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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ostatnie zmiany</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Strona_g%C5%82%C3%B3wna" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="wolna encyklopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-pl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Szukaj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Szukaj</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" aria-label="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Specjalna:Szukaj"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Szukaj</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Zmień rozmiar czcionki, szerokość oraz kolorystykę strony" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wygląd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wygląd</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=pl.wikipedia.org&uselang=pl" class=""><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&returnto=Ingusze" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe." class=""><span>Utwórz konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&returnto=Ingusze" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Zaloguj się</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Więcej opcji" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia osobiste</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu użytkownika" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=pl.wikipedia.org&uselang=pl"><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&returnto=Ingusze" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Utwórz konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&returnto=Ingusze" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Obyczaje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obyczaje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Obyczaje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obyczaje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konflikty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konflikty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Konflikty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konflikty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Spis treści" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ingusze</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 71 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Ингушхэр – kabardyjski" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Ингушхэр" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="إنغوشيون – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنغوشيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ing%C3%BCixes" title="Ingüixes – aragoński" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ingüixes" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB" title="Гъалгъаял – awarski" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Гъалгъаял" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="awarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nqu%C5%9Flar" title="İnquşlar – azerbejdżański" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnquşlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdżański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="اینقوش‌لار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اینقوش‌لار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="ইঙ্গুশ জাতি – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইঙ্গুশ জাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ингуштар – baszkirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ингуштар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baszkirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Інгушы – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інгушы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Інгушы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Інгушы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Ингуши – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ингуши" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%A1i" title="Inguši – bośniacki" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Inguši" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bośniacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ing%C3%BAixos" title="Ingúixos – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ingúixos" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Ингушсем – czuwaski" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ингушсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="czuwaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%A1ov%C3%A9" title="Ingušové – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ingušové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingusjetere" title="Ingusjetere – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ingusjetere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inguschen" title="Inguschen – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Inguschen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%A1id" title="Ingušid – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ingušid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%AD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Ινγκουσέτιοι – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ινγκουσέτιοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingush_people" title="Ingush people – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ingush people" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_ingusetio" title="Pueblo ingusetio – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblo ingusetio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%9Doj" title="Inguŝoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Inguŝoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingux" title="Ingux – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ingux" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B4" title="مردم اینگوش – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم اینگوش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingouches" title="Ingouches – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ingouches" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iong%C3%BAisaigh" title="Iongúisaigh – irlandzki" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iongúisaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ngu%C5%9Flar" title="İnguşlar – gagauski" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="İnguşlar" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobo_inguxo" title="Pobo inguxo – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobo inguxo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="ГӀалгӀай – inguski" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="inguski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B5%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%B8" title="인구시인 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인구시인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ինգուշներ – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ինգուշներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%A1i" title="Inguši – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Inguši" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Ingush" title="Suku Ingush – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Ingush" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%C3%A6%D1%85%D1%8A%D1%85%D1%8A%C3%A6%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%BC" title="Мæхъхъæлон адæм – osetyjski" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мæхъхъæлон адæм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingusci" title="Ingusci – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ingusci" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Юнгюшлюле – karaczajsko-bałkarski" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Юнгюшлюле" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karaczajsko-bałkarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ინგუშები – gruziński" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინგუშები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruziński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ингуштар – kazachski" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ингуштар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ингуштар – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ингуштар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88" title="Ингуш – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Ингуш" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingussi" title="Ingussi – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ingussi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%A1i" title="Inguši – łotewski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Inguši" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="łotewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ингушар – lezgijski" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Ингушар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%A1ai" title="Ingušai – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ingušai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingusok" title="Ingusok – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ingusok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ინგუშეფი – megrelski" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ინგუშეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megrelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88_%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ингуш ястан – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ингуш ястан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingoesjen" title="Ingoesjen – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ingoesjen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E4%BA%BA" title="イングーシ人 – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イングーシ人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="ГӀалгӀай – czeczeński" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="czeczeński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingusjere" title="Ingusjere – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ingusjere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingushlar" title="Ingushlar – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ingushlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inguches" title="Inguches – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Inguches" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C8%99i" title="Inguși – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Inguși" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Ингуши – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ингуши" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ингуштар – jakucki" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ингуштар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakucki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%A1i" title="Inguši – słowacki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Inguši" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="słowacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B4" title="ئینگوش – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئینگوش" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Ингуши – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ингуши" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%A1i" title="Inguši – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Inguši" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inguu%C5%A1it" title="Inguušit – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Inguušit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingusjier" title="Ingusjier – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ingusjier" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ингушлар – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ингушлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ngu%C5%9Flar" title="İnguşlar – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İnguşlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingu%C5%9Flar" title="Inguşlar – turkmeński" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Inguşlar" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%96" title="Інгуші – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інгуші" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B4_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85" title="انگش قوم – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انگش قوم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Ingush" title="Người Ingush – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Ingush" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA" title="印古什人 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="印古什人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA" title="印古什人 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="印古什人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolma_Ingush" title="Jolma Ingush – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jolma Ingush" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q485010#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ingusze" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artykuł</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon 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href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ingusze&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pobierz jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingusze&printable=yes" title="Wersja do wydruku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Wersja do druku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ingush_people" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q485010" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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width="250" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ingush_people_mosaic.png/500px-Ingush_people_mosaic.png 1.5x" data-file-width="908" data-file-height="444" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rus%C5%82an_Auszew" title="Rusłan Auszew">Rusłan Auszew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Junus-biek_Jewkurow" title="Junus-biek Jewkurow">Junus-biek Jewkurow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murat_Ziazikow" title="Murat Ziazikow">Murat Ziazikow</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ingusze</b>, nazwa własna: <span style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS, Code2000, Code2001, Code2002, Free Serif, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream CyberBase, Thryomanes, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Lucida Grande, Free Sans, Microsoft Sans Serif, Lucida Sans Unicode">ГӀалгӀай</span> (<i>Ghalghaj</i>, <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_inguski" title="Język inguski">ing.</a> <i>ghal</i> „twierdza”, <i>ghai</i> „mieszkańcy”) – lud zamieszkujący głównie <a href="/wiki/Inguszetia" title="Inguszetia">Inguszetię</a> oraz <a href="/wiki/Osetia_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocna" title="Osetia Północna">Osetię Północną</a> w <a href="/wiki/Rosja" title="Rosja">Federacji Rosyjskiej</a>, ogółem ok. 300 tys. Posługują się <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_inguski" title="Język inguski">językiem inguskim</a> należącym do <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_kaukaskie" title="Języki kaukaskie">języków kaukaskich</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Wyznają <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> <a href="/wiki/Sunnizm" title="Sunnizm">sunnicki</a>. Zajmują się sadownictwem i uprawą zbóż (na nizinach) oraz pasterstwem (w górach). Są blisko spokrewnieni etnicznie i językowo z <a href="/wiki/Czeczeni" title="Czeczeni">Czeczenami</a>, wraz z którymi bywają określani jako <a href="/wiki/Wajnachowie" title="Wajnachowie">Wajnachowie</a>. Nazwa własna Inguszy – „Galgaj” ma starożytne pochodzenie<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Według kronik średniowiecznych zamieszkiwali przedgórza Kaukazu, zepchnięci następnie w góry, od XVI w. ponownie schodzili w doliny; od XVII w. poddani wpływom rosyjskim, 1810 weszli w skład Rosji, wówczas część ich terytorium zajęły osady kozackie<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Nie przyłączyli się do powstania <a href="/wiki/Szamil" title="Szamil">Szamila</a>, ale dobrowolnie poddali się pod zwierzchnictwo Rosji<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ingusze w roku 1944 padli ofiarą wywózek na <a href="/wiki/Syberia" title="Syberia">Syberię</a> i do Kazachstanu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obyczaje">Obyczaje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingusze&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Obyczaje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingusze&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Obyczaje"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Do islamizacji Ingusze hołdowali wierzeniom pogańskim, w których najważniejszą rolę odgrywał kult bóstw związanych z przyrodą (Miacil, Diala, Sela, Tuszoli itd.). Począwszy od XII w. za sprawą gruzińskich misjonarzy do Inguszetii zaczęło przenikać <a href="/wiki/Chrze%C5%9Bcija%C5%84stwo" title="Chrześcijaństwo">chrześcijaństwo</a>. Jego ślady można spotkać do dziś w górnej Inguszetii (np. ruiny kościołów Tchaba–Erdy, Albi–Erdy i Targim). Po najazdach mongolskich osłabły wpływy <a href="/wiki/Gruzja" title="Gruzja">Gruzji</a> na <a href="/wiki/Kaukaz_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocny" title="Kaukaz Północny">Kaukazie Północnym</a> i większa część Inguszy powróciła do poprzednich wierzeń. <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> zaczął przenikać do Inguszetii w XVI w. (z Czeczenii i Dagestanu), jednak aż do końca XIX w. dla społeczności inguskich charakterystyczny był religijnym synkretyzmem (współistnienie elementów islamskich, pogańskich oraz chrześcijańskich). Aż do lat 1920. składano np. ofiary bóstwom pogańskim na szczycie świętej dla Inguszy Góry Stołowej. W przeciwieństwie do Czeczenów Ingusze nie wzięli udziału w wojnach z Rosją w XIX w., jednak ówczesne wydarzenia na Kaukazie spowodowały umocnienie się wśród nich islamu<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Rola <a href="/wiki/Sufizm" title="Sufizm">sufizmu</a> w Inguszetii jest podobna do tej w Czeczenii. Jest on istotnym elementem tożsamości etnicznej. Ingusze mają własne wirdy (odgałęzienia bractw), głównie kadirijskie. Największymi z nich są wirdy założone w XIX wieku<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konflikty">Konflikty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingusze&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Konflikty" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingusze&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Konflikty"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>W ostatnich dziesięcioleciach mają miejsce konflikty Inguszów z <a href="/wiki/Czeczeni" title="Czeczeni">Czeczenami</a>, a także z <a href="/wiki/Osetyjczycy" title="Osetyjczycy">Osetyńcami</a>. 18 kwietnia 2013 około 300 czeczeńskich policjantów wtargnęło do przygranicznej inguskiej wsi Arszty. Pretekstem były poszukiwania przywódcy kaukaskiego podziemia zbrojnego Dokku Umarowa, jednak według inguskich władz przybysze chcieli przeprowadzić w Arsztach mityng z żądaniem przyłączenia wsi do Czeczenii<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Ramzan_Kadyrow" title="Ramzan Kadyrow">Kadyrow</a> metodami siłowymi wymusił na sąsiedniej Republice Inguszetii rozwiązanie konfliktu terytorialnego trwającego od upadku ZSRR. W wyniku umowy Inguszetia zrzekła się 10% swojego terytorium na rzecz rządzonej przez Kadyrowa Czeczenii. Wywołało to masowe protesty Inguszów, a w efekcie dymisję przywódcy Inguszetii<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Z kolei w latach 90. toczyła się <a href="/wiki/Wojna_osetyjsko-inguska" title="Wojna osetyjsko-inguska">wojna osetyjsko-inguska</a>, między innymi we wschodniej części <a href="/wiki/Rejon_prigorodny" title="Rejon prigorodny">rejonu prigorodnego</a>, który należy do <a href="/wiki/Osetia_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocna-Alania" class="mw-redirect" title="Osetia Północna-Alania">Osetii Północnej-Alanii</a>. Historyczne korzenie tego konfliktu sięgają czasów <a href="/wiki/Rosja_Carska" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosja Carska">Rosji Carskiej</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingusze&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingusze&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.interia.pl/nauki-spoleczne-humanistyka/news-ingusze,nId,1957680"><i>Ingusze</i></a> [online], encyklopedia.interia.pl<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2022-01-21]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Ingusze&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fencyklopedia.interia.pl%2Fnauki-spoleczne-humanistyka%2Fnews-ingusze%2CnId%2C1957680" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list tylko-pl">(<abbr title="Treść w języku polskim">pol.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Крупнов Е. И. Средневековая Ингушетия. – М., 1971.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web open-access"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3914742"><i>Ingusze</i></a>, [w:] <i><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_PWN_(internetowa)" title="Encyklopedia PWN (internetowa)">Encyklopedia PWN</a></i> [online], <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwo_Naukowe_PWN" title="Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN">Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN</a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2022-01-21]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=unknown&rft.atitle=Ingusze&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.jtitle=%5B%5BWydawnictwo+Naukowe+PWN%5D%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fencyklopedia.pwn.pl%2Fhaslo%2F%3B3914742" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Przemysław Adamczewski, <i>Polski mit etnopolityczny i Kaukaz</i>, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book nourl"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Maciej</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Maciej" style="display:none">M.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Falkowski</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Maciej</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Maciej">M.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210509162736/http://www.kaukaz.net/narody/ingusze_N.html"><i>Ingusze (Galgaj)</i></a>, kaukaz.net<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2024-04-23]</span> [zarchiwizowane 2021-05-09]<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Maciej&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Ingusze+%28Galgaj%29&rft.aulast=Falkowski" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list tylko-pl">(<abbr title="Treść w języku polskim">pol.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osw.waw.pl/pl/publikacje/komentarze-osw/2016-04-04/rosyjski-bliski-wschod-eskalacja-konfliktow-religijnych-na"><i>Rosyjski „Bliski Wschód”: eskalacja konfliktów religijnych na Kaukazie Północnym</i></a> [online], OSW Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich, 4 kwietnia 2016<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2022-02-11]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.date=2016-04-04&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Rosyjski+%E2%80%9EBliski+Wsch%C3%B3d%E2%80%9D%3A+eskalacja+konflikt%C3%B3w+religijnych+na+Kaukazie+P%C3%B3%C5%82nocnym&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.osw.waw.pl%2Fpl%2Fpublikacje%2Fkomentarze-osw%2F2016-04-04%2Frosyjski-bliski-wschod-eskalacja-konfliktow-religijnych-na" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list tylko-pl">(<abbr title="Treść w języku polskim">pol.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osw.waw.pl/pl/publikacje/analizy/2013-04-24/czeczensko-inguski-spor-graniczny"><i>Czeczeńsko-inguski spór graniczny</i></a> [online], OSW Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich, 24 kwietnia 2013<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2022-02-11]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.date=2013-04-24&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Czecze%C5%84sko-inguski+sp%C3%B3r+graniczny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.osw.waw.pl%2Fpl%2Fpublikacje%2Fanalizy%2F2013-04-24%2Fczeczensko-inguski-spor-graniczny" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list tylko-pl">(<abbr title="Treść w języku polskim">pol.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pism.pl/publikacje/Znaczenie_Czeczenii__w_polityce_wewnetrznej_i_zagranicznej_Rosji_"><i>Znaczenie Czeczenii w polityce wewnętrznej i zagranicznej Rosji</i></a> [online], pism.pl, 28 czerwca 2019<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2022-02-11]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.date=2019-06-28&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Znaczenie+Czeczenii+w+polityce+wewn%C4%99trznej+i+zagranicznej+Rosji&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpism.pl%2Fpublikacje%2FZnaczenie_Czeczenii__w_polityce_wewnetrznej_i_zagranicznej_Rosji_" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal doi"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Lasha</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Lasha" style="display:none">L.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Markozashvili</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Lasha</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Lasha">L.</span></span>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Tinatini</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Tinatini" style="display:none">T.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Dvalishvili</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Tinatini</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Tinatini">T.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/ps/article/view/10469"><i>Conflict and reconciliation in Prigorodny Region</i></a>, „Przegląd Strategiczny” (10), <span title="15 grudnia 2017">2017</span>, s. 119–132, <a href="/wiki/DOI_(identyfikator_cyfrowy)" title="DOI (identyfikator cyfrowy)">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.14746%2Fps.2017.1.6">10.14746/ps.2017.1.6</a><span class="issn">, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2084-6991">2084-6991</a></span><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2022-02-11]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=article&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.date=2017-12-15&rft.issn=2084-6991&rft.jtitle=Przegl%C4%85d+Strategiczny&rft.atitle=Conflict+and+reconciliation+in+Prigorodny+Region&rft.edition=10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.14746%2Fps.2017.1.6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpressto.amu.edu.pl%2Findex.php%2Fps%2Farticle%2Fview%2F10469" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75562624">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola 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