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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1"/><title>Strong's Greek: 1431. δωρεά (dórea) -- Gift, free gift</title></title><link rel="canonical" href="http://biblehub.com/greek/1431.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/strongsnew2.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LR4HSKRP2H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LR4HSKRP2H'); </script><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/interlinear/vmenus/luke/8-1.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmstrongs/greek/1431.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's</a> > <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Greek</a> > 1431</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../greek/1430.htm" title="1430">◄</a> 1431. dórea <a href="../greek/1432.htm" title="1432">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheading">Strong's Lexicon</div><div align="left"><span class="toptitle2">dórea: Gift, free gift</span></div><p><span class="tophdg">Original Word: </span><span class="greek">δωρεά</span><br><span class="tophdg">Part of Speech: </span>Noun, Feminine<br><span class="tophdg">Transliteration: </span>dórea<br><span class="tophdg">Pronunciation: </span>do-reh-AH<br><span class="tophdg">Phonetic Spelling: </span>(do-reh-ah')<br><span class="tophdg">Definition: </span>Gift, free gift<br><span class="tophdg">Meaning: </span>a (free) gift, a gift (without repayment).<p><span class="tophdg">Word Origin: </span>From the Greek verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning "to give."<p><span class="tophdg">Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: </span>The Hebrew equivalent often associated with the concept of a gift is מַתָּנָה (mattanah), Strong's Hebrew 4976, which also signifies a gift or offering.<p><span class="tophdg">Usage: </span>The term "dórea" refers to a gift or a present, emphasizing the aspect of being freely given without expectation of return. In the New Testament, it often denotes the gracious and unmerited gifts from God, particularly the gift of salvation and the Holy Spirit.<p><span class="tophdg">Cultural and Historical Background: </span>In the Greco-Roman world, gift-giving was a common practice, often used to establish or reinforce social bonds and obligations. However, the concept of a "free gift" as presented in the New Testament was counter-cultural, as it emphasized grace and divine generosity without the expectation of reciprocity. This reflects the Christian understanding of God's grace as unearned and freely given to humanity.<div class="vheading2">HELPS Word-studies</div><p class="discovery"><b>1431</b> <i>dōreá</i> (a feminine noun, derived from <a href="/greek/1325.htm">1325</a> <i>/dídōmi</i>) – a gift, <i>freely given</i> and hence <i>not</i> acquired by <i>merit</i> or "entitlement." <a href="/greek/1431.htm">1431</a> <i>/dōreá</i> (a <i>feminine</i> noun) expresses a brand of giving that highlights the <i>beneficent desire</i> of the giver. </p><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/discovery.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">NAS Exhaustive Concordance</div><span class="hdg">Word Origin</span><br>from <a href="/greek/1325.htm">didómi</a><br><span class="hdg">Definition</span><br>a gift<br><span class="hdg">NASB Translation</span><br>freely (1), gift (12), needlessly (1), without a cause (1), without charge (1), without cost (2), without paying (1).<p><div align="center"><span class="smalltext"><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/nasec.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe></span></div><div class="vheading2">Thayer's Greek Lexicon</div><span class="maintitle">STRONGS NT 1431: δωρεά</span><br><br><span class="arttitle"><span class="grktitle">δωρεά</span></span>, <span class="greek2">δωρεᾶς</span>, <span class="greek2">ἡ</span> (<span class="greek2">δίδωμι</span>); from (Aeschyh and) <span class="abbreviation">Herodotus</span> down; <span class="accented">a gift</span>: <a href="/interlinear/john/4-10.htm">John 4:10</a>; <a href="/interlinear/acts/8-20.htm">Acts 8:20</a>; <a href="/interlinear/acts/11-17.htm">Acts 11:17</a>; <a href="/interlinear/romans/5-15.htm">Romans 5:15</a>; <a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/9-15.htm">2 Corinthians 9:15</a>; <a href="/interlinear/hebrews/6-4.htm">Hebrews 6:4</a>; <span class="greek2">ἡ</span> <span class="greek2">χάρις</span> <span class="greek2">ἐδόθη</span> <span class="greek2">κατά</span> <span class="greek2">τό</span> <span class="greek2">μέτρον</span> <span class="greek2">τῆς</span> <span class="greek2">δωρεᾶς</span> <span class="greek2">τοῦ</span> <span class="greek2">Χριστοῦ</span>, according to the measure in which Christ gave it, <a href="/interlinear/ephesians/4-7.htm">Ephesians 4:7</a>; with an epexegetical genitive of the thing given, viz. <span class="greek2">τοῦ</span> <span class="greek2">ἁγίου</span> <span class="greek2">πνεύματος</span>, <a href="/interlinear/acts/2-38.htm">Acts 2:38</a>; <a href="/interlinear/acts/10-45.htm">Acts 10:45</a>; <span class="greek2">δικαιοσύνης</span>, <a href="/interlinear/romans/5-17.htm">Romans 5:17</a> (<span class="manuref">L</span> <span class="manuref">WH</span> <span class="manuref">Tr</span> marginal reading brackets <span class="greek2">τῆς</span> <span class="greek2">δωρεᾶς</span>); <span class="greek2">τῆς</span> <span class="greek2">χάριτος</span> <span class="greek2">τοῦ</span> <span class="greek2">Θεοῦ</span>, <a href="/interlinear/ephesians/3-7.htm">Ephesians 3:7</a>. The accusative <span class="greek2">δωρεάν</span> (properly, <span class="accented">as a gift, gift-wise</span> (cf. <span class="abbreviation">Winer</span>s Grammar, 230 (216); <span class="abbreviation">Buttmann</span>, 153 (134))) is used adverbially; the <span class="manuref">Sept.</span> for <span class="hebrew">חִנָּם</span>; <p><span class="emphasized">a.</span> <span class="accented">freely, for naught, gratis, gratuitously</span>: <a href="/interlinear/matthew/10-8.htm">Matthew 10:8</a>; <a href="/interlinear/romans/3-24.htm">Romans 3:24</a>; <a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/11-7.htm">2 Corinthians 11:7</a>; <a href="/interlinear/2_thessalonians/3-8.htm">2 Thessalonians 3:8</a>; <a href="/interlinear/revelation/21-6.htm">Revelation 21:6</a>; <a href="/interlinear/revelation/22-17.htm">Revelation 22:17</a> (<span class="abbreviation">Polybius</span> 18, 17, 7; <a href="/interlinear/exodus/21-11.htm">Exodus 21:11</a>; <span class="greek2">δωρεάν</span> <span class="greek2">ἄνευ</span> <span class="greek2">ἀργυρίου</span>, <a href="/interlinear/isaiah/52-3.htm">Isaiah 52:3</a>). <p><span class="emphasized">b.</span> by a usage of which as yet no example has been noted from Greek writings, <span class="accented">without just cause, unnecessarily</span>: <a href="/interlinear/john/15-25.htm">John 15:25</a> (<a href="/interlinear/psalms/68-5.htm">Psalm 68:5</a><FOOTNOTE:10> (<BIBLE/CHAPTER_VERSE:Ps. 69:5>); <a href="/interlinear/psalms/34-19.htm">Psalm 34:19</a><FOOTNOTE:10> (<BIBLE/CHAPTER_VERSE:Ps. 35:19>); <a href="/interlinear/galatians/2-21.htm">Galatians 2:21</a> (<a href="/interlinear/job/1-9.htm">Job 1:9</a> (?); <a href="/interlinear/psalms/34-7.htm">Psalm 34:7</a><FOOTNOTE:10> (<BIBLE/CHAPTER_VERSE:Ps. 35:7>) (where <span class="manuref">Symm.</span> <span class="greek2">ἀναιτίως</span>); so the Latin<span class="latin">gratuitus</span>: <span class="abbreviation">Livy</span> 2, 42<span class="latin">gratuitus furor</span>, <span class="abbreviation">Seneca</span>, epistles 105, 3 (book xviii., epistle 2, § 3)<span class="latin">odium aut est ex offensa ... aut gratuitum</span>). (Synonym: see <span class="greek2"><span class="lexref">δόμα</span></span>, at the end.)<FOOTNOTE:1> <br><br><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/bsoft.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">Strong's Exhaustive Concordance</div>gift. <p>From <a href="/greek/1435.htm">doron</a>; a gratuity -- gift. <p>see GREEK <a href="/greek/1435.htm">doron</a> <div class="vheading2">Forms and Transliterations</div>δωρεα δωρεά δωρεὰ δωρεᾷ δωρεαν δωρεάν δωρεὰν δωρέαν δωρεας δωρεάς δωρεᾶς dorea doreà dōrea dōreà doreā̂i dōreā̂i dorean doreàn dōrean dōreàn doreas doreâs dōreas dōreâs<div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/matthew/1-1.htm">Interlinear Greek</a> • <a href="/interlinear/genesis/1-1.htm">Interlinear Hebrew</a> • <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's Numbers</a> • <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Englishman's Greek Concordance</a> • <a href="/englishmans_hebrew.htm">Englishman's Hebrew Concordance</a> • <a href="/texts/matthew/1-1.htm">Parallel Texts</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="vheading">Englishman's Concordance</div><b><a href="/text/john/4-10.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">John 4:10</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular">N-AFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/john/4.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ᾔδεις τὴν <b>δωρεὰν</b> τοῦ θεοῦ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/john/4.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> you knew <span class="itali">the gift</span> of God,<br><a href="/kjvs/john/4.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> If thou knewest <span class="itali">the gift</span> of God, and<br><a href="/interlinear/john/4-10.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> you had known the <span class="itali">gift</span> of God<p><b><a href="/text/acts/2-38.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 2:38</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular">N-AFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/2.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">λήμψεσθε τὴν <b>δωρεὰν</b> τοῦ ἁγίου</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/2.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> and you will receive <span class="itali">the gift</span> of the Holy<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/2.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> ye shall receive <span class="itali">the gift</span> of the Holy<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/2-38.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> you will receive the <span class="itali">gift</span> of the Holy<p><b><a href="/text/acts/8-20.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 8:20</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular">N-AFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/8.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ὅτι τὴν <b>δωρεὰν</b> τοῦ θεοῦ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/8.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> you could obtain <span class="itali">the gift</span> of God<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/8.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> thou hast thought <span class="itali">that the gift</span> of God<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/8-20.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> because the <span class="itali">gift</span> of God<p><b><a href="/text/acts/10-45.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 10:45</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular">N-NFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/10.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἔθνη ἡ <b>δωρεὰ</b> τοῦ πνεύματος</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/10.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> because <span class="itali">the gift</span> of the Holy<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/10.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> was poured out <span class="itali">the gift</span> of the Holy<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/10-45.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> Gentiles the <span class="itali">gift</span> of the Spirit<p><b><a href="/text/acts/11-17.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 11:17</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular">N-AFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/11.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">τὴν ἴσην <b>δωρεὰν</b> ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/11.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> to them the same <span class="itali">gift</span> as [He gave] to us also<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/11.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> the like <span class="itali">gift</span> as<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/11-17.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> the like <span class="itali">gift</span> gave to them<p><b><a href="/text/romans/5-15.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Romans 5:15</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular">N-NFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/romans/5.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">καὶ ἡ <b>δωρεὰ</b> ἐν χάριτι</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/romans/5.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of God <span class="itali">and the gift</span> by the grace<br><a href="/kjvs/romans/5.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> of God, and <span class="itali">the gift</span> by grace,<br><a href="/interlinear/romans/5-15.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> and the <span class="itali">gift</span> in grace<p><b><a href="/text/romans/5-17.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Romans 5:17</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular">N-GFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/romans/5.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">καὶ τῆς <b>δωρεᾶς</b> τῆς δικαιοσύνης</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/romans/5.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of grace <span class="itali">and of the gift</span> of righteousness<br><a href="/kjvs/romans/5.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> and <span class="itali">of the gift</span> of righteousness<br><a href="/interlinear/romans/5-17.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> and of the <span class="itali">gift</span> of righteousness<p><b><a href="/text/2_corinthians/9-15.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">2 Corinthians 9:15</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Dative Feminine Singular">N-DFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/9.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἀνεκδιηγήτῳ αὐτοῦ <b>δωρεᾷ</b> </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/2_corinthians/9.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> be to God for His indescribable <span class="itali">gift!</span><br><a href="/kjvs/2_corinthians/9.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> his unspeakable <span class="itali">gift.</span><br><a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/9-15.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> indescribable of him <span class="itali">gift</span><p><b><a href="/text/ephesians/3-7.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Ephesians 3:7</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular">N-AFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/ephesians/3.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">κατὰ τὴν <b>δωρεὰν</b> τῆς χάριτος</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/ephesians/3.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> according <span class="itali">to the gift</span> of God's<br><a href="/kjvs/ephesians/3.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> according <span class="itali">to the gift</span> of the grace<br><a href="/interlinear/ephesians/3-7.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> according to to the <span class="itali">gift</span> of the grace<p><b><a href="/text/ephesians/4-7.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Ephesians 4:7</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular">N-GFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/ephesians/4.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">μέτρον τῆς <b>δωρεᾶς</b> τοῦ χριστοῦ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/ephesians/4.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> to the measure of Christ's <span class="itali">gift.</span><br><a href="/kjvs/ephesians/4.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> the measure <span class="itali">of the gift</span> of Christ.<br><a href="/interlinear/ephesians/4-7.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> measure of the <span class="itali">gift</span> of Christ<p><b><a href="/text/hebrews/6-4.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Hebrews 6:4</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular">N-GFS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/hebrews/6.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">τε τῆς <b>δωρεᾶς</b> τῆς ἐπουρανίου</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/hebrews/6.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of the heavenly <span class="itali">gift</span> and have been made<br><a href="/kjvs/hebrews/6.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> of the heavenly <span class="itali">gift,</span> and<br><a href="/interlinear/hebrews/6-4.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> moreover of the <span class="itali">gift</span> heavenly<p><b><a href="/greek/1431.htm">Strong's Greek 1431</a><br><a href="/greek/strongs_1431.htm">11 Occurrences</a></b><br><br><a href="/greek/do_rea_1431.htm">δωρεὰ — 3 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/do_rean_1431.htm">δωρεὰν — 5 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/do_reas_1431.htm">δωρεᾶς — 3 Occ.</a><br><br></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script><br /><br /> </div> <div id="left"><a href="/greek/1430.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1430"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1430" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/greek/1432.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1432"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1432" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhchap.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>