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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Political_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Political culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Foreign relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incarceration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incarceration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Incarceration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incarceration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_piracy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_piracy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Modern piracy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_piracy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wildlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Wildlife</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wildlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Environmental issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Energy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Women" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Women"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Women</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.8</span> <span>LGBT rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notelist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notelist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notelist</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notelist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Seychelles</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 221 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-221" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">221 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelle" title="Seychelle – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Seychelle" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellen" title="Seychellen – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Seychellen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B2%E1%88%B8%E1%88%8D%E1%88%B5" title="ሲሸልስ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሲሸልስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelleh" title="Seychelleh – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Seychelleh" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="सेशेल्स – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="सेशेल्स" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segscelliega" title="Segscelliega – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Segscelliega" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B3%D1%8C%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Сеишелтәи Адгьылбжьахақәа – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Сеишелтәи Адгьылбжьахақәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%84" title="سيشل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيشل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8ch%C3%A8les" title="Sèchèles – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Sèchèles" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seixeles" title="Seixeles – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Seixeles" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9ichele" title="Séichele – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Séichele" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sey%C5%9Fel_adalar%C4%B1" title="Seyşel adaları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Seyşel adaları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%84" title="سیشل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیشل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seshel" title="Seshel – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Seshel" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8" title="সেশেলস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সেশেলস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Сейшел Утрауҙары – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сейшел Утрауҙары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Сейшэльскія Астравы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сейшэльскія Астравы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Сэйшэлы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сэйшэлы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="सेशेल्स – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सेशेल्स" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seytsilyes" title="Seytsilyes – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Seytsilyes" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seisel" title="Seisel – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Seisel" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Сейшели – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сейшели" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelln" title="Seychelln – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Seychelln" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9E%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="སེ་ཞེལ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སེ་ཞེལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sej%C5%A1eli" title="Sejšeli – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sejšeli" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sechelez" title="Sechelez – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sechelez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Сейшелиин аралнууд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Сейшелиин аралнууд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Сейшел утравĕсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сейшел утравĕсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychely" title="Seychely – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Seychely" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyisheri" title="Seyisheri – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Seyisheri" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexelles" title="Sexelles – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Sexelles" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellerne" title="Seychellerne – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Seychellerne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84" title="سيشيل – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سيشيل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellat" title="Seychellat – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Seychellat" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellen" title="Seychellen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Seychellen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8C%DE%AD%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%8E%DE%A6%DE%8B%DE%A9%DE%84%DE%AA" title="ތޭންގަދީބު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ތޭންގަދީބު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelle" title="Seychelle – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Seychelle" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="सेसेल्स – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="सेसेल्स" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sei%C5%A1ellid" title="Seišellid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Seišellid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B5%CF%8B%CF%87%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Σεϋχέλλες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σεϋχέλλες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sej%C5%9Deloj" title="Sejŝeloj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sejŝeloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelleak" title="Seychelleak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Seychelleak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%84" title="سیشل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیشل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyskelloyggjar" title="Seyskelloyggjar – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Seyskelloyggjar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seysjellen" title="Seysjellen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Seysjellen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seysel" title="Seysel – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Seysel" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_S%C3%A9is%C3%A9il" title="Na Séiséil – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Na Séiséil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny_h-Ellanyn_Sheshell" title="Ny h-Ellanyn Sheshell – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ny h-Ellanyn Sheshell" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sey%C5%9Feller" title="Seyşeller – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Seyşeller" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_h-Eileanan_Sheiseall" title="Na h-Eileanan Sheiseall – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Na h-Eileanan Sheiseall" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%B8" title="세이셸 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세이셸" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B7%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B2%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Սեյշելյան կղզիներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սեյշելյան կղզիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="सेशेल्स – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सेशेल्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelle" title="Seychelle – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Seychelle" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sej%C5%A1eli" title="Sejšeli – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sejšeli" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seycheli" title="Seycheli – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Seycheli" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C" title="সেইশেল দ্বীপপুঞ্জ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সেইশেল দ্বীপপুঞ্জ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Сейшелтæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сейшелтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiSeyisheli" title="IsiSeyisheli – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiSeyisheli" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles-eyjar" title="Seychelles-eyjar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Seychelles-eyjar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%9C" title="סיישל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיישל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9s%C3%A8l" title="Sésèl – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sésèl" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸೆಶೆಲ್ಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೆಶೆಲ್ಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasesielan" title="Kasesielan – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kasesielan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="სეიშელის კუნძულები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სეიშელის კუნძულები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Сейшель аралдары – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сейшель аралдары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellys" title="Seychellys – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Seychellys" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyishele" title="Seyishele – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Seyishele" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelisheli" title="Shelisheli – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shelisheli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychell" title="Seychell – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Seychell" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seycella" title="Seycella – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Seycella" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sech%C3%A8l" title="Sechèl – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sechèl" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9ch%C3%A8l" title="Séchèl – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Séchèl" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sey%C5%9Fel" title="Seyşel – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Seyşel" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Сейшелвлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Сейшелвлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulae_Seisellenses" title="Insulae Seisellenses – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Insulae Seisellenses" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sei%C5%A1elas" title="Seišelas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Seišelas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellen" title="Seychellen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Seychellen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sei%C5%A1eliai" title="Seišeliai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Seišeliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelle" title="Seychelle – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Seychelle" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyshel" title="Seyshel – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Seyshel" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexeles" title="Sexeles – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sexeles" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sei%C5%A1ellit" title="Seišellit – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Seišellit" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelle-szigetek" title="Seychelle-szigetek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Seychelle-szigetek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Сејшели – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сејшели" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seisely" title="Seisely – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Seisely" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="സെയ്‌ഷെൽസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെയ്‌ഷെൽസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heikere" title="Heikere – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Heikere" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="सेशेल्स – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सेशेल्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="სეიშელიშ კოკეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სეიშელიშ კოკეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84" title="سيشيل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيشيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%84" title="سیشل – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سیشل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9C%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%81" title="ꯁꯦꯆꯦꯜꯂꯦꯁ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁꯦꯆꯦꯜꯂꯦꯁ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Сэйшэлтне – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Сэйшэлтне" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Сейшелийн арлууд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сейшелийн арлууд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B2%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဆေးရှဲနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆေးရှဲနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellen" title="Seychellen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Seychellen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellen" title="Seychellen – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Seychellen" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="सेसेल्स – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सेसेल्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="सिशेल्स – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सिशेल्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB" title="セーシェル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セーシェル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Сейшелан гӀайренаш – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сейшелан гӀайренаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seschelen" title="Seschelen – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Seschelen" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieshels" title="Sieshels – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Sieshels" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellene" title="Seychellene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Seychellene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellane" title="Seychellane – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Seychellane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyshels" title="Seyshels – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Seyshels" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seich%C3%A8las" title="Seichèlas – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Seichèlas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB-%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Сейшел-влак – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Сейшел-влак" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siishelsi" title="Siishelsi – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Siishelsi" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyshell_orollari" title="Seyshell orollari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Seyshell orollari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2" title="ਸੇਸ਼ੈਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੇਸ਼ੈਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="सेशेल – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सेशेल" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B4%D9%84%D8%B2" title="سشلز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سشلز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%84" title="سيشل – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سيشل" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seishelz" title="Seishelz – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Seishelz" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellen" title="Seychellen – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Seychellen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seszele" title="Seszele – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Seszele" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seicheles" title="Seicheles – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Seicheles" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyshel_Atawlar%C4%B1" title="Seyshel Atawları – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Seyshel Atawları" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sey%C5%9Feller" title="Seyşeller – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Seyşeller" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellas" title="Seychellas – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Seychellas" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichillakuna" title="Sichillakuna – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sichillakuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Сейшельские Острова – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сейшельские Острова" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сейшеллар – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сейшеллар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="सेशेल – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सेशेल" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ABysh%C3%AAle" title="Sëyshêle – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Sëyshêle" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelle" title="Seychelle – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Seychelle" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejshellet" title="Sejshellet – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sejshellet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seicelli" title="Seicelli – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Seicelli" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="සීෂෙල්ස් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සීෂෙල්ස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B2" title="سيشيلز – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سيشيلز" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISeyishelesi" title="ISeyishelesi – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="ISeyishelesi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychely" title="Seychely – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Seychely" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sej%C5%A1eli" title="Sejšeli – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sejšeli" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seszele" title="Seszele – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Seszele" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyshelles" title="Seyshelles – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Seyshelles" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8E%D9%84" title="سیشێل – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیشێل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Сејшели – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сејшели" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sej%C5%A1eli" title="Sejšeli – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sejšeli" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seych%C3%A9ll" title="Seychéll – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Seychéll" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellit" title="Seychellit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Seychellit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellerna" title="Seychellerna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Seychellerna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="சீசெல்சு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீசெல்சு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Сейшел утраулары – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сейшел утраулары" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB%E1%82%84%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းသေးသျႄႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းသေးသျႄႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="సేషెల్స్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సేషెల్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศเซเชลส์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศเซเชลส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Сейшел – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сейшел" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sey%C5%9Feller" title="Seyşeller – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Seyşeller" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se%C3%BD%C5%9Fel_Adalary" title="Seýşel Adalary – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Seýşel Adalary" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%88%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D3%B5%D1%8A%D1%91%D1%81" title="Сейшел шормуӵъёс – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Сейшел шормуӵъёс" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Сейшельські Острови – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сейшельські Острови" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B2" title="سیشیلز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیشیلز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%90%D9%8A%D8%B4%DB%90%D9%84_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B1%D9%89" title="سېيشېل ئاراللىرى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سېيشېل ئاراللىرى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seice%C5%82e" title="Seicełe – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Seicełe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sei%C5%A1elan_Sared" title="Seišelan Sared – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Seišelan Sared" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4celu%C3%A4ns" title="Säceluäns – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Säceluäns" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%B8%AD%E7%88%BE" title="塞席爾 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="塞席爾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seysel" title="Seysel – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Seysel" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%88%8C%E5%B0%94" title="塞舌尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="塞舌尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%9C" title="סיישעל – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סיישעל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B9%A2%C3%A8%C3%ADh%E1%BA%B9%CC%81l%E1%BA%B9%CC%81s%C3%AC" title="Ṣèíhẹ́lẹ́sì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ṣèíhẹ́lẹ́sì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%88%8C%E7%88%BE" title="塞舌爾 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="塞舌爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sey%C5%9Feli" title="Seyşeli – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Seyşeli" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychell%27n" title="Seychell'n – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Seychell'n" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sei%C5%A1el%C4%93" title="Seišelē – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Seišelē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%88%8C%E5%B0%94" title="塞舌尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塞舌尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9s%C3%A8l" title="Sésèl – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Sésèl" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Seychelles" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sej%C5%A1eli_l%C9%99p%C9%99kon" title="Sejšeli ləpəkon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Sejšeli ləpəkon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9B%E2%B5%8D" title="ⵙⵉⵛⵍ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵙⵉⵛⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1042#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seychelles&params=4_35_S_55_40_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°35′S</span> <span class="longitude">55°40′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.583°S 55.667°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.583; 55.667</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Island country in the Indian Ocean</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the ship, see <a href="/wiki/HMS_Seychelles" title="HMS Seychelles">HMS <i>Seychelles</i></a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Republic of Seychelles</div><div class="ib-country-names"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">République des Seychelles</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Seselwa Creole French-language text"><i lang="crs">Repiblik Sesel</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois Creole</a>)</li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Seychelles.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Seychelles"><img alt="Flag of Seychelles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/125px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/188px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/250px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Seychelles" title="Flag of Seychelles">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Seychelles"><img alt="Coat of arms of Seychelles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles" title="Coat of arms of Seychelles"> Coat of arms</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b><span title="Latin-language text"><span lang="la" style="font-style: normal;">"Finis Coronat Opus"</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>)</span><br />"The End Crowns the Work"</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Koste_Seselwa" title="Koste Seselwa">Koste Seselwa</a></i><br /><i>Join together all Seychellois</i><br /><div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="68" data-mwtitle="Koste_Seselwa_(instrumental).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Koste_Seselwa_%28instrumental%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/Koste_Seselwa_%28instrumental%29.ogg/Koste_Seselwa_%28instrumental%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKoste_Seselwa_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體） ‪(zh-hant)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_Seychelles_AU_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Seychelles (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue)"><img alt="Location of Seychelles (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Location_Seychelles_AU_Africa.svg/250px-Location_Seychelles_AU_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Location_Seychelles_AU_Africa.svg/375px-Location_Seychelles_AU_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Location_Seychelles_AU_Africa.svg/500px-Location_Seychelles_AU_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption"><div style="text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;">Location of Seychelles (dark blue)<p style="text-align:left;margin-left:1.2ex;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:1.15em;">– in <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> (light blue & dark grey)<br />– in the <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> (light blue)</p></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<div class="ib-country-largest">and largest city</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Seychelles" title="Victoria, Seychelles">Victoria</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seychelles&params=4_37_S_55_27_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°37′S</span> <span class="longitude">55°27′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.617°S 55.450°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.617; 55.450</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois Creole</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Minority language</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">Ethnic groups</a> <div class="ib-country-ethnic"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">97% <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole_people" title="Seychellois Creole people">Seychellois Creoles</a> (94% of <a href="/wiki/African_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="African peoples">African</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French</a> origins and 3% of <a href="/wiki/Malagasy_peoples" title="Malagasy peoples">Malagasy</a> origins)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> 3% others<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"> (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-2022Census_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2022Census-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="white-space:nowrap;">74.9% <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">5.4% <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Seychelles" title="Hinduism in Seychelles">Hinduism</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">2.4% <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Seychelles" title="Islam in Seychelles">Islam</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">5.1% others</li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">12.2% unanswered</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Seychellois</li><li>Seychelloise</li><li>Seselwa <span style="font-size:85%;">(Creole)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Seychelles" title="Politics of Seychelles">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Unitary <a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">presidential republic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/President_of_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Seychelles">President</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wavel_Ramkalawan" title="Wavel Ramkalawan">Wavel Ramkalawan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_Seychelles" title="Vice-President of Seychelles">Vice-President</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Afif" title="Ahmed Afif">Ahmed Afif</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Seychelles)" title="National Assembly (Seychelles)">National Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Independence <div class="ib-country-sovereignty">from the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Independence declared </div></th><td class="infobox-data">29 June 1976</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Seychelles" title="Geography of Seychelles">Area </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">457 km<sup>2</sup> (176 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">181st</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">negligible</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Seychelles" title="Demographics of Seychelles">Population</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2024 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">121,355<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">200th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">262.3/km<sup>2</sup> (679.4/sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">67th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $4.175 billion<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.SC_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.SC-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">177th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $41,828<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.SC_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.SC-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">49th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $2.085 billion<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.SC_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.SC-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">186th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $20,889<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.SC_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.SC-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">50th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2019)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">32.1<sup id="cite_ref-gini-index_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gini-index-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#707070">medium inequality</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.802<sup id="cite_ref-UNHDR_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">very high</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">67th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_rupee" title="Seychellois rupee">Seychellois rupee</a> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">SCR</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+04:00</span> (<a href="/wiki/Seychelles_Time" title="Seychelles Time">SCT</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Drives on</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Left</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Seychelles" title="Telephone numbers in Seychelles">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%2B248" class="mw-redirect" title="+248">+248</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:SC" title="ISO 3166-2:SC">SC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.sc" title=".sc">.sc</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Seychelles</b><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>(<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span></span>)/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/4f\/En-us-Seychelles.ogg\/En-us-Seychelles.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-Seychelles.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/En-us-Seychelles.ogg/En-us-Seychelles.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Seychelles.ogg" title="File:En-us-Seychelles.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>(<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span></span>)/</a></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[sɛʃɛl]</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="font-size:85%;">or</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[seʃɛl]</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), officially the <b>Republic of Seychelles</b> (French: <i lang="fr">République des Seychelles</i>; <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois Creole</a>: <span title="Seselwa Creole French-language text"><i lang="crs">Repiblik Sesel</i></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an <a href="/wiki/Island_country" title="Island country">island country</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archipelagic_state" title="Archipelagic state">archipelagic state</a> consisting of 155 islands (as per the Constitution) in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>. Its capital and largest city, <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Seychelles" title="Victoria, Seychelles">Victoria</a>, is 1,500 kilometres (800 nautical miles) east of mainland <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>. Nearby island countries and territories include the <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic" title="French Fifth Republic">French</a> <a href="/wiki/Overseas_departments_and_regions_of_France" title="Overseas departments and regions of France">overseas departments</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a> and <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a> to the south; and the <a href="/wiki/Chagos_Archipelago" title="Chagos Archipelago">Chagos Archipelago</a> to the east. Seychelles is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_African_countries_by_area" title="List of African countries by area">smallest country in Africa</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_African_countries_by_population" title="List of African countries by population">least populated sovereign African country</a>, with an estimated population of 100,600 in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-World_Bank_Open_Data_v619_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Bank_Open_Data_v619-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seychelles was uninhabited prior to being encountered by Europeans in the 16th century. It faced competing French and British interests until it came under full British control in the late 18th century. Since proclaiming independence from the United Kingdom in 1976, it has developed from a largely <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agricultural</a> society to a market-based diversified economy, characterised by <a href="/wiki/Service_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Service sector">service</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_sector" title="Public sector">public sector</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourism</a> activities. From 1976 to 2015, nominal <a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a> grew nearly 700%, and <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">purchasing power parity</a> nearly 1600%. Since the late 2010s, the government has taken steps to encourage <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/foreign_investment" class="extiw" title="wikt:foreign investment">foreign investment</a>. </p><p>As of the early 21st century, Seychelles has the highest <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">nominal per capita GDP</a> of any <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">African</a> nation. It has the highest <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> ranking of any African country.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 2023 <a href="/wiki/V-Dem_Democracy_indices" class="mw-redirect" title="V-Dem Democracy indices">V-Dem Democracy indices</a>, Seychelles is the 43rd-ranked electoral democracy worldwide and 1st-ranked <a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Africa" title="Democracy in Africa">electoral democracy in Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vdem_dataset_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vdem_dataset-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seychellois culture and society is an eclectic mix of French, British, and African influences, with infusions of Chinese and Indian elements. The country is a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, the <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Southern African Development Community">Southern African Development Community</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Seychelles" title="History of Seychelles">History of Seychelles</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gama_armada_of_1502_(Livro_de_Lisuarte_de_Abreu).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gama_armada_of_1502_%28Livro_de_Lisuarte_de_Abreu%29.jpg/220px-Gama_armada_of_1502_%28Livro_de_Lisuarte_de_Abreu%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gama_armada_of_1502_%28Livro_de_Lisuarte_de_Abreu%29.jpg/330px-Gama_armada_of_1502_%28Livro_de_Lisuarte_de_Abreu%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gama_armada_of_1502_%28Livro_de_Lisuarte_de_Abreu%29.jpg/440px-Gama_armada_of_1502_%28Livro_de_Lisuarte_de_Abreu%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="457" /></a><figcaption>The first Europeans to discover the Seychelles were the <a href="/wiki/4th_Portuguese_India_Armada_(Gama,_1502)" title="4th Portuguese India Armada (Gama, 1502)">4th Portuguese India Armada</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Vasco_da_Gama" title="Vasco da Gama">Vasco da Gama</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Seychelles was uninhabited until the 18th century when Europeans arrived with Indians, and <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_Africa" title="Slavery in Africa">enslaved Africans</a>. It remained a British colony from 1814 until its independence in 1976. Seychelles has never been inhabited by <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous people">indigenous people</a>, but its islanders maintain their own <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole_people" title="Seychellois Creole people">Creole heritage</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seychelles was uninhabited throughout most of recorded history, although simulations of <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian</a> migration patterns indicate a good probability that Asians visited the islands.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tombs visible until 1910 at Anse Lascars on Silhouette Island have been conjectured to belong to later <a href="/wiki/Maldivians" title="Maldivians">Maldivian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arab</a> traders visiting the archipelago.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vasco_da_Gama" title="Vasco da Gama">Vasco da Gama</a> and his <a href="/wiki/4th_Portuguese_India_Armada_(Gama,_1502)" title="4th Portuguese India Armada (Gama, 1502)">4th Portuguese India Armada</a> discovered the Seychelles on 15 March 1503; the first sighting was made by <a href="/wiki/Thom%C3%A9_Lopes" title="Thomé Lopes">Thomé Lopes</a> aboard <i>Rui Mendes de Brito</i>. Da Gama's ships passed close to an elevated island, probably <a href="/wiki/Silhouette_Island" title="Silhouette Island">Silhouette Island</a>, and the following day <a href="/wiki/Desroches_Island" title="Desroches Island">Desroches Island</a>. Later, the Portuguese mapped a group of seven islands and named them <i>The Seven Sisters.</i><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest recorded landing was in January 1609, by the crew of the <i>Ascension</i> under Captain <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Sharpeigh" title="Alexander Sharpeigh">Alexander Sharpeigh</a> during the fourth voyage of the British <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a>. </p><p>A transit point for trade between Africa and Asia, the islands were said to be occasionally used by pirates until the French began to take control in 1756 when a Stone of Possession was laid on <a href="/wiki/Mah%C3%A9,_Seychelles" title="Mahé, Seychelles">Mahé</a> by Captain <a href="/wiki/Corneille_Nicholas_Morphey" title="Corneille Nicholas Morphey">Nicholas Morphey</a>. The islands were named after <a href="/wiki/Jean_Moreau_de_S%C3%A9chelles" title="Jean Moreau de Séchelles">Jean Moreau de Séchelles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Seychelles)" title="Minister of Finance (Seychelles)">Minister of Finance.</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 1770, the French ship <i>Thélémaque</i> under the command of Leblanc Lécore landed 28 people—15 white men and 13 enslaved men and women from Africa and India—on <a href="/wiki/Ste._Anne_Island" title="Ste. Anne Island">Ste. Anne Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The British frigate <i>Orpheus</i> commanded by Captain Henry Newcome arrived at Mahé on 16 May 1794, during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_First_Coalition" title="War of the First Coalition">War of the First Coalition</a>. Terms of capitulation were drawn up and on the next day, Seychelles was surrendered to the United Kingdom. Jean Baptiste Quéau de Quincy, the French administrator of Seychelles during the years of war with the United Kingdom, declined to resist when armed enemy warships arrived. Instead, he successfully negotiated the status of capitulation to Britain which gave the settlers a privileged position of neutrality. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:104px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seychelles_1953_coronation_stamp.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seychelles_1953_coronation_stamp.JPG/80px-Seychelles_1953_coronation_stamp.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seychelles_1953_coronation_stamp.JPG/120px-Seychelles_1953_coronation_stamp.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seychelles_1953_coronation_stamp.JPG/160px-Seychelles_1953_coronation_stamp.JPG 2x" data-file-width="383" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:156px;max-width:156px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:104px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen_Elizabeth_Seychelles_stamp_1977.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Queen_Elizabeth_Seychelles_stamp_1977.jpg/154px-Queen_Elizabeth_Seychelles_stamp_1977.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Queen_Elizabeth_Seychelles_stamp_1977.jpg/231px-Queen_Elizabeth_Seychelles_stamp_1977.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Queen_Elizabeth_Seychelles_stamp_1977.jpg/308px-Queen_Elizabeth_Seychelles_stamp_1977.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="244" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Seychellois stamps with portrait of <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a></div></div></div></div> <p>Britain eventually assumed full control upon the surrender of <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> in 1810, formalised in 1814 at the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Treaty of Paris (1814)">Treaty of Paris</a>. Seychelles became a <a href="/wiki/Crown_colony" title="Crown colony">crown colony</a> separate from Mauritius in 1903. <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Seychelles" title="Elections in Seychelles">Elections in Seychelles</a> were held in 1966 and 1970. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Victoria_Seychelles_1900s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Victoria_Seychelles_1900s.jpg/220px-Victoria_Seychelles_1900s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Victoria_Seychelles_1900s.jpg/330px-Victoria_Seychelles_1900s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Victoria_Seychelles_1900s.jpg/440px-Victoria_Seychelles_1900s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="463" /></a><figcaption>Victoria, Seychelles 1900s</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Independence">Independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1976, Seychelles gained independence from the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> as a republic. It has since become a member of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_Seychelles_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_Seychelles-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1970s Seychelles was "the place to be seen, a playground for film stars and the international jet set".<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1977, a <a href="/wiki/1977_Seychelles_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1977 Seychelles coup d'état">coup d'état</a> by <a href="/wiki/France_Albert_Ren%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="France Albert René">France Albert René</a> ousted the first president of the republic, <a href="/wiki/James_Mancham" title="James Mancham">James Mancham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-africanhistory.about.com_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-africanhistory.about.com-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> René discouraged over-dependence on tourism and declared that he wanted "to keep Seychelles for the Seychellois".<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1979 constitution declared a <a href="/wiki/One_party_rule_in_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="One party rule in Seychelles">socialist one-party state</a>, which lasted until 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1980s there were a series of coup attempts against President René, some of which were supported by South Africa. In 1981, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Hoare" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Hoare">Mike Hoare</a> led a team of 43 South African mercenaries masquerading as holidaying rugby players in the <a href="/wiki/1981_Seychelles_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1981 Seychelles coup d'état attempt">1981 Seychelles coup d'état attempt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was a gun battle at the airport, and most of the mercenaries later escaped in a hijacked <a href="/wiki/Air_India" title="Air India">Air India</a> plane.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The leader of this hijacking was German mercenary D. Clodo, a former member of the <a href="/wiki/Rhodesian_Special_Air_Service" title="Rhodesian Special Air Service">Rhodesian SAS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clodo later stood trial in South Africa (where he was acquitted) as well as in his home country Germany for air piracy.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, an attempted coup led by the Seychelles Minister of Defence, Ogilvy Berlouis, caused President René to request assistance from India. In <a href="/wiki/Operation_Flowers_are_Blooming" title="Operation Flowers are Blooming">Operation Flowers are Blooming</a>, the Indian Navy's <a href="/wiki/Nilgiri-class_frigate_(1972)" title="Nilgiri-class frigate (1972)"> Nilgiri-class frigate</a> <a href="/wiki/INS_Vindhyagiri_(F42)" title="INS Vindhyagiri (F42)"><i>Vindhyagiri</i></a> arrived in Port Victoria to help avert the coup.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first draft of a new constitution failed to receive the requisite 60% of voters in 1992, but an amended version was approved in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2012, during a conference at the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_Sustainable_Development" title="United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development">United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, a commitment was made by the Seychelles government to protect 30% of its 1.35 million square kilometre marine waters within the country's marine protected areas. </p><p>In January 2013, Seychelles declared a state of emergency when the tropical <a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Felleng" title="Cyclone Felleng">cyclone Felleng</a> caused torrential rain, and flooding and landslides destroyed hundreds of houses.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AL_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AL-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the coup in 1977, the president always represented the same political party until the October <a href="/wiki/2020_Seychellois_general_election" title="2020 Seychellois general election">2020 Seychellois general election</a>, which was historic in that the opposition party won. <a href="/wiki/Wavel_Ramkalawan" title="Wavel Ramkalawan">Wavel Ramkalawan</a> was the first president who did not represent United Seychelles (the current name of the former Seychelles People's Progressive Front).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2023, Seychelles announced its final stages of completing its marine spatial plan. It would become the second largest ocean area at 1.35 million km<sup>2</sup> (520,000 sq mi) behind <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, in support of its <a href="/wiki/Blue_economy" title="Blue economy">blue economy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Seychelles" title="Politics of Seychelles">Politics of Seychelles</a></div> <p>The Seychelles president, who is <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> and <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a>, is elected by popular vote for a five-year term of office. The cabinet is presided over and appointed by the president, subject to the approval of a majority of the legislature. As of 2023, the president is <a href="/wiki/Wavel_Ramkalawan" title="Wavel Ramkalawan">Wavel Ramkalawan</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Unicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicameral">unicameral</a> Seychellois parliament, the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Seychelles)" title="National Assembly (Seychelles)">National Assembly</a> or <i>Assemblée Nationale</i>, consists of 35 members, 26 of whom are elected directly by popular vote, while the remaining nine seats are appointed proportionally according to the percentage of votes received by each party. All members serve five-year terms. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Seychelles" title="Supreme Court of Seychelles">Supreme Court of Seychelles</a>, created in 1903, is the highest trial court in Seychelles and the first court of appeal from all the lower courts and tribunals. The highest court of law in Seychelles is the Seychelles Court of Appeal, which is the court of final appeal in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_culture">Political culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Political culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Michel_in_meeting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/James_Michel_in_meeting.jpg/220px-James_Michel_in_meeting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/James_Michel_in_meeting.jpg/330px-James_Michel_in_meeting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/James_Michel_in_meeting.jpg/440px-James_Michel_in_meeting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1648" data-file-height="1276" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/James_Michel" title="James Michel">James Michel</a> in his office in <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Seychelles" title="Victoria, Seychelles">Victoria</a>, 2009</figcaption></figure> <p>Seychelles' long-term president <a href="/wiki/France-Albert_Ren%C3%A9" title="France-Albert René">France-Albert René</a> came to power after his supporters overthrew the first president <a href="/wiki/James_Mancham" title="James Mancham">James Mancham</a> on 5 June 1977 in a <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> and installed him as president. René was at that time the prime minister. René ruled as a <a href="/wiki/Strongman_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strongman (politics)">strongman</a> under a <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> <a href="/wiki/One-party_system" class="mw-redirect" title="One-party system">one-party system</a> until 1993, when he was forced to introduce a multi-party system. He stepped down in 2004 in favour of his vice-president, <a href="/wiki/James_Michel" title="James Michel">James Michel</a>, who was re-elected in <a href="/wiki/2006_Seychellois_presidential_election" title="2006 Seychellois presidential election">2006</a>, <a href="/wiki/2011_Seychellois_presidential_election" title="2011 Seychellois presidential election">2011</a> and again in <a href="/wiki/2015_Seychellois_presidential_election" title="2015 Seychellois presidential election">2015</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Seychelles_Nation_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Seychelles_Nation-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Agence_France-Presse_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agence_France-Presse-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 September 2016, the Office of the President announced that Michel would step down effective 16 October, and that Vice President <a href="/wiki/Danny_Faure" title="Danny Faure">Danny Faure</a> would complete the rest of Michel's term.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 October 2020, <a href="/wiki/Wavel_Ramkalawan" title="Wavel Ramkalawan">Wavel Ramkalawan</a>, a 59-year-old Anglican priest, was elected the fifth President of the Republic of Seychelles. Ramkalawan was an opposition MP from 1993 to 2011, and from 2016 to 2020. He served as the <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Seychelles)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Seychelles)">Leader of the Opposition</a> from 1998 to 2011 and from 2016 to 2020. Ramkalawan defeated incumbent Danny Faure by 54.9% to 43.5%. This marked the first time the opposition had won a presidential election.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The primary political parties are the former long-time ruling socialist <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Seychelles)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Party (Seychelles)">People's Party</a> (PP), known until 2009 as the Seychelles People's Progressive Front (SPPF) now called <a href="/wiki/United_Seychelles" title="United Seychelles">United Seychelles</a> (US), and the <a href="/wiki/Social_liberalism" title="Social liberalism">socially liberal</a> <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_National_Party" title="Seychelles National Party">Seychelles National Party</a> (SNP).<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2020_Seychellois_general_election" title="2020 Seychellois general election">election</a> of the National Assembly was held on 22–24 October 2020. The Seychelles National Party, the Seychelles Party for Social Justice and Democracy and the Seychelles United Party formed a coalition, <a href="/wiki/Linyon_Demokratik_Seselwa" title="Linyon Demokratik Seselwa">Linyon Demokratik Seselwa</a> (LDS). LDS won 25 seats and US got 10 seats of the 35 seats of the National Assembly.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_relations">Foreign relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Foreign relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Seychelles" title="Foreign relations of Seychelles">Foreign relations of Seychelles</a></div> <p>Seychelles is a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, the <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Commission" title="Indian Ocean Commission">Indian Ocean Commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Francophonie" class="mw-redirect" title="La Francophonie">La Francophonie</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Southern African Development Community">Southern African Development Community</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a>. </p><p>Between 1979 and 1983, various plots to overthrow the non-aligned government of France-Albert Rene were, according to leading participants, supported by the United States, France, and South Africa. Commonly cited reasons for such attempts include Rene's socialist politics, his non-aligned stance toward the Western and Eastern Blocs, and the United States' military lease in the country, which was set to expire in 1990. All coup efforts in this period failed.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the Obama administration, the US began running drone operations out of Seychelles.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Spring of 2013, members of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Purpose_Marine_Air-Ground_Task_Force_%E2%80%93_Crisis_Response_%E2%80%93_Africa" title="Special Purpose Marine Air-Ground Task Force – Crisis Response – Africa">Special-Purpose Marine Air-Ground Task Force Africa</a> mentored troops in Seychelles, along with a variety of other African nations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military">Military</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_People%27s_Defence_Force" title="Seychelles People's Defence Force">Seychelles People's Defence Force</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Seychelles">Military of Seychelles</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_People%27s_Defence_Force" title="Seychelles People's Defence Force">Seychelles People's Defence Force</a> which consists of a number of distinct branches: an Infantry Unit and Coast Guard, Air Force and a Presidential Protection Unit. India has played and continues to play a key role in developing the military of Seychelles. After handing over two <a href="/wiki/Trinkat-class_patrol_vessel" title="Trinkat-class patrol vessel">SDB Mk5 patrol vessels</a> built by <a href="/wiki/GRSE" class="mw-redirect" title="GRSE">GRSE</a>, the INS <i>Tarasa</i> and INS <i>Tarmugli</i>, to the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_Coast_Guard" title="Seychelles Coast Guard">Seychelles Coast Guard</a>, which were subsequently renamed <a href="/wiki/PS_Constant" title="PS Constant">PS <i>Constant</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/PS_Topaz" title="PS Topaz">PS <i>Topaz</i></a>, India also gifted a <a href="/wiki/Dornier_228" title="Dornier 228">Dornier 228</a> aircraft built by <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Aeronautics_Limited" title="Hindustan Aeronautics Limited">Hindustan Aeronautics Limited</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India also signed a pact to develop <a href="/wiki/Assumption_Island" title="Assumption Island">Assumption Island</a>. Spread over 11 km<sup>2</sup> (4 sq mi), it is strategically located in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>, north of <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>. The island is being leased for the development of strategic assets by India.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, Seychelles signed the UN <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons">treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incarceration">Incarceration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Incarceration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_incarceration_rate" title="List of countries by incarceration rate">List of countries by incarceration rate</a></div> <p>In 2014, Seychelles had the highest incarceration rate in the world of 799 prisoners per 100,000 population, exceeding the United States' rate by 15%.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the country's actual population was less than 100,000; as of September 2014, Seychelles had 735 actual prisoners, 6% of whom were female and were incarcerated in three prisons.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The incarceration rate in Seychelles has since dropped significantly. It is no longer among the top ten countries with the highest rate of incarceration. In 2022, the incarceration rate was 287 per 100,000 population, being just the 31st highest in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_piracy">Modern piracy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Modern piracy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seychelles is a key participant in the fight against Indian Ocean <a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">piracy</a> primarily committed by <a href="/wiki/Piracy_off_the_coast_of_Somalia#Effects_and_perceptions" title="Piracy off the coast of Somalia">Somali pirates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wc_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wc-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former president <a href="/wiki/James_Michel" title="James Michel">James Michel</a> said that piracy costs between $7 million – $12 million a year to the international community: "The pirates cost 4% of the Seychelles <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a>, including direct and indirect costs for the loss of boats, fishing, and tourism, and the indirect investment for the maritime security." These are factors affecting local fishing – one of the country's main national resources – which had a 46% loss in 2008–2009.<sup id="cite_ref-wc_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wc-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> International contributions of patrol boats, planes or drones have been provided to help Seychelles combat sea piracy.<sup id="cite_ref-wc_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wc-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Seychelles" title="Districts of Seychelles">Districts of Seychelles</a></div> <p>Seychelles is divided into twenty-six administrative regions comprising all of the inner islands. Eight of the districts make up the capital of Seychelles and are referred to as Greater <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Seychelles" title="Victoria, Seychelles">Victoria</a>. Another 14 districts are considered the rural part of the main island of <a href="/wiki/Mah%C3%A9,_Seychelles" title="Mahé, Seychelles">Mahé</a>. Two more districts divide the island of <a href="/wiki/Praslin" title="Praslin">Praslin</a> and one covers <a href="/wiki/La_Digue" title="La Digue">La Digue</a> as well as satellite and other <a href="/wiki/Granitic_Seychelles" title="Granitic Seychelles">Inner Islands</a>. The rest of the <a href="/wiki/Outer_Islands_(Seychelles)" title="Outer Islands (Seychelles)">Outer Islands</a> (<i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Îles Eloignées</i></span></i>) make up the last district recently created by the tourism ministry. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <p><b>Greater Victoria</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bel_Air,_Seychelles" title="Bel Air, Seychelles">Bel Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Rivi%C3%A8re_Anglaise" class="mw-redirect" title="La Rivière Anglaise">La Rivière Anglaise</a> (<i>English River</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Mamelles" title="Les Mamelles">Les Mamelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mont_Buxton" title="Mont Buxton">Mont Buxton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mont_Fleuri" title="Mont Fleuri">Mont Fleuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaisance,_Seychelles" title="Plaisance, Seychelles">Plaisance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roche_Caiman" title="Roche Caiman">Roche Caiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis,_Seychelles" title="Saint Louis, Seychelles">Saint Louis</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <p><b>Rural Mahé</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anse_aux_Pins" title="Anse aux Pins">Anse aux Pins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anse_Boileau" title="Anse Boileau">Anse Boileau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anse_Etoile" title="Anse Etoile">Anse Etoile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au_Cap" title="Au Cap">Au Cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anse_Royale" title="Anse Royale">Anse Royale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baie_Lazare" title="Baie Lazare">Baie Lazare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beau_Vallon,_Seychelles" title="Beau Vallon, Seychelles">Beau Vallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel_Ombre,_Seychelles" title="Bel Ombre, Seychelles">Bel Ombre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade,_Seychelles" title="Cascade, Seychelles">Cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glacis,_Seychelles" title="Glacis, Seychelles">Glacis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand%27Anse_Mah%C3%A9" title="Grand'Anse Mahé">Grand'Anse Mahé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointe_La_Rue" title="Pointe La Rue">Pointe La Rue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Glaud" title="Port Glaud">Port Glaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takamaka,_Seychelles" title="Takamaka, Seychelles">Takamaka</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <p><b>Praslin</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baie_Sainte_Anne" class="mw-redirect" title="Baie Sainte Anne">Baie Sainte Anne</a> (Anse Volbert)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand%27Anse_Praslin" title="Grand'Anse Praslin">Grand'Anse Praslin</a> (Grande Anse)</li></ul> <p><b>La Digue and remaining Inner Islands</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Digue" title="La Digue">La Digue</a> (Anse Réunion)</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Seychelles" title="Geography of Seychelles">Geography of Seychelles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Seychelles" title="Geology of Seychelles">Geology of Seychelles</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Seychelles" title="Special:EditPage/Seychelles">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praslin_vom_Nid_d%27Aigle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Praslin_vom_Nid_d%27Aigle.jpg/800px-Praslin_vom_Nid_d%27Aigle.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Praslin_vom_Nid_d%27Aigle.jpg/1200px-Praslin_vom_Nid_d%27Aigle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Praslin_vom_Nid_d%27Aigle.jpg/1600px-Praslin_vom_Nid_d%27Aigle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="1692" /></a><figcaption>View of <a href="/wiki/Praslin" title="Praslin">Praslin</a>, the second largest island of Seychelles</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Se-map.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Se-map.gif/280px-Se-map.gif" decoding="async" width="280" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Se-map.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="328" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>Map of Seychelles</figcaption></figure> <p>An island nation, Seychelles is located in the <a href="/wiki/Somali_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Somali Sea">Somali Sea</a> segment of the Indian Ocean, northeast of <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> and about 1,600 km (860 nmi) east of <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>. The Constitution of Seychelles lists 155 named islands,<sup id="cite_ref-Constitution_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Constitution-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a further 7 reclaimed islands have been created subsequent to the publication of the Constitution. The majority of the islands are uninhabited, with many dedicated as nature reserves. Seychelles' largest island, <a href="/wiki/Mah%C3%A9,_Seychelles" title="Mahé, Seychelles">Mahé</a>, is located 1,550 km (835 nmi) from <a href="/wiki/Mogadishu" title="Mogadishu">Mogadishu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>'s capital).<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A group of 44 islands (42 granitic and 2 coralline) occupy the shallow waters of the Seychelles Bank and are collectively referred to as the inner islands. They have a total area of 244 km<sup>2</sup> (94 sq mi), accounting for 54% of the total land area of the Seychelles and 98% of the entire population. </p><p>The islands have been divided into groups. There are 42 granitic islands known as the <a href="/wiki/Granitic_Seychelles" title="Granitic Seychelles">Granitic Seychelles</a>. These are in descending order of size: <a href="/wiki/Mah%C3%A9_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahé Island">Mahé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Praslin" title="Praslin">Praslin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silhouette_Island" title="Silhouette Island">Silhouette</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Digue" title="La Digue">La Digue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curieuse_Island" title="Curieuse Island">Curieuse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Felicite_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Felicite Island">Félicité</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fregate_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Fregate Island">Frégate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ste._Anne_Island" title="Ste. Anne Island">Ste. Anne</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Island,_Seychelles" title="North Island, Seychelles">North</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cerf_Island" title="Cerf Island">Cerf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marianne_Island" title="Marianne Island">Marianne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_S%C5%93ur_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Sœur Island">Grand Sœur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Island" title="Thérèse Island">Thérèse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aride_Island" title="Aride Island">Aride</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conception_Island,_Seychelles" title="Conception Island, Seychelles">Conception</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petite_S%C5%93ur_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Petite Sœur Island">Petite Sœur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cousin_Island" title="Cousin Island">Cousin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cousine_Island" title="Cousine Island">Cousine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long_Island,_Seychelles" title="Long Island, Seychelles">Long</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A9cif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Récif (page does not exist)">Récif</a>, <a href="/wiki/Round_Island,_Praslin" title="Round Island, Praslin">Round (Praslin)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anonyme_Island" title="Anonyme Island">Anonyme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mamelles_Island" title="Mamelles Island">Mamelles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moyenne_Island" title="Moyenne Island">Moyenne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ile_aux_Vaches_Marines" class="mw-redirect" title="Ile aux Vaches Marines">Ile aux Vaches Marines</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%27Islette" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Islette">L'Islette</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8che_Island" title="Sèche Island">Beacon (Ile Sèche)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cach%C3%A9e_Island" title="Cachée Island">Cachée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cocos_Island" title="Cocos Island">Cocos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Round_Island,_Mah%C3%A9" title="Round Island, Mahé">Round (Mahé)</a>, L'Ilot Frégate, Booby, Chauve Souris (Mahé), Chauve Souris (Praslin), Ile La Fouche, <a href="/wiki/Hodoul_Island" title="Hodoul Island">Hodoul</a>, L'Ilot, Rat, Souris, St. Pierre (Praslin), Zavé, Harrison Rocks (Grand Rocher). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anse_Source_d%27Argent_2-La_Digue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Anse_Source_d%27Argent_2-La_Digue.jpg/220px-Anse_Source_d%27Argent_2-La_Digue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Anse_Source_d%27Argent_2-La_Digue.jpg/330px-Anse_Source_d%27Argent_2-La_Digue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Anse_Source_d%27Argent_2-La_Digue.jpg/440px-Anse_Source_d%27Argent_2-La_Digue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1435" /></a><figcaption>Beach of Anse Source d'Argent on the island of <a href="/wiki/La_Digue" title="La Digue">La Digue</a></figcaption></figure> <p>There are two coral sand <a href="/wiki/Cay" title="Cay">cays</a> north of the granitics on the edge of the Seychelles Bank: <a href="/wiki/Denis_Island" title="Denis Island">Denis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bird_Island,_Seychelles" title="Bird Island, Seychelles">Bird</a>. There are two <a href="/wiki/Coral_island" title="Coral island">coral islands</a> south of the Granitic: <a href="/wiki/Co%C3%ABtivy_Island" title="Coëtivy Island">Coëtivy</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Platte" title="Île Platte">Platte</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anse_Lazio_beach_Praslin_Seychelles.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Anse_Lazio_beach_Praslin_Seychelles.jpg/220px-Anse_Lazio_beach_Praslin_Seychelles.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Anse_Lazio_beach_Praslin_Seychelles.jpg/330px-Anse_Lazio_beach_Praslin_Seychelles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Anse_Lazio_beach_Praslin_Seychelles.jpg/440px-Anse_Lazio_beach_Praslin_Seychelles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Beach of <a href="/wiki/Anse_Lazio" title="Anse Lazio">Anse Lazio</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/Praslin" title="Praslin">Praslin</a></figcaption></figure> <p>There are 29 coral islands in the <a href="/wiki/Amirantes" class="mw-redirect" title="Amirantes">Amirantes group</a>, west of the granitic: <a href="/wiki/Desroches" class="mw-redirect" title="Desroches">Desroches</a>, Poivre Atoll (comprising three islands—Poivre, Florentin and South Island), Alphonse, D'Arros, St. Joseph Atoll (comprising 14 islands—St. Joseph, Île aux Fouquets, Resource, Petit Carcassaye, Grand Carcassaye, Benjamin, Bancs Ferrari, Chiens, Pélicans, Vars, Île Paul, Banc de Sable, Banc aux Cocos and Île aux Poules), Marie Louise, Desnœufs, African Banks (comprising two islands—African Banks and South Island), Rémire, St. François, Boudeuse, Étoile, Bijoutier. </p><p>There are 13 coral islands in the <a href="/wiki/Farquhar_Group" title="Farquhar Group">Farquhar Group</a>, south-southwest of the Amirantes: <a href="/wiki/Farquhar_Atoll" title="Farquhar Atoll">Farquhar Atoll</a> (comprising 10 islands—Bancs de Sable, Déposés, Île aux Goëlettes, Lapins, Île du Milieu, North Manaha, South Manaha, Middle Manaha, North Island and South Island), Providence Atoll (comprising two islands—Providence and Bancs Providence) and St Pierre. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seychelles_017.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Seychelles_017.JPG/220px-Seychelles_017.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Seychelles_017.JPG/330px-Seychelles_017.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Seychelles_017.JPG/440px-Seychelles_017.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Mahé Island</figcaption></figure> <p>There are 67 <a href="/wiki/Raised_coral_atoll" title="Raised coral atoll">raised coral islands</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Aldabra_Group" title="Aldabra Group">Aldabra Group</a>, west of the Farquhar Group: <a href="/wiki/Aldabra_Atoll" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldabra Atoll">Aldabra Atoll</a> (comprising 46 islands—Grande Terre, Picard, Polymnie, Malabar, Île Michel, Île Esprit, Île aux Moustiques, Ilot Parc, Ilot Émile, Ilot Yangue, Ilot Magnan, Île Lanier, Champignon des Os, Euphrate, Grand Mentor, Grand Ilot, Gros Ilot Gionnet, Gros Ilot Sésame, Héron Rock, Hide Island, Île aux Aigrettes, Île aux Cèdres, Îles Chalands, Île Fangame, Île Héron, Île Michel, Île Squacco, Île Sylvestre, Île Verte, Ilot Déder, Ilot du Sud, Ilot du Milieu, Ilot du Nord, Ilot Dubois, Ilot Macoa, Ilot Marquoix, Ilots Niçois, Ilot Salade, Middle Row Island, Noddy Rock, North Row Island, Petit Mentor, Petit Mentor Endans, Petits Ilots, Pink Rock and Table Ronde), <a href="/wiki/Assumption_Island" title="Assumption Island">Assumption Island</a>, Astove and <a href="/wiki/Cosmoledo_Atoll" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmoledo Atoll">Cosmoledo Atoll</a> (comprising 19 islands—Menai, Île du Nord (West North), Île Nord-Est (East North), Île du Trou, Goélettes, Grand Polyte, Petit Polyte, Grand Île (Wizard), Pagode, Île du Sud-Ouest (South), Île aux Moustiques, Île Baleine, Île aux Chauve-Souris, Île aux Macaques, Île aux Rats, Île du Nord-Ouest, Île Observation, Île Sud-Est and Ilot la Croix). </p><p>In addition to these 155 islands, as per the Constitution of Seychelles, there are 7 reclaimed islands: Ile Perseverance, Ile Aurore, <a href="/wiki/Romainville_Island,_Seychelles" title="Romainville Island, Seychelles">Romainville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eden_Island,_Seychelles" title="Eden Island, Seychelles">Eden Island</a>, Eve, Ile du Port and Ile Soleil. </p><p>South Island, African Banks has been eroded by the sea. At St Joseph Atoll, Banc de Sable and Pelican Island have also eroded, while Grand Carcassaye and Petit Carcassaye have merged to form one island. There are also several unnamed islands at Aldabra, St Joseph Atoll and Cosmoledo. Pti Astove, though named, failed to make it into the Constitution for unknown reasons. Bancs Providence is not a single island, but a dynamic group of islands, comprising four large and about six very small islets in 2016. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The climate is very humid, as the islands are small,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is classified by the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen-Geiger_climate_classification_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Köppen-Geiger climate classification system">Köppen-Geiger system</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest_climate" title="Tropical rainforest climate">tropical rain forest</a> (<i>Af</i>). The temperature varies little throughout the year. Temperatures on Mahé vary from 24 to 30 °C (75 to 86 °F), and rainfall ranges from 2,900 mm (114 in) annually at <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Seychelles" title="Victoria, Seychelles">Victoria</a> to 3,600 mm (142 in) on the mountain slopes. <a href="/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">Precipitation</a> levels are somewhat less on the other islands.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the coolest months, July and August, the average low is about 24 °C (75 °F). The southeast trade winds blow regularly from May to November, and this is the most pleasant time of the year. The hot months are from December to April, with higher humidity (80%). March and April are the hottest months, but the temperature seldom exceeds 31 °C (88 °F). Most of the islands lie outside the cyclone belt, so high winds are rare.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Victoria (<a href="/wiki/Seychelles_International_Airport" title="Seychelles International Airport">Seychelles International Airport</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.8<br />(85.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4<br />(86.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(84.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(84.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6<br />(85.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.8<br />(85.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.0<br />(82.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.4<br />(79.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">379<br />(14.9) </td> <td style="background: #005100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">262<br />(10.3) </td> <td style="background: #06FF06; color:#000000;" class="notheme">167<br />(6.6) </td> <td style="background: #00ED00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">177<br />(7.0) </td> <td style="background: #46FF46; color:#000000;" class="notheme">124<br />(4.9) </td> <td style="background: #9DFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97<br />(3.8) </td> <td style="background: #44FF44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">121<br />(4.8) </td> <td style="background: #00CB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">206<br />(8.1) </td> <td style="background: #00B200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">215<br />(8.5) </td> <td style="background: #005B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">281<br />(11.1) </td> <td style="background: #00EB00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,172<br />(85.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #4C4CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #4C4CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #2020FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">149 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000C4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000C4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82 </td> <td style="background: #0000CC; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">79.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #C5C504; color:#000000;" class="notheme">153.3 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">175.5 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">210.5 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">227.8 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252.8 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">232.0 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">230.5 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">230.7 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">227.7 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220.7 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195.7 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">170.5 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,527.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: World Meteorological Organization<sup id="cite_ref-WMO_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMO-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wildlife">Wildlife</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Wildlife"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Seychelles" title="Wildlife of Seychelles">Wildlife of Seychelles</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:115px;max-width:115px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:219px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seychelles_Paradise-flycatcher.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seychelles_Paradise-flycatcher.jpg/113px-Seychelles_Paradise-flycatcher.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seychelles_Paradise-flycatcher.jpg/170px-Seychelles_Paradise-flycatcher.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seychelles_Paradise-flycatcher.jpg/226px-Seychelles_Paradise-flycatcher.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:173px;max-width:173px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:219px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bird_flocks_Bird_Island_Seychelles.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bird_flocks_Bird_Island_Seychelles.jpg/171px-Bird_flocks_Bird_Island_Seychelles.jpg" decoding="async" width="171" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bird_flocks_Bird_Island_Seychelles.jpg/257px-Bird_flocks_Bird_Island_Seychelles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bird_flocks_Bird_Island_Seychelles.jpg/342px-Bird_flocks_Bird_Island_Seychelles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2179" data-file-height="2792" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Left: <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_paradise_flycatcher" title="Seychelles paradise flycatcher">Seychelles paradise flycatcher</a>; right: bird flocks on <a href="/wiki/Bird_Island,_Seychelles" title="Bird Island, Seychelles">Bird Island, Seychelles</a></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aldabra_Female_on_Curieuse.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Aldabra_Female_on_Curieuse.JPG/170px-Aldabra_Female_on_Curieuse.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Aldabra_Female_on_Curieuse.JPG/255px-Aldabra_Female_on_Curieuse.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Aldabra_Female_on_Curieuse.JPG/340px-Aldabra_Female_on_Curieuse.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3467" data-file-height="3751" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Aldabra_giant_tortoise" title="Aldabra giant tortoise">Aldabra giant tortoise</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Seychelles is among the world's leading countries to protect lands for <a href="/wiki/Threatened_species" title="Threatened species">threatened species</a>, allocating 42% of its territory for <a href="/wiki/Conservation_(ethic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation (ethic)">conservation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like many fragile island ecosystems, Seychelles saw the <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_loss" title="Biodiversity loss">loss of biodiversity</a> when humans first settled in the area, including the disappearance of most of the <a href="/wiki/Aldabrachelys" title="Aldabrachelys">giant tortoises</a> from the granitic islands, the felling of coastal and mid-level forests, and the extinction of species such as the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_chestnut-flanked_white-eye" class="mw-redirect" title="Seychelles chestnut-flanked white-eye">chestnut flanked white eye</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_parakeet" title="Seychelles parakeet">Seychelles parakeet</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Saltwater_crocodile" title="Saltwater crocodile">saltwater crocodile</a>. However, extinctions were far fewer than on islands such as <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, partly due to a shorter period of human occupation. Seychelles today is known for success stories in protecting its flora and fauna. The rare <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_black_parrot" title="Seychelles black parrot">Seychelles black parrot</a>, the national bird of the country, is now protected. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Freshwater_crab" title="Freshwater crab">freshwater crab</a> genus <i><a href="/wiki/Seychellum" title="Seychellum">Seychellum</a></i> is endemic to the granitic Seychelles, and a further 26 species of crabs and five species of <a href="/wiki/Hermit_crab" title="Hermit crab">hermit crabs</a> live on the islands.<sup id="cite_ref-Haig_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haig-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the year 1500 until the mid-1800s (approximately), the then-previously unknown <a href="/wiki/Aldabra_giant_tortoise" title="Aldabra giant tortoise">Aldabra giant tortoise</a> was killed for food by pirates and sailors, driving their numbers to near-extinction levels. Today, a healthy yet fragile population of 150,000 tortoises live solely on the atoll of Aldabra, declared a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, these ancient reptiles can further be found in numerous zoos, botanical gardens, and private collections internationally. Their protection from poaching and smuggling is overseen by <a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">CITES</a>, whilst <a href="/wiki/Captive_breeding" title="Captive breeding">captive breeding</a> has greatly reduced the negative impact on the remaining wild populations. The granitic islands of Seychelles supports three extant species of <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_giant_tortoise" title="Seychelles giant tortoise">Seychelles giant tortoise</a>. </p><p>Seychelles hosts some of the largest <a href="/wiki/Bird_colony" title="Bird colony">seabird colonies</a> in the world, notably on the outer islands of Aldabra and Cosmoledo. In <a href="/wiki/Granitic_Seychelles" title="Granitic Seychelles">granitic Seychelles</a> the largest colonies are on <a href="/wiki/Aride_Island" title="Aride Island">Aride Island</a> including the world's largest numbers of two species. The <a href="/wiki/Sooty_tern" title="Sooty tern">sooty tern</a> also breeds on the islands. Other common birds include <a href="/wiki/Cattle_egret" title="Cattle egret">cattle egret</a> (<i>Bubulcus ibis</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Fairy_tern" title="Fairy tern">fairy tern</a> (<i>Gygis alba</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than 1,000 species of fish have been recorded.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The granitic islands of Seychelles are home to roughly 268 <a href="/wiki/Angiosperms" class="mw-redirect" title="Angiosperms">flowering plant</a> species, of which 70 (28%) are endemic.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Particularly well known is the <a href="/wiki/Coco_de_mer" class="mw-redirect" title="Coco de mer">coco de mer</a>, a species of palm that grows only on the islands of <a href="/wiki/Praslin" title="Praslin">Praslin</a> and neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Curieuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Curieuse">Curieuse</a>. Sometimes nicknamed the "love nut" (the shape of its "double" coconut resembles buttocks), the coco-de-mer produces the world's heaviest seed. The <a href="/wiki/Jellyfish_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Jellyfish tree">jellyfish tree</a> is to be found in only a few locations on Mahé. This strange and ancient plant, in a genus of its own, <i><a href="/wiki/Medusagyne" title="Medusagyne">Medusagyne</a></i> seems to reproduce only in cultivation and not in the wild. Other unique plant species include Wright's gardenia (<i><a href="/wiki/Rothmannia_annae" title="Rothmannia annae">Rothmannia annae</a></i>), found only on <a href="/wiki/Aride_Island" title="Aride Island">Aride Island</a>’s Special Reserve. There are several unique species of orchid on the islands. Famous botanist Dr. Herb Herbertson was known for his love of the islands unique orchid varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seychelles is home to two terrestrial ecoregions: <a href="/wiki/Granitic_Seychelles_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Granitic Seychelles forests">Granitic Seychelles forests</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aldabra_Island_xeric_scrub" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldabra Island xeric scrub">Aldabra Island xeric scrub</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DinersteinOlson2017_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DinersteinOlson2017-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The country had a 2019 <a href="/wiki/Forest_Landscape_Integrity_Index" title="Forest Landscape Integrity Index">Forest Landscape Integrity Index</a> mean score of 10/10, ranking it first globally out of 172 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-FLII-Supplementary_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FLII-Supplementary-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_issues">Environmental issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Environmental issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the use of <a href="/wiki/Speargun" title="Speargun">spearguns</a> and dynamite for fishing was banned through efforts of local conservationists in the 1960s, the wildlife is unafraid of <a href="/wiki/Snorkeling" title="Snorkeling">snorkelers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scuba_diving" title="Scuba diving">divers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Coral_bleaching" title="Coral bleaching">Coral bleaching</a> in 1998 has damaged most reefs, but some reefs show healthy recovery (such as <a href="/wiki/Silhouette_Island" title="Silhouette Island">Silhouette Island</a>). </p><p>Despite huge disparities across nations,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Seychelles claims to have achieved nearly all of its <a href="/wiki/Millennium_Development_Goals" title="Millennium Development Goals">Millennium Development Goals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 17 MDGS and 169 targets have been achieved.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Environmental protection is becoming a cultural value.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Their government's <i>Seychelles Climate Guide</i> describes the nation's climate as rainy, with a dry season with an ocean economy in the ocean regions. The Southeast Trades is on the decline but still fairly strong.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reportedly, weather patterns there are becoming less predictable.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Seychelles" title="Demographics of Seychelles">Demographics of Seychelles</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Indo-Seychellois" title="Indo-Seychellois">Indo-Seychellois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sino-Seychellois" title="Sino-Seychellois">Sino-Seychellois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole_people" title="Seychellois Creole people">Seychellois Creole people</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois Creole</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Franco-Seychellois" title="Franco-Seychellois">Franco-Seychellois</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seychelles-Mah%C3%A9-victoria-kevin-gepford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seychelles-Mah%C3%A9-victoria-kevin-gepford.jpg/280px-Seychelles-Mah%C3%A9-victoria-kevin-gepford.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seychelles-Mah%C3%A9-victoria-kevin-gepford.jpg/420px-Seychelles-Mah%C3%A9-victoria-kevin-gepford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seychelles-Mah%C3%A9-victoria-kevin-gepford.jpg/560px-Seychelles-Mah%C3%A9-victoria-kevin-gepford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Seychelles" title="Victoria, Seychelles">Victoria</a>, capital and largest city of Seychelles</figcaption></figure> <p>When the British gained control of the islands during the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>, they allowed the French upper class to retain their land. Both the French and British settlers used enslaved Africans, and although the British prohibited slavery in 1835, African workers continued to come. The <i>Gran blan</i> ("big whites") of French origin dominated economic and political life. The British administration employed Indians on <a href="/wiki/Indentured_servant" class="mw-redirect" title="Indentured servant">indentured servitude</a> to the same degree as in Mauritius resulting in a small Indian population. The Indians, like a similar minority of Chinese, were generally in the merchant class.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, Seychelles is described as a fusion of peoples and cultures. Numerous Seychellois are considered multiracial: blending from African, Asian and European descent to create a modern creole culture. Evidence of this blend is also revealed in Seychellois food, incorporating various aspects of French, Chinese, Indian and African cuisine.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As the islands of Seychelles had no indigenous population, the current Seychellois descend from people who immigrated, of which the largest ethnic groups were those of African, French, <a href="/wiki/Non-resident_Indian_and_person_of_Indian_origin" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese" title="Overseas Chinese">Chinese</a> origin. The <a href="/wiki/Median" title="Median">median</a> age of the Seychellois is 34 years.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> are official languages along with <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois Creole</a>, which is a <a href="/wiki/French-based_creole" class="mw-redirect" title="French-based creole">French-based</a> <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole language</a> related to those spoken in Mauritius and Reunion. Seychellois <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">Creole</a> is the most widely spoken native language and de facto the <a href="/wiki/National_language" title="National language">national language</a> of the country. Seychellois Creole is often spoken with English words and phrases mixed in.<sup id="cite_ref-ethno_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethno-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About 91% of the population are native speakers of Seychellois Creole, 5.1% of English and 0.7% of French.<sup id="cite_ref-ethno_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethno-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most business and official meetings are conducted in English and nearly all official websites are in English. National Assembly business is conducted in Creole, but laws are passed and published in English. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> is also a prominent language in Seychelles, spoken primarily by the Indo-Seychellois community, who form a significant part of the country's multilingual society.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Seychelles" title="Religion in Seychelles">Religion in Seychelles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Seychelles" title="Hinduism in Seychelles">Hinduism in Seychelles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Seychelles" title="Islam in Seychelles">Islam in Seychelles</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:293px;max-width:293px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:157px;max-width:157px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Francis_Church_Mahe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/St_Francis_Church_Mahe.jpg/155px-St_Francis_Church_Mahe.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/St_Francis_Church_Mahe.jpg/233px-St_Francis_Church_Mahe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/St_Francis_Church_Mahe.jpg/310px-St_Francis_Church_Mahe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1859" data-file-height="2084" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/St._Francis_of_Assisi_Church,_Baie_Lazare" title="St. Francis of Assisi Church, Baie Lazare">St. Francis of Assisi Church, Baie Lazare</a>, Mahé island</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:132px;max-width:132px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hindu_Temple_Victoria_Seychelles_Islands_of_Africa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hindu_Temple_Victoria_Seychelles_Islands_of_Africa.jpg/130px-Hindu_Temple_Victoria_Seychelles_Islands_of_Africa.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hindu_Temple_Victoria_Seychelles_Islands_of_Africa.jpg/195px-Hindu_Temple_Victoria_Seychelles_Islands_of_Africa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hindu_Temple_Victoria_Seychelles_Islands_of_Africa.jpg/260px-Hindu_Temple_Victoria_Seychelles_Islands_of_Africa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Seychelles" title="Hinduism in Seychelles">Arulmigu Navashakti Vinayakar Temple in Victoria</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>According to the 2022 census, most Seychellois are Christians: 61.3% were <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Seychelles" title="Catholic Church in Seychelles">Roman Catholic</a>, pastorally served by the exempt <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Port_Victoria" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Port Victoria">Diocese of Port Victoria</a>; 5.0% were <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> and 8.6% follows other sects of Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-2022Census_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2022Census-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hinduism is the second largest religion, adhered to by more than 5.4% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-2022Census_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2022Census-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CIA_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hinduism is followed mainly by the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Seychellois" title="Indo-Seychellois">Indo-Seychellois</a> community.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Islam is followed by another 1.6% of the population. Other faiths accounted for 1.1% of the population, while a further 5.9% were non-religious or did not specify a religion.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_80-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Seychelles" title="Economy of Seychelles">Economy of Seychelles</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mahe_Beach_-_author_with_the_sailfish_by_J._Strzelecki.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mahe_Beach_-_author_with_the_sailfish_by_J._Strzelecki.JPG/220px-Mahe_Beach_-_author_with_the_sailfish_by_J._Strzelecki.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mahe_Beach_-_author_with_the_sailfish_by_J._Strzelecki.JPG/330px-Mahe_Beach_-_author_with_the_sailfish_by_J._Strzelecki.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mahe_Beach_-_author_with_the_sailfish_by_J._Strzelecki.JPG/440px-Mahe_Beach_-_author_with_the_sailfish_by_J._Strzelecki.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5652" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>The sailfish at Mahé Beach</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colourful_Skirts_at_Seychelles_Market.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Colourful_Skirts_at_Seychelles_Market.jpg/220px-Colourful_Skirts_at_Seychelles_Market.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Colourful_Skirts_at_Seychelles_Market.jpg/330px-Colourful_Skirts_at_Seychelles_Market.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Colourful_Skirts_at_Seychelles_Market.jpg/440px-Colourful_Skirts_at_Seychelles_Market.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Colourful skirts at a Seychelles market</figcaption></figure> <p>During the plantation era, <a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">cinnamon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vanilla" title="Vanilla">vanilla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Copra" title="Copra">copra</a> were the chief exports. In 1965, during a three-month visit to the islands, futurist <a href="/wiki/Donald_Prell" title="Donald Prell">Donald Prell</a> prepared for the <a href="/wiki/Crown_colony" title="Crown colony">crown colony</a>'s Governor General an economic report containing a scenario for the future of the economy. Quoting from his report, in the 1960s, about 33% of the working population worked at plantations, and 20% worked in the public or government sector.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indian Ocean Tracking Station on Mahé used by the United States' <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Satellite_Control_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Satellite Control Network">Air Force Satellite Control Network</a> was closed in August 1996 after the Seychelles government attempted to raise the rent to more than $10,000,000 per year. </p><p>Since independence in 1976, per capita output has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labour force, compared to agriculture which today employs about 3% of the labour force. Despite the growth of tourism, farming and fishing continue to employ some people, as do industries that process coconuts and vanilla.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As of 2013<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the main export products are processed fish (60%) and non-fillet frozen fish (22%).<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The prime agricultural products currently produced in Seychelles include <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweet potatoes">sweet potatoes</a>, vanilla, coconuts and cinnamon. These products provide much of the economic support of the locals. Frozen and canned fish, copra, cinnamon and vanilla are the main export commodities. </p><p>The Seychelles government has prioritised a curbing of the <a href="/wiki/Budget_deficit" class="mw-redirect" title="Budget deficit">budget deficit</a>, including the containment of <a href="/wiki/Social_welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Social welfare">social welfare</a> costs and further <a href="/wiki/Privatisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Privatisation">privatisation</a> of public enterprises. The government has a pervasive presence in economic activity, with public enterprises active in petroleum product distribution, banking, imports of basic products, telecommunications and a wide range of other businesses. According to the 2013 <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Economic_Freedom" title="Index of Economic Freedom">Index of Economic Freedom</a>, which measures the degree of limited government, market openness, regulatory efficiency, rule of law, and other factors, economic freedom has been increasing each year since 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (April 2022)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The national currency of Seychelles is the <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_rupee" title="Seychellois rupee">Seychellois rupee</a>. Initially tied to a basket of international currencies, it was unpegged and allowed to be devalued and float freely in 2008 on the presumed hopes of attracting further foreign investment in the Seychelles economy.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seychelles has emerged as the least corrupt country in Africa in the latest Corruption Perception Index report released by <a href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</a> in January 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Seychelles" title="Tourism in Seychelles">Tourism in Seychelles</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_hotel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/General_hotel.jpg/220px-General_hotel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/General_hotel.jpg/330px-General_hotel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/General_hotel.jpg/440px-General_hotel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Beach resort at Seychelles</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seychelles_083.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Seychelles_083.JPG/220px-Seychelles_083.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Seychelles_083.JPG/330px-Seychelles_083.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Seychelles_083.JPG/440px-Seychelles_083.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Aircraft at <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_International_Airport" title="Seychelles International Airport">Seychelles International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1971, with the opening of <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_International_Airport" title="Seychelles International Airport">Seychelles International Airport</a>, tourism became a significant industry, essentially dividing the economy into plantations and tourism. The tourism sector paid better, and the plantation economy could expand only so far. The plantation sector of the economy declined in prominence, and tourism became the primary industry of Seychelles. Consequently, there was a sustained spate of hotel construction throughout almost the entire 1970s which included the opening of Coral Strand Smart Choice, Vista Do Mar and Bougainville Hotel in 1972. </p><p>In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment to upgrade hotels and other services. These incentives have given rise to an enormous amount of investment in real estate projects and new resort properties, such as project TIME, distributed by the World Bank, along with its predecessor project MAGIC.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Since then the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, small-scale manufacturing and most recently the offshore financial sector, through the establishment of the Financial Services Authority and the enactment of several pieces of legislation (such as the International Corporate Service Providers Act, the International Business Companies Act, the Securities Act, the Mutual Funds and Hedge Fund Act, amongst others). In March 2015, Seychelles allocated <a href="/wiki/Assumption_Island" title="Assumption Island">Assumption Island</a> to be developed by India.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Owing to the effects of <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, Seychelles shut down its borders to international tourism in the year 2020. As the national vaccination program progressed well, the nation's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Tourism decided to reopen the borders to international tourists on 25 March 2021. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy">Energy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Energy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Seychelles" title="Special:EditPage/Seychelles">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seychelles_electricity_production.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Seychelles_electricity_production.svg/220px-Seychelles_electricity_production.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Seychelles_electricity_production.svg/330px-Seychelles_electricity_production.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Seychelles_electricity_production.svg/440px-Seychelles_electricity_production.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="542" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Although multinational oil companies have explored the waters around the islands, no oil or gas has been found. In 2005, a deal was signed with US firm Petroquest, giving it exploration rights to about 30,000 km<sup>2</sup> (12,000 sq mi) around Constant, Topaz, Farquhar and Coëtivy islands until 2014. Seychelles imports oil from the Persian Gulf in the form of refined petroleum derivatives at the rate of about 5,700 barrels per day (910 m<sup>3</sup>/d). </p><p>In recent years oil has been imported from Kuwait and Bahrain. Seychelles imports three times more oil than is needed for internal uses because it re-exports the surplus oil in the form of <a href="/wiki/Bunker_fuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunker fuel">bunker</a> for ships and aircraft calling at <a href="/wiki/Mah%C3%A9,_Seychelles" title="Mahé, Seychelles">Mahé</a>. There are no refining capacities on the islands. Oil and gas imports, distribution and re-export are the responsibility of Seychelles Petroleum (Sepec), while oil exploration is the responsibility of the Seychelles National Oil Company (SNOC). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art">Art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Seychelles" title="Special:EditPage/Seychelles">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A National Art Gallery was inaugurated in 1994 on the occasion of the official opening of the National Cultural Centre, which houses the National Library and National Archives with other offices of the Ministry of Culture. At its inauguration, the Minister of Culture decreed that the exhibition of works of Seychellois artists, painters and sculptors was a testimony to the development of art in Seychelles as a creative form of expression, and provided a view of the state of the country's contemporary art. Painters have traditionally been inspired by Seychelles’ natural features to produce a wide range of works in media ranging from watercolours to oils, acrylics, collages, metals, aluminium, wood, fabrics, gouache, varnishes, recycled materials, pastels, charcoal, embossing, etching, and giclee prints. Local sculptors produce fine works in wood, stone, bronze and <a href="/wiki/Cartonnage" title="Cartonnage">cartonnage</a>. There are several art galleries around the island such as the National Gallery in Victoria, the Traditional wooden house galleries Kenwyn House gallery and Kaz Zanana Art Gallery in Victoria, Pagoda Art and Design Gallery in the Seychelles Chinese Culture Centre near the Selwyn Clarke market, and Eden gallery on Eden Island. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Seychelles" title="Music of Seychelles">Music of Seychelles</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Seychelles" title="Special:EditPage/Seychelles">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Music and dance have always played prominent roles in Seychelles culture and local festivities. Rooted in African, Malagasy and European cultures, music characteristically features drums such as the <a href="/wiki/Tambourine" title="Tambourine">tambour</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">tam-tam</a>, and simple string instruments. The violin and guitar are relatively recent foreign imports which play a prominent role in contemporary music. </p><p>Among popular dances are the <a href="/wiki/Sega_(genre)" title="Sega (genre)">Sega</a>, with hip-swaying and shuffling of the feet, and the <a href="/wiki/Moutya" class="mw-redirect" title="Moutya">Moutya</a>, a dance dating back to the days of slavery, when it was often used to express strong emotions and discontent. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Seychelles" title="Music of Seychelles">music of Seychelles</a> is diverse, a reflection of the fusion of cultures through its history. The <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folk music</a> of the islands incorporates multiple influences in a syncretic fashion. It includes African rhythms, aesthetic and instrumentation, such as the <i>zez</i> and the <i>bom</i> (known in Brazil as <a href="/wiki/Berimbau" title="Berimbau">berimbau</a>); European <a href="/wiki/Contredanse_(organisation)" title="Contredanse (organisation)">contredanse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polka" title="Polka">polka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mazurka" title="Mazurka">mazurka</a>; French folk and pop; <a href="/wiki/Sega_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Sega music"><i>sega</i></a> from <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> and Réunion; <a href="/wiki/Taarab" title="Taarab">taarab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soukous" title="Soukous">soukous</a> and other pan-African genres; and <a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music_of_India" title="Music of India">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(regional_unit)" title="Arcadia (regional unit)">Arcadian</a> music. </p><p>Contombley is a popular form of percussion music, as is Moutya, a fusion of native folk rhythms with Kenyan <a href="/wiki/Benga_music" title="Benga music">benga</a>. Kontredans, based on European <a href="/wiki/Contra_dance" title="Contra dance">contra dance</a>, is also popular, especially in district and school competitions during the annual Festival Kreol (International Creole Festival). Moutya playing and dancing often occur at beach bazaars. Music is sung in the <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois Creole</a> of the French language, and in French and English. </p><p>In 2021,<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Moutya, a slave trade-era dance, was added to the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_List" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List">UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List</a> as a symbol of psychological comfort in its role of resistance against hardship, <a href="/wiki/Poverty" title="Poverty">poverty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Servitude_in_civil_law" title="Servitude in civil law">servitude</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_injustice" class="mw-redirect" title="Social injustice">social injustice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Seychelles">Cuisine of Seychelles</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cutting_coconuts_Seychelles.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Cutting_coconuts_Seychelles.jpg/220px-Cutting_coconuts_Seychelles.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Cutting_coconuts_Seychelles.jpg/330px-Cutting_coconuts_Seychelles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Cutting_coconuts_Seychelles.jpg/440px-Cutting_coconuts_Seychelles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1615" data-file-height="1703" /></a><figcaption>Cutting open young coconuts for drinking, Seychelles</figcaption></figure> <p>Staple foods of Seychelles include fish, seafood and <a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a> dishes, often accompanied with rice.<sup id="cite_ref-Lonely_Planet_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lonely_Planet-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Evans_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fish dishes are cooked several ways, such as steamed, <a href="/wiki/Grilling" title="Grilling">grilled</a>, wrapped in <a href="/wiki/Banana_leaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Banana leaves">banana leaves</a>, baked, salted and <a href="/wiki/Smoking_(cooking)" title="Smoking (cooking)">smoked</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lonely_Planet_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lonely_Planet-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Curry dishes with rice are also a significant part of the country's cuisine.<sup id="cite_ref-Evans_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PT_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PT-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other staples include coconut, <a href="/wiki/Breadfruit" title="Breadfruit">breadfruit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">mangoes</a> and <i>kordonnyen</i> fish.<sup id="cite_ref-Tingay_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tingay-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dishes are often garnished with fresh flowers.<sup id="cite_ref-Tingay_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tingay-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Chicken dishes, such as chicken curry and <a href="/wiki/Coconut_milk" title="Coconut milk">coconut milk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Evans_95-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Coconut curry<sup id="cite_ref-Evans_95-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dal" title="Dal">Dal</a> (lentils)<sup id="cite_ref-Tingay_97-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tingay-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Fish curry<sup id="cite_ref-Evans_95-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffron_rice" title="Saffron rice">Saffron rice</a><sup id="cite_ref-Tingay_97-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tingay-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Fresh <a href="/wiki/Tropical_fruit" title="Tropical fruit">tropical fruits</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lonely_Planet_94-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lonely_Planet-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GOT_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GOT-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladob" title="Ladob">Ladob</a>, eaten either as a savoury dish or as a dessert. The dessert version usually consists of ripe <a href="/wiki/Plantain_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantain (cooking)">plantain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweet potatoes">sweet potatoes</a> (but may also include <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">cassava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Breadfruit" title="Breadfruit">breadfruit</a> or even <a href="/wiki/Soursop" title="Soursop">corossol</a>), boiled with coconut milk, sugar, <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a> and vanilla in the form of a pod until the fruit is soft and the sauce is creamy.<sup id="cite_ref-Carpin_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carpin-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The savoury dish usually includes salted fish, cooked in a similar fashion to the dessert version, with plantain, cassava and breadfruit, but with salt used in place of sugar (and omitting vanilla).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_chutney" title="Shark chutney">Shark chutney</a> typically consists of boiled skinned shark, finely mashed and cooked with squeezed <a href="/wiki/Bilimbi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilimbi">bilimbi</a> juice and <a href="/wiki/Lime_(fruit)" title="Lime (fruit)">lime</a>. It is mixed with onion and spices, with the onion fried and cooked in oil.<sup id="cite_ref-Carpin_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carpin-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Vegetables<sup id="cite_ref-Evans_95-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GOT_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GOT-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Media_and_telecommunications_in_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Media and telecommunications in Seychelles">Media and telecommunications in Seychelles</a></div> <p>The main daily newspaper is the <i><a href="/wiki/Seychelles_Nation" title="Seychelles Nation">Seychelles Nation</a></i>, dedicated to local government views and current topics. Other newspapers include <i>Le Nouveau Seychelles Weekly</i>, <i>The People</i>, <i>Regar</i>, and <i>Today in Seychelles</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-bbcmedia_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbcmedia-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Foreign newspapers and magazines are readily available at most bookshops and newsagents. The papers are published mostly in <a href="/wiki/Seychellois_Creole" title="Seychellois Creole">Seychellois Creole</a>, French and English. </p><p>The main television and radio network, operated by the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Seychelles Broadcasting Corporation">Seychelles Broadcasting Corporation</a>, offers locally produced news and discussion programmes in the Seychellois Creole language, between 3 pm and 11:30 pm on weekdays and longer hours on weekends. There are also imported English- and French-language television programmes on Seychellois terrestrial television, and international satellite television has grown rapidly in recent years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Esparon" title="Sandra Esparon">Sandra Esparon</a> – singer and performer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Grandcourt" title="Sonia Grandcourt">Sonia Grandcourt</a> – writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regina_Melanie" title="Regina Melanie">Regina Melanie</a> – writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Norah" title="Laurence Norah">Laurence Norah</a> – travel photographer, writer, and blogger</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marc_Volcy" title="Jean-Marc Volcy">Jean-Marc Volcy</a> – musician</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seychelles' most popular sport is <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a>, which has significantly grown in popularity in the last decade.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, Seychelles hosted the <a href="/wiki/2015_CAF_Beach_Soccer_Championship" title="2015 CAF Beach Soccer Championship">African Beach Soccer Championship</a>. Ten years later, Seychelles will host the <a href="/wiki/2025_FIFA_Beach_Soccer_World_Cup" title="2025 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup">2025 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup</a> making it the first ever FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup to be ever held in Africa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women">Women</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Women"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Seychelles" title="Women in Seychelles">Women in Seychelles</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Miss_Seychelles_08_Elena_Angione.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Miss_Seychelles_08_Elena_Angione.jpg/220px-Miss_Seychelles_08_Elena_Angione.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Miss_Seychelles_08_Elena_Angione.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="314" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Miss Seychelles 2008, Elena Angione</figcaption></figure> <p>Mothers tend to be dominant in the household, controlling most expenditure and looking after children's interests.<sup id="cite_ref-cs_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cs-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Unwed_mother" class="mw-redirect" title="Unwed mother">Unwed mothers</a> are the societal norm, and the law requires fathers to <a href="/wiki/Child_support" title="Child support">support their children</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hr_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hr-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Men are important for their earning ability, but their domestic role is relatively peripheral.<sup id="cite_ref-cs_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cs-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hr_103-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hr-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_rights">LGBT rights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: LGBT rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Seychelles">LGBT rights in Seychelles</a></div> <p>Same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bill decriminalising homosexuality was approved in a 14–0 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation is banned in the Seychelles, making it one of the few <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">African</a> countries to have such protections for LGBT people.<sup id="cite_ref-ILGA_2012_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ILGA_2012-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Seychelles" title="Education in Seychelles">Education in Seychelles</a></div> <p>Seychelles has the highest literacy rate of any country in sub-Saharan Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-cia.gov_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia.gov-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to The World Factbook of the Central Intelligence Agency, as of 2018, 95.9% of the population aged 15 and over can read and write in the Seychelles.<sup id="cite_ref-cia.gov_108-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia.gov-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until the mid-19th century, little formal education was available in Seychelles. The Catholic and Anglican churches opened mission schools in 1851. The Catholic mission later operated boys' and girls' secondary schools with religious brothers and nuns from abroad even after the government became responsible for them in 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A teacher training college opened in 1959, when the supply of locally trained teachers began to grow, and in short time many new schools were established. Since 1981 a system of free education has been in effect, requiring attendance by all children in grades one to nine, beginning at age six. Ninety-four percent of all children attend primary school.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The literacy rate for school-age children rose to more than 90% by the late 1980s. Many older Seychellois had not been taught to read or write in their childhood; adult education classes helped raise adult literacy from 60% to a claimed 96% in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are a total of 68 schools in Seychelles. The public school system consists of 23 <a href="/wiki/Kindergarten" title="Kindergarten">crèches</a>, 25 primary schools and 13 secondary schools. They are located on <a href="/wiki/Mah%C3%A9,_Seychelles" title="Mahé, Seychelles">Mahé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Praslin" title="Praslin">Praslin</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Digue" title="La Digue">La Digue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silhouette_Island" title="Silhouette Island">Silhouette</a>. Additionally, there are three private schools: École Française, International School and the independent school. All the private schools are on Mahé, and the International School has a branch on <a href="/wiki/Praslin" title="Praslin">Praslin</a>. There are seven post-secondary (non-tertiary) schools: the Seychelles Polytechnic, School of Advanced Level Studies, Seychelles Tourism Academy, University of Seychelles Education, Seychelles <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Technology">Institute of Technology</a>, Maritime Training Centre, Seychelles Agricultural and Horticultural Training Centre and the National Institute for Health and Social Studies.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The administration launched plans to open a university in an attempt to slow down the <a href="/wiki/Brain_drain" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain drain">brain drain</a> that has occurred. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Seychelles" title="University of Seychelles">University of Seychelles</a>, initiated in conjunction with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>, opened on 17 September 2009 in three locations, and offers qualifications from the University of London.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people_2">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Seychellois_people" title="List of Seychellois people">List of Seychellois people</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Betsy" title="Kevin Betsy">Kevin Betsy</a>, football coach and former professional <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">footballer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liandro_Samson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liandro Samson (page does not exist)">Liandro Samson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Businessperson" title="Businessperson">businessman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Socialite" title="Socialite">socialite</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Seychelles" title="Outline of Seychelles">Outline of Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Seychelles-related_articles" title="Index of Seychelles-related articles">Index of Seychelles-related articles</a><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade_in_Seychelles" title="Illegal drug trade in Seychelles">Illegal drug trade in Seychelles</a> (highest heroin use per capita in the world)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notelist">Notelist</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Notelist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Native and predominant ethnic group of the country; the creoles trace their mixed origin to mainland <a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East African</a> ethnicities and the <a href="/wiki/Malagasy_peoples" title="Malagasy peoples">Malagasy</a>. They account for vast majority of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAPop_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAPop-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Non-Seychellois minority ethnic groups include smaller pockets of ethnic <a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_people" title="Indian people">Indian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people" title="Chinese people">Chinese</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arab</a> peoples.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAPop_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAPop-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Treated as singular or plural. The presence of the definite article ("the Seychelles") also varies.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CIAPop-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIAPop_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAPop_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/seychelles/#people-and-society">"SeychellesThe World Factbook"</a>. <i>-</i>. 12 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=-&rft.atitle=SeychellesThe+World+Factbook&rft.date=2023-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fseychelles%2F%23people-and-society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2022Census-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2022Census_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2022Census_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2022Census_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbs.gov.sc/downloads/1555-seychelles-population-and-housing-census-2022">"Seychelles Population and Housing Census 2022"</a>. <i>National Bureau of Statistics Seychelles</i>. 21 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+Seychelles&rft.atitle=Seychelles+Population+and+Housing+Census+2022&rft.date=2024-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbs.gov.sc%2Fdownloads%2F1555-seychelles-population-and-housing-census-2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=199c&u=23r">"National Profiles | World Religion"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Profiles+%26%23124%3B+World+Religion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thearda.com%2Fworld-religion%2Fnational-profiles%3Fu%3D199c%26u%3D23r&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbs.gov.sc/downloads/1620-mid-2024-estimated-resident-population/download">"MID-YEAR 2024 ESTIMATED RESIDENT POPULATION (ERP)"</a>. <i>National Bureau of Statistics</i>. 31 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.atitle=MID-YEAR+2024+ESTIMATED+RESIDENT+POPULATION+%28ERP%29&rft.date=2024-08-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbs.gov.sc%2Fdownloads%2F1620-mid-2024-estimated-resident-population%2Fdownload&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEO.SC-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.SC_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.SC_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.SC_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.SC_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=718,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GINI+index&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSI.POV.GINI%3Flocations%3DSC%26order%3Dwbapi_data_value_2007%2Bwbapi_data_value%2Bwbapi_data_value-last%26page%3D1%26sort%3Dasc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHDR-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UNHDR_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf">"Human Development Report 2023/24"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 13 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Bank+Open+Data&rft.atitle=World+Bank+Open+Data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSP.POP.TOTL%3Flocations%3DSC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups">"World Bank Country and Lending Groups – World Bank Data Help Desk"</a>. <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Bank+Country+and+Lending+Groups+%E2%80%93+World+Bank+Data+Help+Desk&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatahelpdesk.worldbank.org%2Fknowledgebase%2Farticles%2F906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply a full or month-and-year "|date=" of publication, or use "|year=year not specified" for intentional omission.">date missing</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vdem_dataset-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vdem_dataset_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFV-Dem_Institute2023" class="citation web cs1">V-Dem Institute (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/">"The V-Dem Dataset"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+V-Dem+Dataset&rft.date=2023&rft.au=V-Dem+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.v-dem.net%2Fdata%2Fthe-v-dem-dataset%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzpatrickCallaghan2008" class="citation book cs1">Fitzpatrick, Scott M.; Callaghan, Richard (2008). "Seafaring simulations and the Origin of Prehistoric Settlers to Madagascar". In O'Connor, Sue; Clark, Geoffrey; Leach, Foss (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/33708/1/459300.pdf"><i>Islands of Inquiry: Colonisation, Seafaring and the Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Terra Australis. Canberra, ACT, Australia: ANU E Press. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781921313905" title="Special:BookSources/9781921313905"><bdi>9781921313905</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Seafaring+simulations+and+the+Origin+of+Prehistoric+Settlers+to+Madagascar&rft.btitle=Islands+of+Inquiry%3A+Colonisation%2C+Seafaring+and+the+Archaeology+of+Maritime+Landscapes&rft.place=Canberra%2C+ACT%2C+Australia&rft.series=Terra+Australis&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=ANU+E+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781921313905&rft.aulast=Fitzpatrick&rft.aufirst=Scott+M.&rft.au=Callaghan%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.oapen.org%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F20.500.12657%2F33708%2F1%2F459300.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuébourg2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Guébourg, Jean-Louis (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lsfav10mYCMC"><i>Les Seychelles</i></a> (in French). Paris: Ed. Karthala. pp. <span class="nowrap">27–</span>28. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-84586-358-6" title="Special:BookSources/2-84586-358-6"><bdi>2-84586-358-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/419931142">419931142</a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+Seychelles&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E27-%3C%2Fspan%3E28&rft.pub=Ed.+Karthala&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F419931142&rft.isbn=2-84586-358-6&rft.aulast=Gu%C3%A9bourg&rft.aufirst=Jean-Louis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dlsfav10mYCMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eisa.org/wep/seyoverview1.htm">"Seychelles: Settlement and the development of the plantation economy (1770–1944)"</a>. Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seychelles%3A+Settlement+and+the+development+of+the+plantation+economy+%281770%E2%80%931944%29&rft.pub=Electoral+Institute+for+Sustainable+Democracy+in+Africa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eisa.org%2Fwep%2Fseyoverview1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalassembly.sc/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=16&Itemid=53">"Our History"</a>. National Assembly of Seychelles. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120628122148/http://www.nationalassembly.sc/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=16&Itemid=53">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+History&rft.pub=National+Assembly+of+Seychelles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalassembly.sc%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Dsection%26id%3D16%26Itemid%3D53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovinden2020" class="citation web cs1">Govinden, Gerard (27 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nation.sc/articles/5891/250th-anniversary-of-first-settlement">"250th Anniversary of First Settlement"</a>. <i>Seychelles Nation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seychelles+Nation&rft.atitle=250th+Anniversary+of+First+Settlement&rft.date=2020-08-27&rft.aulast=Govinden&rft.aufirst=Gerard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnation.sc%2Farticles%2F5891%2F250th-anniversary-of-first-settlement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_Seychelles-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_of_Seychelles_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100608091646/http://www.seychelles.com/en/about_seychelles/history.php">"History of Seychelles"</a>. seychelles.com. 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seychelles.com/en/about_seychelles/history.php">the original</a> on 8 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Seychelles&rft.pub=seychelles.com&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seychelles.com%2Fen%2Fabout_seychelles%2Fhistory.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Joanna Symons (21 March 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/africaandindianocean/seychelles/732553/Seychelles-Lifes-a-breeze-near-the-equator.html">"Seychelles: Life's a breeze near the equator"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180504225308/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/africaandindianocean/seychelles/732553/Seychelles-Lifes-a-breeze-near-the-equator.html">Archived</a> 4 May 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Telegraph.co.uk</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-africanhistory.about.com-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-africanhistory.about.com_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://africanhistory.about.com/od/seychelles/p/SeychellesHist1.htm">"africanhistory.about.com"</a>. africanhistory.about.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314184227/http://africanhistory.about.com/od/seychelles/p/SeychellesHist1.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=africanhistory.about.com&rft.pub=africanhistory.about.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fafricanhistory.about.com%2Fod%2Fseychelles%2Fp%2FSeychellesHist1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://countrystudies.us/seychelles/26.htm">"Seychelles – Return to a Multiparty System"</a>. <i>countrystudies.us</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=countrystudies.us&rft.atitle=Seychelles+%E2%80%93+Return+to+a+Multiparty+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fseychelles%2F26.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hoare, Mike The Seychelles Affair (Transworld, London, 1986; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-593-01122-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-593-01122-8">0-593-01122-8</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bartus László: Maffiaregény <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9634405967" title="Special:BookSources/9634405967">9634405967</a>, Budapest 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrewsterRai2014" class="citation journal cs1">Brewster, David; Rai, Ranjit (10 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/7698363">"Flowers Are Blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Academia" class="mw-redirect" title="Academia">Academia</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150607235023/http://www.academia.edu/7698363/Flowers_Are_Blooming_the_story_of_the_India_Navys_secret_operation_in_the_Seychelles">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Academia&rft.atitle=Flowers+Are+Blooming%3A+the+story+of+the+India+Navy%27s+secret+operation+in+the+Seychelles.&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.aulast=Brewster&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Rai%2C+Ranjit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F7698363&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC132619/">"FAO.org"</a>. <i>www.fao.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fao.org&rft.atitle=FAO.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Ffaolex%2Fresults%2Fdetails%2Fen%2Fc%2FLEX-FAOC132619%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un-spider.org/about-us/news/en/6428/2013-02-01t161200/international-chapter-activated-flooding-republic-seychelles">"International Chapter activated for flooding in the Republic of Seychelles"</a>. United Nation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130203214223/http://www.un-spider.org/about-us/news/en/6428/2013-02-01t161200/international-chapter-activated-flooding-republic-seychelles">Archived</a> from the original on 3 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Culture+of+Seychelles&rft.pub=Everyculture.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.everyculture.com%2FSa-Th%2FSeychelles.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_80-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_80-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_80-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/seychelles-population/#:~:text=The%20median%20age%20in%20Seychelles%20is%2034.2%20years.">"Seychelles Population (2022) – Worldometer"</a>. <i>www.worldometers.info</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.worldometers.info&rft.atitle=Seychelles+Population+%282022%29+%E2%80%93+Worldometer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldometers.info%2Fworld-population%2Fseychelles-population%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520median%2520age%2520in%2520Seychelles%2520is%252034.2%2520years.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ethno-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ethno_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethno_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis,_M._Paul,_Gary_F._Simons,_and_Charles_D._Fennig_(eds.)2016" class="citation web cs1">Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.) (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/country/sc/languages">"Seychelles languages"</a>. <i>Ethnologue</i>. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Dallas, Texas; 19th edition. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161103235045/https://www.ethnologue.com/country/sc/languages">Archived</a> from the original on 3 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ethnologue&rft.atitle=Seychelles+languages&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Lewis%2C+M.+Paul%2C+Gary+F.+Simons%2C+and+Charles+D.+Fennig+%28eds.%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fcountry%2Fsc%2Flanguages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nation.sc/articles/16646/hindu-kavadi-procession-in-the-streets-of-victoria-on-sunday-february-5">"Hindu Kavadi procession in the streets of Victoria on Sunday February 5"</a>. <i>Nation.sc</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nation.sc&rft.atitle=Hindu+Kavadi+procession+in+the+streets+of+Victoria+on+Sunday+February+5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nation.sc%2Farticles%2F16646%2Fhindu-kavadi-procession-in-the-streets-of-victoria-on-sunday-february-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140514112130/http://www.nsb.gov.sc/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Population_and_Housing_Census_2010_Report.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsb.gov.sc/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Population_and_Housing_Census_2010_Report.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsb.gov.sc%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F12%2FPopulation_and_Housing_Census_2010_Report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200926113235/http://www.pfsr.org/history-of-seychelles/the-hindu-temple-of-seychelles/">"History of Seychelles Hindu temple"</a>. Archived from the original on 26 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Seychelles+Hindu+temple&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pfsr.org%2Fhistory-of-seychelles%2Fthe-hindu-temple-of-seychelles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD._B._Prell1965" class="citation book cs1">D. B. Prell (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9_6yHAAACAAJ"><i>Economic Study of the Seychelles Islands</i></a>. D.B. 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Retrieved on 8 December 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heritage.org/index/country/seychelles">"2013 Index of Economic Freedom"</a>. The Heritage Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130708011801/http://www.heritage.org/index/country/seychelles">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2013+Index+of+Economic+Freedom&rft.pub=The+Heritage+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritage.org%2Findex%2Fcountry%2Fseychelles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/15591/Seychelles+rupee+is+among+best+performing+currencies+against+the+dollar+in+Africa">"Seychelles rupee is among best performing currencies against the dollar in Africa"</a>. <i>www.seychellesnewsagency.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.seychellesnewsagency.com&rft.atitle=Seychelles+rupee+is+among+best+performing+currencies+against+the+dollar+in+Africa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seychellesnewsagency.com%2Farticles%2F15591%2FSeychelles%2Brupee%2Bis%2Bamong%2Bbest%2Bperforming%2Bcurrencies%2Bagainst%2Bthe%2Bdollar%2Bin%2BAfrica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pulse.com.gh/bi/strategy/here-are-the-16-least-corrupt-countries-in-africa/kd55vn5">"Here are the 16 least corrupt countries in Africa"</a>. 23 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Here+are+the+16+least+corrupt+countries+in+Africa&rft.date=2020-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulse.com.gh%2Fbi%2Fstrategy%2Fhere-are-the-16-least-corrupt-countries-in-africa%2Fkd55vn5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-to-develop-two-islands-in-Indian-Ocean/articleshow/46533103.cms">India to develop two islands in Indian Ocean – Times of India</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315162052/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-to-develop-two-islands-in-Indian-Ocean/articleshow/46533103.cms">Archived</a> 15 March 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Timesofindia.indiatimes.com (11 March 2015). Retrieved on 8 December 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kreolmagazine.com/culture/features/moutya-historic-inscription-during-unesco-event-in-paris/">"Moutya – Historic Inscription During UNESCO Event in Paris | International Magazine Kreol"</a>. 2 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moutya+%E2%80%93+Historic+Inscription+During+UNESCO+Event+in+Paris+%26%23124%3B+International+Magazine+Kreol&rft.date=2023-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkreolmagazine.com%2Fculture%2Ffeatures%2Fmoutya-historic-inscription-during-unesco-event-in-paris%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/moutya-01690">"UNESCO – Moutya"</a>. <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNESCO+%E2%80%93+Moutya&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2Fmoutya-01690&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lonely_Planet-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lonely_Planet_94-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lonely_Planet_94-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lonely_Planet_94-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bKAH9zxBiA8C&pg=PA273"><i>Lonely Planet Mauritius, Reunion & Seychelles</i></a>. Lonely Planet. 2010. pp. <span class="nowrap">273–</span>274. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74179-167-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74179-167-9"><bdi>978-1-74179-167-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lonely+Planet+Mauritius%2C+Reunion+%26+Seychelles&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E273-%3C%2Fspan%3E274&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-74179-167-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbKAH9zxBiA8C%26pg%3DPA273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Evans-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Evans_95-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Evans_95-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Evans_95-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Evans_95-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Evans_95-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Evans_95-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyfed_Lloyd_Evans" class="citation book cs1">Dyfed Lloyd Evans. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FJxlWwrVcKcC&pg=PA235"><i>The Recipes of Africa</i></a>. Dyfed Lloyd Evans. pp. <span class="nowrap">235–</span>236.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Recipes+of+Africa&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E235-%3C%2Fspan%3E236&rft.pub=Dyfed+Lloyd+Evans&rft.au=Dyfed+Lloyd+Evans&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFJxlWwrVcKcC%26pg%3DPA235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PT-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PT_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NVT26ZRnGFQC&pg=PA50"><i>Practice Tests for IGCSE English as a Second Language Reading and Writing</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. 4 February 2010. p. 50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-14059-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-14059-1"><bdi>978-0-521-14059-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Practice+Tests+for+IGCSE+English+as+a+Second+Language+Reading+and+Writing&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010-02-04&rft.isbn=978-0-521-14059-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNVT26ZRnGFQC%26pg%3DPA50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tingay-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tingay_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tingay_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tingay_97-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tingay_97-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Tingay2006" class="citation book cs1">Paul Tingay (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NoUynTBELeIC&pg=PA33"><i>Seychelles</i></a>. New Holland Publishers. pp. <span class="nowrap">33–</span>34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84537-439-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84537-439-6"><bdi>978-1-84537-439-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Seychelles&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E33-%3C%2Fspan%3E34&rft.pub=New+Holland+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84537-439-6&rft.au=Paul+Tingay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNoUynTBELeIC%26pg%3DPA33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GOT-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GOT_98-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GOT_98-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLloyd_E._HudmanRichard_H._Jackson2003" class="citation book cs1">Lloyd E. Hudman; Richard H. Jackson (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MyGjpyNAur0C&pg=PA384"><i>Geography of Travel and Tourism</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 384. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7668-3256-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7668-3256-5"><bdi>978-0-7668-3256-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geography+of+Travel+and+Tourism&rft.pages=384&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7668-3256-5&rft.au=Lloyd+E.+Hudman&rft.au=Richard+H.+Jackson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMyGjpyNAur0C%26pg%3DPA384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carpin-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carpin_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carpin_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sarah Carpin (1998) <i>Seychelles</i>, Odyssey Guides, The Guidebook Company Limited. p. 77</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbcmedia-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbcmedia_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094089">"Seychelles media guide"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 9 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Seychelles+media+guide&rft.date=2011-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-14094089&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topendsports.com/world/countries/seychelles.htm">"Sport in The Seychelles"</a>. <i>www.topendsports.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.topendsports.com&rft.atitle=Sport+in+The+Seychelles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topendsports.com%2Fworld%2Fcountries%2Fseychelles.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cs-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cs_102-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cs_102-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tartter, Jean R. "Status of Women". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/sctoc.html">Indian Ocean country studies: Seychelles</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051211060002/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/sctoc.html">Archived</a> 11 December 2005 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Helen_Chapin_Metz" title="Helen Chapin Metz">Helen Chapin Metz</a>, editor). <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a> (August 1994). <i>This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hr-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hr_103-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hr_103-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2007/100502.htm">Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Seychelles (2007)</a> <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Democracy,_Human_Rights,_and_Labor" title="Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor">Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor</a> (11 March 2008). <i>This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327113541/https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/seychelles-has-officially-legalized-homosexuality/">"The Seychelles will make gay sex legal"</a>. <i>Gay Star News</i>. 2 March 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/seychelles-has-officially-legalized-homosexuality/">the original</a> on 27 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gay+Star+News&rft.atitle=The+Seychelles+will+make+gay+sex+legal&rft.date=2016-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gaystarnews.com%2Farticle%2Fseychelles-has-officially-legalized-homosexuality%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2016/05/18/seychelles-repeals-colonial-era-law-banning-gay-sex/">"Seychelles repeals colonial-era law banning gay sex"</a>. 18 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seychelles+repeals+colonial-era+law+banning+gay+sex&rft.date=2016-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinknews.co.uk%2F2016%2F05%2F18%2Fseychelles-repeals-colonial-era-law-banning-gay-sex%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ILGA_2012-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ILGA_2012_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2012.pdf">"State-sponsored Homophobia: A world survey of laws prohibiting same sex activity between consenting adults", International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, authored by Lucas Paoli Itaborahy, May 2012</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121017205059/http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2012.pdf">Archived</a> 17 October 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: page: 34">: page: 34 </span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://staging.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/40108/90799/F1128259675/SYC40108.pdf">"Employment Act, 1995"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Employment+Act%2C+1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstaging.ilo.org%2Fdyn%2Fnatlex%2Fdocs%2FELECTRONIC%2F40108%2F90799%2FF1128259675%2FSYC40108.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged June 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia.gov-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cia.gov_108-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cia.gov_108-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/literacy/">"Literacy – The World Factbook"</a>. Cia.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Literacy+%E2%80%93+The+World+Factbook&rft.pub=Cia.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffield%2Fliteracy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitehead2008" class="citation journal cs1">Whitehead, Clive (December 2008). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'...a proper subject of reproach to the Empire'. Reflections on British Education Policy in the Seychelles 1938–1948". <i>Education Research and Perspectives</i>. <b>35</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">95–</span>111.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Education+Research+and+Perspectives&rft.atitle=%27...a+proper+subject+of+reproach+to+the+Empire%27.+Reflections+on+British+Education+Policy+in+the+Seychelles+1938%E2%80%931948&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E95-%3C%2Fspan%3E111&rft.date=2008-12&rft.aulast=Whitehead&rft.aufirst=Clive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epdc.org/sites/default/files/documents/EPDC_NEP_2018_Seychelles.pdf">"Seychelles: National Education Profile, 2018 Update"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seychelles%3A+National+Education+Profile%2C+2018+Update&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epdc.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2FEPDC_NEP_2018_Seychelles.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/">"World Bank Open Data"</a>. <i>World Bank Open Data</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Bank+Open+Data&rft.atitle=World+Bank+Open+Data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afrol.com/articles/36977">"afrol News – Seychelles gets its 1st university"</a>. <i>www.afrol.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.afrol.com&rft.atitle=afrol+News+%E2%80%93+Seychelles+gets+its+1st+university&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afrol.com%2Farticles%2F36977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeychelles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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#aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Seychelles</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Seychelles" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Seychelles">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sesel_/_Seychelles" class="extiw" title="c:Sesel / Seychelles">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Seychelles" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Seychelles">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Seychelles" class="extiw" title="q:Seychelles">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Seychelles" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Seychelles">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Seychelles" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Seychelles">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Seychelles" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Seychelles">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Seychelles" class="extiw" title="voy:Seychelles">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <p><b>Government</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.egov.sc/">SeyGov</a>, main government portal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statehouse.gov.sc/">State House</a>, Office of the President of the Republic of Seychelles</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbs.sc/">Central Bank of Seychelles</a>, on-shore banking and insurance regulator</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://investinseychelles.com/">Seychelles Investment Bureau</a>, government agency promoting investment in Seychelles</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121225023604/http://www.nsb.gov.sc/">National Bureau of Statistics</a>, government agency responsible for collecting, compiling, analysing and publishing statistical information</li></ul> <p><b>Religion</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/pvic0.htm">GigaCatholic</a></li></ul> <p><b>Folklore</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.creolica.net/Corpus-de-creole-seychellois">Compilation Books of Seychellois fairy tales</a> (In Seychellois Creole)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://folklore.unisey.ac.sc/">Seychelles Folklore Archive</a> by <a href="/wiki/University_of_Seychelles" title="University of Seychelles">University of Seychelles</a></li></ul> <p><b>General</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/seychelles/">Seychelles</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081025074904/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/seychelles.htm">Seychelles</a> from <i>UCB Libraries GovPubs</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093816">Seychelles</a> from <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Seychelles" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Seychelles">Wikimedia Atlas of Seychelles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islandconservationseychelles.com">Island Conservation Society</a>, non-profit nature conservation and educational non-governmental organisation</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.natureseychelles.org">Nature Seychelles</a>, scientific/environmental non-governmental nature protection association</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nation.sc/">The Seychelles Nation</a></i>, the largest circulation local daily newspaper</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seychellesbirdrecordscommittee.com/">Seychelles Bird Records Committee</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seychelles.travel">Seychelles.travel</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210804141937/http://www.seychelles.travel/">Archived</a> 4 August 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, government tourism portal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vanilla-islands.org/en/the-island/seychelles/">Tourism Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airseychelles.com">Air Seychelles</a>, Seychelles national airline</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adst.org/2015/04/seychelles-gangstas-paradise/">ADST interview with U.S. Ambassador to Seychelles David Fischer</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Seychelles_topics" title="Template:Seychelles topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Seychelles_topics" title="Template talk:Seychelles topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Seychelles_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Seychelles topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Seychelles_articles575" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seychelles</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Seychelles-related_articles" title="Index of Seychelles-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Seychelles" title="History of Seychelles">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Seychelles" title="History of Seychelles">History of Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_and_administrators_of_Seychelles" title="List of colonial governors and administrators of Seychelles">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Seychelles_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1977 Seychelles coup d'état">1977 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Seychelles_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1981 Seychelles coup d'état attempt">1981 coup d'état attempt</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles" title="Coat of arms of Seychelles"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Seychelles" title="Geography of Seychelles">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Seychelles" title="Victoria, Seychelles">Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Seychelles" title="List of cities in Seychelles">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Seychelles" title="List of islands of Seychelles">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Seychelles" title="Districts of Seychelles">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Seychelles" title="List of rivers of Seychelles">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Seychelles" title="Wildlife of Seychelles">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Seychelles" title="Politics of Seychelles">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Seychelles" title="Elections in Seychelles">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Seychelles" title="Foreign relations of Seychelles">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Seychelles">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles_People%27s_Defence_Force" title="Seychelles People's Defence Force">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Seychelles)" title="National Assembly (Seychelles)">National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Seychelles" title="List of political parties in Seychelles">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Seychelles" title="List of presidents of Seychelles">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_Seychelles" title="Vice-President of Seychelles">Vice-President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Seychelles" title="Prime Minister of Seychelles">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Seychelles" title="Supreme Court of Seychelles">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Seychelles" title="Economy of Seychelles">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Seychelles" title="Agriculture in Seychelles">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Seychelles" title="Central Bank of Seychelles">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_rupee" title="Seychellois rupee">Rupee <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Seychelles" title="Telecommunications in Seychelles">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Seychelles" title="Tourism in Seychelles">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Seychelles" title="Transport in Seychelles">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Seychelles" title="Category:Society of Seychelles">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Seychelles" title="Abortion in Seychelles">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of Seychelles">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Seychelles" title="Demographics of Seychelles">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Seychelles" title="Education in Seychelles">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Seychelles" title="Flag of Seychelles">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Seychelles" title="Languages of Seychelles">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Seychellois_people" title="List of Seychellois people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Seychelles" title="Music of Seychelles">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Seychelles" title="Public holidays in Seychelles">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Seychelles" title="Religion in Seychelles">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Seychelles" title="Category:Sport in Seychelles">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Seychelles" title="Women in Seychelles">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Seychelles" title="Outline of Seychelles">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Seychelles-related_articles" title="Index of Seychelles-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Seychelles" title="Category:Seychelles">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Related_articles83" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Related_articles83" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_of_Africa699" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_Africa" title="Template:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_Africa" title="Template talk:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_of_Africa699" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Africa" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa">Countries and territories</a> of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> (partly in Asia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Territorial_dispute" title="Territorial dispute">unclear sovereignty</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent<br />territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Îles Éparses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">African territories<br />fully part of<br />non-African states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantelleria" title="Pantelleria">Pantelleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagie_Islands" title="Pelagie Islands">Pelagie Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savage_Islands" title="Savage Islands">Savage Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_soberan%C3%ADa" title="Plazas de soberanía">Plazas de soberanía</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socotra" title="Socotra">Socotra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Africa" title="Category:Africa">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean71" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Template:Countries and territories bordering the Indian Ocean"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Template talk:Countries and territories bordering the Indian Ocean"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries and territories bordering the Indian Ocean"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean71" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and territories bordering the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Ocean.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Indian Ocean"><img alt="Map of the Indian Ocean" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Indian_Ocean.svg/100px-Indian_Ocean.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Indian_Ocean.svg/150px-Indian_Ocean.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Indian_Ocean.svg/200px-Indian_Ocean.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="440" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">United Kingdom</span></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Australia)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Australia)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timor">Timor-Leste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Territory" title="Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands" title="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Southern_African_Development_Community_(SADC)77" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Template:Southern African Development Community"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Template talk:Southern African Development Community"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Southern African Development Community"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Southern_African_Development_Community_(SADC)77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Southern African Development Community">Southern African Development Community</a> (SADC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Chairpersons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Levy_Mwanawasa" title="Levy Mwanawasa">Levy Mwanawasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kgalema_Motlanthe" title="Kgalema Motlanthe">Kgalema Motlanthe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Secretaries-General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaire_Mbuende" title="Kaire Mbuende">Kaire Mbuende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prega_Ramsamy" title="Prega Ramsamy">Prega Ramsamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomaz_Salom%C3%A3o" title="Tomaz Salomão">Tomaz Salomão</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Coordination_Conference" title="Southern African Development Coordination Conference">Southern African Development Coordination Conference <span style="font-size:85%;">(forerunner)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Customs_Union" title="Southern African Customs Union">Southern African Customs Union <span style="font-size:85%;">(SACU)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Monetary_Area" title="Common Monetary Area">Common Monetary Area <span style="font-size:85%;">(CMA)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Market_for_Eastern_and_Southern_Africa" title="Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa">Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa <span style="font-size:85%;">(COMESA)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="African_Union350" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:African_Union" title="Template:African Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:African_Union" title="Template talk:African Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:African_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:African Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="African_Union350" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_African_Union" title="History of the African Union">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-Africanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Africa" title="Decolonisation of Africa">Decolonisation of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casablanca_Group" title="Casablanca Group">Casablanca Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monrovia_Group" title="Monrovia Group">Monrovia Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_and_Malagasy_Union" title="African and Malagasy Union">African and Malagasy Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Union" title="African Monetary Union">Abuja Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirte_Declaration" title="Sirte Declaration">Sirte Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutive_Act_of_the_African_Union" title="Constitutive Act of the African Union">Lome Summit</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Organisation of African Unity">Organisation of African Unity</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Secretary General of the Organisation of African Unity">Secretary General</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_African_Union" title="Geography of the African Union">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Countries_bordering_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Countries bordering the African Union">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of the African Union">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_African_Union" title="Member states of the African Union">Member states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_African_Union" title="Regions of the African Union">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organs_of_the_African_Union" title="Organs of the African Union">Organs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_the_African_Union" title="Executive Council of the African Union">Executive Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Representatives%27_Committee_of_the_African_Union" title="Permanent Representatives' Committee of the African Union">Permanent Representatives' Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialised_Technical_Committees_of_the_African_Union" title="Specialised Technical Committees of the African Union">Specialized Technical Committees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_African_Union" title="Assembly of the African Union">Assembly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union" title="Chairperson of the African Union">Chairperson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Commission" title="African Union Commission">Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union_Commission" title="Chairperson of the African Union Commission">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union_Commission" title="Chairperson of the African Union Commission">Deputy Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Conference_Center_and_Office_Complex" title="African Union Conference Center and Office Complex">AUCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_African_Union_Commission_Chairperson_election" title="2025 African Union Commission Chairperson election">2025 election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pan-African_Parliament" title="Pan-African Parliament">Pan-African Parliament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_the_Pan-African_Parliament" title="Bureau of the Pan-African Parliament">Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Pan-African_Parliament" title="Secretariat of the Pan-African Parliament">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallagher_Convention_Centre" title="Gallagher Convention Centre">Gallagher Estate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_African_Union" title="Court of Justice of the African Union">African Court of Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Court_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic,_Social_and_Cultural_Council" title="Economic, Social and Cultural Council">ECOSOCC Committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Security_Committee" title="Peace and Security Committee">Peace and Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Affairs_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Political Affairs Committee (African Union)">Political Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_and_Energy_Committee" title="Infrastructure and Energy Committee">Infrastructure and Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Affairs_and_Health_Committee" title="Social Affairs and Health Committee">Social Affairs and Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Resources,_Science,_and_Technology_Committee" title="Human Resources, Science, and Technology Committee">HR, Sciences and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_and_Industry_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Trade and Industry Committee (African Union)">Trade and Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_Economy_and_Agriculture_Committee" title="Rural Economy and Agriculture Committee">Rural Economy and Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Affairs_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Economic Affairs Committee (African Union)">Economic Affairs</a></li> <li>Women and Gender</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Cutting_Programs_Committee" title="Cross-Cutting Programs Committee">Cross-Cutting Programs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Central_Bank" title="African Central Bank">African Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Fund" title="African Monetary Fund">African Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Investment_Bank" title="African Investment Bank">African Investment Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Security_Council" title="Peace and Security Council">Peace and Security Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Capacity_for_Immediate_Response_to_Crises" title="African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crises">ACIRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Standby_Force" title="African Standby Force">African Standby Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_of_the_Wise" title="Panel of the Wise">Panel of the Wise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations%E2%80%93African_Union_Mission_in_Darfur" title="United Nations–African Union Mission in Darfur">UNAMID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_in_Burundi" title="African Union Mission in Burundi">AMIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_in_Sudan" title="African Union Mission in Sudan">AMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_to_Somalia" title="African Union Mission to Somalia">AMISOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MISCA" title="MISCA">MISCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialised agencies and institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Centres_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention">Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the African Union">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Peer_Review_Mechanism" title="African Peer Review Mechanism">APRM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_African_Union" title="Foreign relations of the African Union">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Charter_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Commission_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_African_Union" title="Enlargement of the African Union">Enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">United States Africa Command</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_military_bases" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States military bases">United States military bases</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_ambassadors_to_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States ambassadors to the African Union">United States ambassadors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union%E2%80%93Ethiopia_relations" title="African Union–Ethiopia relations">African Union–Ethiopia relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the African Union">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Let_Us_All_Unite_and_Celebrate_Together" title="Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_the_African_Union" title="Emblem of the African Union">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_African_Union" title="Flag of the African Union">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Passport" title="African Union Passport">Passport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_African_Union" title="Economy of the African Union">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_central_banks_of_Africa" title="List of central banks of Africa">Currencies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gold_standard#Advocates" title="Gold standard">Gold standard</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Development_Bank" title="African Development Bank">Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Economic_Community" title="African Economic Community">African Economic Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Partnership_for_Africa%27s_Development" title="New Partnership for Africa's Development">NEPAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Continental_Free_Trade_Area" title="African Continental Free Trade Area">African Continental Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_African_Air_Transport_Market" title="Single African Air Transport Market">Single African Air Transport Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Day" title="Africa Day">Africa Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Border_Day" title="African Border Day">African Border Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Union" title="African Monetary Union">Afro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Africa">Federal Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Latin_Africa" title="United States of Latin Africa">United States of Latin Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_African_Federation" title="East African Federation">East African Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:African_Union" title="Category:African Union">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie304" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:La_Francophonie" title="Template:La Francophonie"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:La_Francophonie" title="Template talk:La Francophonie"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:La_Francophonie" title="Special:EditPage/Template:La Francophonie"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie304" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">National/regional members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">French Community of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Suspended members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_parlementaire_de_la_Francophonie" title="Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie">Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agence_de_Coop%C3%A9ration_Culturelle_et_Technique" title="Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique">Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agence_universitaire_de_la_Francophonie" title="Agence universitaire de la Francophonie">Agence universitaire de la Francophonie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_French_Language_Day" title="UN French Language Day">UN French Language Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Francophonie_Day" title="International Francophonie Day">International Francophonie Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeux_de_la_Francophonie" title="Jeux de la Francophonie">Jeux de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_des_cinq_continents_de_la_francophonie" title="Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie">Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_des_francophones_fonctionnaires_des_organisations_internationales" title="Assemblée des francophones fonctionnaires des organisations internationales">AFFOI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV5Monde" title="TV5Monde">TV5Monde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_La_Francophonie" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in La Francophonie">LGBT rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francophone_economy" title="Francophone economy">Francophone economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senghor_University" title="Senghor University">Senghor University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Category:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations321" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Commonwealth" title="Template:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Commonwealth" title="Template talk:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Commonwealth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations321" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations">Members</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a><br />(members)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini (Swaziland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">Associated states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands" title="Ashmore and Cartier Islands">Ashmore and Cartier Islands</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Territory" title="Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coral_Sea_Islands" title="Coral Sea Islands">Coral Sea Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands" title="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ross_Dependency" title="Ross Dependency">Ross Dependency</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries">Commonwealth Secretariat – Member Countries</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_regions_in_the_Somali_plate73" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_and_regions_in_the_Somali_Plate" title="Template:Countries and regions in the Somali Plate"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Countries_and_regions_in_the_Somali_Plate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Countries and regions in the Somali Plate (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_and_regions_in_the_Somali_Plate" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries and regions in the Somali Plate"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_regions_in_the_Somali_plate73" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and regions in the <a href="/wiki/Somali_plate" title="Somali plate">Somali plate</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal" title="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(South Africa)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socotra" title="Socotra">Socotra</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Yemen)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Region" title="Somali Region">Somali Region</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Ethiopia)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1042#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2619" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1042#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2619" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1042#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000040459108X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/141529571">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205626/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgt6Rh9tWMGxVCKmtQpfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4054694-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79071099">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12002381k">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12002381k">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00576370">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35491246">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Seychely"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130797&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX453108">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90743720">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000219799">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/mkz118l5247m2dd">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007564347005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/be43ea01-053a-3b23-b03d-2df8317a57ff">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01576248?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/1db8461e-769f-423e-bad8-f7551927676b">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/FrzmGySb">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028127587">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10035806">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seychelles&params=4_35_S_55_40_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°35′S</span> <span class="longitude">55°40′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.583°S 55.667°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.583; 55.667</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&oldid=1275870294">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seychelles&oldid=1275870294</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Seychelles" title="Category:Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1976_establishments_in_Africa" title="Category:1976 establishments in Africa">1976 establishments in 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