034-trends-utilization-forecasts/973" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Copper Demand for Cars</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-and-fuel-cell-buses-2025-2045-markets-players-technologies-and-forecasts/1012" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric and Fuel Cell Buses</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-and-fuel-cell-trucks-2024-2044-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/971" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-boats-and-ships-2024-2044/948" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric Boats & Ships</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-light-commercial-vehicles-2025-2045-markets-players-forecasts/1048" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electric Light Commercial Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-motors-for-electric-vehicles-2025-2035-technologies-materials-markets-and-forecasts/1031" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric Motors for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-vehicles-in-construction-2024-2044-technologies-players-forecasts/1022" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electric Vehicles in Construction</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-vehicles-in-india-2021-2041/793" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric Vehicles in India</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-vehicles-in-mining-2024-2044-technologies-players-and-forecasts/994" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electric Vehicles in Mining</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-hybrid-and-fuel-cell-light-commercial-vehicles-2021-2041/783" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric, Hybrid & Fuel Cell Light Commercial Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2" class="colour- colour-webtopic2 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-bottom-left list-group-item-action btn-sm"></a> </div> </div> <div class="col px-0" style="margin-left:2px; margin-right:2px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2" class="colour- colour-webtopic2 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-top-right list-group-item-action btn-sm"></a> <a href="/en/research-report/fire-protection-materials-for-ev-batteries-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/988" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fire Protection Materials for EV Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fuel-cell-boats-and-ships-2023-2033-pemfc-sofc-hydrogen-ammonia-lng/907" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Fuel Cell Boats & Ships</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fuel-cell-electric-vehicles-2024-2044-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/977" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/future-automotive-technologies-2024-2034-applications-megatrends-forecasts/979" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Future Automotive Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/heads-up-displays-2024-2034-technologies-players-opportunities/991" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Heads-up Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/high-voltage-hybrid-cars-buses-and-trucks-2021-2041/788" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">High Voltage Hybrid Cars, Buses and Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-batteries-and-battery-management-systems-for-electric-vehicles-2024-2034/957" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Li-ion Batteries and Battery Management Systems for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-battery-market-2025-2035-technologies-players-applications-outlooks-and-forecasts/1027" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Li-ion Battery Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-electric-vehicle-battery-cells-and-packs-2023-2033/936" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for Electric Vehicle Battery Cells and Packs</a> <a href="/en/research-report/micro-evs-2023-2043-electric-two-wheelers-three-wheelers-and-microcars/915" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Micro EVs</a> <a href="/en/research-report/off-grid-charging-for-electric-vehicles-2024-2034-technologies-benchmarking-players-and-forecasts/997" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Off-Grid Charging For Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/plug-in-hybrid-and-battery-electric-cars-2025-2045-technologies-players-regulations-market-forecasts/1043" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Plug-in Hybrid and Battery Electric Cars</a> <a href="/en/research-report/power-electronics-for-electric-vehicles-2025-2035-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/1014" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Power Electronics for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/roboshuttles-and-autonomous-buses-2024-2044-technologies-trends-forecasts/1020" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Roboshuttles and Autonomous Buses</a> <a href="/en/research-report/scenario-forecasting-spreadsheet-materials-for-electric-vehicle-battery-cells-and-packs/803" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Scenario Forecasting Spreadsheet</a> <a href="/en/research-report/semiconductors-for-autonomous-and-electric-vehicles-2023-2033/921" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Semiconductors for Autonomous and Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/silicon-anode-battery-technologies-and-markets-2025-2035-players-technologies-applications-markets-forecasts/1052" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Silicon Anode Battery Technologies and Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-future-aviation-2025-2045-trends-technologies-forecasts/1033" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Sustainable Future Aviation</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-interface-materials-2024-2034-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/1011" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Interface Materials</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-electric-vehicles-2025-2035-materials-markets-and-technologies/1015" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-ev-power-electronics-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets-and-trends/1000" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for EV Power Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/wireless-charging-market-for-electric-vehicles-2023-2033-technology-players-and-forecasts/896" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Wireless Charging Market for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2" class="colour- colour-webtopic2 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-bottom-right list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic115_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/energy-and-decarbonization/115" class="colour- colour-webtopic115 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Energy & Decarbonization</a> <a href="/en/research/energy-market-intelligence-subscription" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Subscription</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Energy Research Subscription</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/blue-hydrogen-production-and-markets-2023-2033-technologies-forecasts-players/922" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Blue Hydrogen Production and Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-capture-utilization-and-storage-ccus-markets-2025-2045-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1017" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-dioxide-removal-cdr-2024-2044-technologies-players-carbon-credit-markets-and-forecasts/1007" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-dioxide-utilization-2025-2045-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1028" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Carbon Dioxide Utilization</a> <a href="/en/research-report/decarbonization-of-cement-2025-2035-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1050" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Decarbonization of Cement</a> <a href="/en/research-report/green-hydrogen-production-and-electrolyzer-market-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/992" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Green Hydrogen Production & Electrolyzer Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/hydrogen-economy-2023-2033-production-storage-distribution-and-applications/946" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Hydrogen Economy</a> <a href="/en/research-report/hydrogen-internal-combustion-engines-2025-2045-applications-technologies-market-status-and-forecasts/1030" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-green-hydrogen-production-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/970" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials for Green Hydrogen Production</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-pem-fuel-cells-2024-2034-technologies-markets-players/987" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for PEM Fuel Cells</a> <a href="/en/research-report/nuclear-small-modular-reactors-smrs-2023-2043/934" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Nuclear Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/perovskite-photovoltaics-2023-2033/872" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Perovskite Photovoltaics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/stationary-fuel-cell-markets-2025-2035-technologies-players-and-forecasts/1037" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Stationary Fuel Cell Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-biofuels-and-e-fuels-market-2025-2035-technologies-players-forecasts/1039" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sustainable Biofuels & E-Fuels Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-energy-storage-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/1001" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Energy Storage</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thin-film-and-flexible-photovoltaics-2023-2033/885" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thin Film & Flexible Photovoltaics</a> <a href="/en/reports/energy-and-decarbonization/115" class="colour- colour-webtopic115 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic118_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/food-and-agtech/118" class="colour- colour-webtopic118 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Food & AgTech</a> <a href="/en/research-report/agricultural-robots-and-drones-2022-2032-technologies-markets-and-players/837" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Agricultural Robots and Drones</a> <a href="/en/research-report/biostimulants-and-biopesticides-2021-2031-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/773" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Biostimulants and Biopesticides</a> <a href="/en/research-report/cultured-meat-2023-2043/913" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Cultured Meat</a> <a href="/en/research-report/genetic-engineering-in-agriculture-2021-2031/750" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Genetic Engineering in Agriculture</a> <a href="/en/research-report/pfas-treatment-2025-2035-technologies-regulations-players-applications/1040" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">PFAS Treatment</a> <a href="/en/research-report/plant-based-meat-2021-2031/823" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Plant-Based Meat</a> <a href="/en/research-report/vertical-farming-2022-2032/871" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Vertical Farming</a> <a href="/en/reports/food-and-agtech/118" class="colour- colour-webtopic118 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic110_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/healthcare/110" class="colour- colour-webtopic110 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Healthcare</a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-wound-care-technologies-2020-2030/682" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Advanced Wound Care Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-in-drug-discovery-2021-players-technologies-and-applications/818" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">AI in Drug Discovery 2021</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-in-medical-diagnostics-2020-2030-image-recognition-players-clinical-applications-forecasts/766" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">AI in Medical Diagnostics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/antiviral-and-antimicrobial-technology-market-2023-2033/942" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Antiviral and Antimicrobial Technology Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/biosensors-for-point-of-care-diagnostics-2022-2032-technology-opportunities-players-and-forecasts/863" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Biosensors for Point-of-Care Diagnostics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/diabetes-management-technologies-2022-2032-markets-players-and-forecasts/862" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Diabetes Management Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/digital-health-and-artificial-intelligence-2024-2034-trends-opportunities-and-outlook/985" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Digital Health and Artificial Intelligence</a> <a href="/en/research-report/dna-sequencing-2023-2033-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/887" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">DNA Sequencing</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electronic-skin-patches-2023-2033/900" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electronic Skin Patches</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-electronics-in-healthcare-2020-2030/731" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Flexible Electronics in Healthcare</a> <a href="/en/research-report/remote-patient-monitoring-2023-2033-technologies-markets-and-opportunities/890" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Remote Patient Monitoring</a> <a href="/en/research-report/skin-sensors-2020-2030-technologies-markets-players-forecasts/752" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Skin Sensors</a> <a href="/en/reports/healthcare/110" class="colour- colour-webtopic110 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic124_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/hydrogen/124" class="colour- colour-webtopic124 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Hydrogen</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-electric-and-hydrogen-fuel-cell-trains-2023-2043/930" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Battery Electric & Hydrogen Fuel Cell Trains</a> <a href="/en/research-report/blue-hydrogen-production-and-markets-2023-2033-technologies-forecasts-players/922" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Blue Hydrogen Production and Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-and-fuel-cell-trucks-2024-2044-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/971" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fuel-cell-electric-vehicles-2024-2044-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/977" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/green-hydrogen-production-and-electrolyzer-market-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/992" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Green Hydrogen Production & Electrolyzer Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/hydrogen-economy-2023-2033-production-storage-distribution-and-applications/946" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Hydrogen Economy</a> <a href="/en/research-report/hydrogen-internal-combustion-engines-2025-2045-applications-technologies-market-status-and-forecasts/1030" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines</a> <a href="/en/research-report/long-duration-energy-storage-market-2024-2044-technologies-players-forecasts/983" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Long Duration Energy Storage Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-green-hydrogen-production-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/970" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials for Green Hydrogen Production</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-pem-fuel-cells-2024-2034-technologies-markets-players/987" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for PEM Fuel Cells</a> <a href="/en/research-report/off-grid-charging-for-electric-vehicles-2024-2034-technologies-benchmarking-players-and-forecasts/997" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Off-Grid Charging For Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-2024-emerging-applications-alternatives-regulations/999" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) 2024</a> <a href="/en/research-report/stationary-fuel-cell-markets-2025-2035-technologies-players-and-forecasts/1037" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Stationary Fuel Cell Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-future-aviation-2025-2045-trends-technologies-forecasts/1033" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sustainable Future Aviation</a> <a href="/en/reports/hydrogen/124" class="colour- colour-webtopic124 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic116_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/photonics/116" class="colour- colour-webtopic116 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Photonics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-semiconductor-packaging-2025-2035-forecasts-technologies-applications/1042" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Advanced Semiconductor Packaging</a> <a href="/en/research-report/automotive-displays-2024-2034-technologies-players-opportunities/958" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Automotive Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/heads-up-displays-2024-2034-technologies-players-opportunities/991" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Heads-up Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/lidar-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/995" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Lidar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/metamaterials-markets-2024-2034-optical-and-radio-frequency/1010" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Metamaterials Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/micro-led-displays-2024-2034-technology-commercialization-opportunity-market-and-players/968" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Micro-LED Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/silicon-photonics-and-photonic-integrated-circuits-2024-2034-market-technologies-and-forecasts/1006" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Silicon Photonics and Photonic Integrated Circuits</a> <a href="/en/reports/photonics/116" class="colour- colour-webtopic116 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic1_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/printed-and-flexible-electronics/1" class="colour- colour-webtopic1 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Printed & Flexible Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-and-printed-electronics-2023-2033-forecasts-technologies-markets/943" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Overview Report</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Flexible & Printed Electronics</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/3d-electronics-additive-electronics-2024-2034-technologies-players-and-markets/1003" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">3D Electronics/Additive Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/conductive-inks-market-2024-2034-technologies-applications-players/1013" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Conductive Inks Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electronic-skin-patches-2023-2033/900" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electronic Skin Patches</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-batteries-market-2025-2035-technologies-forecasts-and-players/1018" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Flexible Batteries Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-electronics-in-healthcare-2020-2030/731" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Flexible Electronics in Healthcare</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-hybrid-electronics-2024-2034/950" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Flexible Hybrid Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/in-mold-electronics-2023-2033/919" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">In-Mold Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/manufacturing-printed-electronics-2023-2033/916" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Manufacturing Printed Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-printed-flexible-electronics-2021-2031-technologies-applications-market-forecasts/785" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for Printed/Flexible Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/printed-and-flexible-electronics-for-automotive-applications-2021-2031-technologies-and-markets/806" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Printed and Flexible Electronics for Automotive Applications</a> <a href="/en/research-report/printed-and-flexible-sensors-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets/993" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Printed and Flexible Sensors</a> <a href="/en/research-report/smart-packaging-2023-2033/931" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Smart Packaging</a> <a href="/en/research-report/stretchable-and-conformal-electronics-2019-2029/636" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Stretchable and Conformal Electronics</a> <a href="/en/reports/printed-and-flexible-electronics/1" class="colour- colour-webtopic1 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic122_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/quantum-technologies/122" class="colour- colour-webtopic122 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Quantum Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-communication-market-2024-2034-technology-trends-players-forecasts/984" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Communication Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-computing-market-2024-2044-technology-trends-players-forecasts/996" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Computing Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-sensors-market-2024-2044/951" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Sensors Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-technology-market-2024-2034-trends-players-forecasts/1005" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Technology Market</a> <a href="/en/reports/quantum-technologies/122" class="colour- colour-webtopic122 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic99_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/robotics-and-autonomy/99" class="colour- colour-webtopic99 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Robotics & Autonomy</a> <a href="/en/research-report/agricultural-robots-and-drones-2022-2032-technologies-markets-and-players/837" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Agricultural Robots and Drones</a> <a href="/en/research-report/automotive-radar-2024-2044-forecasts-technologies-applications/966" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Automotive Radar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/autonomous-trucks-2024-2044-technologies-trends-forecasts/1016" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Autonomous Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/autonomous-vehicles-market-2025-2045-robotaxis-autonomous-cars-sensors/1045" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Autonomous Vehicles Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/collaborative-robots-2025-2045-technologies-players-and-markets/1046" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Collaborative Robots</a> <a href="/en/research-report/drone-market-and-industries-2021-2041/787" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Drone Market and Industries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/future-automotive-technologies-2024-2034-applications-megatrends-forecasts/979" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Future Automotive Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/infrared-ir-cameras-for-automotive-2025-2035-technologies-opportunities-forecasts/1029" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Infrared (IR) Cameras for Automotive</a> <a href="/en/research-report/lidar-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/995" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Lidar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/mobile-robotics-in-logistics-warehousing-and-delivery-2024-2044/960" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Mobile Robotics in Logistics, Warehousing and Delivery</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-communication-market-2024-2034-technology-trends-players-forecasts/984" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Communication Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/roboshuttles-and-autonomous-buses-2024-2044-technologies-trends-forecasts/1020" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Roboshuttles and Autonomous Buses</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sensors-for-robotics-2023-2043-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/908" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Sensors for Robotics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/service-robots-2022-2032-technologies-players-and-markets/864" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Service Robots</a> <a href="/en/research-report/software-defined-vehicles-connected-cars-and-ai-in-cars-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/974" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Software-Defined Vehicles, Connected Cars, and AI in Cars</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-advanced-driver-assistance-systems-adas-2023-2033/875" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS)</a> <a href="/en/reports/robotics-and-autonomy/99" class="colour- colour-webtopic99 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic121_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/semiconductors-computing-and-ai/121" class="colour- colour-webtopic121 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Semiconductors, Computing & AI</a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-semiconductor-packaging-2025-2035-forecasts-technologies-applications/1042" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Advanced Semiconductor Packaging</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-chips-2023-2033/937" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">AI Chips</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-chips-for-edge-applications-2024-2034-artificial-intelligence-at-the-edge/956" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">AI Chips for Edge Applications</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-in-drug-discovery-2021-players-technologies-and-applications/818" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">AI in Drug Discovery 2021</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-in-medical-diagnostics-2020-2030-image-recognition-players-clinical-applications-forecasts/766" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">AI in Medical Diagnostics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/antenna-in-package-aip-for-5g-and-6g-2024-2034-technologies-trends-markets/989" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Antenna in Package (AiP) for 5G and 6G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/automotive-radar-2024-2044-forecasts-technologies-applications/966" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Automotive Radar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/chiplet-technology-2025-2035-technology-opportunities-applications/1041" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Chiplet Technology</a> <a href="/en/research-report/co-packaged-optics-cpo-2025-2035-technologies-market-and-forecasts/1019" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Co-Packaged Optics (CPO)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electrically-conductive-adhesives-2022-2032-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/830" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electrically Conductive Adhesives</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-hybrid-electronics-2024-2034/950" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Flexible Hybrid Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-and-processing-for-advanced-semiconductor-packaging-2025-2035-technologies-players-forecasts/1044" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials and Processing for Advanced Semiconductor Packaging</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-informatics-2024-2034-markets-strategies-players/990" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials Informatics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-communication-market-2024-2034-technology-trends-players-forecasts/984" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Communication Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-computing-market-2024-2044-technology-trends-players-forecasts/996" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Computing Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-technology-market-2024-2034-trends-players-forecasts/1005" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Technology Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/semiconductors-for-autonomous-and-electric-vehicles-2023-2033/921" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Semiconductors for Autonomous and Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/silicon-photonics-and-photonic-integrated-circuits-2024-2034-market-technologies-and-forecasts/1006" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Silicon Photonics and Photonic Integrated Circuits</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-5g-2022-2032/857" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for 5G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-data-centers-2025-2035-technologies-markets-and-opportunities/1036" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Data Centers</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-ev-power-electronics-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets-and-trends/1000" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for EV Power Electronics</a> <a href="/en/reports/semiconductors-computing-and-ai/121" class="colour- colour-webtopic121 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic95_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/sensors-haptics-and-displays/95" class="colour- colour-webtopic95 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Sensors, Haptics & Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/automotive-radar-2024-2044-forecasts-technologies-applications/966" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Automotive Radar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/brain-computer-interfaces-2025-2045-technologies-players-forecasts/1024" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Brain Computer Interfaces</a> <a href="/en/research-report/displays-for-virtual-augmented-and-mixed-reality-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets/955" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Displays for Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality</a> <a href="/en/research-report/emerging-image-sensor-technologies-2024-2034-applications-and-markets/965" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Emerging Image Sensor Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/environmental-gas-sensor-market-2024-2034-technology-trends-forecasts-players/964" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Environmental Gas Sensor Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/haptics-2025-2035-technologies-markets-players/1034" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Haptics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/heads-up-displays-2024-2034-technologies-players-opportunities/991" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Heads-up Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/in-cabin-sensing-2024-2034-technologies-opportunities-and-markets/972" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">In-Cabin Sensing</a> <a href="/en/research-report/infrared-ir-cameras-for-automotive-2025-2035-technologies-opportunities-forecasts/1029" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Infrared (IR) Cameras for Automotive</a> <a href="/en/research-report/lidar-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/995" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Lidar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/micro-led-displays-2024-2034-technology-commercialization-opportunity-market-and-players/968" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Micro-LED Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/printed-and-flexible-sensors-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets/993" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Printed and Flexible Sensors</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-sensors-market-2024-2044/951" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Sensors Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-technology-market-2024-2034-trends-players-forecasts/1005" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Technology Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sensor-market-2025-2035-technologies-trends-players-forecasts/1038" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Sensor Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sensors-for-robotics-2023-2043-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/908" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sensors for Robotics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/skin-sensors-2020-2030-technologies-markets-players-forecasts/752" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Skin Sensors</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-advanced-driver-assistance-systems-adas-2023-2033/875" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/wearable-sensors-market-2025-2035-technologies-trends-players-forecasts/1051" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Wearable Sensors Market</a> <a href="/en/reports/sensors-haptics-and-displays/95" class="colour- colour-webtopic95 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic120_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/sustainability/120" class="colour- colour-webtopic120 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Sustainability</a> <a href="/en/research-report/bioplastics-2025-2035-technology-market-players-and-forecasts/1032" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Bioplastics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-capture-utilization-and-storage-ccus-markets-2025-2045-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1017" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-dioxide-removal-cdr-2024-2044-technologies-players-carbon-credit-markets-and-forecasts/1007" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-dioxide-utilization-2025-2045-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1028" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Carbon Dioxide Utilization</a> <a href="/en/research-report/chemical-recycling-and-dissolution-of-plastics-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-forecasts/1009" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Chemical Recycling and Dissolution of Plastics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/cultured-meat-2023-2043/913" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Cultured Meat</a> <a href="/en/research-report/decarbonization-of-cement-2025-2035-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1050" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Decarbonization of Cement</a> <a href="/en/research-report/emerging-alternative-leathers-2024-2034-technologies-trends-players/980" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Emerging Alternative Leathers</a> <a href="/en/research-report/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-2024-emerging-applications-alternatives-regulations/999" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) 2024</a> <a href="/en/research-report/pfas-treatment-2025-2035-technologies-regulations-players-applications/1040" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">PFAS Treatment</a> <a href="/en/research-report/second-life-electric-vehicle-batteries-2023-2033/924" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Second-life Electric Vehicle Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-biofuels-and-e-fuels-market-2025-2035-technologies-players-forecasts/1039" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sustainable Biofuels & E-Fuels Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-electronics-manufacturing-2023-2033/902" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Sustainable Electronics Manufacturing</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-packaging-market-2023-2033/929" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sustainable Packaging Market</a> <a href="/en/reports/sustainability/120" class="colour- colour-webtopic120 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic123_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/thermal-management/123" class="colour- colour-webtopic123 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Thermal Management</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fire-protection-materials-for-ev-batteries-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/988" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Fire Protection Materials for EV Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-interface-materials-2024-2034-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/1011" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Interface Materials</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-5g-2022-2032/857" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for 5G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-advanced-driver-assistance-systems-adas-2023-2033/875" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-data-centers-2025-2035-technologies-markets-and-opportunities/1036" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for Data Centers</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-electric-vehicles-2025-2035-materials-markets-and-technologies/1015" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-ev-power-electronics-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets-and-trends/1000" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for EV Power Electronics</a> <a href="/en/reports/thermal-management/123" class="colour- colour-webtopic123 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic52_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/wearable-technology/52" class="colour- colour-webtopic52 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Wearable Technology</a> <a href="/en/research-report/wearable-technology-forecasts-2023-2033/928" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Overview Report</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Wearable Technology Forecasts</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-wound-care-technologies-2020-2030/682" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Advanced Wound Care Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/brain-computer-interfaces-2025-2045-technologies-players-forecasts/1024" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Brain Computer Interfaces</a> <a href="/en/research-report/digital-health-and-artificial-intelligence-2024-2034-trends-opportunities-and-outlook/985" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Digital Health and Artificial Intelligence</a> <a href="/en/research-report/displays-for-virtual-augmented-and-mixed-reality-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets/955" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Displays for Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality</a> <a href="/en/research-report/e-textiles-and-smart-clothing-markets-2023-2033-technologies-players-and-applications/925" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">E-Textiles and Smart Clothing Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electronic-skin-patches-2023-2033/900" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electronic Skin Patches</a> <a href="/en/research-report/optics-for-virtual-augmented-and-mixed-reality-2024-2034-technologies-players-and-markets/969" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Optics for Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality</a> <a href="/en/research-report/virtual-reality-and-augmented-reality-headsets-2023-2033-technologies-players-and-markets/889" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Virtual Reality & Augmented Reality Headsets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/wearable-sensors-market-2025-2035-technologies-trends-players-forecasts/1051" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Wearable Sensors Market</a> <a href="/en/reports/wearable-technology/52" class="colour- colour-webtopic52 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <section class="content maincontent"> <div class="contentholder"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div id="lhs" class="lhscontainer"> <nav><ul class="nav navlhs"><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/3d-printing/47">3D Printing</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/5g-6g-rfid-and-telecoms/9">5G, 6G, RFID & Telecoms</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/advanced-materials-and-critical-minerals/77">Advanced Materials & Critical Minerals</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2">Electric Vehicles</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/energy-and-decarbonization/115">Energy & Decarbonization</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/energy-storage/8">Batteries & Energy Storage</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/food-and-agtech/118">Food & AgTech</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/healthcare/110">Healthcare</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/photonics/116">Photonics</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/printed-and-flexible-electronics/1">Printed & Flexible Electronics</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/robotics-and-autonomy/99">Robotics & Autonomy</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/semiconductors-computing-and-ai/121">Semiconductors, Computing & AI</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/sensors-and-haptics/95">Sensors & Haptics</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/sustainability/120">Sustainability</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/wearable-technology/52">Wearable Technology</a></li></ul></nav> </div> <div class="widemain"> <div class="pre-title"></div> <nav><div class="breadcrumb-v6"><a href="/">Home</a><a href="/en/research-reports">Research Reports</a><a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-5g-2022-2032/857">Thermal Management for 5G 2022-2032</a></div></nav> <div id="report-main" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork"> <div class="promostat" itemprop="headline"> 12 Million New 5G Stations Requiring Thermal Management in 2032 </div><img src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/92/EE.png?w=1066&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces,entropy&q=50&fm=pjpg" alt="Thermal Management for 5G 2022-2032" align="left" class="mainlogo" itemprop="image"><h1 class="std" itemprop="name" id="page-title">Thermal Management for 5G 2022-2032</h1> <h2 class="booksubtitle" itemprop="alternativeHeadline">Sub-6 GHz and mmWave 5G in infrastructure and smartphones. Antenna developments, mMIMO, power amplifiers, semiconductor technologies, die attach materials and thermal interface materials.</h2> <div style="display:none;" class="sectionsellingpoint"></div> <div class="sectionauthors">By <a rel="author" href="https://www.idtechex.com/en/team/dr-james-edmondson/2649">Dr James Edmondson</a> and <a rel="author" href="https://www.idtechex.com/en/team/dr-yu-han-chang/2698">Dr Yu-Han Chang</a></div> <div role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true" class="toast hide" data-delay="10000" style="position: fixed; top: 10px; right: 25px;z-index:1100"> <div class="toast-header"> <i class="fa fa-exclamation-circle" style="color: darkblue;font-size:1.25em" aria-hidden="true"></i> <strong class="mr-auto">  IDTechEx</strong> <button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="toast-body"></div> </div> <div class="modal fade" id="loginModal" tabindex="-1" 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style="display:block;font-size:0.8em;text-align:center;">About subscriptions</a> </div> <div> <a href="https://www.idtechex.com/users/action/dl.asp?documentid=25402" class="btn btn-sm samplepages" style="color:white !important;background-color:#577cbb !important"><span>Download Sample Pages<span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="viewoption"> <span class="selected">Show All</span> <span data-show="description">Description</span> <span data-show="contents">Contents, Table & Figures List</span> <span class="pricing" data-show="orderinfo">Pricing</span> <span class="d-none" data-show="relatedcontent">Related Content</span></div> <div class="report-description"> <div class="blanksectionheading pagesection"></div> <div class="sectioncontent"><div>5G deployment is in full swing with mid-band infrastructure installed by the end of 2021 representing nearly 6 times what it was in 2019. However, this doesn't mean that all of the challenges have been solved. Much of the 5G infrastructure is repurposed 4G equipment at lower frequency bands. The real transition to 5G comes from the adoption of higher frequencies which have largely been categorised into sub-6 GHz and mmWave (> 20 GHz) bands. One of the key challenges is thermal management. As 5G deployment transitions to higher frequency, the antenna design, technology and material choices transition too. This will impact several factors such as the semiconductor technology, the associated die attach materials and thermal interface materials.</div><div> </div><div><div align="center"><img src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/92/EB.jpg?w=626&q=50&px=16&fm=png" data-src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/92/EB.jpg?w=626&q=50" class="lazyload mediaimg imgzmr" data-imgzmr-url="//cdn.idtechex.com/si/40000/92/EB.jpg" width="626"></div></div><div><i>IDTechEx expects much of the infrastructure deployment in the short term to be in the lower frequency sub-6 GHz band. Later into the decade, we expect a significant increase in mmWave installations where more units will be required to provide sufficient coverage.</i></div></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="blanksectionheading pagesection"></div> <div class="sectioncontent"><div>Whilst sub-6 GHz 5G may not provide the astonishing speeds and applications often publicised for 5G, it plays a crucial role in achieving coverage over large areas. Some of this is accounted for in lower bands more comparable to historic 4G but as we push above 4 GHz, the historic LDMOS (laterally-diffused metal-oxide semiconductor) power amplifiers begin to struggle with efficiency. This is where wide bandgap semiconductors like GaN (gallium nitride) start to shine. We have started to see GaN being adopted by players like Huawei in their 4G infrastructure. We are expecting GaN to take a greater market share in 5G and with GaN comes a transition in the die attach technology. In fact, IDTechEx is predicting that GaN power amplifiers will see a 4 fold increase in yearly demand over the next 10 years. AuSn is the typical die attach material for GaN today, but we foresee an opportunity for sintered pastes as a replacement with their improved thermal performance.</div><div> </div><div>mmWave is the high-frequency technology that can deliver on the potentially wondrous applications of 5G with incredible download speeds and ultra-low latency. The challenge comes with signal propagation; as the frequency increases so does the attenuation of the signal, leading to reduced range and easy blocking by walls, windows and even severe weather conditions. To increase the antenna gain, the number of antenna elements will increase, but thanks to the smaller wavelength, the antenna units themselves will shrink. This leads to a much more tightly packed array of power amplifiers and beamforming electronic components and with that, a greater thermal management challenge. Thanks to the greater number of antenna elements, the power demand on each amplifier can potentially be reduced, but the highly compact nature of the electronics will lead to greater integration of components and likely rely more on silicon based technologies. However, mmWave small cells will require greater deployment numbers to provide sufficient coverage and due to their deployment scenarios, are unlikely to be able to utilise active cooling methods; combining this with the densification of beamforming components will present greater requirements for solutions like thermal interface materials.</div><div> </div><div>Another popular technology for 5G is massive MIMO enabling infrastructure to serve more terminals in the same frequency band. This increases the number of RF chains per installation, beamforming capabilities and the number of antenna elements used in networks. The result is an increase in the materials required for the antenna PCB, power amplifiers, beamforming components and many more. Massive MIMO also drives data transfer rates and channels higher leading to a greater requirement on baseband processing units, power consumption and hence greater market opportunities for thermal interface materials.</div><div> </div><div><div align="center"><img src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/92/EC.jpg?w=605&q=50&px=16&fm=png" data-src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/92/EC.jpg?w=605&q=50" class="lazyload mediaimg imgzmr" data-imgzmr-url="//cdn.idtechex.com/si/40000/92/EC.jpg" width="605"></div></div><div><i>As 5G deployment continues to grow, the yearly demand for thermal interface materials (TIMs) grows too. The antenna, baseband processing (BBU) and power supply represent significant market opportunities.</i></div><div> </div><div>Many of the initial 5G smartphones that were tested by the public (especially the mmWave compatible ones) would overheat whilst utilising 5G's high download speeds and would drop back to using 4G in order to cool down. This has become less of a concern with newer devices thanks to developments of 5G modems and antenna as well as effective thermal management strategies. The smartphone market is huge and presents a great opportunity for thermal interface materials and heat spreaders. Many more recent devices have utilised options like copper vapour chambers to enhance heat dissipation. But we have equally seen many players falling back towards graphite heat spreaders, whilst some are adopting advanced materials such as graphene heat spreaders. The material, application and quantity of thermal materials used in smartphones is continuing to evolve and presents a substantial market with billions of devices sold each year.</div><div> </div><div>This report from IDTechEx addresses the trends in 5G deployment and how this impacts the antenna design, choice of semiconductor technology, die attach materials, and thermal interface materials. Both technological aspects and market forecasts are included through to 2032. Additionally, the report considers many smartphones and how the incorporation of 5G is impacting thermal materials (interface and heat spreaders).</div></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="sectionheading">Analyst access from IDTechEx</div> <div class="sectioncontent"> <div>All report purchases include up to 30 minutes telephone time with an expert analyst who will help you link key findings in the report to the business issues you're addressing. This needs to be used within three months of purchasing the report.</div> </div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="sectionheading">Further information</div> <div class="sectioncontent"> <div>If you have any questions about this report, please do not hesitate to contact our report team at <a href="mailto:research@IDTechEx.com">research@IDTechEx.com</a> or call one of our sales managers:<br></div> <div><br></div> <div><span class="sectionbold">AMERICAS (USA)</span>: <a href="tel:+1-617-577-7890">+1 617 577 7890</a><br></div> <div><span class="sectionbold">ASIA (Japan):</span> <a href="tel:+81-3-3216-7209">+81 3 3216 7209</a><br></div> <div><span class="sectionbold">ASIA:</span> <a href="tel:+82-10-3896-6219">+82 10 3896 6219</a></div> <div><span class="sectionbold">EUROPE (UK)</span> <a href="tel:+44-1223-812300">+44 1223 812300</a><br></div> </div> <div class="clr"></div> </div> <div class="order-mid"> <input type="hidden" class="samplepages" id="samplepages" 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style="color:white !important;background-color:#577cbb !important"><span>Download Sample Pages<span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding:10px 0px;"></div> </div> <div class="report-contents"> <div class="sectionheading"><a name="toc"></a>Table of Contents</div> <table style="margin-left:10px"> <tr><td class="tocsection1">1.</td><td class="tocname1">EXECUTIVE SUMMARY</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.1.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Base Station Types: Macro Cells and Small Cells</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.2.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Stations Installed per Year (2020-2032) by Cell Type (macro, micro, pico/femto)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.3.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Stations Installed per Year (2020-2032) by Frequency (Sub-6 GHz & mmWave)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.4.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Installations by Cell Type and MIMO Size (2020-2032)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Shifting to Higher Frequencies Shrinks the Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Case Study: Samsung 28 GHz Access Point</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Key Semiconductor Technology Benchmarking</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.8.</td><td class="tocname2">GaN to Win in Sub-6 GHz 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.9.</td><td class="tocname2">Si vs Wide Bandgap for mmWave</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.10.</td><td class="tocname2">The Array Size and PA Performance Trade-off</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.11.</td><td class="tocname2">Semiconductor Comparison</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.12.</td><td class="tocname2">Semiconductor Forecast (2020-2032) for Power Amplifiers by Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.13.</td><td class="tocname2">LDMOS Power Amplifier Structure</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.14.</td><td class="tocname2">Solder Options and Current Die Attach</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.15.</td><td class="tocname2">Why Metal Sintering?</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.16.</td><td class="tocname2">Ag Sinter Process Conditions Summary</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.17.</td><td class="tocname2">Die Attach for Power Amplifiers Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.18.</td><td class="tocname2">Sintering Market Value Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.19.</td><td class="tocname2">TIM Types in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.20.</td><td class="tocname2">Properties of Thermal Interface Materials</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.21.</td><td class="tocname2">TIM Properties and Players for 5G Infrastructure</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.22.</td><td class="tocname2">Total TIM Forecast for 5G Stations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.23.</td><td class="tocname2">Trends in Smartphone Thermal Material Utilization</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.24.</td><td class="tocname2">Thermal Interface Material and Heat Spreader Forecast in Smartphones</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.25.</td><td class="tocname2">Summary of Report</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.26.</td><td class="tocname2">Company Profiles</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">2.</td><td class="tocname1">INTRODUCTION TO 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Global Snapshot of Allocated/targeted 5G Spectrum</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Differences Between 4G and 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Low, Mid-band 5G is Often the Operator's First Choice to Provide 5G National Coverage</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Approaches to Overcome the Challenges of 5G Limited Coverage</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.5.</td><td class="tocname3">5G Commercial/pre-commercial Services by Frequency</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.6.</td><td class="tocname3">5G mmWave Commercial/pre-commercial Services (mid 2021)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.7.</td><td class="tocname3">The Main Technique Innovations in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.8.</td><td class="tocname3">3 Types of 5G Services</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.9.</td><td class="tocname3">5G Supply Chain Overview</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.1.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Summary: Global Trends and New Opportunities in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">2.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Thermal Management for 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Thermal Management for 5G: Introduction</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Thermal Management Contents of the Report</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">3.</td><td class="tocname1">OVERVIEW OF 5G INFRASTRUCTURE</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.1.</td><td class="tocname2">From 1G to 5G: Evolution of Cellular Network Infrastructure</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Architecture of Macro Base Stations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Key Challenges for 5G Macro Base Stations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.4.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Base Station Design Trend</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.5.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Base Station Types: Macro Cells and Small Cells</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Drivers for Ultra Dense Network (UDN) Deployment in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Challenges for Ultra Dense Network Deployment</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.8.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Small Cells Will See Rapid Growth</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.9.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Infrastructure: Huawei, Ericsson, Nokia, ZTE, Samsung and others</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.10.</td><td class="tocname2">Competition Landscape for Key 5G Infrastructure Vendors</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.11.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Stations Installed per Year (2020-2032) by Cell Type (macro, micro, pico/femto)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.12.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Stations Installed per Year (2020-2032) by Frequency (Sub-6 GHz & mmWave)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">4.</td><td class="tocname1">ANTENNA DESIGN</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Introduction</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Shifting to Higher Frequencies Shrinks the Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.2.</td><td class="tocname3">LTE Antenna Teardown</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Radio Frequency Front End (RFFE) Module</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Density of Components in RFFE</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.5.</td><td class="tocname3">RF Module Design Architecture</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Hybrid Heterogeneous Approach</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Examples from Satellite and Phased-array Radar</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Examples from Satellite and Phased-array Radar</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.1.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Examples from Satellite and Phased-array Radar</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Massive MIMO</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">5G Installations by Cell Type and MIMO Size (2020-2032)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Planar vs Non-planar</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.3.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Planar vs Non-planar Design</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.3.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Non-planar Design</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.3.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Planar Design</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.3.4.</td><td class="tocname3">NEC's Antenna Design for Heat Dissipation</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.4.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Use Cases</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Main Suppliers of 5G Active Antenna Unit (AAU)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Case Study: NEC 5G Radio Unit</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Case Study: Samsung 5G Access Solution for SK Telecom</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Case Study: Nokia and CommScope Passive/Active Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Intel and Ericsson 28 GHz All-silicon 64 Dual Polarized Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Fujikura: 28 GHz Phased Array Antenna Module</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Fujikura: 57-71 GHz Module</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Nokia AirScale mMIMO Adaptive Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Sub-6 GHz Antenna Teardowns</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.10.</td><td class="tocname3">mmWave Antenna Teardown</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.4.11.</td><td class="tocname3">Sub-6 GHz and mmWave in One Unit</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Thermal Considerations for the Cell Tower</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.5.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Thermal Considerations for Cell Towers and Base Stations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.5.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Thermal Considerations for Small Cells</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.5.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Nokia's Base Station Liquid Cooling</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.5.4.</td><td class="tocname3">ZTE's Award Winning Base Station Design</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.5.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Antenna Array Design is Just One Consideration</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Antenna Component Forecasts</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.6.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Antenna Elements Forecast (Infrastructure)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.6.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Power Amplifier Forecast by Frequency</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.6.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Power Amplifier Forecast by Station Size</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.6.4.</td><td class="tocname3">BFIC Forecast by Frequency</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">4.6.5.</td><td class="tocname3">BFIC Forecast by Station Size</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">5.</td><td class="tocname1">THE CHOICE OF SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY FOR 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.1.</td><td class="tocname3">5G Frequencies</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Power Amplifier Semiconductor Choices 3G, 4G to 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Basics</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.4.</td><td class="tocname3">The Choice of Semiconductor Technology for 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.5.</td><td class="tocname3">CMOS Types and Alternatives</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Si vs Wide Bandgap for mmWave</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Key Semiconductor Properties</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Key Semiconductor Technology Benchmarking</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Power vs Frequency Map of Power Amplifier Technologies</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.10.</td><td class="tocname3">GaAs vs GaN for RF Power Amplifiers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.11.</td><td class="tocname3">GaAs vs GaN: Power Density and Footprint</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.12.</td><td class="tocname3">GaAs vs GaN: Reliability and Dislocation Density</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.1.13.</td><td class="tocname3">Main Drawbacks of GaN</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.2.</td><td class="tocname2">The GaN Market for RF in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">GaN-on-Si, SiC or Diamond for RF</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">GaN Suppliers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Ampleon</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Analog Devices</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Fujitsu</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Infineon</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.7.</td><td class="tocname3">MACOM</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Mitsubishi Electric</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Mitsubishi Electric</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Northrop Grumman</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.11.</td><td class="tocname3">NXP Semiconductor</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.12.</td><td class="tocname3">NXP Semiconductor</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.13.</td><td class="tocname3">Qorvo</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.14.</td><td class="tocname3">Qorvo Sub-6 GHz Products</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.15.</td><td class="tocname3">Qorvo mmWave Products</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.16.</td><td class="tocname3">Qorvo and Gapwaves mmWave Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.17.</td><td class="tocname3">Qorvo 39 GHz Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.18.</td><td class="tocname3">Raytheon</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.19.</td><td class="tocname3">RFHIC</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.20.</td><td class="tocname3">Sumitomo Electric</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.21.</td><td class="tocname3">STMicroelectronics</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.22.</td><td class="tocname3">Wolfspeed (Cree)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.23.</td><td class="tocname3">Wolfspeed GaN-on-SiC Adoption</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.24.</td><td class="tocname3">Summary of RF GaN Suppliers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.25.</td><td class="tocname3">RF GaN Fabrication Lines</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.26.</td><td class="tocname3">Summary of RF GaN Market for 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.3.</td><td class="tocname2">GaN to Dominate Sub-6 GHz?</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.1.</td><td class="tocname3">LDMOS Dominates Now but Struggles at Sub-6 GHz 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.2.</td><td class="tocname3">GaN to Win in Sub-6 GHz 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Sub-6 GHz Power Amplifier Forecast by Semiconductor Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.4.</td><td class="tocname2">A Different Story for mmWave</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.1.</td><td class="tocname3">The Situation at mmWave 5G is Drastically Different</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Shift to Higher Frequencies Shrinks the Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Major Technological Change: From Broadcast to Directional Communication</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Solving the Power Challenge: High Antenna Gain</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.5.</td><td class="tocname3">The Array Size and PA Performance Trade-off</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.5.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Beamforming ICs Players and Examples</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Analog: 16-channel Dual Polarized BFIC in SOI</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Anokiwave: 4-channel Beamforming ICs in CMOS</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.3.</td><td class="tocname3">MIXCOMM SOI BFICs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.4.</td><td class="tocname3">NXP: 4-channel mmWave BFIC in SiGe</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Otava SiGe BFIC</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.6.</td><td class="tocname3">pSemi SOI</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Renesas: mmWave BFICs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Sivers Semiconductors: Licensed and Unlicensed 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Sivers works with Ampleon and Acquires MIXCOMM</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Sivers 32 Channel BFIC</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.11.</td><td class="tocname3">Summary of BFICs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.12.</td><td class="tocname3">mmWave Power Amplifier Forecast by Semiconductor Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Semiconductor Outlook for 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Semiconductor Comparison</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Semiconductor Choice Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Semiconductor Forecast (2020-2032) for Power Amplifiers by Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Semiconductor Die Area Forecast (2020-2032) for Power Amplifiers by Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">6.</td><td class="tocname1">CURRENT AND FUTURE DIE ATTACH MATERIALS</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Air Cavity vs Plastic Overmold Packages</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Packaging LDMOS Power Amplifiers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Packaging GaN Power Amplifiers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Sub-6 GHz GaN Power Amplifier Example Structure</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.5.</td><td class="tocname3">LDMOS Power Amplifier Structure</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Benchmarking CTE and Thermal Conductivity of Various Packaging Materials</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.7.</td><td class="tocname3">LTCC and HTCC Packages</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.8.</td><td class="tocname3">HTCC Metal-ceramic Package</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.9.</td><td class="tocname3">LTCC RF Transitions in packages</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Built-in Cu Slugs in GaN Packages</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.11.</td><td class="tocname3">Current Die Attach Technology for RF GaN PAs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.12.</td><td class="tocname3">Solder Options and Current Die Attach</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.13.</td><td class="tocname3">Emerging Die Attach Technology for RF GaN PAs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.14.</td><td class="tocname3">Metal Sintering vs Soldering</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.15.</td><td class="tocname3">Challenges with Ag Sintering</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.16.</td><td class="tocname3">Simplifications to the Manufacturing Process</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.17.</td><td class="tocname3">Nano Particle Ag Sinter</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.18.</td><td class="tocname3">Why Metal Sintering?</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.19.</td><td class="tocname3">Gamechanger? Threats to Ag - Cu Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.20.</td><td class="tocname3">Copper Pastes for 5G Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.21.</td><td class="tocname3">Cu Sinter Materials</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.22.</td><td class="tocname3">Cu Sintering: Characteristics</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.1.23.</td><td class="tocname3">Reliability of Cu Sintered Joints</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Suppliers of Ag Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Suppliers for Metal Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Alpha Assembly: Nanoparticle Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Properties of Ag Sintered or Epoxy Die Attach Materials</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Silver-Sintered Paste Performance</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.5.</td><td class="tocname3">AMOGREENTECH</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Bando Chemical: Pressure-less Nano Ag Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Henkel: Micro and Nanoparticle Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Henkel: Ag Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Henkel: Ag Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Heraeus: Ag Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.11.</td><td class="tocname3">Heraeus: Ag Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.12.</td><td class="tocname3">Heraeus: Pressure or Pressure-less Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.13.</td><td class="tocname3">Indium Corp: Quick Ag Pressure-less Sinter Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.14.</td><td class="tocname3">Kyocera: Nano and Microparticle Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.15.</td><td class="tocname3">Kyocera: Pressure-less Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.16.</td><td class="tocname3">Mitsubishi Materials</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.17.</td><td class="tocname3">NAMICS: Low temperature Ag Sintering Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.18.</td><td class="tocname3">NAMICS: Various Ag Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.19.</td><td class="tocname3">NAMICS: Ag Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.20.</td><td class="tocname3">Nihon Handa: Pressure-less Silver Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.21.</td><td class="tocname3">Heraeus and Nihon Handa Cross License</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.22.</td><td class="tocname3">Nihon Superior: Nano Silver Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.23.</td><td class="tocname3">Ntrium: Ag Sintering Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.24.</td><td class="tocname3">Toyo Chem: Nano Ag Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.2.25.</td><td class="tocname3">Ag Sinter Process Conditions Summary</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Suppliers of Cu Sintering Pastes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.3.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Hitachi: Cu Sintering Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.3.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Indium Corporation: Nano Copper Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.3.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Mitsui Mining: Nano Copper Under N2</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.3.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Mitsui Mining: Nano Copper Sintering Under N2</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.3.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Mitsui Mining: Cu Sintering Paste</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.3.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Showa Denko</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.3.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Cu Sinter Process Conditions Summary</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Automation of Die-Attach</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.4.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Automating the die attach for 5G power amplifiers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.4.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Palomar Technologies Automated Sintering</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.4.3.</td><td class="tocname3">ASM AMICRA Microtechnologies</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.4.4.</td><td class="tocname3">BE Semiconductor</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.4.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Legacy and Incumbency for Device Assembly</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast of Die Attach Materials</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.5.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Die Attach for Power Amplifiers Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.5.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Sintering Die Attach for PA and LNA Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">6.5.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Sintering Market Value Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">7.</td><td class="tocname1">IN-PACKAGE HEAT DISSIPATION</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Thermal Conductivity of Key Materials in a Package</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.2.</td><td class="tocname2">2D and 3D Package Architectures</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.3.</td><td class="tocname2">2D Packages: Impact of System Architecture on Heat Dissipation</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Ag Paste to Dissipate Heat from a 3D Package</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Silver Paste Based Heat Dissipation 'Chimneys' Within Packages</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Silver Paste Based Heat Dissipation 'Chimneys' Within Packages</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Creating Thermal Pathways Using Conductive Inks</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">8.</td><td class="tocname1">THERMAL INTERFACE MATERIALS</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.1.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to Thermal Interface Materials (TIM)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.1.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction (2)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.1.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Key Factors in System Level Performance</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.1.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Thermal Conductivity vs Thermal Resistance</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.1.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Bill of Materials and the Importance of Longevity</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.1.6.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Considerations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.1.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Eight Types of Thermal Interface Material</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.1.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Properties of Thermal Interface Materials</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.2.</td><td class="tocname2">TIMs in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Anatomy of a Base Station: Summary</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Baseband Processing Unit and Remote Radio Head</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.2.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Path Evolution from Baseband Unit to Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.2.4.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Types in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.2.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Value Proposition for Liquid TIMs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Addressing EMI and Thermal Challenges in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.3.1.</td><td class="tocname3">EMI is More Challenging in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.3.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Antenna De-sense</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.3.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Multifunctional TIMs as a Solution</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.3.4.</td><td class="tocname3">EMI Gaskets</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.3.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Laird</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.3.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Schlegel - TIM and EMI</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.3.7.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Combined with EMI Shielding Properties</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.4.</td><td class="tocname2">TIM Suppliers for 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.1.</td><td class="tocname3">3M - Boron Nitride Fillers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.2.</td><td class="tocname3">GLPOLY</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Henkel - Liquid TIMs for Data & Telecoms</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Honeywell</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Laird (DuPont)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Momentive</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.7.</td><td class="tocname3">NeoGraf</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Parker</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.9.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Suppliers Targeting 5G Applications</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.4.10.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Properties and Players for 5G Infrastructure</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.5.</td><td class="tocname2">TIMs for Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.5.1.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Example: Samsung 5G Access Point</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.5.2.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Example: Samsung Outdoor CPE Unit</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.5.3.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Example: Samsung Indoor CPE Unit</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.5.4.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Forecast for 5G Antenna by Station Size</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.5.5.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Forecast for 5G Antenna by Station Frequency</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.6.</td><td class="tocname2">TIMs for BBU</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.1.</td><td class="tocname3">The 6 Components of a Baseband Processing Unit</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Thermal Material Opportunities for the BBU</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Examples of 5G BBUs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.4.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM in BBUs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.5.</td><td class="tocname3">BBU Parts I: Main Control Board</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.6.</td><td class="tocname3">BBU Parts II & III: Baseband Processing Board & Transmission Extension Board</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.7.</td><td class="tocname3">BBU Parts IV & V: Radio Interface Board & Satellite-card Board</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.8.</td><td class="tocname3">BBU parts VI: TIM Area in the Power Supply Board</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Summary</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.6.10.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM for 5G BBU</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.7.</td><td class="tocname2">TIMs for 5G Power Supplies</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.7.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Power Consumption in 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.7.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Challenges to the 5G Power Supply Industry</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.7.3.</td><td class="tocname3">The Dawn of Smart Power?</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.7.4.</td><td class="tocname3">GaN Systems - GaN Power Supply and Wireless Power</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.7.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Power Consumption Forecast for 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.7.6.</td><td class="tocname3">TIM Forecast for Power Supplies</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.8.</td><td class="tocname2">Total TIM Forecasts for 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.8.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Total TIM Forecast for 5G Stations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">8.8.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Total TIM Forecast for 5G Stations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">9.</td><td class="tocname1">THERMAL STRATEGIES FOR ACCESS POINTS</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">9.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Access Points</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">9.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Components Affected by Temperature</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">9.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Boyd's Take on Thermal Design for an Access Point</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">9.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Cradlepoint's Wideband Adapter</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">9.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Huawei 5G CPE Unit</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">9.6.</td><td class="tocname2">ZTE 5G Wi-Fi router</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">9.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Developments for Access Points</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">10.</td><td class="tocname1">THERMAL MANAGEMENT FOR 5G MOBILE DEVICES</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Thermal Throttling</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Early 5G Phones Overheating</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Heat and Dissipation in 5G Smartphones</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Materials Selection</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Heat Pipes/ Vapour Chambers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Vapour Chambers: OEMs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.7.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Modem Suppliers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.8.</td><td class="tocname2">Qualcomm's 5G Antenna</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.9.</td><td class="tocname2">Apple's 5G Delay and Intel withdraw from Market</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">10.10.</td><td class="tocname2">Smartphone Cooling Now and in the Future</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">11.</td><td class="tocname1">THERMAL INTERFACE MATERIALS AND HEAT SPREADERS IN SMARTPHONES</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Introduction</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Overview of Thermal Management Materials Application Areas</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy 3</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Apple iPhone 5</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy S6</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy S7</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy S6 and S7 TIM Area Estimates</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.8.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Apple iPhone 7</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.9.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Apple iPhone X</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.10.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy S9</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.11.</td><td class="tocname2">Galaxy Note 9 Carbon Water Cooling System</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.12.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Oppo R17</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.13.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy S10 and S10e</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.14.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: LG v50 ThinQ 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.15.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy S10 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.16.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy Note 10+ 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.17.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Apple iPhone 12</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.18.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: LG v60 ThinQ 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.19.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Nubia Red Magic 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.20.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy S20 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.21.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy S21 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.22.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Samsung Galaxy Note 20 Ultra 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.23.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Huawei Mate 20 X 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.24.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Sony Xperia Pro</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.25.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Apple iPhone 13 Pro</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.26.</td><td class="tocname2">Use-case: Google Pixel 6 Pro</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.27.</td><td class="tocname2">Smartphone Thermal Material Estimate Summary</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.28.</td><td class="tocname2">Trends in Smartphone Thermal Material Utilization</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.29.</td><td class="tocname2">Graphitic Heat Spreaders</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.30.</td><td class="tocname2">Emerging Advanced Material Solutions</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.31.</td><td class="tocname2">Insulation Material</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.32.</td><td class="tocname2">Smartphone Unit Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">11.33.</td><td class="tocname2">Thermal Interface Material and Heat Spreader Forecast in Smartphones</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">12.</td><td class="tocname1">SUMMARY OF REPORT FORECASTS</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.1.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Stations Installed per Year (2020-2032) by Cell Type (macro, micro, pico/femto)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.2.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Stations Installed per Year (2020-2032) by Frequency (Sub-6 GHz & mmWave)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.3.</td><td class="tocname2">5G Installations by Cell Type and MIMO Size (2020-2032)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Antenna Elements Forecast (Infrastructure)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Power Amplifier Forecast by Frequency</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Power Amplifier Forecast by Station Size</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.7.</td><td class="tocname2">BFIC Forecast by Frequency</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.8.</td><td class="tocname2">BFIC Forecast by Station Size</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.9.</td><td class="tocname2">Sub-6 GHz Power Amplifier Forecast by Semiconductor Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.10.</td><td class="tocname2">mmWave Power Amplifier Forecast by Semiconductor Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.11.</td><td class="tocname2">Semiconductor Forecast (2020-2032) for Power Amplifiers by Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.12.</td><td class="tocname2">Semiconductor Die Area Forecast (2020-2032) for Power Amplifiers by Technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.13.</td><td class="tocname2">Die Attach for Power Amplifiers Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.14.</td><td class="tocname2">Sintering Die Attach for PA and LNA Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.15.</td><td class="tocname2">Sintering Market Value Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.16.</td><td class="tocname2">TIM Forecast for 5G Antenna by Station Size</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.17.</td><td class="tocname2">TIM Forecast for 5G Antenna by Station Frequency</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.18.</td><td class="tocname2">TIM for 5G BBU</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.19.</td><td class="tocname2">Power Consumption Forecast for 5G</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.20.</td><td class="tocname2">TIM Forecast for Power Supplies</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.21.</td><td class="tocname2">Total TIM Forecast for 5G Stations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.22.</td><td class="tocname2">Smartphone Unit Forecast</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">12.23.</td><td class="tocname2">Thermal Interface Material and Heat Spreader Forecast in Smartphones</td></tr> </table> <div> </div> </div> <div class="report-orderinfo"> <h2 class="sectionheading ordering-information">Ordering Information</h2> <h2>Thermal Management for 5G 2022-2032</h2> <div class="prices-wrapper ajaxrep" data-name="prices" data-publicationid="857"> <div class="price-container"><div class="tabs"><span class="tab-GBP" data-curcode="GBP">£</span><span class="tab-EUR" data-curcode="EUR">€</span><span class="tab-USD" data-curcode="USD">$</span><span class="tab-JPY" data-curcode="JPY">¥</span><span class="tab-CNY" data-curcode="CNY">元</span></div><div class="pricesets"><div class="priceset priceset-GBP"><div> <div 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