CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Cincinnati - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"0dabf001-a6f3-46f0-9cdf-0c36365559bb","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Cincinnati","wgTitle":"Cincinnati","wgCurRevisionId":1259058640,"wgRevisionId":1259058640,"wgArticleId":18522615,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","Pages using the Phonos extension","Pages using the Graph extension","Pages with disabled graphs","Source attribution","CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","Webarchive template wayback links","All articles lacking reliable references","Articles lacking reliable references from July 2015","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia", "Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia without a Wikisource reference","Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from December 2023","Articles with permanently dead external links","All articles with dead YouTube links","Articles with dead YouTube links from February 2022","Articles with dead external links from November 2019","Use mdy dates from July 2023","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images","Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list","Coordinates on Wikidata","Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2024","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2023","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2015","All articles that may contain original research", "Articles that may contain original research from November 2014","Articles with unsourced statements from June 2024","Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from September 2020","All articles with failed verification","Articles with failed verification from January 2024","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021","All articles containing potentially dated statements","Articles containing potentially dated statements from September 2022","Use mdy dates from September 2023","Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata","Pages using Sister project links with default search","Pages using the Kartographer extension","Cincinnati","1788 establishments in the Northwest Territory","Cities in Hamilton County, Ohio","Cities in Ohio","Populated places established in 1788"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Cincinnati","wgRelevantArticleId":18522615,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Cincinnati,_Ohio","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":200000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Cincinnati","wgCoordinates":{"lat":39.1,"lon":-84.5125},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q43196","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands" ,"architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.kartographer.style":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements", "ext.kartographer.staticframe","ext.phonos.init","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.kartographer.style%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg/1200px-Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg/800px-Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg/640px-Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Cincinnati - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Cincinnati rootpage-Cincinnati skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Cincinnati" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Cincinnati" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Cincinnati" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Cincinnati" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_development_and_Gilded_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_development_and_Gilded_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Industrial development and Gilded Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_development_and_Gilded_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century_to_present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century_to_present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>21st century to present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century_to_present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nicknames" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nicknames"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Nicknames</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nicknames-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cityscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cityscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Cityscape</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cityscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neighborhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighborhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Neighborhoods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighborhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Arts and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Arts and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Society" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Society</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theater" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theater"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Theater</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theater-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film_and_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_and_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Film and literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_and_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cincinnati_chili" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cincinnati_chili"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6.1</span> <span>Cincinnati chili</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cincinnati_chili-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goetta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goetta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6.2</span> <span>Goetta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goetta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mock_turtle_soup" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mock_turtle_soup"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6.3</span> <span>Mock turtle soup</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mock_turtle_soup-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>Dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Parks and recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government and politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Police_and_fire_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Police_and_fire_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Police and fire services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Police_and_fire_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Race_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Race_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Race relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Race_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_and_secondary_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Primary and secondary education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Higher education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Libraries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Healthcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Newspapers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newspapers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Newspapers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newspapers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.4</span> <span>Online</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Public transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roadways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roadways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Roadways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roadways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Explanatory notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cincinnati</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 112 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-112" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">112 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinsign%C4%81tig" title="Sinsignātig – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sinsignātig" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A_(%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88)" title="سينسيناتي (أوهايو) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سينسيناتي (أوهايو)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinsinnati" title="Sinsinnati – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sinsinnati" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="سینسیناتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سینسیناتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF" title="সিনসিনাটি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিনসিনাটি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96" title="Цынцынаці – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цынцынаці" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96" title="Цынцынаці – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цынцынаці" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="सिनसिनाटी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सिनसिनाटी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Синсинати – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Синсинати" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati_(kapital_sa_kondado)" title="Cincinnati (kapital sa kondado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Cincinnati (kapital sa kondado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sh%C4%AF%C4%AFhkooh_Y%C3%ADl%C3%ADn%C3%AD" title="Áshįįhkooh Yílíní – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Áshįįhkooh Yílíní" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B9" title="Σινσινάτι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σινσινάτι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88" title="سینسیناتی، اوهایو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سینسیناتی، اوهایو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="سينسيناتي – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سينسيناتي" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%8B%9C%EB%82%B4%ED%8B%B0" title="신시내티 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="신시내티" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%91%D5%AB%D5%B6%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB" title="Ցինցինատի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ցինցինատի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati_(Ohio)" title="Cincinnati (Ohio) – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cincinnati (Ohio)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Цинциннати – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Цинциннати" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99" title="סינסינטי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סינסינטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ცინცინატი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცინცინატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_(%D0%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE)" title="Синсинатти (Огайо) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Синсинатти (Огайо)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_(%D0%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE)" title="Синсинатти (Огайо) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Синсинатти (Огайо)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinsinati" title="Sinsinati – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sinsinati" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinsinatis" title="Sinsinatis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sinsinatis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="സിൻസിനാറ്റി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിൻസിനാറ്റി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="सिनसिनाटी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिनसिनाटी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%89" title="سينسيناتى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سينسيناتى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Синсиннати – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Синсиннати" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%8A%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3" title="シンシナティ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シンシナティ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Цинциннати – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Цинциннати" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Цинциннати – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цинциннати" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Цинциннати – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Цинциннати" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati_(Ohio)" title="Cincinnati (Ohio) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Cincinnati (Ohio)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="سینسیناتی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سینسیناتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Синсинати – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Синсинати" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cincinnati, Ohio" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="சின்சினாட்டி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சின்சினாட்டி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Синсинәти – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Синсинәти" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4" title="ซินซินแนติ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซินซินแนติ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96" title="Цинциннаті – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цинциннаті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="سنسیناٹی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سنسیناٹی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati_(Ohio)" title="Cincinnati (Ohio) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Cincinnati (Ohio)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%BE%9B%E9%82%A3%E6%8F%90" title="辛辛那提 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="辛辛那提" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%BE%9B%E9%82%A3%E6%8F%90" title="辛辛那提 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="辛辛那提" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Cincinnati" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%BE%9B%E9%82%A3%E6%8F%90" title="辛辛那提 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="辛辛那提" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q43196#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Cincinnati" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Cincinnati" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Cincinnati" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&oldid=1259058640" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Cincinnati&id=1259058640&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCincinnati"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCincinnati"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Cincinnati&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Cincinnati" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Cincinnati" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q43196" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cincinnati&params=39_06_00_N_84_30_45_W_region:US-OH_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°06′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">84°30′45″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.10000°N 84.51250°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.10000; -84.51250</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati,_Ohio&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati, Ohio">Cincinnati, Ohio</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Ohio. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Cincinnati (disambiguation)">Cincinnati (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Ohio, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Cincinnati</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ohio" title="List of municipalities in Ohio">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:290px;max-width:290px"><div style="height:192px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Downtown Cincinnati skyline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg/288px-Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg/432px-Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg/576px-Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5568" data-file-height="3712" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Cincinnati" title="Downtown Cincinnati">Downtown Cincinnati</a> skyline</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div style="height:100px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roebling_Suspension_Bridge_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Roebling_Suspension_Bridge_at_night.jpg/150px-Roebling_Suspension_Bridge_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Roebling_Suspension_Bridge_at_night.jpg/225px-Roebling_Suspension_Bridge_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Roebling_Suspension_Bridge_at_night.jpg/300px-Roebling_Suspension_Bridge_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5568" data-file-height="3712" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/John_A._Roebling_Suspension_Bridge" title="John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge">Roebling Bridge</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:136px;max-width:136px"><div style="height:100px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_principal_facade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Cincinnati Union Terminal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_principal_facade.jpg/134px-Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_principal_facade.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_principal_facade.jpg/201px-Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_principal_facade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_principal_facade.jpg/268px-Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_principal_facade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Union Terminal</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div style="height:100px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Over-the-Rhine_near_Findlay_Market.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Over-the-Rhine near Findlay Market" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Over-the-Rhine_near_Findlay_Market.jpg/150px-Over-the-Rhine_near_Findlay_Market.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Over-the-Rhine_near_Findlay_Market.jpg/225px-Over-the-Rhine_near_Findlay_Market.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Over-the-Rhine_near_Findlay_Market.jpg/300px-Over-the-Rhine_near_Findlay_Market.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5306" data-file-height="3538" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Over-the-Rhine" title="Over-the-Rhine">Over-the-Rhine</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:136px;max-width:136px"><div style="height:100px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_American_Ball_Park_(15550307823).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Great American Ball Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Great_American_Ball_Park_%2815550307823%29.jpg/134px-Great_American_Ball_Park_%2815550307823%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Great_American_Ball_Park_%2815550307823%29.jpg/201px-Great_American_Ball_Park_%2815550307823%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Great_American_Ball_Park_%2815550307823%29.jpg/268px-Great_American_Ball_Park_%2815550307823%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ball_Park" title="Great American Ball Park">Great American Ball Park</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:188px;max-width:188px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Renovated_Cincinnati_Music_Hall_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Cincinnati Music Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Renovated_Cincinnati_Music_Hall_2.jpg/186px-Renovated_Cincinnati_Music_Hall_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="186" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Renovated_Cincinnati_Music_Hall_2.jpg/279px-Renovated_Cincinnati_Music_Hall_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Renovated_Cincinnati_Music_Hall_2.jpg/372px-Renovated_Cincinnati_Music_Hall_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4615" data-file-height="3057" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Music_Hall" title="Cincinnati Music Hall">Music Hall</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:100px;max-width:100px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Genius_of_Water_-_panoramio_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tyler Davidson Fountain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/The_Genius_of_Water_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/98px-The_Genius_of_Water_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/The_Genius_of_Water_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/147px-The_Genius_of_Water_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/The_Genius_of_Water_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/196px-The_Genius_of_Water_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2074" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Davidson_Fountain" title="Tyler Davidson Fountain">Tyler Davidson Fountain</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cincinnati,_Ohio.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Cincinnati"><img alt="Flag of Cincinnati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/100px-Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/150px-Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/200px-Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Cincinnati" title="Flag of Cincinnati">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Cincinnati,_Ohio.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Cincinnati"><img alt="Official seal of Cincinnati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/99px-Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="99" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/149px-Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/198px-Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="250" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Cincinnati" title="Seal of Cincinnati">Seal</a></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:City_of_Cincinnati_logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Cincinnati"><img alt="Official logo of Cincinnati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e1/City_of_Cincinnati_logo.png/100px-City_of_Cincinnati_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e1/City_of_Cincinnati_logo.png/150px-City_of_Cincinnati_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e1/City_of_Cincinnati_logo.png/200px-City_of_Cincinnati_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="70" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Logo</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">The Birthplace of Professional Baseball, The Queen of the West, Athens of the West,<sup id="cite_ref-Luten_1970_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luten_1970-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cincy, Little Paris,<sup id="cite_ref-Luten_1970_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luten_1970-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paris of America, Porkopolis, The Queen City, The Nati</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><span class="nowrap"><i>Juncta Juvant</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">"Strength in Unity"</span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 290px; height: 290px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="290" data-height="290" data-zoom="10" data-lat="39.125" data-lon="-84.5325" data-overlays="["_12b452a928b1cb3fc9e410f288eec5ff6583a27a"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/10/39.125/-84.5325/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,39.125,-84.5325,290x290.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Cincinnati&revid=1259058640&groups=_12b452a928b1cb3fc9e410f288eec5ff6583a27a" width="290" height="290" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,39.125,-84.5325,290x290@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Cincinnati&revid=1259058640&groups=_12b452a928b1cb3fc9e410f288eec5ff6583a27a 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Interactive map of Cincinnati</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Ohio_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cincinnati is located in Ohio"><img alt="Cincinnati is located in Ohio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/USA_Ohio_relief_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Ohio_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/USA_Ohio_relief_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Ohio_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/USA_Ohio_relief_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Ohio_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1010" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:79.07%;left:10.372%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cincinnati"><img alt="Cincinnati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Cincinnati</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Ohio</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Cincinnati is located in the United States"><img alt="Cincinnati is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/250px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/375px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:46.022%;left:69.19%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cincinnati"><img alt="Cincinnati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Cincinnati</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cincinnati is located in North America"><img alt="Cincinnati is located in North America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1185" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.708%;left:64.489%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cincinnati"><img alt="Cincinnati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Cincinnati</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of North America</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cincinnati&params=39_06_00_N_84_30_45_W_region:US-OH_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°06′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">84°30′45″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.10000°N 84.51250°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.10000; -84.51250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/25px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/38px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/50px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Ohio" title="List of counties in Ohio">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Hamilton County, Ohio">Hamilton</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">1788<span class="noprint">; 236 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1788</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Incorporated</a> (town)</th><td class="infobox-data">January 1, 1802<span class="noprint">; 222 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1802-01-01</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreve190427_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreve190427-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated (city)</th><td class="infobox-data">March 1, 1820<span class="noprint">; 204 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1820-03-01</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Cincinnati" title="Society of the Cincinnati">Society of the Cincinnati</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Quinctius_Cincinnatus" title="Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus">Cincinnatus</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor–council">Mayor–council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_City_Council" title="Cincinnati City Council">Cincinnati City Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Cincinnati" title="List of mayors of Cincinnati">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aftab_Pureval" title="Aftab Pureval">Aftab Pureval</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • City manager</th><td class="infobox-data">Sheryl Long</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-TigerWebMapServer_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TigerWebMapServer-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ohio" title="List of municipalities in Ohio">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">79.64 sq mi (206.26 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">77.91 sq mi (201.80 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">1.72 sq mi (4.46 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,808 sq mi (12,450 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-gnis_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">742 ft (226 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ohio" title="List of municipalities in Ohio">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">309,317</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Estimate <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2023)<sup id="cite_ref-2023_pop_est_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023_pop_est-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">311,097</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">64th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,969.98/sq mi (1,532.81/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,686,744 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">US: 33rd</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,242.2/sq mi (865.7/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,265,051 (US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Metropolitan_Statistical_Areas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas">30th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Cincinnatian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Cincinnati (MSA)</th><td class="infobox-data">$157.0 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Standard_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Standard Time Zone">EST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%924" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−4">UTC−4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Daylight Time">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ZIP_Code" title="ZIP Code">ZIP Codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>452XX, 45999<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;display:none"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">45201–45209, 45211–45227, 45229-45255, 45258, 45262–45264, 45267–45271, 45273–45275, 45277, 45280, 45296, 45298–45299, 45999</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_513_and_283" title="Area codes 513 and 283">513 and 283</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Information Processing Standard">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">39-15000<sup id="cite_ref-GR2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">1086201<sup id="cite_ref-gnis_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cincinnati-oh.gov">cincinnati-oh<wbr />.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Cincinnati</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span>  <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e3\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Cincinnati.wav\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Cincinnati.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Cincinnati.wav"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Cincinnati.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Cincinnati.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Flame,_not_lame-Cincinnati.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Cincinnati.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">SIN</span>-si-<span style="font-size:90%">NAT</span>-ee</i></a>; nicknamed <b>Cincy</b>) is a city in and the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Hamilton County, Ohio">Hamilton County, Ohio</a>, United States.<sup id="cite_ref-GR6_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Settled by Europeans in 1788, the city is located on the northern side of the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Licking_River_(Kentucky)" title="Licking River (Kentucky)">Licking</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio</a> rivers, the latter of which marks the state line with <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>. The population of Cincinnati was 309,317 in 2020, making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Ohio">third-most populous city</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> after <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_united_states_cities_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of united states cities by population">64th in the United States</a>. The city is the economic and cultural hub of the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Cincinnati metropolitan area</a>, Ohio's most populous metro area, and the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">nation's 30th-largest</a>, with over 2.265 million residents.<sup id="cite_ref-PopEstCBSA_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PopEstCBSA-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout much of the 19th century, Cincinnati was among the <a href="/wiki/Largest_cities_in_the_United_States_by_population_by_decade" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest cities in the United States by population by decade">top 10 U.S. cities by population</a>. The city developed as a <a href="/wiki/Port" title="Port">river town</a> for cargo shipping by <a href="/wiki/Steamboats" class="mw-redirect" title="Steamboats">steamboats</a>, located at the crossroads of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a> United States, with fewer immigrants and less influence from Europe than <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a> cities in the same period. However, it received a significant number of <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German-speaking immigrants</a>, who founded many of the city's cultural institutions. It later developed an <a href="/wiki/Industrialisation" title="Industrialisation">industrialized</a> economy in manufacturing. Many structures in the urban core have remained intact for 200 years; in the late 1800s, Cincinnati was commonly referred to as the "<a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> of America" due mainly to ambitious architectural projects such as the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Music_Hall" title="Cincinnati Music Hall">Music Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnatian_Hotel" title="Cincinnatian Hotel">Cincinnatian Hotel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_A._Roebling_Suspension_Bridge" title="John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge">Roebling Bridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cincinnati has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._metropolitan_areas_by_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP">twenty-eighth largest economy</a> in the United States and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._metropolitan_areas_by_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP">fifth largest in the Midwest</a>, home to several <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies including <a href="/wiki/Kroger" title="Kroger">Kroger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Third_Bank" title="Fifth Third Bank">Fifth Third Bank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cincinnati1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cincinnati1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is home to three professional sports teams: the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> of <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bengals" title="Cincinnati Bengals">Cincinnati Bengals</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>; and <a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati" title="FC Cincinnati">FC Cincinnati</a> of <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a>; it is also home to the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Cyclones" title="Cincinnati Cyclones">Cincinnati Cyclones</a>, a minor league ice hockey team. The city's largest institution of higher education, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a>, was founded in 1819 as a municipal college and is now ranked as one of the 50 largest in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals</a> is based in the city. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Cincinnati" title="History of Cincinnati">History of Cincinnati</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cincinnati" title="Timeline of Cincinnati">Timeline of Cincinnati</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two years after the founding of the settlement then known as "Losantiville", <a href="/wiki/Arthur_St._Clair" title="Arthur St. Clair">Arthur St. Clair</a>, the governor of the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territory" title="Northwest Territory">Northwest Territory</a>, changed its name to "Cincinnati", possibly at the suggestion of the surveyor <a href="/wiki/Israel_Ludlow" title="Israel Ludlow">Israel Ludlow</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in honor of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Cincinnati" title="Society of the Cincinnati">Society of the Cincinnati</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Suess_2013_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suess_2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St. Clair was at the time president of the Society, made up of <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a> officers of the Revolutionary War.<sup id="cite_ref-city-ws_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-city-ws-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The club was named for <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Quinctius_Cincinnatus" title="Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus">Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Roman_dictator" title="Roman dictator">dictator</a> in the early <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> who saved Rome from a crisis and then retired to farming because he did not want to remain in power, becoming a symbol of Roman <a href="/wiki/Civic_virtue" title="Civic virtue">civic virtue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Suess_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suess-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Cincinnati_I.jpg/220px-Cincinnati_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Cincinnati_I.jpg/330px-Cincinnati_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Cincinnati_I.jpg/440px-Cincinnati_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption>Cincinnati as depicted in 1812 with a population of 2,000<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Cincinnati began in 1788 when Mathias Denman, <a href="/wiki/Colonel_Robert_Patterson" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel Robert Patterson">Colonel Robert Patterson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Israel_Ludlow" title="Israel Ludlow">Israel Ludlow</a> landed at a spot at the northern bank of the Ohio opposite the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Licking_River_(Kentucky)" title="Licking River (Kentucky)">Licking</a> and decided to settle there. The original surveyor, <a href="/wiki/John_Filson" title="John Filson">John Filson</a>, named it "Losantiville", a combination of syllables drawn from French and Latin words, intended to mean "town opposite the mouth of the Licking".<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_Cincinnati_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_Cincinnati-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 4, 1790, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_St._Clair" title="Arthur St. Clair">St. Clair</a> changed the name of the settlement to honor the Society of the Cincinnati.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1811, the introduction of steamboats on the Ohio River opened up the city's trade to more rapid shipping, and the city established commercial ties with <a href="/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis, Missouri">St. Louis, Missouri</a>, and <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> downriver. Cincinnati was incorporated as a city on March 1, 1819.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreve1904507–508_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreve1904507–508-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Exporting pork products and hay, it became a center of pork processing in the region. From 1810 to 1830, the city's population nearly tripled, from 9,642 to 24,831.<sup id="cite_ref-The_United_States_Census_Bureau_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_United_States_Census_Bureau-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction on the <a href="/wiki/Miami_and_Erie_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami and Erie Canal">Miami and Erie Canal</a> began on July 21, 1825, when it was called the Miami Canal, related to its origin at the <a href="/wiki/Great_Miami_River" title="Great Miami River">Great Miami River</a>. The first section of the canal was opened for business in 1827. In 1827, the canal connected Cincinnati to nearby <a href="/wiki/Middletown,_Ohio" title="Middletown, Ohio">Middletown</a>; by 1840, it had reached <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Condit_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Condit-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 5–6">: 5–6 </span></sup> </p><p>Railroads were the next major form of commercial transportation to come to Cincinnati. In 1836, the <a href="/wiki/Little_Miami_Railroad" title="Little Miami Railroad">Little Miami Railroad</a> was chartered.<sup id="cite_ref-Vexler_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vexler-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 18">: 18 </span></sup> Construction began soon after, to connect Cincinnati with the Mad River and Lake Erie Railroad, and provide access to the ports of the <a href="/wiki/Sandusky_Bay" title="Sandusky Bay">Sandusky Bay</a> on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Condit_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Condit-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 7">: 7 </span></sup> </p><p>During the time, employers struggled to hire enough people to fill positions. The city had a labor shortage until large waves of immigration by Irish and Germans in the late 1840s. The city grew rapidly over the next two decades, reaching 115,000 people by 1850.<sup id="cite_ref-city-ws_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-city-ws-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this period of rapid expansion and prominence, residents of Cincinnati began referring to the city as the Queen City.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_development_and_Gilded_Age">Industrial development and Gilded Age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Industrial development and Gilded Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Cincinnati in the American Civil War">Cincinnati in the American Civil War</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati-in-1841.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Cincinnati-in-1841.jpg/220px-Cincinnati-in-1841.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Cincinnati-in-1841.jpg/330px-Cincinnati-in-1841.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Cincinnati-in-1841.jpg/440px-Cincinnati-in-1841.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3518" data-file-height="2023" /></a><figcaption>Cincinnati in 1841 with the <a href="/wiki/Miami_and_Erie_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami and Erie Canal">Miami and Erie Canal</a> in the foreground</figcaption></figure> <p>Cincinnati's location, on the border between the free state of Ohio and the slave state of <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, made it a prominent location for slaves to escape the <a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">slave-owning south.</a> Many prominent abolitionists also called Cincinnati their home during this period, and made it a popular stop on the <a href="/wiki/Underground_Railroad" title="Underground Railroad">Underground Railroad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, the <a href="/wiki/National_Underground_Railroad_Freedom_Center" title="National Underground Railroad Freedom Center">National Underground Railroad Freedom Center</a> was completed along Freedom Way in Downtown, honoring the city's involvement in the Underground Railroad.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1859, Cincinnati laid out six streetcar lines; the cars were <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">pulled by horses</a> and the lines made it easier for people to get around the city.<sup id="cite_ref-Vexler_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vexler-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 29">: 29 </span></sup> By 1872, Cincinnatians could travel on the streetcars within the city and transfer to rail cars for travel to the hill communities. The Cincinnati Inclined Plane Company began transporting people to the top of Mount Auburn that year.<sup id="cite_ref-Condit_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Condit-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 53, [page needed]">: 53, <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation only mentions the Inclined Railway, but not the transfer between streetcars and railcars. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </span></sup> In 1889, the <a href="/wiki/Streetcars_in_Cincinnati" title="Streetcars in Cincinnati">Cincinnati streetcar system</a> began converting its horse-drawn cars to <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">electric streetcars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Exhibit_commemorates_the_streetcar_era_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Exhibit_commemorates_the_streetcar_era-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Second_Annual_Meeting_of_the_National_Woman%27s_Christian_Temperance_Union" title="Second Annual Meeting of the National Woman's Christian Temperance Union">Second Annual Meeting</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_Christian_Temperance_Union" title="Woman's Christian Temperance Union">Woman's Christian Temperance Union</a> was held in Cincinnati in November 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-ABrief1907_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABrief1907-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1880, the city government completed the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati,_New_Orleans_and_Texas_Pacific_Railway" title="Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway">Cincinnati Southern Railway</a> to <a href="/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee" title="Chattanooga, Tennessee">Chattanooga, Tennessee</a>. It was the only municipally-owned interstate railway in the United States until its sale to <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway" title="Norfolk Southern Railway">Norfolk Southern</a> in March 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1884, outrage over a manslaughter verdict in what many observers thought was a clear case of murder triggered the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_1884" title="Cincinnati riots of 1884">Courthouse riots</a>, one of the most destructive riots in American history. Over the course of three days, 56 people were killed and over 300 were injured.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStradling200367_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStradling200367-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The riots ended the regime of Republican boss <a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Campbell" title="Thomas C. Campbell">Thomas C. Campbell</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Adams_Incline_c1905.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mount_Adams_Incline_c1905.jpg/220px-Mount_Adams_Incline_c1905.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mount_Adams_Incline_c1905.jpg/330px-Mount_Adams_Incline_c1905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mount_Adams_Incline_c1905.jpg/440px-Mount_Adams_Incline_c1905.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9414" data-file-height="7596" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mount_Adams_Incline" title="Mount Adams Incline">Mount Adams Incline</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1905</span></figcaption></figure> <p>At the beginning of the 20th century, Cincinnati had a population of 325,902. The city completed many ambitious projects in the 20th century starting with the <a href="/wiki/Ingalls_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingalls Building">Ingalls Building</a> which was completed in 1903. An early rejuvenation of downtown began into the 1920s and continued into the next decade with the construction of <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Cincinnati Union Terminal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Potter_Stewart_United_States_Courthouse" title="Potter Stewart United States Courthouse">United States Courthouse and Post Office</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Subway" title="Cincinnati Subway">Cincinnati Subway</a>, and the 49-<a href="/wiki/Storey" title="Storey">story</a> <a href="/wiki/Carew_Tower" title="Carew Tower">Carew Tower</a>, which was the city's tallest building upon its completion. Cincinnati weathered the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> better than most American cities of its size, largely due to a resurgence in river trade, which was less expensive than transporting goods by rail. The <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River_flood_of_1937" title="Ohio River flood of 1937">Ohio River flood of 1937</a> was one of the worst in the nation's history and destroyed many areas along the Ohio valley.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Afterward the city built protective <a href="/wiki/Flood_wall" title="Flood wall">flood walls</a>. After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Cincinnati unveiled a master plan for urban renewal that resulted in modernization of the inner city. During the 1950s, Cincinnati's population peaked at 509,998. Since the 1950s, $250 million has been spent on improving neighborhoods, building clean and safe low- and moderate-income housing, providing jobs and stimulating economic growth.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century_to_present">21st century to present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 21st century to present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the dawn of the 2000s, Cincinnati's population stood at 331,285. The construction of <a href="/wiki/Paycor_Stadium" title="Paycor Stadium">Paul Brown Stadium (currently known as Paycor Stadium)</a> in the year 2000 resulted from a sales tax increase in <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Hamilton County, Ohio">Hamilton County</a>, as did the commencement of construction for <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ball_Park" title="Great American Ball Park">Great American Ball Park</a>, which later opened its doors in 2003. </p><p>The city experienced the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_2001" title="Cincinnati riots of 2001">2001 Cincinnati riots</a>, causing an estimated $3.6 million in damage to businesses and $1.5–2 million in damage to the city itself. Subsequently, substantial transformations unfolded, particularly in the process of gentrification within the <a href="/wiki/Over-the-Rhine" title="Over-the-Rhine">Over-the-Rhine</a> neighborhood. </p><p>In 2018, <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">MLS</a> announced the inclusion of <a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati" title="FC Cincinnati">FC Cincinnati</a>, becoming the city's third professional sports team. <a href="/wiki/TQL_Stadium" title="TQL Stadium">TQL Stadium</a>, located on Cincinnati's west end, was subsequently constructed and opened its doors in 2021. Notably, the 2020 census revealed that Cincinnati had witnessed a population growth, marking the first such increase since the 1950 census. </p><p>On January 4, 2022, <a href="/wiki/Aftab_Pureval" title="Aftab Pureval">Aftab Pureval</a> assumed office as the 70th mayor of Cincinnati. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nicknames">Nicknames</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Nicknames"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cincinnati has many <a href="/wiki/Nickname" title="Nickname">nicknames</a>, including Cincy, The Queen City,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Queen of the West,<sup id="cite_ref-Museum_FAQ_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Museum_FAQ-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Blue Chip City,<sup id="cite_ref-Discount_Blue_Chip_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Discount_Blue_Chip-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CBC_Lawley_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBC_Lawley-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and The City of Seven Hills.<sup id="cite_ref-Enquirer_Ups_downs_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enquirer_Ups_downs-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These are more typically associated with professional, academic, and public relations references to the city, including restaurant names such as <a href="/wiki/Blue_Chip_Cookies" title="Blue Chip Cookies">Blue Chip Cookies</a>, and are not commonly used by locals in casual conversation, with the exception of Cincy, which is often used to refer to the city in absentia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>"The City of Seven Hills" stems from the June 1853 edition of the <i>West American Review</i>, "Article III—Cincinnati: Its Relations to the West and South", which described and named seven specific hills. The hills form a crescent around the city: <a href="/wiki/Mount_Adams,_Cincinnati" title="Mount Adams, Cincinnati">Mount Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walnut_Hills,_Cincinnati" title="Walnut Hills, Cincinnati">Walnut Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Auburn,_Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Auburn, Cincinnati, Ohio">Mount Auburn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vine_Street,_Cincinnati" title="Vine Street, Cincinnati">Vine Street Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/College_Hill,_Cincinnati" title="College Hill, Cincinnati">College Hill</a>, Fairmont (now rendered <a href="/wiki/South_Fairmount,_Cincinnati" title="South Fairmount, Cincinnati">Fairmount</a>), and Mount Harrison (now known as <a href="/wiki/Price_Hill,_Cincinnati" title="Price Hill, Cincinnati">Price Hill</a>). The name refers to ancient Rome, reputed to be built on seven hills.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>"Queen City" is taken from an 1819 newspaper article<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and further immortalized by the 1854 poem "Catawba Wine". In it, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">Henry Wadsworth Longfellow</a> wrote of the city: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>And this Song of the Vine,<br /> This greeting of mine,<br /> The winds and the birds shall deliver,<br /> To the Queen of the West,<br /> In her garlands dressed,<br /> On the banks of the Beautiful River.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <p>For many years, Cincinnati was also known as "Porkopolis"; this nickname came from the city's large pork interests.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Newer nicknames such as "The 'Nati" are emerging and are attempted to be used in different cultural contexts. For example, the local <a href="/wiki/Keep_America_Beautiful" title="Keep America Beautiful">Keep America Beautiful</a> affiliate, Keep Cincinnati Beautiful, introduced the <a href="/wiki/Catchphrase" title="Catchphrase">catchphrase</a> "Don't Trash the 'Nati" in 1998 as part of a <a href="/wiki/Litter" title="Litter">litter</a>-prevention campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is undergoing significant changes due to <a href="/wiki/The_cityscape_of_Cincinnati,_Ohio#New_development_projects" class="mw-redirect" title="The cityscape of Cincinnati, Ohio">new development</a> and private investment. This includes buildings of the long-stalled <a href="/wiki/The_Banks,_Cincinnati" title="The Banks, Cincinnati">Banks project</a> that includes apartments, retail, restaurants, and offices, which will stretch from <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ball_Park" title="Great American Ball Park">Great American Ball Park</a> to <a href="/wiki/Paycor_Stadium" title="Paycor Stadium">Paycor Stadium</a>. Phase 1A is already complete and 100 percent occupied as of early 2013. Smale Riverfront Park is being developed along with The Banks, and is Cincinnati's newest park. Nearly $3.5 billion have been invested in the urban core of Cincinnati (including Northern Kentucky). Much of this development has been undertaken by <a href="/wiki/3CDC" title="3CDC">3CDC</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bell_Connector" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Bell Connector">Cincinnati Bell Connector</a> began in September 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-WVXU-2016sep9_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WVXU-2016sep9-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cinc-enq-2016sep9_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cinc-enq-2016sep9-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cincinnati is midway by river between the cities of <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cairo,_Illinois" title="Cairo, Illinois">Cairo, Illinois</a>. The downtown lies near the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Licking_River_(Kentucky)" title="Licking River (Kentucky)">Licking</a>, a confluence where the first settlement occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Greater_Cincinnati" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Cincinnati">Metro Cincinnati</a> spans southern Ohio, southeastern Indiana, and northern Kentucky; the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">census bureau</a> has measured the city proper at 79.54 square miles (206.01 km<sup>2</sup>), of which 77.94 square miles (201.86 km<sup>2</sup>) are land and 1.60 square miles (4.14 km<sup>2</sup>) are water.<sup id="cite_ref-Gazetteer_files_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazetteer_files-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city spreads over a number of hills, bluffs, and low ridges overlooking the Ohio in the <a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_region" title="Bluegrass region">Bluegrass region</a> of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tristate is geographically located within the <a href="/wiki/Midwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a> at the far northern extremity of the <a href="/wiki/Upland_South" title="Upland South">Upland South</a>. </p><p>Three municipalities are enveloped by the city: <a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Ohio" title="Norwood, Ohio">Norwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elmwood_Place,_Ohio" title="Elmwood Place, Ohio">Elmwood Place</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Bernard,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Bernard, Ohio">Saint Bernard</a>. Norwood is a business and industrial city, while Elmwood Place and Saint Bernard are small, primarily residential, villages. Cincinnati does not have an exclave, but the city government does own several properties outside the corporation limits: <a href="/wiki/French_Park_(Amberley,_Ohio)" title="French Park (Amberley, Ohio)">French Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Amberley,_Ohio" title="Amberley, Ohio">Amberley Village</a> and the disused runway at the former <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati%E2%80%93Blue_Ash_Airport" title="Cincinnati–Blue Ash Airport">Blue Ash Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Blue_Ash,_Ohio" title="Blue Ash, Ohio">Blue Ash</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cityscape">Cityscape</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cityscape"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cityscape_of_Cincinnati" title="Cityscape of Cincinnati">Cityscape of Cincinnati</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Cincinnati" title="List of tallest buildings in Cincinnati">List of tallest buildings in Cincinnati</a></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1269px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Cincinnati,_Ohio,_USA_Panorama_Taken_from_Covington_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama of Downtown Cincinnati along the Ohio River shoreline, viewed from Covington, Kentucky"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Downtown_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio%2C_USA_Panorama_Taken_from_Covington_%28cropped%29.jpg/1261px-Downtown_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio%2C_USA_Panorama_Taken_from_Covington_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="1261" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Downtown_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio%2C_USA_Panorama_Taken_from_Covington_%28cropped%29.jpg/1892px-Downtown_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio%2C_USA_Panorama_Taken_from_Covington_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Downtown_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio%2C_USA_Panorama_Taken_from_Covington_%28cropped%29.jpg/2522px-Downtown_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio%2C_USA_Panorama_Taken_from_Covington_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="14505" data-file-height="2301" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Cincinnati,_Ohio,_USA_Panorama_Taken_from_Covington_(cropped).jpg" title="File:Downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Panorama Taken from Covington (cropped).jpg"> </a></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Panorama of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Cincinnati" title="Downtown Cincinnati">Downtown Cincinnati</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> shoreline, viewed from <a href="/wiki/Covington,_Kentucky" title="Covington, Kentucky">Covington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roebling_Bridge_from_Riverfront_Commons,_Covington,_KY_-_51386389937.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Roebling_Bridge_from_Riverfront_Commons%2C_Covington%2C_KY_-_51386389937.jpg/220px-Roebling_Bridge_from_Riverfront_Commons%2C_Covington%2C_KY_-_51386389937.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Roebling_Bridge_from_Riverfront_Commons%2C_Covington%2C_KY_-_51386389937.jpg/330px-Roebling_Bridge_from_Riverfront_Commons%2C_Covington%2C_KY_-_51386389937.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Roebling_Bridge_from_Riverfront_Commons%2C_Covington%2C_KY_-_51386389937.jpg/440px-Roebling_Bridge_from_Riverfront_Commons%2C_Covington%2C_KY_-_51386389937.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3633" data-file-height="2725" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/John_A._Roebling_Suspension_Bridge" title="John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge">John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge</a> spans the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> between Cincinnati and <a href="/wiki/Covington,_Kentucky" title="Covington, Kentucky">Covington</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cincinnati has many <a href="/wiki/Landmark" title="Landmark">landmarks</a> across its area. Some of these landmarks are recognized nationwide, others are more recognized among locals. These landmarks include: <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Union Terminal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carew_Tower" title="Carew Tower">Carew Tower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Tower_at_Queen_City_Square" title="Great American Tower at Queen City Square">Great American Tower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fountain_Square,_Cincinnati" title="Fountain Square, Cincinnati">Fountain Square</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_Park_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="Washington Park (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Washington Park</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ball_Park" title="Great American Ball Park">Great American Ballpark</a>. </p><p>Cincinnati is home to numerous structures that are noteworthy due to their architectural characteristics or historic associations, including the aforementioned <a href="/wiki/Carew_Tower" title="Carew Tower">Carew Tower</a>, the Scripps Center, the <a href="/wiki/Ingalls_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingalls Building">Ingalls Building</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Cincinnati Union Terminal</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Isaac_M._Wise_Temple" title="Isaac M. Wise Temple">Isaac M. Wise Temple</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Insurance_Building_at_Queen_City_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Great American Insurance Building at Queen City Square">Queen City Square</a> opened in January 2011. The building is the tallest in Cincinnati and the third tallest in Ohio, reaching a height of 665 feet (203 m).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since April 1, 1922, the Ohio <a href="/wiki/Flood_stage" title="Flood stage">flood stage</a> at Cincinnati has officially been set at 52 feet (16 m), as measured from the <a href="/wiki/John_A._Roebling_Suspension_Bridge" title="John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge">John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge</a>. At this depth, the <a href="/wiki/Pumping_station" title="Pumping station">pumping station</a> at the mouth of Mill Creek is activated.<sup id="cite_ref-Post_Van_Sant_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Post_Van_Sant-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Banks_history_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banks_history-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1873 to 1898, the flood stage was 45 feet (14 m). From 1899 to March 31, 1922, it was 50 feet (15 m).<sup id="cite_ref-Banks_history_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banks_history-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ohio reached its lowest level, less than 2 feet (0.61 m), in 1881; conversely, its all-time <a href="/wiki/High_water_mark" title="High water mark">high water mark</a> is <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>79 feet <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> inches (24.381 m), having crested January 26, 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-Post_Van_Sant_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Post_Van_Sant-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Singer_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singer-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various parts of Cincinnati flood at different points: <a href="/wiki/Riverbend_Music_Center" title="Riverbend Music Center">Riverbend Music Center</a> in the California neighborhood floods at 42 feet (13 m), while Sayler Park floods at 71 feet (22 m) and the Freeman Avenue flood gate closes at 75 feet (23 m).<sup id="cite_ref-Post_Van_Sant_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Post_Van_Sant-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frequent flooding has hampered the growth of Cincinnati's municipal airport at <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Municipal_Lunken_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Municipal Lunken Airport">Lunken Field</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Coney_Island_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="Coney Island (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Coney Island</a> amusement park.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Downtown Cincinnati is protected from flooding by the Serpentine Wall at <a href="/wiki/Sawyer_Point_Park_%26_Yeatman%27s_Cove" title="Sawyer Point Park & Yeatman's Cove">Yeatman's Cove</a> and another flood wall built into <a href="/wiki/Fort_Washington_Way" title="Fort Washington Way">Fort Washington Way</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Enquirer_Pilcher_expands_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enquirer_Pilcher_expands-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parts of Cincinnati also experience flooding from the <a href="/wiki/Little_Miami_River" title="Little Miami River">Little Miami River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mill_Creek_(Ohio)" title="Mill Creek (Ohio)">Mill Creek</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Neighborhoods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Cincinnati_neighborhoods" title="List of Cincinnati neighborhoods">List of Cincinnati neighborhoods</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:All-Neighborhoods-Cincinnati.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/All-Neighborhoods-Cincinnati.jpg/220px-All-Neighborhoods-Cincinnati.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/All-Neighborhoods-Cincinnati.jpg/330px-All-Neighborhoods-Cincinnati.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/All-Neighborhoods-Cincinnati.jpg/440px-All-Neighborhoods-Cincinnati.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1332" data-file-height="844" /></a><figcaption>Neighborhoods of Cincinnati</figcaption></figure> <p>Cincinnati consists of fifty-two neighborhoods. Many of these neighborhoods were once villages that have been annexed by the city, with many retaining their former names, such as <a href="/wiki/Walnut_Hills,_Cincinnati" title="Walnut Hills, Cincinnati">Walnut Hills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Auburn_Historic_District" title="Mount Auburn Historic District">Mount Auburn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Westwood,_Cincinnati" title="Westwood, Cincinnati">Westwood</a> is the city's most populous neighborhood, with other significant neighborhoods including <a href="/wiki/CUF,_Cincinnati" title="CUF, Cincinnati">CUF</a> (home to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Price_Hill,_Cincinnati" title="Price Hill, Cincinnati">Price Hill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Cincinnati" title="Downtown Cincinnati">Downtown Cincinnati</a> is the city's <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">central business district</a> and contains a number of neighborhoods in the flat land between the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> and uptown. These neighborhoods include <a href="/wiki/Over-the-Rhine" title="Over-the-Rhine">Over-the-Rhine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pendleton,_Cincinnati" title="Pendleton, Cincinnati">Pendleton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queensgate,_Cincinnati" title="Queensgate, Cincinnati">Queensgate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Cincinnati" title="West End, Cincinnati">West End</a>. Over-the-Rhine is among the largest, most intact urban <a href="/wiki/Historic_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Historic districts in the United States">historic districts</a> in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-guide_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guide-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of Over-the-Rhine's ornate brick buildings were built by German immigrants from 1865 to the 1880s.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The neighborhood has been intensely redeveloped in the 21st century, with a focus on fostering small businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-politico1606_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico1606-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: left; clear: left; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th>Cincinnati, Ohio </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: left; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.6764em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:7.0066666666667em;height:1.8333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.84em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">40</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.5066666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">23</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.61036em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:7.3066666666667em;height:1.9888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.2955555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">44</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.8066666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">26</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.11328em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.1955555555556em;height:2.1888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.384444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.6955555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">34</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.30124em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.2955555555556em;height:2.4222222222222em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.717777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.7955555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">44</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.37236em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.406666666667em;height:2.3111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.717777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">75</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9066666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.413em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.8</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.34em;height:2.2777777777778em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.617777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">83</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.84em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">62</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.94564em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.8</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.762222222222em;height:2.2333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.995555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">86</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.262222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.74244em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.617777777778em;height:2.2888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.906666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">85</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.117777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">65</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.57988em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.806666666667em;height:2.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.206666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">79</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3066666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">57</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7018em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.5177777777778em;height:2.3333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.851111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">67</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.0177777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">46</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.64084em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.34em;height:2.0777777777778em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.417777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.84em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">35</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.89484em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:7.54em;height:1.7111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.2511111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">43</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.04em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">28</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: left; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Metric conversion</th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.6764em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">84</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:7.0066666666667em;height:1.8333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.84em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">4</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.5066666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−5</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.61036em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">81</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:7.3066666666667em;height:1.9888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.2955555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">7</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.8066666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−3</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.11328em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">106</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.1955555555556em;height:2.1888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.384444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.6955555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">1</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.30124em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">115</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.2955555555556em;height:2.4222222222222em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.717777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">19</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.7955555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">7</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.37236em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">119</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.406666666667em;height:2.3111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.717777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">24</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9066666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.413em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">121</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.34em;height:2.2777777777778em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.617777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">28</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.84em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">17</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.94564em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">97</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.762222222222em;height:2.2333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.995555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">30</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.262222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">19</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.74244em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">87</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.617777777778em;height:2.2888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.906666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">30</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.117777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">18</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.57988em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">79</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.806666666667em;height:2.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.206666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">26</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3066666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">14</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7018em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">85</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.5177777777778em;height:2.3333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.851111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">19</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.0177777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">8</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.64084em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">82</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.34em;height:2.0777777777778em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.417777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.84em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.89484em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">95</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:7.54em;height:1.7111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.2511111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">6</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.04em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−2</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:312px;max-width:312px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:145px;max-width:145px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:107px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piatt_Park_in_Winter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Piatt_Park_in_Winter.jpg/143px-Piatt_Park_in_Winter.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Piatt_Park_in_Winter.jpg/215px-Piatt_Park_in_Winter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Piatt_Park_in_Winter.jpg/286px-Piatt_Park_in_Winter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="906" data-file-height="676" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:163px;max-width:163px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:107px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piatt_Park_in_Summer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Piatt_Park_in_Summer.jpg/161px-Piatt_Park_in_Summer.jpg" decoding="async" width="161" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Piatt_Park_in_Summer.jpg/242px-Piatt_Park_in_Summer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Piatt_Park_in_Summer.jpg/322px-Piatt_Park_in_Summer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5568" data-file-height="3712" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Piatt_Park" title="Piatt Park">Piatt Park</a> in winter and summer foliage</div></div></div></div> <p>Cincinnati is at the southern limit (considering the 0 °C or 32 °F <a href="/wiki/Contour_line#Temperature_and_related_subjects" title="Contour line">isotherm</a>) of the <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> zone (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Dfa</i>), bordering the <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> zone (<i>Cfa</i>). </p><p>Summers are hot and humid, with significant rainfall in each month and highs reaching 90 °F (32 °C) or above on 21 days per year, often with high dew points and humidity. July is the warmest month, with a daily average temperature of 75.9 °F (24.4 °C).<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_txt_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_txt-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Winters tend to be cold and moderately snowy, with January, the coldest month, averaging at 30.8 °F (−0.7 °C).<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_txt_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_txt-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lows reach 0 °F (−18 °C) on an average 2.6 nights yearly.<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_txt_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_txt-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An average winter will see around 22.1 inches (56 cm) of snowfall, contributing to the yearly 42.5 inches (1,080 mm) of precipitation, with rainfall peaking in spring.<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Extremes range from −25 °F (−32 °C) on January 18, 1977, up to 108 °F (42 °C) on July 21 and 22, 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-NWS_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWS-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While snow in Cincinnati is not as intense as many of the cities located closer to the Great Lakes, there have been notable cases of severe snowfall, including the <a href="/wiki/Great_Blizzard_of_1978" title="Great Blizzard of 1978">Great Blizzard of 1978</a>, and more notable snowstorms in 1994, <a href="/wiki/North_American_blizzard_of_1999" title="North American blizzard of 1999">1999</a>, <a href="/wiki/February_2007_North_American_blizzard" title="February 2007 North American blizzard">2007</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Winter_Storm_Uri" class="mw-redirect" title="Winter Storm Uri">2021</a>. </p><p>Severe <a href="/wiki/Thunderstorms" class="mw-redirect" title="Thunderstorms">thunderstorms</a> are common in the warmer months, and <a href="/wiki/Tornadoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tornadoes">tornadoes</a>, while infrequent, are not unknown, with such events striking the Metro Cincinnati area most recently in 1974, 1999, 2012, and 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Cincinnati (<a href="/wiki/Cincinnati/Northern_Kentucky_International_Airport" title="Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport">Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Int'l</a>), 1991–2020 normals,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> extremes 1871–present<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77<br />(25) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79<br />(26) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88<br />(31) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95<br />(35) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">102<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">108<br />(42) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">102<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95<br />(35) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82<br />(28) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75<br />(24) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">108<br />(42) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.8<br />(16.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.1<br />(18.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.3<br />(23.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.1<br />(27.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.7<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91.6<br />(33.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.6<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.2<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.7<br />(32.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.9<br />(28.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.0<br />(22.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.8<br />(17.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">95.3<br />(35.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(4.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.7<br />(6.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.5<br />(11.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.5<br />(18.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.5<br />(23.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.6<br />(28.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.0<br />(30.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.2<br />(29.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.9<br />(26.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.7<br />(19.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.8<br />(12.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.3<br />(6.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">64.4<br />(18.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(−0.3) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.7<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.6<br />(6.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.6<br />(12.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.1<br />(17.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.3<br />(22.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.9<br />(24.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.9<br />(23.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.1<br />(20.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.2<br />(13.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.4<br />(6.9) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(2.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">54.7<br />(12.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(−4.9) </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(−3.4) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.8<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.7<br />(6.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.7<br />(12.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.1<br />(16.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.9<br />(18.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.6<br />(18.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.3<br />(14.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.7<br />(7.6) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.1<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(−2.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44.9<br />(7.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(−17.7) </td> <td style="background: #9A9AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(−14.2) </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(−9.6) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(−2.9) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.6<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.2<br />(9.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.9<br />(13.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.6<br />(12.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.5<br />(5.8) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.8<br />(−1.2) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(−7.2) </td> <td style="background: #A2A2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(−12.7) </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−2.7<br />(−19.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #3A3AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−25<br />(−32) </td> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−17<br />(−27) </td> <td style="background: #6565FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−11<br />(−24) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15<br />(−9) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27<br />(−3) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39<br />(4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47<br />(8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43<br />(6) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31<br />(−1) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16<br />(−9) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(−18) </td> <td style="background: #4A4AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−20<br />(−29) </td> <td style="background: #3A3AFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−25<br />(−32) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #81FF81; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.30<br />(84) </td> <td style="background: #7AFF7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.17<br />(81) </td> <td style="background: #61FF61; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.16<br />(106) </td> <td style="background: #4DFF4D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.53<br />(115) </td> <td style="background: #4DFF4D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.67<br />(119) </td> <td style="background: #44FF44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.75<br />(121) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.83<br />(97) </td> <td style="background: #7DFF7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.43<br />(87) </td> <td style="background: #85FF85; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.11<br />(79) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.35<br />(85) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.23<br />(82) </td> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.73<br />(95) </td> <td style="background: #6DFF6D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">45.26<br />(1,150) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(20) </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">6.7<br />(17) </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(8.6) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(0.51) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(2.0) </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">4.1<br />(10) </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.3<br />(59) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(8.9) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(8.6) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(5.1) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(0.51) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.25) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(5.1) </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.0<br />(15) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.01 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.2 </td> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.0 </td> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #5757FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.1 </td> <td style="background: #5858FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.5 </td> <td style="background: #6868FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 </td> <td style="background: #9191FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #9595FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 </td> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4 </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">135.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #ACACFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 </td> <td style="background: #AFAFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9 </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000E9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000F1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.0 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000FE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.9 </td> <td style="background: #0000F5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000E9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000E7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000F5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000E3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9<br />(−6.7) </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(−5.3) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3<br />(−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(4.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7AF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.5<br />(10.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.7<br />(15.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.2<br />(17.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0<br />(17.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.7<br />(13.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.7<br />(6.5) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.7<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(−3.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.6<br />(5.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #B6B65D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">120.8 </td> <td style="background: #BFBF26; color:#000000;" class="notheme">128.4 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">170.1 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">211.0 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">249.9 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">275.5 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">277.0 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">261.5 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">234.4 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">188.8 </td> <td style="background: #B7B758; color:#000000;" class="notheme">118.7 </td> <td style="background: #ACAC98; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.3 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,335.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40 </td> <td style="background: #F3F316; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43 </td> <td style="background: #F8F822; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF63; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF63; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF47; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #ECEC06; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">52 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">NOAA</a> (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_txt_69-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_txt-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NWS_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWS-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-noaasun_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaasun-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV)<sup id="cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather_Atlas-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940" class="extiw" title="phab:T334940">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Graph/Plans" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Graph/Plans">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small>See or edit <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/data:ncei.noaa.gov/weather/Cincinnati.tab" class="extiw" title="commons:data:ncei.noaa.gov/weather/Cincinnati.tab">raw graph data</a>.</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cincinnati" title="Demographics of Cincinnati">Demographics of Cincinnati</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940" class="extiw" title="phab:T334940">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Graph/Plans" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Graph/Plans">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1800</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">850</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1810</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,540</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+198.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1820</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">9,642</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+279.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1830</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">24,831</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+157.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1840</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">46,338</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+86.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1850</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">115,435</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+149.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1860</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">161,044</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+39.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1870</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">216,239</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+34.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1880</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">255,139</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1890</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">296,908</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+16.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">325,902</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">363,591</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1920</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">401,247</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1930</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">451,160</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1940</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">455,610</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+1.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">503,998</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">502,550</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">452,525</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−10.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">385,460</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−14.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1990</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">364,040</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−5.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">331,285</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−9.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">296,943</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−10.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2020</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">309,317</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2023</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">311,097</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.6%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: U.S. decennial census<sup id="cite_ref-DecennialCensus_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DecennialCensus-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />1810–1970<sup id="cite_ref-The_United_States_Census_Bureau_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_United_States_Census_Bureau-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1980–2000<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />2010–2020<sup id="cite_ref-2023_pop_est_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023_pop_est-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2023 (est)<sup id="cite_ref-2023_pop_est_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023_pop_est-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Demographic profile </th> <th>2020<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>2010<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2000<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>1990<sup id="cite_ref-pop_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>1970<sup id="cite_ref-pop_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>1950<sup id="cite_ref-pop_83-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</a> </td> <td>50.3%</td> <td>48.2% </td> <td>53.0%</td> <td>60.5%</td> <td>71.9%</td> <td>84.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td> —<a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic</a> </td> <td>48.2%</td> <td>48.1% </td> <td>51.7%</td> <td>60.2%</td> <td>71.4%<sup id="cite_ref-fifteen_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fifteen-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">Black or African American</a> </td> <td>41.4% </td> <td>44.8% </td> <td>42.9%</td> <td>37.9%</td> <td>27.6%</td> <td>15.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> (of any race) </td> <td>4.2%</td> <td>2.8% </td> <td>1.3%</td> <td>0.7%</td> <td>0.6%</td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</a> </td> <td>2.2%</td> <td>1.8% </td> <td>1.5%</td> <td>1.1%</td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Cincinnati_(5560448832).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Cincinnati_%285560448832%29.png/220px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Cincinnati_%285560448832%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Cincinnati_%285560448832%29.png/330px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Cincinnati_%285560448832%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Cincinnati_%285560448832%29.png/440px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Cincinnati_%285560448832%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3009" data-file-height="3009" /></a><figcaption>Map of racial distribution in Cincinnati, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#ff0000;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> White</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#0000ff;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> Black</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#00ffaa;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> Asian</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#ffa600;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> Hispanic</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#ffff07;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> Other</span></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1950, Cincinnati reached its peak population of 503,998; thereafter, it lost population in every census count from 1960 to 2010. In the late 20th century, industrial restructuring caused a loss of jobs. More recently, the population has begun recovering: the 2020 census reports a population of 309,317, representing a 4.2% increase from 296,943 in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This marked the first increase in population recorded since the 1950 Census, reversing a 60-year trend of population decline. </p><p>At the 2020 census,<sup id="cite_ref-wwwcensusgov_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwwcensusgov-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> there were 309,317 people, 138,696 households, and 62,319 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,809.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,471.0/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 161,095 housing units at an average density of 2,066.9 per square mile (798.0/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the city was 50.3% <a href="/wiki/White_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White (U.S. Census)">White</a>, 41.4% <a href="/wiki/African_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="African American (U.S. Census)">African American</a>, 0.1% <a href="/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. Census)">Native American</a>, 2.2% <a href="/wiki/Asian_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian (U.S. Census)">Asian</a>, 0.1% <a href="/wiki/Race_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (U.S. Census)">Pacific Islander</a>, 1.2% from <a href="/wiki/Race_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (U.S. Census)">other races</a>, and 4.6% from two or more races. <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino (U.S. Census)">Latino</a> of any race were 4.2% of the population. </p><p>There were 138,696 households, of which 25.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 23.2% were married couples living together, 19.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 53.3% were non-families. 43.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 3.00. </p><p>The median age in the city was 32.5 years. 21.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 14.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.4% were from 25 to 44; 24.1% were from 45 to 64; and 10.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Population_Estimates_Program" title="Population Estimates Program">census estimates</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Cincinnati metropolitan area</a> had a population of 2,265,051, making it the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">30th-largest metropolitan statistical area</a> in the country. It includes the <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> counties of <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Hamilton County, Ohio">Hamilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butler_County,_Ohio" title="Butler County, Ohio">Butler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warren_County,_Ohio" title="Warren County, Ohio">Warren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clermont_County,_Ohio" title="Clermont County, Ohio">Clermont</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clinton_County,_Ohio" title="Clinton County, Ohio">Clinton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brown_County,_Ohio" title="Brown County, Ohio">Brown</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> counties of <a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Kentucky" title="Boone County, Kentucky">Boone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bracken_County,_Kentucky" title="Bracken County, Kentucky">Bracken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Campbell_County,_Kentucky" title="Campbell County, Kentucky">Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gallatin_County,_Kentucky" title="Gallatin County, Kentucky">Gallatin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grant_County,_Kentucky" title="Grant County, Kentucky">Grant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenton_County,_Kentucky" title="Kenton County, Kentucky">Kenton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pendleton_County,_Kentucky" title="Pendleton County, Kentucky">Pendleton</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> counties of <a href="/wiki/Dearborn_County,_Indiana" title="Dearborn County, Indiana">Dearborn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Indiana" title="Franklin County, Indiana">Franklin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Union_County,_Indiana" title="Union County, Indiana">Union</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ohio_County,_Indiana" title="Ohio County, Indiana">Ohio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_Greater_Cincinnati" title="List of companies in Greater Cincinnati">List of companies in Greater Cincinnati</a></div> <p>Metropolitan Cincinnati has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._metropolitan_areas_by_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP">twenty-eighth largest economy</a> in the United States and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._metropolitan_areas_by_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP">fifth largest in the Midwest</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93St._Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis–St. Paul">Minneapolis–St. Paul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, and <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>. In 2016, it had the fastest-growing Midwestern economic capital.<sup id="cite_ref-cincinnati1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cincinnati1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gross domestic product for the region was $127 billion (~$160 billion in 2023) in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The median home price is $158,200, and the <a href="/wiki/Cost_of_living" title="Cost of living">cost of living</a> in Cincinnati is 8% below the national average. As of September 2022, the unemployment rate is 3.3%, below the national average.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several Fortune 500 companies are headquartered in Cincinnati, such as <a href="/wiki/Kroger" title="Kroger">Kroger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_%26_Southern_Financial_Group" title="Western & Southern Financial Group">Western & Southern Financial Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Third_Bank" title="Fifth Third Bank">Fifth Third Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Financial_Group" title="American Financial Group">American Financial Group</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cintas" title="Cintas">Cintas</a>. <a href="/wiki/General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric</a> has headquartered their Global Operations Center in Cincinnati; <a href="/wiki/GE_Aerospace" title="GE Aerospace">GE Aerospace</a> is based in <a href="/wiki/Evendale,_Ohio" title="Evendale, Ohio">Evendale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Kroger Company employs over 20,000 people locally, making it the largest employer in the city; the other four largest employers are <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Children%27s_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Children's Hospital">Cincinnati Children's Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/TriHealth" title="TriHealth">TriHealth</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a>, and <a href="/wiki/St._Elizabeth_Healthcare_(Kentucky)" title="St. Elizabeth Healthcare (Kentucky)">St. Elizabeth Healthcare</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cincinnati is home to a <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Cleveland_Cincinnati_Branch" title="Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland Cincinnati Branch">branch office</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Cleveland" title="Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland">Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Arts and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Cincinnati" title="Culture of Cincinnati">Culture of Cincinnati</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Society">Society</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carew_Tower,_Cincinnati,_Ohio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Carew_Tower%2C_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.jpg/220px-Carew_Tower%2C_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Carew_Tower%2C_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.jpg/330px-Carew_Tower%2C_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Carew_Tower%2C_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.jpg/440px-Carew_Tower%2C_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1424" data-file-height="2144" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Carew_Tower" title="Carew Tower">Carew Tower</a>, the city's second-tallest building, and <i><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Davidson_Fountain" title="Tyler Davidson Fountain">The Genius of Water</a></i>, a symbol of Cincinnati</figcaption></figure> <p>Cincinnati was platted and proliferated by <a href="/wiki/American_ancestry" title="American ancestry">American settlers</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Scotch-Irish_Americans" title="Scotch-Irish Americans">Scotch Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">frontiersmen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Keelboat" title="Keelboat">keelboaters</a>. For over a century and a half, Cincinnati went unchallenged as the most prominent of Ohio's cities, a role that earned it the nickname of "chief city of Ohio" in the 1879 <i><a href="/wiki/New_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia" title="New American Cyclopædia">New American Cyclopædia</a></i>. In addition to this book, countless other books have documented the social history of both the city and its frontier people.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city fathers, of <a href="/wiki/Old_Stock_Americans" title="Old Stock Americans">Anglo-American</a> families of prominence, were <a href="/wiki/Episcopalian" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopalian">Episcopalian</a>. Inspired by its earlier horseback <a href="/wiki/Circuit_rider_(religious)" title="Circuit rider (religious)">circuit preachers</a>, early <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodism</a> was also important. The first established <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist class</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territory" title="Northwest Territory">Northwest Territory</a> came 1797 to nearby <a href="/wiki/Milford,_Ohio" title="Milford, Ohio">Milford</a>. By 1879, there were 162 documented church edifices in the city. For this reason, from the beginning, <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">Protestantism</a> has played a formative role in the Cincinnati ethos. <a href="/wiki/Christ_Church_Cathedral_(Cincinnati)" title="Christ Church Cathedral (Cincinnati)">Christ Church Cathedral</a> continues the legacy of the early Anglican leaders of Cincinnati, noted by historical associations as being a keystone of civic history; and among Methodist institutions were <a href="/wiki/The_Christ_Hospital" title="The Christ Hospital">The Christ Hospital</a> as well as projects of the <a href="/wiki/Nast_Trinity_United_Methodist_Church" title="Nast Trinity United Methodist Church">German Methodist Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of Cincinnati's biggest proponents of Methodism was the Irish immigrant <a href="/wiki/James_Gamble_(industrialist)" title="James Gamble (industrialist)">James Gamble</a>, who together with <a href="/wiki/William_Procter_(industrialist)" title="William Procter (industrialist)">William Procter</a> founded <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a>; in addition to being a devout Methodist, Gamble and his estate donated money to construct Methodist churches throughout Greater Cincinnati.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Belle_of_Louisville_docks_next_to_the_Natchez_in_Cincinnati_for_Tall_Stacks_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Belle_of_Louisville_docks_next_to_the_Natchez_in_Cincinnati_for_Tall_Stacks_2006.jpg/220px-The_Belle_of_Louisville_docks_next_to_the_Natchez_in_Cincinnati_for_Tall_Stacks_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Belle_of_Louisville_docks_next_to_the_Natchez_in_Cincinnati_for_Tall_Stacks_2006.jpg/330px-The_Belle_of_Louisville_docks_next_to_the_Natchez_in_Cincinnati_for_Tall_Stacks_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Belle_of_Louisville_docks_next_to_the_Natchez_in_Cincinnati_for_Tall_Stacks_2006.jpg/440px-The_Belle_of_Louisville_docks_next_to_the_Natchez_in_Cincinnati_for_Tall_Stacks_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="586" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tall_Stacks" title="Tall Stacks">Tall Stacks</a>, held every three or four years between 1988 and 2006, celebrated the city's <a href="/wiki/Riverboat" title="Riverboat">riverboat</a> heritage.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cincinnati, being a rivertown crossroads, depended on trade with the <a href="/wiki/Slave_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave states">slave states</a> south of the Ohio River at a time when thousands of black people were settling in the free state of Ohio. Most of them came after the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> and were from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> with many of them fugitives who had sought freedom and work in the North. In the antebellum years, the majority of native-born whites in the city came from northern states, primarily <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though 57 percent of whites migrated from free states, 26 percent were from southern states and they retained their cultural support for slavery. This quickly led to tensions between pro-slavery residents and <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism" title="Abolitionism">abolitionists</a> who sought lifting restrictions on free black people, as codified in the "Black Code" of 1804.<sup id="cite_ref-Aaron1992_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aaron1992-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the pre-Civil War period, Cincinnati had been called "a Southern city on free soil".<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 44">: 44 </span></sup> Volatile social conditions saw <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_1829" title="Cincinnati riots of 1829">riots in 1829</a>, when many black people lost their homes and property. As the Irish entered the city in the late 1840s, they competed with black people at the lower levels of the economy. White-led riots against black people occurred <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Riots_of_1836" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Riots of 1836">in 1836</a>, when an abolitionist press was twice destroyed; and in 1842.<sup id="cite_ref-Aaron1992_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aaron1992-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than 1,000 black people abandoned the city after the 1829 riots. Black people in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> and other major cities raised money to help the refugees recover from the destruction. By 1842 black people had become better established in the city; they defended themselves and their property in the riot, and worked politically as well.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dancers_at_Oktoberfest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Dancers_at_Oktoberfest.jpg/220px-Dancers_at_Oktoberfest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Dancers_at_Oktoberfest.jpg/330px-Dancers_at_Oktoberfest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Dancers_at_Oktoberfest.jpg/440px-Dancers_at_Oktoberfest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Dancers perform the <a href="/wiki/Schuhplattler" title="Schuhplattler">Schuhplattler</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oktoberfest_Zinzinnati" title="Oktoberfest Zinzinnati">Oktoberfest Zinzinnati</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Germans were among the earliest newcomers, migrating from Pennsylvania, Virginia and <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>. <a href="/wiki/David_Ziegler" title="David Ziegler">David Ziegler</a> succeeded <a href="/wiki/Arthur_St._Clair" title="Arthur St. Clair">Arthur St. Clair</a> in command at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Washington_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Washington (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Fort Washington</a>. After the conclusion of the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Indian_War" title="Northwest Indian War">Northwest Indian War</a> and removal of Native Americans to the west, he was elected as Cincinnati's first town president in 1802.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreve1904440_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreve1904440-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cincinnati was influenced by <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Irishmen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Old_Saxony" title="Old Saxony">Saxons</a> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Germany" title="Northern Germany">northern Germans</a>), seeking to emigrate away from crowding and strife. In 1830, residents with German roots made up 5% of the population, as many had migrated from Pennsylvania; ten years later this had increased to 30%.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thousands of Germans entered the city after the <a href="/wiki/German_revolutions_of_1848%E2%80%9349" class="mw-redirect" title="German revolutions of 1848–49">German revolutions of 1848–49</a>, and by 1900, more than 60 percent of its population was of Prussian background.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The menial-jobbed, aggravated Irish often organized mobs, and the Germans, far away from their <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Dutch" title="Pennsylvania Dutch">Pennsylvania Dutch</a> connections, did the same. Traditions and celebrations of the city's immigrant communities have been sustained; nearby <a href="/wiki/Waynesville,_Ohio" title="Waynesville, Ohio">Waynesville</a> hosts the yearly Ohio Sauerkraut Festival,<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Cincinnati hosts several big yearly events which commemorate connections to the Old World. <a href="/wiki/Oktoberfest_Zinzinnati" title="Oktoberfest Zinzinnati">Oktoberfest Zinzinnati</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bockfest" title="Bockfest">Bockfest</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Taste_of_Cincinnati" title="Taste of Cincinnati">Taste of Cincinnati</a> feature local restaurateurs. </p><p><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Cincinnati" title="History of the Jews in Cincinnati">Cincinnati's Jewish community</a> was developed by those from England and Germany. A large segment of the community, led by <a href="/wiki/Isaac_M._Wise" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaac M. Wise">Isaac M. Wise</a>, developed <a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform Judaism</a> in response to the influences of the Enlightenment and making their new lives in the United States. Rabbi Wise, known as a founding father of the Reform movement, and his contemporaries, bore a great influence on the Jewish faith in Cincinnati, the United States, and worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-je_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/NRHP" class="mw-redirect" title="NRHP">NRHP</a>-listed <a href="/wiki/Potter_Stewart_United_States_Courthouse" title="Potter Stewart United States Courthouse">Potter Stewart United States Courthouse</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">federal court</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a>, one of <a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals#Circuit_composition" title="United States courts of appeals">thirteen United States courts of appeals</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Cleveland_Cincinnati_Branch" title="Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland Cincinnati Branch">Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland Cincinnati Branch</a> is located across the street from the <a href="/wiki/East_Fourth_Street_Historic_District_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="East Fourth Street Historic District (Cincinnati, Ohio)">East Fourth Street Historic District</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati_Art_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cincinnati_Art_Museum.jpg/220px-Cincinnati_Art_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cincinnati_Art_Museum.jpg/330px-Cincinnati_Art_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cincinnati_Art_Museum.jpg/440px-Cincinnati_Art_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3770" data-file-height="2693" /></a><figcaption>Founded in 1881, the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Art_Museum" title="Cincinnati Art Museum">Cincinnati Art Museum</a> has one of the most comprehensive collections in the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Cincinnati" title="List of museums in Cincinnati">List of museums in Cincinnati</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Art_Museum" title="Cincinnati Art Museum">Cincinnati Art Museum</a> is an art museum in the <a href="/wiki/Eden_Park_(Cincinnati)" title="Eden Park (Cincinnati)">Eden Park</a> neighborhood. Founded in 1881, it was the first purpose-built art museum west of the <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Mountains" title="Allegheny Mountains">Allegheny Mountains</a>. Its collection of over 67,000 works spanning 6,000 years of human history make it one of the most comprehensive collections in the Midwest.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Arts_Center" title="Contemporary Arts Center">Contemporary Arts Center</a> was established in 1939 as one of the first <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_art" title="Contemporary art">contemporary art</a> institutions in the country. The <a href="/wiki/Art_Academy_of_Cincinnati" title="Art Academy of Cincinnati">Art Academy of Cincinnati</a> also features three public galleries, in addition to the <a href="/wiki/Taft_Museum_of_Art" title="Taft Museum of Art">Taft Museum of Art</a> collection.<sup id="cite_ref-Insiders_Guide_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Insiders_Guide-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Contemporary_Arts_Center,_Cincinnati,_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Contemporary_Arts_Center%2C_Cincinnati%2C_2019.jpg/220px-Contemporary_Arts_Center%2C_Cincinnati%2C_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Contemporary_Arts_Center%2C_Cincinnati%2C_2019.jpg/330px-Contemporary_Arts_Center%2C_Cincinnati%2C_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Contemporary_Arts_Center%2C_Cincinnati%2C_2019.jpg/440px-Contemporary_Arts_Center%2C_Cincinnati%2C_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Arts_Center" title="Contemporary Arts Center">Contemporary Arts Center</a> building, designed by <a href="/wiki/Zaha_Hadid" title="Zaha Hadid">Zaha Hadid</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The city's <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Museum_Center" title="Cincinnati Museum Center">Cincinnati Museum Center</a> complex operates out of the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Cincinnati Union Terminal</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Queensgate,_Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Queensgate, Cincinnati, Ohio">Queensgate</a> neighborhood. Within the complex are the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_History_Museum" title="Cincinnati History Museum">Cincinnati History Museum</a>, Museum of Natural History & Science, Robert D. Lindner Family <a href="/wiki/Omnimax" class="mw-redirect" title="Omnimax">Omnimax</a> Theater, Cincinnati History Library and Archives, and <a href="/wiki/Duke_Energy_Children%27s_Museum" title="Duke Energy Children's Museum">Duke Energy Children's Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/National_Underground_Railroad_Freedom_Center" title="National Underground Railroad Freedom Center">National Underground Railroad Freedom Center</a> opened in 2004 along the riverfront based on the history of the <a href="/wiki/Underground_Railroad" title="Underground Railroad">Underground Railroad</a>, recognizing the role the city played in its history as thousands of slaves escaped to freedom by crossing the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> from the southern slave states.<sup id="cite_ref-Insiders_Guide_113-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Insiders_Guide-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U.S. president and chief justice <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a>'s childhood home, now the <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_National_Historic_Site" title="William Howard Taft National Historic Site">William Howard Taft National Historic Site</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Mount_Auburn_Historic_District" title="Mount Auburn Historic District">Mount Auburn</a> features exhibits on Taft's life and accomplishments.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Museum" title="American Sign Museum">American Sign Museum</a> features over 200 signs and other objects on display ranging from the late nineteenth century to the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati-Music-Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cincinnati-Music-Hall.jpg/220px-Cincinnati-Music-Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cincinnati-Music-Hall.jpg/330px-Cincinnati-Music-Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cincinnati-Music-Hall.jpg/440px-Cincinnati-Music-Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1503" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Music_Hall" title="Cincinnati Music Hall">Cincinnati Music Hall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Over-the-Rhine" title="Over-the-Rhine">Over-the-Rhine</a> is the city's principal concert hall.</figcaption></figure> <p>Music-related events include the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_May_Festival" title="Cincinnati May Festival">Cincinnati May Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bunbury_Music_Festival" title="Bunbury Music Festival">Bunbury Music Festival</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bell/WEBN_Riverfest" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Bell/WEBN Riverfest">Cincinnati Bell/WEBN Riverfest</a>. Cincinnati hosted the <a href="/wiki/World_Choir_Games" title="World Choir Games">World Choir Games</a> in 2012 with the mantra "Cincinnati, the City that Sings!" </p><p>Cincinnati has given rise or been home to popular musicians and singers, including <a href="/wiki/Lonnie_Mack" title="Lonnie Mack">Lonnie Mack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doris_Day" title="Doris Day">Doris Day</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odd_Nosdam" title="Odd Nosdam">Odd Nosdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dinah_Shore" title="Dinah Shore">Dinah Shore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fats_Waller" title="Fats Waller">Fats Waller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Clooney" title="Rosemary Clooney">Rosemary Clooney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bootsy_Collins" title="Bootsy Collins">Bootsy Collins</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Isley_Brothers" title="The Isley Brothers">The Isley Brothers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merle_Travis" title="Merle Travis">Merle Travis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hank_Ballard" title="Hank Ballard">Hank Ballard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otis_Williams" title="Otis Williams">Otis Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mood_(band)" title="Mood (band)">Mood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midnight_Star_(band)" title="Midnight Star (band)">Midnight Star</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calloway_(band)" title="Calloway (band)">Calloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Afghan_Whigs" title="The Afghan Whigs">The Afghan Whigs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Over_the_Rhine_(band)" title="Over the Rhine (band)">Over the Rhine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blessid_Union_of_Souls" title="Blessid Union of Souls">Blessid Union of Souls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freddie_Meyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Freddie Meyer">Freddie Meyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/98_Degrees" title="98 Degrees">98 Degrees</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Greenhornes" title="The Greenhornes">The Greenhornes</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Deele" title="The Deele">The Deele</a>, Enduser, <a href="/wiki/Heartless_Bastards" title="Heartless Bastards">Heartless Bastards</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Dopamines" title="The Dopamines">The Dopamines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Belew" title="Adrian Belew">Adrian Belew</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_National_(band)" title="The National (band)">The National</a>, <a href="/wiki/Foxy_Shazam" title="Foxy Shazam">Foxy Shazam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Why%3F_(American_band)" title="Why? (American band)">Why?</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wussy" title="Wussy">Wussy</a>, <a href="/wiki/H-Bomb_Ferguson" title="H-Bomb Ferguson">H-Bomb Ferguson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sudan_Archives" title="Sudan Archives">Sudan Archives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walk_the_Moon" title="Walk the Moon">Walk the Moon</a>, and alternative hip hop producer <a href="/wiki/Hi-Tek" title="Hi-Tek">Hi-Tek</a> calls the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_%E2%80%93_Northern_Kentucky_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati – Northern Kentucky metropolitan area">Metro Cincinnati</a> region home. <a href="/wiki/Andy_Biersack" title="Andy Biersack">Andy Biersack</a>, the lead vocalist for the rock band <a href="/wiki/Black_Veil_Brides" title="Black Veil Brides">Black Veil Brides</a>, was born in Cincinnati. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_May_Festival" title="Cincinnati May Festival">Cincinnati May Festival</a> Chorus is an amateur choir that has been in existence since 1880. The city is home to the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra">Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Opera" title="Cincinnati Opera">Cincinnati Opera</a>, Cincinnati Boychoir, and <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Ballet" title="Cincinnati Ballet">Cincinnati Ballet</a>. Metro Cincinnati is also home to several regional orchestras and youth orchestras, including the Starling Chamber Orchestra and the Cincinnati Symphony Youth Orchestra. Music Director <a href="/wiki/James_Conlon" title="James Conlon">James Conlon</a> and Chorus Director <a href="/wiki/Robert_Porco" title="Robert Porco">Robert Porco</a> lead the Chorus through an extensive repertoire of classical music. The May Festival Chorus is the mainstay of the oldest continuous choral festival in the Western Hemisphere. <a href="/wiki/Music_Hall_(Cincinnati)" class="mw-redirect" title="Music Hall (Cincinnati)">Cincinnati Music Hall</a> was built to house the May Festival. </p><p>Cincinnati is the subject of a <a href="/wiki/Connie_Smith" title="Connie Smith">Connie Smith</a> song written by <a href="/wiki/Bill_Anderson_(singer)" title="Bill Anderson (singer)">Bill Anderson</a>, called <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio_(song)" title="Cincinnati, Ohio (song)">Cincinnati, Ohio</a>. Cincinnati is the main scenario for the international music production of Italian artist and songwriter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veronica_Vitale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veronica Vitale (page does not exist)">Veronica Vitale</a> called "Inside the Outsider". She embedded the sounds of the trains at <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_and_Ohio_Railroad" title="Baltimore and Ohio Railroad">Baltimore and Ohio Railroad</a> <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Cincinnati" title="Downtown Cincinnati">Downtown Cincinnati</a>, filmed her music single "Mi Sono innamorato di Te" at the <a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Museum" title="American Sign Museum">American Sign Museum</a> and recorded her heartbeat sound at <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Children%27s_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Children's Hospital">Cincinnati Children's Hospital</a> replacing it to the drums for her song "The Pulse of Light" during the broadcasting at <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Seacrest" title="Ryan Seacrest">Ryan Seacrest</a>'s studio. Furthermore, she released the music single "Nobody is Perfect" featuring legendary Cincinnati's bass player <a href="/wiki/Bootsy_Collins" title="Bootsy Collins">Bootsy Collins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cincinnati was a major early music recording center and was home to <a href="/wiki/King_Records_(United_States)" title="King Records (United States)">King Records</a>, which helped launch the career of <a href="/wiki/James_Brown" title="James Brown">James Brown</a>, who often recorded there, as well as <a href="/wiki/Jewel_Records_(Cincinnati_record_label)" title="Jewel Records (Cincinnati record label)">Jewel Records</a>, which helped launch Lonnie Mack's career, and <a href="/wiki/Fraternity_Records" title="Fraternity Records">Fraternity Records</a>. Cincinnati had a vibrant jazz scene from the 1920s to today. <a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a>'s first recordings were done in the Cincinnati area, at <a href="/wiki/Gennett_Records" title="Gennett Records">Gennett Records</a>, as were <a href="/wiki/Jelly_Roll_Morton" title="Jelly Roll Morton">Jelly Roll Morton</a>'s, <a href="/wiki/Hoagy_Carmichael" title="Hoagy Carmichael">Hoagy Carmichael</a>'s, and <a href="/wiki/Bix_Beiderbecke" title="Bix Beiderbecke">Bix Beiderbecke</a>, who took up residency in Cincinnati for a time. <a href="/wiki/Fats_Waller" title="Fats Waller">Fats Waller</a> was on staff at <a href="/wiki/WLW" title="WLW">WLW</a> in the 1930s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theater">Theater</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Theater"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trevor_Noah_2019-02-01_-_Aronoff_Center_crowd_(46151350875).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Trevor_Noah_2019-02-01_-_Aronoff_Center_crowd_%2846151350875%29.jpg/220px-Trevor_Noah_2019-02-01_-_Aronoff_Center_crowd_%2846151350875%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Trevor_Noah_2019-02-01_-_Aronoff_Center_crowd_%2846151350875%29.jpg/330px-Trevor_Noah_2019-02-01_-_Aronoff_Center_crowd_%2846151350875%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Trevor_Noah_2019-02-01_-_Aronoff_Center_crowd_%2846151350875%29.jpg/440px-Trevor_Noah_2019-02-01_-_Aronoff_Center_crowd_%2846151350875%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Aronoff_Center" title="Aronoff Center">Aronoff Center</a>, one of Cincinnati's largest performing arts venues</figcaption></figure> <p>Professional theatre has operated in Cincinnati since at least as early as the 1800s.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Among the professional companies based in the city are <a href="/wiki/Ensemble_Theatre_Cincinnati" title="Ensemble Theatre Cincinnati">Ensemble Theatre Cincinnati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Shakespeare_Company" title="Cincinnati Shakespeare Company">Cincinnati Shakespeare Company</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Know_Theatre_of_Cincinnati" title="Know Theatre of Cincinnati">Know Theatre of Cincinnati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stage_First_Cincinnati" title="Stage First Cincinnati">Stage First Cincinnati</a>, Cincinnati Public Theatre, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Opera" title="Cincinnati Opera">Cincinnati Opera</a>, The Performance Gallery and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clear_Stage_Cincinnati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clear Stage Cincinnati (page does not exist)">Clear Stage Cincinnati</a>. The city is also home to <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Playhouse_in_the_Park" title="Cincinnati Playhouse in the Park">Cincinnati Playhouse in the Park</a>, which hosts regional premieres, and the <a href="/wiki/Aronoff_Center" title="Aronoff Center">Aronoff Center</a>, which hosts touring Broadway shows each year via <a href="/wiki/Broadway_Across_America" title="Broadway Across America">Broadway Across America</a>. The city has community theatres, such as the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Young_People%27s_Theatre" title="Cincinnati Young People's Theatre">Cincinnati Young People's Theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Music_Theatre" title="Cincinnati Music Theatre">Cincinnati Music Theatre</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Showboat_Majestic" class="mw-redirect" title="Showboat Majestic">Showboat Majestic</a> (which is the last surviving showboat in the United States and possibly<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="The material near this tag possibly contains original research. (November 2014)">original research?</span></a></i>]</sup> the world), and the <a href="/wiki/Mariemont_Players" title="Mariemont Players">Mariemont Players</a>. </p><p>Since 2011, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Opera" title="Cincinnati Opera">Cincinnati Opera</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati_College-Conservatory_of_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music">University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music</a> have partnered to sponsor the <a href="/wiki/Opera_Fusion:_New_Works" title="Opera Fusion: New Works">Opera Fusion: New Works</a> project. The <a href="/wiki/Opera_Fusion:_New_Works" title="Opera Fusion: New Works">Opera Fusion: New Works</a> project acts as a program for composers or librettists to workshop an opera in a 10-day residency. This program is headed by the Director of Artistic Operations at Cincinnati Opera, Marcus Küchle, and the Head of Opera at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati_%E2%80%93_College-Conservatory_of_Music" title="University of Cincinnati – College-Conservatory of Music">CCM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robin_Guarino" title="Robin Guarino">Robin Guarino</a>. </p><p>In 2015, Cincinnati held the USITT 2015 Conference and Stage Expo at the <a href="/wiki/Duke_Energy" title="Duke Energy">Duke Energy</a> Convention Center, bringing 5,000+ students, university educators, theatrical designers and performers, and other personnel to the city.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The USITT Conference is considered the main conference for Theatre, Opera, and Dance in the United States.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_and_literature">Film and literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Film and literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/A_Rage_in_Harlem" title="A Rage in Harlem">A Rage in Harlem</a></i> was filmed entirely in the Cincinnati neighborhood of Over the Rhine because of its similarity to 1950s Harlem. Movies that were filmed in part in Cincinnati include <i><a href="/wiki/The_Best_Years_of_Our_Lives" title="The Best Years of Our Lives">The Best Years of Our Lives</a></i> (aerial footage early in the film), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ides_of_March_(2011_film)" title="The Ides of March (2011 film)">Ides of March</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fresh_Horses_(film)" title="Fresh Horses (film)">Fresh Horses</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Asphalt_Jungle" title="The Asphalt Jungle">The Asphalt Jungle</a></i> (the opening is shot from the <a href="/wiki/Public_Landing,_Cincinnati" title="Public Landing, Cincinnati">Public Landing</a> and takes place in Cincinnati although only Boone County, Kentucky, is mentioned), <i><a href="/wiki/Rain_Man" title="Rain Man">Rain Man</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Miles_Ahead_(film)" title="Miles Ahead (film)">Miles Ahead</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Airborne_(1993_film)" title="Airborne (1993 film)">Airborne</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Grimm_Reality" title="Grimm Reality">Grimm Reality</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Man_Tate" title="Little Man Tate">Little Man Tate</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/City_of_Hope_(1991_film)" title="City of Hope (1991 film)">City of Hope</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/An_Innocent_Man_(film)" title="An Innocent Man (film)">An Innocent Man</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tango_%26_Cash" title="Tango & Cash">Tango & Cash</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Mom_for_Christmas" title="A Mom for Christmas">A Mom for Christmas</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Lost_in_Yonkers_(film)" title="Lost in Yonkers (film)">Lost in Yonkers</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Summer_Catch" title="Summer Catch">Summer Catch</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Artworks" class="mw-redirect" title="Artworks">Artworks</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dreamer_(2005_film)" title="Dreamer (2005 film)">Dreamer</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown_(film)" title="Elizabethtown (film)">Elizabethtown</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_and_Judy" title="Jimmy and Judy">Jimmy and Judy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Eight_Men_Out" title="Eight Men Out">Eight Men Out</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Milk_Money_(film)" title="Milk Money (film)">Milk Money</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Traffic_(2000_film)" title="Traffic (2000 film)">Traffic</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pride_of_Jesse_Hallam" title="The Pride of Jesse Hallam">The Pride of Jesse Hallam</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Buck_Howard" title="The Great Buck Howard">The Great Buck Howard</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/In_Too_Deep_(1999_film)" title="In Too Deep (1999 film)">In Too Deep</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Seven_Below" title="Seven Below">Seven Below</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Carol_(film)" title="Carol (film)">Carol</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Public_Eye_(film)" title="The Public Eye (film)">Public Eye</a></i>, <i>The Last Late Night</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FilmCincinnati_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FilmCincinnati-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mighty" title="The Mighty">The Mighty</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In addition, <i><a href="/wiki/Wild_Hogs" title="Wild Hogs">Wild Hogs</a></i> is set, though not filmed, in Cincinnati.<sup id="cite_ref-Wild_Hogs_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wild_Hogs-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Cincinnati skyline was prominently featured in the opening and closing sequences of the <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>/ABC daytime drama <i><a href="/wiki/The_Edge_of_Night" title="The Edge of Night">The Edge of Night</a></i> from its start in 1956 until 1980, when it was replaced by the Los Angeles skyline; the cityscape was the stand-in for the show's setting, Monticello. Procter & Gamble, the show's producer, is based in Cincinnati. The sitcom <i><a href="/wiki/WKRP_in_Cincinnati" title="WKRP in Cincinnati">WKRP in Cincinnati</a></i> and its sequel/spin-off <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_WKRP_in_Cincinnati" title="The New WKRP in Cincinnati">The New WKRP in Cincinnati</a></i> featured the city's skyline and other exterior shots in its credits, although was not filmed in Cincinnati. The city's skyline has also appeared in an <a href="/wiki/April_Fool%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="April Fool's">April Fool's</a> episode of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Drew_Carey_Show" title="The Drew Carey Show">The Drew Carey Show</a></i>, which was set in Carey's hometown of <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>. <a href="/wiki/3_Doors_Down" title="3 Doors Down">3 Doors Down</a>'s music video "It's Not My Time" was filmed in Cincinnati, and features the skyline and Fountain Square. Also, <i><a href="/wiki/Harry%27s_Law" title="Harry's Law">Harry's Law</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> legal dramedy created by <a href="/wiki/David_E._Kelley" title="David E. Kelley">David E. Kelley</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Bates" title="Kathy Bates">Kathy Bates</a>, was set in Cincinnati.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hollows_(series)" title="Hollows (series)">Hollows series</a> of books by <a href="/wiki/Kim_Harrison" title="Kim Harrison">Kim Harrison</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Urban_fantasy" title="Urban fantasy">urban fantasy</a> that takes place in Cincinnati. <a href="/wiki/American_Girl" title="American Girl">American Girl</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Kit_Kittredge" title="Kit Kittredge">Kit Kittredge</a></i> sub-series also took place in the city, although the <a href="/wiki/Kit_Kittredge:_An_American_Girl" title="Kit Kittredge: An American Girl">film based on it</a> was shot in Toronto. </p><p>Cincinnati also has its own chapter (or "Tent") of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sons_of_the_Desert" title="The Sons of the Desert">The Sons of the Desert</a> (The Laurel and Hardy Appreciation Society)</i>, which meets several times per year.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TasteOfCincyCrowd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/TasteOfCincyCrowd.jpg/220px-TasteOfCincyCrowd.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/TasteOfCincyCrowd.jpg/330px-TasteOfCincyCrowd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/TasteOfCincyCrowd.jpg/440px-TasteOfCincyCrowd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="639" /></a><figcaption>Approximately 1 million attend <a href="/wiki/Taste_of_Cincinnati" title="Taste of Cincinnati">Taste of Cincinnati</a> yearly, making it one of the largest street festivals in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Along with <a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">American cuisine</a>, Cincinnati is host to numerous flavors infused from around the culinary world. <a href="/wiki/Frisch%27s" title="Frisch's">Frisch's Big Boy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graeter%27s" title="Graeter's">Graeter's</a> ice cream, <a href="/wiki/Kroger" title="Kroger">Kroger</a>, <a href="/wiki/LaRosa%27s_Pizzeria" title="LaRosa's Pizzeria">LaRosa's Pizzeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Inn" title="Montgomery Inn">Montgomery Inn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skyline_Chili" title="Skyline Chili">Skyline Chili</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gold_Star_Chili" title="Gold Star Chili">Gold Star Chili</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aglamesis_Bro%27s" title="Aglamesis Bro's">Aglamesis Bro's</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Dairy_Farmers" title="United Dairy Farmers">United Dairy Farmers</a> are Cincinnati eateries that sell their brand commodities in grocery markets and gas stations. Glier's <a href="/wiki/Goetta" title="Goetta">goetta</a> is produced in the Cincinnati area and is a popular local food. <a href="/wiki/The_Maisonette" title="The Maisonette">The Maisonette</a> in Cincinnati was <a href="/wiki/Mobil" title="Mobil">Mobil</a> Travel Guide's longest-running <a href="/wiki/Star_(classification)" title="Star (classification)">five-star</a> restaurant in the United States, holding that distinction for 41 consecutive years until it closed in 2005. Its former head chef, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Robert_de_Cavel" title="Jean-Robert de Cavel">Jean-Robert de Cavel</a>, has opened four new restaurants in the area since 2001. </p><p>One of the United States's oldest<sup id="cite_ref-esq13_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-esq13-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and most celebrated<sup id="cite_ref-ARNOLDSAWARDS_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARNOLDSAWARDS-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bars, <a href="/wiki/Arnold%27s_Bar_and_Grill" title="Arnold's Bar and Grill">Arnold's Bar and Grill</a> in downtown Cincinnati has won awards from <i>Esquire</i> magazine's "Best Bars in America",<sup id="cite_ref-WCPO13_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCPO13-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thrillist" title="Thrillist">Thrillist</a>'s "Most Iconic Bar in Ohio",<sup id="cite_ref-thrillist15_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thrillist15-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Meal" title="The Daily Meal">The Daily Meal</a>'s "150 Best bars in America"<sup id="cite_ref-TheDailyMeal15_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheDailyMeal15-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Serious_Eats" title="Serious Eats">Seriouseats.com</a>'s "The Cincinnati 10".<sup id="cite_ref-Serious_Eats_16_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Serious_Eats_16-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "If Arnold's were in New York, San Francisco, Chicago, or Boston—somewhere, in short, that people actually visit—it would be world-famous," wrote David Wondrich.<sup id="cite_ref-wondrich_quote_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wondrich_quote-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Filet-O-Fish" title="Filet-O-Fish">Filet-O-Fish</a> was created in 1962 by <a href="/wiki/Lou_Groen" title="Lou Groen">Lou Groen</a>, the owner of the first McDonald's franchise in the Cincinnati area, to cater to <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church in the United States">Catholic</a> patrons who <a href="/wiki/Friday_fast" title="Friday fast">abstained from meat on Fridays</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Traditional local delicacies include <a href="/wiki/Opera_cream" title="Opera cream">opera creams</a><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ice_cream_float#Nectar_soda" title="Ice cream float">nectar soda</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> both served at <a href="/wiki/Graeter%27s" title="Graeter's">Graeter's</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aglamesis_Bro%27s" title="Aglamesis Bro's">Aglamesis Bro's</a> ice cream parlors. <a href="/wiki/Grippo%27s" title="Grippo's">Grippo's</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pringles" title="Pringles">Pringles</a> potato chips also have their origins in the area, the latter produced by local company <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a>. Other foodstuffs of local origin include <a href="/wiki/Frank%27s_RedHot" title="Frank's RedHot">Frank's RedHot</a> sauce<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Slush_Puppie" title="Slush Puppie">Slush Puppies</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cincinnati_chili">Cincinnati chili</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Cincinnati chili"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_chili" title="Cincinnati chili">Cincinnati chili</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_cheese_coneys_from_Skyline_Chili.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Three_cheese_coneys_from_Skyline_Chili.jpg/220px-Three_cheese_coneys_from_Skyline_Chili.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Three_cheese_coneys_from_Skyline_Chili.jpg/330px-Three_cheese_coneys_from_Skyline_Chili.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Three_cheese_coneys_from_Skyline_Chili.jpg/440px-Three_cheese_coneys_from_Skyline_Chili.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2890" data-file-height="2168" /></a><figcaption>Cheese <a href="/wiki/Coney_Island_hot_dog" title="Coney Island hot dog">coneys</a> containing <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_chili" title="Cincinnati chili">Cincinnati chili</a>, developed in the 1920s by <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Americans" title="Macedonian Americans">Macedonian immigrants</a> in Cincinnati</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_chili" title="Cincinnati chili">Cincinnati chili</a>, a spiced sauce served over noodles, usually topped with cheese and often with diced onions or beans, is the area's "best-known regional food".<sup id="cite_ref-wcpo1508_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wcpo1508-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-500things_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-500things-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A variety of recipes are served by respective parlors, including <a href="/wiki/Skyline_Chili" title="Skyline Chili">Skyline Chili</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gold_Star_Chili" title="Gold Star Chili">Gold Star Chili</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dixie_Chili_and_Deli" title="Dixie Chili and Deli">Dixie Chili and Deli</a>, plus independent chili parlors including <a href="/wiki/Camp_Washington_Chili" title="Camp Washington Chili">Camp Washington Chili</a>, Empress Chili<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Moonlight Chili.<sup id="cite_ref-woellert_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-woellert-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was first developed by <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Americans" title="Macedonian Americans">Macedonian immigrant</a> restaurateurs in the 1920s. Cincinnati has been called the "Chili Capital of America" and "of the World" because it has more chili restaurants per capita than any other city in the United States or in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Goetta">Goetta</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Goetta"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Goetta" title="Goetta">Goetta</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Goetta" title="Goetta">Goetta</a> is a meat-and-grain <a href="/wiki/Sausage" title="Sausage">sausage</a> or mush<sup id="cite_ref-citybeat18_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citybeat18-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of German inspiration. It is primarily composed of <a href="/wiki/Ground_meat" title="Ground meat">ground meat</a> (pork, or pork and beef), <a href="/wiki/Steel-cut_oats" title="Steel-cut oats">pin-head oats</a> and spices.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mock_turtle_soup">Mock turtle soup</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Mock turtle soup"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mock_turtle_soup" title="Mock turtle soup">Mock turtle soup</a></div> <p>Similarly to goetta's origins, <a href="/wiki/Mock_turtle_soup" title="Mock turtle soup">mock turtle soup</a> was a dish popularized by the influx of German immigrants in the late 19th century. Originally made with <a href="/wiki/Offal" title="Offal">offal</a>, today Cincinnati-style mock turtle soup is characterized by ground beef, hard-boiled eggs, and ketchup. The only remaining commercial canner of the soup, Worthmore, has produced it in Cincinnati since 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dialect">Dialect</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">For a list of words relating to Cincinnati, see the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Cincinnati_English" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Category:Cincinnati English"><i><b>Cincinnati English</b></i> category of words</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a>, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <p>The citizens of Cincinnati speak in a <a href="/wiki/General_American" class="mw-redirect" title="General American">General American</a> dialect. Unlike the rest of the Midwest, Southwest Ohio shares some aspects of its vowel system with <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_English_dialects#North_Jersey_English" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey English dialects">northern New Jersey English</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Labov_2006_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labov_2006-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Labov_2011_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labov_2011-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the distinctive local features among speakers float as Midland American.<sup id="cite_ref-Boberg_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boberg-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also some influence from the <a href="/wiki/Southern_American_English" title="Southern American English">Southern American</a> dialect found in Kentucky.<sup id="cite_ref-Ash_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ash-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A touch of northern German is audible in the local vernacular: some residents use the word <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/please#Etymology_3" class="extiw" title="wikt:please">please</a></i> when asking a speaker to repeat a statement. This usage is taken from the German practice, when <i>bitte</i> (a shortening of the formal "Wie bitte?" or "How please?" rendered word-for-word from German into English), was used as shorthand for asking someone to repeat.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Cincinnati" title="Sports in Cincinnati">Sports in Cincinnati</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:10Cincinnati_2015_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/10Cincinnati_2015_%282%29.jpg/200px-10Cincinnati_2015_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/10Cincinnati_2015_%282%29.jpg/300px-10Cincinnati_2015_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/10Cincinnati_2015_%282%29.jpg/400px-10Cincinnati_2015_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ball_Park" title="Great American Ball Park">Great American Ball Park</a>, home to the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Brown_Stadium_Cincinnati.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Paul_Brown_Stadium_Cincinnati.jpg/200px-Paul_Brown_Stadium_Cincinnati.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Paul_Brown_Stadium_Cincinnati.jpg/300px-Paul_Brown_Stadium_Cincinnati.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Paul_Brown_Stadium_Cincinnati.jpg/400px-Paul_Brown_Stadium_Cincinnati.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2144" data-file-height="1424" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Paycor_Stadium" title="Paycor Stadium">Paycor Stadium</a>, home to the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bengals" title="Cincinnati Bengals">Cincinnati Bengals</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FC_Cincinnati_vs._New_England_Revolution_at_TQL_Stadium_(20220521190217).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/FC_Cincinnati_vs._New_England_Revolution_at_TQL_Stadium_%2820220521190217%29.jpg/200px-FC_Cincinnati_vs._New_England_Revolution_at_TQL_Stadium_%2820220521190217%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/FC_Cincinnati_vs._New_England_Revolution_at_TQL_Stadium_%2820220521190217%29.jpg/300px-FC_Cincinnati_vs._New_England_Revolution_at_TQL_Stadium_%2820220521190217%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/FC_Cincinnati_vs._New_England_Revolution_at_TQL_Stadium_%2820220521190217%29.jpg/400px-FC_Cincinnati_vs._New_England_Revolution_at_TQL_Stadium_%2820220521190217%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="810" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/TQL_Stadium" title="TQL Stadium">TQL Stadium</a>, home to <a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati" title="FC Cincinnati">FC Cincinnati</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>Cincinnati has three major league teams, three minor league teams, five college institutions with sports teams, and seven major sports venues. Cincinnati's three major league teams are Major League Baseball's <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Reds</a>, who were named for America's first professional baseball team, the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Red_Stockings" title="Cincinnati Red Stockings">Cincinnati Red Stockings</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bengals" title="Cincinnati Bengals">Bengals</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>; and <a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati" title="FC Cincinnati">FC Cincinnati</a>, which became a <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a> franchise in 2019. <a href="/wiki/WalletHub" title="WalletHub">WalletHub</a> has ranked Cincinnati as the No. 12 best sports city. </p><p>On Major League Baseball <a href="/wiki/Opening_Day" title="Opening Day">Opening Day</a>, Cincinnati has the distinction of holding the "traditional opener" in baseball each year, due to its baseball history. Children have been known to skip school on Opening Day, and it is commonly thought of as a holiday.<sup id="cite_ref-Sarasota_HT_Opening_Day_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sarasota_HT_Opening_Day-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cincinnati Reds have won five <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> titles, in <a href="/wiki/1919_World_Series" title="1919 World Series">1919</a>, <a href="/wiki/1940_World_Series" title="1940 World Series">1940</a>, <a href="/wiki/1975_World_Series" title="1975 World Series">1975</a>, <a href="/wiki/1976_World_Series" title="1976 World Series">1976</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1990_World_Series" title="1990 World Series">1990</a>. The Reds had one of the most successful baseball clubs of all time in the mid-1970s, known as The Big Red Machine. </p><p>The Bengals have made three Super Bowl appearances since the franchise was founded, in <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XVI" title="Super Bowl XVI">1982</a>, <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXIII" title="Super Bowl XXIII">1989</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVI" title="Super Bowl LVI">2022</a>, but have yet to win a championship. The Bengals enjoy strong rivalries with the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns" title="Cleveland Browns">Cleveland Browns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Steelers" title="Pittsburgh Steelers">Pittsburgh Steelers</a>, both of whom are also members of the <a href="/wiki/AFC_North" title="AFC North">AFC North</a> division. Whenever the Bengals and <a href="/wiki/Carolina_Panthers" title="Carolina Panthers">Carolina Panthers</a> play against each other in an inter-conference matchup that occurs every four years, their games are dubbed the "Queen City Bowl", as <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a>, the home city of the Panthers, is also known as the Queen City.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati" title="FC Cincinnati">FC Cincinnati</a> is a soccer team that plays in <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a>. FC Cincinnati made its home debut in the <a href="/wiki/USL_Championship" title="USL Championship">USL</a> on April 9, 2016, before a crowd of more than 14,000 fans.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On their next home game against <a href="/wiki/Louisville_City_FC" title="Louisville City FC">Louisville City FC</a>, FC Cincinnati broke the all-time USL attendance record with a crowd of 20,497; on May 14, 2016, it broke its own record, bringing in an audience of 23,375 on its 1–0 victory against the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Riverhounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsburgh Riverhounds">Pittsburgh Riverhounds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After breaking the USL attendance record on several additional occasions, the club moved to Major League Soccer (MLS) for the 2019 season.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> FC Cincinnati was awarded an MLS bid on May 29, 2018, and moved to <a href="/wiki/TQL_Stadium" title="TQL Stadium">TQL Stadium</a> in the West End neighborhood just northwest of downtown in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cincinnati is also home to two men's college basketball teams: the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bearcats" title="Cincinnati Bearcats">Cincinnati Bearcats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xavier_Musketeers" title="Xavier Musketeers">Xavier Musketeers</a>. These two teams face off as one of college basketball's rivalries known as the <a href="/wiki/Crosstown_Shootout" title="Crosstown Shootout">Crosstown Shootout</a>. In <a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%9312_NCAA_Division_I_men%27s_basketball_season" title="2011–12 NCAA Division I men's basketball season">2011</a>, the rivalry game erupted in <a href="/wiki/2011_Crosstown_Shootout_brawl" title="2011 Crosstown Shootout brawl">an on-court brawl</a> at the end of the game that saw multiple suspensions follow. The Musketeers have made 10 of the last 11 <a href="/wiki/NCAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA">NCAA</a> tournaments while the Bearcats have won <a href="/wiki/List_of_NCAA_Division_I_men%27s_basketball_champions" title="List of NCAA Division I men's basketball champions">two Division I National Championships</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously, the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Royals" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Royals">Cincinnati Royals</a> competed in the <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a> from 1957 to 1972; they are now known as the <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_Kings" title="Sacramento Kings">Sacramento Kings</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Flying_Pig_Marathon" title="Flying Pig Marathon">Flying Pig Marathon</a> is a yearly event attracting many runners and acts as a qualifier to the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon" title="Boston Marathon">Boston Marathon</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Open" title="Cincinnati Open">Cincinnati Open</a>, a historic international men's and women's tennis tournament that is part of the <a href="/wiki/ATP_Tour_Masters_1000" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP Tour Masters 1000">ATP Tour Masters 1000</a> Series and the <a href="/wiki/WTA_1000_tournaments" title="WTA 1000 tournaments">WTA 1000</a> Series, was established in the city in 1899 and has been held at the <a href="/wiki/Lindner_Family_Tennis_Center" title="Lindner Family Tennis Center">Lindner Family Tennis Center</a> in suburban <a href="/wiki/Mason,_Ohio" title="Mason, Ohio">Mason</a> since 1979. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Cyclones" title="Cincinnati Cyclones">Cincinnati Cyclones</a> are a minor league AA-level professional hockey team playing in the <a href="/wiki/ECHL" title="ECHL">ECHL</a>. Founded in 1990, the team plays at the <a href="/wiki/Heritage_Bank_Center" title="Heritage Bank Center">Heritage Bank Center</a>. They won the 2010 <a href="/wiki/Kelly_Cup" title="Kelly Cup">Kelly Cup</a> Finals, their 2nd championship in three seasons. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Sizzle" title="Cincinnati Sizzle">Cincinnati Sizzle</a> is a women's minor professional tackle football team that plays in the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Football_Alliance" title="Women's Football Alliance">Women's Football Alliance</a>. The team was established in 2003, by former <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bengals" title="Cincinnati Bengals">Cincinnati Bengals</a> running back <a href="/wiki/Ickey_Woods" title="Ickey Woods">Ickey Woods</a>. In 2016 the team claimed their first National Championship Title in the United States Women's Football League. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Kroger_Queen_City_Championship" title="Kroger Queen City Championship">Kroger Queen City Championship</a> debuted on the <a href="/wiki/LPGA_Tour" class="mw-redirect" title="LPGA Tour">LPGA Tour</a> in 2022 at Kenwood Country Club. It was the first time since 1963 that women's professional golf returned to Cincinnati. </p><p>The table below shows sports teams in the Cincinnati area that average more than 5,000 fans per game: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Cincinnati teams (yearly attendance > 5,000) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Club </th> <th>Sport </th> <th>Founded </th> <th>League </th> <th>Venue </th> <th data-sort-type="number"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Average">Avg</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Attendance">attend</span> </th> <th>Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> </td> <td>Baseball </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1882 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ball_Park" title="Great American Ball Park">Great American Ball Park</a> </td> <td align="center">25,164 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bearcats_football" title="Cincinnati Bearcats football">Cincinnati Bearcats</a> </td> <td>Football </td> <td align="center">1885 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nippert_Stadium" title="Nippert Stadium">Nippert Stadium</a> </td> <td align="center">33,871 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bearcats_men%27s_basketball" title="Cincinnati Bearcats men's basketball">Cincinnati Bearcats</a> </td> <td>Basketball </td> <td align="center">1901 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Third_Arena" title="Fifth Third Arena">Fifth Third Arena</a> </td> <td align="center">9,415 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-2016NCAAMBAttendance_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016NCAAMBAttendance-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Musketeers_men%27s_basketball" title="Xavier Musketeers men's basketball">Xavier Musketeers</a> </td> <td>Basketball </td> <td align="center">1920 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cintas_Center" title="Cintas Center">Cintas Center</a> </td> <td align="center">10,281 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-2016NCAAMBAttendance_162-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016NCAAMBAttendance-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bengals" title="Cincinnati Bengals">Cincinnati Bengals</a> </td> <td>Football </td> <td align="center">1968 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paycor_Stadium" title="Paycor Stadium">Paycor Stadium</a> </td> <td align="center">66,247 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Cyclones" title="Cincinnati Cyclones">Cincinnati Cyclones</a> </td> <td>Ice hockey </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ECHL" title="ECHL">ECHL</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Bank_Center" title="Heritage Bank Center">Heritage Bank Center</a> </td> <td align="center">5,051 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati" title="FC Cincinnati">FC Cincinnati</a> </td> <td>Soccer </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/TQL_Stadium" title="TQL Stadium">TQL Stadium</a> </td> <td align="center">21,199 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parks_and_recreation">Parks and recreation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Parks and recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_Cincinnati" title="List of parks in Cincinnati">List of parks in Cincinnati</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MirrorLake-EdenPark.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/MirrorLake-EdenPark.jpg/220px-MirrorLake-EdenPark.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/MirrorLake-EdenPark.jpg/330px-MirrorLake-EdenPark.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/MirrorLake-EdenPark.jpg/440px-MirrorLake-EdenPark.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Spring_House_Gazebo" title="Spring House Gazebo">Spring House Gazebo</a> at <a href="/wiki/Eden_Park_(Cincinnati)" title="Eden Park (Cincinnati)">Eden Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Walnut_Hills,_Cincinnati" title="Walnut Hills, Cincinnati">Walnut Hills</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Park_Board" title="Cincinnati Park Board">Cincinnati Park Board</a> maintains and operates all city parks in Cincinnati. Established in 1911 with the purchase of 168 acres (0.68 km<sup>2</sup>), today the board services more than 5,000 acres (20 km<sup>2</sup>) of city park space. Notable historic public parks and landscapes include the 19th-century <a href="/wiki/Spring_Grove_Cemetery" title="Spring Grove Cemetery">Spring Grove Cemetery and Arboretum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eden_Park_(Cincinnati)" title="Eden Park (Cincinnati)">Eden Park</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Storm_Park" title="Mount Storm Park">Mount Storm Park</a>, all designed by Prussian émigré landscape architect <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Strauch" title="Adolph Strauch">Adolph Strauch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city also has several public golf courses, including the historic <a href="/wiki/Avon_Fields_Golf_Course" title="Avon Fields Golf Course">Avon Fields Golf Course</a>. </p><p>Downtown Cincinnati towers about <a href="/wiki/Fountain_Square,_Cincinnati" title="Fountain Square, Cincinnati">Fountain Square</a>, the public square and event locale. Fountain Square was renovated in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cincinnati rests along 22 miles (35 km) of riverfront about northern banks of the Ohio, stretching from <a href="/wiki/California,_Cincinnati" title="California, Cincinnati">California</a> to <a href="/wiki/Sayler_Park,_Cincinnati" title="Sayler Park, Cincinnati">Sayler Park</a>, giving the Ohio a prominent place in the life of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Zoo_%26_Botanical_Garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden">Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden</a> in <a href="/wiki/Avondale,_Cincinnati" title="Avondale, Cincinnati">Avondale</a> is the second-oldest zoo in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was appointed as a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> in 1987. The zoo houses over 500 species, 1,800 animals and 3,000 plant species. In addition, the zoo also has conducted several <a href="/wiki/Breeding_program" title="Breeding program">breeding programs</a> in its history. The zoo is frequently cited among the best in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati_City_Hall,_Cincinnati,_OH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cincinnati_City_Hall%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg/220px-Cincinnati_City_Hall%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cincinnati_City_Hall%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg/330px-Cincinnati_City_Hall%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cincinnati_City_Hall%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg/440px-Cincinnati_City_Hall%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_City_Hall" title="Cincinnati City Hall">Cincinnati City Hall</a>, completed in 1893</figcaption></figure> <p>The city proper operates with a <a href="/wiki/Election_Results,_City_Council_of_Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Results, City Council of Cincinnati, Ohio">nine-member city council</a>, whose members are elected <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a>. Prior to 1924, city council members were elected through a system of <a href="/wiki/Ward_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ward (politics)">wards</a>. The ward system was subject to corruption due to partisan rule. From the 1880s to the 1920s, the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> dominated city politics, with the <a href="/wiki/Political_machine" title="Political machine">political machine</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_B._Cox" title="George B. Cox">George B. "Boss" Cox</a> exerting control. </p><p>A reform movement arose in 1923 which ended machine rule. It was led by another Republican, <a href="/wiki/Murray_Seasongood" title="Murray Seasongood">Murray Seasongood</a>. He founded the Charter Committee, which used ballot initiatives in 1924 to replace the ward system with the current at-large system. They gained approval by voters for a <a href="/wiki/Council%E2%80%93manager_government" title="Council–manager government">council–manager government</a> form of government, in which a smaller council hires a professional manager to operate the daily affairs of the city. From 1924 to 1957, the council was elected by <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">single transferable voting</a>. Starting with <a href="/wiki/Ashtabula,_Ohio" title="Ashtabula, Ohio">Ashtabula</a> in 1915, several major cities in Ohio adopted this electoral system, which had the practical effect of reducing ward boss and political party power. For that reason, such groups opposed it. </p><p>In an effort to overturn the charter that provided for proportional representation, opponents in 1957 fanned fears of black political power, at a time of increasing civil rights activism.<sup id="cite_ref-amy_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amy-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PR/STV system had enabled minorities to enter local politics and gain seats on the city council more than they had before, in proportion to their share of the population. This made the government more representative of the residents of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-pr_173-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pr-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Overturning that charter, in 1957, all candidates had to run in a single race for the nine city council positions. The top nine vote-getters were elected (the "9-X system"), which favored candidates who could appeal to the entire geographic area of the city and reach its residents with campaign materials. The mayor was elected by the council. In 1977, 33-year-old <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Springer" title="Jerry Springer">Jerry Springer</a>, later a notable television talk show host, was chosen to serve one year as mayor. </p><p>To have their votes count more, starting in 1987, the top vote-getter in the city council election was automatically selected as mayor. Starting in 1999, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of Cincinnati, Ohio">mayor</a> was elected separately in a general at-large election for the first time. The city manager's role in government was reduced.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> These reforms were referred to as the "<a href="/wiki/Mayor-council_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor-council government">strong mayor</a>" reforms,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (September 2020)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> to make the publicate accountable to voters. Cincinnati politics include the participation of the <a href="/wiki/Charter_Party_of_Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter Party of Cincinnati, Ohio">Charter Party</a>, the political party with the third-longest history of winning in local elections.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> On October 5, 2011, the Council became the first local government in the United States to adopt a resolution recognizing freedom from domestic violence as a fundamental human right.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 30, 2017, Cincinnati's mayor declared the city a <a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_city" title="Sanctuary city">sanctuary city</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cincinnati is home to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a>, based in the <a href="/wiki/Potter_Stewart_United_States_Courthouse" title="Potter Stewart United States Courthouse">Potter Stewart United States Courthouse</a>. It has <a href="/wiki/Appellate_jurisdiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Appellate jurisdiction">appellate jurisdiction</a> over Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, and Tennessee. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; font-size:95%;"> <caption>Presidential election results in Cincinnati<sup id="cite_ref-Dave's_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dave's-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:center;">Year </th> <th style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th> <th style="text-align:center;">Others </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="2020 United States presidential election in Ohio">2020</a></b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>77.3%</b> <i>106,620</i> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">21.2% <i>29,222</i> </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">1.5% <i>2,126</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="2016 United States presidential election in Ohio">2016</a></b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>74.6%</b> <i>100,876</i> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">21.3% <i>28,820</i> </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;">4.1% <i>5,590</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Police_and_fire_services">Police and fire services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Police and fire services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Cincinnati" title="Crime in Cincinnati">Crime in Cincinnati</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati_Serious_Crime_(2000-2019).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cincinnati_Serious_Crime_%282000-2019%29.png/220px-Cincinnati_Serious_Crime_%282000-2019%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cincinnati_Serious_Crime_%282000-2019%29.png/330px-Cincinnati_Serious_Crime_%282000-2019%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cincinnati_Serious_Crime_%282000-2019%29.png/440px-Cincinnati_Serious_Crime_%282000-2019%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2020" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Cincinnati" title="Crime in Cincinnati">Crime in Cincinnati</a> increased after the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_2001" title="Cincinnati riots of 2001">2001 riots</a>, but has been decreasing since.</figcaption></figure> <p>The city of Cincinnati's emergency services for fire, rescue, EMS, hazardous materials and explosive ordnance disposal is handled by the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Fire_Department" title="Cincinnati Fire Department">Cincinnati Fire Department</a>. On April 1, 1853, the Cincinnati Fire Department became the first paid professional fire department in United States.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cincinnati Fire Department operates out of 26 fire stations, located throughout the city in 4 districts, each commanded by a district chief.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cincinnati-oh.gov_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cincinnati-oh.gov-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati_Ohio_Police_Ford_Explorer_Utility_(34494183035).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cincinnati_Ohio_Police_Ford_Explorer_Utility_%2834494183035%29.jpg/220px-Cincinnati_Ohio_Police_Ford_Explorer_Utility_%2834494183035%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cincinnati_Ohio_Police_Ford_Explorer_Utility_%2834494183035%29.jpg/330px-Cincinnati_Ohio_Police_Ford_Explorer_Utility_%2834494183035%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cincinnati_Ohio_Police_Ford_Explorer_Utility_%2834494183035%29.jpg/440px-Cincinnati_Ohio_Police_Ford_Explorer_Utility_%2834494183035%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Ford_Explorer_Police_Interceptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Explorer Police Interceptor">Ford Explorer Police Interceptor</a> belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Police_Department" title="Cincinnati Police Department">Cincinnati Police Department</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Cincinnati Fire Department is organized into 4 bureaus: Operations,<sup id="cite_ref-cincinnati-oh.gov_179-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cincinnati-oh.gov-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Personnel and Training,<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Administrative Services,<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Fire Prevention.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each bureau is commanded by an assistant chief, who in turn reports to the chief of department. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Police_Department" title="Cincinnati Police Department">Cincinnati Police Department</a> has more than 1,000 sworn officers. Before the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_2001" title="Cincinnati riots of 2001">riots of 2001</a>, Cincinnati's overall crime rate had been dropping steadily and by 1995 had reached its lowest point since 1992 but with more murders and rapes.<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the riot, violent crime increased, but crime has been on the decline since.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cincinnati Police Department was featured on <a href="/wiki/TLC_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="TLC (TV channel)">TLC</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Police_Women_of_Cincinnati" title="Police Women of Cincinnati">Police Women of Cincinnati</a></i> and on A&E's reality show <i>The First 48</i>. Cincinnati had 71 homicides in 2023, down from 78 in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Race_relations">Race relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Race relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NationalUndergroundRailroadFreedomCenter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/NationalUndergroundRailroadFreedomCenter.jpg/220px-NationalUndergroundRailroadFreedomCenter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/NationalUndergroundRailroadFreedomCenter.jpg/330px-NationalUndergroundRailroadFreedomCenter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/NationalUndergroundRailroadFreedomCenter.jpg/440px-NationalUndergroundRailroadFreedomCenter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3004" data-file-height="1613" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/National_Underground_Railroad_Freedom_Center" title="National Underground Railroad Freedom Center">National Underground Railroad Freedom Center</a> recognizes Cincinnati's role in the history of the <a href="/wiki/Underground_Railroad" title="Underground Railroad">Underground Railroad</a> as an important crossing from the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">South</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">North</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Due to its location on the Ohio River, Cincinnati was a border town in a free state, across from Kentucky, which was a slave state. Residents of Cincinnati played a major role in <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">abolitionism</a>. Many <a href="/wiki/Fugitive_slave" class="mw-redirect" title="Fugitive slave">fugitive slaves</a> used the Ohio River at Cincinnati to escape to the North. Cincinnati had numerous stations on the Underground Railroad, but there were also runaway slave catchers active in the city, who put escaping slaves at risk of recapture. </p><p>Given its southern Ohio location, Cincinnati had also attracted settlers from the Upper South, who traveled along the Ohio River into the territory. Tensions between abolitionists and slavery supporters broke out in repeated violence, with whites attacking black people in 1829. Anti-abolitionists attacked black people in the city in a wave of destruction that resulted in 1,200 black people leaving the city and the country; they resettled in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The riot and its refugees were topics of discussion throughout the country, and black people organized the first Negro Convention in 1830 in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> to discuss these events. </p><p>White riots against black people took place again in Cincinnati in 1836 and 1842.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_187-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1836 a mob of 700 pro-slavery men attacked black neighborhoods, as well as a press run by <a href="/wiki/James_M._Birney" title="James M. Birney">James M. Birney</a>, publisher of the anti-slavery weekly <i>The Philanthropist</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tensions increased after congressional passage in 1850 of the <a href="/wiki/Fugitive_Slave_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Fugitive Slave Act">Fugitive Slave Act</a>, which required cooperation by citizens in free states and increased penalties for failing to try to recapture escaped slaves. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Levi_Coffin" title="Levi Coffin">Levi Coffin</a> made the Cincinnati area the center of his anti-slavery efforts in 1847.<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Beecher_Stowe" title="Harriet Beecher Stowe">Harriet Beecher Stowe</a> lived in Cincinnati for a time, met escaped slaves and used their stories as a basis for her novel <i><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Tom%27s_Cabin" title="Uncle Tom's Cabin">Uncle Tom's Cabin</a></i> (1852). The <a href="/wiki/National_Underground_Railroad_Freedom_Center" title="National Underground Railroad Freedom Center">National Underground Railroad Freedom Center</a>, which opened in 2004 on the Cincinnati riverfront in the middle of "<a href="/wiki/The_Banks,_Cincinnati" title="The Banks, Cincinnati">The Banks</a>" area between <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ballpark" class="mw-redirect" title="Great American Ballpark">Great American Ballpark</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Brown_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Brown Stadium">Paul Brown Stadium</a>, commemorates the volunteers who aided refugee slaves and their drive for freedom, as well as others who have been leaders for social justice. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Findlay_Market_Cincinnati.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Findlay_Market_Cincinnati.JPG/220px-Findlay_Market_Cincinnati.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Findlay_Market_Cincinnati.JPG/330px-Findlay_Market_Cincinnati.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Findlay_Market_Cincinnati.JPG/440px-Findlay_Market_Cincinnati.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2828" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Findlay_Market" title="Findlay Market">Findlay Market</a>, Ohio's oldest operating market</figcaption></figure> <p>Located in a free state and attracting many European immigrants, Cincinnati has historically had a predominantly white population.<sup id="cite_ref-pop_83-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1940, the Census Bureau reported the city's population as 87.8 percent white and 12.2 percent black.<sup id="cite_ref-pop_83-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the second half of the 20th century, Cincinnati, along with other <a href="/wiki/Rust_belt" class="mw-redirect" title="Rust belt">rust belt</a> cities, underwent a vast demographic transformation. By the early 21st century, the city's population was 40% black. Predominantly white, working-class families who constituted the urban core during the European immigration boom in the 19th and early 20th centuries, moved to newly constructed suburbs before and after World War II. Black people, fleeing the oppression of the <a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Crow">Jim Crow</a> South in hopes of better socioeconomic opportunity, had moved to these older city neighborhoods in their <a href="/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Great Migration (African American)">Great Migration</a> to the industrial North. The downturn in industry in the late 20th century caused a loss of many jobs, leaving many people in poverty and <a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Ohio" title="Homelessness in Ohio">homeless</a>. In 1968 passage of national civil rights legislation had raised hopes for positive change, but the assassination of national leader <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> resulted in riots in many black neighborhoods in Cincinnati; unrest occurred in black communities in nearly every major U.S. city after King's murder. </p><p>More than three decades later, in April 2001, racially charged <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_2001" title="Cincinnati riots of 2001">riots</a> occurred after police fatally shot a young unarmed black man, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_2001#Incident" title="Cincinnati riots of 2001">Timothy Thomas</a>, during a foot pursuit to arrest him, mostly for outstanding traffic warrants.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the 2001 riots, the ACLU, Cincinnati Black United Front, the city and its police union agreed upon a community-oriented policing strategy. The agreement has been used as a model across the country for building relationships between police and local communities.<sup id="cite_ref-collaborative_191-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-collaborative-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 19, 2015, <a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Samuel_DuBose" class="mw-redirect" title="Shooting of Samuel DuBose">Samuel DuBose</a>, an unarmed black motorist, was fatally shot by white University of Cincinnati Police Officer Ray Tensing after a routine traffic stop for a missing front license plate. The resulting legal proceedings in late 2016<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have been a recurring focus of national news media.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several protests involving the <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a> movement have been carried out.<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tensing was indicted on charges of murder and <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_manslaughter" title="Voluntary manslaughter">voluntary manslaughter</a>, but a November 2016 trial ended in <a href="/wiki/Mistrial_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistrial (law)">mistrial</a><sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the jury became <a href="/wiki/Hung_jury" title="Hung jury">deadlocked</a>. A retrial began in May 2017, which also ended in mistrial after deadlock. The prosecution then announced they did not plan to try Tensing a third time.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The University of Cincinnati has <a href="/wiki/Settlement_(litigation)" title="Settlement (litigation)">settled</a> with the DuBose family for $4.8 million<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and free tuition for each of the 12 children. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Cincinnati" title="Education in Cincinnati">Education in Cincinnati</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_education">Primary and secondary education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Summit_Country_Day_School,_Cincinnati.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Summit_Country_Day_School%2C_Cincinnati.jpg/220px-Summit_Country_Day_School%2C_Cincinnati.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Summit_Country_Day_School%2C_Cincinnati.jpg/330px-Summit_Country_Day_School%2C_Cincinnati.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Summit_Country_Day_School%2C_Cincinnati.jpg/440px-Summit_Country_Day_School%2C_Cincinnati.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3351" data-file-height="2513" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Summit_Country_Day_School" title="Summit Country Day School">Summit Country Day School</a> is one of sixteen <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cincinnati#Education" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati">Catholic high schools</a> in Cincinnati.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Public_Schools" title="Cincinnati Public Schools">Cincinnati Public Schools</a> (CPS) include sixteen high schools all with citywide acceptance. CPS, the third-largest school cluster by student population in Ohio, was the largest to have an overall 'effective' rating from the State.<sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="archive doesn't show any information and it would be nearly a decade out of date anyway (January 2024)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> The district currently includes public <a href="/wiki/Montessori_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Montessori method">Montessori schools</a>, including the first public Montessori high school established in the United States, <a href="/wiki/Clark_Montessori_High_School" title="Clark Montessori High School">Clark Montessori</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cincinnati Public Schools' top-rated school is <a href="/wiki/Walnut_Hills_High_School" title="Walnut Hills High School">Walnut Hills High School</a>, ranked 34th on the national list of best public schools by <i>Newsweek</i>. Walnut Hills offers 28 <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Placement" title="Advanced Placement">Advanced Placement</a> courses. Cincinnati is also home to the first Kindergarten – 12th grade Arts School in the country, the <a href="/wiki/School_for_Creative_and_Performing_Arts" title="School for Creative and Performing Arts">School for Creative and Performing Arts</a>. </p><p>The Jewish community has several schools, including the all-girl RITSS (Regional Institute for Torah and Secular Studies) high school,<sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the all-boy Yeshivas Lubavitch High School.<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cincinnati" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati</a> operates sixteen <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cincinnati#Education" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati">high schools</a> in Cincinnati, ten of which are <a href="/wiki/Single-sex_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Single-sex school">single-sex</a>. There are six all-female high schools<sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and four all-male high schools in the city, with additional schools in the metro area.<sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher_education">Higher education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Higher education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McMicken_Hall,_University_of_Cincinnati,_2005-08-19.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/McMicken_Hall%2C_University_of_Cincinnati%2C_2005-08-19.jpg/220px-McMicken_Hall%2C_University_of_Cincinnati%2C_2005-08-19.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/McMicken_Hall%2C_University_of_Cincinnati%2C_2005-08-19.jpg/330px-McMicken_Hall%2C_University_of_Cincinnati%2C_2005-08-19.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/McMicken_Hall%2C_University_of_Cincinnati%2C_2005-08-19.jpg/440px-McMicken_Hall%2C_University_of_Cincinnati%2C_2005-08-19.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a>'s College of Arts & Sciences</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Greater_Cincinnati_Collegiate_Connection" title="Greater Cincinnati Collegiate Connection">Greater Cincinnati Collegiate Connection</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Consortium" title="Consortium">consortium</a> consisting of all of the accredited colleges and universities in the Cincinnati area. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a> is a public research university founded in 1819. It is the oldest institution of higher education in Cincinnati and has an annual enrollment of over 50,000 students, making it the second largest university in Ohio.<sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is part of the <a href="/wiki/University_System_of_Ohio" title="University System of Ohio">University System of Ohio</a>. The university's primary uptown campus and medical campus are located in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Cincinnati_neighborhoods" title="List of Cincinnati neighborhoods">Heights</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corryville,_Cincinnati" title="Corryville, Cincinnati">Corryville</a> neighborhoods. The university is renowned in architecture and engineering, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a>, music, nursing, and <a href="/wiki/Social_science" title="Social science">social science</a>. Notable divisions include the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Cincinnati Medical Center">University of Cincinnati Medical Center</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati_%E2%80%93_College-Conservatory_of_Music" title="University of Cincinnati – College-Conservatory of Music">College-Conservatory of Music</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Xavier_University_(Cincinnati)" class="mw-redirect" title="Xavier University (Cincinnati)">Xavier University</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> college along with <a href="/wiki/Mount_St._Joseph_University" title="Mount St. Joseph University">Mount St. Joseph University</a>, was at one time affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Athenaeum_of_Ohio" title="Athenaeum of Ohio">Athenaeum of Ohio</a>, the seminary of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cincinnati" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati</a>. Xavier is primarily an <a href="/wiki/Undergraduate" class="mw-redirect" title="Undergraduate">undergraduate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a> institution based in the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Jesuit</a> tradition. <a href="/wiki/Antonelli_College" title="Antonelli College">Antonelli College</a>, a career training school, is based in Cincinnati with several satellite campuses in <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Union_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew Union College">Hebrew Union College</a> – Jewish Institute of Religion (HUC-JIR), founded by Isaac Mayer Wise, is a seminary for training of Reform rabbis and others religious. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_State_Technical_and_Community_College" title="Cincinnati State Technical and Community College">Cincinnati State Technical and Community College</a> is a small <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_technology" title="Institute of technology">technical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Community_colleges_in_the_United_States" title="Community colleges in the United States">community college</a> that includes the Midwest Culinary School. The <a href="/wiki/Art_Academy_of_Cincinnati" title="Art Academy of Cincinnati">Art Academy of Cincinnati</a>, nicknamed AAC was founded as the 'McMicken School of Design in 1869. Also located in Cincinnati were <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Christian_University" title="Cincinnati Christian University">Cincinnati Christian University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chatfield_College" title="Chatfield College">Chatfield College</a> before they permanently closed in 2019 and 2023, respectively. Five hundred years since <a href="/wiki/The_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Reformation">the Reformation</a> Cincinnati provided a global distinguished lecture marking the layout of books and research for stirred city goers<sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Art_Museum" title="Cincinnati Art Museum">Cincinnati Art Museum</a> staff built <i>Albrecht Durer: The Age of Reformation and Renaissance</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with more crafting by the university design, art, and architecture program given for the city.<sup id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libraries">Libraries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Libraries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city has an extensive library system, both the city's public libraries and university facilities. The <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_and_Hamilton_County_Public_Library" title="Cincinnati and Hamilton County Public Library">Cincinnati and Hamilton County Public Library</a> system was the second largest in the nation by number of holdings in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Healthcare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Cincinnati" title="Healthcare in Cincinnati">Healthcare in Cincinnati</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Media_in_Cincinnati" title="Media in Cincinnati">Media in Cincinnati</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati-enquirer-building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Cincinnati-enquirer-building.jpg/220px-Cincinnati-enquirer-building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Cincinnati-enquirer-building.jpg/330px-Cincinnati-enquirer-building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Cincinnati-enquirer-building.jpg/440px-Cincinnati-enquirer-building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1291" data-file-height="1033" /></a><figcaption>Headquarters of <a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a>, founded in 1841</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newspapers">Newspapers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Newspapers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cincinnati's daily newspaper is <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i>, which was established in 1841. The city is home to several alternative, weekly, and monthly publications, among which are free weekly print magazine publications including <i><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_CityBeat" title="Cincinnati CityBeat">CityBeat</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-210" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/TSJ_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="TSJ Media">La Jornada Latina</a></i>. The city's weekly African American newspaper, <i>The Cincinnati Herald</i>, was founded by Gerald Porter in 1955 and purchased by Sesh Communications in 1996. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WCPO_TV_Station_Building,_Walnut_Hills,_Cincinnati,_OH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/WCPO_TV_Station_Building%2C_Walnut_Hills%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg/220px-WCPO_TV_Station_Building%2C_Walnut_Hills%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/WCPO_TV_Station_Building%2C_Walnut_Hills%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg/330px-WCPO_TV_Station_Building%2C_Walnut_Hills%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/WCPO_TV_Station_Building%2C_Walnut_Hills%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg/440px-WCPO_TV_Station_Building%2C_Walnut_Hills%2C_Cincinnati%2C_OH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a> studios in <a href="/wiki/Mount_Adams,_Cincinnati" title="Mount Adams, Cincinnati">Mount Adams</a></figcaption></figure><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Media_Research" title="Nielsen Media Research">Nielsen Media Research</a>, Cincinnati is the 36th largest <a href="/wiki/Media_market" title="Media market">television market</a> in the United States as of the 2021 television season<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twelve television stations broadcast from Cincinnati. Major commercial stations in the area include <a href="/wiki/WLWT" title="WLWT">WLWT</a> 5 (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>), <a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a> 9 (<a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>), <a href="/wiki/WKRC-TV" title="WKRC-TV">WKRC-TV</a> 12 (<a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, with <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">CW</a> on DT2), <a href="/wiki/WXIX-TV" title="WXIX-TV">WXIX-TV</a> 19 (<a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>), <a href="/wiki/WSTR-TV" title="WSTR-TV">WSTR-TV</a> 64 (<a href="/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MyNetworkTV</a>), and <a href="/wiki/WBQC-LD" title="WBQC-LD">WBQC-LD</a> 25 (<a href="/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a>), which is a sister station to WXIX-TV through owner Gray Television's purchase of the station. <a href="/wiki/WCET_(TV)" title="WCET (TV)">WCET</a> channel 48, now known as CET, is the United States' oldest licensed public television station (License #1, issued in 1951).<sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is now co-owned with <a href="/wiki/WPTD" title="WPTD">WPTO</a> 14, a satellite of <a href="/wiki/WPTD" title="WPTD">WPTD</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton</a>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_stations_in_Cincinnati" title="Category:Radio stations in Cincinnati">Category:Radio stations in Cincinnati</a></div> <p>As of September 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Cincinnati is the 33rd largest <a href="/wiki/Media_market" title="Media market">radio market</a> in the United States, with an estimated 1.8 million listeners aged 12 and above.<sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Major radio station operators include <a href="/wiki/IHeartMedia" title="IHeartMedia">iHeartMedia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cumulus_Media" title="Cumulus Media">Cumulus Media</a>. <a href="/wiki/WLW" title="WLW">WLW</a> and <a href="/wiki/WCKY_(AM)" title="WCKY (AM)">WCKY</a>, both owned by iHeartMedia, are both <a href="/wiki/Clear-channel_station" title="Clear-channel station">clear-channel stations</a> that broadcast at 50,000 watts, covering most of the eastern United States at night. <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Public_Radio" title="Cincinnati Public Radio">Cincinnati Public Radio</a> includes <a href="/wiki/WVXU" title="WVXU">WVXU</a> for news (an <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> member station) and <a href="/wiki/WGUC" title="WGUC">WGUC</a> for classical music. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online">Online</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Online"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Soul Serum is a Cincinnati-based promotion and production company that provides the local music scene with live shows, music videos, podcasts, and more.<sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Cincinnati" title="Transportation in Cincinnati">Transportation in Cincinnati</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_Rotunda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_Rotunda.jpg/220px-Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_Rotunda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_Rotunda.jpg/330px-Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_Rotunda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_Rotunda.jpg/440px-Cincinnati_Union_Terminal_Rotunda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Cincinnati Union Terminal</a> serves <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(train)" title="Cardinal (train)">Cardinal</a></i> line and houses several museums.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cincinnati has several standard modes of transportation including sidewalks, roads, public transit, bicycle paths and airports. The city's hills preclude the regular <a href="/wiki/Street_grid" class="mw-redirect" title="Street grid">street grid</a> common to many cities built up in the 19th century, and outside of the downtown basin, regular street grids are rare except for in patches of flat land where they are small and oriented according to topography. </p><p>Most trips are made by car, with transit and bicycles having a relatively low share of total trips; in a region of just over 2 million people, less than 80,000 trips were made with transit on an average day in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like many other Midwestern cities, however, bicycle use grew rapidly in the 2000s and 2010s.<sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city of Cincinnati has a higher than average percentage of households without a car. In 2015, 19.3 percent of Cincinnati households lacked a car and the figure increased slightly, to 21.2 percent, in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Cincinnati averaged 1.3 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.<sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The development of a <a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">light rail</a> system had long been a goal for Cincinnati, with several proposals emerging over many decades. The city grew rapidly during its <a href="/wiki/Streetcars_in_Cincinnati" title="Streetcars in Cincinnati">streetcar era</a> of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is today served by the <a href="/wiki/Connector_(Cincinnati)" title="Connector (Cincinnati)">Connector</a>. In 1917, citizens voted to spend $6 million (~$116 million in 2023) to build the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Subway" title="Cincinnati Subway">Cincinnati Subway</a>. The subway was planned to be a 16-mile (26 km) loop around the city hitting the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/St._Bernard,_Ohio" title="St. Bernard, Ohio">St. Bernard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Ohio" title="Norwood, Ohio">Norwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oakley,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakley, Ohio">Oakley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyde Park, Ohio">Hyde Park</a> before returning Downtown.<sup id="cite_ref-218" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> delayed commencement of construction until 1920 and inflation raised the cost to over $13 million (~$150 million in 2023), causing the Oakley portion never to be built. Mayor <a href="/wiki/Murray_Seasongood" title="Murray Seasongood">Murray Seasongood</a>, who took office later in the decade, argued it would cost too much money to finish the system, and construction stalled after the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">Wall Street Crash of 1929</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transportation">Public transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Public transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cincinnati_Bell_Connector_on_Race_St_at_Glass_Alley_(2017).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Cincinnati_Bell_Connector_on_Race_St_at_Glass_Alley_%282017%29.jpg/220px-Cincinnati_Bell_Connector_on_Race_St_at_Glass_Alley_%282017%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Cincinnati_Bell_Connector_on_Race_St_at_Glass_Alley_%282017%29.jpg/330px-Cincinnati_Bell_Connector_on_Race_St_at_Glass_Alley_%282017%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Cincinnati_Bell_Connector_on_Race_St_at_Glass_Alley_%282017%29.jpg/440px-Cincinnati_Bell_Connector_on_Race_St_at_Glass_Alley_%282017%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2699" data-file-height="1817" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Connector_(Cincinnati)" title="Connector (Cincinnati)">Connector</a> streetcar line was established in 2016.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Connector_(Cincinnati)" title="Connector (Cincinnati)">Connector</a> streetcar line in Downtown and <a href="/wiki/Over-the-Rhine" title="Over-the-Rhine">Over-the-Rhine</a> opened for service on September 9, 2016, crossing directly above the unfinished subway on Central Parkway downtown.<sup id="cite_ref-WVXU-2016sep9_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WVXU-2016sep9-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cinc-enq-2016sep9_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cinc-enq-2016sep9-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-219" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-220" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-221" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-223" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today the streetcar boasts over 3.5 miles of track and 16 hours of service per day on weekdays.<sup id="cite_ref-224" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had an annual ridership of over 846,000 in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-225" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cincinnati is served by the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Ohio_Regional_Transit_Authority" title="Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority">Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority</a> (SORTA), the <a href="/wiki/Transit_Authority_of_Northern_Kentucky" title="Transit Authority of Northern Kentucky">Transit Authority of Northern Kentucky</a> (TANK) and the <a href="/wiki/Clermont_Transportation_Connection" title="Clermont Transportation Connection">Clermont Transportation Connection</a>. SORTA and TANK primarily operate 40-foot (12 m) diesel buses, though some lines are served by longer articulated or hybrid-engine buses. SORTA buses operate under the "Metro" name and are referred to by locals as such. </p><p>A system of public staircases known as the <a href="/wiki/Steps_of_Cincinnati" title="Steps of Cincinnati">Steps of Cincinnati</a> guides pedestrians up and down the city's many hills. In addition to practical use linking hillside neighborhoods, the 400 stairways provide visitors with scenic views of the Cincinnati area.<sup id="cite_ref-226" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-226"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cincinnati is served by <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(train)" title="Cardinal (train)">Cardinal</a></i>, an intercity passenger train which makes three weekly trips in each direction between Chicago and New York City through <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Cincinnati Union Terminal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roadways">Roadways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Roadways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_Washington_Way_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Fort_Washington_Way_at_night.jpg/220px-Fort_Washington_Way_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Fort_Washington_Way_at_night.jpg/330px-Fort_Washington_Way_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Fort_Washington_Way_at_night.jpg/440px-Fort_Washington_Way_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fort_Washington_Way" title="Fort Washington Way">Fort Washington Way</a>, one of Cincinnati's major freeways</figcaption></figure> <p>Bus traffic is heavy in Cincinnati. Several motor coach companies operate out of Cincinnati, making trips within the Midwest and beyond. The city has a <a href="/wiki/Orbital_road" class="mw-redirect" title="Orbital road">beltway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_275_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 275 (Ohio)">Interstate 275</a> (which is the third-longest beltway overall in the United States at 85 miles or 137 kilometers) and a spur, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_471" title="Interstate 471">Interstate 471</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>. It is also served by <a href="/wiki/Interstate_71_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 71 (Ohio)">Interstate 71</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_74_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 74 (Ohio)">Interstate 74</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_75_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 75 (Ohio)">Interstate 75</a> and numerous U.S. highways: <a href="/wiki/U.S._Highway_22_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Highway 22 (Ohio)">US 22</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Highway_25_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Highway 25 (Ohio)">US 25</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Highway_27_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Highway 27 (Ohio)">US 27</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Highway_42_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Highway 42 (Ohio)">US 42</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_50_in_Ohio" title="U.S. Route 50 in Ohio">US 50</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Highway_52_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Highway 52 (Ohio)">US 52</a>, and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Highway_127_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Highway 127 (Ohio)">US 127</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Riverfront_Transit_Center" title="Riverfront Transit Center">Riverfront Transit Center</a>, built underneath 2nd Street, is about the size of eight football fields. It is only used for sporting events and school field trips. At its construction, it was designed for public transit buses, charter buses, school buses, city coach buses, light rail, and possibly commuter rail. When not in use for sporting events, it is closed off and rented to a private parking vendor.<sup id="cite_ref-227" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-228" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-228"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-229" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-229"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>226<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is served by <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati/Northern_Kentucky_International_Airport" title="Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport">Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport</a> (<a href="/wiki/IATA" class="mw-redirect" title="IATA">IATA</a>: <b>CVG</b>) which is located in <a href="/wiki/Hebron,_Kentucky" title="Hebron, Kentucky">Hebron, Kentucky</a>. The airport is a focus city for <a href="/wiki/Allegiant_Air" title="Allegiant Air">Allegiant Air</a> and a global cargo hub for both <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Air" title="Amazon Air">Amazon Air</a> and <a href="/wiki/DHL_Aviation" title="DHL Aviation">DHL Aviation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>227<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The airport offers non-stop passenger service to over 50 destinations in North America and to European cities including <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> and <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-231"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CVG is the 6th busiest airport in the United States by cargo traffic and is additionally the fastest-growing cargo airport in North America. </p><p>Other airports include <a href="/wiki/Lunken_Airport" title="Lunken Airport">Cincinnati Municipal Lunken Airport</a> (<a href="/wiki/IATA" class="mw-redirect" title="IATA">IATA</a>: LUK) which has daily service on commercial charter flights. The airport serves as a hub for <a href="/wiki/Ultimate_Air_Shuttle" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultimate Air Shuttle">Ultimate Air Shuttle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flamingo_Air_(Cincinnati_airline)" title="Flamingo Air (Cincinnati airline)">Flamingo Air</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Cincinnati" title="List of people from Cincinnati">List of people from Cincinnati</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cincinnati's <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">sister cities</a> are:<sup id="cite_ref-232" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-232"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-233" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-233"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>230<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan"><img alt="Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Amman" title="Amman">Amman</a>, Jordan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gifu" title="Gifu">Gifu</a>, Japan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe"><img alt="Zimbabwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Harare" title="Harare">Harare</a>, Zimbabwe</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>, Ukraine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liuzhou" title="Liuzhou">Liuzhou</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mysore" title="Mysore">Mysore</a>, India</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nancy,_France" title="Nancy, France">Nancy</a>, France</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Taipei_City" title="New Taipei City">New Taipei</a>, Taiwan</li></ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_Plan_for_Cincinnati" title="City Plan for Cincinnati">City Plan for Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cincinnati" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cincinnati">National Register of Historic Places listings in Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Cincinnati" title="USS Cincinnati">USS <i>Cincinnati</i></a>, 5 ships</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vine_Street,_Cincinnati" title="Vine Street, Cincinnati">Vine Street, Cincinnati</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cincinnati's connection with Rome still exists today through its nickname of "The City of Seven Hills"<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (a phrase commonly associated with Rome) and the town twinning program of <a href="/wiki/Sister_Cities_International" title="Sister Cities International">Sister Cities International</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Official records for Cincinnati kept at downtown from January 1871 to March 1915, at the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Observatory" title="Cincinnati Observatory">Cincinnati Abbe Observatory</a> just north of downtown from April 1915 to March 1947, and at KCVG near Hebron, Kentucky since April 1947. For more information, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://threadex.rcc-acis.org">Threadex</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mrcc.sws.uiuc.edu/FORTS/histories/OH_Cincinnati_Conner.pdf">History of Weather Observations Cincinnati, Ohio 1789–1947</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Luten_1970-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Luten_1970_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Luten_1970_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLuten1970" class="citation news cs1">Luten, Winifred (January 11, 1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/11/archives/how-losantiville-became-the-athens-of-the-west.html">"How Losantiville Became The Athens of the West"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. 411. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200619184414/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/11/archives/how-losantiville-became-the-athens-of-the-west.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2020</span> – via The New York Times Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=How+Losantiville+Became+The+Athens+of+the+West&rft.pages=411&rft.date=1970-01-11&rft.aulast=Luten&rft.aufirst=Winifred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1970%2F01%2F11%2Farchives%2Fhow-losantiville-became-the-athens-of-the-west.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreve190427-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreve190427_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreve1904">Greve 1904</a>, p. 27: "The act to incorporate the town of Cincinnati was passed at the first session of the second General Assembly held at Chillicothe and approved by Governor St. Clair on January 1, 1802."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreve1904">Greve 1904</a>, pp. 507–508: "This act was passed February 5, 2851, and by virtue of a curative act passed three days later took effect on March 1, of the same year."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TigerWebMapServer-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TigerWebMapServer_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer">"ArcGIS REST Services Directory"</a>. United States Census Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220119173812/https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ArcGIS+REST+Services+Directory&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftigerweb.geo.census.gov%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices%2FTIGERweb%2FPlaces_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD%2FMapServer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gnis-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gnis_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gnis_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/1086201">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Cincinnati</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2023_pop_est-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2023_pop_est_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023_pop_est_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023_pop_est_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/cincinnaticityohio/RHI225222">"QuickFacts Cincinnati city, Ohio"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 16,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QuickFacts+Cincinnati+city%2C+Ohio&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2Fcincinnaticityohio%2FRHI225222&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/RGMP17140">"Total Real Gross Domestic Product for Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN (MSA)"</a>. <i>fred.stlouisfed.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191021021432/https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/RGMP17140">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fred.stlouisfed.org&rft.atitle=Total+Real+Gross+Domestic+Product+for+Cincinnati%2C+OH-KY-IN+%28MSA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffred.stlouisfed.org%2Fseries%2FRGMP17140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupAction!input.action">"Zip Code Lookup"</a>. USPS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120211202238/https://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupAction!input.action">Archived</a> from the original on February 11, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zip+Code+Lookup&rft.pub=USPS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.usps.com%2Fgo%2FZipLookupAction%21input.action&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GR2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GR2_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/">"U.S. Census website"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150512074548/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/08000.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Census+website&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GR6-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GR6_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110608061745/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx">"Find a County"</a>. National Association of Counties. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx">the original</a> on June 8, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Find+a+County&rft.pub=National+Association+of+Counties&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naco.org%2FCounties%2FPages%2FFindACounty.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PopEstCBSA-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PopEstCBSA_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html">"2020 Population and Housing State Data"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Population Division. August 12, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210824081449/https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 24, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+Population+and+Housing+State+Data&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau%2C+Population+Division&rft.date=2021-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fvisualizations%2Finteractive%2F2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120419145025/http://www.building-cincinnati.com/2010/04/when-cincinnati-was-paris-of-america.html">"When Cincinnati was 'the Paris of America'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Building Cincinnati</i>. April 19, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.building-cincinnati.com/2010/04/when-cincinnati-was-paris-of-america.html">the original</a> on April 19, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Building+Cincinnati&rft.atitle=When+Cincinnati+was+%27the+Paris+of+America%27&rft.date=2010-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.building-cincinnati.com%2F2010%2F04%2Fwhen-cincinnati-was-paris-of-america.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/picturesquecinci00daws"><i>Picturesque Cincinnati</i></a>. Cincinnati, Ohio: John Shillito Company. 1883. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/picturesquecinci00daws/page/154">154</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3402849">3402849</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Picturesque+Cincinnati&rft.place=Cincinnati%2C+Ohio&rft.pages=154&rft.pub=John+Shillito+Company&rft.date=1883&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3402849&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpicturesquecinci00daws&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2016" class="citation news cs1">Peterson, Lucas (July 13, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180216112849/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/13/travel/cincinnati-budget-travel.html">"From Chili to the Underground Railroad, Cincinnati on a Budget"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/13/travel/cincinnati-budget-travel.html">the original</a> on February 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=From+Chili+to+the+Underground+Railroad%2C+Cincinnati+on+a+Budget&rft.date=2016-07-13&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Lucas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F07%2F13%2Ftravel%2Fcincinnati-budget-travel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2010" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, Michael D. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-qwjCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT65">"Side-Door Sundays in the Paris of America"</a>. <i>Over-the-Rhine: When Beer Was King</i>. Arcadia Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781614231981" title="Special:BookSources/9781614231981"><bdi>9781614231981</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327031823/https://books.google.com/books?id=-qwjCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT65#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Side-Door+Sundays+in+the+Paris+of+America&rft.btitle=Over-the-Rhine%3A+When+Beer+Was+King&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781614231981&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Michael+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-qwjCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-cincinnati1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cincinnati1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cincinnati1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/money/2015/09/23/cincinnati-economy-fastest-growing-midwest/72689970/">"Cincinnati economy fastest-growing in the Midwest"</a>. <i>Cincinnati.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022054127/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/money/2015/09/23/cincinnati-economy-fastest-growing-midwest/72689970/">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+economy+fastest-growing+in+the+Midwest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fmoney%2F2015%2F09%2F23%2Fcincinnati-economy-fastest-growing-midwest%2F72689970%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRieselman" class="citation web cs1">Rieselman, Deborah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://magazine.uc.edu/editors_picks/fun/briefhistory.html">"Brief history of University of Cincinnati"</a>. <i>UC Magazine</i>. University of Cincinnati University Relations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170219091343/http://magazine.uc.edu/editors_picks/fun/briefhistory.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 19, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UC+Magazine&rft.atitle=Brief+history+of+University+of+Cincinnati&rft.aulast=Rieselman&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmagazine.uc.edu%2Feditors_picks%2Ffun%2Fbriefhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeetor1885" class="citation journal cs1">Teetor, Henry Benton (May–October 1885). "Israel Ludlow and the naming of Cincinnati". <i><a href="/wiki/Magazine_of_Western_History" title="Magazine of Western History">Magazine of Western History</a></i>. <b>2</b>. Cleveland: 251–257. <q>The fair and reasonable presumption is that after consultation (certainly with Ludlow, the surveyor of the town, the proprietor of a two-thirds' interest in his own right, and as agent of <a href="/wiki/Mathias_Denman" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathias Denman">Denman</a>), St. Clair adopted the name suggested by Ludlow—a name which, as may seen from the following testimony, was not only mentioned for more than a year prior to the coming of St. Clair, but was selected and adopted by Denman, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Patterson_(pioneer)" title="Robert Patterson (pioneer)">Patterson</a> and Ludlow in the winter of 1788–9, and was inscribed upon the plat made by Ludlow to take the place of the one first made by <a href="/wiki/John_Filson" title="John Filson">Filson</a>, which was destroyed in a personal altercation between Colonel Ludlow and Joel Williams.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magazine+of+Western+History&rft.atitle=Israel+Ludlow+and+the+naming+of+Cincinnati&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=251-257&rft.date=1885-05%2F1885-10&rft.aulast=Teetor&rft.aufirst=Henry+Benton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Suess_2013-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Suess_2013_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuess2013" class="citation news cs1">Suess, Jeff (December 28, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati.com/story/ourhistory/2013/12/28/cincinnatis-beginning-the-origin-of-the-settlement-that-became-this-city/5363707/">"Cincinnati's beginning: The origin of the settlement that became this city"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190317115042/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/ourhistory/2013/12/28/cincinnatis-beginning-the-origin-of-the-settlement-that-became-this-city/5363707/">Archived</a> from the original on March 17, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2018</span>. <q>On Jan. 2, 1790, Gen. Arthur St. Clair, governor of the Northwest Territory, came to inspect Fort Washington. He was pleased with the fort but disliked the name Losantiville. Two days later, he changed it to Cincinnati, after the Society of the Cincinnati, a military society for officers in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Cincinnati%27s+beginning%3A+The+origin+of+the+settlement+that+became+this+city&rft.date=2013-12-28&rft.aulast=Suess&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fourhistory%2F2013%2F12%2F28%2Fcincinnatis-beginning-the-origin-of-the-settlement-that-became-this-city%2F5363707%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-city-ws-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-city-ws_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-city-ws_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060928142621/https://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/crc/pages/-5928-/">"How Cincinnati Became A City"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/crc/pages/-5928-/">the original</a> on September 28, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Cincinnati+Became+A+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Fcrc%2Fpages%2F-5928-%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.factinate.com/interesting/46-interesting-facts-ancient-rome-2/15?fact=1">"46 Interesting Facts about Ancient Rome – Page 15 of 44"</a>. April 6, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180623193851/https://www.factinate.com/interesting/46-interesting-facts-ancient-rome-2/15?fact=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=46+Interesting+Facts+about+Ancient+Rome+%E2%80%93+Page+15+of+44&rft.date=2017-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.factinate.com%2Finteresting%2F46-interesting-facts-ancient-rome-2%2F15%3Ffact%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Suess-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Suess_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuess2013" class="citation web cs1">Suess, Jeff (December 28, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati.com/story/ourhistory/2013/12/28/cincinnatis-beginning-the-origin-of-the-settlement-that-became-this-city/5363707/">"Cincinnati's beginning: The origin of the settlement that became this city"</a>. <i>Cincinnati.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190317115042/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/ourhistory/2013/12/28/cincinnatis-beginning-the-origin-of-the-settlement-that-became-this-city/5363707/">Archived</a> from the original on March 17, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=Cincinnati%27s+beginning%3A+The+origin+of+the+settlement+that+became+this+city&rft.date=2013-12-28&rft.aulast=Suess&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fourhistory%2F2013%2F12%2F28%2Fcincinnatis-beginning-the-origin-of-the-settlement-that-became-this-city%2F5363707%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/local/atoz/upsanddowns.html">"Cincinnati.com"</a>. <i>Cincinnati.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060629225959/http://www.cincinnati.com/local/atoz/upsanddowns.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=Cincinnati.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Flocal%2Fatoz%2Fupsanddowns.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLossing1868" class="citation book cs1">Lossing, Benson (1868). <i>The Pictorial Field-Book of the War of 1812</i>. Harper & Brothers, Publishers. p. 476.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pictorial+Field-Book+of+the+War+of+1812&rft.pages=476&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers%2C+Publishers&rft.date=1868&rft.aulast=Lossing&rft.aufirst=Benson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_Cincinnati-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_of_Cincinnati_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924032193520"><i>History of Cincinnati, Ohio</i></a>. Cleveland, O., L.A. Williams & Co. 1881. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170522164145/https://archive.org/details/cu31924032193520">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Cincinnati%2C+Ohio&rft.pub=Cleveland%2C+O.%2C+L.A.+Williams+%26+Co.&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcu31924032193520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cincinnati: The Queen City <i>Bicentennial Edition</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-911497-11-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-911497-11-0">0-911497-11-0</a>, Cincinnati Historical Society, 1988, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuess" class="citation web cs1">Suess, Jeff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2017/10/11/our-history-who-cincinnatus-inspiration-citys-name/752548001/">"Our history: Who was Cincinnatus, inspiration for city's name?"</a>. <i>The Enquirer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210505231650/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2017/10/11/our-history-who-cincinnatus-inspiration-citys-name/752548001/">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Our+history%3A+Who+was+Cincinnatus%2C+inspiration+for+city%27s+name%3F&rft.aulast=Suess&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2017%2F10%2F11%2Four-history-who-cincinnatus-inspiration-citys-name%2F752548001%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreve1904507–508-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreve1904507–508_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreve1904">Greve 1904</a>, pp. 507–508.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_United_States_Census_Bureau-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_United_States_Census_Bureau_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_United_States_Census_Bureau_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070714032017/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027.html">"Population of the 100 largest cities 1790–1990"</a>. The United States Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027.html">the original</a> on July 14, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+of+the+100+largest+cities+1790%E2%80%931990&rft.pub=The+United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fwww%2Fdocumentation%2Ftwps0027.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Condit-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Condit_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Condit_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Condit_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCondit1977" class="citation book cs1">Condit, Carl W. (1977). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/railroadcitytech0000cond"><i>The Railroad and the City: A Technological and Urbanistic History of Cincinnati</i></a></span>. Ohio State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814202654" title="Special:BookSources/9780814202654"><bdi>9780814202654</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Railroad+and+the+City%3A+A+Technological+and+Urbanistic+History+of+Cincinnati&rft.pub=Ohio+State+University+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=9780814202654&rft.aulast=Condit&rft.aufirst=Carl+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frailroadcitytech0000cond&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vexler-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vexler_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vexler_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVexler1975" class="citation book cs1">Vexler, Robert (1975). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cincinnatichrono0000vexl"><i>Cincinnati: A Chronological & Documentary History</i></a></span>. Oceana Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0379006030" title="Special:BookSources/0379006030"><bdi>0379006030</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/643609645">643609645</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%3A+A+Chronological+%26+Documentary+History&rft.pub=Oceana+Publications&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F643609645&rft.isbn=0379006030&rft.aulast=Vexler&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcincinnatichrono0000vexl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuess" class="citation web cs1">Suess, Jeff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2020/12/22/why-cincinnati-called-queen-city/4007103001/">"Why is Cincinnati called the Queen City?"</a>. <i>The Enquirer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125145038/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2020/12/22/why-cincinnati-called-queen-city/4007103001/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Why+is+Cincinnati+called+the+Queen+City%3F&rft.aulast=Suess&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2020%2F12%2F22%2Fwhy-cincinnati-called-queen-city%2F4007103001%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnatimagazine.com/citywiseblog/lost-city-underground-railroad/">"Lost City: Underground Railroad Sites - Cincinnati Magazine"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Magazine</i>. May 18, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181118012505/http://www.cincinnatimagazine.com/citywiseblog/lost-city-underground-railroad/">Archived</a> from the original on November 18, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Magazine&rft.atitle=Lost+City%3A+Underground+Railroad+Sites+-+Cincinnati+Magazine&rft.date=2017-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnatimagazine.com%2Fcitywiseblog%2Flost-city-underground-railroad%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWessels2012" class="citation news cs1">Wessels, Joe (February 16, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ohio-museum-idUSTRE81F04320120216">"National Underground Railroad Freedom Center plans to merge"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210502031633/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ohio-museum-idUSTRE81F04320120216">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=National+Underground+Railroad+Freedom+Center+plans+to+merge&rft.date=2012-02-16&rft.aulast=Wessels&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-ohio-museum-idUSTRE81F04320120216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Exhibit_commemorates_the_streetcar_era-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Exhibit_commemorates_the_streetcar_era_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neill2001" class="citation news cs1">O'Neill, Tom (August 18, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enquirer.com/editions/2001/08/18/loc_exhibit_commemorates.html">"Exhibit commemorates the streetcar era"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327031825/https://www.cincinnati.com/">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Exhibit+commemorates+the+streetcar+era&rft.date=2001-08-18&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enquirer.com%2Feditions%2F2001%2F08%2F18%2Floc_exhibit_commemorates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABrief1907-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ABrief1907_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevenson1907" class="citation book cs1">Stevenson, Katharine Lent (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=edIvAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA11">"1875-Cincinnati"</a>. <i>A Brief History of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union: Outline Course of Study for Local Unions</i> (Third ed.). Evanston, Illinois: Union Signal. pp. 11–13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231003143850/https://books.google.com/books?id=edIvAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA11">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1875-Cincinnati&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+the+Woman%27s+Christian+Temperance+Union%3A+Outline+Course+of+Study+for+Local+Unions&rft.place=Evanston%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=11-13&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Union+Signal&rft.date=1907&rft.aulast=Stevenson&rft.aufirst=Katharine+Lent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DedIvAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWetterich2019" class="citation web cs1">Wetterich, Chris (February 8, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2019/02/08/city-owned-railroad-no-not-that-one-will-fund-more.html">"City-owned railroad (no, not that one) will fund more housing"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Business Courier</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210618170107/https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2019/02/08/city-owned-railroad-no-not-that-one-will-fund-more.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Business+Courier&rft.atitle=City-owned+railroad+%28no%2C+not+that+one%29+will+fund+more+housing&rft.date=2019-02-08&rft.aulast=Wetterich&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fcincinnati%2Fnews%2F2019%2F02%2F08%2Fcity-owned-railroad-no-not-that-one-will-fund-more.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.progressiverailroading.com/norfolk_southern/news/NS-city-close-sale-of-Cincinnati-Southern-Railway--71494">"NS, City close sale of Cincinnati Southern Railway"</a>. <i>Progressive Railroading</i>. March 19, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Progressive+Railroading&rft.atitle=NS%2C+City+close+sale+of+Cincinnati+Southern+Railway&rft.date=2024-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.progressiverailroading.com%2Fnorfolk_southern%2Fnews%2FNS-city-close-sale-of-Cincinnati-Southern-Railway--71494&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStradling200367-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStradling200367_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStradling2003">Stradling 2003</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/our-community/from-the-vault/from-the-vault-great-ohio-river-flood-of-1937-was-biggest-event-in-tri-state-history">"WATCH: Flood of 1937 in one-of-a-kind video"</a>. <i>WCPO</i>. January 21, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210502105858/https://www.wcpo.com/news/our-community/from-the-vault/from-the-vault-great-ohio-river-flood-of-1937-was-biggest-event-in-tri-state-history">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WCPO&rft.atitle=WATCH%3A+Flood+of+1937+in+one-of-a-kind+video&rft.date=2016-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Four-community%2Ffrom-the-vault%2Ffrom-the-vault-great-ohio-river-flood-of-1937-was-biggest-event-in-tri-state-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Congress_Senate_Committee_on_Banking,_Housing,_and_Urban_Affairs_Subcommittee_on_Housing_and_Urban_Affairs1973" class="citation book cs1">United States Congress Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on Housing and Urban Affairs (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WpBKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA35"><i>Oversight on Housing and Urban Development Programs, Washington, D.C.: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Housing and Urban Affairs of the Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, Ninety-third Congress, First Session</i></a>. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 35. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327031824/https://books.google.com/books?id=WpBKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA35#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oversight+on+Housing+and+Urban+Development+Programs%2C+Washington%2C+D.C.%3A+Hearings+Before+the+Subcommittee+on+Housing+and+Urban+Affairs+of+the+Committee+on+Banking%2C+Housing+and+Urban+Affairs%2C+United+States+Senate%2C+Ninety-third+Congress%2C+First+Session&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1973&rft.au=United+States+Congress+Senate+Committee+on+Banking%2C+Housing%2C+and+Urban+Affairs+Subcommittee+on+Housing+and+Urban+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWpBKAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Close to home: Across the region, dozens of sites have historic ties to the Underground Railroad</i>, <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>, Sunday, August 15, 2004, "The poet Longfellow, recognizing the town's rising stature, immortalized Cincinnati as the "Queen City of the West". <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/freetime/nurfc/D1_monlede.html">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160425102258/http://www2.cincinnati.com/freetime/nurfc/D1_monlede.html">Archived</a> April 25, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> accessed May 3, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Museum_FAQ-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Museum_FAQ_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.cincymuseum.org/cinfaq7menu.htm">"Frequently Asked Questions about Cincinnati, Ohio"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131101211551/http://library.cincymuseum.org/cinfaq7menu.htm">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions+about+Cincinnati%2C+Ohio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.cincymuseum.org%2Fcinfaq7menu.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Discount_Blue_Chip-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Discount_Blue_Chip_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3092/is_n11_v27/ai_6387266">"Cincinnati: many discounters say it's a 'blue chip' investment"</a>. <i>Discount Store News</i>. 1988. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090527091202/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3092/is_n11_v27/ai_6387266/">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Discount+Store+News&rft.atitle=Cincinnati%3A+many+discounters+say+it%27s+a+%27blue+chip%27+investment&rft.date=1988&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m3092%2Fis_n11_v27%2Fai_6387266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBC_Lawley-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CBC_Lawley_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawley1998" class="citation news cs1">Lawley, Lauren (July 17, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cincinnati.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/1998/07/20/story5.html">"Cookie firm swallows parent: The local Blue Chip Cookies franchisee is buying the company's San Francisco franchiser"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Business_Courier" title="Cincinnati Business Courier">Cincinnati Business Courier</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Advance_Publications#American_City_Business_Journals" title="Advance Publications">American City Business Journals</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130118052853/http://cincinnati.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/1998/07/20/story5.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 18, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2008</span>. <q>In 1984, the Greater Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce began its 'Blue Chip City' campaign, a marketing strategy it continued through last year.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Business+Courier&rft.atitle=Cookie+firm+swallows+parent%3A+The+local+Blue+Chip+Cookies+franchisee+is+buying+the+company%27s+San+Francisco+franchiser&rft.date=1998-07-17&rft.aulast=Lawley&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcincinnati.bizjournals.com%2Fcincinnati%2Fstories%2F1998%2F07%2F20%2Fstory5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enquirer.com/editions/2001/03/11/loc_great_cities.html">"Great cities test: How does Cincinnati stack up to its regional rivals?"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. March 11, 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120729162245/http://www.enquirer.com/editions/2001/03/11/loc_great_cities.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Cincinnati's dated 'Blue Chip City' nickname is being replaced with 'Let the spirit move you.' To where?</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Great+cities+test%3A+How+does+Cincinnati+stack+up+to+its+regional+rivals%3F&rft.date=2001-03-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enquirer.com%2Feditions%2F2001%2F03%2F11%2Floc_great_cities.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Enquirer_Ups_downs-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Enquirer_Ups_downs_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060629225959/http://www.cincinnati.com/local/atoz/upsanddowns.html">"Ups and downs: The hills are alive, but don't try counting"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/local/atoz/upsanddowns.html">the original</a> on June 29, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Ups+and+downs%3A+The+hills+are+alive%2C+but+don%27t+try+counting&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Flocal%2Fatoz%2Fupsanddowns.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160324194347/http://www.church-of-ouzo.com/pdf/public-library-of-cincinnati.pdf">"Letter from Alfred Kleinne-Krautzmann to Robert M. Evanson"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. May 7, 1990. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.church-of-ouzo.com/pdf/public-library-of-cincinnati.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letter+from+Alfred+Kleinne-Krautzmann+to+Robert+M.+Evanson&rft.date=1990-05-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.church-of-ouzo.com%2Fpdf%2Fpublic-library-of-cincinnati.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.cincymuseum.org/cinfaq7menu.htm">"Cincinnati FAQs | Cincinnati History Library and Archives"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131101211551/http://library.cincymuseum.org/cinfaq7menu.htm">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+FAQs+%26%23124%3B+Cincinnati+History+Library+and+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.cincymuseum.org%2Fcinfaq7menu.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark,_S._J.1912" class="citation book cs1">Clark, S. J. (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-hB6AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA334"><i>Cincinnati, the Queen City, 1788–1912, Volume 2</i></a>. The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. p. 334. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327031927/https://books.google.com/books?id=-hB6AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA334#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%2C+the+Queen+City%2C+1788%E2%80%931912%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=334&rft.pub=The+S.+J.+Clarke+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1912&rft.au=Clark%2C+S.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-hB6AAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080926034617/http://www.keepcincinnatibeautiful.org/Programs/dttn.html">"Don't Trash the 'Nati"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keepcincinnatibeautiful.org/Programs/dttn.html">the original</a> on September 26, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Don%27t+Trash+the+%27Nati&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.keepcincinnatibeautiful.org%2FPrograms%2Fdttn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span>, Keep Cincinnati Beautiful website, accessed May 3, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosen2007" class="citation news cs1">Rosen, Jill (March 13, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/91581694/">"Getting city to pick it up"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a></i>. pp. 1A, 4A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327031932/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-baltimore-sun/91581694/">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 1,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Getting+city+to+pick+it+up&rft.pages=1A%2C+4A&rft.date=2007-03-13&rft.aulast=Rosen&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F91581694%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/91581642/">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327031829/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-baltimore-sun/91581642/">Archived</a> March 27, 2024, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoward2005" class="citation news cs1">Howard, Allen (July 21, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/91582061/">"Initial caddy scholarship sending New Richmond woman to Miami"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. p. C3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327031932/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-cincinnati-enquirer/91582061/">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 1,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Initial+caddy+scholarship+sending+New+Richmond+woman+to+Miami&rft.pages=C3&rft.date=2005-07-21&rft.aulast=Howard&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F91582061%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WVXU-2016sep9-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WVXU-2016sep9_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WVXU-2016sep9_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRinehart2016" class="citation news cs1">Rinehart, Bill (September 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wvxu.org/post/cincinnatis-streetcar-open-business">"Cincinnati's Streetcar Is Open For Business"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WVXU" title="WVXU">WVXU</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160910011209/http://wvxu.org/post/cincinnatis-streetcar-open-business">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 10,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cincinnati%27s+Streetcar+Is+Open+For+Business&rft.date=2016-09-09&rft.aulast=Rinehart&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwvxu.org%2Fpost%2Fcincinnatis-streetcar-open-business&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cinc-enq-2016sep9-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cinc-enq-2016sep9_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cinc-enq-2016sep9_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoolidgeTwehWilliams2016" class="citation news cs1">Coolidge, Sharon; Tweh, Bowdeya; Williams, Jason (September 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/2016/09/09/updates-streetcar-opening-day/90116412/">"It's a go: Streetcar finally opens"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190202034403/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/2016/09/09/updates-streetcar-opening-day/90116412/">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 10,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=It%27s+a+go%3A+Streetcar+finally+opens&rft.date=2016-09-09&rft.aulast=Coolidge&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.au=Tweh%2C+Bowdeya&rft.au=Williams%2C+Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2016%2F09%2F09%2Fupdates-streetcar-opening-day%2F90116412%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_Theodore_Greve1904" class="citation book cs1">Charles Theodore Greve (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eJxABLtxX60C&pg=PA13"><i>Centennial History of Cincinnati and Representative Citizens, Volume 1</i></a>. Biographical Publishing Company. p. 13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Centennial+History+of+Cincinnati+and+Representative+Citizens%2C+Volume+1&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Biographical+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1904&rft.au=Charles+Theodore+Greve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeJxABLtxX60C%26pg%3DPA13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gazetteer_files-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gazetteer_files_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt">"US Gazetteer files 2010"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt">the original</a> on January 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+Gazetteer+files+2010&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fwww%2Fgazetteer%2Ffiles%2FGaz_places_national.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOhio_Division_of_Geological_Survey1998" class="citation web cs1">Ohio Division of Geological Survey (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120528185532/http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Portals/10/pdf/physio.pdf">"Physiographic Regions of Ohio"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/portals/10/pdf/physio.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 28, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Physiographic+Regions+of+Ohio&rft.pub=Ohio+Department+of+Natural+Resources%2C+Division+of+Geological+Survey&rft.date=1998&rft.au=Ohio+Division+of+Geological+Survey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnr.state.oh.us%2Fportals%2F10%2Fpdf%2Fphysio.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">wisetemple.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20071230101731/http://news.enquirer.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071221/BIZ01/712210351">"Sights in Cincinnati, Ohio"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.enquirer.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071221/BIZ01/712210351">the original</a> on December 30, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sights+in+Cincinnati%2C+Ohio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.enquirer.com%2Fapps%2Fpbcs.dll%2Farticle%3FAID%3D%2F20071221%2FBIZ01%2F712210351&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Post_Van_Sant-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Post_Van_Sant_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Post_Van_Sant_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Post_Van_Sant_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Sant1996" class="citation news cs1">Van Sant, Rick (January 23, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124145733/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-72845614.html">"Flooding by the Numbers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Post" title="The Cincinnati Post">The Cincinnati Post</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-72845614.html">the original</a> on January 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Post&rft.atitle=Flooding+by+the+Numbers&rft.date=1996-01-23&rft.aulast=Van+Sant&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-72845614.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Banks_history-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Banks_history_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banks_history_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebankspublicpartnership.com/history">"History of Riverfront Development"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Banks,_Cincinnati" title="The Banks, Cincinnati">The Banks</a> Public Partnership. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124145734/http://www.thebankspublicpartnership.com/history">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Riverfront+Development&rft.pub=The+Banks+Public+Partnership&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebankspublicpartnership.com%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Singer-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Singer_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger2004" class="citation book cs1">Singer, Allen J. (October 20, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AZ1fC_nxmYMC&pg=PT24"><i>Cincinnati on the Go: History of Mass Transit</i></a>. Images of America. Charleston, South Carolina: <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_Publishing" title="Arcadia Publishing">Arcadia Publishing</a>. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781439615119" title="Special:BookSources/9781439615119"><bdi>9781439615119</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161203222332/https://books.google.com/books?id=AZ1fC_nxmYMC&pg=PT24">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2019</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+on+the+Go%3A+History+of+Mass+Transit&rft.place=Charleston%2C+South+Carolina&rft.series=Images+of+America&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2004-10-20&rft.isbn=9781439615119&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Allen+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAZ1fC_nxmYMC%26pg%3DPT24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151009055225/http://coneyislandpark.com/history">"History"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Coney_Island_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="Coney Island (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Coney Island</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://coneyislandpark.com/history">the original</a> on October 9, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Coney+Island&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconeyislandpark.com%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Enquirer_Pilcher_expands-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Enquirer_Pilcher_expands_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPilcher2015" class="citation news cs1">Pilcher, James (March 14, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2015/03/14/flood-expands-impact-yet-bad-past/24774885/">"Flood expands, but impact not yet as bad as in past"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124145733/http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2015/03/14/flood-expands-impact-yet-bad-past/24774885/">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Flood+expands%2C+but+impact+not+yet+as+bad+as+in+past&rft.date=2015-03-14&rft.aulast=Pilcher&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2015%2F03%2F14%2Fflood-expands-impact-yet-bad-past%2F24774885%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenny,_Daniel_J.1895" class="citation web cs1">Kenny, Daniel J. (1895). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=US8WAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA23">"Illustrated Guide to Cincinnati and the World's Columbian Exposition"</a>. R. Clarke. p. 52. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231003143852/https://books.google.com/books?id=US8WAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA23">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Illustrated+Guide+to+Cincinnati+and+the+World%27s+Columbian+Exposition&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=R.+Clarke&rft.date=1895&rft.au=Kenny%2C+Daniel+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUS8WAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati.com/storytelling/cincinnati-neighborhoods/metrics/population/">"A neighborhood comparison: Population"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a>. February 24, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230909153548/https://www.cincinnati.com/storytelling/cincinnati-neighborhoods/metrics/population/">Archived</a> from the original on September 9, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+neighborhood+comparison%3A+Population&rft.pub=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.date=2022-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstorytelling%2Fcincinnati-neighborhoods%2Fmetrics%2Fpopulation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guide-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-guide_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Over-the-Rhine Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.otrfoundation.org/OTR_Architecture.htm">Guide to OTR Architecture</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230521014111/http://www.otrfoundation.org/OTR_Architecture.htm">Archived</a> May 21, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Accessed on 2009-08-13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaag2006" class="citation news cs1">Maag, Christopher (November 25, 2006). "In Cincinnati, Life Breathes Anew in Riot-Scarred Area". <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+Cincinnati%2C+Life+Breathes+Anew+in+Riot-Scarred+Area&rft.date=2006-11-25&rft.aulast=Maag&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-politico1606-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-politico1606_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodard2016" class="citation web cs1">Woodard, Colin (June 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/06/what-works-cincinnati-ohio-over-the-rhine-crime-neighborhood-turnaround-city-urban-revitalization-213969">"How Cincinnati Salvaged the Nation's Most Dangerous Neighborhood"</a>. Politico. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230826095731/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/06/what-works-cincinnati-ohio-over-the-rhine-crime-neighborhood-turnaround-city-urban-revitalization-213969/">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Cincinnati+Salvaged+the+Nation%27s+Most+Dangerous+Neighborhood&rft.pub=Politico&rft.date=2016-06-16&rft.aulast=Woodard&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fmagazine%2Fstory%2F2016%2F06%2Fwhat-works-cincinnati-ohio-over-the-rhine-crime-neighborhood-turnaround-city-urban-revitalization-213969&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA_txt-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_txt_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_txt_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_txt_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_txt_69-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240206104403/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00093814&format=pdf">"Station: Cincinnati Northern KY AP, KY"</a>. <i>U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020)</i>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00093814&format=pdf">the original</a> on February 6, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Climate+Normals+2020%3A+U.S.+Monthly+Climate+Normals+%281991%E2%80%932020%29&rft.atitle=Station%3A+Cincinnati+Northern+KY+AP%2C+KY&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncei.noaa.gov%2Faccess%2Fservices%2Fdata%2Fv1%3Fdataset%3Dnormals-monthly-1991-2020%26startDate%3D0001-01-01%26endDate%3D9996-12-31%26stations%3DUSW00093814%26format%3Dpdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=iln">"NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NowData+%E2%80%93+NOAA+Online+Weather+Data&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fwrh%2Fclimate%3Fwfo%3Diln&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NWS-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NWS_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NWS_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.erh.noaa.gov/iln/cvgrec.htm">"Records for Cincinnati"</a>. National Weather Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Records+for+Cincinnati&rft.pub=National+Weather+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.erh.noaa.gov%2Filn%2Fcvgrec.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/wednesdays-storms-leave-damage-scattered-around-tri-state">"National Weather Service: 5 tornadoes hit Tri-State on Wednesday"</a>. WCPO. March 3, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170929044808/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/wednesdays-storms-leave-damage-scattered-around-tri-state">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 29,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Weather+Service%3A+5+tornadoes+hit+Tri-State+on+Wednesday&rft.pub=WCPO&rft.date=2017-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fhamilton-county%2Fcincinnati%2Fwednesdays-storms-leave-damage-scattered-around-tri-state&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-noaasun-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-noaasun_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240206103758/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72421.TXT">"WMO Climate Normals for CINCINNATI/GREATER CINCINNATI,KY 1961–1990"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72421.TXT">the original</a> on February 6, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WMO+Climate+Normals+for+CINCINNATI%2FGREATER+CINCINNATI%2CKY+1961%E2%80%931990&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.atdd.noaa.gov%2Fpub%2FGCOS%2FWMO-Normals%2FTABLES%2FREG_IV%2FUS%2FGROUP3%2F72421.TXT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weather_Atlas-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-us.com/en/ohio-usa/cincinnati-climate">"Cincinnati, Ohio, USA - Monthly weather forecast and Climate data"</a>. Weather Atlas<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%2C+Ohio%2C+USA+-+Monthly+weather+forecast+and+Climate+data&rft.pub=Weather+Atlas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-us.com%2Fen%2Fohio-usa%2Fcincinnati-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DecennialCensus-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DecennialCensus_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html">"Decennial Census of Population and Housing"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Census.gov" class="mw-redirect" title="Census.gov">Census.gov</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150426102944/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Decennial+Census+of+Population+and+Housing&rft.pub=Census.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprograms-surveys%2Fdecennial-census.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/censusdata/c1008090pc.txt">"1980–1990 Population of Places With 100,000 or More Inhabitants"</a>. The United States Census Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808221022/http://www.census.gov/population/censusdata/c1008090pc.txt">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1980%E2%80%931990+Population+of+Places+With+100%2C000+or+More+Inhabitants&rft.pub=The+United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fcensusdata%2Fc1008090pc.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citypopulation.de/USA-Ohio.html">"2009 Estimates for Ohio Cities"</a>. citypopulation.de. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190605143659/http://www.citypopulation.de/USA-Ohio.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2009+Estimates+for+Ohio+Cities&rft.pub=citypopulation.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2FUSA-Ohio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/cincinnaticityohio">"U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts"</a>. <i>United States Census Bureau</i>. April 1, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210217090706/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/cincinnaticityohio">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft.atitle=U.S.+Census+Bureau+QuickFacts&rft.date=2020-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Fcincinnaticityohio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150524080818/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3915000.html">"Cincinnati (city), Ohio"</a>. <i>State & County QuickFacts</i>. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3915000.html">the original</a> on May 24, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=State+%26+County+QuickFacts&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+%28city%29%2C+Ohio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquickfacts.census.gov%2Fqfd%2Fstates%2F39%2F3915000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171018195153/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/planning/linkservid/B6986A16-90FD-0DDE-CE3F0F7DE86023CB/showMeta/0/">"Cincinnati Population: Race, Age by Statistical Neighborhoods Census 2000"</a>. <i>www.cincinnati-oh.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/planning/linkservid/B6986A16-90FD-0DDE-CE3F0F7DE86023CB/showMeta/0/">the original</a> on October 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cincinnati-oh.gov&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+Population%3A+Race%2C+Age+by+Statistical+Neighborhoods+Census+2000&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Fplanning%2Flinkservid%2FB6986A16-90FD-0DDE-CE3F0F7DE86023CB%2FshowMeta%2F0%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pop-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pop_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pop_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pop_83-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pop_83-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pop_83-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html">"Ohio – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html">the original</a> on August 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 16,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ohio+%E2%80%93+Race+and+Hispanic+Origin+for+Selected+Cities+and+Other+Places%3A+Earliest+Census+to+1990&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fwww%2Fdocumentation%2Ftwps0076%2Ftwps0076.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fifteen-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fifteen_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From 15% sample</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/en.html">"Census.gov"</a>. <i>Census.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census.gov&rft.atitle=Census.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wwwcensusgov-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wwwcensusgov_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/cincinnaticityohio">"U.S. Census website"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210217090706/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/cincinnaticityohio">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Census+website&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Fcincinnaticityohio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150524080818/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3915000.html">"Cincinnati (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau"</a>. <i>census.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3915000.html">the original</a> on May 24, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=census.gov&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+%28city%29+QuickFacts+from+the+US+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquickfacts.census.gov%2Fqfd%2Fstates%2F39%2F3915000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/cincinnaticityohio/PST045216">"U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Cincinnati city, Ohio"</a>. <i>www.census.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.census.gov&rft.atitle=U.S.+Census+Bureau+QuickFacts%3A+Cincinnati+city%2C+Ohio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2Fcincinnaticityohio%2FPST045216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bls.gov/regions/midwest/data/xg-tables/ro5xg02.htm#ro5xg02msa.f.p">"Midwest Economy - Labor Force Statistics : Midwest Information Office : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics"</a>. <i>www.bls.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221107215402/https://www.bls.gov/regions/midwest/data/xg-tables/ro5xg02.htm#ro5xg02msa.f.p">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bls.gov&rft.atitle=Midwest+Economy+-+Labor+Force+Statistics+%3A+Midwest+Information+Office+%3A+U.S.+Bureau+of+Labor+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bls.gov%2Fregions%2Fmidwest%2Fdata%2Fxg-tables%2Fro5xg02.htm%23ro5xg02msa.f.p&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000000?years_option=all_years">"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Bureau+of+Labor+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.bls.gov%2Ftimeseries%2FLNS14000000%3Fyears_option%3Dall_years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/money/2016/05/14/ges-big-addition-cincinnati-riverfront/83545678/">"GE's big addition to the Cincinnati riverfront"</a>. <i>Cincinnati.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171213145244/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/money/2016/05/14/ges-big-addition-cincinnati-riverfront/83545678/">Archived</a> from the original on December 13, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=GE%27s+big+addition+to+the+Cincinnati+riverfront&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fmoney%2F2016%2F05%2F14%2Fges-big-addition-cincinnati-riverfront%2F83545678%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrilling2023" class="citation web cs1">Drilling, Joanne (July 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/subscriber-only/2023/07/07/largest-cincinnati-area-employers.html">"Greater Cincinnati's Largest Employers, 2023"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Business_Courier" title="Cincinnati Business Courier">Cincinnati Business Courier</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327032859/https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/subscriber-only/2023/07/07/largest-cincinnati-area-employers.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Business+Courier&rft.atitle=Greater+Cincinnati%27s+Largest+Employers%2C+2023&rft.date=2023-07-07&rft.aulast=Drilling&rft.aufirst=Joanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fcincinnati%2Fsubscriber-only%2F2023%2F07%2F07%2Flargest-cincinnati-area-employers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clevelandfed.org/en/about-us/">"About Us"</a>. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. June 29, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230817024232/https://www.clevelandfed.org/en/about-us">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=Federal+Reserve+Bank+of+Cleveland&rft.date=2023-06-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.clevelandfed.org%2Fen%2Fabout-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAaron1992" class="citation book cs1">Aaron, Daniel (1992). <i>Cincinnati: Queen City of the West, 1819-1838</i>. Ohio State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0814205704" title="Special:BookSources/0814205704"><bdi>0814205704</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%3A+Queen+City+of+the+West%2C+1819-1838&rft.pub=Ohio+State+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0814205704&rft.aulast=Aaron&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCayton2002" class="citation book cs1">Cayton, Andrew R. L. (2002). <i>Ohio: The History of a People</i>. Ohio State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0814208991" title="Special:BookSources/0814208991"><bdi>0814208991</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ohio%3A+The+History+of+a+People&rft.pub=Ohio+State+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0814208991&rft.aulast=Cayton&rft.aufirst=Andrew+R.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurley1982" class="citation book cs1">Hurley, Daniel (1982). <i>Cincinnati: The Queen City</i>. Cincinnati Historical Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0911497007" title="Special:BookSources/978-0911497007"><bdi>978-0911497007</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%3A+The+Queen+City&rft.pub=Cincinnati+Historical+Society&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0911497007&rft.aulast=Hurley&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCullough2019" class="citation book cs1">McCullough, David (2019). <i>The Pioneers</i>. Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1501168680" title="Special:BookSources/978-1501168680"><bdi>978-1501168680</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pioneers&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1501168680&rft.aulast=McCullough&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDixon2011" class="citation book cs1">Dixon, Barbara (2011). <i>A Forgotten Heritage: The German Methodist Church</i>. Little Miami Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1932250961" title="Special:BookSources/978-1932250961"><bdi>978-1932250961</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Forgotten+Heritage%3A+The+German+Methodist+Church&rft.pub=Little+Miami+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1932250961&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.delhihistoricalsociety.org/blog/2018/3/26/shiloh-methodist-church">"Shiloh Methodist Church"</a>. <i>www.delhihistoricalsociety.org</i>. March 27, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221116215749/https://www.delhihistoricalsociety.org/blog/2018/3/26/shiloh-methodist-church">Archived</a> from the original on November 16, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 30,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.delhihistoricalsociety.org&rft.atitle=Shiloh+Methodist+Church&rft.date=2018-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.delhihistoricalsociety.org%2Fblog%2F2018%2F3%2F26%2Fshiloh-methodist-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor (2005), <i>Frontiers of Freedom,</i> pp. 20–21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aaron1992-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aaron1992_101-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aaron1992_101-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAaron1992" class="citation book cs1">Aaron, Daniel (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eCgVN3FKOxQC&pg=PA300"><i>Cincinnati, Queen City of the West: 1819–1838</i></a>. Ohio State University Press. p. 300ff. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8142-0570-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8142-0570-9"><bdi>978-0-8142-0570-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160113230317/https://books.google.com/books?id=eCgVN3FKOxQC&pg=PA300">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%2C+Queen+City+of+the+West%3A+1819%E2%80%931838&rft.pages=300ff&rft.pub=Ohio+State+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-8142-0570-9&rft.aulast=Aaron&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeCgVN3FKOxQC%26pg%3DPA300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas1950" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Benjamin Platt (1950). <i>Theodore Weld, crusader for freedom</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="New Brunswick, New Jersey">New Brunswick, New Jersey</a>: Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6655058">6655058</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theodore+Weld%2C+crusader+for+freedom&rft.place=New+Brunswick%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1950&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6655058&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+Platt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNikki_Marie_Taylor2005" class="citation book cs1">Nikki Marie Taylor (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZC8xDzjUM-cC"><i>Frontiers of Freedom: Cincinnati's Black Community, 1802–1868</i></a>. Ohio University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8214-1579-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8214-1579-5"><bdi>978-0-8214-1579-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327033020/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZC8xDzjUM-cC">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frontiers+of+Freedom%3A+Cincinnati%27s+Black+Community%2C+1802%E2%80%931868&rft.pub=Ohio+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8214-1579-5&rft.au=Nikki+Marie+Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZC8xDzjUM-cC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreve1904440-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreve1904440_104-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreve1904">Greve 1904</a>, p. 440: "This explains a common confusion of ideas as to the first mayor of Cincinnati. David Ziegler was the first president of the town, <a href="/wiki/William_Corry_(Cincinnati_mayor)" title="William Corry (Cincinnati mayor)">William Corry</a> the first mayor of the town, and <a href="/wiki/Isaac_G._Burnet" title="Isaac G. Burnet">Isaac G. Burnet</a> the first mayor of the city."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark,_S._J.1912" class="citation book cs1">Clark, S. J. (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-hB6AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA9"><i>Cincinnati, the Queen City, 1788–1912, Volume 2</i></a>. The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327032901/https://books.google.com/books?id=-hB6AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA9#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%2C+the+Queen+City%2C+1788%E2%80%931912%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=The+S.+J.+Clarke+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1912&rft.au=Clark%2C+S.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-hB6AAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130724105123/http://www.cincinnati-cityofimmigrants.com/cci/german.htm">":: Cincinnati, A City of Immigrants"</a>. Cincinnati-cityofimmigrants.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-cityofimmigrants.com/cci/german.htm">the original</a> on July 24, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%3A%3A+Cincinnati%2C+A+City+of+Immigrants&rft.pub=Cincinnati-cityofimmigrants.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-cityofimmigrants.com%2Fcci%2Fgerman.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHetzer" class="citation web cs1">Hetzer, Laura. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102191716/http://voices.yahoo.com/cincinnati-our-german-history-327345.html">"Cincinnati: Our German History"</a>. Yahoo!. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voices.yahoo.com/cincinnati-our-german-history-327345.html">the original</a> on November 2, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%3A+Our+German+History&rft.pub=Yahoo%21&rft.aulast=Hetzer&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoices.yahoo.com%2Fcincinnati-our-german-history-327345.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (July 2015)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.SauerkrautFestival.Com/">"Ohio Sauerkraut Festival"</a>. <i>SauerkrautFestival.Com</i>. December 16, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180117180858/http://www.sauerkrautfestival.com/">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SauerkrautFestival.Com&rft.atitle=Ohio+Sauerkraut+Festival&rft.date=2017-12-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.SauerkrautFestival.Com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/entertainment/2014/09/16/hey-fonzie-welcome-zinzinnati/15718493/">"Oktoberfest Zinzinnati: Hey, Fonzie: Welcome to town!"</a>. <i>Cincinnati.com</i>. September 16, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124145733/http://www.cincinnati.com/story/entertainment/2014/09/16/hey-fonzie-welcome-zinzinnati/15718493/">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=Oktoberfest+Zinzinnati%3A+Hey%2C+Fonzie%3A+Welcome+to+town%21&rft.date=2014-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fentertainment%2F2014%2F09%2F16%2Fhey-fonzie-welcome-zinzinnati%2F15718493%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.cincyusa.com/events/popular/">[3]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150122034409/http://www.cincyusa.com/events/popular/">Archived</a> January 22, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Cincy USA website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-je-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-je_111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdlerPhilipson1901–1906" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Adler" title="Cyrus Adler">Adler, Cyrus</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Philipson" title="David Philipson">Philipson, David</a> (1901–1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/14954-wise-isaac-mayer">"WISE, ISAAC MAYER"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Isidore_Singer" title="Isidore Singer">Singer, Isidore</a>; et al. (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">The Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Funk & Wagnalls<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=WISE%2C+ISAAC+MAYER&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Funk+%26+Wagnalls&rft.date=1901%2F1906&rft.aulast=Adler&rft.aufirst=Cyrus&rft.au=Philipson%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F14954-wise-isaac-mayer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span><br /><b>Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography:</b> <ul><li>I. M. Wise, <i>Reminiscences</i>, transl. from the German and ed. by David Philipson, Cincinnati, 1901;</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkolnikBerenbaum" class="citation book cs1">Skolnik, Fred; Berenbaum, Michael. <i>Encyclopaedia Judaica</i>. Vol. XXI. New York: Macmillan. p. 100. <q>...Wise's foresightedness and tenacity in laying its three institutional cornerstones earned him the title 'founding father' of the indigenous Reform movement in America</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Judaica&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=100&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.aulast=Skolnik&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.au=Berenbaum%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Israelite" title="The American Israelite">The American Israelite</a></i>, 1854–1900, <a href="/wiki/Passim" class="mw-redirect" title="Passim">passim</a>, and the Jubilee number, June 30, 1904.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnatiartmuseum.org/art/">"Art, Exhibitions, Online Collections & Resources"</a>. Cincinnati Art Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231003064006/https://www.cincinnatiartmuseum.org/art">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Art%2C+Exhibitions%2C+Online+Collections+%26+Resources&rft.pub=Cincinnati+Art+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnatiartmuseum.org%2Fart%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Insiders_Guide-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Insiders_Guide_113-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Insiders_Guide_113-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFelix_Winternitz_&_Sacha_DeVroomen_Bellman2007" class="citation book cs1">Felix Winternitz & Sacha DeVroomen Bellman (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y8S1LFG_KAEC&q=insider+cincinnati&pg=PA13"><i>Insiders' Guide to Cincinnati</i></a>. Globe Pequot. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780762741809" title="Special:BookSources/9780762741809"><bdi>9780762741809</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Insiders%27+Guide+to+Cincinnati&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Globe+Pequot&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780762741809&rft.au=Felix+Winternitz+%26+Sacha+DeVroomen+Bellman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy8S1LFG_KAEC%26q%3Dinsider%2Bcincinnati%26pg%3DPA13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://moversmakers.org/2018/10/30/union-terminal-cincinnatis-art-deco-gem-shines-again/">"Union Terminal: Cincinnati's Art Deco gem shines again"</a>. October 31, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231013011847/https://moversmakers.org/2018/10/30/union-terminal-cincinnatis-art-deco-gem-shines-again/">Archived</a> from the original on October 13, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Union+Terminal%3A+Cincinnati%27s+Art+Deco+gem+shines+again&rft.date=2018-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoversmakers.org%2F2018%2F10%2F30%2Funion-terminal-cincinnatis-art-deco-gem-shines-again%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/wiho/planyourvisit/things2do.htm">"William Howard Taft National Historic Site - Things To Do"</a>. U.S. National Park Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231013062538/https://www.nps.gov/wiho/planyourvisit/things2do.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 13, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=William+Howard+Taft+National+Historic+Site+-+Things+To+Do&rft.pub=U.S.+National+Park+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fwiho%2Fplanyourvisit%2Fthings2do.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Rothstein. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/22/arts/design/22private.html?pagewanted=1">Bright Lights, Wide Eyes: Nostalgic Collections That Speak Volumes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231013011847/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/22/arts/design/22private.html?pagewanted=1">Archived</a> October 13, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". <i>New York Times</i>. June 21, 2009. Retrieved on February 5, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mzcWWydbGQ">"Fox News presents Veronica Vitale working in Cincinnati"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Fox+News+presents+Veronica+Vitale+working+in+Cincinnati&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D1mzcWWydbGQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead YouTube link tagged February 2022">dead YouTube link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrett2015" class="citation web cs1">Garrett, Ian (March 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pq15.usitt.org/usitt-2015-smashes-attendance-records-in-cincinnati/">"USITT 2015 Smashes Attendance Records in Cincinnati"</a>. <i>USITT at PQ 2015</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240319002300/http://pq15.usitt.org/usitt-2015-smashes-attendance-records-in-cincinnati/">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 19,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USITT+at+PQ+2015&rft.atitle=USITT+2015+Smashes+Attendance+Records+in+Cincinnati&rft.date=2015-03-29&rft.aulast=Garrett&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpq15.usitt.org%2Fusitt-2015-smashes-attendance-records-in-cincinnati%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FilmCincinnati-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FilmCincinnati_119-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140220065822/http://www.filmcincinnati.com/Shot_Here">"Shot Here"</a>. Greater Cincinnati & Northern Kentucky Film Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmcincinnati.com/Shot_Here/">the original</a> on February 20, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shot+Here&rft.pub=Greater+Cincinnati+%26+Northern+Kentucky+Film+Commission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmcincinnati.com%2FShot_Here%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wild_Hogs-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wild_Hogs_120-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wildaboutmovies.com/movies/WildHogsMovieTrailerPosterJohnTravoltaTimAllen.php">"Wild About Moves"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071018041138/http://www.wildaboutmovies.com/movies/WildHogsMovieTrailerPosterJohnTravoltaTimAllen.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wild+About+Moves&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wildaboutmovies.com%2Fmovies%2FWildHogsMovieTrailerPosterJohnTravoltaTimAllen.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell" class="citation web cs1">Campbell, Polly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20110718/ENT11/107190316/Arnold-s-gets-starring-role-TV-show">"Cincinnati will get more airtime on 'Harry's Law'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. The Cincinnati Enquirer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722145029/http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20110718/ENT11/107190316/Arnold-s-gets-starring-role-TV-show">Archived</a> from the original on July 22, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+will+get+more+airtime+on+%27Harry%27s+Law%27&rft.pub=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Polly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cincinnati.com%2Farticle%2F20110718%2FENT11%2F107190316%2FArnold-s-gets-starring-role-TV-show&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thechimptent.com/">"The Laurel and Hardy Appreciation Society of Cincinnati, Ohio"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171018194627/http://www.thechimptent.com/">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Laurel+and+Hardy+Appreciation+Society+of+Cincinnati%2C+Ohio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thechimptent.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taste of Cincinnati, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tasteofcincinnati.com/taste.aspx?menu_id=268&id=8780&ekmensel=3ed1b7ac_268_0_8780_2">About Taste</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100601075429/http://www.tasteofcincinnati.com/taste.aspx?menu_id=268&id=8780&ekmensel=3ed1b7ac_268_0_8780_2">Archived</a> June 1, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Accessed on December 27, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-esq13-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-esq13_124-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWondrich,_David2013" class="citation web cs1">Wondrich, David (June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esquire.com/food-drink/bars/g1500/best-bars-in-america-2013/?slide=15">"The Best Bars in America"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124145732/http://www.esquire.com/food-drink/bars/g1500/best-bars-in-america-2013/?slide=15">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Esquire&rft.atitle=The+Best+Bars+in+America&rft.date=2013-06&rft.au=Wondrich%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esquire.com%2Ffood-drink%2Fbars%2Fg1500%2Fbest-bars-in-america-2013%2F%3Fslide%3D15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ARNOLDSAWARDS-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ARNOLDSAWARDS_125-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arnoldsbarandgrill.com/awards.htm">"Arnold's Website Awards Section"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Arnold%27s_Bar_and_Grill" title="Arnold's Bar and Grill">Arnold's</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160410224945/http://arnoldsbarandgrill.com/awards.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 29,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arnold%27s&rft.atitle=Arnold%27s+Website+Awards+Section&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farnoldsbarandgrill.com%2Fawards.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WCPO13-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WCPO13_126-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeldon,_Casey2013" class="citation web cs1">Weldon, Casey (May 27, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602230301/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/downtown-fixture-arnolds-bar-and-grill-voted-among-16-best-bars-in-america-by-esquire-magazine">"Downtown fixture Arnold's Bar and Grill voted among '16 Best Bars in America' by Esquire Magazine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WCPO" class="mw-redirect" title="WCPO">WCPO</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/downtown-fixture-arnolds-bar-and-grill-voted-among-16-best-bars-in-america-by-esquire-magazine">the original</a> on June 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Downtown+fixture+Arnold%27s+Bar+and+Grill+voted+among+%2716+Best+Bars+in+America%27+by+Esquire+Magazine&rft.pub=WCPO&rft.date=2013-05-27&rft.au=Weldon%2C+Casey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fdowntown-fixture-arnolds-bar-and-grill-voted-among-16-best-bars-in-america-by-esquire-magazine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thrillist15-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thrillist15_127-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreslour,_Lee2015" class="citation web cs1">Breslour, Lee (April 8, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thrillist.com/drink/nation/the-most-iconic-bar-in-every-state">"The most iconic bar in every state (and DC)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Thrillist" title="Thrillist">Thrillist</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124145733/https://www.thrillist.com/drink/nation/the-most-iconic-bar-in-every-state">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thrillist&rft.atitle=The+most+iconic+bar+in+every+state+%28and+DC%29&rft.date=2015-04-08&rft.au=Breslour%2C+Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thrillist.com%2Fdrink%2Fnation%2Fthe-most-iconic-bar-in-every-state&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheDailyMeal15-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TheDailyMeal15_128-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteigerwald,_Shauna2015" class="citation web cs1">Steigerwald, Shauna (April 23, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/entertainment/2015/04/23/daily-meal-puts-arnolds-best-bars-america/26248217/">"Daily Meal puts Arnold's in '150 Best Bars in America'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Meal" title="The Daily Meal">The Daily Meal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180714151220/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/entertainment/2015/04/23/daily-meal-puts-arnolds-best-bars-america/26248217/">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 29,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Meal&rft.atitle=Daily+Meal+puts+Arnold%27s+in+%27150+Best+Bars+in+America%27&rft.date=2015-04-23&rft.au=Steigerwald%2C+Shauna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fentertainment%2F2015%2F04%2F23%2Fdaily-meal-puts-arnolds-best-bars-america%2F26248217%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Serious_Eats_16-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Serious_Eats_16_129-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPandolfi,_Keith2016" class="citation web cs1">Pandolfi, Keith (February 29, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160509225201/http://www.seriouseats.com/where-to-eat-in-cincinnati">"The Cincinnati 10"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Serious_Eats" title="Serious Eats">Serious Eats</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seriouseats.com/where-to-eat-in-cincinnati">the original</a> on May 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 29,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Serious+Eats&rft.atitle=The+Cincinnati+10&rft.date=2016-02-29&rft.au=Pandolfi%2C+Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seriouseats.com%2Fwhere-to-eat-in-cincinnati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wondrich_quote-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wondrich_quote_130-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160408054252/http://cincymagazine.com/Main/Articles/Arnolds_Way_4043.aspx">"Arnold's Way"</a>. <i>Cincy Magazine</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cincymagazine.com/Main/Articles/Arnolds_Way_4043.aspx">the original</a> on April 8, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincy+Magazine&rft.atitle=Arnold%27s+Way&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcincymagazine.com%2FMain%2FArticles%2FArnolds_Way_4043.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncregister.com/features/how-a-catholic-businessman-put-the-filet-o-fish-on-the-mcdonald-s-menu">"How a Catholic Businessman Put the Filet-O-Fish on the McDonald's Menu"</a>. <i>NCR</i>. March 7, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NCR&rft.atitle=How+a+Catholic+Businessman+Put+the+Filet-O-Fish+on+the+McDonald%27s+Menu&rft.date=2019-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Ffeatures%2Fhow-a-catholic-businessman-put-the-filet-o-fish-on-the-mcdonald-s-menu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCovrett2011" class="citation web cs1">Covrett, Donna (April 21, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnatimagazine.com/forkopolisblog/local-flavor-papas-cream-eggs/">"Local Flavor: Opera Creams"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Magazine&rft.atitle=Local+Flavor%3A+Opera+Creams&rft.date=2011-04-21&rft.aulast=Covrett&rft.aufirst=Donna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnatimagazine.com%2Fforkopolisblog%2Flocal-flavor-papas-cream-eggs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoellert2017" class="citation book cs1">Woellert, Dann (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jB83DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA64"><i>Cincinnati Candy: A Sweet History</i></a>. Arcadia Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4671-3795-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4671-3795-9"><bdi>978-1-4671-3795-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+Candy%3A+A+Sweet+History&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4671-3795-9&rft.aulast=Woellert&rft.aufirst=Dann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjB83DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuess" class="citation web cs1">Suess, Jeff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati.com/story/entertainment/2021/04/01/franks-redhot-hot-sauce-founded-cincinnati/6998933002/">"Who knew? Frank's RedHot Hot Sauce was founded in Cincinnati more than 100 years ago"</a>. <i>The Enquirer</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Who+knew%3F+Frank%27s+RedHot+Hot+Sauce+was+founded+in+Cincinnati+more+than+100+years+ago&rft.aulast=Suess&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fentertainment%2F2021%2F04%2F01%2Ffranks-redhot-hot-sauce-founded-cincinnati%2F6998933002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wcpo1508-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wcpo1508_135-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColeman,_Brent2015" class="citation web cs1">Coleman, Brent (August 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150829022545/http://www.wcpo.com/news/insider/how-skyline-chili-became-a-cincinnati-icon">"How Skyline Chili became a Cincinnati icon"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WCPO-TV" title="WCPO-TV">WCPO-TV</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/insider/how-skyline-chili-became-a-cincinnati-icon">the original</a> on August 29, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Skyline+Chili+became+a+Cincinnati+icon&rft.pub=WCPO-TV&rft.date=2015-08-27&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Brent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Finsider%2Fhow-skyline-chili-became-a-cincinnati-icon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-500things-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-500things_136-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStern,_Jane_and_Michael2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jane_and_Michael_Stern" title="Jane and Michael Stern">Stern, Jane and Michael</a> (2009). <i>500 Things to Eat Before it's Too Late:and the Very Best Places to Eat Them</i>. p. 244.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=500+Things+to+Eat+Before+it%27s+Too+Late%3Aand+the+Very+Best+Places+to+Eat+Them&rft.pages=244&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Stern%2C+Jane+and+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClint2010" class="citation web cs1">Clint (November 21, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cincyconeyquest.blogspot.com/2010/11/history-of-empress-chili.html">"Cincinnati Coney Quest: History of Empress Chili"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Coney Quest</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210502113302/http://cincyconeyquest.blogspot.com/2010/11/history-of-empress-chili.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Coney+Quest&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+Coney+Quest%3A+History+of+Empress+Chili&rft.date=2010-11-21&rft.au=Clint&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcincyconeyquest.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F11%2Fhistory-of-empress-chili.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-woellert-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-woellert_138-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoellert2013" class="citation book cs1">Woellert, Dann (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B6mh0iOdtWYC&pg=PA10"><i>The Authentic History of Cincinnati Chili</i></a>. The History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60949-992-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60949-992-1"><bdi>978-1-60949-992-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160114110730/https://books.google.com/books?id=B6mh0iOdtWYC&pg=PA10">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Authentic+History+of+Cincinnati+Chili&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-60949-992-1&rft.aulast=Woellert&rft.aufirst=Dann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB6mh0iOdtWYC%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilewicz" class="citation web cs1">Gilewicz, Nicholas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091009042105/http://cityguides.msn.com/articles/article.aspx?cp-documentid=19546727">"Food Capitals of America"</a>. <i>MSN City Guides</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cityguides.msn.com/articles/article.aspx?cp-documentid=19546727">the original</a> on October 9, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MSN+City+Guides&rft.atitle=Food+Capitals+of+America&rft.aulast=Gilewicz&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityguides.msn.com%2Farticles%2Farticle.aspx%3Fcp-documentid%3D19546727&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-citybeat18-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-citybeat18_140-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citybeat.com/food-drink/eats-feature/article/21016807/seven-innovative-takes-on-beloved-cincinnati-goetta">"Seven Innovative Takes on Cincinnati Goetta to Change Your Mind About the Meat"</a>. <i>City Beat</i>. August 7, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181027232015/https://www.citybeat.com/food-drink/eats-feature/article/21016807/seven-innovative-takes-on-beloved-cincinnati-goetta">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=City+Beat&rft.atitle=Seven+Innovative+Takes+on+Cincinnati+Goetta+to+Change+Your+Mind+About+the+Meat&rft.date=2018-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citybeat.com%2Ffood-drink%2Feats-feature%2Farticle%2F21016807%2Fseven-innovative-takes-on-beloved-cincinnati-goetta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith,_Steve2007" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Steve; et al. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Sh4DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA144">"Are You Ready For Cincinnati?"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Magazine</i>. Cincinnati USA City Guide. p. 144. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327033029/https://books.google.com/books?id=Sh4DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA144#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Magazine&rft.atitle=Are+You+Ready+For+Cincinnati%3F&rft.pages=144&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Smith%2C+Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSh4DAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA144&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPandolfi2021" class="citation news cs1">Pandolfi, Keith (July 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati.com/story/entertainment/dining/2021/07/18/cincinnati-world-capital-mock-turtle-soup-heres-why/7880853002/">"Why Cincinnati is the world capital of mock turtle soup"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327033025/https://subscribe.cincinnati.com/restricted?return=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fentertainment%2Fdining%2F2021%2F07%2F18%2Fcincinnati-world-capital-mock-turtle-soup-heres-why%2F7880853002%2F&sltsgmt=0051_B&gps-source=CPROADBLOCKDH">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Why+Cincinnati+is+the+world+capital+of+mock+turtle+soup&rft.date=2021-07-18&rft.aulast=Pandolfi&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fentertainment%2Fdining%2F2021%2F07%2F18%2Fcincinnati-world-capital-mock-turtle-soup-heres-why%2F7880853002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoellert2015" class="citation book cs1">Woellert, Dann (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xphoCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA171"><i>Historic Restaurants of Cincinnati</i></a>. American Palate. p. 171. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781625855398" title="Special:BookSources/9781625855398"><bdi>9781625855398</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230408154758/https://books.google.com/books?id=xphoCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA171">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 19,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historic+Restaurants+of+Cincinnati&rft.pages=171&rft.pub=American+Palate&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781625855398&rft.aulast=Woellert&rft.aufirst=Dann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxphoCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA171&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Labov_2006-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Labov_2006_144-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLabovAshBoberg2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Labov" title="William Labov">Labov, William</a>; Ash, Sharon; Boberg, Charles (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qa4-dFqi6iMC&pg=PA136"><i>The Atlas of North American English: Phonetics, Phonology, and Sound Change</i></a>. Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/Walter_de_Gruyter" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter de Gruyter">Walter de Gruyter</a>. p. 276. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3110167467" title="Special:BookSources/978-3110167467"><bdi>978-3110167467</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161204032952/https://books.google.com/books?id=qa4-dFqi6iMC&pg=PA136">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Atlas+of+North+American+English%3A+Phonetics%2C+Phonology%2C+and+Sound+Change&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-3110167467&rft.aulast=Labov&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Ash%2C+Sharon&rft.au=Boberg%2C+Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dqa4-dFqi6iMC%26pg%3DPA136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Labov_2011-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Labov_2011_145-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLabov2011" class="citation book cs1">Labov, William (July 5, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uwMTUk4g2IoC&pg=PT371"><i>Principles of Linguistic Change: Cognitive and Cultural Factors</i></a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. 15.6.3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1444351460" title="Special:BookSources/978-1444351460"><bdi>978-1444351460</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161204022723/https://books.google.com/books?id=uwMTUk4g2IoC&pg=PT371">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Principles+of+Linguistic+Change%3A+Cognitive+and+Cultural+Factors&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=15.6.3&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2011-07-05&rft.isbn=978-1444351460&rft.aulast=Labov&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuwMTUk4g2IoC%26pg%3DPT371&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boberg-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Boberg_146-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBobergStrassel2000" class="citation journal cs1">Boberg, Charles; Strassel, Stephanie M. (June 2000). "Short-a in Cincinnati: A Change in Progress". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_English_Linguistics" title="Journal of English Linguistics">Journal of English Linguistics</a></i>. <b>28</b> (2): 108–126. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00754240022004929">10.1177/00754240022004929</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0075-4242">0075-4242</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144201079">144201079</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+English+Linguistics&rft.atitle=Short-a+in+Cincinnati%3A+A+Change+in+Progress&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=108-126&rft.date=2000-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144201079%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0075-4242&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F00754240022004929&rft.aulast=Boberg&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.au=Strassel%2C+Stephanie+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ash-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ash_147-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsh2006" class="citation book cs1">Ash, Sharon (January 1, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WxTrasumR18C&pg=PA294">"The North American Midland as a dialect area"</a>. In Murray, Thomas Edward; Simon, Beth Lee (eds.). <i>Language Variation and Change in the American Midland: A New Look at 'Heartland' English</i>. Amsterdam: <a href="/wiki/John_Benjamins_Publishing_Company" title="John Benjamins Publishing Company">John Benjamins Publishing Company</a>. p. 55. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-272-4896-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-272-4896-1"><bdi>978-90-272-4896-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327032905/https://books.google.com/books?id=WxTrasumR18C&pg=PA294#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+North+American+Midland+as+a+dialect+area&rft.btitle=Language+Variation+and+Change+in+the+American+Midland%3A+A+New+Look+at+%27Heartland%27+English&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.isbn=978-90-272-4896-1&rft.aulast=Ash&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWxTrasumR18C%26pg%3DPA294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uc.edu/ucomm/resources/stylebook/idioms_jargon.html">"UC Idioms and Jargon"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221174125/http://www.uc.edu/ucomm/resources/stylebook/idioms_jargon.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UC+Idioms+and+Jargon&rft.pub=University+of+Cincinnati&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uc.edu%2Fucomm%2Fresources%2Fstylebook%2Fidioms_jargon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaccariello2014" class="citation journal cs1">Vaccariello, Linda (January 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnatimagazine.com/article/how-to-speak-cincinnatiese/">"How To: Speak Cincinnatiese"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_(magazine)" title="Cincinnati (magazine)">Cincinnati</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141219133853/http://www.cincinnatimagazine.com/article/how-to-speak-cincinnatiese/">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati&rft.atitle=How+To%3A+Speak+Cincinnatiese&rft.date=2014-01-21&rft.aulast=Vaccariello&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnatimagazine.com%2Farticle%2Fhow-to-speak-cincinnatiese%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080217030812/http://www.redshistory.com/Timeline/1866-1875.htm">"1866 to 1875"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redshistory.com/Timeline/1866-1875.htm">the original</a> on February 17, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1866+to+1875&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.redshistory.com%2FTimeline%2F1866-1875.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080420090148/http://www.redshistory.com/Timeline/1876-1881.htm">"1876 to 1881"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redshistory.com/Timeline/1876-1881.htm">the original</a> on April 20, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1876+to+1881&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.redshistory.com%2FTimeline%2F1876-1881.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080419104122/http://www.redshistory.com/Timeline/1882-1889.htm">"1882 to 1889"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redshistory.com/Timeline/1882-1889.htm">the original</a> on April 19, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1882+to+1889&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.redshistory.com%2FTimeline%2F1882-1889.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sarasota_HT_Opening_Day-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sarasota_HT_Opening_Day_153-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1755&dat=20000403&id=LyAiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=u34EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6569,5394898">"Today, dads let kids skip school"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sarasota_Herald-Tribune" title="Sarasota Herald-Tribune">Sarasota Herald-Tribune</a></i>. Sarasota, Florida. April 3, 2000. p. 5C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131208115155/http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1755&dat=20000403&id=LyAiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=u34EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6569,5394898">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2010</span>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'We'd skip school,' <a href="/wiki/Ken_Griffey_Jr." title="Ken Griffey Jr.">Ken Griffey Jr.</a> said Sunday, when asked for his favorite opening day memory. 'My son's skipping school on opening day. It's a tradition. Cincinnati expects that a lot of kids are not going to be there.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sarasota+Herald-Tribune&rft.atitle=Today%2C+dads+let+kids+skip+school&rft.pages=5C&rft.date=2000-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1755%26dat%3D20000403%26id%3DLyAiAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3Du34EAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6569%2C5394898&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/mayors-fighting-Queen-City-nickname-Panthers-Bengals">"Mayors want 'Queen City' debate settled in Carolina-Cincy game"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>. October 7, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191210093626/https://www.si.com/mayors-fighting-Queen-City-nickname-Panthers-Bengals">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Mayors+want+%27Queen+City%27+debate+settled+in+Carolina-Cincy+game&rft.date=2014-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fmayors-fighting-Queen-City-nickname-Panthers-Bengals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/soccer-insider/wp/2016/04/18/monday-kickaround-andy-najar-acl-injury-mls-refs-nwsl-and-usl-crowds/">"Monday kickaround: Andy Najar ACL injury, MLS refs, NWSL and USL crowds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160508194308/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/soccer-insider/wp/2016/04/18/monday-kickaround-andy-najar-acl-injury-mls-refs-nwsl-and-usl-crowds/">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 21,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Monday+kickaround%3A+Andy+Najar+ACL+injury%2C+MLS+refs%2C+NWSL+and+USL+crowds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fsoccer-insider%2Fwp%2F2016%2F04%2F18%2Fmonday-kickaround-andy-najar-acl-injury-mls-refs-nwsl-and-usl-crowds%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennan2016" class="citation web cs1">Brennan, Patrick (May 14, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/sports/soccer/fc-cincinnati/2016/05/14/mclaughlins-goal-gives-fc-cincy-1-0-lead-half/84382158/">"Another record crowd turns out to watch FC Cincy win"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327102830/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/sports/soccer/fc-cincinnati/2016/05/14/mclaughlins-goal-gives-fc-cincy-1-0-lead-half/84382158/">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Another+record+crowd+turns+out+to+watch+FC+Cincy+win&rft.date=2016-05-14&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fsports%2Fsoccer%2Ffc-cincinnati%2F2016%2F05%2F14%2Fmclaughlins-goal-gives-fc-cincy-1-0-lead-half%2F84382158%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2018/05/29/fc-cincinnati-named-26th-mls-team-starting-play-2019">"Cincinnati awarded MLS expansion club, will start play in 2019"</a> (Press release). Major League Soccer. May 29, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612112808/https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2018/05/29/fc-cincinnati-named-26th-mls-team-starting-play-2019">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 31,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+awarded+MLS+expansion+club%2C+will+start+play+in+2019&rft.pub=Major+League+Soccer&rft.date=2018-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlssoccer.com%2Fpost%2F2018%2F05%2F29%2Ffc-cincinnati-named-26th-mls-team-starting-play-2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCreditor" class="citation magazine cs1">Creditor, Avi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/soccer/2018/05/29/mls-expansion-cincinnati-team-don-garber">"Cincinnati Follows Nashville With Winning MLS Expansion Bid in Growth to 28 Teams"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190329230959/https://www.si.com/soccer/2018/05/29/mls-expansion-cincinnati-team-don-garber">Archived</a> from the original on March 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+Follows+Nashville+With+Winning+MLS+Expansion+Bid+in+Growth+to+28+Teams&rft.aulast=Creditor&rft.aufirst=Avi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fsoccer%2F2018%2F05%2F29%2Fmls-expansion-cincinnati-team-don-garber&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncaa.com/history/basketball-men/d1">"DI Men's National Championship History"</a>. <i>ncaa.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626150957/http://www.ncaa.com/history/basketball-men/d1">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ncaa.com&rft.atitle=DI+Men%27s+National+Championship+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncaa.com%2Fhistory%2Fbasketball-men%2Fd1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/mlb/attendance">"2023 Major League Baseball Attendance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>. 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231113131843/https://www.espn.com/mlb/attendance">Archived</a> from the original on November 13, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2023+Major+League+Baseball+Attendance&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fmlb%2Fattendance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_records/Attendance/2016.pdf">"2016 National College Football Attendance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">National Collegiate Athletic Association</a>. April 19, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170605041022/http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_records/Attendance/2016.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on June 5, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2016+National+College+Football+Attendance&rft.pub=National+Collegiate+Athletic+Association&rft.date=2017-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffs.ncaa.org%2FDocs%2Fstats%2Ffootball_records%2FAttendance%2F2016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2016NCAAMBAttendance-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2016NCAAMBAttendance_162-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016NCAAMBAttendance_162-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/m_basketball_RB/Reports/attend/2016.pdf">"2016 NCAA Men's Basketball Attendance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">National Collegiate Athletic Association</a>. April 19, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517015329/http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/m_basketball_RB/Reports/attend/2016.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 17, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2016+NCAA+Men%27s+Basketball+Attendance&rft.pub=National+Collegiate+Athletic+Association&rft.date=2017-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffs.ncaa.org%2FDocs%2Fstats%2Fm_basketball_RB%2FReports%2Fattend%2F2016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/nfl/attendance/_/year/2022">"2022 NFL Football Attendance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>. 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230923013923/https://www.espn.com/nfl/attendance/_/year/2022">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2022+NFL+Football+Attendance&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fnfl%2Fattendance%2F_%2Fyear%2F2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hockeydb.com/nhl-attendance/att_graph_season.php?lid=ECHL2004&sid=2020">"ECHL 2019-20 Attendance Graph"</a>. hockeyDB.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210425185359/https://www.hockeydb.com/nhl-attendance/att_graph_season.php?lid=ECHL2004&sid=2020">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ECHL+2019-20+Attendance+Graph&rft.pub=hockeyDB.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hockeydb.com%2Fnhl-attendance%2Fatt_graph_season.php%3Flid%3DECHL2004%26sid%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uslsoccer.com/news_article/show/703007">"USL Total Attendance Soars by 33 Percent in 2016"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Soccer_League" title="United Soccer League">United Soccer League</a>. September 28, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170708210310/http://www.uslsoccer.com/news_article/show/703007">Archived</a> from the original on July 8, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USL+Total+Attendance+Soars+by+33+Percent+in+2016&rft.pub=United+Soccer+League&rft.date=2016-09-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uslsoccer.com%2Fnews_article%2Fshow%2F703007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinden-Ward1993" class="citation journal cs1">Linden-Ward, Blanche (Spring 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190726154354/http://library.cincymuseum.org/journals/files/qch/v51/n1/qch-v51-n1-gre-020.pdf">"The Greening of Cincinnati: Adolph Strauch's Legacy in Park Design"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Queen City Heritage</i>: 20–39. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.cincymuseum.org/journals/files/qch/v51/n1/qch-v51-n1-gre-020.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 26, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Queen+City+Heritage&rft.atitle=The+Greening+of+Cincinnati%3A+Adolph+Strauch%27s+Legacy+in+Park+Design&rft.ssn=spring&rft.pages=20-39&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Linden-Ward&rft.aufirst=Blanche&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.cincymuseum.org%2Fjournals%2Ffiles%2Fqch%2Fv51%2Fn1%2Fqch-v51-n1-gre-020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Fountain. 2016. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://myfountainsquare.com/history/">"Fountain Square"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200513073438/https://myfountainsquare.com/history/">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fountain+Square&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmyfountainsquare.com%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cincinnati.newspapers.com/newspage/103177479/">"Odds & Ends: Riverfront plan, food and disease, easy governing"</a></span>. Editorial. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. November 4, 1981. p. A6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240309085126/http://cincinnati.newspapers.com/newspage/103177479/">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2015</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Odds+%26+Ends%3A+Riverfront+plan%2C+food+and+disease%2C+easy+governing&rft.pages=A6&rft.date=1981-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcincinnati.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F103177479%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cincinnatizoo.org/about-us/history-and-vision/">"History, Mission and Vision – The Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110502052422/http://cincinnatizoo.org/about-us/history-and-vision/">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History%2C+Mission+and+Vision+%E2%80%93+The+Cincinnati+Zoo+%26+Botanical+Garden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcincinnatizoo.org%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory-and-vision%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.10best.com/awards/travel/best-us-zoo/">"Best US Zoos: 10Best Readers' Choice Travel Awards"</a>. 10best.com. May 21, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180305091823/http://www.10best.com/awards/travel/best-us-zoo/">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Best+US+Zoos%3A+10Best+Readers%27+Choice+Travel+Awards&rft.pub=10best.com&rft.date=2014-05-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.10best.com%2Fawards%2Ftravel%2Fbest-us-zoo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.10best.com/awards/travel/best-zoo-2019/">"Best zoo in North America? Readers choose Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden"</a>. <i>USA Today 10 Best</i>. USA Today. May 3, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230610052606/https://www.10best.com/awards/travel/best-zoo-2019/">Archived</a> from the original on June 10, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today+10+Best&rft.atitle=Best+zoo+in+North+America%3F+Readers+choose+Cincinnati+Zoo+%26+Botanical+Garden&rft.date=2019-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.10best.com%2Fawards%2Ftravel%2Fbest-zoo-2019%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-amy-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-amy_172-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/articles/Brief%20History%20of%20PR.htm">Douglas J. Amy, "A Brief History of Proportional Representation in the United States"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140916114636/https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/articles/Brief%20History%20of%20PR.htm">Archived</a> September 16, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, revised version of "The Forgotten History of the Single Transferable Vote in the United States", in <i>Representation</i> 34, number 1 (Winter 1996/7), accessed March 30, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pr-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pr_173-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_L._Barber" title="Kathleen L. Barber">Kathleen L. Barber</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/OrderDesk/barber.htm"><i>PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION AND ELECTION REFORM IN OHIO</i> (excerpt)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150502102136/https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/OrderDesk/barber.htm">Archived</a> May 2, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1995, pp. Introduction</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://city-egov.cincinnati-oh.gov/Webtop/ws/council/public/child/Blob/33497.pdf?rpp=-10&m=2&w=doc_no%3D%27201101139%2">"City of Cincinnati Council, Resolution No. 47-2011"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. October 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+of+Cincinnati+Council%2C+Resolution+No.+47-2011&rft.date=2011-10-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcity-egov.cincinnati-oh.gov%2FWebtop%2Fws%2Fcouncil%2Fpublic%2Fchild%2FBlob%2F33497.pdf%3Frpp%3D-10%26m%3D2%26w%3Ddoc_no%253D%2527201101139%252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2019">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/2017/01/30/cranley-announce-cincinnati-sanctuary-city/97240174/">"Cincinnati now a 'sanctuary city.' What's that mean?"</a>. <i>Cincinnati.com</i>. January 30, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190831062419/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/2017/01/30/cranley-announce-cincinnati-sanctuary-city/97240174/">Archived</a> from the original on August 31, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=Cincinnati+now+a+%27sanctuary+city.%27+What%27s+that+mean%3F&rft.date=2017-01-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2F01%2F30%2Fcranley-announce-cincinnati-sanctuary-city%2F97240174%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dave's-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dave's_176-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://davesredistricting.org/maps#viewmap::64d56870-70ea-4f4d-b667-9a4fd60ac511">"Dave's Redistricting"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231114135210/https://davesredistricting.org/maps#viewmap::64d56870-70ea-4f4d-b667-9a4fd60ac511">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dave%27s+Redistricting&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdavesredistricting.org%2Fmaps%23viewmap%3A%3A64d56870-70ea-4f4d-b667-9a4fd60ac511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/">"Home – Fire"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141129041340/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Home+%E2%80%93+Fire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Ffire%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/">"About The Cincinnati Fire Department – Fire"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141025183031/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+The+Cincinnati+Fire+Department+%E2%80%93+Fire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Ffire%2Fabout-fire%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cincinnati-oh.gov-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cincinnati-oh.gov_179-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cincinnati-oh.gov_179-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/operations-bureau/">"Operations Bureau – Fire"</a>. <i>cincinnati-oh.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203081408/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/operations-bureau/">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cincinnati-oh.gov&rft.atitle=Operations+Bureau+%E2%80%93+Fire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Ffire%2Fabout-fire%2Foperations-bureau%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfdhistory.com/index.php">"Cincinnati Fire Department History and Photos"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141129021402/http://www.cfdhistory.com/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+Fire+Department+History+and+Photos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfdhistory.com%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/personnel-training/">"Personnel & Training – Fire"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141129042054/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/personnel-training/">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Personnel+%26+Training+%E2%80%93+Fire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Ffire%2Fabout-fire%2Fpersonnel-training%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/administrative-services/">"Administrative Services Bureau – Fire"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141129042052/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/administrative-services/">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Administrative+Services+Bureau+%E2%80%93+Fire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Ffire%2Fabout-fire%2Fadministrative-services%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/fire-prevention/">"Fire Prevention Bureau – Fire"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141030084754/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/fire/about-fire/fire-prevention/">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fire+Prevention+Bureau+%E2%80%93+Fire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Ffire%2Fabout-fire%2Ffire-prevention%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110827024007/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-72823886.html">"Crime Rate Dropping Slightly Murders, Rapes Up, Says New FBI Study"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-72823886.html">the original</a> on August 27, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crime+Rate+Dropping+Slightly+Murders%2C+Rapes+Up%2C+Says+New+FBI+Study&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-72823886.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSemuels2015" class="citation news cs1">Semuels, Alana (May 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905212959/http://www.routefifty.com/2015/05/fix-broken-police-department/114028/">"How to Fix a Broken Police Department"</a>. <i>Route Fifty</i>. <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Media" title="Atlantic Media">Atlantic Media</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.routefifty.com/2015/05/fix-broken-police-department/114028/">the original</a> on September 5, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Route+Fifty&rft.atitle=How+to+Fix+a+Broken+Police+Department&rft.date=2015-05-29&rft.aulast=Semuels&rft.aufirst=Alana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.routefifty.com%2F2015%2F05%2Ffix-broken-police-department%2F114028%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWetterich2024" class="citation news cs1">Wetterich, Chris (January 2, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2024/01/02/new-city-council-sworn-in-gun-violence-top-concern.html">"Nearly every Cincinnati council member mentioned gun violence as they took office"</a>. Cincinnati Business Courier. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327032905/https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2024/01/02/new-city-council-sworn-in-gun-violence-top-concern.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nearly+every+Cincinnati+council+member+mentioned+gun+violence+as+they+took+office&rft.date=2024-01-02&rft.aulast=Wetterich&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fcincinnati%2Fnews%2F2024%2F01%2F02%2Fnew-city-council-sworn-in-gun-violence-top-concern.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_187-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_187-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodsonWesley1922" class="citation book cs1">Woodson, Carter G.; Wesley, Charles Harris (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/negroinourhisto01woodgoog"><i>The Negro in Our History</i></a>. Associated Publishers (digitized from original at University of Michigan Library). p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/negroinourhisto01woodgoog/page/n162">140</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Negro+in+Our+History&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=Associated+Publishers+%28digitized+from+original+at+University+of+Michigan+Library%29&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Woodson&rft.aufirst=Carter+G.&rft.au=Wesley%2C+Charles+Harris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnegroinourhisto01woodgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iath.virginia.edu/utc/abolitn/mobhp.html">"The Pro-Slavery Riot in Cincinnati"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080918235047/http://www.iath.virginia.edu/utc/abolitn/mobhp.html">Archived</a> September 18, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Abolitionism 1830–1850, <i>Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture</i>, University of Virginia, 1998–2007, accessed January 14, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Levi Coffin, <i>Reminiscences of Levi Coffin, the reputed president of the underground railroad: being a brief history of the labors of a lifetime in behalf of the slave, with the stories of numerous fugitives, who gained their freedom through his instrumentality, and many other incidents</i>, Cincinnati: Western Tract Society, University of Michigan Library</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/unrest/">"Cincinnati.Com – Your Key to the City"</a>. <i>cincinnati.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706105950/http://cincinnati.com/unrest/">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=Cincinnati.Com+%E2%80%93+Your+Key+to+the+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Funrest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-collaborative-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-collaborative_191-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2011-04-03-cincinnati-riots-anniversary_N.htm">"Ohio – 2001 riots led to top-down change for Cincinnati police"</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150306044158/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2011-04-03-cincinnati-riots-anniversary_N.htm">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Ohio+%E2%80%93+2001+riots+led+to+top-down+change+for+Cincinnati+police&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusatoday30.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F2011-04-03-cincinnati-riots-anniversary_N.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerrell2016" class="citation news cs1">Ferrell, Nikki (November 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlwt.com/article/everything-you-should-know-about-the-ray-tensing-murder-trial/7146075">"Everything you should know about the Ray Tensing murder mistrial"</a>. <i>WLWT</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161202035118/http://www.wlwt.com/article/everything-you-should-know-about-the-ray-tensing-murder-trial/7146075">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WLWT&rft.atitle=Everything+you+should+know+about+the+Ray+Tensing+murder+mistrial&rft.date=2016-11-28&rft.aulast=Ferrell&rft.aufirst=Nikki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlwt.com%2Farticle%2Feverything-you-should-know-about-the-ray-tensing-murder-trial%2F7146075&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlau" class="citation news cs1">Blau, Max. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/01/us/ray-tensing-trial/index.html">"Ray Tensing trial explained: What to know"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161202041534/http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/01/us/ray-tensing-trial/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ray+Tensing+trial+explained%3A+What+to+know&rft.aulast=Blau&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2016%2F11%2F01%2Fus%2Fray-tensing-trial%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2016/11/12/protesters-demand-tensing-retrial/93719058/">"Black Lives Matter finds allies to protest Tensing decision"</a>. <i>Cincinnati.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201202080024/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2016/11/12/protesters-demand-tensing-retrial/93719058/">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=Black+Lives+Matter+finds+allies+to+protest+Tensing+decision&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2016%2F11%2F12%2Fprotesters-demand-tensing-retrial%2F93719058%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamrick2015" class="citation news cs1">Hamrick, Brian (July 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlwt.com/article/black-lives-matter-holds-rally-on-uc-campus-for-sam-dubose/3556439">"Black Lives Matter holds rally on UC campus for Sam Dubose"</a>. WLWT. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161202035531/http://www.wlwt.com/article/black-lives-matter-holds-rally-on-uc-campus-for-sam-dubose/3556439">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Black+Lives+Matter+holds+rally+on+UC+campus+for+Sam+Dubose&rft.date=2015-07-27&rft.aulast=Hamrick&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlwt.com%2Farticle%2Fblack-lives-matter-holds-rally-on-uc-campus-for-sam-dubose%2F3556439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSanchez" class="citation news cs1">Sanchez, Ray. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/12/us/cincinnati-ray-tensing-verdict/index.html">"Mistrial in murder trial of Ex-University of Cincinnati cop"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161202100928/http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/12/us/cincinnati-ray-tensing-verdict/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mistrial+in+murder+trial+of+Ex-University+of+Cincinnati+cop&rft.aulast=Sanchez&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2016%2F11%2F12%2Fus%2Fcincinnati-ray-tensing-verdict%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoble2017" class="citation web cs1">Noble, Greg (July 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/crime/prosecutor-joe-deters-decides-not-to-try-ray-tensing-third-time-in-killing-of-sam-dubose">"Prosecutor Joe Deters decides not to try Ray Tensing third time in killing of Sam DuBose"</a>. WCPO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170721235711/http://www.wcpo.com/news/crime/prosecutor-joe-deters-decides-not-to-try-ray-tensing-third-time-in-killing-of-sam-dubose">Archived</a> from the original on July 21, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prosecutor+Joe+Deters+decides+not+to+try+Ray+Tensing+third+time+in+killing+of+Sam+DuBose&rft.pub=WCPO&rft.date=2017-07-18&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2Fprosecutor-joe-deters-decides-not-to-try-ray-tensing-third-time-in-killing-of-sam-dubose&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKee2016" class="citation news cs1">McKee, Marais Jacon-Duffy, Pat LaFleur, Tom (October 25, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161202101219/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/family-of-sam-dubose-settles-with-uc-for-48m-plus-free-tuition-for-12-children">"Family of Sam DuBose settles with UC for $4.8M plus free tuition for 12 children"</a>. WCPO. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/hamilton-county/cincinnati/family-of-sam-dubose-settles-with-uc-for-48m-plus-free-tuition-for-12-children">the original</a> on December 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Family+of+Sam+DuBose+settles+with+UC+for+%244.8M+plus+free+tuition+for+12+children&rft.date=2016-10-25&rft.aulast=McKee&rft.aufirst=Marais+Jacon-Duffy%2C+Pat+LaFleur%2C+Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fhamilton-county%2Fcincinnati%2Ffamily-of-sam-dubose-settles-with-uc-for-48m-plus-free-tuition-for-12-children&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150211100717/http://www.dispatch.com/content/pages/data/school-education/school-rankings/school-district-rankings.html">"Ohio school district rankings"</a>. <i>The Columbus Dispatch</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dispatch.com/content/pages/data/school-education/school-rankings/school-district-rankings.html">the original</a> on February 11, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Columbus+Dispatch&rft.atitle=Ohio+school+district+rankings&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dispatch.com%2Fcontent%2Fpages%2Fdata%2Fschool-education%2Fschool-rankings%2Fschool-district-rankings.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://clark.cps-k12.org/">"Clark Montessori"</a>. Clark.cps-k12.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005000302/http://clark.cps-k12.org/">Archived</a> from the original on October 5, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clark+Montessori&rft.pub=Clark.cps-k12.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclark.cps-k12.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rabbihorowitz.com/PYes/SchoolDetails.cfm?School_ID=649">"RabbiHorowitz.com"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402105428/http://www.rabbihorowitz.com/PYes/SchoolDetails.cfm?School_ID=649">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RabbiHorowitz.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rabbihorowitz.com%2FPYes%2FSchoolDetails.cfm%3FSchool_ID%3D649&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ylcincinnati.com/sites/default/files/doc/YLCBrochure.pdf">"Brochure"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ylcincinnati.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150121035116/http://www.ylcincinnati.com/sites/default/files/doc/YLCBrochure.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on January 21, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ylcincinnati.com&rft.atitle=Brochure&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ylcincinnati.com%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdoc%2FYLCBrochure.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAiesha_D_Little2007" class="citation web cs1">Aiesha D Little (August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lPj0H3b5JQgC&pg=PA112">"A League of Their Own"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Magazine</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327032905/https://books.google.com/books?id=lPj0H3b5JQgC&pg=PA112#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2015</span>. <q>...girls get the extra leadership and academic push they need to get on to the path to success in college and in life... <a href="/wiki/Mother_of_Mercy_High_School_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="Mother of Mercy High School (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Mother of Mercy High School</a>... <a href="/wiki/Mount_Notre_Dame_High_School" title="Mount Notre Dame High School">Mt Notre Dame High School</a>... Notre Dame Academy... <a href="/wiki/St._Ursula_Academy_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="St. Ursula Academy (Cincinnati, Ohio)">St Ursula Academy</a>... <a href="/wiki/McAuley_High_School_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="McAuley High School (Cincinnati, Ohio)">McAuley High School</a>... <a href="/wiki/Ursuline_Academy_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="Ursuline Academy (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Ursuline Academy of Cincinnati</a>...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+League+of+Their+Own&rft.date=2007-08&rft.au=Aiesha+D+Little&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlPj0H3b5JQgC%26pg%3DPA112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKatherine_L_Sontag2007" class="citation web cs1">Katherine L Sontag (August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lPj0H3b5JQgC&pg=PA113">"No Girls Allowed"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Magazine</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327033417/https://books.google.com/books?id=lPj0H3b5JQgC&pg=PA113#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2015</span>. <q>The all-male prep schools in the share similar traits-- faith-based service opportunities, strong sports programs, tradition, and lots of testosterone...<a href="/wiki/Covington_Catholic_High_School" title="Covington Catholic High School">Covington Catholic High School</a>...<a href="/wiki/Elder_High_School" title="Elder High School">Elder High School</a>... <a href="/wiki/La_Salle_High_School_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="La Salle High School (Cincinnati, Ohio)">La Salle High School</a>... Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Moeller_High_School" title="Moeller High School">Moeller High School</a>...<a href="/wiki/Father_Stephen_T._Badin_High_School" title="Father Stephen T. Badin High School">Stephen T Badin High School</a>... <a href="/wiki/St._Xavier_High_School_(Cincinnati)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Xavier High School (Cincinnati)">St Xavier High School</a></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Magazine&rft.atitle=No+Girls+Allowed&rft.date=2007-08&rft.au=Katherine+L+Sontag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlPj0H3b5JQgC%26pg%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uc.edu/news/articles/2023/09/census-figures-show-the-university-of-cincinnati-is-just-shy-of-51000-students.html">"UC growth continues as Big 12 newbie admits largest class"</a>. <i>University of Cincinnati</i>. September 15, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231107045742/https://www.uc.edu/news/articles/2023/09/census-figures-show-the-university-of-cincinnati-is-just-shy-of-51000-students.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Cincinnati&rft.atitle=UC+growth+continues+as+Big+12+newbie+admits+largest+class&rft.date=2023-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uc.edu%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2023%2F09%2Fcensus-figures-show-the-university-of-cincinnati-is-just-shy-of-51000-students.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libapps.libraries.uc.edu/liblog/2017/09/langsam-library-exhibit-marks-the-500th-anniversary-of-the-reformation/">"Langsam Library Exhibit Marks the 500th Anniversary of the Reformation"</a>. The University of Cincinnati. September 11, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225044857/https://libapps.libraries.uc.edu/liblog/2017/09/langsam-library-exhibit-marks-the-500th-anniversary-of-the-reformation/">Archived</a> from the original on December 25, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Langsam+Library+Exhibit+Marks+the+500th+Anniversary+of+the+Reformation&rft.pub=The+University+of+Cincinnati&rft.date=2017-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibapps.libraries.uc.edu%2Fliblog%2F2017%2F09%2Flangsam-library-exhibit-marks-the-500th-anniversary-of-the-reformation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.CincinnatiArtMuseum.Org/Durer//">"Albrecht Dürer: The Age of Reformation and Renaissance"</a>. The Cincinnati Art Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171227061916/http://www.cincinnatiartmuseum.org/Durer//">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Albrecht+D%C3%BCrer%3A+The+Age+of+Reformation+and+Renaissance&rft.pub=The+Cincinnati+Art+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.CincinnatiArtMuseum.Org%2FDurer%2F%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libapps.libraries.uc.edu/liblog/2017/11/albrecht-durer-a-reformation-era-artist-daap-library/">"Albrecht Dürer: A Reformation-Era Artist @ DAAP Library"</a>. The University of Cincinnati. November 15, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171227122005/https://libapps.libraries.uc.edu/liblog/2017/11/albrecht-durer-a-reformation-era-artist-daap-library/">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Albrecht+D%C3%BCrer%3A+A+Reformation-Era+Artist+%40+DAAP+Library&rft.pub=The+University+of+Cincinnati&rft.date=2017-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibapps.libraries.uc.edu%2Fliblog%2F2017%2F11%2Falbrecht-durer-a-reformation-era-artist-daap-library%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libguides.ala.org/librarystatistics/largest-public-libs">"The Nation's Largest Public Libraries: Top 25 Rankings"</a>. <i>American Library Association</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231201154217/https://libguides.ala.org/librarystatistics/largest-public-libs">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Library+Association&rft.atitle=The+Nation%27s+Largest+Public+Libraries%3A+Top+25+Rankings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibguides.ala.org%2Flibrarystatistics%2Flargest-public-libs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citybeat.com/">"City Beat"</a>. City Beat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070513213336/http://www.citybeat.com/">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+Beat&rft.pub=City+Beat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitybeat.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220224031435/https://oaaa.org/Portals/0/Public%20PDFs/OAAA%202021%20NIELSEN%20DMA%20Rankings%20Report.pdf">"2017 Nielsen DMA Rankings – Full List – Lyons Broadcast PR"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Out of Home Advertising Association of America</i>. January 19, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oaaa.org/Portals/0/Public%20PDFs/OAAA%202021%20NIELSEN%20DMA%20Rankings%20Report.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on February 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Out+of+Home+Advertising+Association+of+America&rft.atitle=2017+Nielsen+DMA+Rankings+%E2%80%93+Full+List+%E2%80%93+Lyons+Broadcast+PR&rft.date=2017-01-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foaaa.org%2FPortals%2F0%2FPublic%2520PDFs%2FOAAA%25202021%2520NIELSEN%2520DMA%2520Rankings%2520Report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson-Rouslin1978" class="citation journal cs1">Watson-Rouslin, Virginia (February 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JQsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA53">"Channel 48: A Muttering Voice in the T.V. Wilderness"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Magazine">Cincinnati Magazine</a></i>: 53. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130603023613/http://books.google.com/books?id=JQsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA53">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Magazine&rft.atitle=Channel+48%3A+A+Muttering+Voice+in+the+T.V.+Wilderness&rft.pages=53&rft.date=1978-02&rft.aulast=Watson-Rouslin&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJQsDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ratings.radio-online.com/cgi-bin/rol.exe/arb031">"#30 Cincinnati"</a>. <i>Radio Online</i>. December 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180111202041/https://ratings.radio-online.com/cgi-bin/rol.exe/arb031">Archived</a> from the original on January 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radio+Online&rft.atitle=%2330+Cincinnati&rft.date=2017-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fratings.radio-online.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Frol.exe%2Farb031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnatimagazine.com/article/tanner-moeves-brings-back-live-hip-hop/">"Soul Serum Brings Back Live Hip-Hop"</a>. November 2, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230119100247/https://www.cincinnatimagazine.com/article/tanner-moeves-brings-back-live-hip-hop/">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Soul+Serum+Brings+Back+Live+Hip-Hop&rft.date=2022-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnatimagazine.com%2Farticle%2Ftanner-moeves-brings-back-live-hip-hop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111020120307/http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2012/tables/12s1118.pdf">"Transit Ridership in Selected Urbanized Areas - US Census Bureau"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2012/tables/12s1118.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on October 20, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Transit+Ridership+in+Selected+Urbanized+Areas+-+US+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fcompendia%2Fstatab%2F2012%2Ftables%2F12s1118.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citylab.com/commute/2011/09/substantial-increases-bike-ridership-across-nation/161/">"Is Bicycle Commuting Really Catching On? And if So, Where?"</a>. <i>Bloomberg.com</i>. September 21, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170131105808/http://www.citylab.com/commute/2011/09/substantial-increases-bike-ridership-across-nation/161/">Archived</a> from the original on January 31, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Is+Bicycle+Commuting+Really+Catching+On%3F+And+if+So%2C+Where%3F&rft.date=2011-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.citylab.com%2Fcommute%2F2011%2F09%2Fsubstantial-increases-bike-ridership-across-nation%2F161%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.governing.com/gov-data/car-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html">"Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Data and Map"</a>. <i>Governing</i>. December 9, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180511162014/http://www.governing.com/gov-data/car-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 4,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Governing&rft.atitle=Car+Ownership+in+U.S.+Cities+Data+and+Map&rft.date=2014-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.governing.com%2Fgov-data%2Fcar-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger2003" class="citation book cs1">Singer, Allen J. (May 26, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y7F8zr3DwTsC"><i>The Cincinnati Subway: History of Rapid Transit</i></a>. Images of America Series. Mount Pleasant, SC: <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_Publishing" title="Arcadia Publishing">Arcadia Publishing</a>. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7385-2314-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7385-2314-9"><bdi>978-0-7385-2314-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327033413/https://books.google.com/books?id=Y7F8zr3DwTsC">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cincinnati+Subway%3A+History+of+Rapid+Transit&rft.place=Mount+Pleasant%2C+SC&rft.series=Images+of+America+Series&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2003-05-26&rft.isbn=978-0-7385-2314-9&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Allen+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY7F8zr3DwTsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecincinnatisubway.com">"Cincinnati's Abandoned Subway"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190727041551/http://www.thecincinnatisubway.com/">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%27s+Abandoned+Subway&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecincinnatisubway.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-transit.net/subway.html">"CINCINNATI SUBWAY"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160217185715/http://www.cincinnati-transit.net/subway.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CINCINNATI+SUBWAY&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-transit.net%2Fsubway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wlwt.com/news/supplier-issues-may-delay-cincinnati-streetcar-delivery/34525774">"Report: Supplier issues may delay Cincinnati streetcar delivery"</a>. August 4, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160223052949/http://www.wlwt.com/news/supplier-issues-may-delay-cincinnati-streetcar-delivery/34525774">Archived</a> from the original on February 23, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report%3A+Supplier+issues+may+delay+Cincinnati+streetcar+delivery&rft.date=2015-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlwt.com%2Fnews%2Fsupplier-issues-may-delay-cincinnati-streetcar-delivery%2F34525774&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citybeat.com/cincinnati/article-28129-top_10_misrepresentations_of_the_cincinnati_streetcar_project.html">"Top 10 Misrepresentations of the Cincinnati Streetcar Project"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130716001911/http://www.citybeat.com/cincinnati/article-28129-top_10_misrepresentations_of_the_cincinnati_streetcar_project.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+10+Misrepresentations+of+the+Cincinnati+Streetcar+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitybeat.com%2Fcincinnati%2Farticle-28129-top_10_misrepresentations_of_the_cincinnati_streetcar_project.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2016/08/03/it-s-official-streetcar-is-under-budget.html">"It's official: Cincinnati Streetcar is under budget – Cincinnati Business Courier"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911200443/http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2016/08/03/it-s-official-streetcar-is-under-budget.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=It%27s+official%3A+Cincinnati+Streetcar+is+under+budget+%E2%80%93+Cincinnati+Business+Courier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fcincinnati%2Fnews%2F2016%2F08%2F03%2Fit-s-official-streetcar-is-under-budget.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/streetcar/how-to-ride/hours-route-and-station-stops/">"Hours, Route and Station Stops"</a>. <i>www.cincinnati-oh.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220923221526/https://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/streetcar/how-to-ride/hours-route-and-station-stops/">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cincinnati-oh.gov&rft.atitle=Hours%2C+Route+and+Station+Stops&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Fstreetcar%2Fhow-to-ride%2Fhours-route-and-station-stops%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/streetcar/about-the-streetcar/ridership-data/">"Cincinnati Bell Connector | Ridership data - Streetcar"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327033421/https://insights.cincinnati-oh.gov/stories/s/Streetcar-Ridership/n7hm-3f4b/">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati+Bell+Connector+%26%23124%3B+Ridership+data+-+Streetcar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Fstreetcar%2Fabout-the-streetcar%2Fridership-data%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130524113925/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/dote/dote-programs/hillside-steps/">"Hillside Steps – Transportation & Engineering"</a>. Cincinnati-oh.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/dote/dote-programs/hillside-steps/">the original</a> on May 24, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hillside+Steps+%E2%80%93+Transportation+%26+Engineering&rft.pub=Cincinnati-oh.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Fdote%2Fdote-programs%2Fhillside-steps%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.go-metro.com/about-metro/about2/doingbusiness/doingbusinesswithmetro/riverfront-transit-center">"Riverfront Transit Center"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728141550/https://www.go-metro.com/about-metro/about2/doingbusiness/doingbusinesswithmetro/riverfront-transit-center">Archived</a> from the original on July 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Riverfront+Transit+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.go-metro.com%2Fabout-metro%2Fabout2%2Fdoingbusiness%2Fdoingbusinesswithmetro%2Friverfront-transit-center&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeefe2011" class="citation web cs1">Keefe, Brendan (October 31, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160216100317/http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/i-team/i-team-48-million-transit-station-sits-empty">"I-Team: $48 million transit station sits empty"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/i-team/i-team-48-million-transit-station-sits-empty">the original</a> on February 16, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I-Team%3A+%2448+million+transit+station+sits+empty&rft.date=2011-10-31&rft.aulast=Keefe&rft.aufirst=Brendan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcpo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fi-team%2Fi-team-48-million-transit-station-sits-empty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/07/cincinnatis-riverfront-transit-center-attracts-criticism/">"Cincinnati's Riverfront Transit Center Attracts Criticism"</a>. July 7, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161112215226/http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/07/cincinnatis-riverfront-transit-center-attracts-criticism/">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%27s+Riverfront+Transit+Center+Attracts+Criticism&rft.date=2009-07-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetransportpolitic.com%2F2009%2F07%2F07%2Fcincinnatis-riverfront-transit-center-attracts-criticism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWetterich,_Chris2013" class="citation news cs1">Wetterich, Chris (June 13, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2013/06/13/dhl-opens-super-hub-at-cvg.html">"DHL opens super-hub at CVG"</a>. <i>Cincinnati Business Courier</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141205005754/http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2013/06/13/dhl-opens-super-hub-at-cvg.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 5, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati+Business+Courier&rft.atitle=DHL+opens+super-hub+at+CVG&rft.date=2013-06-13&rft.au=Wetterich%2C+Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fcincinnati%2Fnews%2F2013%2F06%2F13%2Fdhl-opens-super-hub-at-cvg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cvgairport.com/nonstopdestinations">"CVG Airport - Nonstop Destinations"</a>. <i>CVG Airport</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231001162014/https://www.cvgairport.com/nonstopdestinations">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CVG+Airport&rft.atitle=CVG+Airport+-+Nonstop+Destinations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cvgairport.com%2Fnonstopdestinations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220105110200/https://www.cincinnatisistercity.org/sister-cities">"Sister Cities"</a>. Cincinnati Sister City Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnatisistercity.org/sister-cities">the original</a> on January 5, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sister+Cities&rft.pub=Cincinnati+Sister+City+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnatisistercity.org%2Fsister-cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905162827/http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/mayor/news/mayor-cranley-welcomes-mayor-akel-biltaji-to-cincinnati/">"Mayor Cranley welcomes Mayor Akel Biltaji to Cincinnati"</a>. City of Cincinnati. June 10, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/mayor/news/mayor-cranley-welcomes-mayor-akel-biltaji-to-cincinnati/">the original</a> on September 5, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mayor+Cranley+welcomes+Mayor+Akel+Biltaji+to+Cincinnati&rft.pub=City+of+Cincinnati&rft.date=2015-06-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati-oh.gov%2Fmayor%2Fnews%2Fmayor-cranley-welcomes-mayor-akel-biltaji-to-cincinnati%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>George W. Engelhardt, <i>Cincinnati: The Queen City</i>. Cincinnati, Ohio: George W. Engelhardt Co., 1901.</li> <li>Charles Frederic Goss, <i>Cincinnati: The Queen City, 1788–1912</i>. In Four Volumes. Chicago: S.J. Clarke Publishing Co., 1912. <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cincinnatiqueen01compgoog">Volume 1</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cincinnatiqueenc02goss">Volume 2</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433081826855&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021">Volume 3</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cincinnatiqueen03compgoog">Volume 4</a></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreve1904" class="citation book cs1">Greve, Charles Theodore (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eJxABLtxX60C&pg=PA507"><i>Centennial History of Cincinnati and Representative Citizens</i></a>. Vol. 1. Chicago: Biographical Publishing Company – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Centennial+History+of+Cincinnati+and+Representative+Citizens&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=Biographical+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Greve&rft.aufirst=Charles+Theodore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeJxABLtxX60C%26pg%3DPA507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Holli, Melvin G., and Jones, Peter d'A., eds. <i>Biographical Dictionary of American Mayors, 1820-1980</i> (Greenwood Press, 1981) short scholarly biographies each of the city's mayors 1820 to 1980. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biographicaldict0000unse_r8s1">online</a>; see index at pp. 406–411 for list.</li> <li>William C. Smith, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/queencityyesterd00smit"><i>Queen City Yesterdays: Sketches of Cincinnati in the Eighties</i></a>. Crawfordsville, Indiana: R. E. Banta, 1959.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStradling2003" class="citation book cs1">Stradling, David (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_D3qf9b1s-gC"><i>Cincinnati: From River City to Highway Metropolis</i></a>. Mount Pleasant, South Carolina: <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_Publishing" title="Arcadia Publishing">Arcadia Publishing</a>. p. 67ff. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7385-2440-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7385-2440-5"><bdi>978-0-7385-2440-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cincinnati%3A+From+River+City+to+Highway+Metropolis&rft.place=Mount+Pleasant%2C+South+Carolina&rft.pages=67ff&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7385-2440-5&rft.aulast=Stradling&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_D3qf9b1s-gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACincinnati" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Cincinnati</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cincinnati" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Cincinnati">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="extiw" title="c:Cincinnati, Ohio">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Cincinnati" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Cincinnati">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cincinnati" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Cincinnati">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cincinnati" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Cincinnati">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cincinnati" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Cincinnati">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cincinnati" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Cincinnati">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Cincinnati" class="extiw" title="voy:Cincinnati">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cincinnati-oh.gov/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cincinnatiparks.com/">Cincinnati Parks</a> – Official City of Cincinnati Public Parks website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincyusa.com/">Greater Cincinnati Convention & Visitors Bureau</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cincinnatiusa.com/">Cincinnati USA: Official Visitors and Tourist Site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110024002/http://www.oscarwildeinamerica.org/lecture-tour/patti-in-cincinnati.html">Adelina Patti and Oscar Wilde in Cincinnati 1882</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/19px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/29px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/38px-COL-city_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cities" title="Portal:Cities">Cities</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:North_America" title="Portal:North America">North America</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/21px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/42px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ohio" title="Portal:Ohio">Ohio</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_City_of_Cincinnati" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cincinnati_topics" title="Template:Cincinnati topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cincinnati_topics" title="Template talk:Cincinnati topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cincinnati_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cincinnati topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_City_of_Cincinnati" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></span></span></span> City of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cincinnati</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_Council_of_Cincinnati,_Ohio_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="City Council of Cincinnati, Ohio elections">City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Cincinnati" title="Crime in Cincinnati">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Cincinnati" title="Flag of Cincinnati">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Health_Department" title="Cincinnati Health Department">Health Dept.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Cincinnati" title="List of mayors of Cincinnati">Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Cincinnati" title="Media in Cincinnati">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_%E2%80%93_Northern_Kentucky_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati – Northern Kentucky metropolitan area">Metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_Cincinnati" title="List of parks in Cincinnati">Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Cincinnati" title="List of people from Cincinnati">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Police_Department" title="Cincinnati Police Department">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Cincinnati" title="List of public art in Cincinnati">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Cincinnati" title="Seal of Cincinnati">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Cincinnati" title="List of tallest buildings in Cincinnati">Tallest buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cincinnati_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Cincinnati history">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Neighborhoods_in_Cincinnati" title="Category:Neighborhoods in Cincinnati">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avondale,_Cincinnati" title="Avondale, Cincinnati">Avondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Banks,_Cincinnati" title="The Banks, Cincinnati">The Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bond_Hill,_Cincinnati" title="Bond Hill, Cincinnati">Bond Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California,_Cincinnati" title="California, Cincinnati">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Washington,_Cincinnati" title="Camp Washington, Cincinnati">Camp Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage,_Cincinnati" title="Carthage, Cincinnati">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton,_Cincinnati" title="Clifton, Cincinnati">Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Hill,_Cincinnati" title="College Hill, Cincinnati">College Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia-Tusculum,_Cincinnati" title="Columbia-Tusculum, Cincinnati">Columbia-Tusculum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corryville,_Cincinnati" title="Corryville, Cincinnati">Corryville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUF,_Cincinnati" title="CUF, Cincinnati">CUF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Cincinnati" title="Downtown Cincinnati">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_End,_Cincinnati" title="East End, Cincinnati">East End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_Hill,_Cincinnati" title="Price Hill, Cincinnati">East Price Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Walnut_Hills,_Cincinnati" title="East Walnut Hills, Cincinnati">East Walnut Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Westwood,_Cincinnati" title="East Westwood, Cincinnati">East Westwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Woods,_Cincinnati" title="English Woods, Cincinnati">English Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evanston,_Cincinnati" title="Evanston, Cincinnati">Evanston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartwell,_Cincinnati" title="Hartwell, Cincinnati">Hartwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">The Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Cincinnati" title="Hyde Park, Cincinnati">Hyde Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Heights,_Cincinnati" title="Kennedy Heights, Cincinnati">Kennedy Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linwood,_Cincinnati" title="Linwood, Cincinnati">Linwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Price_Hill_Historic_District" title="Lower Price Hill Historic District">Lower Price Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madisonville,_Cincinnati" title="Madisonville, Cincinnati">Madisonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millvale,_Cincinnati" title="Millvale, Cincinnati">Millvale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Adams,_Cincinnati" title="Mount Adams, Cincinnati">Mount Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Airy,_Cincinnati" title="Mount Airy, Cincinnati">Mount Airy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Auburn_Historic_District" title="Mount Auburn Historic District">Mount Auburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lookout,_Cincinnati" title="Mount Lookout, Cincinnati">Mount Lookout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Washington,_Cincinnati" title="Mount Washington, Cincinnati">Mount Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Avondale,_Cincinnati" title="North Avondale, Cincinnati">North Avondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Fairmount,_Cincinnati" title="North Fairmount, Cincinnati">North Fairmount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northside,_Cincinnati" title="Northside, Cincinnati">Northside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakley,_Cincinnati" title="Oakley, Cincinnati">Oakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-the-Rhine" title="Over-the-Rhine">Over-the-Rhine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddock_Hills,_Cincinnati" title="Paddock Hills, Cincinnati">Paddock Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendleton,_Cincinnati" title="Pendleton, Cincinnati">Pendleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Ridge,_Cincinnati" title="Pleasant Ridge, Cincinnati">Pleasant Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensgate,_Cincinnati" title="Queensgate, Cincinnati">Queensgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_Cincinnati" title="Riverside, Cincinnati">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roselawn,_Cincinnati" title="Roselawn, Cincinnati">Roselawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayler_Park,_Cincinnati" title="Sayler Park, Cincinnati">Sayler Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedamsville,_Cincinnati" title="Sedamsville, Cincinnati">Sedamsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Cumminsville,_Cincinnati" title="South Cumminsville, Cincinnati">South Cumminsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Fairmount,_Cincinnati" title="South Fairmount, Cincinnati">South Fairmount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Grove_Village,_Cincinnati" title="Spring Grove Village, Cincinnati">Spring Grove Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fay_Apartments,_Cincinnati" class="mw-redirect" title="Fay Apartments, Cincinnati">The Villages of Roll Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut_Hills,_Cincinnati" title="Walnut Hills, Cincinnati">Walnut Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Cincinnati" title="West End, Cincinnati">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_Hill,_Cincinnati" title="Price Hill, Cincinnati">West Price Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westwood,_Cincinnati" title="Westwood, Cincinnati">Westwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winton_Hills,_Cincinnati" title="Winton Hills, Cincinnati">Winton Hills</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/80px-Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/120px-Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg/160px-Seal_of_Cincinnati%2C_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="250" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Cincinnati" title="History of Cincinnati">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cincinnati" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cincinnati">National register</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_downtown_Cincinnati" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in downtown Cincinnati">Downtown</a> • <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_eastern_Cincinnati" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in eastern Cincinnati">Eastern</a> • <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_western_Cincinnati" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in western Cincinnati">Western</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cincinnati_Local_Historic_Landmarks" title="List of Cincinnati Local Historic Landmarks">Local register</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati riots">Riots</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_1829" title="Cincinnati riots of 1829">1829</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_1836" title="Cincinnati riots of 1836">1836</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_1841" title="Cincinnati riots of 1841">1841</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riot_of_1853" title="Cincinnati riot of 1853">1853</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_1855" title="Cincinnati riots of 1855">1855</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_1884" title="Cincinnati riots of 1884">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_riots_of_2001" title="Cincinnati riots of 2001">2001</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Cincinnati in the American Civil War">American Civil War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regiments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5th_Ohio_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="5th Ohio Infantry">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Ohio_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="6th Ohio Infantry">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Ohio_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="9th Ohio Infantry">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/75th_Ohio_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="75th Ohio Infantry">75th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/104th_Ohio_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="104th Ohio Infantry">104th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/155th_Ohio_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="155th Ohio Infantry">155th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Brigade_of_Cincinnati" title="Black Brigade of Cincinnati">Black Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Longworth_Anderson" title="Nicholas Longworth Anderson">Nicholas Longworth Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Hall_Bates" title="Joshua Hall Bates">Joshua Hall Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powhatan_Beaty" title="Powhatan Beaty">Powhatan Beaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Cist" title="Henry M. Cist">Henry M. Cist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cook_(Medal_of_Honor,_1847)" title="John Cook (Medal of Honor, 1847)">John Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Dickson" title="William M. Dickson">William M. Dickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fossett" title="Peter Fossett">Peter Fossett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Haines_Lytle" title="William Haines Lytle">William Haines Lytle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kilby_Smith" title="Thomas Kilby Smith">Thomas Kilby Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melancthon_S._Wade" title="Melancthon S. Wade">Melancthon S. Wade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Cincinnati" title="Defense of Cincinnati">Defense of Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Dennison" title="Camp Dennison">Camp Dennison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Ohio" title="Department of the Ohio">Department of the Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Samaritan_Hospital_(Cincinnati)" class="mw-redirect" title="Good Samaritan Hospital (Cincinnati)">Good Samaritan Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Harrison" title="Camp Harrison">Camp Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Civil_War_Memorial_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Civil War Memorial (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Jewish Civil War Memorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Cincinnati" title="Category:Culture of Cincinnati">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Cincinnati" title="List of museums in Cincinnati">Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Classical_Music_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="American Classical Music Hall of Fame and Museum">American Classical Music Hall of Fame and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Museum" title="American Sign Museum">American Sign Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betts_House_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="Betts House (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Betts House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Art_Museum" title="Cincinnati Art Museum">Cincinnati Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_History_Museum" title="Cincinnati History Museum">Cincinnati History Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Museum_Center" title="Cincinnati Museum Center">Cincinnati Museum Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame and Museum">Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame and Museum</a></li> <li>Cincinnati Triple Steam Museum</li> <li>Center for Holocaust and Humanity Education</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Arts_Center" title="Contemporary Arts Center">Contemporary Arts Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Energy_Children%27s_Museum" title="Duke Energy Children's Museum">Duke Energy Children's Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_Museum_of_Greater_Cincinnati" title="Fire Museum of Greater Cincinnati">Fire Museum of Greater Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Heritage_Museum" title="German Heritage Museum">German Heritage Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Beecher_Stowe_House_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)" title="Harriet Beecher Stowe House (Cincinnati, Ohio)">Harriet Beecher Stowe House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Village_Museum" title="Heritage Village Museum">Heritage Village Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G._Thomson_House" title="Peter G. Thomson House">Peter G. Thomson House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Library_and_Museum" title="Lloyd Library and Museum">Lloyd Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Underground_Railroad_Freedom_Center" title="National Underground Railroad Freedom Center">National Underground Railroad Freedom Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America_Bethany_Relay_Station" title="Voice of America Bethany Relay Station">Voice of America Bethany Relay Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft_Museum_of_Art" title="Taft Museum of Art">Taft Museum of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_National_Historic_Site" title="William Howard Taft National Historic Site">William Howard Taft National Historic Site</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Performing arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Ballet" title="Cincinnati Ballet">Cincinnati Ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Opera" title="Cincinnati Opera">Cincinnati Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra">Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Shakespeare_Company" title="Cincinnati Shakespeare Company">Cincinnati Shakespeare Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oktoberfest_Zinzinnati" title="Oktoberfest Zinzinnati">Oktoberfest Zinzinnati</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Cincinnati" title="Sports in Cincinnati">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Professional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bengals" title="Cincinnati Bengals">Bengals</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Reds</a> (<a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">MLB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FC_Cincinnati" title="FC Cincinnati">FC Cincinnati</a> (<a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">MLS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Cyclones" title="Cincinnati Cyclones">Cyclones</a> (<a href="/wiki/ECHL" title="ECHL">ECHL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Rollergirls" title="Cincinnati Rollergirls">Rollergirls</a> (<a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Flat_Track_Derby_Association" title="Women's Flat Track Derby Association">WFTDA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Sizzle" title="Cincinnati Sizzle">Sizzle</a> (<a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Football_Alliance" title="Women's Football Alliance">WFA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Golf Tournaments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kroger_Queen_City_Championship" title="Kroger Queen City Championship">Kroger Queen City Championship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">College</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bearcats" title="Cincinnati Bearcats">Cincinnati Bearcats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_State_Technical_and_Community_College" title="Cincinnati State Technical and Community College">Cincinnati State Surge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_St._Joseph_University#Athletics" title="Mount St. Joseph University">Mount St. Joseph Lions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Musketeers" title="Xavier Musketeers">Xavier Musketeers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">High school</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Girls_Greater_Cincinnati_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Girls Greater Cincinnati League">Girls Greater Cincinnati League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Catholic_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Catholic League">Greater Catholic League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Miami_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Miami Conference">Greater Miami Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tournaments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiquita_Classic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiquita Classic">Chiquita Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Open" title="Cincinnati Open">Cincinnati Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Pig_Marathon" title="Flying Pig Marathon">Flying Pig Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teva_Championship" title="Teva Championship">Teva Championship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_in_Cincinnati" title="Category:Sports venues in Cincinnati">Venues</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_baseball_parks_in_Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="List of baseball parks in Cincinnati, Ohio">List of baseball parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cintas_Center" title="Cintas Center">Cintas Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Gardens" title="Cincinnati Gardens">Cincinnati Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Tennis_Club" title="Cincinnati Tennis Club">Cincinnati Tennis Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Third_Arena" title="Fifth Third Arena">Fifth Third Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_American_Ball_Park" title="Great American Ball Park">Great American Ball Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Bank_Center" title="Heritage Bank Center">Heritage Bank Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindner_Family_Tennis_Center" title="Lindner Family Tennis Center">Lindner Family Tennis Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paycor_Stadium" title="Paycor Stadium">Paycor Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TQL_Stadium" title="TQL Stadium">TQL Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Cincinnati" title="Education in Cincinnati">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public school districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Public_Schools" title="Cincinnati Public Schools">CPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Park_Community_City_Schools_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Deer Park Community City Schools District">Deer Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills_Local_School_District" title="Forest Hills Local School District">Forest Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Hills_Local_School_District" title="Oak Hills Local School District">Oak Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Local_School_District_(Hamilton_County)" title="Northwest Local School District (Hamilton County)">Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycamore_Community_School_District" title="Sycamore Community School District">Sycamore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winton_Woods_City_School_District" title="Winton Woods City School District">Winton Woods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_and_colleges_in_Cincinnati" title="Category:Universities and colleges in Cincinnati">Universities and colleges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_Academy_of_Cincinnati" title="Art Academy of Cincinnati">Art Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenaeum_of_Ohio" title="Athenaeum of Ohio">Athenaeum of Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_College_of_Mortuary_Science" title="Cincinnati College of Mortuary Science">Cincinnati College of Mortuary Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_State_Technical_and_Community_College" title="Cincinnati State Technical and Community College">Cincinnati State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God%27s_Bible_School_and_College" title="God's Bible School and College">God's Bible School and College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Union_College-Jewish_Institute_of_Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion">Hebrew Union College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lane_Theological_Seminary" class="mw-redirect" title="Lane Theological Seminary">Lane Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_St._Joseph_University" title="Mount St. Joseph University">Mount St. Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Institute_%26_University" title="Union Institute & University">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_University" title="Xavier University">Xavier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literacy_Center_West" title="Literacy Center West">Literacy Center West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Price_Hill_Community_School" title="Lower Price Hill Community School">Lower Price Hill Community School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Library_of_Cincinnati_and_Hamilton_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County">Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P.A._Denny_(ship)" title="P.A. Denny (ship)">P.A. Denny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_Cincinnati" class="mw-redirect" title="List of high schools in Cincinnati">List of high schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Federation_of_Teachers" title="Cincinnati Federation of Teachers">Federation of Teachers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crayons_to_Computers" title="Crayons to Computers">Crayons to Computers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cincinnati_Consortium_of_Colleges_and_Universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Cincinnati Consortium of Colleges and Universities">GCCCU</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Cincinnati" title="Transportation in Cincinnati">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Ohio_Regional_Transit_Authority" title="Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority">Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_Authority_of_Northern_Kentucky" title="Transit Authority of Northern Kentucky">Transit Authority of Northern Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clermont_Transportation_Connection" title="Clermont Transportation Connection">Clermont Transportation Connection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Cincinnati Union Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Municipal_Lunken_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Municipal Lunken Airport">Cincinnati Municipal Lunken Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connector_(Cincinnati)" title="Connector (Cincinnati)">Connector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverfront_Transit_Center" title="Riverfront Transit Center">Riverfront Transit Center</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Historical_services" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Subway" title="Cincinnati Subway">Cincinnati Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streetcars_in_Cincinnati" title="Streetcars in Cincinnati">Streetcars in Cincinnati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Street_Railway" title="Cincinnati Street Railway">Cincinnati Street Railway</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Hamilton_County,_Ohio,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Template:Hamilton County, Ohio"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Template talk:Hamilton County, Ohio"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hamilton County, Ohio"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Hamilton_County,_Ohio,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Hamilton County, Ohio"><span class="region">Hamilton County, Ohio</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span>Cincinnati</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Ohio)">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Ash,_Ohio" title="Blue Ash, Ohio">Blue Ash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheviot,_Ohio" title="Cheviot, Ohio">Cheviot</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Park,_Ohio" title="Deer Park, Ohio">Deer Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_Ohio" title="Fairfield, Ohio">Fairfield</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Park,_Ohio" title="Forest Park, Ohio">Forest Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison,_Ohio" title="Harrison, Ohio">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Hill,_Ohio" title="Indian Hill, Ohio">Indian Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loveland,_Ohio" title="Loveland, Ohio">Loveland</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira,_Ohio" title="Madeira, Ohio">Madeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford,_Ohio" title="Milford, Ohio">Milford</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Ohio" title="Montgomery, Ohio">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Healthy,_Ohio" title="Mount Healthy, Ohio">Mount Healthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_College_Hill,_Ohio" title="North College Hill, Ohio">North College Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Ohio" title="Norwood, Ohio">Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading,_Ohio" title="Reading, Ohio">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharonville,_Ohio" title="Sharonville, Ohio">Sharonville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Ohio" title="Springdale, Ohio">Springdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming,_Ohio" title="Wyoming, Ohio">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Map of Ohio highlighting Hamilton County"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Map_of_Ohio_highlighting_Hamilton_County.svg/80px-Map_of_Ohio_highlighting_Hamilton_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Map_of_Ohio_highlighting_Hamilton_County.svg/120px-Map_of_Ohio_highlighting_Hamilton_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Map_of_Ohio_highlighting_Hamilton_County.svg/160px-Map_of_Ohio_highlighting_Hamilton_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="1141" /></span><figcaption>Map of Ohio highlighting Hamilton County</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Village_(Ohio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Village (Ohio)">Villages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addyston,_Ohio" title="Addyston, Ohio">Addyston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amberley,_Ohio" title="Amberley, Ohio">Amberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_Heights,_Ohio" title="Arlington Heights, Ohio">Arlington Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleves,_Ohio" title="Cleves, Ohio">Cleves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmwood_Place,_Ohio" title="Elmwood Place, Ohio">Elmwood Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evendale,_Ohio" title="Evendale, Ohio">Evendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfax,_Ohio" title="Fairfax, Ohio">Fairfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Ohio" title="Glendale, Ohio">Glendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_Manor,_Ohio" title="Golf Manor, Ohio">Golf Manor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhills,_Ohio" title="Greenhills, Ohio">Greenhills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Heights,_Ohio" title="Lincoln Heights, Ohio">Lincoln Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockland,_Ohio" title="Lockland, Ohio">Lockland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariemont,_Ohio" title="Mariemont, Ohio">Mariemont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtown,_Ohio" title="Newtown, Ohio">Newtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bend,_Ohio" title="North Bend, Ohio">North Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Bernard,_Ohio" title="St. Bernard, Ohio">St. Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverton,_Ohio" title="Silverton, Ohio">Silverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrace_Park,_Ohio" title="Terrace Park, Ohio">Terrace Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodlawn,_Ohio" title="Woodlawn, Ohio">Woodlawn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">Townships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Anderson Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colerain_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Colerain Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Colerain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Columbia Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosby_Township,_Ohio" title="Crosby Township, Ohio">Crosby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Township,_Ohio" title="Delhi Township, Ohio">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Green Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Harrison Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Miami Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Springfield Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycamore_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Sycamore Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Sycamore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmes_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Symmes Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Symmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_Township,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Whitewater Township, Hamilton County, Ohio">Whitewater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Jay,_Ohio" title="Blue Jay, Ohio">Blue Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brecon,_Ohio" title="Brecon, Ohio">Brecon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgetown,_Ohio" title="Bridgetown, Ohio">Bridgetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Dennison,_Ohio" title="Camp Dennison, Ohio">Camp Dennison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Grove,_Ohio" title="Cherry Grove, Ohio">Cherry Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coldstream,_Ohio" title="Coldstream, Ohio">Coldstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concorde_Hills,_Ohio" title="Concorde Hills, Ohio">Concorde Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covedale,_Ohio" title="Covedale, Ohio">Covedale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Hills,_Ohio" title="Delhi Hills, Ohio">Delhi Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delshire,_Ohio" title="Delshire, Ohio">Delshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dent,_Ohio" title="Dent, Ohio">Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dillonvale,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Dillonvale, Hamilton County, Ohio">Dillonvale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_Ridge,_Ohio" title="Dry Ridge, Ohio">Dry Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_Run,_Ohio" title="Dry Run, Ohio">Dry Run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunlap,_Ohio" title="Dunlap, Ohio">Dunlap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown,_Ohio" title="Elizabethtown, Ohio">Elizabethtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finneytown,_Ohio" title="Finneytown, Ohio">Finneytown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestville,_Ohio" title="Forestville, Ohio">Forestville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_Hill,_Ohio" title="Fruit Hill, Ohio">Fruit Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandview,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Grandview, Hamilton County, Ohio">Grandview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groesbeck,_Ohio" title="Groesbeck, Ohio">Groesbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highpoint,_Ohio" title="Highpoint, Ohio">Highpoint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooven,_Ohio" title="Hooven, Ohio">Hooven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenwood,_Ohio" title="Kenwood, Ohio">Kenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loveland_Park,_Ohio" title="Loveland Park, Ohio">Loveland Park</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mack,_Ohio" title="Mack, Ohio">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Place,_Ohio" title="Madison Place, Ohio">Madison Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Heights,_Ohio" title="Miami Heights, Ohio">Miami Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miamitown,_Ohio" title="Miamitown, Ohio">Miamitown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monfort_Heights,_Ohio" title="Monfort Heights, Ohio">Monfort Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Healthy_Heights,_Ohio" title="Mount Healthy Heights, Ohio">Mount Healthy Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Baltimore,_Ohio" title="New Baltimore, Ohio">New Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Burlington,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="New Burlington, Hamilton County, Ohio">New Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="New Haven, Hamilton County, Ohio">New Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northbrook,_Ohio" title="Northbrook, Ohio">Northbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northgate,_Ohio" title="Northgate, Ohio">Northgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plainville,_Ohio" title="Plainville, Ohio">Plainville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Hills,_Ohio" title="Pleasant Hills, Ohio">Pleasant Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Run,_Ohio" title="Pleasant Run, Ohio">Pleasant Run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Run_Farm,_Ohio" title="Pleasant Run Farm, Ohio">Pleasant Run Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remington,_Ohio" title="Remington, Ohio">Remington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridgewood,_Ohio" title="Ridgewood, Ohio">Ridgewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossmoyne,_Ohio" title="Rossmoyne, Ohio">Rossmoyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem_Heights,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Salem Heights, Hamilton County, Ohio">Salem Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawnee,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Shawnee, Hamilton County, Ohio">Shawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwood,_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Sherwood, Hamilton County, Ohio">Sherwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixteen_Mile_Stand,_Ohio" title="Sixteen Mile Stand, Ohio">Sixteen Mile Stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyline_Acres,_Ohio" title="Skyline Acres, Ohio">Skyline Acres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Creek,_Ohio" title="Taylor Creek, Ohio">Taylor Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turpin_Hills,_Ohio" title="Turpin Hills, Ohio">Turpin Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Oak,_Ohio" title="White Oak, Ohio">White Oak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bevis,_Ohio" title="Bevis, Ohio">Bevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colerain_Heights,_Ohio" title="Colerain Heights, Ohio">Colerain Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Saint_Joseph,_Ohio" title="Mount Saint Joseph, Ohio">Mount Saint Joseph</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ohio_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Ohio (state)"><span>Ohio portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Ohio" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ohio" title="Template:Ohio"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ohio" title="Template talk:Ohio"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ohio" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ohio"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Ohio" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Ohio-related_articles" title="Index of Ohio-related articles">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Ohio" title="Outline of Ohio">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Ohio" title="Climate change in Ohio">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio#Geography" title="Ohio">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ohio" title="Government of Ohio">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Ohio" title="Administrative divisions of Ohio">administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Ohio" title="United States congressional delegations from Ohio">congressional delegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ohio" title="Elections in Ohio">elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ohio" title="History of Ohio">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Ohio" title="Law of Ohio">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Ohio" title="List of people from Ohio">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ohio_state_symbols" title="List of Ohio state symbols">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/With_God,_all_things_are_possible" title="With God, all things are possible">motto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Ohio" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Ohio">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ohio" title="Portal:Ohio">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ohio" title="Abortion in Ohio">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ohio_culture" title="Category:Ohio culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Ohio" title="Crime in Ohio">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio#Demographics" title="Ohio">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Ohio" title="African Americans in Ohio">African Americans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ohio" title="Economy of Ohio">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Ohio" title="Education in Ohio">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Ohio" title="List of colleges and universities in Ohio">colleges and universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Ohio" title="Gun laws in Ohio">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Ohio" title="Homelessness in Ohio">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Ohio">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ohio" title="Politics of Ohio">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Ohio" title="Sports in Ohio">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Ohio" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Plateau" title="Allegheny Plateau">Allegheny Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Ohio" title="Appalachian Ohio">Appalachian Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_region" title="Bluegrass region">The Bluegrass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glacial_till_plains_(Ohio)" title="Glacial till plains (Ohio)">Glacial till plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Black_Swamp" title="Great Black Swamp">Great Black Swamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Lake_Erie_Islands" title="List of Lake Erie Islands">List of Lake Erie Islands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahoning_Valley" title="Mahoning Valley">Mahoning Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Valley" title="Miami Valley">Miami Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Ohio" title="Northeast Ohio">Northeast Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Ohio" title="Northwest Ohio">Northwest Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacationland_(Ohio)" title="Vacationland (Ohio)">Vacationland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Western_Reserve" title="Connecticut Western Reserve">Western Reserve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ohio_statistical_areas" title="Ohio statistical areas">Metro areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron_metropolitan_area" title="Akron metropolitan area">Akron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton%E2%80%93Massillon,_Ohio,_metropolitan_area" title="Canton–Massillon, Ohio, metropolitan area">Canton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cleveland" title="Greater Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_metropolitan_area,_Ohio" title="Columbus metropolitan area, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_metropolitan_area" title="Dayton metropolitan area">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington%E2%80%93Ashland_metropolitan_area" title="Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area">Huntington–Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lima%E2%80%93Van_Wert%E2%80%93Wapakoneta,_OH,_combined_statistical_area" title="Lima–Van Wert–Wapakoneta, OH, combined statistical area">Lima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield%E2%80%93Ashland%E2%80%93Bucyrus,_OH_Combined_Statistical_Area" title="Mansfield–Ashland–Bucyrus, OH Combined Statistical Area">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_County,_Ohio" title="Erie County, Ohio">Sandusky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weirton%E2%80%93Steubenville_metropolitan_area" title="Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area">Steubenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_metropolitan_area" title="Toledo metropolitan area">Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahoning_Valley" title="Mahoning Valley">Youngstown–Warren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ohio" title="List of municipalities in Ohio">Largest cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron,_Ohio" title="Akron, Ohio">Akron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">Canton</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuyahoga_Falls,_Ohio" title="Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio">Cuyahoga Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dublin,_Ohio" title="Dublin, Ohio">Dublin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elyria,_Ohio" title="Elyria, Ohio">Elyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euclid,_Ohio" title="Euclid, Ohio">Euclid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ohio" title="Hamilton, Ohio">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kettering,_Ohio" title="Kettering, Ohio">Kettering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Ohio" title="Lakewood, Ohio">Lakewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorain,_Ohio" title="Lorain, Ohio">Lorain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middletown,_Ohio" title="Middletown, Ohio">Middletown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_Ohio" title="Newark, Ohio">Newark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parma,_Ohio" title="Parma, Ohio">Parma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Ohio" title="Springfield, Ohio">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youngstown,_Ohio" title="Youngstown, Ohio">Youngstown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Ohio" title="List of counties in Ohio">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adams_County,_Ohio" title="Adams County, Ohio">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_County,_Ohio" title="Allen County, Ohio">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland_County,_Ohio" title="Ashland County, Ohio">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtabula_County,_Ohio" title="Ashtabula County, Ohio">Ashtabula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athens_County,_Ohio" title="Athens County, Ohio">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auglaize_County,_Ohio" title="Auglaize County, Ohio">Auglaize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_County,_Ohio" title="Belmont County, Ohio">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_County,_Ohio" title="Brown County, Ohio">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler_County,_Ohio" title="Butler County, Ohio">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_County,_Ohio" title="Carroll County, Ohio">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champaign_County,_Ohio" title="Champaign County, Ohio">Champaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_County,_Ohio" title="Clark County, Ohio">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clermont_County,_Ohio" title="Clermont County, Ohio">Clermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_County,_Ohio" title="Clinton County, Ohio">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbiana_County,_Ohio" title="Columbiana County, Ohio">Columbiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coshocton_County,_Ohio" title="Coshocton County, Ohio">Coshocton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Ohio" title="Crawford County, Ohio">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuyahoga_County,_Ohio" title="Cuyahoga County, Ohio">Cuyahoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darke_County,_Ohio" title="Darke County, Ohio">Darke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defiance_County,_Ohio" title="Defiance County, Ohio">Defiance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_County,_Ohio" title="Delaware County, Ohio">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_County,_Ohio" title="Erie County, Ohio">Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield_County,_Ohio" title="Fairfield County, Ohio">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayette_County,_Ohio" title="Fayette County, Ohio">Fayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Ohio" title="Franklin County, Ohio">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_County,_Ohio" title="Fulton County, Ohio">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallia_County,_Ohio" title="Gallia County, Ohio">Gallia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geauga_County,_Ohio" title="Geauga County, Ohio">Geauga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Ohio" title="Greene County, Ohio">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guernsey_County,_Ohio" title="Guernsey County, Ohio">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Hamilton County, Ohio">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hancock_County,_Ohio" title="Hancock County, Ohio">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardin_County,_Ohio" title="Hardin County, Ohio">Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_County,_Ohio" title="Harrison County, Ohio">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_County,_Ohio" title="Henry County, Ohio">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_County,_Ohio" title="Highland County, Ohio">Highland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hocking_County,_Ohio" title="Hocking County, Ohio">Hocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holmes_County,_Ohio" title="Holmes County, Ohio">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_County,_Ohio" title="Huron County, Ohio">Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Ohio" title="Jackson County, Ohio">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Ohio" title="Jefferson County, Ohio">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_County,_Ohio" title="Knox County, Ohio">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_County,_Ohio" title="Lake County, Ohio">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_County,_Ohio" title="Lawrence County, Ohio">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licking_County,_Ohio" title="Licking County, Ohio">Licking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_County,_Ohio" title="Logan County, Ohio">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorain_County,_Ohio" title="Lorain County, Ohio">Lorain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas_County,_Ohio" title="Lucas County, Ohio">Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Ohio" title="Madison County, Ohio">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahoning_County,_Ohio" title="Mahoning County, Ohio">Mahoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Ohio" title="Marion County, Ohio">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina_County,_Ohio" title="Medina County, Ohio">Medina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meigs_County,_Ohio" title="Meigs County, Ohio">Meigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercer_County,_Ohio" title="Mercer County, Ohio">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_County,_Ohio" title="Miami County, Ohio">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Ohio" title="Monroe County, Ohio">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Ohio" title="Montgomery County, Ohio">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_County,_Ohio" title="Morgan County, Ohio">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morrow_County,_Ohio" title="Morrow County, Ohio">Morrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskingum_County,_Ohio" title="Muskingum County, Ohio">Muskingum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_County,_Ohio" title="Noble County, Ohio">Noble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_County,_Ohio" title="Ottawa County, Ohio">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulding_County,_Ohio" title="Paulding County, Ohio">Paulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_County,_Ohio" title="Perry County, Ohio">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickaway_County,_Ohio" title="Pickaway County, Ohio">Pickaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_County,_Ohio" title="Pike County, Ohio">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portage_County,_Ohio" title="Portage County, Ohio">Portage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preble_County,_Ohio" title="Preble County, Ohio">Preble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putnam_County,_Ohio" title="Putnam County, Ohio">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richland_County,_Ohio" title="Richland County, Ohio">Richland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_County,_Ohio" title="Ross County, Ohio">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandusky_County,_Ohio" title="Sandusky County, Ohio">Sandusky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scioto_County,_Ohio" title="Scioto County, Ohio">Scioto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_County,_Ohio" title="Seneca County, Ohio">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_County,_Ohio" title="Shelby County, Ohio">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stark_County,_Ohio" title="Stark County, Ohio">Stark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summit_County,_Ohio" title="Summit County, Ohio">Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumbull_County,_Ohio" title="Trumbull County, Ohio">Trumbull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscarawas_County,_Ohio" title="Tuscarawas County, Ohio">Tuscarawas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_County,_Ohio" title="Union County, Ohio">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Wert_County,_Ohio" title="Van Wert County, Ohio">Van Wert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinton_County,_Ohio" title="Vinton County, Ohio">Vinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_County,_Ohio" title="Warren County, Ohio">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Ohio" title="Washington County, Ohio">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_County,_Ohio" title="Wayne County, Ohio">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_County,_Ohio" title="Williams County, Ohio">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_County,_Ohio" title="Wood County, Ohio">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyandot_County,_Ohio" title="Wyandot County, Ohio">Wyandot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ohio" title="Portal:Ohio">Ohio portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Colleges_and_Universities_in_greater_Cincinnati" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Colleges_and_Universities_in_Greater_Cincinnati" title="Template:Colleges and Universities in Greater Cincinnati"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Colleges_and_Universities_in_Greater_Cincinnati" title="Template talk:Colleges and Universities in Greater Cincinnati"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Colleges_and_Universities_in_Greater_Cincinnati" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Colleges and Universities in Greater Cincinnati"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Colleges_and_Universities_in_greater_Cincinnati" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Colleges and Universities in greater Cincinnati</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cincinnati" title="University of Cincinnati">University of Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_University" title="Xavier University">Xavier University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_University" title="Miami University">Miami University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_St._Joseph_University" title="Mount St. Joseph University">Mount St. Joseph University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Union_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="The Union Institute">The Union Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Union_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew Union College">Hebrew Union College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Christian_University" title="Cincinnati Christian University">Cincinnati Christian University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_State_Technical_and_Community_College" title="Cincinnati State Technical and Community College">Cincinnati State Technical and Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Kentucky_University" title="Northern Kentucky University">Northern Kentucky University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More_University" title="Thomas More University">Thomas More University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Academy_of_Cincinnati" title="Art Academy of Cincinnati">Art Academy of Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington_College_(Ohio)" title="Wilmington College (Ohio)">Wilmington College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenaeum_of_Ohio" title="Athenaeum of Ohio">Athenaeum of Ohio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="All-America_City_Award_Hall_of_Fame_(1949–2023)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:All-America_City_Award_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:All-America City Award Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:All-America_City_Award_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:All-America City Award Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:All-America_City_Award_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:All-America City Award Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="All-America_City_Award_Hall_of_Fame_(1949–2023)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/All-America_City_Award" title="All-America City Award">All-America City Award</a> Hall of Fame (1949–2023)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Three-time winners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria, VA</a> (1963, 1984, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allentown,_Pennsylvania" title="Allentown, Pennsylvania">Allentown, PA</a> (1962, 1974, 1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asheville,_North_Carolina" title="Asheville, North Carolina">Asheville, NC</a> (1951, 1969, 1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Indiana" title="Bloomington, Indiana">Bloomington, IN</a> (1958, 1981, 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, MA</a> (1949, 1951, 1962)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cincinnati, OH</a> (1949, 1950, 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, OH</a> (1951, 1978, 1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delray_Beach,_Florida" title="Delray Beach, Florida">Delray Beach, FL</a> (1993, 2001, 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas" title="Edinburg, Texas">Edinburg, TX</a> (1968, 1995, 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, TX</a> (1964, 1993, 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastonia,_North_Carolina" title="Gastonia, North Carolina">Gastonia, NC</a> (1963, 2000, 2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids, MI</a> (1949, 1960, 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hickory,_North_Carolina" title="Hickory, North Carolina">Hickory, NC</a> (1967, 1987, 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence,_Missouri" title="Independence, Missouri">Independence, MO</a> (1961, 1982, 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurinburg,_North_Carolina" title="Laurinburg, North Carolina">Laurinburg, NC</a> (1956, 1967, 2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_South_Carolina" title="Mount Pleasant, South Carolina">Mount Pleasant, SC</a> (2010, 2018, 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, VA</a> (1959, 2013, 2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a> (1981, 1998, 2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seward,_Alaska" title="Seward, Alaska">Seward, AK</a> (1963, 1965, 2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="Shreveport, Louisiana">Shreveport, LA</a> (1953, 1980, 1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_Massachusetts" title="Somerville, Massachusetts">Somerville, MA</a> (1972, 2009, 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, WA</a> (1975, 2004, 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington" title="Tacoma, Washington">Tacoma, WA</a> (1956, 1984, 1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Four-time winners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron,_Ohio" title="Akron, Ohio">Akron, OH</a> (1980, 1981, 1995, 2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, AK</a> (1956, 1965, 1985, 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore, MD</a> (1952, 1977, 1991, 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, OH</a> (1958, 1987, 1992, 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_North_Carolina" title="Fayetteville, North Carolina">Fayetteville, NC</a> (1985, 2001, 2011, 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne, IN</a> (1983, 1998, 2009, 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Island,_Nebraska" title="Grand Island, Nebraska">Grand Island, NE</a> (1955, 1967, 1981, 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_Virginia" title="Hampton, Virginia">Hampton, VA</a> (1972, 2002, 2014, 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, KY</a> (1963, 1995, 2012, 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Illinois" title="Peoria, Illinois">Peoria, IL</a> (1953, 1966, 1989, 2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, PA</a> (1949, 1951, 1957, 1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockville,_Maryland" title="Rockville, Maryland">Rockville, MD</a> (1954, 1961, 1977, 1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, OH</a> (1950, 1983, 1984, 1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Five-time winners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland, OH</a> (1949, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque, IA</a> (2007, 2012, 2013, 2017, 2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, TX</a> (1969, 2010, 2018, 2020, 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven,_Connecticut" title="New Haven, Connecticut">New Haven, CT</a> (1958, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, CA</a> (1999, 2004, 2015, 2017, 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupelo,_Mississippi" title="Tupelo, Mississippi">Tupelo, MS</a> (1967, 1989, 1999, 2011, 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, KS</a> (1961, 1993, 1999, 2009, 2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester, MA</a> (1949, 1960, 1965, 1981, 2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Six-time winners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines, IA</a> (1949, 1977, 1982, 2003, 2010, 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, AZ</a> (1950, 1958, 1980, 1989, 2009, 2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seven-time winners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, MO</a> (1950, 1951, 1986, 1994, 2006, 2017, 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roanoke,_Virginia" title="Roanoke, Virginia">Roanoke, VA</a> (1952, 1979, 1982, 1988, 1996, 2012, 2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nine-time winners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio, TX</a> (1949, 1951, 1983, 2012, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2022, 2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Midwestern_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Midwestern_United_States" title="Template:Midwestern United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Midwestern_United_States" title="Template talk:Midwestern United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Midwestern_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Midwestern United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Midwestern_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#Culture" title="Midwestern United States">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#Physical_geography" title="Midwestern United States">Geography</a></li> <li>Economy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#Political_trends" title="Midwestern United States">Government and politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#History" title="Midwestern United States">History</a></li> <li>Sports</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">Subregions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Midwest" title="Upper Midwest">Northern Midwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_North_Central_states" title="East North Central states">East North Central states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_North_Central_states" title="West North Central states">West North Central states</a></li> <li><a href="#Cultural_overlap">Southern Midwest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">St. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_City,_South_Dakota" title="Rapid City, South Dakota">Rapid City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">Fargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Minnesota" title="Rochester, Minnesota">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">State capitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">St. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Great_Lakes_megalopolis_as_defined_by_the_RPA" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Template:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Template talk:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Great_Lakes_megalopolis_as_defined_by_the_RPA" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_megalopolis" title="Great Lakes megalopolis">Great Lakes megalopolis</a> as defined by the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Plan_Association" title="Regional Plan Association">RPA</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Includes all metropolitan areas that have a population of 150,000 or greater according to the most recent national census.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Great Lakes region cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brantford" title="Brantford">Brantford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo%E2%80%93Niagara_Falls_metropolitan_area" title="Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area"> Buffalo–Niagara Falls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cleveland" title="Greater Cleveland">Cleveland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Detroit" title="Metro Detroit">Detroit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Ports" title="Twin Ports">Duluth–Superior</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duluth,_Minnesota" title="Duluth, Minnesota">Duluth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior,_Wisconsin" title="Superior, Wisconsin">Superior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie%E2%80%93Meadville,_PA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Erie–Meadville, PA Combined Statistical Area">Erie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erie,_Pennsylvania" title="Erie, Pennsylvania">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids_metropolitan_area" title="Grand Rapids metropolitan area">Grand Rapids</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelph" title="Guelph">Guelph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay_metropolitan_area" title="Green Bay metropolitan area">Green Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontario" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland,_Michigan" title="Holland, Michigan">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo%E2%80%93Portage_metropolitan_area" title="Kalamazoo–Portage metropolitan area">Kalamazoo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo,_Michigan" title="Kalamazoo, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha, Wisconsin">Kenosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansing%E2%80%93East_Lansing_metropolitan_area" title="Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area">Lansing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_metropolitan_area" title="Milwaukee metropolitan area">Milwaukee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskegon,_Michigan" title="Muskegon, Michigan">Muskegon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Niagara" title="Regional Municipality of Niagara">Niagara Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Catharines" title="St. Catharines">St. Catharines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_Ontario" title="Niagara Falls, Ontario">Niagara Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welland,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Welland, Ontario">Welland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niles,_Michigan" title="Niles, Michigan">Niles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshawa" title="Oshawa">Oshawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_metropolitan_area,_New_York" title="Rochester metropolitan area, New York">Rochester, New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bend%E2%80%93Mishawaka_metropolitan_area" title="South Bend–Mishawaka metropolitan area">South Bend</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Bend,_Indiana" title="South Bend, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay" title="Thunder Bay">Thunder Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_metropolitan_area" title="Toledo metropolitan area">Toledo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Greater Toronto Area">Toronto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_City_metropolitan_area" title="Traverse City metropolitan area">Traverse City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_City,_Michigan" title="Traverse City, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Waterloo" title="Regional Municipality of Waterloo">Waterloo Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchener,_Ontario" title="Kitchener, Ontario">Kitchener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario" title="Cambridge, Ontario">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/145px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/218px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/290px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png 2x" data-file-width="1188" data-file-height="704" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Surrounding cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron_metropolitan_area" title="Akron metropolitan area">Akron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron,_Ohio" title="Akron, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altoona,_Pennsylvania" title="Altoona, Pennsylvania">Altoona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrie" title="Barrie">Barrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington_metropolitan_area,_Indiana" title="Bloomington metropolitan area, Indiana">Bloomington, Indiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Indiana" title="Bloomington, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington%E2%80%93Normal" title="Bloomington–Normal">Bloomington–Normal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Illinois" title="Bloomington, Illinois">Bloomington, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normal,_Illinois" title="Normal, Illinois">Normal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton%E2%80%93Massillon,_Ohio,_metropolitan_area" title="Canton–Massillon, Ohio, metropolitan area">Canton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champaign%E2%80%93Urbana_metropolitan_area" title="Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area">Champaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champaign,_Illinois" title="Champaign, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Cincinnati</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_metropolitan_area,_Ohio" title="Columbus metropolitan area, Ohio">Columbus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_metropolitan_area" title="Dayton metropolitan area">Dayton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire%E2%80%93Chippewa_Falls_metropolitan_area" title="Eau Claire–Chippewa Falls metropolitan area">Eau Claire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire,_Wisconsin" title="Eau Claire, Wisconsin">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elkhart,_Indiana" title="Elkhart, Indiana">Elkhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evansville_metropolitan_area" title="Evansville metropolitan area">Evansville</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evansville,_Indiana" title="Evansville, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fargo%E2%80%93Moorhead" title="Fargo–Moorhead">Fargo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint,_Michigan" title="Flint, Michigan">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_IN_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Wayne, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area">Fort Wayne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Cities" title="Fox Cities">Fox Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appleton,_Wisconsin" title="Appleton, Wisconsin">Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh,_Wisconsin" title="Oshkosh, Wisconsin">Oshkosh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_metropolitan_area" title="Indianapolis metropolitan area">Indianapolis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Michigan" title="Jackson, Michigan">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janesville,_Wisconsin" title="Janesville, Wisconsin">Janesville</a>–<a href="/wiki/Beloit,_Wisconsin" title="Beloit, Wisconsin">Beloit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kankakee-Bourbonnais-Bradley,_IL_MSA" class="mw-redirect" title="Kankakee-Bourbonnais-Bradley, IL MSA">Kankakee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kankakee,_Illinois" title="Kankakee, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse%E2%80%93Onalaska" title="La Crosse–Onalaska">La Crosse–Onalaska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse,_Wisconsin" title="La Crosse, Wisconsin">La Crosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onalaska,_Wisconsin" title="Onalaska, Wisconsin">Onalaska</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_metropolitan_area,_Indiana" title="Lafayette metropolitan area, Indiana">Lafayette</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Indiana" title="Lafayette, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_metropolitan_area" title="Madison metropolitan area">Madison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahoning_Valley" title="Mahoning Valley">Mahoning Valley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Youngstown,_Ohio" title="Youngstown, Ohio">Youngstown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul">Minneapolis–Saint Paul</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Montreal" title="Greater Montreal">Greater Montreal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laval,_Quebec" title="Laval, Quebec">Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longueuil" title="Longueuil">Longueuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(Canada)" title="National Capital Region (Canada)">National Capital Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatineau" title="Gatineau">Gatineau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh%E2%80%93New_Castle%E2%80%93Weirton_combined_statistical_area" title="Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area">Pittsburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoria metropolitan area, Illinois">Peoria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Illinois" title="Peoria, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterborough,_Ontario" title="Peterborough, Ontario">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockford_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" title="Rockford metropolitan area, Illinois">Rockford</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockford,_Illinois" title="Rockford, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_metropolitan_area,_Minnesota" title="Rochester metropolitan area, Minnesota">Rochester, Minnesota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Minnesota" title="Rochester, Minnesota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguenay,_Quebec" title="Saguenay, Quebec">Saguenay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Cloud,_Minnesota_metropolitan_area" title="St. Cloud, Minnesota metropolitan area">St. Cloud</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Cloud,_Minnesota" title="St. Cloud, Minnesota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Midland,_and_Bay_City_metropolitan_area" title="Saginaw, Midland, and Bay City metropolitan area">Saginaw</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Michigan" title="Saginaw, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Sioux Falls metropolitan area">Sioux Falls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" title="Springfield metropolitan area, Illinois">Springfield</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Sudbury" title="Greater Sudbury">Sudbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_neighbourhoods_of_Sudbury" title="Urban neighbourhoods of Sudbury">urban neighbourhoods</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_metropolitan_area" title="Syracuse metropolitan area">Syracuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York" title="Syracuse, New York">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre_Haute_metropolitan_area" title="Terre Haute metropolitan area">Terre Haute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terre_Haute,_Indiana" title="Terre Haute, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utica%E2%80%93Rome_metropolitan_area" title="Utica–Rome metropolitan area">Utica–Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utica,_New_York" title="Utica, New York">Utica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome,_New_York" title="Rome, New York">Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_Cities" title="Quad Cities">Quad Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bettendorf,_Iowa" title="Bettendorf, Iowa">Bettendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Moline,_Illinois" title="East Moline, Illinois">East Moline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moline,_Illinois" title="Moline, Illinois">Moline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Island,_Illinois" title="Rock Island, Illinois">Rock Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City_metropolitan_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Quebec City metropolitan community">Greater Quebec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities of states south of region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown_metropolitan_area" title="Elizabethtown metropolitan area">Elizabethtown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown,_Kentucky" title="Elizabethtown, Kentucky">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_metropolitan_area" title="Kansas City metropolitan area">Kansas City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">Louisville</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_St._Louis" title="Greater St. Louis">St. Louis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topeka_metropolitan_area,_Kansas" title="Topeka metropolitan area, Kansas">Topeka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeling_metropolitan_area" title="Wheeling metropolitan area">Wheeling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wheeling,_West_Virginia" title="Wheeling, West Virginia">city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other metro-regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City%E2%80%93Windsor_Corridor" title="Quebec City–Windsor Corridor">Quebec City–Windsor Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Horseshoe" title="Golden Horseshoe">Golden Horseshoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_and_Hamilton_Area" title="Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area">Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit%E2%80%93Windsor" title="Detroit–Windsor">Detroit–Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Pittsburgh" title="Greater Pittsburgh">Greater Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_East" title="Metro East">Metro East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Megaregions_of_the_United_States" title="Megaregions of the United States">Other megaregions</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Ohio" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ohio_county_seats" title="Template:Ohio county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ohio_county_seats" title="Template talk:Ohio county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ohio_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ohio county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Ohio" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seats</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron,_Ohio" title="Akron, Ohio">Akron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Ohio" title="Ashland, Ohio">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athens,_Ohio" title="Athens, Ohio">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Ohio" title="Batavia, Ohio">Batavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellefontaine,_Ohio" title="Bellefontaine, Ohio">Bellefontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Ohio" title="Bowling Green, Ohio">Bowling Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Ohio" title="Bryan, Ohio">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucyrus,_Ohio" title="Bucyrus, Ohio">Bucyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadiz,_Ohio" title="Cadiz, Ohio">Cadiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell,_Ohio" title="Caldwell, Ohio">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ohio" title="Cambridge, Ohio">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">Canton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrollton,_Ohio" title="Carrollton, Ohio">Carrollton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celina,_Ohio" title="Celina, Ohio">Celina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chardon,_Ohio" title="Chardon, Ohio">Chardon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chillicothe,_Ohio" title="Chillicothe, Ohio">Chillicothe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circleville,_Ohio" title="Circleville, Ohio">Circleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coshocton,_Ohio" title="Coshocton, Ohio">Coshocton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defiance,_Ohio" title="Defiance, Ohio">Defiance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware,_Ohio" title="Delaware, Ohio">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaton,_Ohio" title="Eaton, Ohio">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elyria,_Ohio" title="Elyria, Ohio">Elyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Findlay,_Ohio" title="Findlay, Ohio">Findlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont,_Ohio" title="Fremont, Ohio">Fremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallipolis,_Ohio" title="Gallipolis, Ohio">Gallipolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Ohio" title="Georgetown, Ohio">Georgetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenville,_Ohio" title="Greenville, Ohio">Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ohio" title="Hamilton, Ohio">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsboro,_Ohio" title="Hillsboro, Ohio">Hillsboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ironton,_Ohio" title="Ironton, Ohio">Ironton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Ohio" title="Jackson, Ohio">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson,_Ohio" title="Jefferson, Ohio">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenton,_Ohio" title="Kenton, Ohio">Kenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Ohio" title="Lancaster, Ohio">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Ohio" title="Lebanon, Ohio">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lima,_Ohio" title="Lima, Ohio">Lima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisbon,_Ohio" title="Lisbon, Ohio">Lisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan,_Ohio" title="Logan, Ohio">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London,_Ohio" title="London, Ohio">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield,_Ohio" title="Mansfield, Ohio">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marietta,_Ohio" title="Marietta, Ohio">Marietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion,_Ohio" title="Marion, Ohio">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marysville,_Ohio" title="Marysville, Ohio">Marysville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McArthur,_Ohio" title="McArthur, Ohio">McArthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McConnelsville,_Ohio" title="McConnelsville, Ohio">McConnelsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina,_Ohio" title="Medina, Ohio">Medina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millersburg,_Ohio" title="Millersburg, Ohio">Millersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Gilead,_Ohio" title="Mount Gilead, Ohio">Mount Gilead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_Ohio" title="Mount Vernon, Ohio">Mount Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon,_Ohio" title="Napoleon, Ohio">Napoleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Lexington,_Ohio" title="New Lexington, Ohio">New Lexington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Philadelphia,_Ohio" title="New Philadelphia, Ohio">New Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_Ohio" title="Newark, Ohio">Newark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwalk,_Ohio" title="Norwalk, Ohio">Norwalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa,_Ohio" title="Ottawa, Ohio">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painesville,_Ohio" title="Painesville, Ohio">Painesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulding,_Ohio" title="Paulding, Ohio">Paulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomeroy,_Ohio" title="Pomeroy, Ohio">Pomeroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Clinton,_Ohio" title="Port Clinton, Ohio">Port Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_Ohio" title="Portsmouth, Ohio">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravenna,_Ohio" title="Ravenna, Ohio">Ravenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandusky,_Ohio" title="Sandusky, Ohio">Sandusky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney,_Ohio" title="Sidney, Ohio">Sidney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Ohio" title="Springfield, Ohio">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clairsville,_Ohio" title="St. Clairsville, Ohio">St. Clairsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steubenville,_Ohio" title="Steubenville, Ohio">Steubenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin,_Ohio" title="Tiffin, Ohio">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy,_Ohio" title="Troy, Ohio">Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Sandusky,_Ohio" title="Upper Sandusky, Ohio">Upper Sandusky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbana,_Ohio" title="Urbana, Ohio">Urbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Wert,_Ohio" title="Van Wert, Ohio">Van Wert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapakoneta,_Ohio" title="Wapakoneta, Ohio">Wapakoneta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren,_Ohio" title="Warren, Ohio">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Court_House,_Ohio" title="Washington Court House, Ohio">Washington Court House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wauseon,_Ohio" title="Wauseon, Ohio">Wauseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverly,_Ohio" title="Waverly, Ohio">Waverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Union,_Ohio" title="West Union, Ohio">West Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Ohio" title="Wilmington, Ohio">Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodsfield,_Ohio" title="Woodsfield, Ohio">Woodsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wooster,_Ohio" title="Wooster, Ohio">Wooster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenia,_Ohio" title="Xenia, Ohio">Xenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youngstown,_Ohio" title="Youngstown, Ohio">Youngstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanesville,_Ohio" title="Zanesville, Ohio">Zanesville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USPopulousCities" title="Template talk:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">100 most populous cities</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="26"> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore, Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="51"> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans, Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu, Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Nevada" title="Henderson, Nevada">Henderson, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine, California</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cincinnati, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California" title="Santa Ana, California">Santa Ana, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham,_North_Carolina" title="Durham, North Carolina">Durham, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="76"> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Las_Vegas,_Nevada" title="North Las Vegas, Nevada">North Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista,_California" title="Chula Vista, California">Chula Vista, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert,_Arizona" title="Gilbert, Arizona">Gilbert, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake,_Virginia" title="Chesapeake, Virginia">Chesapeake, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona">Glendale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise, Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_St._Lucie,_Florida" title="Port St. Lucie, Florida">Port St. Lucie, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville, Alabama</a></li> </ol> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Cities ranked by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> population estimates for July 1, 2022.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43196#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43196#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43196#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/149552640">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205142/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJktm3vJjBMKPgCQVmg7pP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Cincinnati, Ohio"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4085269-6">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79053745">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12121079j">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12121079j">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Cincinnati (Ohio)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge117480&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000313201&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007561805905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/b2cf490f-a8a7-4875-a1b7-addede3b327f">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029624584">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045412">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&oldid=1259058640">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&oldid=1259058640</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cincinnati" title="Category:Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1788_establishments_in_the_Northwest_Territory" title="Category:1788 establishments in the Northwest Territory">1788 establishments in the Northwest Territory</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_in_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="Category:Cities in Hamilton County, Ohio">Cities in Hamilton County, Ohio</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_in_Ohio" title="Category:Cities in Ohio">Cities in Ohio</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_places_established_in_1788" title="Category:Populated places established in 1788">Populated places established in 1788</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Graph_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Graph extension">Pages using the Graph extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_disabled_graphs" title="Category:Pages with disabled graphs">Pages with disabled graphs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Source_attribution" title="Category:Source attribution">Source attribution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_July_2015" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from July 2015">Articles lacking reliable references from July 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1906_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1906_Jewish_Encyclopedia_without_a_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia without a Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia without a Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_1906_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_December_2023" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from December 2023">Articles with dead external links from December 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_YouTube_links" title="Category:All articles with dead YouTube links">All articles with dead YouTube links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_YouTube_links_from_February_2022" title="Category:Articles with dead YouTube links from February 2022">Articles with dead YouTube links from February 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2019" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from November 2019">Articles with dead external links from November 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_July_2023" title="Category:Use mdy dates from July 2023">Use mdy dates from July 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_possible_motto_list" title="Category:Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list">Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2024">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2015" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2015">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_that_may_contain_original_research" title="Category:All articles that may contain original research">All articles that may contain original research</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_that_may_contain_original_research_from_November_2014" title="Category:Articles that may contain original research from November 2014">Articles that may contain original research from November 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from June 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_September_2020" title="Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from September 2020">Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from September 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_failed_verification" title="Category:All articles with failed verification">All articles with failed verification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_failed_verification_from_January_2024" title="Category:Articles with failed verification from January 2024">Articles with failed verification from January 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2021" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_September_2022" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from September 2022">Articles containing potentially dated statements from September 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_September_2023" title="Category:Use mdy dates from September 2023">Use mdy dates from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata">Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_default_search" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with default search">Pages using Sister project links with default search</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Kartographer extension">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 03:38<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5cd4cd96d5-f25d7","wgBackendResponseTime":216,"wgKartographerLiveData":{"_12b452a928b1cb3fc9e410f288eec5ff6583a27a":[{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q43196","properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#0096FF","title":"Cincinnati","fill":"#0096FF"}},{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geomask","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q43196","properties":{"title":"Cincinnati","fill-opacity":0,"stroke-opacity":0,"stroke":"#5F5F5F","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#000000"}}]},"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.072","walltime":"3.812","ppvisitednodes":{"value":32696,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":961599,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":60353,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":26,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":63,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":910222,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3029.289 1 -total"," 38.88% 1177.881 2 Template:Reflist"," 18.35% 555.988 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 17.03% 515.848 139 Template:Cite_web"," 15.77% 477.701 1 Template:Infobox"," 6.94% 210.209 35 Template:Cite_news"," 4.95% 149.821 33 Template:Cite_book"," 4.79% 145.252 13 Template:Navbox"," 4.16% 126.012 4 Template:Sfn"," 3.43% 103.900 1 Template:Cincinnati"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.575","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16938779,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAaron1992\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFAiesha_D_Little2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAsh2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlau\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBobergStrassel2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrennan2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBreslour,_Lee2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCampbell\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCayton2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCharles_Theodore_Greve1904\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClark,_S._J.1912\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFClint2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColeman,_Brent2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCondit1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCoolidgeTwehWilliams2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCovrett2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCreditor\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDixon2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDrilling2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFelix_Winternitz_\u0026amp;_Sacha_DeVroomen_Bellman2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFerrell2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGarrett2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilewicz\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreve1904\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHamrick2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHetzer\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoward2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHurley1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKatherine_L_Sontag2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKeefe2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKenny,_Daniel_J.1895\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLabov2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLabovAshBoberg2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLawley1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLinden-Ward1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLossing1868\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLuten1970\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaag2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCullough2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcKee2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNikki_Marie_Taylor2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNoble2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Neill2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOhio_Division_of_Geological_Survey1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPandolfi,_Keith2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPandolfi2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeterson2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPilcher2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRieselman\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRinehart2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosen2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSanchez\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSemuels2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSinger2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSinger2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSkolnikBerenbaum\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith,_Steve2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSteigerwald,_Shauna2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStern,_Jane_and_Michael2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStevenson1907\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStradling2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSuess\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFSuess2013\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFTeetor1885\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomas1950\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUnited_States_Congress_Senate_Committee_on_Banking,_Housing,_and_Urban_Affairs_Subcommittee_on_Housing_and_Urban_Affairs1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVaccariello2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVan_Sant1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVexler1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatson-Rouslin1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeldon,_Casey2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWessels2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWetterich,_Chris2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWetterich2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWetterich2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWoellert2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWoellert2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWoellert2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWondrich,_David2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWoodard2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWoodsonWesley1922\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"All-American City Award Hall of Fame\"] = 1,\n [\"As of\"] = 2,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"By whom\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 1,\n [\"Center\"] = 1,\n [\"Cincinnati\"] = 1,\n [\"Cincinnati weatherbox\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 7,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 33,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 35,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 134,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Climate chart\"] = 1,\n [\"Collapsible list\"] = 1,\n [\"Colleges and Universities in Greater Cincinnati\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 29,\n [\"Coord\"] = 2,\n [\"Dead YouTube link\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 2,\n [\"Div col\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col end\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"Failed verification\"] = 1,\n [\"Flag\"] = 2,\n [\"Flagicon\"] = 9,\n [\"For timeline\"] = 1,\n [\"Format price\"] = 3,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"GNIS\"] = 1,\n [\"Graph:Chart\"] = 1,\n [\"Graph:Weather monthly history\"] = 1,\n [\"Great Lakes Megalopolis\"] = 1,\n [\"Hamilton County, Ohio\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 1,\n [\"Historical populations\"] = 1,\n [\"IPA audio link\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 1,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 3,\n [\"Inflation/year\"] = 3,\n [\"Infobox settlement\"] = 1,\n [\"Jewish Encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Legend inline\"] = 5,\n [\"Main\"] = 12,\n [\"Main article\"] = 1,\n [\"Maplink\"] = 1,\n [\"Midwestern United States\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 3,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 1,\n [\"Ohio\"] = 1,\n [\"Ohio county seats\"] = 1,\n [\"Original research inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Page needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Panorama\"] = 1,\n [\"Party shading/Democratic\"] = 4,\n [\"Party shading/Republican\"] = 2,\n [\"Poemquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Respell\"] = 1,\n [\"Rp\"] = 6,\n [\"See also\"] = 7,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 4,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Smaller\"] = 2,\n [\"Source-attribution\"] = 1,\n [\"Start date and age\"] = 3,\n [\"Tooltip\"] = 2,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"USPopulousCities\"] = 1,\n [\"Unreliable source?\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 2,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 9,\n [\"Wiktionary category\"] = 1,\n [\"Wsy\"] = 5,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"small\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","420","23.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","340","18.9"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","140","7.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","140","7.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","120","6.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","80","4.4"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","60","3.3"],["type","60","3.3"],["rawset","40","2.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpensiveData","40","2.2"],["[others]","360","20.0"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-7b457d66f4-w8f85","timestamp":"20241126120944","ttl":388231,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Cincinnati","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cincinnati","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q43196","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q43196","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-03-07T22:44:04Z","dateModified":"2024-11-23T03:38:13Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/88\/Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg","headline":"city in Ohio, United States; county seat of Hamilton County"}</script> </body> </html>