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distribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rise_of_digital_distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Video games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Internet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Internet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Internet subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Internet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Online_streaming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online_streaming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Online streaming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online_streaming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Broadcast_and_entertainment_cross-ownership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Broadcast_and_entertainment_cross-ownership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Broadcast and entertainment cross-ownership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Broadcast_and_entertainment_cross-ownership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Medios_de_comunicaci%C3%B3n_en_Estados_Unidos" title="Anexo:Medios de comunicación en Estados Unidos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anexo:Medios de comunicación en Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%EC%A4%91_%EB%A7%A4%EC%B2%B4" title="미국의 대중 매체 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국의 대중 매체" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADdia_de_massa_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Mídia de massa dos Estados Unidos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mídia de massa dos Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Средства массовой информации США – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Средства массовой информации США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medier_i_USA" title="Medier i USA – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Medier i USA" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikan_medyas%C4%B1" title="Amerikan medyası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amerikan medyası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Засоби масової інформації США – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Засоби масової інформації США" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="美国媒体 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美国媒体" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4817576#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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United States</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about all forms of mass media. For news media, see <a href="/wiki/News_media_in_the_United_States" title="News media in the United States">News media in the United States</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"American Media" redirects here. 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#d69d36;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:var(--color-base, #101112)">This article is part of a series on the</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#002868; border: 1px double #8C959A;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Culture of the United States"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;"><small>Culture of the </small><br />United States</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/105px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/140px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="476" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#bf0a30; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;"> Society</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States" title="History of the United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States">race and ethnicity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">Religion</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#bf0a30; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;"> Arts and literature</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of the United States">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_art_of_the_United_States" title="Visual art of the United States">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_United_States" title="Dance in the United States">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_United_States" title="Fashion in the United States">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_literature" title="American literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_comic_book" title="American comic book">comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_poetry" title="American poetry">poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States" title="Music of the United States">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture_of_the_United_States" title="Sculpture of the United States">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_in_the_United_States" title="Theater in the United States">Theater</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#bf0a30; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;"> Other</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Public holidays in the United States">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_the_United_States" title="Folklore of the United States">Folklore</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newspapers_in_the_United_States" title="Newspapers in the United States">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">Internet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americana_(culture)" title="Americana (culture)">Americana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythologies_of_the_Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Mythologies of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_United_States" title="Sports in the United States">Sports</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#bf0a30; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;"> <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_the_United_States" title="National symbols of the United States"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Symbols</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States" title="Flag of the United States">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States" title="Great Seal of the United States">Great Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_monument_(United_States)" title="National monument (United States)">Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_God_We_Trust" title="In God We Trust">Motto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">Bird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_States" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United States">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#bf0a30; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;"> By Region</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midwest#Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_New_England" title="Culture of New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Culture of the Southern United States">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachia#Culture" title="Appalachia">Appalachian</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States_(19-10).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2819-10%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2819-10%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2819-10%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2819-10%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2819-10%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2819-10%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Template:Culture of the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Culture of the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Digital_media_use.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Digital_media_use.jpg/220px-Digital_media_use.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Digital_media_use.jpg/330px-Digital_media_use.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Digital_media_use.jpg/440px-Digital_media_use.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="2824" /></a><figcaption>People using <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a>, devices associated with young people, but commonly used by people of all ages</figcaption></figure> <p>There are several types of <a href="/wiki/Mass_media" title="Mass media">mass media</a> in the United States: <a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">television</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">cinema</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newspapers_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers of the United States">newspapers</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_magazines" title="List of United States magazines">magazines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">websites</a>. The <a href="/wiki/U.S." class="mw-redirect" title="U.S.">U.S.</a> also has a strong <a href="/wiki/Music_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Music in the United States">music industry</a>. <a href="/wiki/Media_in_New_York_City" title="Media in New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> in particular, and to a lesser extent <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, are considered the epicenters of U.S. media. </p><p>Many media entities are controlled by large for-profit corporations who reap revenue from advertising, <a href="/wiki/Subscription" class="mw-redirect" title="Subscription">subscriptions</a>, and sale of <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyrighted</a> material. American <a href="/wiki/Media_conglomerate" title="Media conglomerate">media conglomerates</a> tend to be leading global players, generating large revenues as well as large opposition in many parts of the world. With the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_Act_of_1996" title="Telecommunications Act of 1996">Telecommunications Act of 1996</a>, further <a href="/wiki/Deregulation" title="Deregulation">deregulation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Convergence" class="mw-disambig" title="Convergence">convergence</a> are under way, leading to mega-mergers, further <a href="/wiki/Concentration_of_media_ownership" title="Concentration of media ownership">concentration of media ownership</a>, and the emergence of multinational media conglomerates. These mergers enable tighter control of information.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, <a href="/wiki/Media_cross-ownership_in_the_United_States#Top_Five*" title="Media cross-ownership in the United States">a handful of corporations control</a> the vast majority of both <a href="/wiki/Digital_media" title="Digital media">digital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Old_media" title="Old media">legacy</a> media.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critics allege that <a href="/wiki/Localism_(politics)" title="Localism (politics)">localism</a>, local news and other content at the community level, media spending and coverage of news, and <a href="/wiki/Multiculturalism" title="Multiculturalism">diversity</a> of ownership and views have suffered as a result of these processes of media concentration.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Theories to explain the success of such companies include reliance on certain policies of the American <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> or a tendency to <a href="/wiki/Natural_monopoly" title="Natural monopoly">natural monopolies</a> in the industry, with a corporate <a href="/wiki/Media_bias_in_the_United_States" title="Media bias in the United States">media bias</a>. </p><p>The organization <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a> compiles and publishes an annual ranking of countries based upon the organization's assessment of their <a href="/wiki/Press_Freedom_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Press Freedom Index">press freedom records</a>. In 2023–24, United States was ranked 55th out of 180 countries (a drop of ten places from the previous year) and was given a "problematic" rating.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2022 <a href="/wiki/Gallup_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup (company)">Gallup</a> poll showed that only 11% of Americans trust television news and 16% trust newspapers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the future of Spanish-language media in the U.S., Alberto Avendaño, ex-director of <a href="/wiki/El_Tiempo_Latino" title="El Tiempo Latino">El Tiempo Latino</a>/<a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a>, claimed that "<a href="/wiki/Hispanic-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic-American">Hispanic-American</a>" news coverage in the English-language media is "absolutely pathetic," but he was optimistic, arguing that demographic shifts would inevitably render the Latino media a significant presence in the context of American media. </p><p>According to a May 2023 <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">AP</a>-<a href="/wiki/NORC_at_the_University_of_Chicago" title="NORC at the University of Chicago">NORC</a> poll, 74% of respondents said the media is to blame for increased <a href="/wiki/Political_polarization" title="Political polarization">political polarization</a> in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Newspapers">Newspapers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Newspapers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Newspapers_in_the_United_States" title="Newspapers in the United States">Newspapers in the United States</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_States" title="List of newspapers in the United States">List of newspapers in the United States</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_new_york_times_building_in_new_york_city.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/The_new_york_times_building_in_new_york_city.jpg/220px-The_new_york_times_building_in_new_york_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/The_new_york_times_building_in_new_york_city.jpg/330px-The_new_york_times_building_in_new_york_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/The_new_york_times_building_in_new_york_city.jpg/440px-The_new_york_times_building_in_new_york_city.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times Building">Building</a> in <a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown Manhattan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After being widely successful in the 20th century, newspapers have declined in their influence and penetration into American households over the years. The U.S. does not have a national paper. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i> are the most circulated newspapers in the United States and are sold in most U.S. cities.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the primary audience for <i>The New York Times</i> (NYT) had initially been the residents of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> and its surrounding <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">metropolitan region</a>, the NYT, nicknamed "the Grey Lady" and which has won the most <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prizes</a> of any publication, has gradually become the dominant "<a href="/wiki/Newspaper_of_record" title="Newspaper of record">newspaper of record</a>" for the U.S. media. Apart from its daily nationwide distribution, the term means that back issues are archived on microfilm by every decent-sized public library in the nation, and the Times' articles are often cited by both historians and judges as evidence that a major historical event occurred on a certain date. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> and <i>The Wall Street Journal</i> are also newspapers of record, to a lesser extent. Although <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i> has tried to establish itself as a national paper, it has been widely derided by the academic world as the "McPaper" and is not subscribed to or archived by most libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apart from the aforementioned newspapers, all major metropolitan areas have their own local newspapers. Most metropolitan areas will generally support one or two major newspapers, with many smaller publications targeted towards particular audiences. Although the cost of publishing has increased over the years, the price of newspapers has generally remained low, forcing newspapers to rely more on advertising revenue and on articles provided by a major <a href="/wiki/News_agency" title="News agency">news agency</a> wire service, such as the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for their national and world coverage. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Land_on_the_Moon_7_21_1969-repair.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Land_on_the_Moon_7_21_1969-repair.jpg/220px-Land_on_the_Moon_7_21_1969-repair.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Land_on_the_Moon_7_21_1969-repair.jpg/330px-Land_on_the_Moon_7_21_1969-repair.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Land_on_the_Moon_7_21_1969-repair.jpg/440px-Land_on_the_Moon_7_21_1969-repair.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2356" data-file-height="2795" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> on Monday, July 21, 1969, stating <span style="padding-right:.15em;">"</span>'The Eagle Has Landed'—Two Men Walk on the Moon".</figcaption></figure> <p>With very few exceptions, all the newspapers in the U.S. are privately owned, either by large chains such as <a href="/wiki/Gannett" title="Gannett">Gannett</a> or <a href="/wiki/The_McClatchy_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The McClatchy Company">McClatchy</a>, which own dozens or even hundreds of newspapers; by small chains that own a handful of papers; or in a situation that is increasingly rare, by individuals or families. </p><p>Most general-purpose newspapers are either being printed one time a week, usually on Thursday or Friday, or are printed daily. Weekly newspapers tend to have much smaller circulation and are more prevalent in rural communities or small towns. Major cities often have "<a href="/wiki/Alternative_media" title="Alternative media">alternative weeklies</a>" to complement the mainstream daily papers, for example, New York City's <i><a href="/wiki/Village_Voice" class="mw-redirect" title="Village Voice">Village Voice</a></i> or Los Angeles' <i><a href="/wiki/L.A._Weekly" class="mw-redirect" title="L.A. Weekly">L.A. Weekly</a></i>, to name two of the best-known. Major cities may also support a local business journal, trade papers relating to local industries, and papers for local ethnic and social groups. </p><p>As competition from other media has evolved, the number of daily newspapers in the U.S. has declined over the past half-century, according to <i><a href="/wiki/Editor_%26_Publisher" title="Editor & Publisher">Editor & Publisher</a></i>, the trade journal of American newspapers. In particular, the number of evening newspapers has fallen by almost one-half since 1970, while the number of morning editions and Sunday editions has grown. </p><p>For comparison, in 1950, there were 1,772 daily papers (and 1,450 – or about 70 percent – of them were evening papers) while in 2000, there were 1,480 daily papers (and 766—or about half—of them were evening papers.) </p><p><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_States_by_circulation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of newspapers in the United States by circulation">Daily newspaper circulation</a> is also slowly declining in America, partly due to the near-demise of two-newspaper towns, as the weaker newspapers in most cities have folded: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left:1em"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Circulation </th></tr> <tr> <td>1960</td> <td>58.8 million </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970</td> <td>62.1 million </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980</td> <td>62.2 million </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990</td> <td>62.3 million </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td>55.8 million </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The primary source of newspaper income is <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">advertising</a> – in the form of "<a href="/wiki/Classifieds" class="mw-redirect" title="Classifieds">classifieds</a>" or inserted advertising circulars – rather than <a href="/wiki/Newspaper_circulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspaper circulation">circulation</a> income. However, since the late 1990s, this revenue source has been directly challenged by Web sites like <a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a> (for sales of secondhand items), <a href="/wiki/Monster.com" title="Monster.com">Monster.com</a> (jobs), and <a href="/wiki/Craigslist" title="Craigslist">Craigslist</a> (everything). </p><p>Additionally, as investigative journalism declined at major daily newspapers in the 2000s, many reporters formed their own non-profit investigative newsrooms. Examples include <a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a> on the national level, <a href="/wiki/Texas_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Tribune">Texas Tribune</a> at the state level and <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_OC" title="Voice of OC">Voice of OC</a> at the local level. </p><p>The largest newspapers (by circulation) in the United States are <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. </p><p>In August 2019, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/New_Media_Investment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="New Media Investment Group">New Media Investment Group</a> had agreed to buy <a href="/wiki/Gannett" title="Gannett">Gannett</a>, and operations would continue under the Gannett rather than <a href="/wiki/GateHouse" class="mw-redirect" title="GateHouse">GateHouse</a> name, at the Gannett headquarters but under New Media's CEO.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The acquisition of Gannett by New Media Investment Group was completed on November 19, 2019, making the combined company the largest newspaper publisher in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Immediately after the merger was finalized, all GateHouse Media URLs began redirecting to Gannett.com. </p><p><a href="/wiki/La_Opini%C3%B3n" title="La Opinión">La Opinión</a> is the most read newspaper website in the United States, reaching more than 6 million readers each month. It is the largest Spanish-language newspaper in the United States and the second-most read newspaper in Los Angeles (after The Los Angeles Times). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Magazines">Magazines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Magazines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_magazines" title="List of United States magazines">List of United States magazines</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/American_comic_book" title="American comic book">American comic book</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Time_Magazine_-_first_cover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Time_Magazine_-_first_cover.jpg/220px-Time_Magazine_-_first_cover.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Time_Magazine_-_first_cover.jpg/330px-Time_Magazine_-_first_cover.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Time_Magazine_-_first_cover.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption>The first issue of <i>Time</i> (March 3, 1923), featuring <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Joseph G. Cannon</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Thanks to the huge size of the English-speaking North American media market, the United States has a large magazine industry with hundreds of magazines serving almost every interest, as can be determined by glancing at any newsstand in any large American city. Most magazines are owned by one of the large media conglomerates or by one of their smaller regional brethren. The <a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Magazine_Editors" title="American Society of Magazine Editors">American Society of Magazine Editors</a> sponsors the annual <a href="/wiki/National_Magazine_Awards" title="National Magazine Awards">National Magazine Awards</a> recognizing excellence. </p><p>The U.S. has three leading weekly <a href="/wiki/News_magazine" title="News magazine">news magazines</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a></i>. <i>Time</i> and <i>Newsweek</i> are center-left while <i>U.S. News & World Report</i> tends to be center-right. <i>Time</i> is well known for naming a "Person of the Year" each year, while <i>U.S. News</i> publishes annual ratings of American colleges and universities. </p><p>The U.S. also has over a dozen major political magazines, including <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Magazine" title="Harper's Magazine">Harper's Magazine</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i> among others. In entertainment the magazines <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>, <a href="/wiki/L.A._Record" title="L.A. Record">L.A. Record</a> and <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a> are very popular. In arts <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_(magazine)" title="Smithsonian (magazine)">Smithsonian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Art_in_America" title="Art in America">Art in America</a> magazines are major magazines. </p><p>Finally, besides the hundreds of specialized magazines that serve the diverse interests like <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a>, <a href="/wiki/People_(magazine)" title="People (magazine)">People</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maxim_(magazine)" title="Maxim (magazine)">Maxim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Reports" title="Consumer Reports">Consumer Reports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a>, and fashion magazines, like <a href="/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)" title="Vogue (magazine)">Vogue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)" title="Glamour (magazine)">Glamour</a>, <a href="/wiki/GQ" title="GQ">GQ</a>, <a href="/wiki/InStyle" title="InStyle">InStyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)" title="Cosmopolitan (magazine)">Cosmopolitan</a> and hobbies of the American people, like <a href="/wiki/Motor_Trend" title="Motor Trend">Motor Trend</a>, <a href="/wiki/Health_(magazine)" title="Health (magazine)">Health</a>, <a href="/wiki/AARP_the_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="AARP the Magazine">AARP the Magazine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Good_Housekeeping" title="Good Housekeeping">Good Housekeeping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bon_App%C3%A9tit" title="Bon Appétit">Bon Appétit</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saveur" title="Saveur">Saveur</a> there are also dozens of magazines published by professional organizations for their members, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a> for <a href="/wiki/Scientist" title="Scientist">scientists</a>, </i><a href="/wiki/Communications_of_the_ACM" title="Communications of the ACM">Communications of the ACM</a><i> (for <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a> specialists), </i><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Spectrum" title="IEEE Spectrum">IEEE Spectrum</a><i> (for <a href="/wiki/Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="Engineers">engineers</a>), the </i><a href="/wiki/ABA_Journal" title="ABA Journal">ABA Journal</a><i> (for lawyers), <a href="/wiki/Businessweek" class="mw-redirect" title="Businessweek">Businessweek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a> for <a href="/wiki/Business" title="Business">business</a>, <a href="/wiki/Architectural_Digest" title="Architectural Digest">Architectural Digest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Architectural_Record" title="Architectural Record">Architectural Record</a> for <a href="/wiki/Architects" class="mw-redirect" title="Architects">architects</a>.</i> </p><p><a href="/wiki/El_Nuevo_Cojo" title="El Nuevo Cojo">El Nuevo Cojo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Two_Mundos_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Two Mundos Magazine">Two Mundos Magazine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>) are two bilingual (English/Spanish) lifestyle and entertainment magazines. It's not a coordinated exodus for magazines in the United States but the transition from print's primacy to digital's that has started at the turn of the century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Radio">Radio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">Radio in the United States</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FDR-September-30-1934.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/FDR-September-30-1934.jpg/250px-FDR-September-30-1934.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/FDR-September-30-1934.jpg/375px-FDR-September-30-1934.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/FDR-September-30-1934.jpg/500px-FDR-September-30-1934.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2680" data-file-height="2088" /></a><figcaption>Fireside chat on government and capitalism (September 30, 1934)</figcaption></figure> <p>American radio broadcasts in two bands: <a href="/wiki/Frequency_modulation" title="Frequency modulation">FM</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amplitude_modulation" title="Amplitude modulation">AM</a>. Some stations are only <a href="/wiki/Talk_radio" title="Talk radio">talk radio</a> – featuring interviews and discussions – while <a href="/wiki/Music_radio" title="Music radio">music radio</a> stations broadcast one particular type of music: <a href="/wiki/Top_40" title="Top 40">Top 40</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip-hop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">country</a>, etc. Radio broadcast companies have become increasingly consolidated in recent years. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">National Public Radio</a> is the nation's primary public radio network, but most radio stations are commercial and profit-oriented. </p><p>Talk radio as a political medium has also exploded in popularity during the 1990s, due to the 1987 repeal of the <a href="/wiki/Fairness_Doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairness Doctrine">Fairness Doctrine</a>, which meant that stations no longer had to "balance" their day by programming alternative points of view.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> (FCC) in 1970 had limited the number of radio station one person or company could own to 1 am and 1 FM locally, and 7 am and 7 FM stations nationally. But due to extensive <a href="/wiki/Concentration_of_media_ownership" title="Concentration of media ownership">concentration of media ownership</a> stemming from the <a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_Act_of_1996" title="Telecommunications Act of 1996">Telecommunications Act of 1996</a>, radio companies could own not more than 8 local stations per area market. Most stations are now owned by major radio companies such as <a href="/wiki/IHeartMedia" title="IHeartMedia">iHeartMedia</a> (formerly Clear Channel Communications), <a href="/wiki/Cumulus_Media" title="Cumulus Media">Cumulus Media</a>, <a href="/wiki/Townsquare_Media" title="Townsquare Media">Townsquare Media</a> and <a href="/wiki/Audacy" title="Audacy">Audacy</a> (Formerly Entercom). See <a href="/wiki/IBOC" class="mw-redirect" title="IBOC">IBOC</a> and <a href="/wiki/HD_Radio" title="HD Radio">HD Radio</a>. </p><p>A new form of radio that is gaining popularity is <a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">satellite radio</a>. The two biggest <a href="/wiki/Subscriptions" class="mw-redirect" title="Subscriptions">subscriptions</a> based radio services are <a href="/wiki/Sirius_Satellite_Radio" title="Sirius Satellite Radio">Sirius Satellite Radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/XM_Satellite_Radio" title="XM Satellite Radio">XM Satellite Radio</a>, which have recently merged to form <a href="/wiki/Sirius_XM_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirius XM Radio">Sirius XM Radio</a>. Unlike terrestrial radio music channels are commercial free and other channels feature minimal commercials. Satellite radio also is not regulated by the FCC. </p><p>During the advent of the internet in the 21st century, <a href="/wiki/Internet_radio" title="Internet radio">internet radio</a> and digital streaming services have been emerged. Among popular brands are <a href="/wiki/Pandora_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandora Radio">Pandora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a> and <a href="/wiki/IHeartRadio" title="IHeartRadio">iHeartRadio</a>. Although, the recording industry also sees Internet radio as a threat and has attempted to impose high royalty rates for the use of recorded music to discourage independent stations from playing popular songs. Spotify listeners can choose the songs they want to play, when they want to play them. ... Pandora is a way for users to discover new music that matches their tastes, while Spotify—even though it offers radio stations, too—is better suited to stream and share music that users already know and love. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Audio" title="Nielsen Audio">Nielsen Audio</a>, formerly known as Arbitron, is consumer research company that provides ratings (similar to the <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_ratings" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen ratings">Nielsen ratings</a>) for national and local radio stations in the United States. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Digital_Audio_Broadcasting" title="Digital Audio Broadcasting">Digital Audio Broadcasting</a> goal is to replace FM broadcasting and become the future of radio. Some industry experts are wary of this new transmission method. ... However, this method of transmission could benefit internet radio stations that want to develop local coverage and keep up to speed with FM radio stations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Television">Television</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">Television in the United States</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cable_television_in_the_United_States" title="Cable television in the United States">Cable television in the United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_cable_news" title="United States cable news">United States cable news</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television_in_the_United_States" title="Satellite television in the United States">Satellite television in the United States</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Press_photographers_and_film_crews_at_Barack_Obama_rally,_February_4,_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Press_photographers_and_film_crews_at_Barack_Obama_rally%2C_February_4%2C_2008.jpg/220px-Press_photographers_and_film_crews_at_Barack_Obama_rally%2C_February_4%2C_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Press_photographers_and_film_crews_at_Barack_Obama_rally%2C_February_4%2C_2008.jpg/330px-Press_photographers_and_film_crews_at_Barack_Obama_rally%2C_February_4%2C_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Press_photographers_and_film_crews_at_Barack_Obama_rally%2C_February_4%2C_2008.jpg/440px-Press_photographers_and_film_crews_at_Barack_Obama_rally%2C_February_4%2C_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3636" /></a><figcaption>Press photographers and film crews at Barack Obama rally, February 4, 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>Ninety-nine percent of American households have at least one television and the majority of households have more than one.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The four major broadcasters in the U.S. are the National Broadcasting Company (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>), <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> (formerly the Columbia Broadcasting System), the <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">American Broadcasting Company</a> (ABC) and the <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox Broadcasting Company</a> (Fox).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 13, 2019, CBS and <a href="/wiki/Viacom_(2005%E2%80%932019)" title="Viacom (2005–2019)">Viacom</a> officially announced their <a href="/wiki/2019_merger_of_CBS_and_Viacom" title="2019 merger of CBS and Viacom">intention to merge</a>, with the combined company to be named <a href="/wiki/ViacomCBS" class="mw-redirect" title="ViacomCBS">ViacomCBS</a>. The merger was completed on December 4, 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ViacomCBSOfficialPDF_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ViacomCBSOfficialPDF-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company will have 50% interest in <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">The CW</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:77px;max-width:77px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:75px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/ABC-2021-LOGO.svg/75px-ABC-2021-LOGO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/ABC-2021-LOGO.svg/113px-ABC-2021-LOGO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/ABC-2021-LOGO.svg/150px-ABC-2021-LOGO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:132px;max-width:132px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:75px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/NBC_Peacock_%282022%29.svg/130px-NBC_Peacock_%282022%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/NBC_Peacock_%282022%29.svg/195px-NBC_Peacock_%282022%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/NBC_Peacock_%282022%29.svg/260px-NBC_Peacock_%282022%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="472" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:77px;max-width:77px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:75px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/CBS_Eyemark.svg/75px-CBS_Eyemark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/CBS_Eyemark.svg/113px-CBS_Eyemark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/CBS_Eyemark.svg/150px-CBS_Eyemark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1249" data-file-height="1249" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:61px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Fox_Broadcasting_Company_logo_%282019%29.svg/145px-Fox_Broadcasting_Company_logo_%282019%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Fox_Broadcasting_Company_logo_%282019%29.svg/218px-Fox_Broadcasting_Company_logo_%282019%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Fox_Broadcasting_Company_logo_%282019%29.svg/290px-Fox_Broadcasting_Company_logo_%282019%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="422" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:141px;max-width:141px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:61px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_CW_2024.svg/139px-The_CW_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="139" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_CW_2024.svg/209px-The_CW_2024.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_CW_2024.svg/278px-The_CW_2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="278" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The five major US broadcast networks</div></div></div></div> <p>Several Spanish language broadcast (as well as cable) networks exist, which are the most common form of non-English television broadcasts. These networks are not as widely distributed over-the-air as their English counterparts, available mostly in markets with sizable Latino and Hispanic populations; several of these over-the-air networks are alternatively fed directly to cable, satellite and IPTV providers in markets without either the availability or the demand for a locally based owned-and-operated or affiliate station. </p><p>The largest of these networks, <a href="/wiki/Univision" title="Univision">Univision</a>, launched in 1986 as a successor to the Spanish International Network. Its major competition is <a href="/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a> (est. 1986), a sister network of NBC (which acquired Telemundo in 2001). Founded: 2009 <a href="/wiki/Estrella_TV" title="Estrella TV">Estrella TV</a> is another Spanish-language broadcast television network. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Public_television" class="mw-redirect" title="Public television">Public television</a> has a far smaller role than in most other countries. However, a number of states, including West Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky, and South Carolina, among others, do have state-owned public broadcasting authorities which operate and fund all public television stations in their respective states. The income received from the government is insufficient to cover expenses and stations also rely on corporate sponsorships and viewer contributions. </p><p><a href="/wiki/DirecTV" title="DirecTV">DirecTV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network">Dish Network</a> are the major satellite television providers, with 20 and 14 million customers respectively as of February 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, the major cable television providers are <a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a> with 22 million customers, <a href="/wiki/Charter_Communications" title="Charter Communications">Charter Communications</a> with 17 million, and <a href="/wiki/Cox_Communications" title="Cox Communications">Cox Communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_U-verse" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T U-verse">AT&T U-verse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Verizon_Fios" title="Verizon Fios">Verizon Fios</a> with 5–6 million each. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motion_pictures">Motion pictures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Motion pictures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Cinema of the United States</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Rodriguez.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Robert_Rodriguez.jpg/200px-Robert_Rodriguez.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Robert_Rodriguez.jpg/300px-Robert_Rodriguez.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Robert_Rodriguez.jpg/400px-Robert_Rodriguez.jpg 2x" data-file-width="924" data-file-height="1341" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rodriguez" title="Robert Rodriguez">Robert Rodriguez</a> directed the 1992 action film <i><a href="/wiki/El_Mariachi" title="El Mariachi">El Mariachi</a></i>, which was a commercial success after grossing $2 million against an initial budget of $7,000 (before studio production costs) and launched his own cable television channel, <a href="/wiki/El_Rey_Network" title="El Rey Network">El Rey</a> thanks to advances in technology.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In the 20th century, the motion picture industry rose to become one of the most successful and powerful industries in the U.S. Along with other intellectual property industries, its relative importance to the American economy has strengthened as the importance of manufacturing and agriculture have decreased (due to <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rise_of_the_home_video_market_(1980s–1990s)"><span id="Rise_of_the_home_video_market_.281980s.E2.80.931990s.29"></span>Rise of the home video market (1980s–1990s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Rise of the home video market (1980s–1990s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1980s and 1990s saw another significant development. The full acceptance of <a href="/wiki/Home_video" title="Home video">home video</a> by studios opened a vast new business to exploit. Films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Showgirls" title="Showgirls">Showgirls</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_of_NIMH" title="The Secret of NIMH">The Secret of NIMH</a>,</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Shawshank_Redemption" title="The Shawshank Redemption">The Shawshank Redemption</a></i>, which may have performed poorly in their theatrical run, were now able to find success in the video market. It also saw the first generation of filmmakers with access to videotapes emerge. Directors such as <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> had been able to view thousands of films and produced films with vast numbers of references and connections to previous works. Tarantino has had a number of collaborations with director <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rodriguez" title="Robert Rodriguez">Robert Rodriguez</a>. Rodriguez directed the 1992 action film <i><a href="/wiki/El_Mariachi" title="El Mariachi">El Mariachi</a></i>, which was a commercial success after grossing $2 million against an initial before-production budget of $7,000. In 2011, <i>El Mariachi</i> was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> to be preserved as part of its <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". The film is further immortalized by <a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Records</a> as the lowest-budgeted film ever to gross $1 million at the box office.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was possible thanks to the explosion of <a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">independent film</a> enabled by ever-decreasing costs for filmmaking. With the rise of the DVD in the 21st century, DVDs have quickly become even more profitable to studios and have led to an explosion of packaging extra scenes, extended versions, and <a href="/wiki/Audio_commentary_(DVD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio commentary (DVD)">commentary tracks</a> with the films.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rise_of_digital_distribution">Rise of digital distribution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Rise of digital distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DVD and high-definition <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> sales have substantially declined with the rise of <a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">video on demand</a>, especially over-the-top <a href="/wiki/Streaming_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Streaming services">streaming services</a>. The range of viewing devices went through another mass expansion with the popularization of <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablet computers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a>. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drive-in_theaters" class="mw-redirect" title="Drive-in theaters">drive-in theaters</a> reported an unexpected surge in attendance in several U.S. states as, unlike with indoor theaters unable to operate because of bans on mass gatherings, these were allowed to operate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Video_games">Video games</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Video games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_the_United_States" title="Video games in the United States">Video games in the United States</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_100525-N-1831S-004_A_Sailors_en_route_to_Fleet_Week_New_York_aboard_the_multipurpose_amphibious_assault_ship_USS_Iwo_Jima_(LHD_7)_play_a_demonstration_copy_of_the_new_Top_Gun_video_game.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A Marine playing a video game" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Navy_100525-N-1831S-004_A_Sailors_en_route_to_Fleet_Week_New_York_aboard_the_multipurpose_amphibious_assault_ship_USS_Iwo_Jima_%28LHD_7%29_play_a_demonstration_copy_of_the_new_Top_Gun_video_game.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Navy_100525-N-1831S-004_A_Sailors_en_route_to_Fleet_Week_New_York_aboard_the_multipurpose_amphibious_assault_ship_USS_Iwo_Jima_%28LHD_7%29_play_a_demonstration_copy_of_the_new_Top_Gun_video_game.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/US_Navy_100525-N-1831S-004_A_Sailors_en_route_to_Fleet_Week_New_York_aboard_the_multipurpose_amphibious_assault_ship_USS_Iwo_Jima_%28LHD_7%29_play_a_demonstration_copy_of_the_new_Top_Gun_video_game.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1408" /></a><figcaption>A US Marine playing <i>Top Gun</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The United States has the largest video games presence in the world in terms of total industry employees.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, the U.S. game industry as a whole was worth US$18.4 billion and consisted of roughly 2457 companies that had a rough total of 220,000 people employed.<sup id="cite_ref-Takahashi_2017_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takahashi_2017-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U.S. video game revenue is forecast to reach $230 billion by 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the largest video game market in the world.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Over 150 million Americans play video games, with an average age of 35 and a gender breakdown of 59 percent male and 41 percent female.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, the average American gamer spent an average of 13 hours per week playing video games.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet">Internet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Internet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">Internet in the United States</a></div> <p>The Internet has provided a means for newspapers and other media organizations to deliver news and keep archives public. Revenue is generated through advertising or subscription payments. Aside from web portals and search engines like <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, the number one visited website in the United States, popular websites include <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>, <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hulu" title="Hulu">Hulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">X</a> (formerly known as Twitter), <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yelp" title="Yelp">Yelp</a>, <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinterest" title="Pinterest">Pinterest</a>, <a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a>, <a href="/wiki/TripAdvisor" class="mw-redirect" title="TripAdvisor">TripAdvisor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indeed" title="Indeed">Indeed</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quora" title="Quora">Quora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fandom_(website)" title="Fandom (website)">Fandom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Twitch_(service)" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online_streaming">Online streaming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Online streaming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Online <a href="/wiki/Streaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Streaming">streaming</a> now makes it possible to watch everything from live news and sports to classic movies to modern TV favorites in their own time, on any device. With the popularity of online streaming rising cable companies are having to extend offers to compete in this 655 billion dollar digital market.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Video">Amazon Unbox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crackle_(streaming_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crackle (streaming service)">Crackle</a> over-the-top video on demand streaming services launched in 2006, then <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hulu" title="Hulu">Hulu</a> followed in 2007. <a href="/wiki/CBS_All_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS All Access">CBS All Access</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tubi" title="Tubi">Tubi</a> were unveiled in 2014, and <a href="/wiki/YouTube_Red" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube Red">YouTube Red</a> in 2015. <a href="/wiki/Disney%2B" title="Disney+">Disney+</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apple_TV%2B" title="Apple TV+">Apple TV+</a>, launched in 2019. <a href="/wiki/HBO_Max" class="mw-redirect" title="HBO Max">HBO Max</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peacock_(streaming_service)" title="Peacock (streaming service)">Peacock</a> launched in 2020. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Virtual_MVPD" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual MVPD">Virtual MVPDs</a> are over-the-top live video streaming services that mirrored cable and TV Everywhere bundled services, priced at lower monthly rates than packages offered by traditional pay television system operators. <a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a>, <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Vue" title="PlayStation Vue">PlayStation Vue</a> and <a href="/wiki/FuboTV" title="FuboTV">fuboTV</a> were launched in 2015. <a href="/wiki/DirecTV_Now" class="mw-redirect" title="DirecTV Now">DirecTV Now</a> followed in 2016. and <a href="/wiki/Philo_(company)" title="Philo (company)">Philo</a> in 2017. <a href="/wiki/New_York_(magazine)" title="New York (magazine)">New York</a> magazine has a Vulture's streaming guide to the TV Shows and movies available for streaming on Netflix, Amazon, HBO, and Hulu. The term "<a href="/wiki/Streaming_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Streaming wars">streaming wars</a>" was coined to discuss the new era of competition between video streaming services such as Netflix, Disney+, Apple TV+, Amazon Prime, HBO Max, Funimation, Crunchyroll, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Broadcast_and_entertainment_cross-ownership">Broadcast and entertainment cross-ownership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Broadcast and entertainment cross-ownership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the current <a href="/wiki/Major_film_studios" title="Major film studios">major film studios</a> have become part of corporate conglomerates that also include major television broadcast networks and some of the most popular news and entertainment cable television channels. Sony Pictures has been an exception, and Fox sold its film properties to Disney in 2019, retaining its television and radio broadcast operations. All of the major entertainment companies have launched streaming services as they face competition from new media companies. Amazon purchased Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, one of the "big five" studios in the <a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Golden Age of Hollywood</a>, in 2022. Comcast is also a major <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">Internet service provider</a>, representing a high degree of <a href="/wiki/Vertical_integration" title="Vertical integration">vertical integration</a>. </p><p>This conglomeration gives owners the ability to reuse the same content between theaters, broadcast, and streaming, and to use intellectual property from <a href="/wiki/Media_franchise" title="Media franchise">media franchises</a> they own, across businesses without worrying about licensing. Some owners have extended their franchises into in-person <a href="/wiki/Theme_park" class="mw-redirect" title="Theme park">theme parks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Video games">video games</a>. Constantly looking for fresh source material, the major entertainment companies often compete to buy the rights to adapt books and <a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">independent films</a>; Disney and Warner Bros. Discovery own the country's top two comic book publishers. Some media franchises are also cross-licensed, especially for streaming and theme parks. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Corporate parent</th> <th>US broadcast networks</th> <th>Studios</th> <th>Streaming services</th> <th>US cable channels</th> <th>Theme parks and retail</th> <th>Other properties </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">The CW</a> (12.5%) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a>, <a href="/wiki/HBO_Films" title="HBO Films">HBO Films</a>, <a href="/wiki/RKO_Pictures" title="RKO Pictures">RKO Pictures</a> library (with <a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_owned_by_Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="List of libraries owned by Warner Bros. Discovery">extensive libraries</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Max_(streaming_service)" title="Max (streaming service)">Max</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discovery%2B" title="Discovery+">Discovery+</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vudu" class="mw-redirect" title="Vudu">Vudu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philo_(company)" title="Philo (company)">Philo</a> (joint venture) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/TBS_(American_TV_channel)" title="TBS (American TV channel)">TBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinemax" title="Cinemax">Cinemax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnolia_Network" title="Magnolia Network">Magnolia Network</a>, <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cartoon_Network" title="Cartoon Network">Cartoon Network</a>, <a href="/wiki/Animal_Planet" title="Animal Planet">Animal Planet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey_Network" title="Oprah Winfrey Network">Oprah Winfrey Network</a>, <a href="/wiki/Travel_Channel" title="Travel Channel">Travel Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/TNT_(American_TV_network)" title="TNT (American TV network)">TNT</a>, <a href="/wiki/TruTV" title="TruTV">TruTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/TNT_Sports_(United_States)" title="TNT Sports (United States)">TNT Sports</a> (including <a href="/wiki/NBA_TV" title="NBA TV">NBA TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/MLB_Network" title="MLB Network">MLB Network</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery_Global_Experiences" title="Warner Bros. Discovery Global Experiences">Warner Bros. theme parks</a> (some characters licensed to <a href="/wiki/NBCUniversal" title="NBCUniversal">NBCUniversal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Six_Flags" title="Six Flags">Six Flags</a> theme parks), Discovery Destinations parks and hotels </td> <td><a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Games" title="Warner Bros. Games">Warner Bros. Games</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fandango_Media" title="Fandango Media">Fandango Media</a> (25%, including <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Movietickets.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Movietickets.com">movietickets.com</a>), <a href="/wiki/List_of_assets_owned_by_Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="List of assets owned by Warner Bros. Discovery">more...</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a> / <a href="/wiki/NBCUniversal" title="NBCUniversal">NBCUniversal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a>, <a href="/wiki/DreamWorks_Animation" title="DreamWorks Animation">DreamWorks Animation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a>, <a href="/wiki/Working_Title_Films" title="Working Title Films">Working Title Films</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illumination_(company)" title="Illumination (company)">Illumination</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peacock_(streaming_service)" title="Peacock (streaming service)">Peacock</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC">MSNBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/USA_Network" title="USA Network">USA Network</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syfy" title="Syfy">Syfy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bravo_(American_TV_network)" title="Bravo (American TV network)">Bravo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a>, <a href="/wiki/E!" title="E!">E!</a> <a href="/wiki/Oxygen_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxygen (TV channel)">Oxygen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golf_Channel" title="Golf Channel">Golf Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sky_Group" title="Sky Group">Sky Group</a> (international) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Universal_Destinations_%26_Experiences" title="Universal Destinations & Experiences">Universal Destinations & Experiences</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Wizarding_World_of_Harry_Potter" title="The Wizarding World of Harry Potter">The Wizarding World of Harry Potter</a> is licensed from Warner Bros and <a href="/wiki/Super_Nintendo_World" title="Super Nintendo World">Super Nintendo World</a> is licensed from <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>; <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Studio_Store" title="Warner Bros. Studio Store">Warner Bros. Studio Store</a> (defunct) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vox_Media" title="Vox Media">Vox Media</a> (34%) (and formerly some <a href="/wiki/Vivendi" title="Vivendi">Vivendi</a> properties), <a href="/wiki/List_of_assets_owned_by_NBCUniversal" class="mw-redirect" title="List of assets owned by NBCUniversal">more...</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">The Walt Disney Company</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_(division)" title="Walt Disney Studios (division)">Walt Disney Studios</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Pixar" title="Pixar">Pixar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Studios" title="Marvel Studios">Marvel Studios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm" title="Lucasfilm">Lucasfilm</a>, and former Fox properties <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Studios" title="20th Century Studios">20th Century Studios</a> and <a href="/wiki/Searchlight_Pictures" title="Searchlight Pictures">Searchlight Pictures</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Disney%2B" title="Disney+">Disney+</a>, <a href="/wiki/ESPN%2B" title="ESPN+">ESPN+</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hulu" title="Hulu">Hulu</a> (formerly a joint venture), <a href="/wiki/Philo_(company)" title="Philo (company)">Philo</a> (joint venture) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Disney_Channel" title="Disney Channel">Disney Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>, <a href="/wiki/FX_(TV_channel)" title="FX (TV channel)">FX</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freeform_(TV_channel)" title="Freeform (TV channel)">Freeform (TV channel)</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(American_TV_channel)" title="National Geographic (American TV channel)">National Geographic</a>, <a href="/wiki/A%26E_Networks" title="A&E Networks">A&E Networks</a> (50%) including <a href="/wiki/History_(American_TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (American TV network)">History</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lifetime_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime (TV network)">Lifetime</a>, and <a href="/wiki/FYI_(American_TV_channel)" title="FYI (American TV channel)">FYI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Resort" title="Disneyland Resort">Disneyland Resort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_World" title="Walt Disney World">Walt Disney World</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disney_Experiences#Disney_resorts" title="Disney Experiences">other parks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disney_Cruise_Line" title="Disney Cruise Line">Disney Cruise Line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disney_Store" title="Disney Store">Disney Store</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Partners" title="National Geographic Partners">National Geographic expeditions</a> (73%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Global" title="Paramount Global">Paramount Global</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">The CW</a> (12.5%) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miramax" title="Miramax">Miramax</a> (49%), <a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon_Animation_Studio" title="Nickelodeon Animation Studio">Nickelodeon Animation Studio</a>, <a href="/wiki/MTV_Entertainment_Studios" title="MTV Entertainment Studios">MTV Entertainment Studios</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_owned_by_Paramount_Global" title="List of libraries owned by Paramount Global">extensive libraries</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paramount%2B" title="Paramount+">Paramount+</a> with Showtime, <a href="/wiki/Pluto_TV" title="Pluto TV">Pluto TV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noggin_(brand)" title="Noggin (brand)">Noggin</a>, <a href="/wiki/BET%2B" title="BET+">BET+</a>, <a href="/wiki/CBS_News_(streaming_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS News (streaming service)">CBS News (streaming service)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philo_(company)" title="Philo (company)">Philo</a> (joint venture) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime</a>, <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/VH1" title="VH1">VH1</a>, <a href="/wiki/BET" title="BET">BET</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon" title="Nickelodeon">Nickelodeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comedy_Central" title="Comedy Central">Comedy Central</a>, <a href="/wiki/CMT_(American_TV_channel)" title="CMT (American TV channel)">CMT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Network" title="Paramount Network">Paramount Network</a>, <a href="/wiki/TV_Land" title="TV Land">TV Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Channel" title="Smithsonian Channel">Smithsonian Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pop_(American_TV_channel)" title="Pop (American TV channel)">Pop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flix_(TV_network)" title="Flix (TV network)">Flix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logo_TV" title="Logo TV">Logo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Consumer_Products" title="Paramount Consumer Products">Paramount Consumer Products</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Parks" title="Paramount Parks">Paramount Parks</a> (defunct) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sullivan_Theater" title="Ed Sullivan Theater">Ed Sullivan Theater</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_assets_owned_by_Paramount_Global" title="List of assets owned by Paramount Global">more...</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fox_Corporation" title="Fox Corporation">Fox Corporation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>, <a href="/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MyNetworkTV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fox_Entertainment" title="Fox Entertainment">Fox Entertainment</a> Studios, Fox Alternative Entertainment, Fox First Run, XOF Productions, <a href="/wiki/Bento_Box_Entertainment" title="Bento Box Entertainment">Bento Box Entertainment</a>, Studio Ramsay </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fox_Nation" title="Fox Nation">Fox Nation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tubi" title="Tubi">Tubi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Business" title="Fox Business">Fox Business</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports" title="Fox Sports">Fox Sports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Weather" title="Fox Weather">Fox Weather</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/FoxNext" title="FoxNext">20th Century Fox World</a> (defunct) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/TMZ" title="TMZ">TMZ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Get_(TV_network)" title="Get (TV network)">Get (TV network)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pictures" title="Columbia Pictures">Columbia Pictures</a>, <a href="/wiki/TriStar_Pictures" title="TriStar Pictures">TriStar Pictures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aniplex" title="Aniplex">Aniplex</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll" title="Crunchyroll">Crunchyroll</a>, <a href="/wiki/Funimation" title="Funimation">Funimation</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Movie_Channel" title="Sony Movie Channel">Sony Movie Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Game_Show_Network" title="Game Show Network">Game Show Network</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cartoon_Network_Amazone" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartoon Network Amazone">Columbia Pictures Aquaverse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metreon" title="Metreon">Metreon</a> (formerly) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/PlayStation" title="PlayStation">PlayStation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment#Subsidiaries" title="Sony Entertainment">more...</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> </td> <td>(none) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amazon_MGM_Studios" title="Amazon MGM Studios">Amazon MGM Studios</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Amazon Prime Video</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MGM%2B" title="MGM+">MGM+</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon Books</a> (<a href="/wiki/MGM_Resorts_International" title="MGM Resorts International">MGM Resorts International</a> is separately owned) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Twitch_(service)" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goodreads" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Netflix,_Inc." title="Netflix, Inc.">Netflix, Inc.</a> </td> <td>(none) </td> <td>Netflix Pictures, Netflix Studios, <a href="/wiki/Netflix_Animation" title="Netflix Animation">Netflix Animation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albuquerque_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Albuquerque Studios">Albuquerque Studios</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a> </td> <td>(none) </td> <td>Temporary attractions: <a href="/wiki/Stranger_Things_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Stranger Things Store">Stranger Things Store</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stranger_Things_Experience" class="mw-redirect" title="Stranger Things Experience">Stranger Things Experience</a>, The Queen's Ball: A Bridgerton Experience, Netflix-themed restaurant; permanent "Netflix Houses" planned<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Millarworld" title="Millarworld">Millarworld</a> (comics), <a href="/wiki/StoryBots" title="StoryBots">StoryBots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grauman%27s_Egyptian_Theatre" title="Grauman's Egyptian Theatre">Grauman's Egyptian Theatre</a>, several video game developers </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_United_States" title="Communications in the United States">Communications in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journalism_in_American_film_and_television" title="Journalism in American film and television">Journalism in American film and television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_journalism_awards" title="List of American journalism awards">List of American journalism awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias_in_the_United_States" title="Media bias in the United States">Media bias in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_New_York_City" title="Media in New York City">Media in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Telecommunications_and_Information_Administration" title="National Telecommunications and Information Administration">National Telecommunications and Information Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_media_in_the_United_States" title="News media in the United States">News media in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Telecommunications policy of the United States">Telecommunications policy of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_media" title="Western media">Western media</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Zinn" title="Howard Zinn">Zinn, Howard</a>. <i>A People's History of the United States</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">Harper Perennial Modern Classics</a>, 2005. p. 671 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0060838655" title="Special:BookSources/0060838655">0060838655</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHigdonHuff2022" class="citation book cs1">Higdon, Nolan; Huff, Mickey (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iydaEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT14"><i>Let's Agree to Disagree: A Critical Thinking Guide to Communication, Conflict Management, and Critical Media Literacy</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1032168982" title="Special:BookSources/978-1032168982"><bdi>978-1032168982</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Let%27s+Agree+to+Disagree%3A+A+Critical+Thinking+Guide+to+Communication%2C+Conflict+Management%2C+and+Critical+Media+Literacy&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1032168982&rft.aulast=Higdon&rft.aufirst=Nolan&rft.au=Huff%2C+Mickey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiydaEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/these-6-corporations-control-90-of-the-media-in-america-2012-6">These 6 Corporations Control 90% Of The Media In America</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a>. June 14, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frances Goldin, Debby Smith, Michael Smith (2014). <i>Imagine: Living in a Socialist USA.</i> <a href="/wiki/Harper_Perennial" title="Harper Perennial">Harper Perennial</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0062305573" title="Special:BookSources/0062305573">0062305573</a> p. 189: <ul><li>"Twenty years ago, thirty corporations controlled 90 percent of the media. Today, it is a grand total of six mega-corporations – <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Rupert Murdoch</a>'s <a href="/wiki/News_Corporation_(1980%E2%80%932013)" class="mw-redirect" title="News Corporation (1980–2013)">News Corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disney" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney">Disney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viacom_(2005%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Viacom (2005–present)">Viacom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner">Time Warner</a>, <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a>. Besides accumulating their own profits, the media are daily trumpets for the rest of the corporate world's advertising."</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Converging Media, Diverging Politics: A Political Economy of News Media in the United States and Canada</i>. Edited by David Skinner, James R. Compton, and Michael Gasher, Rowman and Littlefield, 2005. <a href="/wiki/Robert_William_Jensen" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert William Jensen">Robert William Jensen</a>, review essay of "Rich Media, Poor Democracy: Communication Politics in Dubious Times," published in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Texas_Observer" title="The Texas Observer">The Texas Observer</a></i>, September 17, 1999, archived <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~rjensen/freelance/thinkingdemocracy.htm">here</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071204002434/http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~rjensen/freelance/thinkingdemocracy.htm">Archived</a> December 4, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsf.org/en/country/united-states">"United States | RSF"</a>. <i>rsf.org</i>. November 6, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rsf.org&rft.atitle=United+States+%7C+RSF&rft.date=2024-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsf.org%2Fen%2Fcountry%2Funited-states&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrenan2022" class="citation news cs1">Brenan, Megan (July 18, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.gallup.com/poll/394817/media-confidence-ratings-record-lows.aspx">"Media Confidence Ratings at Record Lows"</a>. <i>Gallup</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=USA+Today+Remains+Top+Newspaper+by+Circulation&rft.date=2014-10-28&rft.aulast=Stynes&rft.aufirst=Tess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fusa-today-remains-top-newspaper-by-circulation-1414511138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShaw1987" class="citation web cs1">Shaw, David (August 23, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-08-23-bk-2991-story.html">"The making of McPaper: The inside story of USA Today"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Games+software%2Fhardware+%24165B%2B+in+2018%2C+%24230B%2B+in+5+years%2C+record+%242B%2B+investment+last+year+%7C+Digi+Capital&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digi-capital.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2F01%2Fgames-software-hardware-165b-in-2018-230b-in-5-years-record-2b-investment-last-year%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theesa.com/about-esa/industry-facts/">"Industry Facts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Software_Association" title="Entertainment Software Association">Entertainment Software Association</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Industry+Facts&rft.pub=Entertainment+Software+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theesa.com%2Fabout-esa%2Findustry-facts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101023065434/http://uk.gamespot.com/news/6264092.html">"Time spent gaming on the rise – NPD"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.gamespot.com/news/6264092.html">the original</a> on October 23, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=Time+spent+gaming+on+the+rise+%E2%80%93+NPD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.gamespot.com%2Fnews%2F6264092.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBae2018" class="citation journal cs1">Bae, Sanghee (August 31, 2018). "The Factors Affecting the Korean EFL Learners' English Article Use". <i>Language and Linguistics</i>. <b>80</b>: <span class="nowrap">63–</span>98. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.20865%2F20188003">10.20865/20188003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1225-4967">1225-4967</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:125570249">125570249</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Language+and+Linguistics&rft.atitle=The+Factors+Affecting+the+Korean+EFL+Learners%27+English+Article+Use&rft.volume=80&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E63-%3C%2Fspan%3E98&rft.date=2018-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A125570249%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1225-4967&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.20865%2F20188003&rft.aulast=Bae&rft.aufirst=Sanghee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/streaming-wars">"Streaming Wars"</a>. <i>www.theverge.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theverge.com&rft.atitle=Streaming+Wars&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2Fstreaming-wars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2023/10/13/netflix-houses-coming-2025/71174354007/">'Netflix houses', where fans can immerse themselves in their favorite shows, will open in US by 2025</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Margaret A. Blanchard, ed. (2013) [1998]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9yVmAgAAQBAJ"><i>History of the Mass Media in the United States: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-91749-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-91749-4"><bdi>978-1-135-91749-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Mass+Media+in+the+United+States%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-135-91749-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9yVmAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Cynthia L. Clark, ed. (2011). "Media". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H2Xg9jZcFhMC"><i>The American Economy: A Historical Encyclopedia</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. pp. 282+. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-461-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-461-0"><bdi>978-1-59884-461-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Media&rft.btitle=The+American+Economy%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=282%2B&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-461-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH2Xg9jZcFhMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Anthony Fellow (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pID6CAAAQBAJ"><i>American Media History</i></a> (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-111-34812-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-111-34812-0"><bdi>978-1-111-34812-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Media+History&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-111-34812-0&rft.au=Anthony+Fellow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpID6CAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Nakamura" title="Lisa Nakamura">Lisa Nakamura</a> (2014). "Media". In Bruce Burgett and Glenn Hendler (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5tVyBQAAQBAJ"><i>Keywords for American Cultural Studies</i></a> (2nd ed.). New York University Press. pp. 165+. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814725313" title="Special:BookSources/9780814725313"><bdi>9780814725313</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Media&rft.btitle=Keywords+for+American+Cultural+Studies&rft.pages=165%2B&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780814725313&rft.au=Lisa+Nakamura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5tVyBQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-16757497">"United States Profile: Media"</a>, <i>BBC News</i>, August 28, 2019</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=United+States+Profile%3A+Media&rft.date=2019-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-16757497&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mediahistoryproject.org">"Media History Digital Library"</a>. David Pierce and Eric Hoyt, directors. USA. <q>Non-profit...dedicated to digitizing historic books and magazines about film, broadcasting, and recorded sound</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Media+History+Digital+Library&rft.place=USA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmediahistoryproject.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access#Free_access" title="Free to read"><img alt="Free access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a></span></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarry_Brummett" class="citation cs2">Barry Brummett, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eas-ref.press.jhu.edu/view?aid=53">"Media: An Overview"</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Simon_J._Bronner" title="Simon J. Bronner">Simon J. Bronner</a> (ed.), <i>Encyclopedia of American Studies</i>, Johns Hopkins University Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Media%3A+An+Overview&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+American+Studies&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.au=Barry+Brummett&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feas-ref.press.jhu.edu%2Fview%3Faid%3D53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMass+media+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access#Free_access" title="Free to read"><img alt="Free access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_topics" title="Template:United States topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_topics" title="Template talk:United States topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States565" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States" title="History of the United States">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1776%E2%80%931789)" title="History of the United States (1776–1789)">1776–1789</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1789%E2%80%931815)" title="History of the United States (1789–1815)">1789–1815</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1815%E2%80%931849)" title="History of the United States (1815–1849)">1815–1849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1849%E2%80%931865)" title="History of the United States (1849–1865)">1849–1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931917)" title="History of the United States (1865–1917)">1865–1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1917%E2%80%931945)" title="History of the United States (1917–1945)">1917–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1945%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the United States (1945–1964)">1945–1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1964%E2%80%931980)" title="History of the United States (1964–1980)">1964–1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1980%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the United States (1980–1991)">1980–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">1991–2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(2008%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States (2008–present)">2008–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By event</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-colonial era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Colonial history of the United States">Colonial era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress" title="Stamp Act Congress">Stamp Act Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_American_military_history" title="Colonial American military history">military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Resolves" title="Halifax Resolves">Halifax Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_Union" title="Perpetual Union">Perpetual Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_period" title="Confederation period">Confederation period</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_drafting_and_ratification_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Timeline of drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution">drafting and ratification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Era" title="Federalist Era">Federalist Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_United_States" title="Territorial evolution of the United States">Territorial evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">Indian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_genocide_in_the_United_States" title="Native American genocide in the United States">Native genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_the_United_States" title="Women's suffrage in the United States">Women's suffrage</a></li> <li>Civil rights movement <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1865%E2%80%931896)" title="Civil rights movement (1865–1896)">1865–1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1896%E2%80%931954)" title="Civil rights movement (1896–1954)">1896–1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">1954–1968</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="American imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_World_War_I" title="United States in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roaring_Twenties" title="Roaring Twenties">Roaring Twenties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="United States home front during World War II">home front</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Century" title="American Century">American Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second-wave_feminism" title="Second-wave feminism">Feminist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">LGBT Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">Post-Cold War (1991–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on Terror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_the_United_States" title="Great Recession in the United States">Great Recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_history_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the history of the United States">Outline of U.S. history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Demographic history of the United States">Demographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_discoveries" title="Timeline of United States discoveries">Discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Economic history of the United States">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions" title="Timeline of United States inventions">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States" title="Military history of the United States">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_United_States" title="Postage stamps and postal history of the United States">Postal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Technological and industrial history of the United States">Technological and industrial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_States" title="Geography of the United States">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._territorial_sovereignty" title="U.S. territorial sovereignty">Territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">Contiguous United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">federal district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_enclave" title="Federal enclave">federal enclaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">insular zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">minor outlying islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_populated_places_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of populated places in the United States">populated places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_the_United_States" title="List of earthquakes in the United States">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_the_United_States" title="List of extreme points of the United States">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_United_States" title="List of islands of the United States">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountains of the United States">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_peaks_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountain peaks of the United States">peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges#United_States" title="List of mountain ranges">ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada" title="Sierra Nevada">Sierra Nevada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Parks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li>Longest <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_United_States" title="List of rivers of the United States">rivers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_River" title="Columbia River">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_of_the_South" title="Red River of the South">Red (South)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande" title="Rio Grande">Rio Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_River" title="Yukon River">Yukon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_States" title="Time in the United States">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_States" title="Water supply and sanitation in the United States">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_States" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United States">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Politics of the United States">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="Powers of the president of the United States">powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments" title="United States federal executive departments">Executive departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_agencies_of_the_United_States_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent agencies of the United States government">Independent agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">Intelligence Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Reconnaissance_Office" title="National Reconnaissance Office">National Reconnaissance Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_law_enforcement_in_the_United_States" title="Federal law enforcement in the United States">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">ATF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">CBP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Diplomatic_Security" title="Bureau of Diplomatic Security">Diplomatic Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">DEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">ICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">Marshals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">Secret Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Security_Administration" title="Transportation Security Administration">TSA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Inspector_General_(United_States)" title="Office of Inspector General (United States)">Inspector generals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_civil_service" title="United States federal civil service">Civil service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Public policy of the United States">Public policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">current members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">current members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States#President_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">Capitol Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Government Publishing Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate Justices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">Courts of appeals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_circuit_judges" title="List of current United States circuit judges">list of judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">District courts</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_States_territorial_court" title="United States territorial court">Territorial courts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_district_and_territorial_courts" title="List of United States district and territorial courts">list of courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_district_judges" title="List of current United States district judges">list of judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_tribunals_in_the_United_States" title="Federal tribunals in the United States">Other tribunals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">U.S. attorney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_States" title="Civil liberties in the United States">civil liberties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Code of Federal Regulations">Code of Federal Regulations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_preemption" title="Federal preemption">preemption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Separation of powers under the United States Constitution">separation of powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Uniformed_services_of_the_United_States" title="Uniformed services of the United States">Uniformed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">Space Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(United_States)" title="National Guard (United States)">National Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOAA_Commissioned_Officer_Corps" title="NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps">NOAA Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Public_Health_Service_Commissioned_Corps" title="United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps">Public Health Service Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_governments_of_the_United_States" title="State governments of the United States">State</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Government of the District of Columbia">Federal District</a>,<br />and <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territorial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_constitutional_officer" title="State constitutional officer">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">Governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors" title="List of current United States governors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant governor (United States)">Lieutenant governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_lieutenant_governors" title="List of current United States lieutenant governors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_state_(U.S._state_government)" title="Secretary of state (U.S. state government)">Secretary of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_attorney_general" title="State attorney general">Attorney general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_treasurer" title="State treasurer">Treasurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_auditor" title="State auditor">Auditor/Comptroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_commissioner" title="Agriculture commissioner">Agriculture commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_commissioner" title="Insurance commissioner">Insurance commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_utilities_commission" title="Public utilities commission">Public utilities commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_police_(United_States)" title="State police (United States)">State police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_and_local_law_enforcement_agencies" title="List of United States state and local law enforcement agencies">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">List of legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_legislators" title="List of U.S. state legislators">List of legislators</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)" title="State court (United States)">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_supreme_court" title="State supreme court">Supreme courts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_chief_justices" title="List of state chief justices">Chief justices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_attorney" title="District attorney">District attorney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_district_attorneys_by_county" class="mw-redirect" title="List of district attorneys by county">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_law_(United_States)" title="State law (United States)">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_constitutions_in_the_United_States" title="State constitutions in the United States">State constitutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_statutory_codes" title="List of U.S. state statutory codes">Statutory codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_act" title="Uniform act">Uniform act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_U.S._state_and_territory_governments" title="Comparison of U.S. state and territory governments">Comparison of governments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tribe_(Native_American)" title="Tribe (Native American)">Tribal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_sovereignty_in_the_United_States" title="Tribal sovereignty in the United States">Tribal sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_recognition_in_the_United_States" title="Native American recognition in the United States">Native American recognition in the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_in_the_contiguous_United_States" title="List of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States">Federally recognized tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Alaska_Native_tribal_entities" title="List of Alaska Native tribal entities">Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States" title="State-recognized tribes in the United States">State-recognized tribes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_home_land" title="Hawaiian home land">Hawaiian home land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_States" title="Local government in the United States">Local</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">County</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_counties_and_county_equivalents" title="List of United States counties and county equivalents">List of counties and county equivalents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_executive" title="County executive">County executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheriffs_in_the_United_States" title="Sheriffs in the United States">Sheriff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_clerk" title="Municipal clerk">Clerk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coterminous_municipality" title="Coterminous municipality">Coterminous municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_charter#United_States" title="Municipal charter">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">Mayor–council government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council%E2%80%93manager_government" title="Council–manager government">Council–manager government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_commission_government" title="City commission government">City commission government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayoralty_in_the_United_States" title="Mayoralty in the United States">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_manager" title="City manager">City manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_council#United_States" title="Municipal council">City council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Minor_civil_division" title="Minor civil division">Minor divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_meeting" title="Town meeting">Town meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Special_district_(United_States)" title="Special district (United States)">Special district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_district" title="School district">School district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_school_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of school districts in the United States">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_United_States" title="Corruption in the United States">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_States" title="Elections in the United States">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign relations of the United States">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign policy of the United States">foreign policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_presidency" title="Imperial presidency">Imperial presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Ideologies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Americanism" title="Anti-Americanism">Anti-Americanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">nationalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="Political parties in the United States">Parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third parties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_political_scandals_in_the_United_States" title="List of federal political scandals in the United States">Scandals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States_by_sector" title="Economy of the United States by sector">By sector</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_States" title="Agriculture in the United States">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_United_States" title="Banking in the United States">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_United_States" title="Communications in the United States">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_States" title="Energy in the United States">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Insurance in the United States">Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_States" title="Manufacturing in the United States">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_United_States" title="Mining in the United States">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_United_States" title="Science and technology in the United States">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_States" title="Tourism in the United States">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign trade of the United States">Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">by state</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_the_United_States" title="List of exports of the United States">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_budget" title="United States federal budget">Federal budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions_by_the_United_States" title="Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States">Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve" title="Federal Reserve">Federal Reserve System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_position_of_the_United_States" title="Financial position of the United States">Financial position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_unions_in_the_United_States" title="Labor unions in the United States">Labor unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_debt_of_the_United_States" title="National debt of the United States">Public debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">Social welfare programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_States" title="Taxation in the United States">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Unemployment in the United States">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in the United States">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_the_United_States" title="Aviation in the United States">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_States" title="Driving in the United States">Driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Public transportation in the United States">Public transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Rail transportation in the United States">Rail transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Transportation policy of the United States">Transportation policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation safety in the United States">Transportation safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Trucking industry in the United States">Trucking industry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Society of the United States">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Culture of the United States">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americana_(culture)" title="Americana (culture)">Americana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_in_the_United_States" title="Architecture in the United States">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_United_States" title="Dance in the United States">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States" title="Demographics of the United States">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economic issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">affluence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eviction_in_the_United_States" title="Eviction in the United States">eviction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeownership_in_the_United_States" title="Homeownership in the United States">homeownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">personal income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">standard of living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_class_in_the_United_States" title="Working class in the United States">working class</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States" title="Education in the United States">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">attainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literacy_in_the_United_States" title="Literacy in the United States">literacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_in_the_United_States" title="Family in the United States">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_United_States" title="Fashion in the United States">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States" title="Flag of the United States">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_the_United_States" title="List of flags of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_the_United_States" title="Folklore of the United States">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Public holidays in the United States">Holidays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Federal holidays in the United States">Federal holidays</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_the_United_States" title="Housing in the United States">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">Indigenous languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">ASL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_literature" title="American literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_journalism" title="History of American journalism">journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_newspapers" title="History of American newspapers">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States" title="Music of the United States">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_in_the_United_States" title="Naming in the United States">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_the_United_States" title="National symbols of the United States">National symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_(personification)" title="Columbia (personification)">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty">Statue of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Sam" title="Uncle Sam">Uncle Sam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_philosophy" title="American philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Political ideologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_United_States" title="Society of the United States">Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_United_States" title="Sports in the United States">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_sports_in_the_United_States" title="History of sports in the United States">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_in_the_United_States" title="Theater in the United States">Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_the_United_States" title="Video games in the United States">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_art_of_the_United_States" title="Visual art of the United States">Visual art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">Affluence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Dream" title="American Dream">American Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">Educational attainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeownership_in_the_United_States" title="Homeownership in the United States">Homeownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">Middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">Personal income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">Standard of living</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_United_States" title="Health in the United States">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_the_United_States" title="Aging of the United States">Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare in the United States">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control_in_the_United_States" title="Birth control in the United States">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prenatal_care_in_the_United_States" title="Prenatal care in the United States">Prenatal care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospice_care_in_the_United_States" title="Hospice care in the United States">Hospice care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigrant_health_care_in_the_United_States" title="Immigrant health care in the United States">Immigrant health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_rationing_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare rationing in the United States">Rationing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_finance_in_the_United_States" title="Health care finance in the United States">Health care finance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_costs_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance costs in the United States">Health insurance costs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Health care prices in the United States">Health care prices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Prescription drug prices in the United States">Prescription drug prices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_in_the_United_States" title="Disability in the United States">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance in the United States">Health insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Food safety in the United States">Food safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physician_shortage_in_the_United_States" title="Physician shortage in the United States">Physician shortage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_and_health_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty and health in the United States">Poverty and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_health_in_the_United_States" title="Race and health in the United States">Race and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_the_United_States" title="Obesity in the United States">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_deserts_in_the_United_States" title="Medical deserts in the United States">Medical deserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_reproductive_health_in_the_United_States" title="Women's reproductive health in the United States">Women's reproductive health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_life_expectancy" title="List of U.S. states and territories by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_States" title="Incarceration in the United States">incarceration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_United_States_government" title="Criticism of the United States government">Criticism of government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrimination_in_the_United_States" title="Discrimination in the United States">Discrimination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States" title="Affirmative action in the United States">affirmative action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="Antisemitism in the United States">antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Intersex rights in the United States">intersex rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Islamophobia in the United States">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United States">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States" title="Racism in the United States">racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Racism against Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_African_Americans" title="Racism against African Americans">African American</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Energy policy of the United States">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental issues in the United States">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_movement_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental movement in the United States">Environmental movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_United_States" title="Climate change in the United States">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Gun politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Mass shootings in the United States">Mass shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunger in the United States">Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobacco_in_the_United_States" title="Tobacco in the United States">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">illegal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security_of_the_United_States" title="National security of the United States">National security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_States" title="Terrorism in the United States">Terrorism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid_epidemic_in_the_United_States" title="Opioid epidemic in the United States">Opioid epidemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States" title="Separation of church and state in the United States">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Xenophobia in the United States">Xenophobia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;;font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <a href="/wiki/Category:United_States" title="Category:United States">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mass_media_in_North_America162" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_America_topic" title="Template:North America topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_America_topic" title="Template talk:North America topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_America_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North America topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mass_media_in_North_America162" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mass media in North America</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Antigua and Barbuda (page does not exist)">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass media in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Barbados" title="Mass media in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Belize" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass media in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass media in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass media in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Cuba" title="Mass media in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Dominica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Dominica (page does not exist)">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_Dominican_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in the Dominican Republic (page does not exist)">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_El_Salvador" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass media in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Grenada (page does not exist)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Guatemala" title="Mass media in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Haiti" title="Mass media in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Honduras" title="Mass media in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Jamaica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Jamaica (page does not exist)">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Mexico" title="Mass media in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Nicaragua" title="Mass media in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Panama" title="Mass media in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Saint Kitts and Nevis (page does not exist)">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Saint_Lucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Saint Lucia (page does not exist)">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass media in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Anguilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Anguilla (page does not exist)">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Aruba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Aruba (page does not exist)">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Bermuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Bermuda (page does not exist)">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Bonaire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Bonaire (page does not exist)">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in the British Virgin Islands (page does not exist)">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_Cayman_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in the Cayman Islands (page does not exist)">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Cura%C3%A7ao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Curaçao (page does not exist)">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Greenland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Greenland (page does not exist)">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Guadeloupe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Guadeloupe (page does not exist)">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Martinique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Martinique (page does not exist)">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Montserrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Montserrat (page does not exist)">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Saint Barthélemy (page does not exist)">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in the Collectivity of Saint Martin (page does not exist)">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Saint Pierre and Miquelon (page does not exist)">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Saba_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Saba (island) (page does not exist)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Sint_Eustatius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Sint Eustatius (page does not exist)">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_Sint_Maarten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in Sint Maarten (page does not exist)">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass media in the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mass_media_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mass media in the United States Virgin Islands (page does not exist)">United States Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> 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