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Karlslust dance hall fire - Wikipedia
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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&params=52_34_1.6_N_13_11_50.42_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">52°34′1.6″N</span> <span class="longitude">13°11′50.42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">52.567111°N 13.1973389°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52.567111; 13.1973389</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Karlslust dance hall fire</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">8 February 1947</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">10:45 pm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany" title="Allied-occupied Germany">Allied-occupied Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&params=52_34_1.6_N_13_11_50.42_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">52°34′1.6″N</span> <span class="longitude">13°11′50.42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">52.567111°N 13.1973389°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52.567111; 13.1973389</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also known as</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">Loebel's Restaurant fire</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deaths</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">81</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Non-fatal injuries</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">150</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Karlslust dance hall fire</b> (also known as <b>Loebel's Restaurant fire</b>) occurred on 8 February 1947 in <a href="/wiki/Hakenfelde" title="Hakenfelde">Hakenfelde</a>, a locality of <a href="/wiki/Spandau" title="Spandau">Spandau</a> in what was then the <a href="/wiki/Allied_occupation_of_Berlin#The_divided_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied occupation of Berlin">British sector of Berlin</a>. With its death toll of 80<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 88,<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it marks possibly the worst fire disaster in Germany since the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The death toll is today considered to be 81: 80 guests and the owner of the restaurant, Julius Loebel, who died while attempting to save a cashbox. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_fire">The fire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The fire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Karlslust was the largest restaurant and <a href="/wiki/Dance_hall" title="Dance hall">dance hall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spandau" title="Spandau">Spandau</a> during the first half of the 20th century,<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a two storied building with ballroom and bowling alley<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> famous for its "legendary" parties.<sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the evening of Saturday, 8 February 1947, during <a href="/wiki/Carnival_in_Germany,_Switzerland_and_Austria" title="Carnival in Germany, Switzerland and Austria">carnival time</a> in Germany, the first postwar fancy-dress ball was scheduled.<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Landlord" title="Landlord">landlord</a>, Julius Loebel, had been granted the concession of a lifted <a href="/wiki/Curfew" title="Curfew">curfew</a> that night, as Berlin was <a href="/wiki/Allied_occupation_of_Berlin#The_divided_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied occupation of Berlin">occupied</a> at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An estimated 750<sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 800<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (or even up to 1,000)<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mostly young people attended the event, among them a number of <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> staff.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of extremely low outside temperatures of −20 °C (−4 °F)<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or −25 °C (−13 °F),<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> three <a href="/wiki/Potbelly_stove" title="Potbelly stove">potbelly stoves</a> had been set up inside the Karlslust to provide heating. At around 22:45, when the party was in full swing, the wooden overhead beams of the structure caught on fire,<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> likely, as was later determined, as a result of the intense heat of the stove pipes.<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Karlslust had been used as a prison in the last months of the war in Germany, and windows had been barred and doors walled up; additionally, a side door was frozen shut.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the ensuing <a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_stampedes_and_crushes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human stampedes and crushes (page does not exist)">stampede</a> for the only exit, several people were trampled to death.<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After three minutes, the entire roof of the building was on fire.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Realizing the extent of the fire, several of those who had already escaped returned to retrieve their winter clothing from the cloakroom.<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This behaviour was later met with incredulity by the British authorities, but can be attributed to the tight supply situation in postwar Germany, where people were living on <a href="/wiki/Ration_stamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Ration stamp">ration stamps</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, the roof of the Karlslust collapsed, burying those still inside.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fire_response">Fire response</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Fire response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Firefighters from the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Fire_Brigade" title="Berlin Fire Brigade">Berlin Fire Brigade</a> and the British Army started arriving about ten minutes after the initial call.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an attempt to rescue those trapped inside the collapsed building, three<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or six<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> British soldiers died. A few guests of the Karlslust survived the roof collapse and could be pulled out of the debris; they had found shelter in the cellar.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Summoning firefighters was difficult at that time, as there was no standardized <a href="/wiki/Emergency_telephone_number" title="Emergency telephone number">emergency telephone number</a>, and each fire station had to be notified separately.<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The freezing temperatures and the snow-covered area hampered the firefighting efforts.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bulk of German firefighters didn't arrive at Karlslust until forty minutes after having been called,<sup id="cite_ref-feuerwehr1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feuerwehr1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for a variety of reasons: the low quality of their vehicles, whose engines needed some time to warm up; the speed limit of 40 km/h (25 mph) for civilians in Berlin, which had been imposed to ensure priority rights for <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied</a> military vehicles;<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-feuerwehr2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feuerwehr2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and with bridges over the <a href="/wiki/Havel" title="Havel">Havel</a> river having been destroyed during the war, detours were required to get to Hakenfelde from places in Spandau as well as the rest of Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fatalities">Fatalities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fatalities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gedenktafel_Pionierstr_82_(FalFe)_Vergn%C3%BCgungslokal_Karlslust.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gedenktafel_Pionierstr_82_%28FalFe%29_Vergn%C3%BCgungslokal_Karlslust.jpg/170px-Gedenktafel_Pionierstr_82_%28FalFe%29_Vergn%C3%BCgungslokal_Karlslust.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gedenktafel_Pionierstr_82_%28FalFe%29_Vergn%C3%BCgungslokal_Karlslust.jpg/255px-Gedenktafel_Pionierstr_82_%28FalFe%29_Vergn%C3%BCgungslokal_Karlslust.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gedenktafel_Pionierstr_82_%28FalFe%29_Vergn%C3%BCgungslokal_Karlslust.jpg/340px-Gedenktafel_Pionierstr_82_%28FalFe%29_Vergn%C3%BCgungslokal_Karlslust.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1243" data-file-height="1840" /></a><figcaption>A memorial stone in den Kisseln cemetery. The German inscription reads: "In memory of those who perished in the fire disaster at the Karlslust inn on 8 February 1947".</figcaption></figure> <p>In the immediate aftermath of the fire, <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i> reported that 88 bodies had been found, many of them burned beyond recognition, and that another 108 people were missing.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 150 people were injured,<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 40 of which needed hospital treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-sp_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later sources put the death toll to 80,<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-feuerwehr2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feuerwehr2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 81,<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 82.<sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 February 1947, 77 victims were buried at <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_den_Kisseln" class="extiw" title="de:In den Kisseln">In den Kisseln</a> cemetery,<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at a dedicated spot called "Loebel field", named after the landlord of the ill-fated dance hall.<sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until that day, all festivities and dance events in Berlin were cancelled.<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magistrat_von_Berlin" class="extiw" title="de:Magistrat von Berlin">Magistrate of Berlin</a>, the civilian government for the whole city between 1945 and 1948, ordered the delivery of cloth for 800 winter cloaks; lost ration stamps were replaced.<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political parties that collected donations for the victims included the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Democratic Union (Germany)">Christian Democratic Union</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany" title="Socialist Unity Party of Germany">Socialist Unity Party</a> alike.<sup id="cite_ref-bz50_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In order to address issues identified as having slowed down the emergency response to the fire, both the speed limit for civilian vehicles and the general traffic priority for Allied vehicles was lifted on 13 March 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-feuerwehr1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feuerwehr1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A standardized, general emergency telephone number for Berlin was reinstated on 20 October of that year,<sup id="cite_ref-bz60_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> using the number "02". </p><p>Today, a high-rise building occupies the space where the Karlslust was located, at 8 Hakenfelder Straße.<sup id="cite_ref-tsp_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The winter of 1946/47 was one of the coldest ever observed in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bz50-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz50_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGerlof1997" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gerlof, Andreas (7 February 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.berliner-zeitung.de/archiv/vor-50-jahren-kamen-bei-feuerkatastrophe-in-hakenfelde-80-menschen-ums-leben---zeitzeuge-erwin-rostek-erinnert-sich--dann-stuerzte-das-dach-ein---es-war-grauenhaft-,10810590,9235966.html">"Dann stürzte das Dach ein – es war grauenhaft"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Berliner_Zeitung" title="Berliner Zeitung">Berliner Zeitung</a></i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Spandauer+Totentanz&rft.pages=3-4&rft.date=1947-02-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fspiegel%2Fprint%2Fd-41121098.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarlslust+dance+hall+fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gedenktafeln-in-berlin.de/uploads/tx_tafeln//Karlslust_Brandkatastrophe_Berliner_Abendblatt_Spandau_4.2.2012.pdf">"Flammendes Inferno im Lokal Karlslust"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Berliner Abendblatt</i> (in German). 4 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kost%C3%BCmfest+endete+in+einer+Katastrophe&rft.pub=Der+Tagesspiegel&rft.date=2007-02-08&rft.aulast=van+Lessen&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesspiegel.de%2Fberlin%2Fkostuemfest-endete-in-einer-katastrophe%2F808472.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarlslust+dance+hall+fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bz60-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bz60_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.berliner-zeitung.de/archiv/82-menschen-starben-bei-katastrophe-vor-60-jahren-brennende-balken-toeteten-ballgaeste,10810590,10454208.html">"Brennende Balken töteten Ballgäste"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Berliner_Zeitung" title="Berliner Zeitung">Berliner Zeitung</a></i> (in German). 8 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berliner+Zeitung&rft.atitle=Brennende+Balken+t%C3%B6teten+Ballg%C3%A4ste&rft.date=2007-02-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.berliner-zeitung.de%2Farchiv%2F82-menschen-starben-bei-katastrophe-vor-60-jahren-brennende-balken-toeteten-ballgaeste%2C10810590%2C10454208.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarlslust+dance+hall+fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndr.de/geschichte/hungerwinter166.html">"Hungerwinter 1946/47"</a> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Norddeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Norddeutscher Rundfunk">Norddeutscher Rundfunk</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hungerwinter+1946%2F47&rft.pub=Norddeutscher+Rundfunk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndr.de%2Fgeschichte%2Fhungerwinter166.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarlslust+dance+hall+fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.berliner-feuerwehr.de/aktuelles/nachrichten/heute-vor-75-jahren-81-tote-bei-der-brandkatastrophe-von-hakenfelde-3955/">"Heute vor 75 Jahren: 81 Tote bei der Brandkatastrophe von Hakenfelde"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heute+vor+75+Jahren%3A+81+Tote+bei+der+Brandkatastrophe+von+Hakenfelde&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.berliner-feuerwehr.de%2Faktuelles%2Fnachrichten%2Fheute-vor-75-jahren-81-tote-bei-der-brandkatastrophe-von-hakenfelde-3955%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarlslust+dance+hall+fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Fire in Berlin Dance Hall." Times [London, England] 10 February 1947: 4. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 6 Dec 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-feuerwehr1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-feuerwehr1_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-feuerwehr1_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.berliner-feuerwehr.de/ueber-uns/historie/historische-einsaetze/1947-fuer-den-mantel-das-leben-verloren/">"1947: Für den Mantel das Leben verloren"</a> (in German). Berlin Fire Department (Feuerwehr Berlin)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1947%3A+F%C3%BCr+den+Mantel+das+Leben+verloren&rft.pub=Berlin+Fire+Department+%28Feuerwehr+Berlin%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.berliner-feuerwehr.de%2Fueber-uns%2Fhistorie%2Fhistorische-einsaetze%2F1947-fuer-den-mantel-das-leben-verloren%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarlslust+dance+hall+fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-feuerwehr2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-feuerwehr2_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-feuerwehr2_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.berliner-feuerwehr.de/2869.html">"Historie"</a> (in German). Berlin Fire Department (Feuerwehr Berlin)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historie&rft.pub=Berlin+Fire+Department+%28Feuerwehr+Berlin%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.berliner-feuerwehr.de%2F2869.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarlslust+dance+hall+fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karlslust_dance_hall_fire&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>: "Costly Clothing." Published on 17 February 1947.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Club_fires" title="Template:Club fires"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Club_fires" title="Template talk:Club fires"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Club_fires" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Club fires"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nightclub_fires,_disasters,_and_attacks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Nightclub fires, disasters, and attacks</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_nightclub_fires" title="List of nightclub fires">Fires</a> (accidental)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1929 <a href="/wiki/Study_Club_fire" title="Study Club fire">Study Club fire</a></li> <li>1940 <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_Club_fire" title="Rhythm Club fire">Rhythm Club fire</a></li> <li>1942 <a href="/wiki/Cocoanut_Grove_fire" title="Cocoanut Grove fire">Cocoanut Grove fire</a></li> <li>1947 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Karlslust dance hall fire</a></li> <li>1961 <a href="/wiki/Top_Storey_Club" title="Top Storey Club">Top Storey Club fire</a></li> <li>1970 <a href="/wiki/Club_Cinq-Sept_fire" title="Club Cinq-Sept fire">Club Cinq-Sept fire</a></li> <li>1972 <a href="/wiki/Sennichi_Department_Store_Building_fire" title="Sennichi Department Store Building fire">Play Town Club fire</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/Summerland_disaster" title="Summerland disaster">Summerland disaster</a></li> <li>1977 <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills_Supper_Club_fire" title="Beverly Hills Supper Club fire">Beverly Hills Supper Club fire</a></li> <li>1981 <a href="/wiki/Stardust_fire" title="Stardust fire">Stardust fire</a></li> <li>1983 <a href="/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_20_nightclub_fire" title="Alcalá 20 nightclub fire">Alcalá 20 nightclub fire</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Kheyvis_fire" title="Kheyvis fire">Kheyvis fire</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/Ozone_Disco_fire" title="Ozone Disco fire">Ozone Disco fire</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/wiki/Luoyang_Christmas_fire" title="Luoyang Christmas fire">Luoyang Christmas fire</a></li> <li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Volendam_New_Year%27s_fire" title="Volendam New Year's fire">Volendam New Year's fire</a></li> <li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Canec%C3%A3o_Mineiro_nightclub_fire" title="Canecão Mineiro nightclub fire">Canecão Mineiro nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/Utop%C3%ADa_nightclub_fire" title="Utopía nightclub fire">Utopía nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/The_Station_nightclub_fire" title="The Station nightclub fire">The Station nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Croma%C3%B1%C3%B3n_nightclub_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="República Cromañón nightclub fire">República Cromañón nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2008 <a href="/wiki/Wuwang_Club_fire" title="Wuwang Club fire">Wuwang Club fire</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/wiki/Santika_Club_fire" title="Santika Club fire">Santika Club fire</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/wiki/Lame_Horse_fire" title="Lame Horse fire">Lame Horse fire</a></li> <li>2012 <a href="/wiki/2012_Sighetu_Marma%C8%9Biei_explosions" title="2012 Sighetu Marmației explosions">Sighetu Marmației explosions</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/Kiss_nightclub_fire" title="Kiss nightclub fire">Kiss nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/2015_New_Taipei_water_park_fire" title="2015 New Taipei water park fire">New Taipei water park fire</a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Colectiv_nightclub_fire" title="Colectiv nightclub fire">Colectiv nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2016 <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Ship_warehouse_fire" title="Ghost Ship warehouse fire">Ghost Ship warehouse fire</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Yaound%C3%A9_nightclub_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaoundé nightclub fire">Yaoundé nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Mountain_B_nightclub_fire" title="Mountain B nightclub fire">Mountain B nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/2022_Binh_Duong_karaoke_bar_fire" title="2022 Binh Duong karaoke bar fire">Binh Duong karaoke bar fire</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Kostroma_caf%C3%A9_fire" title="Kostroma café fire">Kostroma café fire</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Poipet_casino_hotel_fire" title="Poipet casino hotel fire">Poipet casino hotel fire</a></li> <li>2023 <a href="/wiki/Fonda_Milagros_nightclub_fire" title="Fonda Milagros nightclub fire">Fonda Milagros nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2024 <a href="/wiki/Gayrettepe_nightclub_fire" title="Gayrettepe nightclub fire">Gayrettepe nightclub fire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_fatal_crowd_crushes" title="List of fatal crowd crushes">Crowd crushes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000 <a href="/wiki/Throb_nightclub_disaster" title="Throb nightclub disaster">Throb nightclub disaster</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/2003_E2_nightclub_stampede" title="2003 E2 nightclub stampede">E2 nightclub crush</a></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/El_Para%C3%ADso_stampede" title="El Paraíso stampede">El Paraíso stampede</a></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/Corinaldo_stampede" title="Corinaldo stampede">Corinaldo stampede</a></li> <li>2020 <a href="/wiki/Los_Olivos_stampede" title="Los Olivos stampede">Los Olivos stampede</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attacks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1972 <a href="/wiki/Blue_Bird_Caf%C3%A9_fire" title="Blue Bird Café fire">Blue Bird Café fire</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/Whiskey_Au_Go_Go_fire" title="Whiskey Au Go Go fire">Whiskey Au Go Go fire</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/UpStairs_Lounge_arson_attack" title="UpStairs Lounge arson attack">UpStairs Lounge arson attack</a></li> <li>1974 <a href="/wiki/Gulliver%27s_nightclub_fire" title="Gulliver's nightclub fire">Gulliver's nightclub fire</a></li> <li>1975 <a href="/wiki/Gargantua_bar_attack" title="Gargantua bar attack">Gargantua bar attack</a></li> <li>1976 <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Social_Club_fire" title="Puerto Rican Social Club fire">Puerto Rican Social Club fire</a></li> <li>1980 <a href="/wiki/Denmark_Place_fire" title="Denmark Place fire">Denmark Place fire</a></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/Droppin_Well_bombing" title="Droppin Well bombing">Droppin Well bombing</a></li> <li>1984 <a href="/wiki/1984_Dallas_nightclub_shooting" title="1984 Dallas nightclub shooting">Dallas nightclub shooting</a></li> <li>1986 <a href="/wiki/West_Berlin_discotheque_bombing" title="West Berlin discotheque bombing">West Berlin discotheque bombing</a></li> <li>1990 <a href="/wiki/Happy_Land_fire" title="Happy Land fire">Happy Land fire</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/wiki/Otherside_Lounge_bombing" title="Otherside Lounge bombing">Otherside Lounge bombing</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg_discoth%C3%A8que_fire" title="Gothenburg discothèque fire">Gothenburg discothèque fire</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Panda_Bar_massacre" title="Panda Bar massacre">Panda Bar massacre</a></li> <li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Dolphinarium_discotheque_massacre" title="Dolphinarium discotheque massacre">Dolphinarium discotheque massacre</a></li> <li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Myojo_56_building_fire" title="Myojo 56 building fire">Myojo 56 building fire</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/2002_Bali_bombings" title="2002 Bali bombings">Bali bombings</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/Columbus_nightclub_shooting" title="Columbus nightclub shooting">Columbus nightclub shooting</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/Stage_Club_bombing" title="Stage Club bombing">Stage Club bombing</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/Arua_nightclub_shooting" title="Arua nightclub shooting">Arua nightclub shooting</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/2007_London_car_bombs" title="2007 London car bombs">London car bombs</a></li> <li>2011 <a href="/wiki/2011_Tel_Aviv_nightclub_attack" title="2011 Tel Aviv nightclub attack">Tel Aviv nightclub attack</a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/2015_Cairo_restaurant_fire" title="2015 Cairo restaurant fire">Cairo restaurant fire</a></li> <li>2016 <a href="/wiki/Orlando_nightclub_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlando nightclub shooting">Orlando nightclub shooting</a></li> <li>2017 <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_nightclub_shooting" title="Istanbul nightclub shooting">Istanbul nightclub shooting</a></li> <li>2017 <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_nightclub_shooting" title="Little Rock nightclub shooting">Little Rock nightclub shooting</a></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/Thousand_Oaks_shooting" title="Thousand Oaks shooting">Thousand Oaks shooting</a></li> <li>2019 <a href="/wiki/Salamanca_nightclub_shooting" title="Salamanca nightclub shooting">Salamanca nightclub shooting</a></li> <li>2019 <a href="/wiki/Coatzacoalcos_nightclub_fire" title="Coatzacoalcos nightclub fire">Coatzacoalcos nightclub fire</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/2022_Oslo_shooting" title="2022 Oslo shooting">Oslo shootings</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs_nightclub_shooting" title="Colorado Springs nightclub shooting">Colorado Springs nightclub shooting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1925 <a href="/wiki/Pickwick_Club_collapse" title="Pickwick Club collapse">Pickwick Club collapse</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Enyobeni_Tavern_disaster" title="Enyobeni Tavern disaster">Enyobeni Tavern disaster</a> (cause of death unknown)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Disasters" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Disasters" title="Template:Disasters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Disasters" title="Template talk:Disasters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Disasters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Disasters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Disasters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Disaster" title="Disaster">Disasters</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_disasters" title="Lists of disasters">Lists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_disasters_by_death_toll" title="List of accidents and disasters by death toll">by death toll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_by_cost" title="List of disasters by cost">by cost</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Australia_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Australia by death toll">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Bangladesh_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Bangladesh by death toll">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Canada" title="List of disasters in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_China_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in China by death toll">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Croatia_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Croatia by death toll">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_the_Czech_Republic_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in the Czech Republic by death toll">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Estonia_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Estonia by death toll">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Great_Britain_and_Ireland_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland by death toll">Great Britain and Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters_in_Haiti" title="List of natural disasters in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_disasters_in_India" title="Natural disasters in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Indonesia" title="List of disasters in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Japan_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Japan by death toll">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Malta_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Malta by death toll">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_New_Zealand_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in New Zealand by death toll">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters_in_Pakistan" title="List of natural disasters in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_the_Philippines" title="List of disasters in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Poland_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Poland by death toll">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Portugal_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Portugal by death toll">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Romania_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Romania by death toll">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_man-made_disasters_in_South_Korea" title="List of man-made disasters in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Sweden_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Sweden by death toll">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Thailand" title="List of disasters in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters_in_the_United_States" title="List of natural disasters in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_Vietnam_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in Vietnam by death toll">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disasters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Natural_disasters" title="Template:Natural disasters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Natural_disasters" title="Template talk:Natural disasters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Natural_disasters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Natural disasters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Natural_disasters_–_list_by_death_toll" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Natural_disaster" title="Natural disaster">Natural disasters</a> – <a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters_by_death_toll" title="List of natural disasters by death toll">list by death toll</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geological_hazard" title="Geological hazard">Geological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mass_wasting" title="Mass wasting">Mass wasting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landslide" title="Landslide">Landslide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalanche" title="Avalanche">Avalanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudflow" title="Mudflow">Mudflow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debris_flow" title="Debris flow">Debris flow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">Earthquake</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Lists_of_earthquakes" title="Lists of earthquakes">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seismic_hazard" title="Seismic hazard">Seismic hazard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seismic_risk" title="Seismic risk">Seismic risk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_liquefaction" title="Soil liquefaction">Soil liquefaction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_volcanic_eruptions" title="Types of volcanic eruptions">Volcano eruption</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyroclastic_flow" title="Pyroclastic flow">Pyroclastic flow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lahar" title="Lahar">Lahar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanic_ash" title="Volcanic ash">Volcanic ash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">Natural erosion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinkhole" title="Sinkhole">Sinkhole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hydrological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flood" title="Flood">Flood</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_floods" title="List of floods">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_flood" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastal flood">Coastal flood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_flood" title="Flash flood">Flash flood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_surge" title="Storm surge">Storm surge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">Tsunami</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Megatsunami" title="Megatsunami">Megatsunami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limnic_eruption" title="Limnic eruption">Limnic eruption</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Meteorological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Temperature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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