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rotation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: crop rotation"> <meta name="keywords" content="crop rotation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="crop rotation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1649</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: crop rotation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1649</span> Soil Penetration Resistance and Water Content Spatial Distribution Following Different Tillage and Crop Rotation in a Chinese Mollisol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuewen%20Chen">Xuewen Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aizhen%20Liang"> Aizhen Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoping%20Zhang"> Xiaoping Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To better understand the spatial variability of soil penetration resistance (SPR) and soil water content (SWC) induced by different tillage and crop rotation in a Mollisol of Northeast China, the soil was sampled from the tillage experiment which was established in Dehui County, Jilin Province, Northeast China, in 2001. Effect of no-tillage (NT), moldboard plow (MP) and ridge tillage (RT) under corn-soybean rotation (C-S) and continuous corn (C-C) system on SPR and SWC were compared with horizontal and vertical variations. The results showed that SPR and SWC spatially varied across the ridge. SPR in the rows was higher than inter-rows, especially in topsoil (2.5-15 cm) of NT and RT plots. SPR of MP changed in the trend with the curve-shaped ridge. In contrast to MP, NT, and RT resulted in average increment of 166.3% and 152.3% at a depth of 2.5-17.5 cm in the row positions, respectively. The mean SPR in topsoil in the rows means soil compaction is not the main factor limiting plant growth and crop yield. SPR in the row of RT soil was lower than NT at a depth of 2.5-12.5 cm. The SWC in NT and RT soil was highest in the inter-rows and least in the rows or shoulders, respectively. However, the lateral variation trend of MP was opposite to NT. From the profile view of SWC, MP was greater than NT and RT in 0-20 cm of the rows. SWC in RT soil was higher than NT in the row of 0-20 cm. Crop rotation did not have a marked impact on SPR and SWC. In addition to the tillage practices, the factor which affects SPR greatly was depth but not position. These two factors have significant effects on SWC. These results indicated that the adoption of RT was a more suitable conservation tillage practices than NT in the black soil of Northeast China. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=row" title="row">row</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20penetration%20resistance" title=" soil penetration resistance"> soil penetration resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20variability" title=" spatial variability"> spatial variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tillage%20practice" title=" tillage practice"> tillage practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106975/soil-penetration-resistance-and-water-content-spatial-distribution-following-different-tillage-and-crop-rotation-in-a-chinese-mollisol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106975.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1648</span> Integrated Vegetable Production Planning Considering Crop Rotation Rules Using a Mathematical Mixed Integer Programming Model </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadali%20Abedini%20Sanigy">Mohammadali Abedini Sanigy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiangang%20Fei"> Jiangang Fei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a mathematical optimization model was developed to maximize the profit in a vegetable production planning problem. It serves as a decision support system that assists farmers in land allocation to crops and harvest scheduling decisions. The developed model can handle different rotation rules in two consecutive cycles of production, which is a common practice in organic production system. Moreover, different production methods of the same crop were considered in the model formulation. The main strength of the model is that it is not restricted to predetermined production periods, which makes the planning more flexible. The model is classified as a mixed integer programming (MIP) model and formulated in PYOMO -a Python package to formulate optimization models- and solved via Gurobi and CPLEX optimizer packages. The model was tested with secondary data from 'Australian vegetable growing farms', and the results were obtained and discussed with the computational test runs. The results show that the model can successfully provide reliable solutions for real size problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20rotation" title="crop rotation">crop rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harvesting" title=" harvesting"> harvesting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model%20formulation" title=" mathematical model formulation"> mathematical model formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable%20production" title=" vegetable production"> vegetable production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109624/integrated-vegetable-production-planning-considering-crop-rotation-rules-using-a-mathematical-mixed-integer-programming-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1647</span> The Response of Soil Biodiversity to Agriculture Practice in Rhizosphere</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Wang">Yan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guowei%20Chen"> Guowei Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gang%20Wang"> Gang Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil microbial diversity is one of the important parameters to assess the soil fertility and soil health, even stability of the ecosystem. In this paper, we aim to reveal the soil microbial difference in rhizosphere and root zone, even to pick the special biomarkers influenced by the long term tillage practices, which included four treatments of no-tillage, ridge tillage, continuous cropping with corn and crop rotation with corn and soybean. Here, high-throughput sequencing was performed to investigate the difference of bacteria in rhizosphere and root zone. The results showed a very significant difference of species richness between rhizosphere and root zone soil at the same crop rotation system (p < 0.01), and also significant difference of species richness was found between continuous cropping with corn and corn-soybean rotation treatment in the rhizosphere statement, no-tillage and ridge tillage in root zone soils. Implied by further beta diversity analysis, both tillage methods and crop rotation systems influence the soil microbial diversity and community structure in varying degree. The composition and community structure of microbes in rhizosphere and root zone soils were clustered distinctly by the beta diversity (p < 0.05). Linear discriminant analysis coupled with effect size (LEfSe) analysis of total taxa in rhizosphere picked more than 100 bacterial taxa, which were significantly more abundant than that in root zone soils, whereas the number of biomarkers was lower between the continuous cropping with corn and crop rotation treatment, the same pattern was found at no-tillage and ridge tillage treatment. Bacterial communities were greatly influenced by main environmental factors in large scale, which is the result of biological adaptation and acclimation, hence it is beneficial for optimizing agricultural practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tillage%20methods" title="tillage methods">tillage methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker" title=" biomarker"> biomarker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title=" biodiversity"> biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizosphere" title=" rhizosphere"> rhizosphere</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99559/the-response-of-soil-biodiversity-to-agriculture-practice-in-rhizosphere" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1646</span> High Speed Image Rotation Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Choul%20Kwon">Hee-Choul Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyungjin%20Cho"> Hyungjin Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heeyong%20Kwon"> Heeyong Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image rotation is one of main pre-processing step in image processing or image pattern recognition. It is implemented with rotation matrix multiplication. However it requires lots of floating point arithmetic operations and trigonometric function calculations, so it takes long execution time. We propose a new high speed image rotation algorithm without two major time-consuming operations. We compare the proposed algorithm with the conventional rotation one with various size images. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the conventional rotation ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20speed%20rotation%20operation" title="high speed rotation operation">high speed rotation operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20rotation" title=" image rotation"> image rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20recognition" title=" pattern recognition"> pattern recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformation%20matrix" title=" transformation matrix"> transformation matrix</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25258/high-speed-image-rotation-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1645</span> Main Factor That Causes the Instabilities of the Earth’s Rotation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Sim">Jin-Sim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwan-U%20Kim"> Kwan-U Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryong-Jin%20Jang"> Ryong-Jin Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Duk%20Kim"> Sung-Duk Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Earth rotation is one of astronomical phenomena without which it is impossible to think of human life. That is why the investigation of the Earth's rotation is very important, and it has a long history of study. The invention of quartz clocks in the 1930s, atomic time in the 1950s, and the introduction of modern technology into astronomic observation in recent years resulted in rapid development of the study of Earth’s rotation. The theory of the Earth's rotation, however, has not been up to the high level of astronomic observation due to the limitation of time. As a typical example, we can take the problems that cover the instabilities of the Earth’s rotation, proved completely by the astronomic observations as well as polar motion, the precession and nutation of the Earth's rotation axis, which have not been described in a single equation in a quantificational way from the unique law of Earth rotation. In particular, at present the problem of what is the main factor causing the instabilities of the Earth rotation has not been solved clearly in quantificational ways yet. Therefore, this paper gives quantificational proof that the main factor that causes the instabilities of the Earth's rotation is the moment of external force other than variations in the relative atmospheric angular momentum due to the time limitation and under some assumptions or the moment of inertia of the Earth’s body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmospheric%20angular%20momentum" title="atmospheric angular momentum">atmospheric angular momentum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instabilities%20of%20the%20earth%E2%80%99s%20rotation" title=" instabilities of the earth’s rotation"> instabilities of the earth’s rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law%20of%20the%20earth%E2%80%99s%20rotation%20change" title=" law of the earth’s rotation change"> law of the earth’s rotation change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment%20of%20inertia%20of%20the%20earth" title=" moment of inertia of the earth"> moment of inertia of the earth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182768/main-factor-that-causes-the-instabilities-of-the-earths-rotation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1644</span> Using Genetic Algorithms to Outline Crop Rotations and a Cropping-System Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolae%20Bold">Nicolae Bold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Nijloveanu"> Daniel Nijloveanu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The idea of cropping-system is a method used by farmers. It is an environmentally-friendly method, protecting the natural resources (soil, water, air, nutritive substances) and increase the production at the same time, taking into account some crop particularities. The combination of this powerful method with the concepts of genetic algorithms results into a possibility of generating sequences of crops in order to form a rotation. The usage of this type of algorithms has been efficient in solving problems related to optimization and their polynomial complexity allows them to be used at solving more difficult and various problems. In our case, the optimization consists in finding the most profitable rotation of cultures. One of the expected results is to optimize the usage of the resources, in order to minimize the costs and maximize the profit. In order to achieve these goals, a genetic algorithm was designed. This algorithm ensures the finding of several optimized solutions of cropping-systems possibilities which have the highest profit and, thus, which minimize the costs. The algorithm uses genetic-based methods (mutation, crossover) and structures (genes, chromosomes). A cropping-system possibility will be considered a chromosome and a crop within the rotation is a gene within a chromosome. Results about the efficiency of this method will be presented in a special section. The implementation of this method would bring benefits into the activity of the farmers by giving them hints and helping them to use the resources efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosomes" title="chromosomes">chromosomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cropping" title=" cropping"> cropping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genes" title=" genes"> genes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50461/using-genetic-algorithms-to-outline-crop-rotations-and-a-cropping-system-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1643</span> Image Rotation Using an Augmented 2-Step Shear Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Choul%20Kwon">Hee-Choul Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heeyong%20Kwon"> Heeyong Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image rotation is one of main pre-processing steps for image processing or image pattern recognition. It is implemented with a rotation matrix multiplication. It requires a lot of floating point arithmetic operations and trigonometric calculations, so it takes a long time to execute. Therefore, there has been a need for a high speed image rotation algorithm without two major time-consuming operations. However, the rotated image has a drawback, i.e. distortions. We solved the problem using an augmented two-step shear transform. We compare the presented algorithm with the conventional rotation with images of various sizes. Experimental results show that the presented algorithm is superior to the conventional rotation one. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-speed%20rotation%20operation" title="high-speed rotation operation">high-speed rotation operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20rotation" title=" image rotation"> image rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transform%20matrix" title=" transform matrix"> transform matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20recognition" title=" pattern recognition"> pattern recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64167/image-rotation-using-an-augmented-2-step-shear-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1642</span> On the Main Factor That Causes the Instabilities of the Earth Rotation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Sim">Jin Sim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwan%20U.%20Kim"> Kwan U. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryong%20Jin%20Jang"> Ryong Jin Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Duk%20Kim"> Sung Duk Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Earth rotation is one of astronomical phenomena without which it is impossible to think of human life. That is why the investigation of the Earth's rotation is very important, and it has a long history of study. The invention of quartz clocks in the 1930s and atomic time 1950s and the introduction of modern technology into astronomic observation in recent years resulted in rapid development of the study of Earth’s rotation. The theory of the Earth rotation, however, has not been up to the high level of astronomic observation due to limitation of the time such as impossibility of quantitative calculation of moment of external force for Euler’s dynamical equation based on Newtonian mechanics. As a typical example, we can take the problems that cover the instabilities of the Earth’s rotation proved completely by the astronomic observations as well as polar motion, the precession and nutation of the Earth rotation axis which have not been described in a single equation in a quantitative way from the unique law of Earth rotation. In particular, at present the problem of what the main factor causing the instabilities of the Earth rotation is has not been solved clearly in quantitative ways yet. Therefore, this paper addresses quantitative proof that the main factor which causes the instabilities of the Earth rotation is the moment of external force rather than variations in the relative atmospheric angular momentum and in moment of inertia of the Earth’s body due to the time limitation and under some assumptions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmospheric%20angular%20momentum" title="atmospheric angular momentum">atmospheric angular momentum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instabilities%20of%20the%20Earth%E2%80%99s%20rotation" title=" instabilities of the Earth’s rotation"> instabilities of the Earth’s rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law%20of%20the%20Earth%E2%80%99s%20rotation%20change" title=" law of the Earth’s rotation change"> law of the Earth’s rotation change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment%20of%20%20%20%20inertia%20of%20the%20Earth" title=" moment of inertia of the Earth"> moment of inertia of the Earth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192592/on-the-main-factor-that-causes-the-instabilities-of-the-earth-rotation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1641</span> Perceived Impact of Climate Change on the Livelihood of Arable Crop Farmers in Ipokia Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Olugbenga%20Fakoya">Emmanuel Olugbenga Fakoya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined the perceived impact of climate change on the livelihood of arable crop farmers in Ipokia Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 80 arable crop farmers in the study area. Data collected were analyzed using percentages, frequencies and Chi square analysis. The result showed that 63.8 percent of the respondents were male while 55.0 percent were married. Less than half (30.0 percent) of the respondents were between the age bracket of 41-50 years and 50.0 percent had 6-10 household size. Furthermore, majority (40.0 percent) of the arable crop farmers farmed on an inherited land and 51.3 percent had 2-3 hectares of land. Majority (38.8 percent) of the farmers intercrop maize with cassava and maize with yam. Various strategies adapted to reduce the effect of climate change on their crop and livelihood include: crop rotation (53.8 percent), planting of leguminous crop (35.0 percent), application of organic fertilizers (45.0 percent), mulching (56.3 percent) and by planting drought resistance crops (46.5 percent). Reported among the effects of climate change on crop and farmers’ livelihood were: discoloration of crop leave (63.8 percent), increase infestation of pests and diseases (58.8 percent) and reduction of crop yield (60.0 percent). Chi- square analysis showed significant relationship between impact of climate change on arable crop production and thus famers’ livelihood. It was concluded from the study that climate change is an impinging factor that seriously affect arable crop production and hence farmers’ livelihood despite coping strategies to minimize its effect. It was however recommended that Agricultural policies and practices that could minimize or eliminate its effect should be seriously enacted to boost production and increase farmers’ livelihood. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20extension" title="agricultural extension">agricultural extension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extension%20agent" title=" extension agent"> extension agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20sector" title=" private sector"> private sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12502/perceived-impact-of-climate-change-on-the-livelihood-of-arable-crop-farmers-in-ipokia-local-government-area-of-ogun-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1640</span> Comparative study of the technical efficiency of the cotton farms in the towns of Banikoara and Savalou</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boukari%20Abdou%20Wakilou">Boukari Abdou Wakilou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Benin is one of West Africa's major cotton-producing countries. Cotton is the country's main source of foreign currency and employment. But it is also one of the sources of soil degradation. The search for good agricultural practices is therefore, a constant preoccupation. The aim of this study is to measure the technical efficiency of cotton growers by comparing those who constantly grow cotton on the same land with those who practice crop rotation. The one-step estimation approach of the stochastic production frontier, including determinants of technical inefficiency, was applied to a stratified random sample of 261 cotton producers. Overall, the growers had a high average technical efficiency level of 90%. However, there was no significant difference in the level of technical efficiency between the two groups of growers studied. All the factors linked to compliance with the technical production itinerary had a positive influence on the growers' level of efficiency. It is, therefore, important to continue raising awareness of the importance of respecting the technical production itinerary and of integrated soil fertility management techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20efficiency" title="technical efficiency">technical efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20fertility" title=" soil fertility"> soil fertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title=" cotton"> cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20rotation" title=" crop rotation"> crop rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benin" title=" benin"> benin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178298/comparative-study-of-the-technical-efficiency-of-the-cotton-farms-in-the-towns-of-banikoara-and-savalou" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1639</span> Periodic Change in the Earth’s Rotation Velocity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Duk%20Kim">Sung Duk Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwan%20U.%20Kim"> Kwan U. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Sim"> Jin Sim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryong%20Jin%20Jang"> Ryong Jin Jang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phenomenon of seasonal variations in the Earth’s rotation velocity was discovered in the 1930s when a crystal clock was developed and analyzed in a quantitative way for the first time between 1955 and 1968 when observation data of the seasonal variations was analyzed by an atomic clock. According to the previous investigation, atmospheric circulation is supposed to be a factor affecting the seasonal variations in the Earth’s rotation velocity in many cases, but the problem has not been solved yet. In order to solve the problem, it is necessary to apply dynamics to consider the Earth’s spatial motion, rotation, and change of shape of the Earth (movement of materials in and out of the Earth and change of the Earth’s figure) at the same time and in interrelation to the accuracy of post-Newtonian approximation regarding the Earth body as a system of mass points because the stability of the Earth’s rotation angular velocity is in the range of 10⁻⁸~10⁻⁹. For it, the equation was derived, which can consider the 3 kinds of motion above mentioned at the same time by taking the effect of the resultant external force on the Earth’s rotation into account in a relativistic way to the accuracy of post-Newtonian approximation. Therefore, the equation has been solved to obtain the theoretical values of periodic change in the Earth’s rotation velocity, and they have been compared with the astronomical observation data so to reveal the cause for the periodic change in the Earth’s rotation velocity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Earth%20rotation" title="Earth rotation">Earth rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment%20function" title=" moment function"> moment function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=periodic%20change" title=" periodic change"> periodic change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seasonal%20variation" title=" seasonal variation"> seasonal variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relativistic%20change" title=" relativistic change"> relativistic change</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182897/periodic-change-in-the-earths-rotation-velocity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1638</span> New Moment Rotation Model of Single Web Angle Connections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengyi%20Kong">Zhengyi Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Eock%20Kim"> Seung-Eock Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Single angle connections, which are bolted to the beam web and the column flange, are studied to investigate moment-rotation behavior. Elastic–perfectly plastic material behavior is assumed. ABAQUS software is used to analyze the nonlinear behavior of a single angle connection. The same geometric and material conditions with Yanglin Gong’s test are used for verifying finite element models. Since Kishi and Chen’s Power model and Lee and Moon’s Log model are accurate only for a limited range, simpler and more accurate hyperbolic function models are proposed. The equation for calculating rotation at ultimate moment is first proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title="finite element method">finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment%20and%20rotation" title=" moment and rotation"> moment and rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotation%20at%20ultimate%20moment" title=" rotation at ultimate moment"> rotation at ultimate moment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-web%20angle%20connections" title=" single-web angle connections "> single-web angle connections </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24311/new-moment-rotation-model-of-single-web-angle-connections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1637</span> Assessment of N₂ Fixation and Water-Use Efficiency in a Soybean-Sorghum Rotation System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mmatladi%20D.%20Mnguni">Mmatladi D. Mnguni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Mohammed"> Mustapha Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Y.%20Mahama"> George Y. Mahama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alhassan%20L.%20Abdulai"> Alhassan L. Abdulai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20D.%20Dakora"> Felix D. Dakora</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Industrial-based nitrogen (N) fertilizers are justifiably credited for the current state of food production across the globe, but their continued use is not sustainable and has an adverse effect on the environment. The search for greener and sustainable technologies has led to an increase in exploiting biological systems such as legumes and organic amendments for plant growth promotion in cropping systems. Although the benefits of legume rotation with cereal crops have been documented, the full benefits of soybean-sorghum rotation systems have not been properly evaluated in Africa. This study explored the benefits of soybean-sorghum rotation through assessing N₂ fixation and water-use efficiency of soybean in rotation with sorghum with and without organic and inorganic amendments. The field trials were conducted from 2017 to 2020. Sorghum was grown on plots previously cultivated to soybean and vice versa. The succeeding sorghum crop received fertilizer amendments [organic fertilizer (5 tons/ha as poultry litter, OF); inorganic fertilizer (80N-60P-60K) IF; organic + inorganic fertilizer (OF+IF); half organic + inorganic fertilizer (HIF+OF); organic + half inorganic fertilizer (OF+HIF); half organic + half inorganic (HOF+HIF) and control] and was arranged in a randomized complete block design. The soybean crop succeeding fertilized sorghum received a blanket application of triple superphosphate at 26 kg P ha⁻¹. Nitrogen fixation and water-use efficiency were respectively assessed at the flowering stage using the ¹⁵N and ¹³C natural abundance techniques. The results showed that the shoot dry matter of soybean plants supplied with HOF+HIF was much higher (43.20 g plant-1), followed by OF+HIF (36.45 g plant⁻¹), and HOF+IF (33.50 g plant⁻¹). Shoot N concentration ranged from 1.60 to 1.66%, and total N content from 339 to 691 mg N plant⁻¹. The δ¹⁵N values of soybean shoots ranged from -1.17‰ to -0.64‰, with plants growing on plots previously treated to HOF+HIF exhibiting much higher δ¹⁵N values, and hence lower percent N derived from N₂ fixation (%Ndfa). Shoot %Ndfa values varied from 70 to 82%. The high %Ndfa values obtained in this study suggest that the previous year’s organic and inorganic fertilizer amendments to sorghum did not inhibit N₂ fixation in the following soybean crop. The amount of N-fixed by soybean ranged from 106 to 197 kg N ha⁻¹. The treatments showed marked variations in carbon (C) content, with HOF+HIF treatment recording the highest C content. Although water-use efficiency varied from -29.32‰ to -27.85‰, shoot water-use efficiency, C concentration, and C:N ratio were not altered by previous fertilizer application to sorghum. This study provides strong evidence that previous HOF+HIF sorghum residues can enhance N nutrition and water-use efficiency in nodulated soybean. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C2%B9%C2%B3C%20and%20%C2%B9%E2%81%B5N%20natural%20abundance" title="¹³C and ¹⁵N natural abundance">¹³C and ¹⁵N natural abundance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N-fixed" title=" N-fixed"> N-fixed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20and%20inorganic%20fertilizer%20amendments" title=" organic and inorganic fertilizer amendments"> organic and inorganic fertilizer amendments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoot%20%25Ndfa" title=" shoot %Ndfa"> shoot %Ndfa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140581/assessment-of-n2-fixation-and-water-use-efficiency-in-a-soybean-sorghum-rotation-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1636</span> Effect of Rotation Rate on Chemical Segregation during Phase Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouri%20Sabrina">Nouri Sabrina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benzeghiba%20Mohamed"> Benzeghiba Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghezal%20Abderrahmane"> Ghezal Abderrahmane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerical parametric study is conducted to study the effects of ampoule rotation on the flows and the dopant segregation in vertical Bridgman (VB) crystal growth. Calculations were performed in unsteady state. The extended Darcy model, which includes the time derivative and Coriolis terms, has been employed in the momentum equation. It was found that the convection, and dopant segregation can be affected significantly by ampoule rotation, and the effect is similar to that by an axial magnetic field. Ampoule rotation decreases the intensity of convection and stretches the flow cell axially. When the convection is weak, the flow can be suppressed almost completely by moderate ampoule rotation and the dopant segregation becomes diffusion-controlled. For stronger convection, the elongated flow cell by ampoule rotation may bring dopant mixing into the bulk melt reducing axial segregation at the early stage of the growth. However, if the cellular flow cannot be suppressed completely, ampoule rotation may induce larger radial segregation due to poor mixing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title="numerical simulation">numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20and%20mass%20transfer" title=" heat and mass transfer"> heat and mass transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20solidification" title=" vertical solidification"> vertical solidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20segregation" title=" chemical segregation"> chemical segregation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2098/effect-of-rotation-rate-on-chemical-segregation-during-phase-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1635</span> Using Time Series NDVI to Model Land Cover Change: A Case Study in the Berg River Catchment Area, Western Cape, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adesuyi%20Ayodeji%20Steve">Adesuyi Ayodeji Steve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahn%20Munch"> Zahn Munch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the use of MODIS NDVI to identify agricultural land cover change areas on an annual time step (2007 - 2012) and characterize the trend in the study area. An ISODATA classification was performed on the MODIS imagery to select only the agricultural class producing 3 class groups namely: agriculture, agriculture/semi-natural, and semi-natural. NDVI signatures were created for the time series to identify areas dominated by cereals and vineyards with the aid of ancillary, pictometry and field sample data. The NDVI signature curve and training samples aided in creating a decision tree model in WEKA 3.6.9. From the training samples two classification models were built in WEKA using decision tree classifier (J48) algorithm; Model 1 included ISODATA classification and Model 2 without, both having accuracies of 90.7% and 88.3% respectively. The two models were used to classify the whole study area, thus producing two land cover maps with Model 1 and 2 having classification accuracies of 77% and 80% respectively. Model 2 was used to create change detection maps for all the other years. Subtle changes and areas of consistency (unchanged) were observed in the agricultural classes and crop practices over the years as predicted by the land cover classification. 41% of the catchment comprises of cereals with 35% possibly following a crop rotation system. Vineyard largely remained constant over the years, with some conversion to vineyard (1%) from other land cover classes. Some of the changes might be as a result of misclassification and crop rotation system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change%20detection" title="change detection">change detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20cover" title=" land cover"> land cover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modis" title=" modis"> modis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDVI" title=" NDVI"> NDVI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28788/using-time-series-ndvi-to-model-land-cover-change-a-case-study-in-the-berg-river-catchment-area-western-cape-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1634</span> Estimation of Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient of Eggplant with Lysimeter in Al-Hasa Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mishari%20AlNaim">Mishari AlNaim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A field experiment was conducted for two seasons of 2011 and 2012 in The Agricultural Experiment Research Station in King Faisal University at Al-Hasa region, Saudi Arabia to estimate evapotranspiration (ETC) of Eggplant crop using Drainage Lysimeter with surface area of 2 x 2 m and depth of 1.5 m. The irrigation was applied daily. The amount of drainage was measured before each irrigation event. The results showed that there was almost no difference in the seasonal evapotranspiration of eggplant crop in the two seasons. The average evapotranspiration values for eggplant crop for the summer and winter seasons were 823.4 mm and 479.7 mm respectively. The highest and the lowest weekly measured values of (ETC) of eggplant crop during the two summer seasons were 8.6 mm/day and 3.9 mm/day respectively, while the highest and lowest weekly measured values of (ETC) of eggplant crop during the two winter seasons were 3.9 mm/day and 2.0 mm/day respectively. The measured values of ETc, in conjunction with the results of Penmen-Monteith equation for reference Evapotranspiration (ETR), were used to determine the crop coefficient (KC ini, KC mid and KC end) for eggplant crop. The average values were 0.50, 84 and 0.60 for KC ini, KC mid and KC end in Al-Hasa region, respectively. These estimated values for KC were used to approximate (ETc) for eggplant crop. High positive correlation coefficient (0.959) was detected between the approximated and measured values of eggplant crop evapotranspiration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evapotranspiration" title="evapotranspiration">evapotranspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eggpant" title=" eggpant"> eggpant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ETC" title=" ETC"> ETC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Hasa" title=" Al-Hasa"> Al-Hasa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11245/estimation-of-evapotranspiration-and-crop-coefficient-of-eggplant-with-lysimeter-in-al-hasa-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11245.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1633</span> Evaluating the Effects of Weather and Climate Change to Risks in Crop Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcus%20Bellett-Travers">Marcus Bellett-Travers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different modelling approaches have been used to determine or predict yield of crops in different geographies. Central to the methodologies are the presumption that it is the absolute yield of the crop in a given location that is of the highest priority to those requiring information on crop productivity. Most individuals, companies and organisations within the agri-food sector need to be able to balance the supply of crops with the demand for them. Different modelling approaches have been used to determine and predict crop yield. The growing need to ensure certainty of supply and stability of prices requires an approach that describes the risk in producing a crop. A review of current methodologies to evaluate the risk to food production from changes in the weather and climate is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20production" title="crop production">crop production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate" title=" climate"> climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68054/evaluating-the-effects-of-weather-and-climate-change-to-risks-in-crop-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1632</span> Numerical Simulation of the Rotating Vertical Bridgman Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouri%20Sabrina">Nouri Sabrina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerical parametric study is conducted to study the effects of ampoule rotation on the flows and the dopant segregation in Vertical Bridgman (VB) crystal growth. Calculations were performed in unsteady state. The extended darcy model, whıch includes the time derivative and coriolis terms, has been employed in the momentum equation. It is found that the convection, and dopant segregation can be affected significantly by ampoule rotation, and the effect is similar to that by an axial magnetıc field. Ampoule rotation decreases the intensity of convection and stretches the flow cell axıally. When the convectıon is weak, the flow can be suppressed almost completely by moderate ampoule rotation and the dopant segregation becomes diffusion-controlled. For stronger convection, the elongated flow cell by ampoule rotation may bring dopant mixing into the bulk melt reducing axial segregation at the early stage of the growth. However, if the cellular flow cannot be suppressed completely, ampoule rotation may induce larger radial segregation due to poor mixing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotating%20vertical%20solidification" title="rotating vertical solidification">rotating vertical solidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finite%20Volume%20Method" title=" Finite Volume Method"> Finite Volume Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20and%20mass%20transfer" title=" heat and mass transfer"> heat and mass transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20medium" title=" porous medium"> porous medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change" title=" phase change"> phase change</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18021/numerical-simulation-of-the-rotating-vertical-bridgman-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1631</span> Deriving Generic Transformation Matrices for Multi-Axis Milling Machine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alan%20C.%20Lin">Alan C. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tzu-Kuan%20Lin"> Tzu-Kuan Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsong%20Der%20Lin"> Tsong Der Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a new method to find the equations of transformation matrix for the rotation angles of the two rotational axes and the coordinates of the three linear axes of an orthogonal multi-axis milling machine. This approach provides intuitive physical meanings for rotation angles of multi-axis machines, which can be used to evaluate the accuracy of the conversion from CL data to NC data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAM" title="CAM">CAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-axis%20milling%20machining" title=" multi-axis milling machining"> multi-axis milling machining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformation%20matrix" title=" transformation matrix"> transformation matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotation%20angles" title=" rotation angles"> rotation angles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10895/deriving-generic-transformation-matrices-for-multi-axis-milling-machine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1630</span> Plot Scale Estimation of Crop Biophysical Parameters from High Resolution Satellite Imagery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shreedevi%20Moharana">Shreedevi Moharana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subashisa%20Dutta"> Subashisa Dutta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study focuses on the estimation of crop biophysical parameters like crop chlorophyll, nitrogen and water stress at plot scale in the crop fields. To achieve these, we have used high-resolution satellite LISS IV imagery. A new methodology has proposed in this research work, the spectral shape function of paddy crop is employed to get the significant wavelengths sensitive to paddy crop parameters. From the shape functions, regression index models were established for the critical wavelength with minimum and maximum wavelengths of multi-spectrum high-resolution LISS IV data. Moreover, the functional relationships were utilized to develop the index models. From these index models crop, biophysical parameters were estimated and mapped from LISS IV imagery at plot scale in crop field level. The result showed that the nitrogen content of the paddy crop varied from 2-8%, chlorophyll from 1.5-9% and water content variation observed from 40-90% respectively. It was observed that the variability in rice agriculture system in India was purely a function of field topography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20parameters" title="crop parameters">crop parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index%20model" title=" index model"> index model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LISS%20IV%20imagery" title=" LISS IV imagery"> LISS IV imagery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plot%20scale" title=" plot scale"> plot scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20function" title=" shape function"> shape function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89499/plot-scale-estimation-of-crop-biophysical-parameters-from-high-resolution-satellite-imagery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89499.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1629</span> Land Suitability Scaling and Modeling for Assessing Crop Suitability in Some New Reclaimed Areas, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20M.%20Abdel%20Kawy">W. A. M. Abdel Kawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kh.%20M.%20Darwish"> Kh. M. Darwish</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adequate land use selection is an essential step towards achieving sustainable development. The main object of this study is to develop a new scale for land suitability system, which can be compatible with the local conditions. Furthermore, it aims to adapt the conventional land suitability systems to match the actual environmental status in term of soil types, climate and other conditions to evaluate land suitability for newly reclaimed areas. The new system suggests calculation of land suitability considering 20 factors affecting crop selection grouping into five categories; crop-agronomic, land management, development, environmental conditions and socio – economic status. Each factor is summed by each other to calculate the total points. The highest rating for each factor indicates the highest preference for the evaluated crop. The highest rated crops for each group are those with the highest points for the actual suitability. This study was conducted to assess the application efficiency of the new land suitability scale in recently reclaimed sites in Egypt. Moreover, 35 representative soil profiles were examined, and soil samples were subjected to some physical and chemical analysis. Actual and potential suitabilities were calculated by using the new land suitability scale. Finally, the obtained results confirmed the applicability of a new land suitability system to recommend the most promising crop rotation that can be applied in the study areas. The outputs of this research revealed that the integration of different aspects for modeling and adapting a proposed model provides an effective and flexible technique, which contribute to improve land suitability assessment for several crops to be more accurate and reliable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytic%20hierarchy%20process" title="analytic hierarchy process">analytic hierarchy process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20suitability" title=" land suitability"> land suitability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-criteria%20analysis" title=" multi-criteria analysis"> multi-criteria analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20reclaimed%20areas" title=" new reclaimed areas"> new reclaimed areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20parameters" title=" soil parameters"> soil parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117892/land-suitability-scaling-and-modeling-for-assessing-crop-suitability-in-some-new-reclaimed-areas-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1628</span> Drainage Management In A Cascade Hydroponic System: Combination Of Cucumber And Melon Crops</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolaos%20Katsoulas">Nikolaos Katsoulas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioannis%20Naounoulis"> Ioannis Naounoulis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20Faliagka"> Sofia Faliagka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cascade hydroponic systems have the potential to minimize environmental impact and improve resource efficiency by recycling the nutrient solution drained from a hydroponic (primary-donor) crop to irrigate another (secondary-receiver), less sensitive to salinity crop. However, it remains unclear if the drained solution from the primary crop can fully meet the nutritional requirements of a secondary crop and whether the productivity of the secondary crop is affected. To address this question, a prototype cascade hydroponic system was designed and tested using a cucumber crop as the donor crop and a melon as secondary crop. The performance of the system in terms of productivity and water and nutrient use efficiency was evaluated by measuring plant growth, fresh and dry matter production, nutrients content, and photosynthesis rate in the secondary crop. The amount of water and nutrients used for the primary and secondary crops was also recorded. This work was carried out under the ECONUTRI project that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Horizon Europe Grant agreement: 101081858. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroponics" title="hydroponics">hydroponics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinity" title=" salinity"> salinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20use%20efficiencu" title=" water use efficiencu"> water use efficiencu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients%20use%20efficiency" title=" nutrients use efficiency"> nutrients use efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175832/drainage-management-in-a-cascade-hydroponic-system-combination-of-cucumber-and-melon-crops" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1627</span> Conservation Agriculture and Precision Water Management in Alkaline Soils under Rice-Wheat Cropping System: Effect on Wheat Productivity and Irrigation Water Use-a Case Study from India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Kakraliya">S. K. Kakraliya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20S.%20Jat"> H. S. Jat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manish%20Kakraliya"> Manish Kakraliya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20C.%20Sharma"> P. C. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20L.%20Jat"> M. L. Jat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The biggest challenge in agriculture is to produce more food for the continually increasing world population with in the limited land and water resources. Serious water deficits and reducing natural resources are some of the major threats to the agricultural sustainability in many regions of South Asia. Food and water security may be gained by bringing improvement in the crop water productivity and the amount produced per unit of water consumed. Improvement in the crop water productivity may be achieved by pursuing alternative modern agronomics approaches, which are more friendly and efficient in utilizing natural resources. Therefore, a research trial on conservation agriculture (CA) and precision water management (PWM) was conducted in 2018-19 at Karnal, India to evaluate the effect on crop productivity and irrigation in sodic soils under rice-wheat (RW) systems of Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). Eight scenarios were compared varied in the tillage, crop establishment, residue and irrigarion management i.e., {First four scenarios irrigated with flood irrigation method;Sc1-Conventional tillage (CT) without residue, Sc2-CT with residue, Sc3- Zero tillage (ZT) without residue, Sc4-ZT with residue}, and {last four scenarios irrigated with sub-surface drip irrigation method; Sc5-ZT without residue, Sc6- ZT with residue, Sc7-ZT inclusion legume without residue and Sc8- ZT inclusion legume with residue}. Results revealed that CA-flood irrigation (S3, Sc4) and CA-PWM system (Sc5, Sc6, Sc7 and Sc8) recorded about ~5% and ~15% higher wheat yield, respectively compared to Sc1. Similar, CA-PWM saved ~40% irrigation water compared to Sc1. Rice yield was not different under different scenarios in the first year (kharif 2019) but almost half irrigation water saved under CA-PWM system. Therefore, results of our study on modern agronomic practices including CA and precision water management (subsurface drip irrigation) for RW rotation would be addressed the existing and future challenges in the RW system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sub-surface%20drip" title="Sub-surface drip">Sub-surface drip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crop%20residue" title=" Crop residue"> Crop residue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crop%20yield" title=" Crop yield "> Crop yield </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zero%20tillage" title=" Zero tillage"> Zero tillage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123897/conservation-agriculture-and-precision-water-management-in-alkaline-soils-under-rice-wheat-cropping-system-effect-on-wheat-productivity-and-irrigation-water-use-a-case-study-from-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1626</span> Effects of Channel Orientation on Heat Transfer in a Rotating Rectangular Channel with Jet Impingement Cooling and Film Coolant Extraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hua%20Li">Hua Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongwu%20Deng"> Hongwu Deng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The turbine blade's leading edge is usually cooled by jet impingement cooling technology due to the heaviest heat load. For a rotating turbine blade, however, the channel orientation (β, the angle between the jet direction and the rotating plane) could play an important role in influencing the flow field and heat transfer. Therefore, in this work, the effects of channel orientation (from 90° to 180°) on heat transfer in a jet impingement cooling channel are experimentally investigated. Furthermore, the investigations are conducted under an isothermal boundary condition. Both the jet-to-target surface distance and jet-to-jet spacing are three times the jet hole diameter. The jet Reynolds number is 5,000, and the maximum jet rotation number reaches 0.24. The results show that the rotation-induced variations of heat transfer are different in each channel orientation. In the cases of 90°≤β≤135°, a vortex generated in the low-radius region of the supply channel changes the mass-flowrate distribution in each jet hole. Therefore, the heat transfer in the low-radius region decreases with the rotation number, whereas the heat transfer in the high-radius region increases, indicating that a larger temperature gradient in the radial direction could appear in the turbine blade's leading edge. When 135°<β≤180°; however, the heat transfer of the entire stagnant zone decreases with the rotation number. The rotation-induced jet deflection is the primary factor that weakens the heat transfer, and jets cannot reach the target surface at high rotation numbers. For the downstream regions, however, the heat transfer is enhanced by 50%-80% in every channel orientation because the dead zone is broken by the rotation-induced secondary flow in the impingement channel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title="heat transfer">heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jet%20impingement%20cooling" title=" jet impingement cooling"> jet impingement cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20orientation" title=" channel orientation"> channel orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20rotation%20number" title=" high rotation number"> high rotation number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isothermal%20boundary" title=" isothermal boundary"> isothermal boundary</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158120/effects-of-channel-orientation-on-heat-transfer-in-a-rotating-rectangular-channel-with-jet-impingement-cooling-and-film-coolant-extraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1625</span> Relation between Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain and Hip Rotation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20Diab">Mohamed M. Diab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Koura%20G.%20Mohamed"> Koura G. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Balbaa"> A. Balbaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radwan%20Sh.%20Ahamed"> Radwan Sh. Ahamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP) is the most common complaint of the working-age population. Mechanical low back pain is often a chronic, dull, aching pain of varying intensity that affects the lower spine. In the current proposal the hip rotation-CMLBP relationship is based on that limited hip motion will be compensated by motion in the lumbopelvic region and this increase force translates to the lumbar spine. The purpose of this study was to investigate if there a relationship between chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP) and hip medial and lateral rotation (peak torque and Range of motion (ROM) in patients with CMLBP. Methods: Sixty patients with CMLBP diagnosed by an orthopedist participated in the current study after signing a consent form. Their mean of age was (23.76±2.39) years, mean of weight (71.8±12.7) (Kg), mean of height (169.65±7.49) (Cm) and mean of BMI (25.5±3.86) (Kg/m2). Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to assess pain. Fluid Filled Inclinometer was used to measure Hip rotation ROM (medial and lateral). Isokinetic Dynamometer was used to measure peak torque of hip rotators muscles (medial and lateral), concentric peak torque with tow Isokinetic speeds (60ᵒ/sec and 180ᵒ/sec) was selected to measure peak torque. Results: The results of this study demonstrated that there is poor relationship between pain and hip external rotation ROM, also there is poor relation between pain and hip internal rotation ROM. There is poor relation between pain and hip internal rotators peak torque and hip external rotators peak torque in both speeds. Conclusion: Depending on the current study it is not recommended to give an importance to hip rotation in treating Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20rotation%20ROM" title="hip rotation ROM">hip rotation ROM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20rotators%20strength" title=" hip rotators strength"> hip rotators strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20back%20pain" title=" low back pain"> low back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20mechanical" title=" chronic mechanical"> chronic mechanical</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23698/relation-between-chronic-mechanical-low-back-pain-and-hip-rotation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1624</span> Modern Trends in Pest Management Agroindustry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amarjit%20S%20Tanda">Amarjit S Tanda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Integrated Pest Management Technology (IPMT) offers a crop protection model with sustainable agriculture production with minimum damage to the environment and human health. A concept of agro-ecological crop protection seems unsuitable under dynamic environmental systems. To remedy this, we are proposing Genetically Engineered Crop Protection System (GECPS), as an alternate concept in IPMT that suggests how GE cultivars can be optimally put to the service of crop protection. Genetically engineered cultivars which are developed by gene editing biotechnology may provide a preventive defense against the insect pests and plant diseases, a suitable alternative crop system for blending in IPMT program, in the future agro-industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated" title="integrated">integrated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pest" title=" pest"> pest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179721/modern-trends-in-pest-management-agroindustry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179721.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1623</span> Investigation of Attitude of Production Workers towards Job Rotation in Automotive Industry against the Background of Demographic Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franciska%20Weise">Franciska Weise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ralph%20Bruder"> Ralph Bruder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the demographic change in Germany along with the declining birth rate and the increasing age of population, the share of older people in society is rising. This development is also reflected in the work force of German companies. Therefore companies should focus on improving ergonomics, especially in the area of age-related work design. Literature shows that studies on age-related work design have been carried out in the past, some of whose results have been put into practice. However, there is still a need for further research. One of the most important methods for taking into account the needs of an aging population is job rotation. This method aims at preventing or reducing health risks and inappropriate physical strain. It is conceived as a systematic change of workplaces within a group. Existing literature does not cover any methods for the investigation of the attitudes of employees towards job rotation. However, in order to evaluate job rotation, it is essential to have knowledge of the views of people towards rotation. In addition to an investigation of attitudes, the design of rotation plays a crucial role. The sequence of activities and the rotation frequency influence the worker and as well the work result. The evaluation of preliminary talks on the shop floor showed that team speakers and foremen share a common understanding of job rotation. In practice, different varieties of job rotation exist. One important aspect is the frequency of rotation. It is possible to rotate never, more than one time or even during every break, or more often than every break. It depends on the opportunity or possibility to rotate whenever workers want to rotate. From the preliminary talks some challenges can be derived. For example a rotation in the whole team is not possible, if a team member requires to be trained for a new task. In order to be able to determine the relation of the design and the attitude towards job rotation, a questionnaire is carried out in the vehicle manufacturing. The questionnaire will be employed to determine the different varieties of job rotation that exist in production, as well as the attitudes of workers towards those different frequencies of job rotation. In addition, younger and older employees will be compared with regard to their rotation frequency and their attitudes towards rotation. There are three kinds of age groups. Three questions are under examination. The first question is whether older employees rotate less frequently than younger employees. Also it is investigated to know whether the frequency of job rotation and the attitude towards the frequency of job rotation are interconnected. Moreover, the attitudes of the different age groups towards the frequency of rotation will be examined. Up to now 144 employees, all working in production, took part in the survey. 36.8 % were younger than thirty, 37.5 % were between thirty und forty-four and 25.7 % were above forty-five years old. The data shows no difference between the three age groups in relation to the frequency of job rotation (N=139, median=4, Chi²=.859, df=2, p=.651). Most employees rotate between six and seven workplaces per day. In addition there is a statistically significant correlation between the frequency of job rotation and the attitude towards the frequency (Spearman-Rho: 2-sided=.008, correlation coefficient=.223). Less than four workplaces per day are not enough for the employees. The third question, which differences can be found between older and younger people who rotate in a different way and with different attitudes towards job rotation, cannot be possible answered. Till now the data shows that younger people would like to rotate very often. Regarding to older people no correlation can be found with acceptable significance. The results of the survey will be used to improve the current practice of job rotation. In addition, the discussions during the survey are expected to help sensitize the employees with respect to rotation issues, and to contribute to optimizing rotation by means of qualification and an improved design of job rotation. Together with the employees and the results of the survey there must be found standards which show how to rotate in an ergonomic way while consider the attitude towards job rotation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20rotation" title="job rotation">job rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age-related%20work%20design" title=" age-related work design"> age-related work design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=questionnaire" title=" questionnaire"> questionnaire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20industry" title=" automotive industry "> automotive industry </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29275/investigation-of-attitude-of-production-workers-towards-job-rotation-in-automotive-industry-against-the-background-of-demographic-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1622</span> Determination of the Seed Vigor of Soybean Cultivated as Main and Second Crop in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Demir%20Kaya">Mehmet Demir Kaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engin%20G%C3%B6khan%20Kulan"> Engin Gökhan Kulan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20%C4%B0leri"> Onur İleri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C3%BCleyman%20Avc%C4%B1"> Süleyman Avcı</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research was conducted to determine the difference in seed vigor between the seed lots cultivated in main and second crop of soybean in Turkey. Seeds from soybean cv. Cinsoy and Umut-2002 were evaluated in the laboratory for germination, emergence, cool test at 18°C for 10 days, and cold test at 10°C for 4 days and 25°C for 6 days. Result showed that the initial oil contents of Cinsoy and Umut-2002 and seeds were determined to be 19.8 and 20.1% in main crop, and 18.7 and 22.1% in second crop, respectively. It was determined that a clear difference between main and second crop soybean seed lots for seed vigor was found. Germination and emergence percentage were higher in the seed from second crop cultivation of the cultivars. There was no significant difference in germination percentage in cool and cold test while seedling growth was better in the seeds of second crop soybean. The highest seed vigor index (477.6) was found in the seeds of the cultivars grown at second crop. Standard germination percentage did not give a sensitive separation for determining seed vigor of soybean lots. It was concluded that second crop soybean seeds were found the most suitable for seed production while main crop soybean gave higher protein lower oil content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glycine%20max%20L." title="Glycine max L.">Glycine max L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergence" title=" emergence"> emergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20content" title=" protein content"> protein content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vigor%20test" title=" vigor test "> vigor test </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14158/determination-of-the-seed-vigor-of-soybean-cultivated-as-main-and-second-crop-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14158.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1621</span> Crop Recommendation System Using Machine Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prathik%20Ranka">Prathik Ranka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sridhar%20K"> Sridhar K</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasanth%20Daniel"> Vasanth Daniel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mithun%20Shankar"> Mithun Shankar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With growing global food needs and climate uncertainties, informed crop choices are critical for increasing agricultural productivity. Here we propose a machine learning-based crop recommendation system to help farmers in choosing the most proper crops according to their geographical regions and soil properties. We can deploy algorithms like Decision Trees, Random Forests and Support Vector Machines on a broad dataset that consists of climatic factors, soil characteristics and historical crop yields to predict the best choice of crops. The approach includes first preprocessing the data after assessing them for missing values, unlike in previous jobs where we used all the available information and then transformed because there was no way such a model could have worked with missing data, and normalizing as throughput that will be done over a network to get best results out of our machine learning division. The model effectiveness is measured through performance metrics like accuracy, precision and recall. The resultant app provides a farmer-friendly dashboard through which farmers can enter their local conditions and receive individualized crop suggestions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20recommendation" title="crop recommendation">crop recommendation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20agriculture" title=" precision agriculture"> precision agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop" title=" crop"> crop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193115/crop-recommendation-system-using-machine-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">15</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1620</span> Long-Term Conservation Tillage Impact on Soil Properties and Crop Productivity </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danute%20Karcauskiene">Danute Karcauskiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20Ambrazaitiene"> Dalia Ambrazaitiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Regina%20Skuodiene"> Regina Skuodiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Vilkiene"> Monika Vilkiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Regina%20Repsiene"> Regina Repsiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ieva%20Jokubauskaite"> Ieva Jokubauskaite</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main ambition for nowadays agriculture is to get the economically effective yield and to secure the soil ecological sustainability. According to the effect on the main soil quality indexes, tillage systems may be separated into two types, conventional and conservation tillage. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of conservation and conventional primary soil tillage methods and soil fertility improvement measures on soil properties and crop productivity. Methods: The soil of the experimental site is Dystric Glossic Retisol (WRB 2014) with texture of sandy loam. The trial was established in 2003 in the experimental field of crop rotation of Vėžaičiai Branch of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. Trial factors and treatments: factor A- primary soil tillage in (autumn): deep ploughing (20-25cm), shallow ploughing (10-12cm), shallow ploughless tillage (8-10cm); factor B – soil fertility improvement measures: plant residues, plant residues + straw, green manure 1st cut + straw, farmyard manure 40tha-1 + straw. The four - course crop rotation consisted of red clover, winter wheat, spring rape and spring barley with undersown. Results: The tillage had no statistically significant effect on topsoil (0-10 cm) pHKCl level, it was 5.5 - 5.7. During all experiment period, the highest soil pHKCl level (5.65) was in the shallow ploughless tillage. The organic fertilizers particularly the biomass of grass and farmyard manure had tendency to increase the soil pHKCl. The content of plant - available phosphorus and potassium significantly increase in the shallow ploughing compared with others tillage systems. The farmyard manure increases those elements in whole arable layer. The dissolved organic carbon concentration was significantly higher in the 0 - 10 cm soil layer in the shallow ploughless tillage compared with deep ploughing. After the incorporation of clover biomass and farmyard manure the concentration of dissolved organic carbon increased in the top soil layer. During all experiment period the largest amount of water stable aggregates was determined in the soil where the shallow ploughless tillage was applied. It was by 12% higher compared with deep ploughing. During all experiment time, the soil moisture was higher in the shallow ploughing and shallow ploughless tillage (9-27%) compared to deep ploughing. The lowest emission of CO2 was determined in the deep ploughing soil. The highest rate of CO2 emission was in shallow ploughless tillage. The addition of organic fertilisers had a tendency to increase the CO2 emission, but there was no statistically significant effect between the different types of organic fertilisers. The crop yield was larger in the deep ploughing soil compared to the shallow and shallow ploughless tillage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20tillage" title="reduced tillage">reduced tillage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20structure" title=" soil structure"> soil structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20pH" title=" soil pH"> soil pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20activity" title=" biological activity"> biological activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20productivity" title=" crop productivity"> crop productivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52998/long-term-conservation-tillage-impact-on-soil-properties-and-crop-productivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20rotation&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20rotation&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20rotation&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20rotation&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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