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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Game engine</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 57 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83_%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="محرك لعبة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محرك لعبة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_videochuego" title="Motor de videochuego – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Motor de videochuego" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_videoxuegu" title="Motor de videoxuegu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Motor de videoxuegu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oyun_m%C3%BCh%C9%99rriki" title="Oyun mühərriki – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Oyun mühərriki" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%BB-h%C3%AC_i%C3%A2n-j%C3%ADn" title="Iû-hì iân-jín – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Iû-hì iân-jín" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Гульнявы рухавік – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гульнявы рухавік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Игрови двигател – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Игрови двигател" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_videojoc" title="Motor de videojoc – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Motor de videojoc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hern%C3%AD_engine" title="Herní engine – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Herní engine" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spilmotor" title="Spilmotor – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Spilmotor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiel-Engine" title="Spiel-Engine – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Spiel-Engine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4ngumootor" title="Mängumootor – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mängumootor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Μηχανή παιχνιδιού – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μηχανή παιχνιδιού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_videojuego" title="Motor de videojuego – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Motor de videojuego" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="موتور بازی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موتور بازی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moteur_de_jeu" title="Moteur de jeu – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Moteur de jeu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_xogo" title="Motor de xogo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Motor de xogo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EC%9E%84_%EC%97%94%EC%A7%84" title="게임 엔진 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="게임 엔진" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%B9%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%AB%D5%B9" title="Համակարգչային շարժիչ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Համակարգչային շարժիչ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludomotoro" title="Ludomotoro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ludomotoro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesin_permainan" title="Mesin permainan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mesin permainan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leikjav%C3%A9l" title="Leikjavél – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Leikjavél" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motore_grafico" title="Motore grafico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Motore grafico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7" title="מנוע משחק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנוע משחק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesin_gim" title="Mesin gim – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mesin gim" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="თამაშის ძრავა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თამაშის ძრავა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%B7%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Ойын қозғалтқышы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ойын қозғалтқышы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDaidim%C5%B3_variklis" title="Žaidimų variklis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žaidimų variklis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vide%C3%B3j%C3%A1t%C3%A9k-motor" title="Videójáték-motor – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Videójáték-motor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Играчки погон – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Играчки погон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="ഗെയിം എഞ്ചിൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗെയിം എഞ്ചിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83_3_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="محرك 3 ابعاد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="محرك 3 ابعاد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enjin_permainan" title="Enjin permainan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Enjin permainan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine" title="Engine – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Engine" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3" title="ゲームエンジン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゲームエンジン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spillmotor" title="Spillmotor – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Spillmotor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BByin_yuritkichi" title="Oʻyin yuritkichi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oʻyin yuritkichi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silnik_gry_komputerowej" title="Silnik gry komputerowej – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Silnik gry komputerowej" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_jogo" title="Motor de jogo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Motor de jogo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_grafic" title="Motor grafic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Motor grafic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Игровой движок – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Игровой движок" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ක්‍රීඩා එන්ජින් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ක්‍රීඩා එන්ජින්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_engine" title="Game engine – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Game engine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hern%C3%BD_engine" title="Herný engine – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Herný engine" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igralni_pogon" title="Igralni pogon – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Igralni pogon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95" title="بزوێنەری کایە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بزوێنەری کایە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Погон игре – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Погон игре" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelimoottori" title="Pelimoottori – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pelimoottori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelmotor" title="Spelmotor – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Spelmotor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="เกมเอนจิน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกมเอนจิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a 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.compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Game_engine" title="Special:EditPage/Game engine">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Game_engine" title="Talk:Game engine">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 2x" 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Video-Game-Controller-Icon-IDV-green-industry.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Video-Game-Controller-Icon-IDV-green-industry.svg/80px-Video-Game-Controller-Icon-IDV-green-industry.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Video-Game-Controller-Icon-IDV-green-industry.svg/120px-Video-Game-Controller-Icon-IDV-green-industry.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Video-Game-Controller-Icon-IDV-green-industry.svg/160px-Video-Game-Controller-Icon-IDV-green-industry.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="265" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">Part of a series on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_industry" title="Video game industry">Video game industry</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_development" title="Video game development">Development</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_producer" title="Video game producer">Producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_developer" title="Video game developer">Developer</a><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_design#Game_designer" title="Video game design">Designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_art_design#Video_game_artist" title="Game art design">Artist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_programmer" title="Video game programmer">Programmer</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr style="height:0px" /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_design" title="Video game design">Design</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Level_(video_games)#Level_design" title="Level (video games)">Level design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_programming" title="Video game programming">Programming</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_video_games" title="Artificial intelligence in video games">AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_creation_system" title="Game creation system">Creation system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_graphics" title="Video game graphics">Graphics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_music" title="Video game music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_testing" title="Game testing">Testing</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Products</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">Video game</a> <ul><li><i>Specialized / alternative-paradigmatic types</i>: <a href="/wiki/Casual_game" title="Casual game">Casual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_nudity_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex and nudity in video games">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indie_game" title="Indie game">Indie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interactive_movie" class="mw-redirect" title="Interactive movie">Interactive movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonviolent_video_game" title="Nonviolent video game">Nonviolent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serious_game" title="Serious game">Serious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_game" title="Art game">Art game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_video_game" title="Educational video game">Edugame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exergaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Exergaming">Exergame</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-game" title="Non-game">Non-game</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr style="height:0px" /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcade_video_game" title="Arcade video game">Arcade cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">Console</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_accessory" title="Video game accessory">Accessory</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Video game publishing">Publishing</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_video_games_markets_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of video games markets by country">Markets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_China" title="Video games in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_the_United_States" title="Video games in the United States">U.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_Japan" title="Video games in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_South_Korea" title="Video games in South Korea">South Korea</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr style="height:0px" /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_localization" title="Video game localization">Localization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_censorship" title="Video game censorship">Censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_content_rating_system" title="Video game content rating system">Content rating</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr style="height:0px" /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_piracy" title="Video game piracy">Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_clone" title="Video game clone">Clone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property_protection_of_video_games" title="Intellectual property protection of video games">Intellectual property protection</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">Digital rights management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copy_protection" title="Copy protection">Copy protection</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr style="height:0px" /></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution_of_video_games" title="Digital distribution of video games">Distribution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Video_game_monetization" title="Video game monetization">monetization</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buy-to-play" title="Buy-to-play">Buy-to-play</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AAA_(video_game_industry)" title="AAA (video game industry)">AAA game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_pack" title="Expansion pack">Expansion pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episodic_video_game" title="Episodic video game">Episodic video game</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_access" title="Early access">Early access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding_in_video_games" title="Crowdfunding in video games">Crowdfunding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downloadable_content" title="Downloadable content">Downloadable content</a></li></ul> <hr style="height:0px" /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Games_as_a_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Games as a service">Games as a service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_gaming" title="Cloud gaming">Cloud gaming</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr style="height:0px" /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free-to-play" title="Free-to-play">Free-to-play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microtransactions" class="mw-redirect" title="Microtransactions">Microtransactions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In-game_currency" class="mw-redirect" title="In-game currency">In-game currency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loot_box" title="Loot box">Loot box</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gacha_game" title="Gacha game">gacha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Season_pass_(video_games)" title="Season pass (video games)">Season pass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_pass" title="Battle pass">Battle pass</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr style="height:0px" /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advertising_in_video_games" title="Advertising in video games">Advertising in video games</a><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In-game_advertising" title="In-game advertising">in-game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advergame" title="Advergame">Advergame</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Game_studies" title="Game studies">Game studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_journalism" title="Video game journalism">Game journalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Lists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_video_game_developers" title="List of video game developers">List of video game developers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_indie_game_developers" title="List of indie game developers">Indie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_video_game_publishers" title="List of video game publishers">List of video game publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_video_game_industry_people" title="List of video game industry people">List of video game industry people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_video_game_websites" title="List of video game websites">List of video game websites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_video_game_magazines" title="List of video game magazines">List of video game magazines</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Video_game_industry" title="Template:Video game industry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Video_game_industry" title="Template talk:Video game industry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Video_game_industry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Video game industry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>game engine</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">software framework</a> primarily designed for the development of <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a> which generally includes relevant <a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">libraries</a> and support programs such as a level editor.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "engine" terminology is akin to the term "<a href="/wiki/Software_engine" title="Software engine">software engine</a>" used more widely in the <a href="/wiki/Software_industry" title="Software industry">software industry</a>. </p><p><i>Game engine</i> can also refer to the development software supporting this framework, typically a suite of tools and features for developing games.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Video_game_developer" title="Video game developer">Developers</a> can use game engines to construct games for <a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">video game consoles</a> and other types of <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computers</a>. The core functionality typically provided by a game engine may include a <a href="/wiki/Rendering_(computer_graphics)" title="Rendering (computer graphics)">rendering</a> engine ("renderer") for <a href="/wiki/2D_computer_graphics" title="2D computer graphics">2D</a> or <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_graphics" title="Computer graphics">graphics</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Physics_engine" title="Physics engine">physics engine</a> or <a href="/wiki/Collision_detection" title="Collision detection">collision detection</a> (and collision response), <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">sound</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scripting_language" title="Scripting language">scripting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">animation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Game_AI" class="mw-redirect" title="Game AI">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_networking" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer networking">networking</a>, streaming, <a href="/wiki/Memory_management" title="Memory management">memory management</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thread_(computing)" title="Thread (computing)">threading</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization" title="Internationalization and localization">localization</a> support, <a href="/wiki/Scene_graph" title="Scene graph">scene graph</a>, and video support for <a href="/wiki/Cinematic_cutscene" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinematic cutscene">cinematics</a>. Game engine implementers often economize on the process of <a href="/wiki/Game_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Game development">game development</a> by reusing/adapting, in large part, the same game engine to produce different games<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or to aid in <a href="/wiki/Porting" title="Porting">porting</a> games to multiple platforms. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Game_engine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UI_of_Godot_Game_Engine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/UI_of_Godot_Game_Engine.jpg/300px-UI_of_Godot_Game_Engine.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/UI_of_Godot_Game_Engine.jpg/450px-UI_of_Godot_Game_Engine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/UI_of_Godot_Game_Engine.jpg/600px-UI_of_Godot_Game_Engine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Creating a <a href="/wiki/Platform_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Platform game">platform game</a> in <a href="/wiki/Godot_(game_engine)" title="Godot (game engine)">Godot</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>In many cases, game engines provide a suite of visual <a href="/wiki/Game_development_tool" title="Game development tool">development tools</a> in addition to reusable software components. These tools are generally provided in an <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">integrated development environment</a> to enable simplified, <a href="/wiki/Rapid_application_development" title="Rapid application development">rapid development</a> of games in a <a href="/wiki/Data-driven_design" class="mw-redirect" title="Data-driven design">data-driven</a> manner. Game-engine developers often attempt to preempt implementer needs by developing <a href="/wiki/Robustness_(computer_science)" title="Robustness (computer science)">robust</a> software suites which include many elements a game developer may need to build a game. Most game-engine suites provide facilities that ease development, such as graphics, sound, physics and <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a> (AI) functions. These game engines are sometimes called "<a href="/wiki/Middleware" title="Middleware">middleware</a>" because, as with the business sense of the term, they provide a flexible and reusable software platform which provides all the core functionality needed, right <a href="/wiki/Out_of_the_box_(feature)" title="Out of the box (feature)">out of the box</a>, to develop a game application while reducing costs, complexities, and time-to-market—all critical factors in the highly competitive video game industry.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like other types of middleware, game engines usually provide <a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">platform</a> <a href="/wiki/Abstraction_(computer_science)" title="Abstraction (computer science)">abstraction</a>, allowing the same game to run on various platforms (including <a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">game consoles</a> and personal computers) with few, if any, changes made to the game <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a>. Often, programmers design game engines with a <a href="/wiki/Component-based_software_engineering" title="Component-based software engineering">component-based architecture</a> that allows specific systems in the engine to be replaced or extended with more specialized (and often more expensive) game-middleware components. Some game engines comprise a series of loosely connected game middleware components that can be selectively combined to create a custom engine, instead of the more common approach of extending or customizing a flexible integrated product. However achieved, <a href="/wiki/Extensibility" title="Extensibility">extensibility</a> remains a high priority for game engines due to the wide variety of uses for which they are applied. Despite the specificity of the name "game engine", end-users often re-purpose game engines for other kinds of interactive applications with <a href="/wiki/Real-time_computer_graphics" title="Real-time computer graphics">real-time graphical</a> requirements—such as <a href="/wiki/Product_demonstration" title="Product demonstration">marketing demos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Architectural_visualization" class="mw-redirect" title="Architectural visualization">architectural visualizations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Training_simulation" title="Training simulation">training simulations</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_model" title="Conceptual model">modeling</a> environments.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some game engines only provide <a href="/wiki/Real-time_computer_graphics" title="Real-time computer graphics">real-time 3D rendering</a> capabilities instead of the wide range of functionality needed by games. These engines rely upon the game developer to implement the rest of this functionality or to assemble it from other game-middleware components. These types of engines are generally referred to as a "graphics engine", "rendering engine", or "3D engine" instead of the more encompassing term "game engine". This terminology is inconsistently used, as many full-featured 3D game engines are referred to simply as "3D engines". Examples of graphics engines include: <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Space" title="Crystal Space">Crystal Space</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genesis3D" class="mw-redirect" title="Genesis3D">Genesis3D</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irrlicht_Engine" title="Irrlicht Engine">Irrlicht</a>, <a href="/wiki/OGRE" title="OGRE">OGRE</a>, RealmForge, Truevision3D, and <a href="/wiki/Vision_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Vision Engine">Vision Engine</a>. Modern game- or graphics-engines generally provide a <a href="/wiki/Scene_graph" title="Scene graph">scene graph</a>—an object-oriented representation of the 3D game-world which often simplifies game design and can be used for more efficient rendering of vast virtual worlds.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Most game engines or graphics engines use a <a href="/wiki/Graphics_API" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics API">Graphics API</a>, which eases communication with the <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a>. But older games did not have hardware acceleration or GPUs and had to build their own software renderer. </p><p>As technology ages, the components of an engine may become outdated or insufficient for the requirements of a given <a href="/wiki/Project" title="Project">project</a>. Since the complexity of programming an entirely new engine may result in unwanted delays (or necessitate that a project restart from the beginning), an engine-development team may elect to update their existing engine with newer functionality or components. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Game_engine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Quake_-_family_tree_2_Simplified.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Quake_-_family_tree_2_Simplified.svg/300px-Quake_-_family_tree_2_Simplified.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Quake_-_family_tree_2_Simplified.svg/450px-Quake_-_family_tree_2_Simplified.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Quake_-_family_tree_2_Simplified.svg/600px-Quake_-_family_tree_2_Simplified.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2734" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Some game engines experience an evolution over time and develop a family tree, like for instance <a href="/wiki/Id_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Id software">id's</a> <a href="/wiki/Quake_engine" title="Quake engine">Quake engine</a> which resulted in the <a href="/wiki/Id_Tech" title="Id Tech">id Tech</a> family.</figcaption></figure> <p>Before game engines, games were typically written as singular entities: a game for the <a href="/wiki/Atari_2600" title="Atari 2600">Atari 2600</a>, for example, had to be designed from the bottom up to make optimal use of the display hardware—this core display routine is today called the <a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">kernel</a> by developers of games for older systems. Other platforms had more leeway, but even when the display was not a concern, memory constraints usually sabotaged attempts to create the data-heavy design that an engine needs. Even on more accommodating platforms, very little could be reused between games. The rapid advance of <a href="/wiki/Arcade_game" title="Arcade game">arcade</a> <a href="/wiki/Arcade_system_board" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcade system board">hardware</a>—which was the leading edge of the market at the time—meant that most of the code would have to be thrown out afterwards anyway, as later generations of games would use completely different game designs that took advantage of extra resources. Thus most game designs through the 1980s were designed through a hard-coded rule set with a small number of levels and graphics data. Since the <a href="/wiki/Golden_age_of_arcade_video_games" title="Golden age of arcade video games">golden age of arcade video games</a>, it became common for video game companies to develop in-house game engines for use with first-party software. </p><p>A notable example of an in-house game engine on <a href="/wiki/Home_video_game_console" title="Home video game console">home consoles</a> in the mid-1980s was the smooth <a href="/wiki/Side-scrolling" class="mw-redirect" title="Side-scrolling">side-scrolling</a> engine developed by <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a>'s team at <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</a> (NES). The engine they had developed for the side-scrolling <a href="/wiki/Racing_game" title="Racing game">racing game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Excitebike" title="Excitebike">Excitebike</a></i> (1984) was later employed for the scrolling <a href="/wiki/Platformer" title="Platformer">platformer</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Super_Mario_Bros." title="Super Mario Bros.">Super Mario Bros.</a></i> (1985). This had the effect of allowing <a href="/wiki/Mario" title="Mario">Mario</a> to smoothly accelerate from a walk to a run, rather than move at a constant speed like in earlier platformers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While third-party game engines were not common up until the rise of <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D computer graphics</a> in the 1990s, there were several 2D <a href="/wiki/Game_creation_system" title="Game creation system">game creation systems</a> produced in the 1980s for <a href="/wiki/Independent_video_game_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent video game development">independent video game development</a>. These include <i><a href="/wiki/Pinball_Construction_Set" title="Pinball Construction Set">Pinball Construction Set</a></i> (1983), <a href="/wiki/ASCII_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASCII (company)">ASCII</a>'s <i>War Game Construction Kit</i> (1983),<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Force_(series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thunder Force (series)">Thunder Force Construction</a></i> (1984),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Adventure_Construction_Set" title="Adventure Construction Set">Adventure Construction Set</a></i> (1984), <a href="/wiki/Garry_Kitchen%27s_GameMaker" title="Garry Kitchen's GameMaker">Garry Kitchen's GameMaker</a> (1985), <i><a href="/wiki/Wargame_Construction_Set" title="Wargame Construction Set">Wargame Construction Set</a></i> (1986), <i><a href="/wiki/Shoot-%27Em-Up_Construction_Kit" title="Shoot-'Em-Up Construction Kit">Shoot-'Em-Up Construction Kit</a></i> (1987), <i><a href="/wiki/Arcade_Game_Construction_Kit" title="Arcade Game Construction Kit">Arcade Game Construction Kit</a></i> (1988), and most popularly ASCII's <i><a href="/wiki/RPG_Maker" title="RPG Maker">RPG Maker</a></i> engines from 1998 onward. Klik & Play (1994) is another legacy offering that is still available.<sup id="cite_ref-produsase_japan_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-produsase_japan-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "game engine" arose in the mid-1990s, especially in connection with 3D games such as <a href="/wiki/First-person_shooter" title="First-person shooter">first-person shooters</a> with a <a href="/wiki/First-person_shooter_engine" title="First-person shooter engine">first-person shooter engine</a>. Epic games, founded by developer Tim Sweeney, debuted Unreal Engine in the year 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Such was the popularity of <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">Id Software</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(1993_video_game)" title="Doom (1993 video game)">Doom</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Quake_(series)" title="Quake (series)">Quake</a></i> games that, rather than work from scratch, other developers licensed the core portions of the software and designed their own graphics, characters, weapons and <a href="/wiki/Level_(computer_and_video_games)" class="mw-redirect" title="Level (computer and video games)">levels</a>—the "game content" or "game assets". Separation of game-specific rules and data from basic concepts like <a href="/wiki/Collision_detection" title="Collision detection">collision detection</a> and game entity meant that teams could grow and specialize.<sup id="cite_ref-produsase_japan_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-produsase_japan-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later games, such as <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Quake_III_Arena" title="Quake III Arena">Quake III Arena</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Epic_Games" title="Epic Games">Epic Games</a>'s 1998 <i><a href="/wiki/Unreal_(1998_video_game)" title="Unreal (1998 video game)">Unreal</a></i> were designed with this approach in mind, with the engine and content developed separately. The practice of licensing such technology has proved to be a useful auxiliary revenue stream for some game developers, as one license for a high-end commercial game engine can range from $10,000 to millions of dollars, and the number of licensees can reach several dozen companies, as seen with the <a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine" title="Unreal Engine">Unreal Engine</a>. At the very least, reusable engines make developing game sequels faster and easier, which is a valuable advantage in the competitive video game industry. While there was a strong rivalry between Epic and id around the year 2000, since then Epic's Unreal Engine has been far more popular than <a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_4" title="Id Tech 4">id Tech 4</a> and its successor <a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_5" title="Id Tech 5">id Tech 5</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern game engines are some of the most complex applications written, often featuring dozens of finely tuned systems interacting to ensure a precisely controlled user experience. The continued evolution of game engines has created a strong separation between rendering, scripting, artwork, and <a href="/wiki/Level_design" class="mw-redirect" title="Level design">level design</a>. It is now common, for example, for a typical game development team to have several times as many artists as actual programmers.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>First-person shooter games remain the predominant users of third-party game engines, but they are now also being used in other <a href="/wiki/Video_game_genres" class="mw-redirect" title="Video game genres">genres</a>. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_video_game" title="Role-playing video game">role-playing video game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Elder_Scrolls_III:_Morrowind" title="The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind">The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind</a></i> and the <a href="/wiki/MMORPG" class="mw-redirect" title="MMORPG">MMORPG</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Dark_Age_of_Camelot" title="Dark Age of Camelot">Dark Age of Camelot</a></i> are based on the <a href="/wiki/Gamebryo" title="Gamebryo">Gamebryo</a> engine, and the MMORPG <i><a href="/wiki/Lineage_II" title="Lineage II">Lineage II</a></i> is based on the Unreal Engine. Game engines are used for games originally developed for home consoles as well; for example, the <a href="/wiki/RenderWare" title="RenderWare">RenderWare</a> engine is used in the <i><a href="/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto" title="Grand Theft Auto">Grand Theft Auto</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Burnout_(game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burnout (game)">Burnout</a></i> franchises. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Thread_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thread (computer science)">Threading</a> is taking on more importance due to modern multi-core systems (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Cell_(microprocessor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cell (microprocessor)">Cell</a>) and increased demands in realism. Typical threads involve rendering, streaming, audio, and physics. Racing games have typically been at the forefront of threading with the physics engine running in a separate thread long before other core subsystems were moved, partly because rendering and related tasks need updating at only 30–60 Hz. For example, on PlayStation 3, physics ran in <i><a href="/wiki/Need_For_Speed" class="mw-redirect" title="Need For Speed">Need For Speed</a></i> at 100 Hz versus <i><a href="/wiki/Forza_Motorsport_2" title="Forza Motorsport 2">Forza Motorsport 2</a></i> at 360 Hz. </p><p>Although the term was first used in the 1990s, there are a few earlier systems in the 1980s that are also considered to be game engines, such as Sierra's <a href="/wiki/Adventure_Game_Interpreter" title="Adventure Game Interpreter">Adventure Game Interpreter</a> (AGI) and SCI systems, LucasArts' <a href="/wiki/SCUMM" title="SCUMM">SCUMM</a> system and <a href="/wiki/Incentive_Software" title="Incentive Software">Incentive Software</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Freescape_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Freescape engine">Freescape engine</a> (in 1986<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Unlike most modern game engines, these game engines were never used in any third-party products (except for the SCUMM system which was licensed to and used by <a href="/wiki/Humongous_Entertainment" title="Humongous Entertainment">Humongous Entertainment</a>). </p><p>As game engine technology matures and becomes more user-friendly, the application of game engines has broadened in scope. They are now being used for <a href="/wiki/Serious_game" title="Serious game">serious games</a>: visualization, training, medical, and <a href="/wiki/Military_simulation" title="Military simulation">military simulation</a> applications, with the <a href="/wiki/CryEngine" title="CryEngine">CryEngine</a> being one example.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To facilitate this accessibility, new hardware platforms are now being targeted by game engines, including <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phones</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> phones, <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browsers</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Shockwave" title="Adobe Shockwave">Shockwave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Flash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinigy" title="Trinigy">Trinigy</a>'s WebVision, <a href="/wiki/Silverlight" class="mw-redirect" title="Silverlight">Silverlight</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unity_Web_Player" class="mw-redirect" title="Unity Web Player">Unity Web Player</a>, <a href="/wiki/O3D" title="O3D">O3D</a> and pure <a href="/wiki/DHTML" class="mw-redirect" title="DHTML">DHTML</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, more game engines are being built upon <a href="/wiki/High-level_programming_language" title="High-level programming language">higher level languages</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">C#</a>/<a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Torque_Game_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Torque Game Engine">TorqueX</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Visual3D.NET" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual3D.NET">Visual3D.NET</a>), Python (<a href="/wiki/Panda3D" title="Panda3D">Panda3D</a>), or <a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua Script</a> (Leadwerks). As most 3D rich games are now mostly <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a>-limited (i.e. limited by the power of the graphics card), the potential slowdown due to translation overheads of higher level languages becomes negligible, while the productivity gains offered by these languages work to the game engine developers' benefit.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These recent trends are being propelled by companies such as <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> to support <a href="/wiki/Independent_game_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent game development">indie</a> game development. Microsoft developed <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_XNA" title="Microsoft XNA">XNA</a> as the SDK of choice for all video games released on Xbox and related products. This includes the Xbox Live Indie Games<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> channel designed specifically for smaller developers who do not have the extensive resources necessary to box games for sale on retail shelves. It is becoming easier and cheaper than ever to develop game engines for platforms that support <a href="/wiki/Managed_code" title="Managed code">managed</a> frameworks.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Game_engines_as_an_industry">Game engines as an industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Game_engine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Game engines as an industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Producers of game engines decide how they allow users to utilize their products. Just as <a href="/wiki/Video_game_industry" title="Video game industry">gaming is an industry</a>, so are the engines they are built off. The major game engines come at varying prices, whether it be in the form of subscription fees or license payments.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Unity_(game_engine)" title="Unity (game engine)">Unity</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine" title="Unreal Engine">Unreal Engine</a> are currently the two most popular choices for game developers.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the differences among the different game engines blur as they build their own tools on top of them, different game developers may be too used to a system to change, or attracted by the huge benefits of such engines regardless of pay-walls. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Game_middleware">Game middleware</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Game_engine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Game middleware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the broader sense of the term, game engines themselves can be described as middleware. In the context of video games, however, the term "middleware" is often used to refer to subsystems of functionality within a game engine. Some game middleware does only one thing but does it more convincingly or more efficiently than general purpose middleware. </p><p>The four most widely used middleware packages<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that provide subsystems of functionality include <a href="/wiki/RAD_Game_Tools" class="mw-redirect" title="RAD Game Tools">RAD Game Tools</a>' Bink, Firelight <a href="/wiki/FMOD" title="FMOD">FMOD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Havok_(software)" title="Havok (software)">Havok</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scaleform" class="mw-redirect" title="Scaleform">Scaleform</a> GFx. RAD Game Tools develops Bink for basic video rendering, along with Miles audio, and <a href="/wiki/Granny_3D" class="mw-redirect" title="Granny 3D">Granny 3D</a> rendering. Firelight FMOD is a low cost robust audio library and toolset. Havok provides a robust physics simulation system, along with a suite of animation and behavior applications. Scaleform provides GFx for high performance <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Flash</a> UI and high-quality video playback, and an <a href="/wiki/Input_Method_Editor" class="mw-redirect" title="Input Method Editor">Input Method Editor</a> (IME) add-on for in-game Asian chat support. </p><p>Other middleware is used for performance optimisation—for example '<a href="/wiki/Simplygon" title="Simplygon">Simplygon</a>' helps to optimise and generate <a href="/wiki/Level_of_detail_(computer_graphics)" title="Level of detail (computer graphics)">level of detail</a> meshes, and '<a href="/wiki/Umbra_(3D_technology_company)" title="Umbra (3D technology company)">Umbra</a>' adds <a href="/wiki/Occlusion_culling" class="mw-redirect" title="Occlusion culling">occlusion culling</a> optimisations to 3d graphics. </p><p>Some middleware contains full <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a>, others just provide an <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">API</a> reference for a compiled binary <a href="/wiki/Library_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Library (computer science)">library</a>. Some middleware programs can be licensed either way, usually for a higher fee for full source code. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Game_engine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D computer graphics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authoring_system" title="Authoring system">Authoring system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_physics" title="Game physics">Game physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first-person_shooter_engines" title="List of first-person shooter engines">List of first-person shooter engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_game_engines" title="List of game engines">List of game engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_game_middleware" class="mw-redirect" title="List of game middleware">List of game middleware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual studio">Virtual studio</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Game_engine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFValencia-Garcia2016" class="citation book cs1">Valencia-Garcia, Rafael; et al. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gamasutra+Engine+and+Middleware+Technology+Survey&rft.pub=Gamasutra.com&rft.date=2009-05-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamasutra.com%2Fblogs%2FMarkDeLoura%2F20090316%2F903%2FThe_Engine_Survey_Technology_Results.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGame+engine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Game_engine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Game engines</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_game_engines" title="List of game engines">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Source_port" title="Source port">Source port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-person_shooter_engine" title="First-person shooter engine">First-person shooter engine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first-person_shooter_engines" title="List of first-person shooter engines">List of first-person shooter engines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_engine_recreation" title="Game engine recreation">Game engine recreation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_game_engine_recreations" title="List of game engine recreations">List of game engine recreations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_creation_system" title="Game creation system">Game creation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_integrated_development_environment" title="Game integrated development environment">Game IDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_visual_novel_engines" title="List of visual novel engines">List of visual novel engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech" title="Id Tech">id Tech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cobra_(game_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobra (game engine)">Cobra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmation_(game_engine)" title="Filmation (game engine)">Filmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freescape" title="Freescape">Freescape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Box" title="Gold Box">Gold Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCUMM" title="SCUMM">SCUMM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_GameStudio" title="3D GameStudio">3D GameStudio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clickteam" title="Clickteam">Clickteam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Engine" title="Dark Engine">Dark Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GameMaker" title="GameMaker">GameMaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genie_Engine" title="Genie Engine">Genie Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GoldSrc" title="GoldSrc">GoldSrc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedi_(game_engine)" title="Jedi (game engine)">Jedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LithTech" title="LithTech">LithTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugen_(game_engine)" title="Mugen (game engine)">Mugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_in_the_Sky_(game_engine)" title="Pie in the Sky (game engine)">Pie in the Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_Lab" title="Reality Lab">Reality Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RenderWare" title="RenderWare">RenderWare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPG_Maker" title="RPG Maker">RPG Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sim_RPG_Maker" title="Sim RPG Maker">Sim RPG Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine_1" title="Unreal Engine 1">Unreal Engine 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Theatre" title="Virtual Theatre">Virtual Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voxel_Space" title="Voxel Space">Voxel Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_(game_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero (game engine)">Zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zillions_of_Games" title="Zillions of Games">Zillions of Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ubisoft_Anvil" title="Ubisoft Anvil">Anvil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C4_Engine" title="C4 Engine">C4 Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrome_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrome Engine">Chrome Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CryEngine" title="CryEngine">CryEngine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Tools" title="Crystal Tools">Crystal Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_(game_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel (game engine)">Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ego_(game_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ego (game engine)">Ego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essence_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Essence Engine">Essence Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphoria_(software)" title="Euphoria (software)">Euphoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flare3D" title="Flare3D">Flare3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frostbite_(game_engine)" title="Frostbite (game engine)">Frostbite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamebryo" title="Gamebryo">Gamebryo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GameSalad" title="GameSalad">GameSalad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HeroEngine" title="HeroEngine">HeroEngine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IW_(game_engine)" title="IW (game engine)">IW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadwerks" title="Leadwerks">Leadwerks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmalade_(software)" title="Marmalade (software)">Marmalade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT_Framework" title="MT Framework">MT Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PhyreEngine" title="PhyreEngine">PhyreEngine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_(game_engine)" title="Q (game engine)">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockstar_Advanced_Game_Engine" title="Rockstar Advanced Game Engine">RAGE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retro_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Retro Engine">Retro Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAGE_(game_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE (game engine)">SAGE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_3D" title="Shark 3D">Shark 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_Storm_engine" title="Silent Storm engine"><i>Silent Storm</i> engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_(game_engine)" title="Source (game engine)">Source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(game_engine)" title="Titan (game engine)">Titan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unigine" title="Unigine">Unigine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_(game_engine)" title="Unity (game engine)">Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine_2" title="Unreal Engine 2">Unreal Engine 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine_3" title="Unreal Engine 3">Unreal Engine 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicious_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicious Engine">Vicious Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_(game_engine)" title="Vision (game engine)">Vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual3D_Game_Engine" title="Visual3D Game Engine">Visual3D Game Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4A_Engine" title="4A Engine">4A Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lumberyard" title="Amazon Lumberyard">Amazon Lumberyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitsquid" title="Bitsquid">Bitsquid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buildbox" title="Buildbox">Buildbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construct_(game_engine)" title="Construct (game engine)">Construct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creation_Engine" title="Creation Engine">Creation Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decima_(game_engine)" title="Decima (game engine)">Decima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defold" title="Defold">Defold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felgo" title="Felgo">Felgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Engine" title="Fox Engine">Fox Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_5" title="Id Tech 5">id Tech 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_6" title="Id Tech 6">id Tech 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignite_(game_engine)" title="Ignite (game engine)">Ignite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynapse" title="Kynapse">Kynapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminous_Engine" title="Luminous Engine">Luminous Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nvidia_GameWorks" title="Nvidia GameWorks">Nvidia GameWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Game_Maker_MV" title="Pixel Game Maker MV">Pixel Game Maker MV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RE_Engine" title="RE Engine">RE Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowdrop_(game_engine)" title="Snowdrop (game engine)">Snowdrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stencyl" title="Stencyl">Stencyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_2" title="Source 2">Source 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UbiArt_Framework" title="UbiArt Framework">UbiArt Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine_4" title="Unreal Engine 4">Unreal Engine 4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_7" title="Id Tech 7">id Tech 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine_5" title="Unreal Engine 5">Unreal Engine 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%26box" title="S&box">S&box</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">Free and<br />open-source</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1970s25" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Z-machine" title="Z-machine">Z-machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_Game_Studio" title="Adventure Game Studio">Adventure Game Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Build_(game_engine)" title="Build (game engine)">Build</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Space" title="Crystal Space">Crystal Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doom_engine" title="Doom engine"><i>Doom</i> engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game-Maker" title="Game-Maker">Game-Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OHRRPGCE" class="mw-redirect" title="OHRRPGCE">OHRRPGCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quake_engine" title="Quake engine"><i>Quake</i> engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quake_II_engine" title="Quake II engine"><i>Quake II</i> engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratagus" title="Stratagus">Stratagus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Away3D" title="Away3D">Away3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blender_Game_Engine" title="Blender Game Engine">Blender Game Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bork3D_Game_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bork3D Game Engine">Bork3D Game Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos2d" title="Cocos2d">Cocos2d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dim3" title="Dim3">Dim3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_Editor" title="Game Editor">Game Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GDevelop" title="GDevelop">GDevelop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_3" title="Id Tech 3">id Tech 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_4" title="Id Tech 4">id Tech 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrlicht_Engine" title="Irrlicht Engine">Irrlicht Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JMonkeyEngine" title="JMonkeyEngine">jMonkeyEngine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_Java_Game_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Lightweight Java Game Library">Lightweight Java Game Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6ve_(game_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Löve (game engine)">Löve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OGRE" title="OGRE">OGRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Wonderland" title="Open Wonderland">Open Wonderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panda3D" title="Panda3D">Panda3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papervision3D" title="Papervision3D">Papervision3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_(game_engine)" title="Plasma (game engine)">Plasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platinum_Arts_Sandbox" title="Platinum Arts Sandbox">Platinum Arts Sandbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygame" title="Pygame">Pygame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%27Py" title="Ren'Py">Ren'Py</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scratch_(programming_language)" title="Scratch (programming language)">Scratch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar2D" title="Solar2D">Solar2D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Engine" title="Spring Engine">Spring Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thousand_Parsec" title="Thousand Parsec">Thousand Parsec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torque_(game_engine)" title="Torque (game engine)">Torque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassal_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Vassal Engine">Vassal Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wintermute_Engine" title="Wintermute Engine">Wintermute Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta3D" title="Delta3D">Delta3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godot_(game_engine)" title="Godot (game engine)">Godot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPUOpen" title="GPUOpen">GPUOpen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horde3D" title="Horde3D">Horde3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LibGDX" title="LibGDX">libGDX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moai_(software)" title="Moai (software)">Moai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenFL" title="OpenFL">OpenFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ORX" title="ORX">ORX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayCanvas" title="PlayCanvas">PlayCanvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raylib" title="Raylib">Raylib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap!_(programming_language)" title="Snap! (programming language)">Snap!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stencyl" title="Stencyl">Stencyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stride_(game_engine)" title="Stride (game engine)">Stride</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_3D_Engine" title="Open 3D Engine">Open 3D Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox391" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193564#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/103437396X">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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