CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: joint fusion</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: joint fusion"> <meta name="keywords" content="joint fusion"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="joint fusion" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="joint fusion"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1531</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: joint fusion</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1531</span> Age Determination from Epiphyseal Union of Bones at Shoulder Joint in Girls of Central India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Tirpude">B. Tirpude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Surwade"> V. Surwade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Murkey"> P. Murkey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Wankhade"> P. Wankhade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Meena"> S. Meena </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is no statistical data to establish variation in epiphyseal fusion in girls in central India population. This significant oversight can lead to exclusion of persons of interest in a forensic investigation. Epiphyseal fusion of proximal end of humerus in eighty females were analyzed on radiological basis to assess the range of variation of epiphyseal fusion at each age. In the study, the X ray films of the subjects were divided into three groups on the basis of degree of fusion. Firstly, those which were showing No Epiphyseal Fusion (N), secondly those showing Partial Union (PC), and thirdly those showing Complete Fusion (C). Observations made were compared with the previous studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epiphyseal%20union" title="epiphyseal union">epiphyseal union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20joint" title=" shoulder joint"> shoulder joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximal%20end%20of%20humerus" title=" proximal end of humerus"> proximal end of humerus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19684/age-determination-from-epiphyseal-union-of-bones-at-shoulder-joint-in-girls-of-central-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1530</span> Micro-Study of Dissimilar Welded Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzeddin%20Anawa">Ezzeddin Anawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdol-Ghane%20Olabi"> Abdol-Ghane Olabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dissimilar joint between aluminum /titanium alloys (Al 6082 and Ti G2) alloys were successfully achieved by CO2 laser welding with a single pass and without filler material using the overlap joint design. Laser welding parameters ranges combinations were experimentally determined using Taguchi approach with the objective of producing welded joint with acceptable welding profile and high quality of mechanical properties. In this study a joining of dissimilar Al 6082 / Ti G2 was result in three distinct regions fusion area (FA), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the unaffected base metal (BM) in the weldment. These regions are studied in terms of its microstructural characteristics and microhardness which are directly affecting the welding quality. The weld metal was mainly composed of martensite alpha prime. In two different metals in the two different sides of joint HAZ, grain growth was detected. The microhardness of the joint distribution also has shown microhardness increasing in the HAZ of two base metals and a varying microhardness in fusion zone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microharness" title="microharness ">microharness </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20welding%20and%20dissimilar%20jointed%20materials." title=" laser welding and dissimilar jointed materials."> laser welding and dissimilar jointed materials.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6976/micro-study-of-dissimilar-welded-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1529</span> Multimodal Data Fusion Techniques in Audiovisual Speech Recognition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadeer%20M.%20Sayed">Hadeer M. Sayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesham%20E.%20El%20Deeb"> Hesham E. El Deeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shereen%20A.%20Taie"> Shereen A. Taie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the big data era, we are facing a diversity of datasets from different sources in different domains that describe a single life event. These datasets consist of multiple modalities, each of which has a different representation, distribution, scale, and density. Multimodal fusion is the concept of integrating information from multiple modalities in a joint representation with the goal of predicting an outcome through a classification task or regression task. In this paper, multimodal fusion techniques are classified into two main classes: model-agnostic techniques and model-based approaches. It provides a comprehensive study of recent research in each class and outlines the benefits and limitations of each of them. Furthermore, the audiovisual speech recognition task is expressed as a case study of multimodal data fusion approaches, and the open issues through the limitations of the current studies are presented. This paper can be considered a powerful guide for interested researchers in the field of multimodal data fusion and audiovisual speech recognition particularly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20data" title="multimodal data">multimodal data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20fusion" title=" data fusion"> data fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audio-visual%20speech%20recognition" title=" audio-visual speech recognition"> audio-visual speech recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20networks" title=" neural networks"> neural networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157362/multimodal-data-fusion-techniques-in-audiovisual-speech-recognition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1528</span> The Optimization of Decision Rules in Multimodal Decision-Level Fusion Scheme</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20V.%20Timofeev">Andrey V. Timofeev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20V.%20Egorov"> Dmitry V. Egorov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduces an original method of parametric optimization of the structure for multimodal decision-level fusion scheme which combines the results of the partial solution of the classification task obtained from assembly of the mono-modal classifiers. As a result, a multimodal fusion classifier which has the minimum value of the total error rate has been obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20accuracy" title="classification accuracy">classification accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusion%20solution" title=" fusion solution"> fusion solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20error%20rate" title=" total error rate"> total error rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20fusion%20classifier" title=" multimodal fusion classifier"> multimodal fusion classifier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26088/the-optimization-of-decision-rules-in-multimodal-decision-level-fusion-scheme" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1527</span> Effect of Ageing of Laser-Treated Surfaces on Corrosion Resistance of Fusion-bonded Al Joints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rio%20Hirakawa">Rio Hirakawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian%20Gundlach"> Christian Gundlach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sven%20Hartwig"> Sven Hartwig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aluminium has been used in a wide range of industrial applications due to its numerous advantages, including excellent specific strength, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, workability and recyclability. The automotive industry is increasingly adopting multi-materials, including aluminium in structures and components to improve the mechanical usability and performance of individual components. A common method for assembling dissimilar materials is mechanical joining, but mechanical joining requires multiple manufacturing steps, affects the mechanical properties of the base material and increases the weight due to additional metal parts. Fusion bonding is being used in more and more industries as a way of avoiding the above drawbacks. Infusion bonding, and surface pre-treatment of the base material is essential to ensure the long-life durability of the joint. Laser surface treatment of aluminium has been shown to improve the durability of the joint by forming a passive oxide film and roughening the substrate surface. Infusion bonding, the polymer bonds directly to the metal instead of the adhesive, but the sensitivity to interfacial contamination is higher due to the chemical activity and molecular size of the polymer. Laser-treated surfaces are expected to absorb impurities from the storage atmosphere over time, but the effect of such changes in the treated surface over time on the durability of fusion-bonded joints has not yet been fully investigated. In this paper, the effect of the ageing of laser-treated surfaces of aluminum alloys on the corrosion resistance of fusion-bonded joints is therefore investigated. AlMg3 of 1.5 mm thickness was cut using a water-jet cutting machine, cleaned and degreased with isopropanol and surface pre-treated with a pulsed fiber laser at a wavelength of 1060 nm, maximum power of 70 W and repetition rate of 55 kHz. The aluminum surfaces were then stored in air for various periods of time and their corrosion resistance was assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For the aluminum joints, induction heating was employed as the fusion bonding method and single-lap shear specimens were prepared. The corrosion resistance of the joints was assessed by measuring the lap shear strength before and after neutral salt spray. Cross-sectional observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also carried out to investigate changes in the microstructure of the bonded interface. Finally, the corrosion resistance of the surface and the joint were compared and the differences in the mechanisms of corrosion resistance enhancement between the two were discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20surface%20treatment" title="laser surface treatment">laser surface treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-treatment" title=" pre-treatment"> pre-treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bonding" title=" bonding"> bonding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface" title=" interface"> interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive" title=" automotive"> automotive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20alloys" title=" aluminium alloys"> aluminium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint" title=" joint"> joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusion%20bonding" title=" fusion bonding"> fusion bonding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169563/effect-of-ageing-of-laser-treated-surfaces-on-corrosion-resistance-of-fusion-bonded-al-joints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169563.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1526</span> 316L Passive Film Modification During Pitting Corrosion Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Sriba">Amina Sriba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, interactions between the chemical elements forming the passive film of welded austenitic stainless steel during pitting corrosion are studied. We pay special attention to the chemical elements chromium, molybdenum, iron, nickel, and silicon since they make up the passive film that covers the fusion zone's surface in the welded joint. Molybdenum and chromium are typically the two essential components that control the three crucial stages of pit formation. It was found that while the involvement of chromium is more prominent during the propagation of a pit that has already begun, the enrichment of the molybdenum element in the passive film becomes apparent from the first stage of pit initiation. Additionally, during the pitting corrosion process, there was a noticeable fluctuation in the quantities of the produced oxides and hydroxide species from zone to zone. Regarding the formed hydroxide species, we clearly see that Nickel hydroxides are added to those of Chromium to constitute the outer layer in the passive film of the fusion zone sample, compared to the base metal sample, where only Chromium hydroxide formed on its surface during the pitting corrosion process. This reaction is caused by the preferential dissolution of the austenite phase instead of ferrite in the fusion zone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusion%20zone" title="fusion zone">fusion zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20film" title=" passive film"> passive film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20elements" title=" chemical elements"> chemical elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pit" title=" pit"> pit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186833/316l-passive-film-modification-during-pitting-corrosion-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1525</span> Performance of Hybrid Image Fusion: Implementation of Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform Technique </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoj%20Gupta">Manoj Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirmendra%20Singh%20Bhadauria"> Nirmendra Singh Bhadauria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most of the applications in image processing require high spatial and high spectral resolution in a single image. For example satellite image system, the traffic monitoring system, and long range sensor fusion system all use image processing. However, most of the available equipment is not capable of providing this type of data. The sensor in the surveillance system can only cover the view of a small area for a particular focus, yet the demanding application of this system requires a view with a high coverage of the field. Image fusion provides the possibility of combining different sources of information. In this paper, we have decomposed the image using DTCWT and then fused using average and hybrid of (maxima and average) pixel level techniques and then compared quality of both the images using PSNR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20fusion" title="image fusion">image fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DWT" title=" DWT"> DWT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DT-CWT" title=" DT-CWT"> DT-CWT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSNR" title=" PSNR"> PSNR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=average%20image%20fusion" title=" average image fusion"> average image fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20image%20fusion" title=" hybrid image fusion"> hybrid image fusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19207/performance-of-hybrid-image-fusion-implementation-of-dual-tree-complex-wavelet-transform-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19207.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">606</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1524</span> Changes in the Median Sacral Crest Associated with Sacrocaudal Fusion in the Greyhound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Ismail">S. M. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H-H%20Yen"> H-H Yen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20M.%20Murray"> C. M. Murray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20S.%20Davies"> H. M. S. Davies</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A recent study reported a 33% incidence of complete sacrocaudal fusion in greyhounds compared to a 3% incidence in other dogs. In the dog, the median sacral crest is formed by the fusion of sacral spinous processes. Separation of the 1st spinous process from the median crest of the sacrum in the dog has been reported as a diagnostic tool of type one lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV). LTV is a congenital spinal anomaly, which includes either sacralization of the caudal lumbar part or lumbarization of the most cranial sacral segment of the spine. In this study, the absence or reduction of fusion (presence of separation) between the 1st and 2ndspinous processes of the median sacral crest has been identified in association with sacrocaudal fusion in the greyhound, without any feature of LTV. In order to provide quantitative data on the absence or reduction of fusion in the median sacral crest between the 1st and 2nd sacral spinous processes, in association with sacrocaudal fusion. 204 dog sacrums free of any pathological changes (192 greyhound, 9 beagles and 3 labradors) were grouped based on the occurrence and types of fusion and the presence, absence, or reduction in the median sacral crest between the 1st and 2nd sacral spinous processes., Sacrums were described and classified as follows: F: Complete fusion (crest is present), N: Absence (fusion is absent), and R: Short crest (fusion reduced but not absent (reduction). The incidence of sacrocaudal fusion in the 204 sacrums: 57% of the sacrums were standard (3 vertebrae) and 43% were fused (4 vertebrae). Type of sacrum had a significant (p < .05) association with the absence and reduction of fusion between the 1st and 2nd sacral spinous processes of the median sacral crest. In the 108 greyhounds with standard sacrums (3 vertebrae) the percentages of F, N and R were 45% 23% and 23% respectively, while in the 84 fused (4 vertebrae) sacrums, the percentages of F, N and R were 3%, 87% and 10% respectively and these percentages were significantly different between standard (3 vertebrae) and fused (4 vertebrae) sacrums (p < .05). This indicates that absence of spinous process fusion in the median sacral crest was found in a large percentage of the greyhounds in this study and was found to be particularly prevalent in those with sacrocaudal fusion – therefore in this breed, at least, absence of sacral spinous process fusion may be unlikely to be associated with LTV. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greyhound" title="greyhound">greyhound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=median%20sacral%20crest" title=" median sacral crest"> median sacral crest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacrocaudal%20fusion" title=" sacrocaudal fusion"> sacrocaudal fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacral%20spinous%20process" title=" sacral spinous process"> sacral spinous process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47980/changes-in-the-median-sacral-crest-associated-with-sacrocaudal-fusion-in-the-greyhound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1523</span> Implementation of Sensor Fusion Structure of 9-Axis Sensors on the Multipoint Control Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Gil%20Ahn">Jun Gil Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Tae%20Kim"> Jong Tae Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study the sensor fusion structure on the multipoint control unit (MCU). Sensor fusion using Kalman filter for 9-axis sensors is considered. The 9-axis inertial sensor is the combination of 3-axis accelerometer, 3-axis gyroscope and 3-axis magnetometer. We implement the sensor fusion structure among the sensor hubs in MCU and measure the execution time, power consumptions, and total energy. Experiments with real data from 9-axis sensor in 20Mhz show that the average power consumptions are 44mW and 48mW on Cortx-M0 and Cortex-M3 MCU, respectively. Execution times are 613.03 us and 305.6 us respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=9-axis%20sensor" title="9-axis sensor">9-axis sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCU" title=" MCU"> MCU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20fusion" title=" sensor fusion"> sensor fusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84323/implementation-of-sensor-fusion-structure-of-9-axis-sensors-on-the-multipoint-control-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1522</span> Computational Models for Accurate Estimation of Joint Forces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Elnour%20Abdelrahman%20Eltayeb">Ibrahim Elnour Abdelrahman Eltayeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computational modelling is a method used to investigate joint forces during a movement. It can get high accuracy in the joint forces via subject-specific models. However, the construction of subject-specific models remains time-consuming and expensive. The purpose of this paper was to identify what alterations we can make to generic computational models to get a better estimation of the joint forces. It appraised the impact of these alterations on the accuracy of the estimated joint forces. It found different strategies of alterations: joint model, muscle model, and an optimisation problem. All these alterations affected joint contact force accuracy, so showing the potential for improving the model predictions without involving costly and time-consuming medical images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20force" title="joint force">joint force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20model" title=" joint model"> joint model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimisation%20problem" title=" optimisation problem"> optimisation problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158393/computational-models-for-accurate-estimation-of-joint-forces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1521</span> Temperature Evolution, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Heat-Treatable Aluminum Alloy Welded by Friction Stir Welding: Comparison with Tungsten Inert Gas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saliha%20Gachi">Saliha Gachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouloud%20Aissani"> Mouloud Aissani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouad%20Boubenider"> Fouad Boubenider</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding technique that can join material without melting the plates to be welded. In this work, we are interested to demonstrate the potentiality of FSW for joining the heat-treatable aluminum alloy 2024-T3 which is reputed as difficult to be welded by fusion techniques. Thereafter, the FSW joint is compared with another one obtained from a conventional fusion process Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG). FSW welds are made up using an FSW tool mounted on a milling machine. Single pass welding was applied to fabricated TIG joint. The comparison between the two processes has been made on the temperature evolution, mechanical and microstructure behavior. The microstructural examination revealed that FSW weld is composed of four zones: Base metal (BM), Heat affected zone (HAZ), Thermo-mechanical affected zone (THAZ) and the nugget zone (NZ). The NZ exhibits a recrystallized equiaxed refined grains that induce better mechanical properties and good ductility compared to TIG joint where the grains have a larger size in the welded region compared with the BM due to the elevated heat input. The microhardness results show that, in FSW weld, the THAZ contains the lowest microhardness values and increase in the NZ; however, in TIG process, the lowest values are localized on the NZ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title="friction stir welding">friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tungsten%20inert%20gaz" title=" tungsten inert gaz"> tungsten inert gaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title=" aluminum"> aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92048/temperature-evolution-microstructure-and-mechanical-properties-of-heat-treatable-aluminum-alloy-welded-by-friction-stir-welding-comparison-with-tungsten-inert-gas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1520</span> Efficient Feature Fusion for Noise Iris in Unconstrained Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yao-Hong%20Tsai">Yao-Hong Tsai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an efficient fusion algorithm for iris images to generate stable feature for recognition in unconstrained environment. Recently, iris recognition systems are focused on real scenarios in our daily life without the subject’s cooperation. Under large variation in the environment, the objective of this paper is to combine information from multiple images of the same iris. The result of image fusion is a new image which is more stable for further iris recognition than each original noise iris image. A wavelet-based approach for multi-resolution image fusion is applied in the fusion process. The detection of the iris image is based on Adaboost algorithm and then local binary pattern (LBP) histogram is then applied to texture classification with the weighting scheme. Experiment showed that the generated features from the proposed fusion algorithm can improve the performance for verification system through iris recognition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20fusion" title="image fusion">image fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iris%20recognition" title=" iris recognition"> iris recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20binary%20pattern" title=" local binary pattern"> local binary pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet" title=" wavelet"> wavelet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17027/efficient-feature-fusion-for-noise-iris-in-unconstrained-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1519</span> Intermetallic Phases in the Fusion Weld of CP Ti to Stainless Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juzar%20Vohra">Juzar Vohra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravish%20Malhotra"> Ravish Malhotra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tim%20Pasang"> Tim Pasang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mana%20Azizi"> Mana Azizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Tao"> Yuan Tao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masami%20Mizutani">Masami Mizutani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, dissimilar welding of titanium to stainless steels is reported. Laser Beam Welding (LBW) and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) were employed to join CPTi to SS304. The welds were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). FeTi, Ti2Cr and Fe2Ti dendrites are formed along with beta phase titanium matrix. The hardness values of these phases are high which makes them brittle and leading to cracking along the weld pool. However, it is believed that cracking, hence, fracturing of this weld joint is largely due to the difference in thermal properties of the two alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissimilar%20metals" title="dissimilar metals">dissimilar metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusion%20welding" title=" fusion welding"> fusion welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intermetallics" title=" intermetallics"> intermetallics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brittle" title=" brittle"> brittle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35283/intermetallic-phases-in-the-fusion-weld-of-cp-ti-to-stainless-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1518</span> Sampling Two-Channel Nonseparable Wavelets and Its Applications in Multispectral Image Fusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Liu">Bin Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weijie%20Liu"> Weijie Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Sun"> Bin Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yihui%20Luo"> Yihui Luo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to solve the problem of lower spatial resolution and block effect in the fusion method based on separable wavelet transform in the resulting fusion image, a new sampling mode based on multi-resolution analysis of two-channel non separable wavelet transform, whose dilation matrix is [1,1;1,-1], is presented and a multispectral image fusion method based on this kind of sampling mode is proposed. Filter banks related to this kind of wavelet are constructed, and multiresolution decomposition of the intensity of the MS and panchromatic image are performed in the sampled mode using the constructed filter bank. The low- and high-frequency coefficients are fused by different fusion rules. The experiment results show that this method has good visual effect. The fusion performance has been noted to outperform the IHS fusion method, as well as, the fusion methods based on DWT, IHS-DWT, IHS-Contourlet transform, and IHS-Curvelet transform in preserving both spectral quality and high spatial resolution information. Furthermore, when compared with the fusion method based on nonsubsampled two-channel non separable wavelet, the proposed method has been observed to have higher spatial resolution and good global spectral information. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20fusion" title="image fusion">image fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-channel%20sampled%20nonseparable%20wavelets" title=" two-channel sampled nonseparable wavelets"> two-channel sampled nonseparable wavelets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multispectral%20image" title=" multispectral image"> multispectral image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panchromatic%20image" title=" panchromatic image"> panchromatic image</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15357/sampling-two-channel-nonseparable-wavelets-and-its-applications-in-multispectral-image-fusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15357.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1517</span> Estimating Age in Deceased Persons from the North Indian Population Using Ossification of the Sternoclavicular Joint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balaji%20Devanathan">Balaji Devanathan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gokul%20G."> Gokul G.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raveena%20Divya"> Raveena Divya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhishek%20Yadav"> Abhishek Yadav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhir%20K.%20Gupta"> Sudhir K. Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Age estimation is a common problem in administrative settings, medico legal cases, and among athletes competing in different sports. Age estimation is a problem in medico legal problems that arise in hospitals when there has been a criminal abortion, when consenting to surgery or a general physical examination, when there has been infanticide, impotence, sterility, etc. Medical imaging progress has benefited forensic anthropology in various ways, most notably in the area of determining bone age. An efficient method for researching the epiphyseal union and other differences in the body's bones and joints is multi-slice computed tomography. There isn't a significant database on Indians available. So to obtain an Indian based database author has performed this original study. Methodologies: The appearance and fusion of ossification centre of sternoclavicular joint is evaluated, and grades were assigned accordingly. Using MSCT scans, we examined the relationship between the age of the deceased and alterations in the sternoclavicular joint during the appearance and union in 500 instances, 327 men and 173 females, in the age range of 0 to 25 years. Results: According to our research in both the male and female groups, the ossification centre for the medial end of the clavicle first appeared between the ages of 18.5 and 17.1 respectively. The age range of the partial union was 20.4 and 20.2 years old. The earliest age of complete fusion was 23 years for males and 22 years for females. For fusion of their sternebrae into one, age range is 11–24 years for females and 17–24 years. The fusion of the third and fourth sternebrae was completed by 11 years. The fusions of the first and second and second and third sternebrae occur by the age of 17 years. Furthermore, correlation and reliability were carried out which yielded significant results. Conclusion: With numerous exceptions, the projected values are consistent with a large number of the previously developed age charts. These variations may be caused by the ethnic or regional heterogeneity in the ossification pattern among the population under study. The pattern of bone maturation did not significantly differ between the sexes, according to the study. The study's age range was 0 to 25 years, and for obvious reasons, the majority of the occurrences occurred in the last five years, or between 20 and 25 years of age. This resulted in a comparatively smaller study population for the 12–18 age group, where age estimate is crucial because of current legal requirements. It will require specialized PMCT research in this age range to produce population standard charts for age estimate. The medial end of the clavicle is one of several ossification foci that are being thoroughly investigated since they are challenging to assess with a traditional X-ray examination. Combining the two has been shown to be a valid result when it comes to raising the age beyond eighteen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age%20estimation" title="age estimation">age estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sternoclavicular%20joint" title=" sternoclavicular joint"> sternoclavicular joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medial%20clavicle" title=" medial clavicle"> medial clavicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185839/estimating-age-in-deceased-persons-from-the-north-indian-population-using-ossification-of-the-sternoclavicular-joint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">44</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1516</span> Design Modification of Lap Joint of Fiber Metal Laminates (CARALL)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaher%20Bano">Shaher Bano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samia%20Fida"> Samia Fida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Israr"> Asif Israr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The synergistic effect of properties of metals and fibers reinforced laminates has diverted attention of the world towards use of robust composite materials known as fiber-metal laminates in many high performance applications. In this study, modification of an adhesively bonded joint as a single lap joint of carbon fibers based CARALL FML has done to increase interlaminar shear strength of the joint. The effect of different configurations of joint designs such as spews, stepped and modification in adhesive by addition of nano-fillers was studied. Both experimental and simulation results showed that modified joint design have superior properties as maximum force experienced stepped joint was 1.5 times more than the simple lap joint. Addition of carbon nano-tubes as nano-fillers in the adhesive joint increased the maximum force due to crack deflection mechanism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesive%20joint" title="adhesive joint">adhesive joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carbon%20Reinforced%20Aluminium%20Laminate%20%28CARALL%29" title=" Carbon Reinforced Aluminium Laminate (CARALL)"> Carbon Reinforced Aluminium Laminate (CARALL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20metal%20laminates" title=" fiber metal laminates"> fiber metal laminates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spews" title=" spews"> spews</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78274/design-modification-of-lap-joint-of-fiber-metal-laminates-carall" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1515</span> Variations in the Angulation of the First Sacral Spinous Process Angle Associated with Sacrocaudal Fusion in Greyhounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sa%27ad%20M.%20Ismail">Sa'ad M. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hung-Hsun%20Yen"> Hung-Hsun Yen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20M.%20Murray"> Christina M. Murray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20M.%20S.%20Davies"> Helen M. S. Davies</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the dog, the median sacral crest is formed by the fusion of three sacral spinous processes. In greyhounds with standard sacrums, this fusion in the median sacral crest consists of the fusion of three sacral spinous processes while it consists of four in greyhounds with sacrocaudal fusion. In the present study, variations in the angulation of the first sacral spinous process in association with different types of sacrocaudal fusion in the greyhound were investigated. Sacrums were collected from 207 greyhounds (102 sacrums; type A (unfused) and 105 with different types of sacrocaudal fusion; types: B, C and D). Sacrums were cleaned by boiling and dried and then were placed on their ventral surface on a flat surface and photographed from the left side using a digital camera at a fixed distance. The first sacral spinous process angle (1st SPA) was defined as the angle formed between the cranial border of the cranial ridge of the first sacral spinous process and the line extending across the most dorsal surface points of the spinous processes of the S1, S2, and S3. Image-Pro Express Version 5.0 imaging software was used to draw and measure the angles. Two photographs were taken for each sacrum and two repeat measurements were also taken of each angle. The mean value of the 1st SPA in greyhounds with sacrocaudal fusion was less (98.99°, SD ± 11, n = 105) than those in greyhounds with standard sacrums (99.77°, SD ± 9.18, n = 102) but was not significantly different (P < 0.05). Among greyhounds with different types of sacrocaudal fusion the mean value of the 1st SPA was as follows: type B; 97.73°, SD ± 10.94, n = 39, type C: 101.42°, SD ± 10.51, n = 52, and type D: 94.22°, SD ± 11.30, n = 12. For all types of fusion these angles were significantly different from each other (P < 0.05). Comparing the mean value of the1st SPA in standard sacrums (Type A) with that for each type of fusion separately showed that the only significantly different angulation (P < 0.05) was between standard sacrums and sacrums with sacrocaudal fusion sacrum type D (only body fusion between the S1 and Ca1). Different types of sacrocaudal fusion were associated with variations in the angle of the first sacral spinous process. These variations may affect the alignment and biomechanics of the sacral area and the pattern of movement and/or the force produced by both hind limbs to the cranial parts of the body and may alter the loading of other parts of the body. We concluded that any variations in the sacrum anatomical features might change the function of the sacrum or surrounding anatomical structures during movement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angulation%20of%20first%20sacral%20spinous%20process" title="angulation of first sacral spinous process">angulation of first sacral spinous process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title=" biomechanics"> biomechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greyhound" title=" greyhound"> greyhound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locomotion" title=" locomotion"> locomotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacrocaudal%20fusion" title=" sacrocaudal fusion"> sacrocaudal fusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74942/variations-in-the-angulation-of-the-first-sacral-spinous-process-angle-associated-with-sacrocaudal-fusion-in-greyhounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1514</span> Joint Physical Custody: Lessons from the European Union</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Kami%C5%84ska">Katarzyna Kamińska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When thinking about custodial arrangements after divorce or separation, there has been a shift from sole custody, particularly maternal preference, to joint physical custody. In many Western countries, an increasing of children with separated parents have joint physical custody, which is believed to be in the best interests of the child, as children can maintain personal relations and direct contact with both parents on a regular basis. The aim of the article is to examine joint physical custody, both from the perspective of the binding legal instruments that are relevant to joint physical custody, the Principles of European Family Law drafted by the CEFL, as well as the international research on this matter. The thesis underlying this paper is that joint physical custody is in itself neither good nor bad, and it depends on how the arrangements are managed by the parents. The paper includes a reflection on joint physical custody in the face of the COVID-19 crisis. The results indicate that in normal circumstances, joint physical custody demands broad communication, and now it times of crisis, we need over-communication about children and plans. Only a very tight and coordinated co-parenting plan make the whole family safer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20physical%20custody" title="joint physical custody">joint physical custody</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-parenting" title=" co-parenting"> co-parenting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20welfare" title=" child welfare"> child welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144611/joint-physical-custody-lessons-from-the-european-union" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1513</span> Multi-Channel Information Fusion in C-OTDR Monitoring Systems: Various Approaches to Classify of Targeted Events</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20V.%20Timofeev">Andrey V. Timofeev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents new results concerning selection of optimal information fusion formula for ensembles of C-OTDR channels. The goal of information fusion is to create an integral classificator designed for effective classification of seismoacoustic target events. The LPBoost (LP-β and LP-B variants), the Multiple Kernel Learning, and Weighing of Inversely as Lipschitz Constants (WILC) approaches were compared. The WILC is a brand new approach to optimal fusion of Lipschitz Classifiers Ensembles. Results of practical usage are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lipschitz%20Classifier" title="Lipschitz Classifier">Lipschitz Classifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classifiers%20ensembles" title=" classifiers ensembles"> classifiers ensembles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LPBoost" title=" LPBoost"> LPBoost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-OTDR%20systems" title=" C-OTDR systems"> C-OTDR systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21072/multi-channel-information-fusion-in-c-otdr-monitoring-systems-various-approaches-to-classify-of-targeted-events" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1512</span> Variations in the 7th Lumbar (L7) Vertebra Length Associated with Sacrocaudal Fusion in Greyhounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sa%60ad%20M.%20Ismail">Sa`ad M. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hung-Hsun%20Yen"> Hung-Hsun Yen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20M.%20Murray"> Christina M. Murray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20M.%20S.%20Davies"> Helen M. S. Davies</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The lumbosacral junction (where the 7th lumbar vertebra (L7) articulates with the sacrum) is a clinically important area in the dog. The 7th lumbar vertebra (L7) is normally shorter than other lumbar vertebrae, and it has been reported that variations in the L7 length may be associated with other abnormal anatomical findings. These variations included the reduction or absence of the portion of the median sacral crest. In this study, 53 greyhound cadavers were placed in right lateral recumbency, and two lateral radiographs were taken of the lumbosacral region for each greyhound. The length of the 6th lumbar (L6) vertebra and L7 were measured using radiographic measurement software and was defined to be the mean of three lines drawn from the caudal to the cranial edge of the L6 and L7 vertebrae (a dorsal, middle, and ventral line) between specific landmarks. Sacrocaudal fusion was found in 41.5% of the greyhounds. The mean values of the length of L6, L7, and the ratio of the L6/L7 length of the greyhounds with sacrocaudal fusion were all greater than those with standard sacrums (three sacral vertebrae). There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the mean values of the length of L7 between the greyhounds without sacrocaudal fusion (mean = 29.64, SD ± 2.07) and those with sacrocaudal fusion (mean = 30.86, SD ± 1.80), but, there was no significant difference in the mean value of the length of the L6 measurement. Among different types of sacrocaudal fusion, the longest L7 was found in greyhounds with sacrum type D, intermediate length in those with sacrum type B, and the shortest was found in those with sacrums type C, and the mean values of the ratio of the L6/L7 were 1.11 (SD ± 0.043), 1.15, (SD ± 0.025), and 1.15 (SD ± 0.011) for the types B, C, and D respectively. No significant differences in the mean values of the length of L6 or L7 were found among the different types of sacrocaudal fusion. The occurrence of sacrocaudal fusion might affect direct anatomically connected structures such as the L7. The variation in the length of L7 between greyhounds with sacrocaudal fusion and those without may reflect the possible sequences of the process of fusion. Variations in the length of the L7 vertebra in greyhounds may be associated with the occurrence of sacrocaudal fusion. The variation in the vertebral length may affect the alignment and biomechanical properties of the sacrum and may alter the loading. We concluded that any variations in the sacrum anatomical features might change the function of the sacrum or the surrounding anatomical structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title="biomechanics">biomechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greyhound" title=" Greyhound"> Greyhound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacrocaudal%20fusion" title=" sacrocaudal fusion"> sacrocaudal fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locomotion" title=" locomotion"> locomotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6th%20Lumbar%20%28L6%29%20Vertebra" title=" 6th Lumbar (L6) Vertebra"> 6th Lumbar (L6) Vertebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=7th%20Lumbar%20%28L7%29%20Vertebra" title=" 7th Lumbar (L7) Vertebra"> 7th Lumbar (L7) Vertebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratio%20of%20the%20L6%2FL7%20length" title=" ratio of the L6/L7 length"> ratio of the L6/L7 length</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74939/variations-in-the-7th-lumbar-l7-vertebra-length-associated-with-sacrocaudal-fusion-in-greyhounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74939.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1511</span> Clinical Relevance of TMPRSS2-ERG Fusion Marker for Prostate Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shalu%20Jain">Shalu Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anju%20Bansal"> Anju Bansal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anup%20Kumar"> Anup Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunita%20Saxena"> Sunita Saxena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The novel TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion is a common somatic event in prostate cancer that in some studies is linked with a more aggressive disease phenotype. Thus, this study aims to determine whether clinical variables are associated with the presence of TMPRSS2:ERG-fusion gene transcript in Indian patients of prostate cancer. Methods: We evaluated the clinical variables with presence and absence of TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion in prostate cancer and BPH association of clinical patients. Patients referred for prostate biopsy because of abnormal DRE or/and elevated sPSA were enrolled for this prospective clinical study. TMPRSS2:ERG mRNA copies in samples were quantified using a Taqman chemistry by real time PCR assay in prostate biopsy samples (N=42). The T2:ERG assay detects the gene fusion mRNA isoform TMPRSS2 exon1 to ERG exon4. Results: Histopathology report has confirmed 25 cases as prostate cancer adenocarcinoma (PCa) and 17 patients as benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Out of 25 PCa cases, 16 (64%) were T2: ERG fusion positive. All 17 BPH controls were fusion negative. The T2:ERG fusion transcript was exclusively specific for prostate cancer as no case of BPH was detected having T2:ERG fusion, showing 100% specificity. The positive predictive value of fusion marker for prostate cancer is thus 100% and the negative predictive value is 65.3%. The T2:ERG fusion marker is significantly associated with clinical variables like no. of positive cores in prostate biopsy, Gleason score, serum PSA, perineural invasion, perivascular invasion and periprostatic fat involvement. Conclusions: Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease that may be defined by molecular subtypes such as the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion. In the present prospective study, the T2:ERG quantitative assay demonstrated high specificity for predicting biopsy outcome; sensitivity was similar to the prevalence of T2:ERG gene fusions in prostate tumors. These data suggest that further improvement in diagnostic accuracy could be achieved using a nomogram that combines T2:ERG with other markers and risk factors for prostate cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate%20cancer" title="prostate cancer">prostate cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20rearrangement" title=" genetic rearrangement"> genetic rearrangement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TMPRSS2%3AERG%20fusion" title=" TMPRSS2:ERG fusion"> TMPRSS2:ERG fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20variables" title=" clinical variables"> clinical variables</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8830/clinical-relevance-of-tmprss2-erg-fusion-marker-for-prostate-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1510</span> Numerical Analysis of Crack's Effects in a Dissimilar Welded Joint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20N.%20L.%20Alves">Daniel N. L. Alves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcelo%20C.%20Rodrigues"> Marcelo C. Rodrigues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20G.%20de%20Almeida"> Jose G. de Almeida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The search for structural efficiency in mechanical systems has been strongly exerted with aim of economic optimization and structural safety. As soon, to understand the response of materials when submitted to adverse conditions is essential to design a safety project. This work investigates the presence of cracks in dissimilar welded joints (DWJ). Its fracture toughness responses depend upon the heterogeneity present in these joints. Thus, this work aim analyzing the behavior of the crack tip zone located in a buttery dissimilar welded joint (ASTM A-36, Inconel, and AISI 8630 M) used in the union of pipes present in the offshore oil production lines. The crack was placed 1 mm from fusion line (FL) Inconel-AISI 8630 M toward the AISI 8630 M. Finite Element Method (FEM) was used to analyze stress and strain fields generated during the loading imposed on the specimen. It was possible observing critical stress area by the numerical tool as well as a preferential plastic flow was also observed in the sample of dissimilar welded joint, which can be considered a harbinger of the crack growth path. The results obtained through numerical analysis showed a convergent behavior in relation to the plastic flow, qualitatively and quantitatively, in agreement with previous performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack" title="crack">crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissimilar%20welded%20joint" title=" dissimilar welded joint"> dissimilar welded joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title=" numerical analysis"> numerical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20field" title=" strain field"> strain field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20stress%20field" title=" the stress field"> the stress field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88025/numerical-analysis-of-cracks-effects-in-a-dissimilar-welded-joint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88025.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1509</span> Integrating Time-Series and High-Spatial Remote Sensing Data Based on Multilevel Decision Fusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xudong%20Guan">Xudong Guan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainong%20Li"> Ainong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaohuan%20Liu"> Gaohuan Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chong%20Huang"> Chong Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Zhao"> Wei Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the low spatial resolution of MODIS data, the accuracy of small-area plaque extraction with a high degree of landscape fragmentation is greatly limited. To this end, the study combines Landsat data with higher spatial resolution and MODIS data with higher temporal resolution for decision-level fusion. Considering the importance of the land heterogeneity factor in the fusion process, it is superimposed with the weighting factor, which is to linearly weight the Landsat classification result and the MOIDS classification result. Three levels were used to complete the process of data fusion, that is the pixel of MODIS data, the pixel of Landsat data, and objects level that connect between these two levels. The multilevel decision fusion scheme was tested in two sites of the lower Mekong basin. We put forth a comparison test, and it was proved that the classification accuracy was improved compared with the single data source classification results in terms of the overall accuracy. The method was also compared with the two-level combination results and a weighted sum decision rule-based approach. The decision fusion scheme is extensible to other multi-resolution data decision fusion applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20classification" title="image classification">image classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20fusion" title=" decision fusion"> decision fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-temporal" title=" multi-temporal"> multi-temporal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112195/integrating-time-series-and-high-spatial-remote-sensing-data-based-on-multilevel-decision-fusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1508</span> Medical Imaging Fusion: A Teaching-Learning Simulation Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Maria%20Ribeiro%20Martins%20Pereira%20Caridade">Cristina Maria Ribeiro Martins Pereira Caridade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Rita%20Ferreira%20Morais"> Ana Rita Ferreira Morais</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of computational tools has become essential in the context of interactive learning, especially in engineering education. In the medical industry, teaching medical image processing techniques is a crucial part of training biomedical engineers, as it has integrated applications with healthcare facilities and hospitals. The aim of this article is to present a teaching-learning simulation tool developed in MATLAB using a graphical user interface for medical image fusion that explores different image fusion methodologies and processes in combination with image pre-processing techniques. The application uses different algorithms and medical fusion techniques in real time, allowing you to view original images and fusion images, compare processed and original images, adjust parameters, and save images. The tool proposed in an innovative teaching and learning environment consists of a dynamic and motivating teaching simulation for biomedical engineering students to acquire knowledge about medical image fusion techniques and necessary skills for the training of biomedical engineers. In conclusion, the developed simulation tool provides real-time visualization of the original and fusion images and the possibility to test, evaluate and progress the student’s knowledge about the fusion of medical images. It also facilitates the exploration of medical imaging applications, specifically image fusion, which is critical in the medical industry. Teachers and students can make adjustments and/or create new functions, making the simulation environment adaptable to new techniques and methodologies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20fusion" title="image fusion">image fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching-learning%20simulation%20tool" title=" teaching-learning simulation tool"> teaching-learning simulation tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20engineering%20education" title=" biomedical engineering education"> biomedical engineering education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164987/medical-imaging-fusion-a-teaching-learning-simulation-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1507</span> A Multi Sensor Monochrome Video Fusion Using Image Quality Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Prema%20Kumar">M. Prema Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Rajesh%20Kumar"> P. Rajesh Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing interest in image fusion (combining images of two or more modalities such as infrared and visible light radiation) has led to a need for accurate and reliable image assessment methods. This paper gives a novel approach of merging the information content from several videos taken from the same scene in order to rack up a combined video that contains the finest information coming from different source videos. This process is known as video fusion which helps in providing superior quality (The term quality, connote measurement on the particular application.) image than the source images. In this technique different sensors (whose redundant information can be reduced) are used for various cameras that are imperative for capturing the required images and also help in reducing. In this paper Image fusion technique based on multi-resolution singular value decomposition (MSVD) has been used. The image fusion by MSVD is almost similar to that of wavelets. The idea behind MSVD is to replace the FIR filters in wavelet transform with singular value decomposition (SVD). It is computationally very simple and is well suited for real time applications like in remote sensing and in astronomy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20sensor%20image%20fusion" title="multi sensor image fusion">multi sensor image fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSVD" title=" MSVD"> MSVD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monochrome%20video" title=" monochrome video"> monochrome video</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14866/a-multi-sensor-monochrome-video-fusion-using-image-quality-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">572</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1506</span> Multi-Focus Image Fusion Using SFM and Wavelet Packet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somkait%20Udomhunsakul">Somkait Udomhunsakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a multi-focus image fusion method using Spatial Frequency Measurements (SFM) and Wavelet Packet was proposed. The proposed fusion approach, firstly, the two fused images were transformed and decomposed into sixteen subbands using Wavelet packet. Next, each subband was partitioned into sub-blocks and each block was identified the clearer regions by using the Spatial Frequency Measurement (SFM). Finally, the recovered fused image was reconstructed by performing the Inverse Wavelet Transform. From the experimental results, it was found that the proposed method outperformed the traditional SFM based methods in terms of objective and subjective assessments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-focus%20image%20fusion" title="multi-focus image fusion">multi-focus image fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20packet" title=" wavelet packet"> wavelet packet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20frequency%20measurement" title=" spatial frequency measurement"> spatial frequency measurement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4886/multi-focus-image-fusion-using-sfm-and-wavelet-packet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1505</span> Biimodal Biometrics System Using Fusion of Iris and Fingerprint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attallah%20Bilal">Attallah Bilal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hendel%20Fatiha"> Hendel Fatiha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes the bimodal biometrics system for identity verification iris and fingerprint, at matching score level architecture using weighted sum of score technique. The features are extracted from the pre processed images of iris and fingerprint. These features of a query image are compared with those of a database image to obtain matching scores. The individual scores generated after matching are passed to the fusion module. This module consists of three major steps i.e., normalization, generation of similarity score and fusion of weighted scores. The final score is then used to declare the person as genuine or an impostor. The system is tested on CASIA database and gives an overall accuracy of 91.04% with FAR of 2.58% and FRR of 8.34%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iris" title="iris">iris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fingerprint" title=" fingerprint"> fingerprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sum%20rule" title=" sum rule"> sum rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusion" title=" fusion"> fusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18556/biimodal-biometrics-system-using-fusion-of-iris-and-fingerprint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18556.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1504</span> Quantom Magnetic Effects of P-B Fusion in Plasma Focus Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Habibi">M. Habibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The feasibility of proton-boron fusion in plasmoids caused by magneto hydrodynamics instabilities in plasma focus devices is studied analytically. In plasmoids, fusion power for 76 keV < Ti < 1500 keV exceeds bremsstrahlung loss (W/Pb=5.39). In such situation gain factor and the ratio of Te to Ti for a typical 150 kJ plasma focus device will be 7.8 and 4.8 respectively. Also with considering the ion viscous heating effect, W/Pb and Ti/Te will be 2.7 and 6 respectively. Strong magnetic field will reduces ion-electron collision rate due to quantization of electron orbits. While approximately there is no change in electron-ion collision rate, the effect of quantum magnetic field makes ions much hotter than electrons which enhance the fraction of fusion power to bremsstrahlung loss. Therefore self-sustained p-11B fusion reactions would be possible and it could be said that p-11B fuelled plasma focus device is a clean and efficient source of energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmoids" title="plasmoids">plasmoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p11B%20fuel" title=" p11B fuel"> p11B fuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20viscous%20heating" title=" ion viscous heating"> ion viscous heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20magnetic%20field" title=" quantum magnetic field"> quantum magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20focus%20device" title=" plasma focus device"> plasma focus device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26776/quantom-magnetic-effects-of-p-b-fusion-in-plasma-focus-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26776.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1503</span> Comparative Analysis of Hybrid Dynamic Stabilization and Fusion for Degenerative Disease of the Lumbosacral Spine: Finite Element Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bendoukha">Mohamed Bendoukha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Mosbah"> Mustapha Mosbah </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Radiographic apparent assumed that the asymptomatic adjacent segment disease ASD is common after lumbar fusion, but this does not correlate with the functional outcomes while compensatory increased motion and stresses at the adjacent level of fusion is well-known to be associated to ASD. Newly developed, the hybrid stabilization are allocated to substituted for mostly the superior level of the fusion in an attempt to reduce the number of fusion levels and likelihood of degeneration process at the adjacent levels during the fusion with pedicle screws. Nevertheless, its biomechanical efficiencies still remain unknown and complications associated with failure of constructs such screw loosening and toggling should be elucidated In the current study, a finite element (FE) study was performed using a validated L2/S1 model subjected to a moment of 7.5 Nm and follower load of 400 N to assess the biomedical behavior of hybrid constructs based on dynamic topping off, semi rigid fusion. The residual range of motion (ROM), stress distribution at the fused and adjacent levels, stress distribution at the disc and the cage-endplate interface with respect to changes of bone quality were investigated. The hybrid instrumentation was associated with a reduction in compressive stresses compared to the fusion construct in the adjacent-level disc and showed high substantial axial force in the implant while fusion instrumentation increased the motion for both flexion and extension. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intervertebral%20disc" title="intervertebral disc">intervertebral disc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lumbar%20spine" title=" lumbar spine"> lumbar spine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degenerative%20nuclesion" title=" degenerative nuclesion"> degenerative nuclesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L4-L5" title=" L4-L5"> L4-L5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=range%20of%20motion%20finite%20element%20model" title=" range of motion finite element model"> range of motion finite element model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperelasticy" title=" hyperelasticy"> hyperelasticy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89019/comparative-analysis-of-hybrid-dynamic-stabilization-and-fusion-for-degenerative-disease-of-the-lumbosacral-spine-finite-element-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89019.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1502</span> Fusion of Shape and Texture for Unconstrained Periocular Authentication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20R.%20Ambika">D. R. Ambika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20R.%20Radhika"> K. R. Radhika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Seshachalam"> D. Seshachalam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unconstrained authentication is an important component for personal automated systems and human-computer interfaces. Existing solutions mostly use face as the primary object of analysis. The performance of face-based systems is largely determined by the extent of deformation caused in the facial region and amount of useful information available in occluded face images. Periocular region is a useful portion of face with discriminative ability coupled with resistance to deformation. A reliable portion of periocular area is available for occluded images. The present work demonstrates that joint representation of periocular texture and periocular structure provides an effective expression and poses invariant representation. The proposed methodology provides an effective and compact description of periocular texture and shape. The method is tested over four benchmark datasets exhibiting varied acquisition conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=periocular%20authentication" title="periocular authentication">periocular authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zernike%20moments" title=" Zernike moments"> Zernike moments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LBP%20variance" title=" LBP variance"> LBP variance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20and%20texture%20fusion" title=" shape and texture fusion"> shape and texture fusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68833/fusion-of-shape-and-texture-for-unconstrained-periocular-authentication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=51">51</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=52">52</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20fusion&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>