CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Eddie Slovik - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"d8ffd7e2-8d47-45ed-a6f8-c51d485608cf","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Eddie_Slovik","wgTitle":"Eddie Slovik","wgCurRevisionId":1257570363,"wgRevisionId":1257570363,"wgArticleId":62368,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 errors: periodical ignored","CS1 errors: missing periodical","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from June 2022","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use mdy dates from August 2021","Pages using infobox military person with embed","Articles with hCards","Articles containing German-language text","1920 births","1945 deaths", "20th-century executions by the United States military","20th-century executions of American people","American people of Polish descent","Deaths by firearm in France","Executed people from Michigan","Fordson High School alumni","Military discipline and World War II","Military personnel from Detroit","United States Army personnel who were court-martialed","United States Army personnel killed in World War II","People executed by the United States military by firing squad","People executed for desertion","People from Dearborn, Michigan","United States Army soldiers"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Eddie_Slovik","wgRelevantArticleId":62368,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q503091","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns", "ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d4/Eddie_Slovik.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1853"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d4/Eddie_Slovik.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1236"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="988"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Eddie Slovik - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Eddie_Slovik rootpage-Eddie_Slovik skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Eddie+Slovik" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Eddie+Slovik" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Eddie+Slovik" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Eddie+Slovik" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Desertion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desertion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Desertion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desertion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Court-martial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Court-martial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Court-martial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Court-martial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Execution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Execution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Execution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Execution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Burial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eddie Slovik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%83" title="إدي سلوفيك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إدي سلوفيك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A7" title="אדי סלוביק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אדי סלוביק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%83" title="ايدى سلوفيك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايدى سلوفيك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AF" title="エディ・スロヴィク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エディ・スロヴィク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA,_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4" title="Словик, Эдвард Дональд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Словик, Эдвард Дональд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eddie Slovik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B4%D1%96_%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Едді Словік – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Едді Словік" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E7%B6%AD%E5%85%8B" title="埃迪·斯洛維克 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="埃迪·斯洛維克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q503091#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Eddie_Slovik" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Slovik"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Slovik"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Eddie_Slovik" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Eddie_Slovik" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&oldid=1257570363" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Eddie_Slovik&id=1257570363&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEddie_Slovik"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEddie_Slovik"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Eddie_Slovik&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q503091" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American army soldier (1920–1945)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Eddie Slovik</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Eddie_Slovik.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d4/Eddie_Slovik.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="278" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="278" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Edward Donald Slovik</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1920-02-18</span>)</span>February 18, 1920<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Detroit,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit, Michigan">Detroit, Michigan</a>, United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">January 31, 1945<span style="display:none">(1945-01-31)</span> (aged 24)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines" title="Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines">Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Est" title="Grand Est">Grand Est</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_French_Republic" title="Provisional Government of the French Republic">France</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause of death</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Execution_by_firing_squad" title="Execution by firing squad">Execution by firing squad</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal status</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Executed" class="mw-redirect" title="Executed">Executed</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Conviction" title="Conviction">Conviction(s)</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Desertion" title="Desertion">Desertion</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal penalty</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_by_the_United_States_military" title="Capital punishment by the United States military">Death</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;">Military career</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">"Eddie"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span>United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/25px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/38px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png 2x" data-file-width="2383" data-file-height="2358" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1944–1945</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em"><a href="/wiki/Service_number" title="Service number">Service number</a></th><td class="infobox-data">36896415</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data">Company G, <a href="/wiki/109th_Infantry_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="109th Infantry Regiment">109th Infantry Regiment</a>, <a href="/wiki/28th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="28th Infantry Division (United States)">28th Infantry Division</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Spouse(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Antoinette Wisniewski</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1942⁠–⁠1945)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Edward Donald Slovik</b> (February 18, 1920 – January 31, 1945) was a United States Army soldier during World War II and the only American soldier to be <a href="/wiki/Court-martial" title="Court-martial">court-martialled</a> and <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_by_the_United_States_military" title="Capital punishment by the United States military">executed</a> for <a href="/wiki/Desertion" title="Desertion">desertion</a> since the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-simmons_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simmons-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JAG_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although over 21,000 American soldiers were given varying sentences for desertion during World War II, including 49 death sentences, Slovik's death sentence was the only one that was carried out.<sup id="cite_ref-simmons_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simmons-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-today_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-today-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kimmelman_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimmelman-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During World War II, 1.7 million courts-martial were held, representing one third of all criminal cases tried in the United States during the same period. Most of the cases were minor, as were the sentences.<sup id="cite_ref-JAG_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, a clemency board, appointed by Secretary of War <a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Stimson" title="Henry L. Stimson">Henry L. Stimson</a> in the summer of 1945, reviewed all general courts-martial where the accused was still in confinement,<sup id="cite_ref-JAG_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and remitted or reduced the sentence in 85 percent of the 27,000 serious cases reviewed.<sup id="cite_ref-JAG_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The death penalty was rarely imposed, and usually only for cases involving rape or murder. Slovik was the only soldier executed who had been convicted of a "purely military" offense.<sup id="cite_ref-JAG_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Slovik was born in <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> in 1920 to a Catholic, <a href="/wiki/Polish_Americans" title="Polish Americans">Polish-American</a> family, the son of Anna Lutsky and Josef Slowikowski.<sup id="cite_ref-Huie_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huie-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a minor, he was a troublemaker and had contact with the police frequently. Slovik was first arrested at age 12 when he and some friends broke into a foundry to steal brass.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1932 to 1937, he was arrested several times for offenses which included petty theft, <a href="/wiki/Burglary" title="Burglary">breaking and entering</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Breach_of_the_peace" title="Breach of the peace">disturbing the peace</a>. In October 1937, he was sent to prison, but was paroled in September 1938. After stealing and crashing a car with two friends while drunk, he was sent back to prison in January 1939. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 1942, Slovik was paroled once more. He then obtained a job at Montella Plumbing and Heating in <a href="/wiki/Dearborn,_Michigan" title="Dearborn, Michigan">Dearborn</a>, Michigan. While working there, he met the woman who became his wife, Antoinette Wisniewski. She was working as a bookkeeper for Montella Plumbing's owner, James Montella. They married on November 7, 1942, and lived with her parents. Slovik's criminal record classified him as morally unfit for duty in the U.S. military (<a href="/wiki/4F_(military_conscription)#Classifications" class="mw-redirect" title="4F (military conscription)">4-F</a>), but, shortly after the couple's first wedding anniversary, Slovik was reclassified as fit for duty (<a href="/wiki/4F_(military_conscription)#Classifications" class="mw-redirect" title="4F (military conscription)">1-A</a>) and subsequently <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">drafted</a> by the Army on January 3, 1944, from Detroit, Michigan. </p><p>Slovik arrived at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Wolters" title="Fort Wolters">Camp Wolters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> for basic training on January 24, 1944, and was assigned to Company D of the 59th Infantry Training Battalion on January 31, 1944. On July 11, 1944, he was assigned to Ground Forces Replacement Depot No. 1 at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Meade" title="Fort Meade">Fort George G. Meade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>. In August, he was dispatched to join the fighting in German-occupied France, and was assigned to the 3rd Replacement Depot. On August 24, he was one of 129 replacements assigned to the <a href="/wiki/28th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="28th Infantry Division (United States)">28th Infantry Division</a>. He stayed in the division rear area overnight, before being assigned along with fifteen other men to Company G, <a href="/wiki/109th_Infantry_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="109th Infantry Regiment">109th Infantry Regiment</a> on August 25, 1944. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Desertion">Desertion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Desertion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While en route to his assigned unit near <a href="/wiki/Elbeuf" title="Elbeuf">Elbeuf</a>, France, Slovik and Private John Tankey, a friend he met at Fort Meade, took cover during an artillery attack during the night and became separated from Company G. Company G moved on the next morning, inadvertently leaving Slovik and Tankey behind. Slovik and Tankey found a <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Provost_Corps" title="Canadian Provost Corps">Canadian military police</a> unit that had occupied the town and remained with it for the next six weeks. Tankey wrote to his and Slovik's regiment to explain their absence before the Canadians made arrangements for them to return to duty with their unit on October 7, 1944. </p><p>The following day, October 8, Slovik informed his company commander, Captain Ralph Grotte, that he was "too scared" to serve in a front-line rifle company and asked to be reassigned to a unit in a rear area. He then told Grotte that he would run away if he were assigned to a rifle unit, and asked his captain if that would constitute desertion, resulting in a court-martial. Grotte confirmed that it would, refused Slovik's request for reassignment, and sent him to a rifle platoon.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The next day, October 9, Slovik deserted from his unit. John Tankey caught up with him and attempted to persuade him to stay, but Slovik's only comment was that his "mind was made up". Slovik walked several miles to the rear and approached an enlisted cook at a military government detachment of the <a href="/wiki/112th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="112th Infantry Regiment (United States)">112th Infantry Regiment</a>, presenting him with a note which stated: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I, Pvt. Eddie D. Slovik, 36896415, confess to the desertion of the United States Army. At the time of my desertion we were in Albuff [<i>sic</i>; "Elbeuf"] in France. I came to Albuff as a replacement. They were shilling [<i>sic</i>; "shelling"] the town and we were told to dig in for the night. The following morning they were shilling us again. I was so scared[,] nerves [<i>sic</i>; "nervous"] and trembling that at the time the other replacements moved out I couldn't move. I stayed their [<i>sic</i>; "there"] in my fox hole till it was quite [<i>sic</i>; "quiet"] and I was able to move. I then walked into town. Not seeing any of our troops so I stayed over night at a French hospital. The next morning I turned myself over to the Canadian Provost Corp [<i>sic</i>; "Corps"]. After being with them six weeks I was turned over to American M.R[.] [<i>sic</i>; "MP" - "military police"] They turned me lose [<i>sic</i>; loose]. I told my commanding officer my story. I said that if I had to go out their [<i>sic</i>; there] again Id [<i>sic</i>; "I'd"] run away. He said there was nothing he could do for me so I ran away again AND I'LL RUN AWAY AGAIN IF I HAVE TO GO OUT THEIR [<i>sic</i>; "THERE"].</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Signed PvI. [<i>sic</i>] Eddie D. Slovik A.S.N. 36896415<sup id="cite_ref-Kimmelman_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimmelman-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The cook took Slovik to a military policeman, then to his company commander, who read the note and urged Slovik to destroy it before he was taken into custody. Slovik refused. He was brought before Lieutenant Colonel Ross Henbest, who again offered him the opportunity to tear up the note, return to his unit, and face no further charges; Slovik again refused. Henbest instructed Slovik to write another note on the back of the first one stating that he fully understood the consequences of deliberately incriminating himself, and that it would be used as evidence against him in a court-martial. </p><p>Slovik was taken into custody and confined to the division stockade. The division's <a href="/wiki/Judge_Advocate_General%27s_Corps,_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army">judge advocate</a>, Lieutenant Colonel Henry Sommer, offered Slovik a third and final opportunity to rejoin his unit in exchange for the charges against him being dropped. He also offered to transfer Slovik to a different infantry regiment in the division where no one would know of his past and he could start with a "clean slate". Slovik, still convinced that he would face only jail time (which he had already experienced and considered far more tolerable than combat), declined these offers, saying "I've made up my mind. I'll take my court martial."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Court-martial">Court-martial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Court-martial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 28th Infantry Division was scheduled to begin an <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_H%C3%BCrtgen_Forest" title="Battle of Hürtgen Forest">attack in the Hurtgen Forest</a>. The coming attack was common knowledge in the unit, and casualty rates were expected to be high, as the prolonged combat in the area had been unusually grueling. The Germans were determined to hold the terrain, and weather greatly reduced the usual American advantages in armor and air support. A small minority of soldiers (less than 0.5%) indicated they preferred to be imprisoned rather than remain in combat, and the rates of desertion and other crimes had begun to rise. </p><p>Slovik was charged with desertion to avoid hazardous duty and tried by court-martial on November 11, 1944. Slovik had to be tried by a court-martial composed of staff officers from other U.S. Army divisions, because all combat officers from the 28th Infantry Division were fighting on the front lines.<sup id="cite_ref-JAG_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prosecutor, Captain John Green, presented witnesses to whom Slovik had stated his intention to "run away". According to his defense counsel, Captain Edward Woods, Slovik had elected not to testify. At the end of the day, the nine officers of the court found Slovik guilty and sentenced him to death. The sentence was reviewed and approved by Major General <a href="/wiki/Norman_Cota" title="Norman Cota">Norman Cota</a>, the division commander. General Cota's stated attitude was "Given the situation as I knew it in November 1944, I thought it was my duty to this country to approve that sentence. If I hadn't approved it — if I had let Slovik accomplish his purpose — I don't know how I could have gone up to the line and looked a good soldier in the face."<sup id="cite_ref-JAG_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 9, Slovik wrote a letter to the Supreme Allied Commander, General <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, pleading for clemency.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, desertion had become a systemic problem in France, and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a>, a surprise German offensive through the Ardennes, began on December 16 with severe US casualties, bypassing and surrounding many units and straining the morale of the infantry to the greatest extent yet seen during the war. </p><p>Eisenhower confirmed the execution order on December 23, noting that it was necessary to discourage further desertions. The sentence came as a shock to Slovik, who had been expecting a <a href="/wiki/Dishonorable_discharge" class="mw-redirect" title="Dishonorable discharge">dishonorable discharge</a> and a prison term, the same punishment he had seen given to other deserters from the division while he was confined to the stockade. As he was an ex-convict, a dishonorable discharge would have made little impact on his civilian life as a common laborer, and military prison terms for discipline offenses were widely expected to be commuted once the war was over. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Execution">Execution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Execution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The execution by firing squad was carried out at 10:04 a.m. on January 31, 1945, near the village of <a href="/wiki/Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines" title="Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines">Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines</a>. The defiant Slovik said to the soldiers whose duty it was to prepare him for the firing squad before they led him to the place of execution: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"> <p>They're not shooting me for deserting the United States Army, thousands of guys have done that. They just need to make an example out of somebody and I'm it because I'm an ex-con. I used to steal things when I was a kid, and that's what they are shooting me for. They're shooting me for the bread and chewing gum I stole when I was 12 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>As required by military custom, Slovik's uniform was stripped of all identifying military insignia, buttons, and any other accoutrements. He was wrapped with a GI blanket over his shoulders to protect him against the cold, and led into the courtyard of a house chosen for the execution because of its high masonry wall, which would deflect errant bullets and discourage the local French civilians from witnessing the proceedings. Soldiers stood him against a six inch by six inch (15 × 15 cm) post. He was then strapped to the post with web belts, with one wrapped around and under his arms and hung on a spike on the back side of the post to prevent his body from slumping following the volley, and the others securing his waist and knees. Just before a soldier placed a black hood over his head, the attending chaplain, Father Carl Patrick Cummings, said to Slovik, "Eddie, when you get up there, say a little prayer for me." Slovik replied with his last words: "Okay, Father. I'll pray that you don't follow me too soon."<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The firing squad consisted of twelve soldiers selected from the 109th Regiment. The weapons used were standard-issue <a href="/wiki/M1_Garand" title="M1 Garand">M1 Garand</a> rifles, eleven of them loaded with just one round and one rifle loaded with a blank round.<sup id="cite_ref-Huie_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huie-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the command of "Fire", Slovik was hit by eleven bullets, at least four of them being fatal. The wounds ranged from high in the neck region out to the left shoulder, over the left chest, and under the heart. One bullet was in the left upper arm. An Army physician quickly determined Slovik had not been immediately killed. As the firing squad's rifles were being reloaded to fire another volley, Slovik died. He was 24 years old. The entire execution took 15 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-Huie_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huie-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Burial">Burial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Burial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Slovik was buried in <a href="/wiki/List_of_Burials_at_Oise-Aisne_American_Cemetery_Plot_E" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Burials at Oise-Aisne American Cemetery Plot E">Plot E</a> of <a href="/wiki/Oise-Aisne_American_Cemetery_and_Memorial" title="Oise-Aisne American Cemetery and Memorial">Oise-Aisne American Cemetery and Memorial</a> in Fère-en-Tardenois, alongside 95 American soldiers executed for rape or murder. Their grave markers are hidden from view by shrubbery and bear sequential numbers instead of names, making it impossible to identify them individually without knowing the key. Antoinette Slovik petitioned the Army for her husband's remains and his pension until her death in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Slovik's case was taken in 1981 by former <a href="/wiki/Macomb_County,_Michigan" title="Macomb County, Michigan">Macomb County</a> Commissioner Bernard V. Calka, a Polish-American and veteran of World War II, who continued to petition the Army to return Slovik's remains to the United States. In 1987, he persuaded President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> to order their return.<sup id="cite_ref-body_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-body-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1987, Calka raised $5,000 to pay for the exhumation of Slovik's remains from Row 3, Grave 65 of Plot E, and their transfer to Detroit's <a href="/wiki/Woodmere_Cemetery" title="Woodmere Cemetery">Woodmere Cemetery</a>, where Slovik was reburied next to his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-body_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-body-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Slovik's military service record is now a public archival record available from the <a href="/wiki/Military_Personnel_Records_Center" title="Military Personnel Records Center">Military Personnel Records Center</a>. </p><p>Antoinette Slovik and others petitioned seven U.S. presidents (<a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>) for a pardon, but none was granted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Analysis">Analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In militaries around the world, courts-martial have imposed death sentences for offenses such as cowardice, desertion, insubordination, and mutiny. In France during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, from 1917 to 1918, the United States Army executed 35 of its own soldiers, but all were convicted of rape or unprovoked murder of civilians and not for military offenses.<sup id="cite_ref-Drimmer1992_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drimmer1992-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During World War II, in all theaters of the war, the United States military executed 102 of its own soldiers for rape or unprovoked murder of civilians, but only Slovik was executed for the military offense of desertion.<sup id="cite_ref-JAG_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Colonel Robert C. Bard of the <a href="/wiki/Judge_Advocate_General%27s_Corps" title="Judge Advocate General's Corps">judge advocate general's office</a> noted that of the 2,864 army personnel tried for desertion for the period January 1942 through June 1948, 49 were convicted and sentenced to death, with 48 of those sentences commuted by higher authority. At least one of the members of the tribunal came to believe that Slovik's execution was an injustice in light of all the circumstances, and was an example of disparate treatment from a flawed process.<sup id="cite_ref-Kimmelman_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimmelman-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1954, <a href="/wiki/William_Bradford_Huie" title="William Bradford Huie">William Bradford Huie</a> published a non-fiction account of the case titled <i><a href="/wiki/The_Execution_of_Private_Slovik" title="The Execution of Private Slovik">The Execution of Private Slovik</a></i>. </p><p>In 1960, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> announced his plan to produce a movie based on the book, with the same title, to be written by screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Albert_Maltz" title="Albert Maltz">Albert Maltz</a>. This announcement provoked great outrage, in part because Maltz was part of the blacklisted <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood 10">Hollywood 10</a>, and Sinatra was accused of being a <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">Communist</a> sympathizer. As Sinatra was campaigning for <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> for president at the time, the Kennedy camp became concerned, and persuaded Sinatra to cancel the project.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hans_Magnus_Enzensberger" title="Hans Magnus Enzensberger">Hans Magnus Enzensberger</a> wrote an essay about Slovik and his death, included in the 1964 book <i>Dreamers of the Absolute</i> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Politik und Verbrechen</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1968, <a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_music" title="Psychedelic music">psychedelic</a> <a href="/wiki/Folk_rock" title="Folk rock">folk rock</a> group <a href="/wiki/Pearls_Before_Swine_(band)" title="Pearls Before Swine (band)">Pearls Before Swine</a> dedicated their second album <i><a href="/wiki/Balaklava_(album)" title="Balaklava (album)">Balaklava</a></i> "to Pvt. Edward D. Slovik, U.S. Army, deceased". </p><p>In 1974, Huie's book was adapted by <a href="/wiki/Lamont_Johnson" title="Lamont Johnson">Lamont Johnson</a> into a TV movie, also titled <i><a href="/wiki/The_Execution_of_Private_Slovik" title="The Execution of Private Slovik">The Execution of Private Slovik</a></i>, which starred <a href="/wiki/Martin_Sheen" title="Martin Sheen">Martin Sheen</a>. </p><p>The 1963 war film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Victors_(1963_film)" title="The Victors (1963 film)">The Victors</a></i> includes a scene featuring the execution of a deserter that closely resembles Slovik's desertion and execution.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Vonnegut" title="Kurt Vonnegut">Kurt Vonnegut</a> mentions Slovik's execution in his 1969 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Slaughterhouse-Five" title="Slaughterhouse-Five">Slaughterhouse-Five</a></i>. Vonnegut also wrote a companion (alternate) libretto to <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Histoire_du_soldat" title="L'Histoire du soldat">L'Histoire du soldat</a></i> (<i>A Soldier's Tale</i>), telling Slovik's story. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Polish_Americans_in_Metro_Detroit" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Polish Americans in Metro Detroit">History of the Polish Americans in Metro Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pringle" title="Harold Pringle">Harold Pringle</a>, the only Canadian soldier executed during World War II</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-simmons-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-simmons_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-simmons_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSimmons1999" class="citation news cs1">Simmons, Zena (August 25, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120525211811/http://apps.detnews.com/apps/history/index.php?id=103">"The Execution of Pvt. Eddie Slovik"</a>. <i>The Detroit News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.detnews.com/apps/history/index.php?id=103">the original</a> on May 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Detroit+News&rft.atitle=The+Execution+of+Pvt.+Eddie+Slovik&rft.date=1999-08-25&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Zena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapps.detnews.com%2Fapps%2Fhistory%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JAG-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JAG_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAG_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAG_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAG_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAG_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAG_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAG_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAG_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725214525/http://warchronicle.com/MilitaryJustice/historiantales/ExecutionPvtSlovik.htm"><i>The Execution of Private Slovik</i></a>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 1993. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0899418452" title="Special:BookSources/978-0899418452"><bdi>978-0899418452</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://warchronicle.com/MilitaryJustice/historiantales/ExecutionPvtSlovik.htm">the original</a> on July 25, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Execution+of+Private+Slovik&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0899418452&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwarchronicle.com%2FMilitaryJustice%2Fhistoriantales%2FExecutionPvtSlovik.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-today-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-today_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFExecutedToday.com2009" class="citation web cs1">ExecutedToday.com (January 31, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407015547/http://www.executedtoday.com/2009/01/31/1945-private-eddie-slovik-desertion/">"1945: Private Eddie Slovik, the last American shot for desertion"</a>. executedtoday.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.executedtoday.com/2009/01/31/1945-private-eddie-slovik-desertion/">the original</a> on April 7, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 6,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1945%3A+Private+Eddie+Slovik%2C+the+last+American+shot+for+desertion&rft.pub=executedtoday.com&rft.date=2009-01-31&rft.au=ExecutedToday.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.executedtoday.com%2F2009%2F01%2F31%2F1945-private-eddie-slovik-desertion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kimmelman-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kimmelman_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kimmelman_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kimmelman_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimmelman1987" class="citation journal cs1">Kimmelman, Benedict B. (September–October 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanheritage.com/node/55767">"The Example Of Private Slovik"</a>. <i>American Heritage Magazine</i>. <b>38</b> (6)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Heritage+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Example+Of+Private+Slovik&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.date=1987-09%2F1987-10&rft.aulast=Kimmelman&rft.aufirst=Benedict+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanheritage.com%2Fnode%2F55767&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220208175451/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1499&dat=19451228&id=9kUaAAAAIBAJ&pg=4558,4602232">"Courts of Appeal, Army Style"</a>. <i>Milwaukee Journal</i>. December 23, 1945. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1499&dat=19451228&id=9kUaAAAAIBAJ&pg=4558,4602232">the original</a> on February 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Milwaukee+Journal&rft.atitle=Courts+of+Appeal%2C+Army+Style&rft.date=1945-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1499%26dat%3D19451228%26id%3D9kUaAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4558%2C4602232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Huie-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Huie_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Huie_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Huie_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuie1954" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Bradford_Huie" title="William Bradford Huie">Huie, William</a> (1954). <i>The Execution of Private Slovik</i>. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. pp. 141ff. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1594160035" title="Special:BookSources/978-1594160035"><bdi>978-1594160035</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Execution+of+Private+Slovik&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=141ff&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=1954&rft.isbn=978-1594160035&rft.aulast=Huie&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLach2013" class="citation journal cs1">Lach, Jr (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0600896">"Slovik, Eddie : American National Biography Online – oi"</a>. <b>1</b>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.0600896">10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0600896</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Slovik%2C+Eddie+%3A+American+National+Biography+Online+%E2%80%93+oi&rft.volume=1&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.0600896&rft.aulast=Lach&rft.aufirst=Jr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxfordindex.oup.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.0600896&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnt,_Uzal_W" class="citation web cs1">Ent, Uzal W. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100107011405/http://www.28-110-k.org/sad_story_of_private_eddie_slovi.html">"The Sad Story of Private Eddie Slovik"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.28-110-k.org/sad_story_of_private_eddie_slovi.html">the original</a> on January 7, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Sad+Story+of+Private+Eddie+Slovik&rft.au=Ent%2C+Uzal+W&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.28-110-k.org%2Fsad_story_of_private_eddie_slovi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101027054007/http://detroitpolonia.org/articles/eslovik.htm">"Pvt. Eddie D. Slovik"</a>. West Side Detroit Polish American Historical Society. November 1, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.detroitpolonia.org/articles/eslovik.htm">the original</a> on October 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pvt.+Eddie+D.+Slovik&rft.pub=West+Side+Detroit+Polish+American+Historical+Society&rft.date=2007-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.detroitpolonia.org%2Farticles%2Feslovik.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historynet.com/whos-to-blame-for-private-eddie-sloviks-death.htm">"Who's to Blame for Private Eddie Slovik's Death?"</a>. June 15, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who%27s+to+Blame+for+Private+Eddie+Slovik%27s+Death%3F&rft.date=2018-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historynet.com%2Fwhos-to-blame-for-private-eddie-sloviks-death.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibbons-Neff" class="citation web cs1">Gibbons-Neff, Thomas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2015/12/16/why-sgt-bowe-bergdahl-will-never-face-an-army-firing-squad/">"Why Sgt. Bowe Bergdahl will never face an Army firing squad"</a>. <i>The Washington Post, washingtonpost.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 17,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post%2C+washingtonpost.com&rft.atitle=Why+Sgt.+Bowe+Bergdahl+will+never+face+an+Army+firing+squad&rft.aulast=Gibbons-Neff&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fcheckpoint%2Fwp%2F2015%2F12%2F16%2Fwhy-sgt-bowe-bergdahl-will-never-face-an-army-firing-squad%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlass2013" class="citation book cs1">Glass, Charles (2013). <i>Deserter : the last untold story of the Second World War</i>. London: HarperPress. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0007345922" title="Special:BookSources/978-0007345922"><bdi>978-0007345922</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/818449638">818449638</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deserter+%3A+the+last+untold+story+of+the+Second+World+War&rft.place=London&rft.pub=HarperPress&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F818449638&rft.isbn=978-0007345922&rft.aulast=Glass&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser1979" class="citation news cs1">Fraser, C. Gerald (September 8, 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1979/09/08/archives/antoinette-slovik-widow-of-a-gi-shot-by-army-for-desertion-in-1945.html">"Antoinette Slovik, Widow of a G.I. Shot by Army for Desertion in 1945"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i> (New York ed.). p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Antoinette+Slovik%2C+Widow+of+a+G.I.+Shot+by+Army+for+Desertion+in+1945&rft.pages=36&rft.date=1979-09-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=C.+Gerald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1979%2F09%2F08%2Farchives%2Fantoinette-slovik-widow-of-a-gi-shot-by-army-for-desertion-in-1945.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-body-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-body_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-body_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GkgVAAAAIBAJ&pg=5161,2687679&dq=calka+slovik+president">"Body of executed soldier interred next to his wife"</a>. Associated Press. July 12, 1987<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Body+of+executed+soldier+interred+next+to+his+wife&rft.date=1987-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DGkgVAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5161%2C2687679%26dq%3Dcalka%2Bslovik%2Bpresident&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged June 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Drimmer1992-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Drimmer1992_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrimmer1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Drimmer" title="Frederick Drimmer">Drimmer, Frederick</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w8LyAAAAMAAJ"><i>Until You Are Dead: The Book of Executions in America</i></a>. Kensington Books. p. 378. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1558176188" title="Special:BookSources/978-1558176188"><bdi>978-1558176188</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2010</span>. <q>According to United States Army records, 35 soldiers were executed for murder, mutiny, and rape in World War I.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Until+You+Are+Dead%3A+The+Book+of+Executions+in+America&rft.pages=378&rft.pub=Kensington+Books&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-1558176188&rft.aulast=Drimmer&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw8LyAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMestrovic2009" class="citation book cs1">Mestrovic, Stjepan G (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M5e79VIm5DgC"><i>The Good Soldier on Trial: A Sociological Study of Misconduct by the US Military Pertaining to Operation Iron Triangle, Iraq</i></a>. Algora Publishing. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0875867410" title="Special:BookSources/978-0875867410"><bdi>978-0875867410</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Good+Soldier+on+Trial%3A+A+Sociological+Study+of+Misconduct+by+the+US+Military+Pertaining+to+Operation+Iron+Triangle%2C+Iraq&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Algora+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0875867410&rft.aulast=Mestrovic&rft.aufirst=Stjepan+G&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM5e79VIm5DgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelley1987" class="citation book cs1">Kelley, Kitty (1987). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hiswayunauthoriz00kell_0/page/296"><i>His Way: The Unauthorized Biography of Frank Sinatra</i></a></span>. New York: Bantam Books. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hiswayunauthoriz00kell_0/page/296">296–301</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0553265156" title="Special:BookSources/978-0553265156"><bdi>978-0553265156</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=His+Way%3A+The+Unauthorized+Biography+of+Frank+Sinatra&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=296-301&rft.pub=Bantam+Books&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0553265156&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=Kitty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhiswayunauthoriz00kell_0%2Fpage%2F296&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerardinelli2022" class="citation journal cs1">Berardinelli, Alfonso (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://electramagazine.fundacaoedp.pt/en/editions/issue-18/hans-magnus-enzensberger">"Hans Magnus Enzensberger"</a>. <i>Electra</i> (18). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Funda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_EDP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundação EDP (page does not exist)">Fundação EDP</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_EDP" class="extiw" title="pt:Fundação EDP">pt</a>]</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electra&rft.atitle=Hans+Magnus+Enzensberger&rft.issue=18&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Berardinelli&rft.aufirst=Alfonso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felectramagazine.fundacaoedp.pt%2Fen%2Feditions%2Fissue-18%2Fhans-magnus-enzensberger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowther1963" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bosley_Crowther" title="Bosley Crowther">Crowther, Bosley</a> (December 20, 1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9501E6DA1F30EF3BBC4851DFB4678388679EDE">"Screen: The Grim Message of War:Foreman's 'The Victors' at Two Theaters"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 15,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Screen%3A+The+Grim+Message+of+War%3AForeman%27s+%27The+Victors%27+at+Two+Theaters&rft.date=1963-12-20&rft.aulast=Crowther&rft.aufirst=Bosley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9501E6DA1F30EF3BBC4851DFB4678388679EDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimmelman1987" class="citation journal cs1">Kimmelman, Benedict B. (September–October 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanheritage.com/node/55767">"The Example Of Private Slovik"</a>. <i>American Heritage Magazine</i>. <b>38</b> (6)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Heritage+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Example+Of+Private+Slovik&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.date=1987-09%2F1987-10&rft.aulast=Kimmelman&rft.aufirst=Benedict+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanheritage.com%2Fnode%2F55767&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span> Retrospective from one of the judges at Slovik's trial.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140809193028/http://media.nara.gov/dc-metro/2125407-slovik/Slovik-Eddie-D-Vol-1-of-3-pt-1/Slovik-Eddie-D-Vol-1-of-3-pt-1.pdf">"Court Martial Case 290498 (Private Eddie Slovik) Correspondence File, Volume I of III"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.archives.gov</i>. Department of Defense. Department of the Army. Office of the Judge Advocate General. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.nara.gov/dc-metro/2125407-slovik/Slovik-Eddie-D-Vol-1-of-3-pt-1/Slovik-Eddie-D-Vol-1-of-3-pt-1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on August 9, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.archives.gov&rft.atitle=Court+Martial+Case+290498+%28Private+Eddie+Slovik%29+Correspondence+File%2C+Volume+I+of+III&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.nara.gov%2Fdc-metro%2F2125407-slovik%2FSlovik-Eddie-D-Vol-1-of-3-pt-1%2FSlovik-Eddie-D-Vol-1-of-3-pt-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEddie+Slovik" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150118060205/http://www.commandposts.com/2013/01/january-31-1945-the-execution-of-private-eddie-slovik/">Report of Slovik's execution</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/3134">Eddie Slovik</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503091#P535" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503091#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503091#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503091#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000002677577X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/38275139">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/104862/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkp4xkj3jMR3hjr3rp3wC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82219644">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810617681205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007444473205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10570185">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6n45zxp">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&oldid=1257570363">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&oldid=1257570363</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1920_births" title="Category:1920 births">1920 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1945_deaths" title="Category:1945 deaths">1945 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_executions_by_the_United_States_military" title="Category:20th-century executions by the United States military">20th-century executions by the United States military</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_executions_of_American_people" title="Category:20th-century executions of American people">20th-century executions of American people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Polish_descent" title="Category:American people of Polish descent">American people of Polish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deaths_by_firearm_in_France" title="Category:Deaths by firearm in France">Deaths by firearm in France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Executed_people_from_Michigan" title="Category:Executed people from Michigan">Executed people from Michigan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fordson_High_School_alumni" title="Category:Fordson High School alumni">Fordson High School alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_discipline_and_World_War_II" title="Category:Military discipline and World War II">Military discipline and World War II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_Detroit" title="Category:Military personnel from Detroit">Military personnel from Detroit</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_personnel_who_were_court-martialed" title="Category:United States Army personnel who were court-martialed">United States Army personnel who were court-martialed</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_personnel_killed_in_World_War_II" title="Category:United States Army personnel killed in World War II">United States Army personnel killed in World War II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_executed_by_the_United_States_military_by_firing_squad" title="Category:People executed by the United States military by firing squad">People executed by the United States military by firing squad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_executed_for_desertion" title="Category:People executed for desertion">People executed for desertion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Dearborn,_Michigan" title="Category:People from Dearborn, Michigan">People from Dearborn, Michigan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_soldiers" title="Category:United States Army soldiers">United States Army soldiers</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_periodical" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical">CS1 errors: missing periodical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_June_2022" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from June 2022">Articles with dead external links from June 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_August_2021" title="Category:Use mdy dates from August 2021">Use mdy dates from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_military_person_with_embed" title="Category:Pages using infobox military person with embed">Pages using infobox military person with embed</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 November 2024, at 16:31<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Slovik&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f7b5ccf54-4hr8c","wgBackendResponseTime":142,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.858","walltime":"1.158","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4982,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":79685,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":9308,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":22,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":9,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":87366,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1090.966 1 -total"," 32.20% 351.324 1 Template:Infobox_criminal"," 29.96% 326.871 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.35% 189.316 2 Template:Infobox"," 14.39% 157.041 1 Template:Infobox_military_person"," 12.11% 132.068 1 Template:Langx"," 11.64% 126.967 4 Template:Cite_news"," 11.01% 120.074 1 Template:Marriage"," 8.04% 87.766 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.71% 73.191 1 Template:Authority_control"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.595","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":23965953,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-bbsvm","timestamp":"20241125143748","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Eddie Slovik","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eddie_Slovik","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q503091","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q503091","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-07-16T14:29:15Z","dateModified":"2024-11-15T16:31:43Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/d\/d4\/Eddie_Slovik.jpg","headline":"United States Army soldier (1920-1945) executed for desertion during WW2"}</script> </body> </html>