CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Columbite — Wikipédia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )frwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janvier","février","mars","avril","mai","juin","juillet","août","septembre","octobre","novembre","décembre"],"wgRequestId":"8786ede9-a525-4c9d-bc41-14cdc9ab8c0c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Columbite","wgTitle":"Columbite","wgCurRevisionId":220427159,"wgRevisionId":220427159,"wgArticleId":4546200,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Article utilisant une Infobox","Portail:Minéraux et roches/Articles liés","Portail:Sciences/Articles liés","Portail:Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers/Articles liés","Portail:Géologie/Articles liés","Portail:Chimie/Articles liés","Fer (minéral)","Niobium (minéral)","Manganèse (minéral)","Tantale (minéral)","Oxyde (minéral)","Minéral orthorhombique"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext", "wgRelevantPageName":"Columbite","wgRelevantArticleId":4546200,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"fr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"fr"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":4000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q899841","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ArchiveLinks","ext.gadget.Wdsearch","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init", "ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Columbite.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="739"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Columbite.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="493"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Columbite.jpg/640px-Columbite.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="394"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Columbite — Wikipédia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbite"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifier" href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (fr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbite"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Flux Atom de Wikipédia" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Columbite rootpage-Columbite skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aller au contenu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" title="Accueil général [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Accueil</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Accueil"><span>Portails thématiques</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Page_au_hasard" title="Affiche un article au hasard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article au hasard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuer" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:D%C3%A9buter"><span>Débuter sur Wikipédia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Accueil" title="Accès à l’aide"><span>Aide</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_de_la_communaut%C3%A9" title="À propos du projet, ce que vous pouvez faire, où trouver les informations"><span>Communauté</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes" title="Liste des modifications récentes sur le wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Modifications récentes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'encyclopédie libre" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-fr.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Recherche" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" aria-label="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rechercher</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Outils personnels"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apparence" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apparence</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr" class=""><span>Faire un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Columbite" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire." class=""><span>Créer un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Columbite" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connecter</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Plus d’options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils personnels" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils personnels</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utilisateur" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr"><span>Faire un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Columbite" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Créer un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Columbite" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connecter</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages pour les contributeurs déconnectés <a href="/wiki/Aide:Premiers_pas" aria-label="En savoir plus sur la contribution"><span>en savoir plus</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_contributions" title="Une liste des modifications effectuées depuis cette adresse IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_discussions" title="La page de discussion pour les contributions depuis cette adresse IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Découverte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Découverte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Découverte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Découverte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Associations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taille" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taille"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Taille</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taille-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Notes et références</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Columbite</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 29 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolumbiet" title="Kolumbiet – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kolumbiet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="كولومبيت – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كولومبيت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_de_la_columbita" title="Grup de la columbita – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grup de la columbita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbit" title="Columbit – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Columbit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Κολουμπίτης – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κολουμπίτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbite" title="Columbite – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Columbite" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbita" title="Columbita – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Columbita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="کلومبیت – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلومبیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbite" title="Columbite – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Columbite" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98" title="קולומביט – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קולומביט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kolumbit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbite" title="Columbite – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Columbite" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E7%9F%B3" title="コルンブ石 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コルンブ石" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Колумбит – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Колумбит" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BB%AC%EB%9F%BC%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="컬럼바이트 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="컬럼바이트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Колумбит – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Колумбит" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolumbitas" title="Kolumbitas – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kolumbitas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbiet" title="Columbiet – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Columbiet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbitt" title="Columbitt – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Columbitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbita" title="Columbita – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Columbita" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kolumbit" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbita" title="Columbita – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Columbita" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Колумбит – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Колумбит" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kolumbit" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbit" title="Columbit – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Columbit" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%82" title="Колумбіт – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Колумбіт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kolumbit" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbit" title="Columbit – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Columbit" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%8C%E9%93%81%E7%9F%BF" title="铌铁矿 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铌铁矿" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q899841#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Columbite" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Columbite" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Columbite"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Columbite"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Columbite" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Columbite" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&oldid=220427159" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Columbite&id=220427159&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FColumbite"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FColumbite"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Columbite"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Columbite&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Columbite" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q899841" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete defaut" style="background-color:#ffc4ab;color:black;">Ferrocolumbite<br /><small>Catégorie <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr> : oxydes et hydroxydes<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>a<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Columbite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Image illustrative de l’article Columbite" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Columbite.jpg/280px-Columbite.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Columbite.jpg/420px-Columbite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Columbite.jpg/560px-Columbite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="431" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#ffc4ab; color:#000000">Général</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Classification_de_Strunz" title="Classification de Strunz">Classe de Strunz</a> </th> <td><div class="NavFrame" title="[+]/[–]" style="border:none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="background-color:transparent; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000); font-weight:normal;"><big>4.DB.35</big></div> <div class="NavContent" style="display:none; text-align:left;"> <p><b>4</b> OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)<br />  <b>4.D</b> Metal:Oxygen = 1:2 and similar<br />   <b>4.DB</b> With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra<br />    <b>4.DB.35</b> Tantalite-(Mg) (Mg,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6<br />Space Group P bcn<br />Point Group 2/m 2/m 2/m<br />    <b>4.DB.35</b> Columbite-(Mg) (Mg,Fe++,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6<br />Space Group Pcan<br />Point Group 2/m 2/m 2/m<br />    <b>4.DB.35</b> Tantalite-(Fe) Fe++Ta2O6<br />Space Group Pcan<br />Point Group 2/m 2/m 2/m<br />    <b>4.DB.35</b> Columbite-(Fe) Fe++Nb2O6<br />Space Group Pcan<br />Point Group 2/m 2/m 2/m<br />    <b>4.DB.35</b> Columbite-(Mn) (Mn,Fe++)(Nb,Ta)2O6<br />Space Group Pcan<br />Point Group 2/m 2/m 2/m<br />    <b>4.DB.35</b> Qitianlingite Fe++2Nb2W++++++O10<br />Space Group P bcn<br />Point Group 2/m 2/m 2/m<br />    <b>4.DB.35</b> Tantalite-(Mn) MnTa2O6<br />Space Group Pcan<br />Point Group 2/m 2/m 2/m<br /> </p> </div></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Classification_de_Dana" title="Classification de Dana">Classe de Dana</a> </th> <td><div class="NavFrame" title="[+]/[–]" style="border:none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="background-color:transparent; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000); font-weight:normal;"><big>8.3.2.2</big></div> <div class="NavContent" style="display:none; text-align:left;"> <p>Oxydes<br /> 8. Oxydes multiples (avec Nb, Ta, et Ti)<br /> 8.3.2/ Groupe de la colombite<br /> 8.3.2.2 <b>Ferrocolombite</b> (Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub><br /> </p> </div></div> </td> </tr> <tr class="mw-empty-elt"> </tr><tr><th>Formule chimique</th> <td><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Fer" title="Fer">Fe</a><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a><sub>2</sub><a href="/wiki/Oxyg%C3%A8ne" title="Oxygène">O</a><sub>6</sub> </span>(Fe,Mn)Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>, ou aussi (Fe,Mn)O·Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#ffc4ab; color:#000000">Identification</th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Masse_mol%C3%A9culaire" title="Masse moléculaire">Masse formulaire</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>337,654 ± 0,004 <a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A9_de_masse_atomique_unifi%C3%A9e" title="Unité de masse atomique unifiée">uma</a><br /><small>Fe 16,54 %,  Nb 55,03 %,  O 28,43 %,  </small><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Couleur </th> <td>Noir à noir brunâtre </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_cristallin" title="Système cristallin">Système cristallin</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_cristallin_orthorhombique" title="Système cristallin orthorhombique">Orthorhombique</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Classe_cristalline" title="Classe cristalline">Classe cristalline</a> et <a href="/wiki/Groupe_d%27espace" title="Groupe d'espace">groupe d'espace</a> </th> <td>(2/m 2/m 2/m),<br />Groupe spatial = Pcan </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Clivage" title="Clivage">Clivage</a> </th> <td>[010] Distinct </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cassure" title="Cassure">Cassure</a> </th> <td>Sub Conchoïdal </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Habitus_(min%C3%A9ralogie)" title="Habitus (minéralogie)">Habitus</a> </th> <td>Massif ou granulaire, généralement la texture observée dans le granit ou d'autres roches magmatiques est strié avec des lignes parallèles sur la surface du cristal ainsi que sur ses faces de clivage </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89chelle_de_Mohs" title="Échelle de Mohs">Échelle de Mohs</a> </th> <td>6 </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Trait_(min%C3%A9ralogie)" title="Trait (minéralogie)">Trait</a> </th> <td>brun foncé </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#ffc4ab; color:#000000">Propriétés optiques</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Indice_de_r%C3%A9fraction" title="Indice de réfraction">Indice de réfraction</a> </th> <td>b=2.29-2.4 </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bir%C3%A9fringence" title="Biréfringence">Biréfringence</a> </th> <td>Biaxe (+) </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#ffc4ab; color:#000000">Propriétés chimiques</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A9" title="Densité">Densité</a> </th> <td>5.3 - 7.3, moyenne = 6.3 </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#ffc4ab; color:#000000">Propriétés physiques</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Magn%C3%A9tisme" title="Magnétisme">Magnétisme</a> </th> <td>aucun </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Radioactivit%C3%A9" title="Radioactivité">Radioactivité</a> </th> <td>aucune </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr style="height:2px; background-color:#ffc4ab;" /></td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Unités du <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_international_d%27unit%C3%A9s" title="Système international d'unités">SI</a> & <a href="/wiki/Conditions_normales_de_temp%C3%A9rature_et_de_pression" title="Conditions normales de température et de pression">CNTP</a>, sauf indication contraire.</td> </tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #ffc4ab solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Min%C3%A9ral" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>La <b>columbite</b> ou <b>niobite</b>, <b>niobite-tantalite</b> ou encore <b>columbate</b> a pour formule chimique (Fe,Mn)Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub> ou (Fe,Mn)O·Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub> en notation oxyde. Elle regroupe deux minéraux distincts de même type, une forme <a href="/wiki/Fer" title="Fer">fer</a> (ferro-colombite) et une forme <a href="/wiki/Mangan%C3%A8se" title="Manganèse">manganèse</a> (mangano-colombite). Ce minéral noirâtre contient du <a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">niobium</a> en association avec du <a href="/wiki/Tantale_(chimie)" title="Tantale (chimie)">tantale</a>. Parfois aussi mentionnée simplement sous l'appellation <a href="/wiki/Coltan" title="Coltan">coltan</a>, un terme usuel résultant de la juxtaposition et de la condensation des noms des minéraux supposés purs colombite et tantalite, les deux pôles extrêmes de la série allant du niobium (anciennement colombium en anglais américain) au tantale. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Découverte"><span id="D.C3.A9couverte"></span>Découverte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Découverte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Découverte"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Découverte pour la première fois à <a href="/wiki/Haddam_(Connecticut)" title="Haddam (Connecticut)">Haddam</a>, dans le <a href="/wiki/Comt%C3%A9_de_Middlesex_(Connecticut)" title="Comté de Middlesex (Connecticut)">Comté de Middlesex (Connecticut)</a>, au nord-est des <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a>. Les premiers specimens connus de ce minéral proviennent de la collection de <a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop_(fils)" title="John Winthrop (fils)">John Winthrop</a> (1606–1676) premier gouverneur de la <a href="/wiki/Colonie_du_Connecticut" title="Colonie du Connecticut">colonie du Connecticut</a> et collectionneur passionné de minéraux. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Associations">Associations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Associations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Associations"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manganocolumbite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manganocolumbite (page inexistante)">manganocolumbite</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangano-tantalite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mangano-tantalite (page inexistante)">mangano-tantalite</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalite-(Mn)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalite-(Mn) (page inexistante)">tantalite-(Mn)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yttrocolumbite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yttrocolumbite (page inexistante)">yttrocolumbite</a> (radioactif)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coltan" title="Coltan">coltan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tapiolite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tapiolite (page inexistante)">tapiolite</a> (composition chimique identique mais cristallisation différente)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalite" title="Tantalite">tantalite</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taille">Taille</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Taille" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Taille"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le plus grand cristal jamais découvert était une plaque faisant 6 <abbr class="abbr" title="millimètre">mm</abbr> d'épaisseur et 61 × 76 cm<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small lower-alpha" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">La <a href="/wiki/Classification_des_min%C3%A9raux" title="Classification des minéraux">classification des minéraux</a> choisie est <a href="/wiki/Classification_de_Strunz" title="Classification de Strunz">celle de Strunz</a>, à l'exception des polymorphes de la silice, qui sont classés parmi les silicates.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Masse molaire calculée d’après <span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/AtWt/AtWt07.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Atomic weights of the elements 2007</span></cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">www.chem.qmul.ac.uk</span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">P. Cerny et al. "The tantalite-tapiolite gap: natural assemblages versus experimental data" Canadian Mineralogist 30 (1992) 587 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/cm/vol30/CM30_587.pdf">free download</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/cm/vol30/CM30_587.pdf">free download</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Rickwood1981"><span class="ouvrage" id="P._C._Rickwood1981"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> P. C. Rickwood, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">The largest crystals</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">American Mineralogist</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 66,‎ <time>1981</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">885–907</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minsocam.org/ammin/AM66/AM66_885.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+largest+crystals&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.aulast=Rickwood&rft.aufirst=P.+C.&rft.date=1981&rft.volume=66&rft.pages=885%E2%80%93907&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minsocam.org%2Fammin%2FAM66%2FAM66_885.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AColumbite"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mindat.org/min-1514.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Columbite</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="/wiki/Mindat.org" title="Mindat.org">Mindat.org</a></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-11-25" data-sort-value="2020-11-25">25 novembre 2020</time>)</small></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Min%C3%A9raux_du_mangan%C3%A8se" title="Modèle:Palette Minéraux du manganèse"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Min%C3%A9raux_du_mangan%C3%A8se&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Min%C3%A9ral" title="Minéral">Minéraux</a> du <a href="/wiki/Mangan%C3%A8se" title="Manganèse">manganèse</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Borate" title="Borate">Borates</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sussexite" title="Sussexite">Sussexite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tusionite" title="Tusionite">Tusionite</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">Carbonate</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ank%C3%A9rite" title="Ankérite">Ankérite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutnohorite" title="Kutnohorite">Kutnohorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodochrosite" title="Rhodochrosite">Rhodochrosite</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Oxyde" title="Oxyde">Oxydes</a> simples</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hausmannite" title="Hausmannite">Hausmannite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manganite" title="Manganite">Manganite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manganosite" title="Manganosite">Manganosite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nsutite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nsutite (page inexistante)">Nsutite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrolusite" title="Pyrolusite">Pyrolusite</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Oxydes mélangés</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birnessite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birnessite (page inexistante)">Birnessite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bixbyite" title="Bixbyite">Bixbyite</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ferrocolumbite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalite" title="Tantalite">Ferrotantalite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxite" title="Galaxite">Galaxite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobsite" title="Jacobsite">Jacobsite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalite" title="Tantalite">Manganotantalite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psilom%C3%A9lane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psilomélane (page inexistante)">Psilomélane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman%C3%A8chite" title="Romanèchite">Romanèchite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalite" title="Tantalite">Tantalite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Todorokite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Todorokite (page inexistante)">Todorokite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre_d%27ombre" title="Terre d'ombre">Terre d'ombre</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Roche_phosphat%C3%A9e" title="Roche phosphatée">Phosphates</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Childr%C3%A9nite" title="Childrénite">Childrénite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Graftonite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graftonite (page inexistante)">Graftonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithiophilite" title="Lithiophilite">Lithiophilite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natrophilite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natrophilite (page inexistante)">Natrophilite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Purpurite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Purpurite (page inexistante)">Purpurite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triplite" title="Triplite">Triplite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triploidite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triploidite (page inexistante)">Triploidite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zanazziite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zanazziite (page inexistante)">Zanazziite</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Silicate" title="Silicate">Silicates</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babingtonite" title="Babingtonite">Babingtonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ryl_rouge" title="Béryl rouge">Bixbite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braunite" title="Braunite">Braunite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownleeite" title="Brownleeite">Brownleeite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cald%C3%A9rite" title="Caldérite">Caldérite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorito%C3%AFde" title="Chloritoïde">Chloritoïde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudialyte" title="Eudialyte">Eudialyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucochro%C3%AFte" title="Glaucochroïte">Glaucochroïte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeffersonite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeffersonite (page inexistante)">Jeffersonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayalite" title="Fayalite">Knebelite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottr%C3%A9lite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottrélite (page inexistante)">Ottrélite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A9montite" title="Piémontite">Piémontite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyroxferro%C3%AFte" title="Pyroxferroïte">Pyroxferroïte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodonite" title="Rhodonite">Rhodonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spessartine" title="Spessartine">Spessartine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugilite" title="Sugilite">Sugilite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9phro%C3%AFte" title="Téphroïte">Téphroïte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakharovite" title="Zakharovite">Zakharovite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zircophyllite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zircophyllite (page inexistante)">Zircophyllite</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Sulfure_(min%C3%A9ral)" title="Sulfure (minéral)">Sulfures</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabandite" title="Alabandite">Alabandite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hau%C3%A9rite" title="Hauérite">Hauérite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rambergite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rambergite (page inexistante)">Rambergite</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Autres</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axinite" title="Axinite">Axinite</a> (borosilicate)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geig%C3%A9rite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geigérite (page inexistante)">Geigérite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ars%C3%A9niate" title="Arséniate">arséniate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nodule_polym%C3%A9tallique" title="Nodule polymétallique">Nodule polymétallique</a> (variable)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samsonite_(mineral)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samsonite (mineral) (page inexistante)">Samsonite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sulfosel" title="Sulfosel">Sulfosel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zincobotryogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zincobotryogen (page inexistante)">Zincobotryogen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sulfate" title="Sulfate">sulfate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolframite" title="Wolframite">Wolframite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tungstate" title="Tungstate">tungstate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCbn%C3%A9rite" title="Hübnérite">Hübnérite</a> (tungstate)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Min%C3%A9raux_et_roches" title="Portail des minéraux et roches"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Emerald_rough_300x422.jpg/17px-Emerald_rough_300x422.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Emerald_rough_300x422.jpg/25px-Emerald_rough_300x422.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Emerald_rough_300x422.jpg/34px-Emerald_rough_300x422.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="422" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Min%C3%A9raux_et_roches" title="Portail:Minéraux et roches">Portail des minéraux et roches</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Chimie" title="Portail de la chimie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/36px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/48px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Chimie" title="Portail:Chimie">Portail de la chimie</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Columbite&oldid=220427159">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Columbite&oldid=220427159</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégories</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Fer_(min%C3%A9ral)" title="Catégorie:Fer (minéral)">Fer (minéral)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Niobium_(min%C3%A9ral)" title="Catégorie:Niobium (minéral)">Niobium (minéral)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mangan%C3%A8se_(min%C3%A9ral)" title="Catégorie:Manganèse (minéral)">Manganèse (minéral)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Tantale_(min%C3%A9ral)" title="Catégorie:Tantale (minéral)">Tantale (minéral)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Oxyde_(min%C3%A9ral)" title="Catégorie:Oxyde (minéral)">Oxyde (minéral)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Min%C3%A9ral_orthorhombique" title="Catégorie:Minéral orthorhombique">Minéral orthorhombique</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catégories cachées : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_utilisant_une_Infobox" title="Catégorie:Article utilisant une Infobox">Article utilisant une Infobox</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Min%C3%A9raux_et_roches/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Minéraux et roches/Articles liés">Portail:Minéraux et roches/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Sciences/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Sciences/Articles liés">Portail:Sciences/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Sciences_de_la_Terre_et_de_l%27Univers/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers/Articles liés">Portail:Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:G%C3%A9ologie/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Géologie/Articles liés">Portail:Géologie/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Chimie/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Chimie/Articles liés">Portail:Chimie/Articles liés</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 19 novembre 2024 à 14:38.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citation_et_r%C3%A9utilisation_du_contenu_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Wikipédia:Citation et réutilisation du contenu de Wikipédia">Droit d'auteur</a> : les textes sont disponibles sous <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions</a> ; d’autres conditions peuvent s’appliquer. Voyez les <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/fr">conditions d’utilisation</a> pour plus de détails, ainsi que les <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cr%C3%A9dits_graphiques" title="Wikipédia:Crédits graphiques">crédits graphiques</a>. En cas de réutilisation des textes de cette page, voyez <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer/Columbite" title="Spécial:Citer/Columbite">comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence</a>.<br /> Wikipedia® est une marque déposée de la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, organisation de bienfaisance régie par le paragraphe <a href="/wiki/501c" title="501c">501(c)(3)</a> du code fiscal des États-Unis.</span><br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politique de confidentialité</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%80_propos_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia">À propos de Wikipédia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Avertissements_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux">Avertissements</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipédia:Contact">Contact</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code de conduite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Développeurs</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/fr.wikipedia.org">Statistiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Déclaration sur les témoins (cookies)</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Columbite&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Version mobile</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-v9lg2","wgBackendResponseTime":545,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.270","walltime":"0.368","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6304,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":70916,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":24927,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":3833,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 318.632 1 -total"," 69.07% 220.090 1 Modèle:Infobox_Minéral"," 65.63% 209.118 1 Modèle:Infobox_Minéral/2"," 20.46% 65.181 40 Modèle:Infobox/Ligne_mixte_optionnelle"," 19.24% 61.319 2 Modèle:Note"," 17.73% 56.495 7 Modèle:Infobox/Sous-titre_optionnel"," 16.23% 51.719 2 Modèle:Lien_web"," 15.68% 49.947 1 Modèle:Portail"," 12.42% 39.582 1 Modèle:Infobox/Titre"," 7.99% 25.459 1 Modèle:Lang"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.071","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4332687,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-v9lg2","timestamp":"20241128043259","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Columbite","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Columbite","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q899841","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q899841","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2010-03-06T17:06:02Z","dateModified":"2024-11-19T13:38:03Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f1\/Columbite.jpg","headline":"oxyde de niobium, de fer et de mangan\u00e8se"}</script> </body> </html>