CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html class="client-nojs mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="eo" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://eo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeto"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Gazeto - Vikipedio</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )eowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","januaro","februaro","marto","aprilo","majo","junio","julio","aŭgusto","septembro","oktobro","novembro","decembro"],"wgRequestId":"558688e2-9351-4237-a4cc-20f4049b92aa","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Gazeto","wgTitle":"Gazeto","wgCurRevisionId":8899959,"wgRevisionId":8899959,"wgArticleId":23363,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect": false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"eo","wgPageContentLanguage":"eo","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Gazeto","wgRelevantArticleId":23363,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":1}}},"wgStableRevisionId":8899959,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"eo","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"eo"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath":"", "wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew", "autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym": "dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym": "Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq", "autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym": "Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","ko","koi", "krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff", "fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q11032","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":false,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":false},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.niceInfoboxes":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready", "mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.gallery","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.Rekta-ligilo-al-Komunejo","ext.gadget.DocTabs","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents", "ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=eo&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async src="/w/load.php?lang=eo&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=eo&modules=ext.gadget.niceInfoboxes&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg/1200px-NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1522"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg/800px-NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1015"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg/640px-NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="812"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Gazeto - Vikipedio"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Redakti" href="/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Vikipedio (eo)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//eo.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeto"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.eo"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://eo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeto"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://eo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeto"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Gazeto rootpage-Gazeto stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://eo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeto" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="eo" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeto&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"><a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"><input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipedio:%C4%88efpa%C4%9Do?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Ĉefpaĝo</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Hazarda_pa%C4%9Do?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Hazarde</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Apude?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Ĉirkaŭe</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--login" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Ensaluti&returnto=Gazeto&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Ensaluti</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Opcioj_pri_po%C5%9Daparato&returnto=Gazeto&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Agordoj</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source%3Ddonate%26utm_medium%3Dsidebar%26utm_campaign%3DC13_eo.wikipedia.org%26uselang%3Deo%26wmf_key%3Dminerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Donaci</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipedio:Enkonduko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Pri Vikipedio</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipedio:Malgarantio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Malgarantioj</span> </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipedio:%C4%88efpa%C4%9Do?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-eo.svg" alt="Vikipedio" width="110" height="18" style="width: 6.875em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Specialaĵo:Serĉi"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Serĉi tra Vikipedio" aria-label="Serĉi tra Vikipedio" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Serĉi tra Vikipedio [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Serĉi</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Uzanto-navigado"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gazeto</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Lingvo" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Lingvo</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Ensaluti&returnto=Gazeto&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Atenti</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Redakti</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>Gazeto</b> estas perioda publikigaĵo de konstanta grandeco (<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Formato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Formato">formato</a>) kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prezo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prezo">prezo</a>, prezentanta ĉiajn <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nova%C4%B5o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Novaĵo">novaĵojn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plej ofte gazeto enhavas ankaŭ <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reklamo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reklamo">reklamojn</a>, ekz. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konati%C4%9Da_anonco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konatiĝa anonco">konatiĝajn anoncojn</a>, ofte literaturan tekston, eble distraĵojn kiel <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Krucvortenigmo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Krucvortenigmo">krucvortenigmon</a> aŭ <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%9Cakproblemo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ŝakproblemo">ŝakproblemon</a>. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sinonimo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sinonimo">Sinonimo</a> estas <i>periodaĵo</i>. Tradicie gazetoj preseblas sur <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Papero?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Papero">papero</a>, normale malmultekosta papero, sed lastatempe plej regulaj gazetoj eldoniĝas ankaŭ rete, kio okazigas novajn situaciojn, pri tujeco de la informo, trovo de la tekstoj ktp.</p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg/300px-NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="381" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg/450px-NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg/600px-NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3806"></a> <figcaption> Kovrilpaĝo de <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> de la tago por la fino de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unua_Mondmilito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Unua Mondmilito">Unua Mondmilito</a>, nome la 11an de novembro 1918. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:International_newspaper,_Rome_May_2005.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/International_newspaper%2C_Rome_May_2005.jpg/200px-International_newspaper%2C_Rome_May_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/International_newspaper%252C_Rome_May_2005.jpg/300px-International_newspaper%252C_Rome_May_2005.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/International_newspaper%252C_Rome_May_2005.jpg/400px-International_newspaper%252C_Rome_May_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024"></a> <figcaption> Surstrata gazeto-vendejo kun internacia sekcio. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Newspaper_vendor.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Newspaper_vendor.jpg/200px-Newspaper_vendor.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Newspaper_vendor.jpg/300px-Newspaper_vendor.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Newspaper_vendor.jpg/400px-Newspaper_vendor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920"></a> <figcaption> Gazeto-vendisto ĉe <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fervoja_stacidomo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fervoja stacidomo">fervoja stacidomo</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Londono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Londono">Londono</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Specialaj gazetoj estas:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taggazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taggazeto">Taggazeto</a>: gazeto kiu aperas plurfoje semajne (plej ofte ĉiutage, krom foje dimanĉe, kaj en tiu okazo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B4urnalo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĵurnalo">ĵurnalo</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kaj, laŭ la aperritmo:</li> <li>Semajngazeto: gazeto kiu aperas unufoje semajne</li> <li>Monatgazeto: gazeto kiu aperas unufoje monate</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Revuo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Revuo">Revuo</a> aŭ <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magazino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Magazino">magazino</a>: ampleksa gazeto aperanta malpli ol ĉiutage, ofte dediĉita al limigita temaro kaj ofte bunte ilustrita</li> <li>Retgazeto: gazeto aperanta en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interreto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interreto">Interreto</a> kaj tie rekte legebla aŭ de tie elŝutebla.</li> </ul> <p>Kelkfoje oni uzas la vorton <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B4urnalo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĵurnalo">ĵurnalo</a></i> por <i>taggazeto</i> aŭ por <i>revuo</i>, sed pro la nefiksiteco de la signifo de ĉi tiu vorto, ĝi estas evitinda (vidu ĉe <i>Ĵurnalo</i>).</p> <p>Etimologie la vorto venas de nomo de monero (<i>gazetta</i>), kiu estis en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venecio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Venecio">Venecio</a> la prezo de neregula publikigaĵo, la unua aperinta en Italio, en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1536?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1536">1536</a>: <i>Gazetta di Venezia</i>.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="eo" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Enhavo</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Difino"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Difino</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Historio"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Historio</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Moderna_gazetaro"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Moderna gazetaro</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ameriko"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Ameriko</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Azio"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Azio</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Mezoriento"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Mezoriento</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Industria_Revolucio"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Industria Revolucio</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Historiaj_gazetoj"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Historiaj gazetoj</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Specializitaj_gazetoj"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Specializitaj gazetoj</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Listo_de_gazetoj_ordigitaj_la%C5%AD_landoj"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Listo de gazetoj ordigitaj laŭ landoj</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Cirkulado_kaj_legantaro"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Cirkulado kaj legantaro</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Esperantujo"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Esperantujo</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vidu_anka%C5%AD_por_Esperanto-gazetoj"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Vidu ankaŭ por Esperanto-gazetoj</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Esperanto-gazetoj"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Esperanto-gazetoj</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vidu_anka%C5%AD"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Vidu ankaŭ</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Proverbo"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Proverbo</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bildaro"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Bildaro</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Referencoj"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Referencoj</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliografio"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliografio</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#En_Esperanto"><span class="tocnumber">12.1</span> <span class="toctext">En Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#En_aliaj_lingvoj"><span class="tocnumber">12.2</span> <span class="toctext">En aliaj lingvoj</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Eksteraj_ligiloj"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Eksteraj ligiloj</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gazetaraj_arkivoj"><span class="tocnumber">13.1</span> <span class="toctext">Gazetaraj arkivoj</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Difino">Difino</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Difino" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>En sia plej ĝenerala difino, gazeto estas presaĵo de modera paĝaro, kiu en mallongaj, kutime periodaj tempospacoj (ĝis kelkmonata), aperas publike, peras <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nova%C4%B5o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Novaĵo">novaĵojn</a> el la tuta mondo kaj pri diversaj temoj kaj aĉeteblas de ĉiu. Kvar kriterioj estu do plenumitaj por povi paroli pri gazeto: aktualeco (tempoproksima raportado), periodeco (regula aperado), publikeco (alirebla por legantoj) kaj universaleco (enhava diverseco).</p> <p>Gazeto estas, malsame al revuo, presorgano devigata al aktualeco kaj estas plej ofte strukturita en pluraj enhavaj rubrikoj kiel <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Politiko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Politiko">politiko</a>, lokaj aferoj, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ekonomio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ekonomio">ekonomio</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sporto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sporto">sporto</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Distro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Distro">distro</a>, socio, kulturo, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Felietono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Felietono">felietono</a> kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nemovebla%C4%B5o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nemoveblaĵo">nemoveblaĵoj</a>, kiuj estas redaktataj de apartaj skipoj, kiuj respondecas por sia rubriko. Kontraŭe povus esti revuo de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seminario?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seminario">seminario</a> por studoj pri la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neolitiko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neolitiko">Neolitiko</a> aŭ pri <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinosa%C5%ADro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinosaŭro">dinosaŭroj</a>; en tiuj okazoj, malkovroj povus esti aktualaj, sed la ĝenerala temaro estas tute malaktuala.</p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Jornais1899.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Jornais1899.jpg/240px-Jornais1899.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="320" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 320px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Jornais1899.jpg/240px-Jornais1899.jpg" data-width="240" data-height="320" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Jornais1899.jpg 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Tradicie vagantaj gazetvendistoj estis knaboj: <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rio-de-%C4%B4anejro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rio-de-Ĵanejro">Rio-de-Ĵanejro</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1899?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1899">1899</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Ĝenerale la materialo montrata de gazeto povas dividiĝi en du grandaj fakoj, nome <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Informo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Informo">informo</a> kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Opinio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Opinio">opinio</a>. Por la unua, ĉefa ekzemplo estas la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nova%C4%B5o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Novaĵo">novaĵo</a>, kiu estas tipo de teksto kie hegemonias la informa celo ĉefe rilate al afero de tuja aktualeco kaj ĝenerala intereso: tio estas intereso por la leganto. Por la dua fako, ĉefa ekzemplo estas la ĉefartikolo, per kiu la redakta teamo kaj normale la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%88efredaktoro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ĉefredaktoro">ĉefredaktoro</a> klarigas al la publiko la sintenon de la gazeto, plej ofte rilate al la ĉefaj politikaj (aŭ ne) eventoj okazantaj en la lando, urbo, internacie ktp. Krome estas aliaj opiniaj tekstoj, kiaj artikoloj verkitaj de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Verkisto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Verkisto">verkistoj</a> (ne nepre <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B4urnalisto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĵurnalisto">ĵurnalistoj</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Politikisto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Politikisto">politikistoj</a>, simplaj legantoj (<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Letero?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Letero">leteroj</a>), <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Humoro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Humoro">humoro</a> ktp. Tiu dua parto estas la intereso de la gazeta teamo (aŭ de la ekonomi-politika grupo malantaŭe), kiu plej ofte estas interesata en komunikado kaj disvastigado de preciza politika tendenco, kio ludas gravan rolon en la politika vivo de la landoj. Same reference al kulturaj tendencoj, religioj, ekonomia klinigo de la publiko ktp.</p> <p>La redaktejo estas sekcio en gazet- aŭ revu-<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eldonejo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eldonejo">eldonejo</a>, kiu faras la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B4urnalismo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĵurnalismo">ĵurnalisman</a> laboron. La redakta laboro estas bazita sur la fundamento de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazetarlibereco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gazetarlibereco">gazetara libereco</a> (foje estis juraj polemikoj pri la libereco ne informi pri la informofontoj) kaj de la gazetara etiko (respekti <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vero?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vero">veron</a> kaj protekti informofontojn). En aŭ por redaktejo verkas redaktistoj, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B4urnalisto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĵurnalisto">ĵurnalistoj</a>, liberaj ĵurnalistoj kaj volontuloj, kelkfoje ankaŭ eksteraj fakuloj aŭ reprezentantoj de oficialaj aŭ privataj organizoj.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Historio">Historio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Historio" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>En <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antikva_Romo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Antikva Romo">Antikva Romo</a>, aperis <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acta_Diurna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Acta Diurna">Acta Diurna</a></i>, nome registaraj anoncaj gazetoj. Ili estis gravuritaj sur metalo aŭ ŝtono kaj montritaj en publikaj lokoj.</p> <p>En <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%88inio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĉinio">Ĉinio</a>, plej fruaj registarproduktitaj informaj folioj, nome <i>tipao</i>, cirkulis inter kortegaj funkciuloj dum la fino de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinastio_Han?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dinastio Han">dinastio Han</a> (2a kaj 3a jarcentoj). Inter 713 kaj 734, la <i>Kaijuan Za Bao</i> ("Bulteno de la Kortego") de la ĉina <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinastio_Tang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dinastio Tang">dinastio Tang</a> publikigis registarajn novaĵojn; ĝi estis manskribita sursilke kaj legata de registaraj funkciuloj. En 1582, estis unua referenco al private publikigitaj novaĵfolioj en Pekino, dum la fino de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinastio_Ming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dinastio Ming">dinastio Ming</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-brook_xxi_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-brook_xxi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>En la komenco de la moderna <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/E%C5%ADropo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eŭropo">Eŭropo</a> la pliiganta translima interagado kreis ankaŭ pliigantan neceson por informado kio estis plenumita de mallongaj manskribitaj novaĵfolioj ,nome <i>avvisi</i>. En 1556, la registaro de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Respubliko_Venecio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Respubliko Venecio">Venecio</a> la unua publikigis la ĉiumonatajn <i>Notizie scritte</i> (skribitaj novaĵoj), kiuj kostis po unu gazeton, nome malgrandan moneron.<sup id="cite_ref-WAN_timeline_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WAN_timeline-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tiuj <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Avviso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Avviso">avvisi</a></i> estis manskribitaj novaĵleteroj kaj kutime sendis politikajn, militajn kaj ekonomiajn novaĵojn rapide kaj efike al italaj urboj (1500–1700) — kunhavante kelkajn karakterojn de aktuala gazetaro kvankam kutime nekonsiderataj ili mem vera gazetaro.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Tamen, neniu el tiuj publikaĵoj komplete kongruis kun la klasikaj kriterioj por propra gazetaro, ĉar ili tipe ne celis la ĝeneralan publikon kaj estis limigitaj al ia gamo de temoj.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Moderna_gazetaro">Moderna gazetaro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Moderna gazetaro" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_(1609).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_%281609%29.jpg/220px-Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_%281609%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1235"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 265px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_%281609%29.jpg/220px-Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_%281609%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="265" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_%281609%29.jpg/330px-Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_%281609%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_%281609%29.jpg/440px-Relation_Aller_Fuernemmen_und_gedenckwuerdigen_Historien_%281609%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Titolpaĝo de la gazeto de Carolus <i>Relation</i> el 1609, pionira gazeto. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La apero de la rimedoj por novaĵoj en la 17a jarcento ege proksime rilatas al la konekto kun la apero kaj disvastigo de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Presma%C5%9Dino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Presmaŝino">presmaŝino</a> iku estis inventita en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1442?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1442">1442</a> de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johannes_Gutenberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johannes Gutenberg">Johannes Gutenberg</a>. Tiele en multaj lingvoj la vortoj por gazetaro aŭ novaĵinformaroj inkludas kelkajn vortojn devenaj el la radiko <i>pres-</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>La german-lingva <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Relation_aller_F%C3%BCrnemmen_und_gedenckw%C3%BCrdigen_Historien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien">Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien</a></i>, presita el 1605 antaŭen al <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1609?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1609">1609</a> de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johann_Carolus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johann Carolus">Johann Carolus</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Strasburgo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Strasburgo">Strasburgo</a>, estas ofte agnoskita kiel unua gazeto.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tiam, Strasburgo estis <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Libera_regna_urbo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libera regna urbo">libera regna urbo</a> en la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sankta_Romia_Imperio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sankta Romia Imperio">Imperio de la Germana Nacio</a>; dum la unua gazeto de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germanio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germanio">moderna Germanio</a> estis la <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Avisa_Relation_oder_Zeitung?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Avisa Relation oder Zeitung">Avisa</a></i>, publikigitaj en 1609 en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wolfenb%C3%BCttel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wolfenbüttel">Wolfenbüttel</a>.</p> <p>La unua regula gazeto nomiĝis <i>Nieuwe Tydingen</i> (Novaj komunikoj) kaj aperis ekde <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1605?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1605">1605</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antverpeno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Antverpeno">Antverpeno</a>. Eldonisto estis Abraham Verhoeven. Pli malpli samtempe aperis en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wolfenb%C3%BCttel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wolfenbüttel">Wolfenbüttel</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brunsviko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunsviko">Brunsviko</a> la gazeto <i>Aviso</i>.</p> <p>En <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1610?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1610">1610</a> aperis la unua franclingva gazeto en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amsterdamo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amsterdamo">Amsterdamo</a> kaj la nederlandlingva <i>Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c.</i> ('Kuriero el Italio, Germanio ktp.') el 1618 estis la unua kiu aperis en grandaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Folio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Folio">folioj</a>. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amsterdamo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amsterdamo">Amsterdamo</a>, tiam centro de la tutmonda komerco, rapide iĝis hejmo de gazetoj en multaj lingvoj, ofte antaŭ ol iil estis publikigitaj en siaj propraj landoj.<sup id="cite_ref-stephens_collier's_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-stephens_collier's-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kaj en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1621?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1621">1621</a> la unua anglalingva privata gazeto <i>The Corante</i> aperis en Londono. Poste en Francio en la jaro <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1631?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1631">1631</a> aperis la <i>Gazette de France</i>, fare de Theophraste Reneaudot.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La unua moderna gazeto en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italio">Italio</a>, kongrue kun la malnova eldono ankoraŭ konservita, estis <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Di_Genova?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Di Genova">Di Genova</a></i> publikigita en 1639 en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%9Cenovo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĝenovo">Ĝenovo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La unua gazeto en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugalio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugalio">Portugalio</a>, nome <i>A Gazeta da Restauração</i>, estis publikigita en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1641?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1641">1641</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lisbono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lisbono">Lisbono</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La unua gazeto en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hispanio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hispanio">Hispanio</a>, nome <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaceta_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaceta de Madrid">Gaceta de Madrid</a></i>, estis publikigita en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1661?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1661">1661</a>.</p> <p><i>Post- och Inrikes Tidningar</i> (fondita kiel <i>Ordinari Post Tijdender</i>) estis unuafoje publikigita en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Svedio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Svedio">Svedio</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1645?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1645">1645</a>, kaj estas la plej malnova gazeto ankoraŭ ekzistanta, kvankam ĝi nune estas publikata nur rete.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Opregte_Haarlemsche_Courant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Opregte Haarlemsche Courant">Opregte Haarlemsche Courant</a></i> el <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haarlem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haarlem">Haarlem</a>, unuafoje publikigita en 1656, estas la plej malnova gazeto ankoraŭ presita. Ĝi estis devigita kuniĝi kun la gazeto <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haarlems_Dagblad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haarlems Dagblad">Haarlems Dagblad</a></i> en 1942 kiam <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nazia_Germanio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nazia Germanio">Nazia Germanio</a> okupaciis <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nederlando?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nederlando">Nederlandon</a>. Ekde tiam la <i>Haarlems Dagblad</i> estis aperinta kun la subtitolo <i>Oprechte Haerlemse Courant 1656</i>. <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Merkuriusz_Polski_Ordynaryjny?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Merkuriusz Polski Ordynaryjny">Merkuriusz Polski Ordynaryjny</a></i> estis publikigita en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Krakovo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Krakovo">Krakovo</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pollando?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pollando">Pollando</a>, en 1661. La unua sukcesa angla ĵurnalo, nome <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Daily_Courant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The Daily Courant">The Daily Courant</a></i>, estis publikigita el 1702 ĝis 1735.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Ameriko">Ameriko</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Ameriko" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>En <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bostono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bostono">Bostono</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1690?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1690">1690</a>, Benjamin Harris publikigis <i>Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick</i>. Tiu estis konsiderata la unua gazeto en la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dek_tri_Kolonioj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dek tri Kolonioj">amerikaj kolonioj</a> kvankam nur unu eldono estis publikigita antaŭ la gazeto estis malpermesita de la registaro. En 1704, la guberniestro permesis la publikigon de <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Boston_News-Letter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Boston News-Letter">The Boston News-Letter</a></i> kaj ĝi iĝis la unua kontinue publikigita gazeto en la kolonioj. Tuj poste, semajnaj gazetoj ekpublikiĝis en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Novjorko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Novjorko">Novjorko</a> kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Filadelfio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Filadelfio">Filadelfio</a>. Tiuj fruaj gazetoj sekvis la Britian formaton kaj estis kutime kvarpaĝe longaj. Ili ĉefe disvastigis novaĵojn el <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Britio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Britio">Britio</a> kaj la enhavo dependis el la interesoj de la eldonistoj. En 1783, la <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pennsylvania_Evening_Post?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pennsylvania Evening Post">Pennsylvania Evening Post</a></i> iĝis la unua amerika ĵurnalo.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>En 1752, John Bushell publikigis la <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Halifax_Gazette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Halifax Gazette">Halifax Gazette</a></i>, kiu postulis esti "la unua gazeto de Kanado." Tamen, ties oficiala posteulo, nome la <i>Royal Gazette</i>, estis registara publikaĵo por leĝaj informoj kaj proklamoj pli ol kiel propra gazeto; en 1764, la "Quebec Gazette" estis unuafoje presita la 21an de junio <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1764?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1764">1764</a> kaj restas la plej malnova kontinua publikigita gazeto en Nordameriko kiel la <i>Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph</i>. Ĝi estas nune publikigita kiel anglalingva semajnaĵo el siaj oficejoj en 1040 Belvédère, suite 218, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kebeko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kebeko">Kebeko</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kebekio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kebekio">Kebekio</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kanado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kanado">Kanado</a>. En 1808, la <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeta_do_Rio_de_Janeiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro">Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> havis sian unuan eldonon, presitan per maŝinaro alportita el <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anglio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anglio">Anglio</a>, publikante novaĵojn favorajn por la registaro de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unui%C4%9Dinta_Re%C4%9Dlando_de_Portugalio,_Brazilo_kaj_Algarvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Unuiĝinta Reĝlando de Portugalio, Brazilo kaj Algarvo">Unuiĝinta Reĝlando de Portugalio, Brazilo kaj Algarvo</a>, ĉar ĝi estis produktita de la oficiala gazetservo de la Portugalia monarkio.</p> <p>En 1821, post la fino de la malpermeso de la cirkulado de privata gazetaro, aperis la unua ne-imperia presita publikaĵo, nome "Diário do Rio de Janeiro", kvankam jam ekzistis la <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Correio_Braziliense?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Correio Braziliense">Correio Braziliense</a></i>, publikigita de Hipólito José da Costa samtempe kun la "Gazeta", sed el <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Londono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Londono">Londono</a> kaj kun forte defendo de politikaj kaj kritikaj ideoj, cele al ekspono de la mankoj de la administracio. La unua gazeto en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peruo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peruo">Peruo</a> estis <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/El_Peruano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="El Peruano">El Peruano</a></i>, establita en oktobro 1825 kaj ankoraŭ publikigita nuntempe, sed kun kelkaj nomŝanĝoj.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Azio">Azio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Azio" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette,_March_10,_1781,_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette%2C_March_10%2C_1781%2C_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg/230px-Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette%2C_March_10%2C_1781%2C_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="374" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2580" data-file-height="4200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 230px;height: 374px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette%2C_March_10%2C_1781%2C_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg/230px-Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette%2C_March_10%2C_1781%2C_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg" data-width="230" data-height="374" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette%2C_March_10%2C_1781%2C_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg/345px-Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette%2C_March_10%2C_1781%2C_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette%2C_March_10%2C_1781%2C_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg/460px-Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette%2C_March_10%2C_1781%2C_University_of_Heidelberg.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Unua paĝo de la <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hicky's Bengal Gazette">Hicky's Bengal Gazette</a></i>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Dum la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinastio_Tang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dinastio Tang">Dinastio Tang</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%88inio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĉinio">Ĉinio</a> (618–906), la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kai%C4%9Duan_Za_Bao?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaiĝuan Za Bao">Kaiĝuan Za Bao</a> publikigis la novaĵojn de la registaro; ĝi estis blok-presita sur papero aŭ <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Silko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silko">silko</a>. Ĝi estas foje konsiderata unu el la plej fruaj gazetoj publikigitaj.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La unua registrita klopodo fondi gazeton de moderna stilo en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suda_Azio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suda Azio">Suda Azio</a> estis farita de William Bolts, nederlandano je la servo de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brita_Orienthinda_Kompanio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brita Orienthinda Kompanio">Brita Orienthinda Kompanio</a> en septembro 1768 en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kolkato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kolkato">Kolkato</a>. Tamen antaŭ li povis komenci sian gazeton, li estis forportita reen al Eŭropo. En <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1780?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1780">1780</a> la unua novaĵpresaĵo el tiu regiono, nome <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hicky%27s_Bengal_Gazette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hicky's Bengal Gazette">Hicky's Bengal Gazette</a></i>, estis publikigita de irlandano, nome James Augustus Hicky. Li uzis ĝin kiel rimedo por kritiki la britian regadon pere de ĵurnalismo.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Mezoriento">Mezoriento</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Mezoriento" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>La historio de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mezoriento?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mezoriento">mezorientaj</a> gazetoj datas el la 19a jarcento. Multaj eldonistoj estis ne nur ĵurnalistoj sed ankaŭ verkistoj, filozofoj kaj politikistoj. Sen oficialaj gazetoj, tiuj intelektuloj kuraĝigis publikan instruon pri <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Politiko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Politiko">politiko</a> en la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Otomana_Imperio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Otomana Imperio">Otomana</a> kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Persio">Persa</a> Imperioj. Ankaŭ literaturaj verkoj de ĉiuj ĝenroj estis seriigitaj kaj publikigitaj en tiu gazetaro.</p> <p>La unuaj gazetoj en la Otomana Imperio estis posedataj de eksterlandanoj kiuj loĝis tie kaj deziris fari propagandon pri la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Okcidenta_mondo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Okcidenta mondo">Okcidenta mondo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La plej frua estis presita en 1795 fare de la Palaco de Francio en la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istanbulo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istanbulo">Istanbula</a> distrikto Beyoğlu aŭ Pera. Indiĝena mezorienta ĵurnalismo startis en 1828, kiam <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(pa%C5%9Dao)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muhammad Ali (paŝao)">Muhammad Ali</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%A4edivo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĥedivo">Ĥedivo</a> de Egiptio, ordonis la lokan establadon de la gazeto <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vekaji-i_Misrije?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vekaji-i Misrije">Vekaji-i Misrije</a></i> (<i>Egiptaj Aferoj</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ĝi estis la unua gazeto verkita en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Osmanida_turka_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Osmanida turka lingvo">Osmanida turka</a> kaj en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Araba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Araba">araba lingvoj</a> en kontraŭaj paĝoj aŭ kolumnoj, kaj poste nur en araba, sub la titolo "<i>al-Waqa'i'a al-Masriya</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>La unua ne-oficiala turka gazeto, <i>Ceride-i Havadis</i> (Registro de Okazaĵoj), estis publikigita de anglo, nome William Churchill, en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1840?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1840">1840</a>. La unua privata gazeto publikigita de turkaj ĵurnalistoj, <i>Tercüman-ı Ahvâl</i> (Interpreto de Okazaĵoj), estis fondita de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_%C5%9Einasi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İbrahim Şinasi">İbrahim Şinasi</a> kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agah_Efendi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agah Efendi">Agah Efendi</a> kaj elsendita en 1860.<sup id="cite_ref-Ágoston_433_23-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-%C3%81goston_433-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La unua gazeto en Irano, nome <i>Kaghaz-e Akhbar</i> (La gazeto), estis kreita por la registaro fare de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mirza_Saleh_%C5%9Cirazi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mirza Saleh Ŝirazi">Mirza Saleh Ŝirazi</a> en 1837.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La unuaj gazetoj en la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arabio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arabio">Araba Duoninsulo</a> aperis en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/He%C4%9Dazo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heĝazo">Heĝazo</a>, post la sendependo for de la Otomana regado, ĉirkaŭ la fino de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unua_Mondmilito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Unua Mondmilito">Unua Mondmilito</a>. Une el la plej fruaj virinoj kiuj subskribis siajn artikolojn en araba gazetaro estis la medicina praktikantistino <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Galila_Tamarhan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Galila Tamarhan">Galila Tamarhan</a>, kiuj kontribui per artikolojn al la medicina magazino nomita "<i>Ya'asub al-Tib</i>" (Medicinestro) en la 1860-aj jaroj.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Industria_Revolucio">Industria Revolucio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Industria Revolucio" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Komence de la 19a jarcento, multaj urboj de Eŭropo, same kiel de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nordameriko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nordameriko">Norda</a> kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suda_Ameriko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Suda Ameriko">Suda Amerikoj</a>, publikigis gazet-stilajn publikaĵojn kvankam ne ĉiuj el ili disvolviĝis sammaniere; la enhavo estis el tre ampleksa gamo depende de regionaj kaj kulturaj preferoj.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Progreso en pres-teknologio rilata al la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Industria_Revolucio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Industria Revolucio">Industria Revolucio</a> ebligis, ke la gazetoj iĝu eĉ pli amplekse cirkulanta rimedo de komunikado, ĉar novaj pres-teknikoj faris la presadon malpli kosta kaj pli efika. En 1814, <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> (Londono) akiris pres-maŝinon kapablan fari 1 100 presaĵojn hore.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baldaŭ, tiu pres-maŝino estis adaptita por presi sur ambaŭ flankoj de la paĝo samtempe. Tiu plinovigo faris la gazetaron pli malmultekosta kaj tiele akirebla de pli granda parto de la loĝantaro.</p> <p>En 1830, la unua malkosta "penco-gazeto" venis al la merkato: nome la <i>Boston Evening Transcript</i> de Lynde M. Walter en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bostono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bostono">Bostono</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Usono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usono">Usono</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La penco-gazetoj kostis ĉirkaŭ unu sesonon de la prezo de aliaj gazetoj kaj direktis sin al pli ampleksa publiko, kiel malpli kleraj kaj pli malriĉaj personoj.<sup id="cite_ref-bird_29-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-bird-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En Francio, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89mile_de_Girardin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Émile de Girardin">Émile de Girardin</a> startis la gazeton "La Presse" en 1836, enkondukante malmultekostajn, reklam-subtenitajn ĵurnalojn en Francio. En 1848, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/August_Zang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="August Zang">August Zang</a>, aŭstro kiu konis Girardin en Parizo, revenis en Vienon kaj enkondukis la samajn metodojn per "<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Die_Presse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Die Presse">Die Presse</a>" (kies titolo estis evidente kopiita el la publikaĵo de Girardin.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Historiaj_gazetoj">Historiaj gazetoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Historiaj gazetoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Pravda – published on 5 May 1912 (22 April 1912 OS)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg/267px-First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 267px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg/267px-First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg" data-alt="Pravda – published on 5 May 1912 (22 April 1912 OS)" data-width="267" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg/401px-First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg/534px-First_Issue_of_PRAVDA.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Unua apero de PRAVDA de 5a de majo 1912 (22a de aprilo 1912 malnovstile). </figcaption> </figure> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <ul> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ABC_(hispana_%C4%B5urnalo)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ABC (hispana ĵurnalo)">ABC</a></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al-Ahram?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Al-Ahram">Al-Ahram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asahi_Shimbun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asahi Shimbun">Asahi Shimbun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Anarchie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Anarchie">L'Anarchie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charlie_Hebdo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charlie Hebdo">Charlie Hebdo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Corriere_della_Sera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Corriere della Sera">Corriere della Sera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Economist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Einkommende_Zeitungen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Einkommende Zeitungen">Einkommende Zeitungen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeta_Wyborcza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gazeta Wyborcza">Gazeta Wyborcza</a></i></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Granma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Granma">Granma</a></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harper%27s_Weekly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harper's Weekly">Harper's Weekly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Monde_diplomatique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Monde diplomatique">Le Monde diplomatique</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York_World?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York World">New York World</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Petit_Parisien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Petit Parisien">Le Petit Parisien</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pravda_(rusa_gazeto)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pravda (rusa gazeto)">Pravda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Stampa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Stampa">La Stampa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Die_Welt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Die Welt">Die Welt</a></i></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Specializitaj_gazetoj">Specializitaj gazetoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Specializitaj gazetoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Harper%27s_January.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Harper%27s_January.png/220px-Harper%27s_January.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="336" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1007" data-file-height="1536"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 336px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Harper%27s_January.png/220px-Harper%27s_January.png" data-width="220" data-height="336" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Harper%27s_January.png/330px-Harper%27s_January.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Harper%27s_January.png/440px-Harper%27s_January.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i>Harper's Monthly</i>, ĉiumonata literatura kaj politika gazeto de fino de la 19a jarcento. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Plej konataj laŭ la nomigo de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Revuo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Revuo">revuo</a>, tiuj gazetoj diferenciĝas pro ne tiom forta dependo de la aktualaĵoj kaj anstataŭe pli forta dependo el orientitaj artikoloj kaj enhavoj. Tiuj specialigo povas esti en tre ampleksa gamo (<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sporto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sporto">sporto</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%88asado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĉasado">ĉasado</a>, motoroj, scienco, historio, naturo, religio (diversaj eklezioj), politiko (diversaj ideologioj), <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Filatelio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Filatelio">filatelio</a>, navigado, negocoj, komputiloj, humoro, literaturo, muziko, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pornografio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pornografio">pornografio</a>, ktp.</p> <p>Jen malgranda elekto inter tiuj famaj internacie:</p> <ul> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(gazeto)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cosmopolitan (gazeto)">Cosmopolitan</a></i> (por virinoj)</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Etnismo_(revuo)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Etnismo (revuo)">Etnismo</a> (pri <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Etno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Etno">etnoj</a> el la tuta mondo)</li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Geographic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Geographic">National Geographic</a></i> (pri <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geografio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geografio">geografio</a> kaj vojaĝoj)</li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rolling_Stone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i> (pri <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rok-muziko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rok-muziko">rok-muziko</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sight_%26_Sound?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sight & Sound">Sight & Sound</a></i> (pri <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kino">kino</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Lancet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Lancet">The Lancet</a></i> (pri <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medicino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medicino">medicino</a>)</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Listo_de_gazetoj_ordigitaj_laŭ_landoj"><span id="Listo_de_gazetoj_ordigitaj_la.C5.AD_landoj"></span>Listo de gazetoj ordigitaj laŭ landoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Listo de gazetoj ordigitaj laŭ landoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8860200">.mw-parser-output .cxefartikolo{background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.5em;font-style:italic}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cxefartikolo{background-color:#202122;color:white;border:1px solid #333333}html.skin-theme-clientpref-light .mw-parser-output .cxefartikolo{background-color:#F9F9F9;color:black;border:1px solid #AAAAAA}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cxefartikolo{background-color:#202122;color:white;border:1px solid #333333}}</style> <div class="cxefartikolo" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/12px-Loupe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="57"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/12px-Loupe.svg.png" data-width="12" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/18px-Loupe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/24px-Loupe.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> Pli detalaj informoj troveblas en artikolo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Listo_de_gazetoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Listo de gazetoj">Listo de gazetoj</a>. </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Cirkulado_kaj_legantaro">Cirkulado kaj legantaro</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Cirkulado kaj legantaro" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8860200"> <div class="cxefartikolo" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/12px-Loupe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="57"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/12px-Loupe.svg.png" data-width="12" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/18px-Loupe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/24px-Loupe.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> Pli detalaj informoj troveblas en artikolo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Listo_de_tag%C4%B5urnaloj_la%C5%AD_eldonkvanto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Listo de tagĵurnaloj laŭ eldonkvanto">Listo de tagĵurnaloj laŭ eldonkvanto</a>. </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Newspaper_vendor.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Newspaper_vendor.jpg/220px-Newspaper_vendor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Newspaper_vendor.jpg/220px-Newspaper_vendor.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Newspaper_vendor.jpg/330px-Newspaper_vendor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Newspaper_vendor.jpg/440px-Newspaper_vendor.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Gazetvendisto, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paddington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paddington">Paddington</a>, Londono, februaro 2005. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La nombro de ekzempleroj distribuataj, ĉu averaĝe ĉu en partikularaj tagoj (tipe dimanĉe), estas nomata cirkulado de gazetoj kaj estas unu el la ĉefaj faktoroj uzataj por kalkuli indicojn kaj fiksi prezojn de reklamado. Cirkulado ne estas necese la sama kiel venditaj ekzempleroj, ĉar kelkaj ekzempleroj aŭ gazetoj estas distribuataj senkoste. La nombro de legantaro povas esti pli alta ol la ciferoj de cirkulado ĉar multaj ekzempleroj estas legataj de pli ol unu persono (foje eĉ de multaj), kvankam tio estas iom ekvilibrata kun la nombro de ekzempleroj distribuataj sed ne legitaj (ĉefe pro tiuj distribuataj senpage). En Usono, la "Alliance for Audited Media" estas institucio kiu havas historian kaj nuntempan informaron pri averaĝa cirkulado de ĉiutagaj kaj ĉiusemajnaj gazetoj kaj de aliaj periodaĵoj.</p> <p>Laŭ la <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guinness_Book_of_Records?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinness Book of Records">Guinness Book of Records</a></i>, la ĉiutaga cirkulado de la Sovetunia gazeto <i>Trud</i> superis 21,500,000 en 1990, dum la Sovetunia ĉiusemajna <i>Argumentij i Faktij</i> fanfaronis pri cirkulado de 33,500,000 en 1991. Laŭ informo de Unuiĝintaj Nacioj el 1995 <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Japanio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Japanio">Japanio</a> havas tri ĉiutagajn ĵurnalojn — nome <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yomiuri_Shimbun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yomiuri Shimbun">Yomiuri Shimbun</a></i>, <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asahi_Shimbun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asahi Shimbun">Asahi Shimbun</a></i>, kaj <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mainichi_Shimbun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mainichi Shimbun">Mainichi Shimbun</a></i> — kun cirkulado sufiĉe super 5.5 milionoj. La gazeto de Germanio nome <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bild-Zeitung?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bild-Zeitung">Bild</a></i>, kun cirkulado de 3.8 milionoj, estis la nura alia gazeto en tiu kategorio. En Unuiĝinta Reĝlando, <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Sun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Sun">The Sun</a></i> estas la plej vendata, kun ĉirkaŭ 3.24 milionoj da ekzempleroj distribuataj ĉiutage. En Usono, <i>The Wall Street Journal</i> havas ĉiutagan cirkuladon de proksimume 2.02 milionoj, kio faras ĝin la plej amplekse distribuata gazeto en la lando.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Kvankam la paganta legantaro de presata gazetaro rapide malpliiĝis en la disvolviĝintaj landoj de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OECD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>, ĝi estis pliiĝante en la plej gravaj disvolviĝantaj landoj (<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brazilo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brazilo">Brazilo</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Barato">Barato</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indonezio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indonezio">Indonezio</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%88inio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĉinio">Ĉinio</a> kaj en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sudafriko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sudafriko">Sudafriko</a>), kies pagita ĉiutaga cirkulado superis tiun de la disvolviĝintaj landoj por la unua fojo en 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En Barato,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Times_of_India?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i> estas la plej grand-cirkulanta anglalingva gazeto, kun 3.14 milionoj da ekzempleroj ĉiutage. Laŭ la Barata Enketo de Legantaro de 2009, la <i>Dainik Jagran</i> estas la plej legata, lok-lingva (Hindia) gazeto, kun 55.7 milionoj da legantoj.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Laŭ Tom Standage de <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Economist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>, Barato nuntempe havas ĉiutagan gazetcirkuladon de 110 milionoj da ekzempleroj.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <span> <video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/USA_Today_newsracks.webm/220px--USA_Today_newsracks.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="40" data-mwtitle="USA_Today_newsracks.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Dosiero:USA_Today_newsracks.webm"> <source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/USA_Today_newsracks.webm/USA_Today_newsracks.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/USA_Today_newsracks.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="480"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/USA_Today_newsracks.webm/USA_Today_newsracks.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/USA_Today_newsracks.webm/USA_Today_newsracks.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/USA_Today_newsracks.webm/USA_Today_newsracks.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360"> </video></span> <figcaption> Aĉetante gazeton. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Ofta mezuro de la bonfarto de gazeto estas la merkatpenetrado, esprimitaa kiel procento de hejmoj kiuj ricevas ekzemplerojn de la gazeto kontraŭ la totala nombro de hejmoj en la merkatareo de la gazeto. En la 1920-aj jaroj, je tutlanda bazo en Usono, ĉiutagaj gazetoj atingis merkatpenetradon de 123 procento (en la signifo ke averaĝa usona hejmo ricevis 1.23 gazetojn). Dum aliaj amaskomunikiloj ekkonkurencis kun gazetoj, kaj dum presado iĝis pli facila kaj malpli kosta kio kreis pli grandan diversecon de publikaĵoj, merkatpenetrado ekmalpliiĝis. Nur komence de la 1970-aj jaroj, tamen, tiu merkatpenetrado falis sub 100 procento. Ĉirkaŭ 2000, estis 53 procento kaj ankoraŭ estas falanta.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Multaj pagendaj gazetoj proponas varion de abonplanoj. Por ekzemplo, kelkaj povas deziri nur dimanĉan ekzempleron, aŭ eble nur dimanĉan kaj sabatan aŭ eble nur laborsemajnan abonon, aŭ eble ĉiutagan abonon. Plej gazetoj havigas iom aŭ ĉion el sia enhavo en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interreto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interreto">Interreto</a>, ĉu senpage aŭ kontraŭ pago. En kelkaj okazoj, senpaga alireblo estas disponebla nur por kelkaj tagoj aŭ semajnoj, aŭ por preciza nombro de viditaj artikoloj, post kio legantoj devas registriĝi kaj havigi personan informaron. Aliokaze, oni disponas el arkivoj.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Esperantujo">Esperantujo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Esperantujo" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8860200"> <div class="cxefartikolo" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/12px-Loupe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="57"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/12px-Loupe.svg.png" data-width="12" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/18px-Loupe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Loupe.svg/24px-Loupe.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> Pli detalaj informoj troveblas en artikolo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esperanto-gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Esperanto-gazeto">Esperanto-gazeto</a>. </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:1905-01-ge-front.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/1905-01-ge-front.jpg/200px-1905-01-ge-front.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="259" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="442" data-file-height="572"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 259px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/1905-01-ge-front.jpg/200px-1905-01-ge-front.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="259" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/1905-01-ge-front.jpg/300px-1905-01-ge-front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/1905-01-ge-front.jpg/400px-1905-01-ge-front.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germana_Esperantisto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germana Esperantisto">Germana Esperantisto</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Januaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Januaro">januaro</a> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1905?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1905">1905</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Kongreslibro.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kongreslibro.jpg/180px-Kongreslibro.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="271" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="826" data-file-height="1244"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 271px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kongreslibro.jpg/180px-Kongreslibro.jpg" data-width="180" data-height="271" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kongreslibro.jpg/270px-Kongreslibro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kongreslibro.jpg/360px-Kongreslibro.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Kovrilpaĝo de samtempe gazeto kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kongreslibro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kongreslibro">kongreslibro</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Kovrilo_Monato_majo_2008.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/eo/thumb/5/58/Kovrilo_Monato_majo_2008.png/200px-Kovrilo_Monato_majo_2008.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="266" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="223" data-file-height="297"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 266px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/eo/thumb/5/58/Kovrilo_Monato_majo_2008.png/200px-Kovrilo_Monato_majo_2008.png" data-width="200" data-height="266" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/eo/5/58/Kovrilo_Monato_majo_2008.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monato_(gazeto)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monato (gazeto)">Monato</a></i>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Majo">majo</a> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2008?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2008">2008</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Jenoj.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Jenoj.JPG/200px-Jenoj.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Jenoj.JPG/200px-Jenoj.JPG" data-width="200" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Jenoj.JPG/300px-Jenoj.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Jenoj.JPG/400px-Jenoj.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jongeren_Esperanto_Nieuws?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jongeren Esperanto Nieuws">Jongeren Esperanto Nieuws</a></i>, JEN, historia junulara gazeto el <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nederlando?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nederlando">Nederlando</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p><b>Esperanto-gazeto</b> estas <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perioda%C4%B5o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodaĵo">periodaĵo</a> (tradicie, sed malprecize nomita <i>gazeto</i>) aŭ en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esperanto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Esperanto">Esperanto</a> aŭ en alia lingvo pri Esperanto. Kelkfoje oni inkluzivas ankaŭ alilingvajn periodaĵojn, kiuj dum certa tempo publikigis regulan rubrikon skribitan en Esperanto. Kontraŭ la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibliografio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliografio">bibliografia</a> kutimo en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioteko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biblioteko">bibliotekoj</a> oni tradicie ne inkluzivas publikigaĵojn kun longa aper-ritmo kiel <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jarlibro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jarlibro">jarlibroj</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kongreslibro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kongreslibro">kongreslibroj</a>, regule aperantaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adreslibro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Adreslibro">adreslibroj</a> kaj similaj.</p> <p>La terminoj por Esperanto-periodaĵoj forte varias, ekzemple <i>letero</i>, <i>folioj</i>, <i>informilo</i>, <i>cirkulero</i>, <i>gazeto</i>, <i>revuo</i>, <i>ĵurnalo</i>, <i>magazino</i>, <i>bulteno</i> kaj aliaj. La uzado de tiuj terminoj ofte estas malpreciza. Tiu ĉi artikolo pro tio ne distingas periodaĵojn strikte laŭ tiuj kategorioj.</p> <p>De la unua Esperanto-periodaĵo, <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Esperantisto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Esperantisto">La Esperantisto</a></i>, aperis pli ol dek mil titoloj de tre malsama amplekso, enhavo, daŭro kaj kvalito (vidu la bazan literaturon malsupre). La plejmulto nur mallonge aperis, la averaĝa daŭro estas ĉirkaŭ 5 jaroj; sed multaj aperis aŭ aperas dum jardekoj.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Novembra15Reta.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Novembra15Reta.jpg/220px-Novembra15Reta.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="1047"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 288px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Novembra15Reta.jpg/220px-Novembra15Reta.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="288" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Novembra15Reta.jpg/330px-Novembra15Reta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Novembra15Reta.jpg/440px-Novembra15Reta.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Kovrilpaĝo de la 2015-11a numero de la revuo <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esperanto_(revuo)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Esperanto (revuo)">Esperanto</a></i> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG/220px-1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="322" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="2642"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 322px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG/220px-1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="322" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG/330px-1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG/440px-1889-12_La_Esperantisto_p_01.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Esperantisto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Esperantisto">La Esperantisto</a></i>, 1889 </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Vidu_ankaŭ_por_Esperanto-gazetoj"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD_por_Esperanto-gazetoj"></span>Vidu ankaŭ por Esperanto-gazetoj</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ por Esperanto-gazetoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazetoteko_Lanti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gazetoteko Lanti">Gazetoteko Lanti</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Esperanta_Gazetejo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Esperanta Gazetejo">La Esperanta Gazetejo</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Esperanto-gazetoj">Esperanto-gazetoj</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Esperanto-gazetoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beletra_Almanako?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beletra Almanako">Beletra Almanako</a>, la plej bonkvalita aktuala gazeto pri kaj originala kaj tradukita literaturo</li> <li><i><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Monde_de_l%27Esp%C3%A9ranto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Monde de l'Espéranto">Le Monde de l'Espéranto</a></i></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medicina_Heroldo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medicina Heroldo">Medicina Heroldo</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monato_(gazeto)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monato (gazeto)">Monato</a>, la plej veterana Esperanto-gazeto pri informo tutmonda pri ĝeneralaj aferoj, sed ne pri Esperanto</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Semajno_de_enigmoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Semajno de enigmoj">Semajno de enigmoj</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sennaciulo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sennaciulo">Sennaciulo</a>, iam ĉiumonata, nun dumonata, pri informo tutmonda ĉefe rilate al la vivo de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laboristo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laboristo">laboristoj</a> kaj movadoj de aktivuloj</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sennacieca_Revuo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sennacieca Revuo">Sennacieca Revuo</a>, kiel la antaŭa de la organizo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SAT?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="SAT">SAT</a>, sed ĉiujara kaj pri pli kulturaj, klerigaj kaj sciencaj temoj</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Turka_Stelo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Turka Stelo">Turka Stelo</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Umujo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Umujo">Umujo</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vidu_ankaŭ"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD"></span>Vidu ankaŭ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amaskomunikilo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amaskomunikilo">Amaskomunikilo</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eldonejo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eldonejo">Eldonejo</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esperanto-gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Esperanto-gazeto">Esperanto-gazeto</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazetarkonferenco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gazetarkonferenco">Gazetarkonferenco</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazetarlibereco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gazetarlibereco">Gazetarlibereco</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grandgazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grandgazeto">Grandgazeto</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B4urnalismo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĵurnalismo">Ĵurnalismo</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B4urnalisto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĵurnalisto">Ĵurnalisto</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B4urnalo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ĵurnalo">Ĵurnalo</a></li> <li>CIM (<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Centrum_voor_Informatie_over_de_Media?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Centrum voor Informatie over de Media">Centrum voor Informatie over de Media</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Listo_de_gazetoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Listo de gazetoj">Listo de gazetoj</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Listo_de_tag%C4%B5urnaloj_la%C5%AD_eldonkvanto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Listo de tagĵurnaloj laŭ eldonkvanto">Listo de tagĵurnaloj laŭ eldonkvanto</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monda_Asocio_de_Gazetoj_kaj_Nova%C4%B5aj_Eldonistoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monda Asocio de Gazetoj kaj Novaĵaj Eldonistoj">Monda Asocio de Gazetoj kaj Novaĵaj Eldonistoj</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scienca_gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scienca gazeto">Scienca gazeto</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Proverbo">Proverbo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Proverbo" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <p>Ekzistas <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proverbo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Proverbo">proverboj</a> pri koko/kokino en la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proverbaro_Esperanta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Proverbaro Esperanta">Proverbaro Esperanta</a> de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L. L. Zamenhof">L. L. Zamenhof</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>:</p> <ul> <li> <table style="padding:0; margin:0; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="40px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Citaĵo"> <noscript> <img alt="Citaĵo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/40px-P_writing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 36px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/40px-P_writing.svg.png" data-alt="Citaĵo" data-width="40" data-height="36" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/60px-P_writing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/80px-P_writing.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></td> <td> <table style="padding:0; margin:0; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td><span style="color:#84a3e0; font-size:150%; line-height:75%;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;"><b>„</b></span> <i>Lerneja sekreto ne iru al gazeto.</i> <span style="color:#84a3e0; font-size:150%; line-height:75%;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif"><b>”</b></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></li> <li> <table style="padding:0; margin:0; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="40px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Citaĵo"> <noscript> <img alt="Citaĵo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/40px-P_writing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 36px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/40px-P_writing.svg.png" data-alt="Citaĵo" data-width="40" data-height="36" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/60px-P_writing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/80px-P_writing.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></td> <td> <table style="padding:0; margin:0; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td><span style="color:#84a3e0; font-size:150%; line-height:75%;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;"><b>„</b></span> <i>Mensogas kiel gazeto.</i> <span style="color:#84a3e0; font-size:150%; line-height:75%;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif"><b>”</b></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bildaro">Bildaro</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Bildaro" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 302px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 300px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Msc_2008-Saturday,_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Gazetkonferenco."> <noscript> <img alt="Gazetkonferenco." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Msc_2008-Saturday%2C_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg/450px-Msc_2008-Saturday%2C_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="1133"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Msc_2008-Saturday%2C_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg/450px-Msc_2008-Saturday%2C_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg" data-alt="Gazetkonferenco." data-width="300" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Msc_2008-Saturday%2C_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg/675px-Msc_2008-Saturday%2C_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Msc_2008-Saturday%2C_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg/901px-Msc_2008-Saturday%2C_09.00_-_11.00_Uhr-Moerk001_Sa.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Gazetkonferenco. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Legi gazeton (eĉ publike) estas parto de la ĉiutaga vivo."> <noscript> <img alt="Legi gazeton (eĉ publike) estas parto de la ĉiutaga vivo." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG/400px-Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3296" data-file-height="2472"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 267px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG/400px-Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG" data-alt="Legi gazeton (eĉ publike) estas parto de la ĉiutaga vivo." data-width="267" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG/600px-Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG/800px-Roberto_Fiadone_leyendo_el_diario.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Legi gazeton (eĉ publike) estas parto de la ĉiutaga vivo. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="La nederlandlingva Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c. ('Kuriero el Italio, Germanio ktp.') el 1618 estis la unua gazeto kiu aperis en grandaj folioj."> <noscript> <img alt="La nederlandlingva Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c. ('Kuriero el Italio, Germanio ktp.') el 1618 estis la unua gazeto kiu aperis en grandaj folioj." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg/168px-Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1070" data-file-height="1911"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 112px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg/168px-Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg" data-alt="La nederlandlingva Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c. ('Kuriero el Italio, Germanio ktp.') el 1618 estis la unua gazeto kiu aperis en grandaj folioj." data-width="112" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg/252px-Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg/336px-Oudste_krant_Nederland_1618.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> La nederlandlingva <i>Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c.</i> ('Kuriero el Italio, Germanio ktp.') el 1618 estis la unua gazeto kiu aperis en grandaj folioj. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 126.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 124.66666666667px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Frontpaĝo de la gazeto de Abraham Casteleyn nome Weeckelycke Courante van Europa."> <noscript> <img alt="Frontpaĝo de la gazeto de Abraham Casteleyn nome Weeckelycke Courante van Europa." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg/187px-Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="935" data-file-height="1500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 125px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg/187px-Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg" data-alt="Frontpaĝo de la gazeto de Abraham Casteleyn nome Weeckelycke Courante van Europa." data-width="125" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg/280px-Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg/374px-Abraham_Casteleyn00.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Frontpaĝo de la gazeto de Abraham Casteleyn nome <i>Weeckelycke Courante van Europa</i>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 251.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 249.33333333333px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Primera_edici%C3%B3n_de_El_Peruano_(1825).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Unua eldono de El Peruano (1825)."> <noscript> <img alt="Unua eldono de El Peruano (1825)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Primera_edici%C3%B3n_de_El_Peruano_%281825%29.jpg/374px-Primera_edici%C3%B3n_de_El_Peruano_%281825%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="461"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Primera_edici%C3%B3n_de_El_Peruano_%281825%29.jpg/374px-Primera_edici%C3%B3n_de_El_Peruano_%281825%29.jpg" data-alt="Unua eldono de El Peruano (1825)." data-width="250" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Primera_edici%C3%B3n_de_El_Peruano_%281825%29.jpg/561px-Primera_edici%C3%B3n_de_El_Peruano_%281825%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Primera_edici%C3%B3n_de_El_Peruano_%281825%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Unua eldono de El Peruano (1825). </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 143.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 141.33333333333px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:L%27anarchie_(1907).png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="L'Anarchie, 3a de Januaro 1907."> <noscript> <img alt="L'Anarchie, 3a de Januaro 1907." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/L%27anarchie_%281907%29.png/212px-L%27anarchie_%281907%29.png" decoding="async" width="142" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2481" data-file-height="3508"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 142px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/L%27anarchie_%281907%29.png/212px-L%27anarchie_%281907%29.png" data-alt="L'Anarchie, 3a de Januaro 1907." data-width="142" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/L%27anarchie_%281907%29.png/318px-L%27anarchie_%281907%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/L%27anarchie_%281907%29.png/424px-L%27anarchie_%281907%29.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <i>L'Anarchie</i>, 3a de Januaro 1907. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 146px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 144px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="The Sun, gazeto de Benjamin Day."> <noscript> <img alt="The Sun, gazeto de Benjamin Day." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg/216px-NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="693"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 144px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg/216px-NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg" data-alt="The Sun, gazeto de Benjamin Day." data-width="144" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg/325px-NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg/433px-NewYorkSun1834LR.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <i>The Sun</i>, gazeto de Benjamin Day. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 143.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 141.33333333333px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Benjamin_H_Day.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Benjamin H. Day, fondinto de la unua penco-gazeto en Usono."> <noscript> <img alt="Benjamin H. Day, fondinto de la unua penco-gazeto en Usono." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Benjamin_H_Day.jpg/212px-Benjamin_H_Day.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="578"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 142px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Benjamin_H_Day.jpg/212px-Benjamin_H_Day.jpg" data-alt="Benjamin H. Day, fondinto de la unua penco-gazeto en Usono." data-width="142" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Benjamin_H_Day.jpg/317px-Benjamin_H_Day.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Benjamin_H_Day.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Benjamin H. Day, fondinto de la unua penco-gazeto en Usono. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 134px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 132px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Frontpaĝo de la 3a de julio, 1848, de la unua numero de la origina Die Presse."> <noscript> <img alt="Frontpaĝo de la 3a de julio, 1848, de la unua numero de la origina Die Presse." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png/198px-Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png" decoding="async" width="132" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1552"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 132px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png/198px-Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png" data-alt="Frontpaĝo de la 3a de julio, 1848, de la unua numero de la origina Die Presse." data-width="132" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png/297px-Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png/396px-Die_Presse_3._Juli_1848.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Frontpaĝo de la 3a de julio, 1848, de la unua numero de la origina <i>Die Presse</i>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 146px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 144px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:1915NatGeog.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Kovrilpaĝo de la numero de Januaro 1915 de The National Geographic Magazine."> <noscript> <img alt="Kovrilpaĝo de la numero de Januaro 1915 de The National Geographic Magazine." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/1915NatGeog.jpg/216px-1915NatGeog.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="344" data-file-height="477"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 144px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/1915NatGeog.jpg/216px-1915NatGeog.jpg" data-alt="Kovrilpaĝo de la numero de Januaro 1915 de The National Geographic Magazine." data-width="144" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/1915NatGeog.jpg/324px-1915NatGeog.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/1915NatGeog.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Kovrilpaĝo de la numero de Januaro 1915 de <i>The National Geographic Magazine</i>. </div></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <div class="reflist references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Dua signifo en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PIV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PIV">PIV</a>, post la unua kiu estus historia koncepto por publikigaĵo el <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%9Ctato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ŝtato">ŝtato</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://vortaro.net/%23gazeto">[1]</a> Alirita la 20an de marto 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Klarigo de PIV <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://vortaro.net/%23gazeto">[2]</a> Alirita la 20an de marto 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-brook_xxi-3"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-brook_xxi_3-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Timothy Brook. (1998). <i>The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China</i>. Berkeley: University of California Press. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0520221540?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-520-22154-0</a> (Paperback). Paĝo xxi.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-WAN_timeline-4"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WAN_timeline_4-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.wan-press.org/article2822.html">WAN — A Newspaper Timeline</a>. Wan and-press.org. Alirita 2012-02-21 . <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111093302/http://www.wan-press.org/article2822.html">Arkivita kopio</a>. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.wan-press.org/article2822.html">la originalo</a> je 2012-01-11. Alirita 2014-06-24 .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Infelise, Mario. "Roman Avvisi: Information and Politics in the Seventeenth Century." <i>Court and Politics in Papal Rome, 1492–1700</i>. Cambridge: <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2002. 212,214,216–217</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Weber, Johannes (2006). “Strassburg, 1605: The Origins of the Newspaper in Europe”, <i>German History</i> <b>24</b> (3), <span style="white-space:nowrap;">p. 387–412 (387)</span>. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cifereca_objekta_identigilo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cifereca objekta identigilo">doi</a>:<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1191/0266355406gh380oa" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1191/0266355406gh380oa">10.1191/0266355406gh380oa</a>.</cite><span style="display:none;"> </span>: <table style="padding:0; margin:0; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td width="40px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Citaĵo"> <noscript> <img alt="Citaĵo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/40px-P_writing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 36px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/40px-P_writing.svg.png" data-alt="Citaĵo" data-width="40" data-height="36" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/60px-P_writing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/P_writing.svg/80px-P_writing.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></td> <td> <table style="padding:0; margin:0; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td><span style="color:#84a3e0; font-size:150%; line-height:75%;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;"><b>„</b></span> At the same time, then as the printing press in the physical technological sense was invented, 'the press' in the extended sense of the word also entered the historical stage. The phenomenon of publishing was now born. <span style="color:#84a3e0; font-size:150%; line-height:75%;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif"><b>”</b></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uni-leipzig.de/%257Ehsk/pgs/jahrbuch/2005/Weber_Strassburg1605.pdf">Weber, Johannes: Straßburg 1605: Die Geburt der Zeitung, en: <i>Jahrbuch für Kommunikationsgeschichte</i>, Vol. 7 (2005), S. 3–27</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410191605/http://www.uni-leipzig.de/%257Ehsk/pgs/jahrbuch/2005/Weber_Strassburg1605.pdf">Arkivita kopio</a>. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uni-leipzig.de/%257Ehsk/pgs/jahrbuch/2005/Weber_Strassburg1605.pdf">la originalo</a> je 2008-04-10. Alirita 2014-06-24 .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.wan-press.org/article6476.html">WAN — Newspapers: 400 Years Young!</a>. Wan-press.org. Alirita 2012-02-21 . </span></li> <li id="cite_note-stephens_collier's-9"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-stephens_collier's_9-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Stephens, Mitchell. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nyu.edu/classes/stephens/Collier's%2520page.htm">History of Newspapers</a>. Nyu.edu. Alirita 2012-05-21 .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111093302/http://www.wan-press.org/article2822.html">"WAN – A Newspaper Timeline".</a> Wan and-press.org. Arkivita el la originalo en la 11a de januaro 2012. Alirita la 20an de marto 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Farinelli, Giuseppe (2004). Storia del giornalismo italiano : dalle origini a oggi (in Italian). Torino: UTET libreria. p. 15. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/8877508914?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 88-7750-891-4</a>. OCLC 58604958.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://purl.pt/12094">"Biblioteca Nacional Digital – Gazeta..., Em Lisboa, 1642–1648".</a> Purl.pt. Alirita la 20an de marto 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20040107070325/http://www.wan-press.org/article2823.html">"WAN – Oldest newspapers still in circulation".</a> Wan-press.org. Arkivita el la originalo en la 7a de januaro 2004. Alirita la 20an de marto 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Stephens, Mitchell. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516064617/http://www.nyu.edu/classes/stephens/Collier%2527s%2520page.htm">"History of Newspapers".</a> Nyu.edu. Arkivita el la originalo en la 16a de majo 2008. Alirita la 20an de marto 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bl.uk/subjects/news-media">Concise History of the British Newspaper in the Eighteenth Century</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307074919/https://www.bl.uk/subjects/news-media">Arkivigite je</a> 2020-03-07 per la retarkivo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> [jam ne plu funkcianta]</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Teeter, Dwight L (July 1965). "Benjamin Towne: The Precarious Career of a Persistent Printer". Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. 89 (3): 316–330. JSTOR 20089817.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.novomilenio.inf.br/idioma/200009u.htm">Novo Milênio: MNDLP - Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro, de 1808</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Norman, Jeremy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.historyofinformation.com/detail.php?entryid%3D2665">"One of the Earliest Newspapers, Written on Silk".</a> historyofinformation.com. Jeremy Norman & Co., Inc. Alirita la 21an de januaro 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/exclusive-corrupt-system-and-media_922302.html">"Exclusive: Corrupt system and media".</a> Zee News. 4a de aprilo 2014. Alirita la 21an de marto 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Stavrianos, p. 211.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936</i>, p. 952.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Tripp (ed.), p. 2; Amin, Fortna & Frierson, p. 99; Hill, p. 172.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Ágoston_433-23"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-%C3%81goston_433_23-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Ágoston & Masters, p. 433.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Camron Michael Amin (2014). “The Press and Public Diplomacy in Iran, 1820–1940”, <i>Iranian Studies</i> <b>48</b> (2), <span style="white-space:nowrap;">p. 269–287</span>. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cifereca_objekta_identigilo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cifereca objekta identigilo">doi</a>:<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2013.871145" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1080/00210862.2013.871145">10.1080/00210862.2013.871145</a>.</cite><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Sakr, p. 40.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9055609/newspaper">Newspaper – Britannica Online Encyclopedia</a>. Britannica.com. Alirita 21a de februaro 2012 .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Philip B. Meggs, <i>A History of Graphic Design</i> (1998) pp 130–133</span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">David R. Spencer, <i>The Yellow Journalism</i> (2007) p. 22.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-bird-29"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-bird_29-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Bird, S. Elizabeth. <i>For Enquiring Minds: A Cultural Study of Supermarket Tabloids</i>. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1992: 12–17.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constantin_von_Wurzbach?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constantin von Wurzbach">Wurzbach, C.</a> (1891). <i>Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich, enthaltend die Lebensskizzen der denkwürdigen Personen, welche seit 1750 in den österreichischen Kronländern geboren wurden oder darin gelebt und gewirkt haben</i>, (162–165); Jim Chevallier, "August Zang and the French Croissant: How Viennoiserie Came to France", p. 3–30; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://diepresse.com/unternehmen/geschichte/9819/index.do">Diepresse.com</a> Artikolo en "Die Presse" pri sia foudo.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Liedtke, Michael. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/businesstechnology/2010138873_apusnewspapercirculation.html">Newspaper circulation drop accelerates April–Sept</a>", 26a de oktobro 2009. Kontrolita 26a de oktobro 2011. </span></li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">OECD Working Party on the Information Economy (11a de junio 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/30/24/45559596.pdf">The evolution of news and the internet</a>. Alirita 14a de julio 2011 ."Growth in the BIICS countries by about 35% from 2000 to 2008 very much contributed to this growth, most notably India with a 45% increase in circulation between 2000 and 2008, South Africa (34%) and China (an estimated 29%). Gains are not only occurring there but also in other countries and continents, including Africa and South America." p. 24</span></li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-33">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://epaper.jagran.com/homepage.aspx">Hindi Newspaper</a>. Dainik Jagran. Alirita 23a de januaro 2015 .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080116175549/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/holnus/001200608291820.htm">Dailies add 12.6 million readers</a>. NRS Chennai (29a de aŭgusto 2009). Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/holnus/001200608291820.htm">la originalo</a> je 16a de januaro 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012140612/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/holnus/001200608291820.htm">Arkivigite je</a> 2007-10-12 per la retarkivo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080116175549/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/holnus/001200608291820.htm">Arkivita kopio</a>. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/holnus/001200608291820.htm">la originalo</a> je 2008-01-16. Alirita 2020-03-21 .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-35">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Standage, Tom (13a de julio 2011). "The Kojo Nnamdi Show" (Intervjuo). Intervjuita de Kojo Nnamdi. Washington, D.C.: WAMU.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-36">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828204802/http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2004/newspapers-intro/audience/">Newspapers: Audience – State of the Media 2004</a>. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://stateofthemedia.org/2004/newspapers-intro/audience/">la originalo</a> je 28a de aŭgusto 2017. Alirita <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/27-a_de_januaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="27-a de januaro">27-a de januaro</a> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2014?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2014">2014</a> . </span></li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gazeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-37">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20111225060747/http://eo.lernu.net/biblioteko/proverboj/listo.php">Lernu</a>. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://eo.lernu.net/biblioteko/proverboj/listo.php">la originalo</a> je 2011-12-25. Alirita 2009-02-28 .</span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bibliografio">Bibliografio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Bibliografio" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="En_Esperanto">En Esperanto</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: En Esperanto" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stefan_Maul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stefan Maul">Stefan Maul</a>, Funkcianta kvara povo, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monato_(gazeto)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monato (gazeto)">Monato</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antverpeno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Antverpeno">Antverpeno</a>, julio 1993, nº 7, paĝo 5. Pri politika povo de gazetaro.</li> <li>Stefan Maul, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/El_verva_vivo_%C4%B5urnalista?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="El verva vivo ĵurnalista">El verva vivo ĵurnalista</a>, FEL, Antverpeno, 2005. Biografio fokusita al lia laboro kiel ĵurnalisto por gazetoj de Esperanto kaj de la ekstera medio.</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germain_Pirlot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germain Pirlot">Germain Pirlot</a>, <i>Kiel rilati kun la gazetaro?</i>, eld. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flandra_Esperanto-Ligo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flandra Esperanto-Ligo">FEL</a> (elĉerpita)</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="En_aliaj_lingvoj">En aliaj lingvoj</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: En aliaj lingvoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>Willings Press Guide (134a eld. 3 vol. 2010), kompleta gvidilo al tutmonda gazetaro. Vol 1 UK, Vol 2 Europe kaj Vol 3 Mondo. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/1906035172?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-906035-17-2</a></li> <li>Editor and Publisher International Year Book (90a eld. 2009), kompleta gvidilo al usona gazetaro</li> <li>Conley, David, kaj Stephen Lamble. The Daily Miracle: An Introduction to Journalism (3rd ed. 2006), 518pp; global viewpoint</li> <li>Harrower, Tim. The Newspaper Designer's Handbook (6a eld. 2007)</li> <li>Jones, Alex. Losing the News: The Future of the News That Feeds Democracy (2009)</li> <li>Sakr, Naomi, eld. (2004). Women and Media in the Middle East: Power through Self-Expression. I. B. Tauris. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/9781850435457?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1850435457</a>.</li> <li>Sousa, Jorge Pedro Sousa (Coord.); Maria do Carmo Castelo Branco; Mário Pinto; Sandra Tuna; Gabriel Silva; Eduardo Zilles Borba; Mônica Delicato; Carlos Duarte; Nair Silva; Patrícia Teixeira. A Gazeta "da Restauração": Primeiro Periódico Português. Uma análise do discurso VOL. II — Reproduções (2011) <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/9789896540616?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-989-654-061-6</a></li> <li>L. S. Stavrianos, The Ottoman Empire: Was It the Sick Man of Europe? (1957, 3a eld. 1966)</li> <li>Walravens, Hartmut, eld. Newspapers in Central And Eastern Europe (2004) 251pp</li> <li>Williams, Kevin. Read All About It!: A History of the British Newspaper (2009)</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Eksteraj_ligiloj">Eksteraj ligiloj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Eksteraj ligiloj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.esperanto.se/kiosken/"><i>Kiosken</i></a><span title="Kelkfoje okazas, ke ligilo en Vikipedio ne plu atingeblas. Se eble, trovu la korektan ligilon kaj enmeti ĝin ĉi tie, alikaze forigu la ligilon kaj, se tio temas pri noto, enmetu la ŝablonon {{citon}}." style="background:#ffeaea; color:#444444"></span><sup class="noprint" title="Kelkfoje okazas, ke ligilo en Vikipedio ne plu atingeblas. Se eble, trovu la korektan ligilon kaj enmeti ĝin ĉi tie, alikaze forigu la ligilon kaj, se tio temas pri noto, enmetu la ŝablonon {{citon}}." style="color:red;">[<i>rompita ligilo</i>]</sup>: Listo de ligiloj al gazetoj el la tuta mondo.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.newspaperindex.com"><i>Newspaperindex</i> (tutmonda ligilaro)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.metro.lu"><i>Metro</i> (internacia senpaga gazeto)</a> , distribuata interalie en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metroo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metroo">metrooj</a>.</li> </ul> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"> <li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Newspapers?uselang%3Deo">Gazeto en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span></li> <li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Newspapers?uselang%3Deo">Kategorio Gazeto en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span></li> <li class="quote"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikiquote.org/wiki/Gazeto" class="extiw" title="q:Gazeto">Gazeto en la <span>Vikicitaro</span></a> (Kolekto de citaĵoj)</li> <li class="source"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikisource.org/wiki/Kategorio:Gazetoj" class="extiw" title="s:Kategorio:Gazetoj">Gazeto en <span>Vikifontaro</span></a> (Universala biblioteko)</li> <li class="news"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikinews.org/wiki/Kategorio:Gazetoj" class="extiw" title="n:Kategorio:Gazetoj">Gazeto en <span>Vikinovaĵoj</span></a> (Liberaj novaĵoj)</li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Gazetaraj_arkivoj">Gazetaraj arkivoj</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Gazetaraj arkivoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.newspapercat.org/">Newspapercat – University of Florida Historical Digital Newspaper Catalog Collection</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109215412/http://www.newspapercat.org/">Arkivigite je</a> 2020-11-09 per la retarkivo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.newspaperarchive.com/">Historical newspaper database, from NewspaperARCHIVE.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/">Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers</a> el National Digital Newspaper Program.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://digitalcollections.library.ubc.ca/cdm/landingpage/collection/tairikunipp">Tairiku Nippō</a> – Japan-kanada gazeto publikigita inter 1907 kaj 1941, kaj nune ciferigita de UBC Library Digital Collections</li> <li><span class="plainlinks"><i>En tiu ĉi artikolo estas uzita traduko de teksto el la artikolo <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DNewspaper%26oldid%3D946511763">Newspaper</a> en la angla Vikipedio. </i></span></li> </ul> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:100; right:20px; top:-40px; background-color:transparent" class="metadata" id="featured-star"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipedio:Listo_de_havendaj_artikoloj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiu ĉi artikolo apartenas al la aro de la mil plej gravaj artikoloj"> <noscript> <img alt="Tiu ĉi artikolo apartenas al la aro de la mil plej gravaj artikoloj" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/1000HA.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="36"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 36px;height: 36px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/1000HA.png" data-alt="Tiu ĉi artikolo apartenas al la aro de la mil plej gravaj artikoloj" data-width="36" data-height="36" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding: 0px; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Norma_datumaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Norma datumaro">Bibliotekoj</a></td> <td class="plainlinks hlist" style="font-size: 80%;"> <ul> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Helpo:Bibliotekoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Helpo:Bibliotekoj">PeEnEo</a>: <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/?curid%3D23363">23363</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komuna_Norma_Datumaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Komuna Norma Datumaro">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://d-nb.info/gnd/4067510-5">4067510-5</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kontrolnumero_de_la_Kongresa_Biblioteko_de_Usono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kontrolnumero de la Kongresa Biblioteko de Usono">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/sh99001641">sh99001641</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Francio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Francio">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119406699">119406699</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Dieto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Dieto">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00571004">00571004</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_la_%C4%88e%C4%A5a_Respubliko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nacia Biblioteko de la Ĉeĥa Respubliko">NKC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://aut.nkp.cz/ph115463">ph115463</a></span></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Elŝutita el "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DGazeto%26oldid%3D8899959">https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&oldid=8899959</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gazeto&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="LiMrBot" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1729882887"> <span>Laste redaktita je 25 okt. 2024, 19:01</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Lingvoj</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koerant" title="Koerant — afrikansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koerant" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeitung" title="Zeitung — svisgermana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Zeitung" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="svisgermana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prensa_escrita" title="Prensa escrita — aragona" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Prensa escrita" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C4%2593aweswyrt" title="Nēaweswyrt — Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Nēaweswyrt" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2585%25E0%25A4%2596%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="अखबार — angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अखबार" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B5%25D8%25AD%25D9%258A%25D9%2581%25D8%25A9" title="صحيفة — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صحيفة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%25A3%25DC%25A6%25DC%25AA%25DC%2599%25DC%2592%25DC%25A2%25DC%2590" title="ܣܦܪܙܒܢܐ — Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܦܪܙܒܢܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="جورنان — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جورنان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri%25C3%25B3dicu" title="Periódicu — asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Periódicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%25C9%2599zet" title="Qəzet — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qəzet" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A6%25D8%25AA%25D9%2587" title="قزئته — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قزئته" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="leginda artikolo"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D3%2599%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582" title="Гәзит — baŝkira" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гәзит" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baŝkira" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeidung" title="Zeidung — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Zeidung" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazieta" title="Gazieta — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gazieta" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0" title="Газета — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Газета" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D1%258D%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0" title="Газэта — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Газэта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Вестник — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вестник" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2585%25E0%25A4%2596%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="अखबार — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अखबार" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%2582%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0" title="সংবাদপত্র — bengala" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সংবাদপত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%259A%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2594%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BC%258D" title="ཚགས་པར། — tibeta" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཚགས་པར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibeta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazetenn" title="Kazetenn — bretona" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kazetenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novine" title="Novine — bosna" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Novine" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD" title="Һонин — Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Һонин" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diari" title="Diari — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Diari" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25B3%25CC%25A4-c%25C4%2581i" title="Bó̤-cāi — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bó̤-cāi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582" title="Газет — ĉeĉena" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Газет" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ĉeĉena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantalaan-balita" title="Mantalaan-balita — cebua" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mantalaan-balita" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2595%25DB%2586%25DA%2598%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25DB%2595" title="ڕۆژنامە — sorana" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆژنامە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeta" title="Gazeta — Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Gazeta" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noviny" title="Noviny — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Noviny" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B0%25C3%25A7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Хаçат — ĉuvaŝa" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хаçат" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ĉuvaŝa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papur_newydd" title="Papur newydd — kimra" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Papur newydd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kimra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avis" title="Avis — dana" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Avis" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeitung" title="Zeitung — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zeitung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qezeta" title="Qezeta — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Qezeta" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2595%25CF%2586%25CE%25B7%25CE%25BC%25CE%25B5%25CF%2581%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B4%25CE%25B1" title="Εφημερίδα — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εφημερίδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newspaper" title="Newspaper — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Newspaper" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri%25C3%25B3dico" title="Periódico — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Periódico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajaleht" title="Ajaleht — estona" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ajaleht" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egunkari" title="Egunkari — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Egunkari" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D8%25B2%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D9%2587" title="روزنامه — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روزنامه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanomalehti" title="Sanomalehti — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sanomalehti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%25C3%25B3jlawema" title="Xójlawema — fonua" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Xójlawema" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="fonua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal" title="Journal — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Journal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleer" title="Bleer — nord-frisa" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bleer" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nord-frisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krante" title="Krante — okcident-frisa" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Krante" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="okcident-frisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuacht%25C3%25A1n" title="Nuachtán — irlanda" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nuachtán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%25A0%25B1" title="報 — Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="報" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%25C3%25A0ipear-naidheachd" title="Pàipear-naidheachd — skot-gaela" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Pàipear-naidheachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skot-gaela" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri%25C3%25B3dico" title="Periódico — galega" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Periódico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pabyr-naight" title="Pabyr-naight — manksa" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Pabyr-naight" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarida" title="Jarida — haŭsa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Jarida" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haŭsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A2%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA%25D7%2595%25D7%259F" title="עיתון — hebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עיתון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="समाचारपत्र — hinda" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समाचारपत्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhbaar" title="Akhbaar — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Akhbaar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novine" title="Novine — kroata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Novine" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%259Ajs%25C3%25A1g" title="Újság — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Újság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B9%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25A9" title="Թերթ — armena" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թերթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koran" title="Koran — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Koran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagbla%25C3%25B0" title="Dagblað — islanda" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Dagblað" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giornale" title="Giornale — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giornale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2596%25B0%25E8%2581%259E" title="新聞 — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="新聞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyuuzpiepa" title="Nyuuzpiepa — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Nyuuzpiepa" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layang_kabar" title="Layang kabar — java" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Layang kabar" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="java" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2592%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598" title="გაზეთი — kartvela" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გაზეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="kartvela" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeta" title="Gazeta — Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gazeta" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatheti" title="Gatheti — kikuja" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Gatheti" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582" title="Газет — kazaĥa" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Газет" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%2580%25E1%259E%25B6%25E1%259E%259F%25E1%259F%2582%25E1%259E%258F" title="កាសែត — kmera" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កាសែត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kmera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25B5%25E0%25B3%2583%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B3%2586" title="ವೃತ್ತಪತ್ರಿಕೆ — kanara" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವೃತ್ತಪತ್ರಿಕೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%258B%25A0%25EB%25AC%25B8" title="신문 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="신문" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582" title="Газет — karaĉaj-balkara" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Газет" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karaĉaj-balkara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="اخبار — kaŝmira" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اخبار" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kaŝmira" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojname" title="Rojname — kurda" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Rojname" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_nowodhow" title="Paper nowodhow — kornvala" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Paper nowodhow" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornvala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582" title="Гезит — kirgiza" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гезит" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarium" title="Diarium — latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Diarium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeitung" title="Zeitung — luksemburga" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Zeitung" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gez%25C3%25A8t" title="Gezèt — limburga" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gezèt" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giornal" title="Giornal — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Giornal" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulun%25C3%25A1" title="Zuluná — lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Zuluná" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BB%259C%25E0%25BA%25B1%25E0%25BA%2587%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%25B7%25E0%25BA%259E%25E0%25BA%25B4%25E0%25BA%25A1" title="ໜັງສືພິມ — laŭa" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໜັງສືພິມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laŭa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laikra%25C5%25A1tis" title="Laikraštis — litova" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Laikraštis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laikraksts" title="Laikraksts — latva" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Laikraksts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koran" title="Koran — madura" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Koran" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madura" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazety" title="Gazety — malagasa" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Gazety" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surek_kaba" title="Surek kaba — minankabaŭa" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Surek kaba" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minankabaŭa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Весник — makedona" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Весник" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25A6%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%25A8%25E0%25B4%25AA%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B4%2582" title="ദിനപത്രം — malajalama" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദിനപത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD" title="Сонин — mongola" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сонин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%2583%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="वृत्तपत्र — marata" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वृत्तपत्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhbar" title="Akhbar — malaja" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Akhbar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jornal" title="Jornal — miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Jornal" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%25AC" title="သတင်းစာ — birma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သတင်းစာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D8%25B2%25D9%2586%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D9%2587" title="روزنومه — mazandarana" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="روزنومه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blatt_(Narichten)" title="Blatt (Narichten) — platgermana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Blatt (Narichten)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="platgermana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krante" title="Krante — Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Krante" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="समाचारपत्र — nepala" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="समाचारपत्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2596%25E0%25A4%2581%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%258C" title="बुखँपौ — nevara" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बुखँपौ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krant" title="Krant — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Krant" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avis" title="Avis — novnorvega" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Avis" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novnorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avis" title="Avis — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Avis" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%25C3%25A2zette" title="Gâzette — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Gâzette" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premsa" title="Premsa — okcitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Premsa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaziettu" title="Gaziettu — Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Gaziettu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582" title="Газет — oseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Газет" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="oseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2585%25E0%25A8%2596%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25AC%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B0" title="ਅਖ਼ਬਾਰ — panĝaba" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਖ਼ਬਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panĝaba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyaryo" title="Dyaryo — pangasina" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Dyaryo" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korant" title="Korant — Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Korant" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeiding" title="Zeiding — Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Zeiding" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeta" title="Gazeta — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gazeta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="اخبار — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اخبار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DA%2581%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25DA%25BC%25D9%2587" title="ورځپاڼه — paŝtua" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ورځپاڼه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paŝtua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jornal" title="Jornal — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jornal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit%2527awa" title="Mit'awa — keĉua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Mit'awa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="keĉua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziar" title="Ziar — rumana" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ziar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazet%25C3%25A2" title="Gazetâ — arumana" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Gazetâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0" title="Газета — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Газета" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B_(%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D1%2596%25D1%2580%25D1%2591%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B)" title="Новины (папірёвы) — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Новины (папірёвы)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D" title="वार्त्तापत्रम् — sanskrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="वार्त्तापत्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B0h%25D1%258B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Хаhыат — jakuta" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хаhыат" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakuta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25B5%25E1%25B1%25AE%25E1%25B1%25A3%25E1%25B1%25A8%25E1%25B1%259F_%25E1%25B1%25A5%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25A0%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25A2" title="ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ — santala" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newspaper" title="Newspaper — skota" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Newspaper" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skota" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="اخبار — sinda" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اخبار" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviisa" title="Aviisa — nord-samea" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Aviisa" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nord-samea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novine" title="Novine — serbo-Kroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Novine" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-Kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25B4%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B6%25AD%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25B4%25E0%25B6%25AD%25E0%25B7%258A" title="පුවත්පත් — sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පුවත්පත්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newspaper" title="Newspaper — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Newspaper" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noviny" title="Noviny — slovaka" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Noviny" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Casopis" title="Časopis — slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Časopis" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepanhau" title="Pepanhau — ŝona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Pepanhau" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="ŝona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeta" title="Gazeta — albana" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gazeta" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5" title="Новине — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Новине" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koran" title="Koran — sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Koran" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidning" title="Tidning — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tidning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeti" title="Gazeti — svahila" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Gazeti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cajt%25C5%25AFng" title="Cajtůng — silezi-pola" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Cajtůng" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silezi-pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25A8%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25B3%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AE%25B4%25E0%25AF%258D" title="நாளிதழ் — tamila" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நாளிதழ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%2595" title="వార్తాపత్రిక — telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వార్తాపత్రిక" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A0%25D3%25AF%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Рӯзнома — taĝika" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Рӯзнома" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="taĝika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B7%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%259E%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%259E%25E0%25B9%258C" title="หนังสือพิมพ์ — taja" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หนังสือพิมพ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazet" title="Gazet — turkmena" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gazet" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahayagan" title="Pahayagan — tagaloga" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pahayagan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazete" title="Gazete — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gazete" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0" title="Газета — tatara" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Газета" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD" title="Солун — tuva" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Солун" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0" title="Газета — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Газета" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="اخبار — urduo" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اخبار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urduo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazeta" title="Gazeta — uzbeka" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gazeta" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testada_giorna%25C5%2582istica" title="Testada giornałistica — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Testada giornałistica" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25A1o_vi%25E1%25BA%25BFt" title="Báo viết — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Báo viết" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazette" title="Gazette — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Gazette" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazete" title="Gazete — valona" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Gazete" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peryodiko" title="Peryodiko — varaja" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Peryodiko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258A%25A5%25E7%25BA%25B8" title="报纸 — vua" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="报纸" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582" title="Газет — kalmuka" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Газет" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2592%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598" title="გაზეთი — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გაზეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A6%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%2598%25D7%2595%25D7%25A0%25D7%2592" title="צייטונג — jida" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="צייטונג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jida" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%258Cw%25C3%25A9%25C3%25ACr%25C3%25B2y%25C3%25ACn" title="Ìwéìròyìn — joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìwéìròyìn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauqceij" title="Bauqceij — ĝuanga" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bauqceij" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="ĝuanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%25A0%25B1%25E7%25B4%2599" title="報紙 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="報紙" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin-b%25C3%25BBn-ch%25C3%25B3a" title="Sin-bûn-chóa — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sin-bûn-chóa" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%25A0%25B1%25E7%25B4%2599" title="報紙 — kantona" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="報紙" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iphephandaba" title="Iphephandaba — zulua" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Iphephandaba" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-eo.svg" alt="Vikipedio" width="110" height="18" style="width: 6.875em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Ĉi tiu paĝo estis lastafoje redaktita je 19:01, 25 okt. 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">La enhavo estas disponebla laŭ <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.eo">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, se ne estas alia indiko.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Regularo pri respekto de la privateco</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipedio:Enkonduko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Pri Vikipedio</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipedio:Malgarantio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Malgarantioj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://developer.wikimedia.org">Programistoj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stats.wikimedia.org/%23/eo.wikipedia.org">Statistikoj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Deklaro pri kuketoj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Uzkondiĉoj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DGazeto%26mobileaction%3Dtoggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Labortablo</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-rjvll","wgBackendResponseTime":345,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.255","walltime":"0.405","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3629,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":26678,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":11317,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":32433,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 264.944 1 -total"," 30.49% 80.776 1 Ŝablono:Referencoj"," 29.51% 78.186 1 Ŝablono:Projektoj"," 8.87% 23.497 1 Ŝablono:Bibliotekoj"," 7.90% 20.942 2 Ŝablono:Citaĵo_el_gazeto"," 6.81% 18.032 13 Ŝablono:Citaĵo_el_la_reto"," 6.20% 16.416 3 Ŝablono:Webarchiv"," 5.64% 14.951 3 Ŝablono:Ĉefartikolo"," 4.50% 11.935 5 Ŝablono:Cite_web"," 4.39% 11.630 1 Ŝablono:Tradukita"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.016","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1342005,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-8cb5f4d85-xjkxv","timestamp":"20241126172451","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Gazeto","url":"https:\/\/eo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gazeto","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11032","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11032","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-08-17T21:54:05Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/75\/NYTimes-Page1-11-11-1918.jpg"}</script> <script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('eo', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>