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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Linguistik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linguistik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Linguistik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linguistik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Masalah_pada_Penamaan_dan_Pelabelan_Dalam_Semantik_Linguistik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masalah_pada_Penamaan_dan_Pelabelan_Dalam_Semantik_Linguistik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Masalah pada Penamaan dan Pelabelan Dalam Semantik Linguistik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masalah_pada_Penamaan_dan_Pelabelan_Dalam_Semantik_Linguistik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ilmu_Komputer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ilmu_Komputer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ilmu Komputer</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ilmu_Komputer-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Ilmu Komputer</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ilmu_Komputer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bahasa_Pemrograman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bahasa_Pemrograman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Bahasa Pemrograman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bahasa_Pemrograman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Semantika (linguistika)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 90 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantiek" title="Semantiek – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Semantiek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Semantik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_(%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="الدلاليات (لسانيات) – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدلاليات (لسانيات)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A1ntica" title="Semántica – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Semántica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантыка – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Семантыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сэмантыка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сэмантыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="বাগর্থবিজ্ঞান – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাগর্থবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Semantik" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A0ntica" title="Semàntica – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Semàntica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="واتاناسی – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="واتاناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9mantika" title="Sémantika – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sémantika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Семантика (лингвистика) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Семантика (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semanteg" title="Semanteg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Semanteg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Semantik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Semantik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Σημασιολογία – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σημασιολογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantiko" title="Semantiko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Semantiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A1ntica_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica" title="Semántica lingüística – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Semántica lingüística" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantiikka" title="Semantiikka – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Semantiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkingarfr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Merkingarfrøði – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Merkingarfrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9mantique" title="Sémantique – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sémantique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantyk" title="Semantyk – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Semantyk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A1ntica" title="Semántica – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Semántica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantaght" title="Semantaght – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Semantaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अर्थविज्ञान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अर्थविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Semantik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szemantika" title="Szemantika – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szemantika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6_(%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6)" title="Իմաստաբանություն (լեզվաբանություն) – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իմաստաբանություն (լեզվաբանություն)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantica" title="Semantica – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Semantica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantiko" title="Semantiko – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Semantiko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkingarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Merkingarfræði – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Merkingarfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantica" title="Semantica – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Semantica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%91%B3%E8%AB%96_(%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="意味論 (言語学) – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="意味論 (言語学)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/smuske" title="smuske – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="smuske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Semantik" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სემასიოლოგია – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სემასიოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnamka" title="Tasnamka – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tasnamka" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%98%EB%AF%B8%EB%A1%A0" title="의미론 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="의미론" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantica" title="Semantica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Semantica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantica" title="Semantica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Semantica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantega" title="Semantega – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Semantega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Семантикась – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Семантикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9E%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="അർത്ഥവിജ്ഞാനം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അർത്ഥവിജ്ഞാനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="शब्दार्थशास्त्र – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शब्दार्थशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Semantik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अर्थविज्ञान – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अर्थविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantiek" title="Semantiek – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Semantiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantikk" title="Semantikk – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Semantikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantikk" title="Semantikk – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Semantikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantike" title="Semantike – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Semantike" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A5-%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਅਰਥ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਰਥ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantyka_(j%C4%99zykoznawstwo)" title="Semantyka (językoznawstwo) – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Semantyka (językoznawstwo)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="علم المعانی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="علم المعانی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A2ntica" title="Semântica – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Semântica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantica" title="Semantica – Reto-Roman" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Semantica" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Roman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic%C4%83" title="Semantică – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Semantică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semanteecs" title="Semanteecs – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Semanteecs" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ශබ්දාර්ථ විද්‍යාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ශබ්දාර්ථ විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantics" title="Semantics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Semantics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9mantika_(n%C3%A1uka)" title="Sémantika (náuka) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sémantika (náuka)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik_af_Betjuudengsleere" title="Semantik af Betjuudengsleere – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Semantik af Betjuudengsleere" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Semantik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantiki" title="Semantiki – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Semantiki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="சொற்பொருளியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சொற்பொருளியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palasurian" title="Palasurian – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Palasurian" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Семантика – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Семантика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="علم المعانی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="علم المعانی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%E1%BB%AF_ngh%C4%A9a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Ngữ nghĩa học – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngữ nghĩa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantika" title="Semantika – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Semantika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6" title="语义学 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="语义学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6" title="语义学 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="语义学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C-b%C4%AB-l%C5%ABn" title="Ì-bī-lūn – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ì-bī-lūn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel ini bukan mengenai <a href="/wiki/Semiotika" title="Semiotika">Semiotika</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Sintaksis" title="Sintaksis">Sintaksis</a>.</div> <p><b>Semantik</b> adalah cabang <a href="/wiki/Linguistik" title="Linguistik">linguistik</a> yang menyelidiki tentang makna bahasa.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dengan kata lain, semantik adalah pembelajaran/ilmu tentang makna atau arti yang terkandung dalam suatu bahasa, kode/lambang, atau representasi lain. Semantik biasanya dikaitkan dengan dua aspek lain yaitu <a href="/wiki/Sintaksis" title="Sintaksis">sintaksis</a>, pembentukan simbol kompleks dari simbol yang lebih sederhana, serta <a href="/wiki/Pragmatik" title="Pragmatik">pragmatik</a>, penggunaan praktis simbol oleh komunitas pada konteks tertentu. Semantik kebahasaan adalah kajian tentang makna yang digunakan untuk memahami ekspresi manusia melalui bahasa. Bentuk lain dari semantik mencakup semantik bahasa pemrograman, logika formal, dan <a href="/wiki/Semiotika" title="Semiotika">semiotika</a>. </p><p>Kata semantik itu sendiri menunjukkan berbagai ide dari populer yang sangat teknis. Hal ini sering digunakan dalam bahasa sehari-hari untuk menandakan suatu masalah pemahaman yang datang ke pemilihan kata atau <a href="/wiki/Konotasi" title="Konotasi">konotasi</a>. Masalah pemahaman ini telah menjadi <a href="/wiki/Subjek" title="Subjek">subjek</a> dari banyak pertanyaan formal, selama jangka waktu yang panjang, terutama dalam bidang semantik formal. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Linguistik" title="Linguistik">linguistik</a>, itu adalah kajian tentang interpretasi tanda-tanda atau <a href="/wiki/Simbol" title="Simbol">simbol</a> yang digunakan dalam agen atau masyarakat dalam keadaan tertentu dan konteks.<sup id="cite_ref-Neurath1955_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neurath1955-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam pandangan ini, suara, <a href="/wiki/Ekspresi_wajah" title="Ekspresi wajah">ekspresi wajah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_tubuh" title="Bahasa tubuh">bahasa tubuh</a>, dan <i>proxemics</i> memiliki semantik konten (bermakna), dan masing-masing terdiri dari beberapa cabang kajian. Dalam bahasa tertulis, hal-hal seperti struktur ayat dan tanda baca menanggung konten semantik, bentuk lain dari bahasa menanggung konten semantik lainnya.<sup id="cite_ref-Neurath1955_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neurath1955-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kajian formal semantik bersinggungan dengan banyak bidang penyelidikan lain, termasuk <a href="/wiki/Leksikologi" title="Leksikologi">leksikologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sintaksis" title="Sintaksis">sintaksis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pragmatik" title="Pragmatik">pragmatik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etimologi" title="Etimologi">etimologi</a> dan lain-lain, meskipun semantik adalah bidang yang didefinisikan dengan baik dalam dirinya sendiri, sering dengan sifat sintetis.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Filsafat_bahasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Filsafat bahasa">filsafat bahasa</a>, semantik dan <a href="/wiki/Referensi" class="mw-redirect" title="Referensi">referensi</a> berhubungan erat. Bidang-bidang terkait termasuk <a href="/wiki/Filologi" title="Filologi">filologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komunikasi" title="Komunikasi">komunikasi</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Semiotika" title="Semiotika">semiotika</a>. Kajian formal semantik karena itu menjadi kompleks. </p><p>Semantik berbeda dengan <a href="/wiki/Sintaksis" title="Sintaksis">sintaksis</a>, kajian tentang <a href="/wiki/Kombinatorika" title="Kombinatorika">kombinatorik</a> unit bahasa (tanpa mengacu pada maknanya), dan <a href="/wiki/Pragmatik" title="Pragmatik">pragmatik</a>, kajian tentang hubungan antara simbol-simbol bahasa, makna, dan pengguna bahasa.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalam kosakata ilmiah internasional, semantik juga disebut <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semasiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Semasiologi (halaman belum tersedia)">semasiologi</a>.</i> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Linguistik">Linguistik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Linguistik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Linguistik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam <a href="/wiki/Linguistik" title="Linguistik">linguistik</a>, semantik adalah sub-bidang yang dikhususkan untuk kajian tentang makna, seperti yang melekat di tingkat <a href="/wiki/Kata" title="Kata">kata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frasa" title="Frasa">frasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalimat" title="Kalimat">kalimat</a>, dan unit yang lebih besar dari <a href="/wiki/Wacana" title="Wacana">wacana</a> (disebut <a href="/wiki/Teks" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Teks">teks</a>). Daerah dasar kajian ini adalah arti dari tanda-tanda, dan kajian tentang hubungan antara unit linguistik yang berbeda dan senyawa: <a href="/wiki/Homonim" title="Homonim">homonim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polisemi" title="Polisemi">polisemi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinonim" title="Sinonim">sinonim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antonim" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonim">antonim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hipernim" class="mw-redirect" title="Hipernim">hipernim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiponim" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiponim">hiponim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meronim" title="Meronim">meronim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metonimia" title="Metonimia">metonimia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holonim" class="mw-redirect" title="Holonim">holonim</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paronim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paronim (halaman belum tersedia)">paronim</a>. Perhatian utama adalah bagaimana makna menempel pada potongan yang lebih besar dari teks, mungkin sebagai akibat dari komposisi dari unit yang lebih kecil dari makna. Secara tradisional, semantik meliputi kajian tentang arti dan referensi denotatif, kondisi kebenaran, struktur argumen, peran tematik, analisis wacana, dan hubungan semua ini untuk sintaks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Masalah_pada_Penamaan_dan_Pelabelan_Dalam_Semantik_Linguistik">Masalah pada Penamaan dan Pelabelan Dalam Semantik Linguistik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Masalah pada Penamaan dan Pelabelan Dalam Semantik Linguistik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Masalah pada Penamaan dan Pelabelan Dalam Semantik Linguistik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Menurut Robert Palmer (2010), penamaan dan penafsiran sebuah objek lebih mudah dilakukan pada kelas kata benda (nomina), tetapi akan terasa sulit pada kelas kata sifat (adjektiva) dan kerja (verba), kata benda tidak nyata, kata benda abstrak, dan kata benda yang memiliki makna terkait dengan lainnya.<sup id="cite_ref-Palmer2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palmer2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1. Kesulitan pada nomina dan adjektiva. </p> <pre>Contoh: Kata Adjektiva: cantik, terkenal, baik, jahat. Kata Verba: Berlari, bekerja, melihat, dsb. </pre> <p>Kata-kata ini dianggap sulit untuk ditemukan karakteristik-karakteristiknya secara terperinci. Misalnya pada kata lari, seseorang harus membayangkan terlebih dahulu apa yang dimaksud dengan lari? Lalu, atribut apa sajakah yang terlibat dalam kegiatan berlari? Apakah itu menggerakkan kaki atau tangan saja? </p><p>2. Kata benda yang tidak eksis di dunia nyata, kata benda imajiner. </p> <pre>Contoh: kuda tanduk, tuyul, peri dan lainnya. </pre> <p>Kata-kata benda tersebut merupakan contoh bahwa kata tidak selalu memiliki kaitan makna dengan segala sesuatu yang kita alami di dunia nyata. Dalam kasus ini, sang pengucap harus terlebih dahulu memisahkan dua jenis dunia yang terdapat di pikirannya, yaitu antara dunia nyata dan dunia imajiner agar mendapatkan makna yang diinginkan. </p><p>3. Kata-kata yang tidak termasuk kata benda imajiner maupun fisik. </p> <pre>Contoh: Cinta, benci, indah, dan lainnya. </pre> <p>Semua ini adalah kata benda, meskipun bersifat abstrak. Dan biasanya kata-kata benda tersebut berdampingan dengan kata benda lainnya. </p><p>4. Objek yang memiliki makna yang berbeda, tetapi merujuk pada objek yang sama. </p> <pre>Contoh: bintang pagi dan bintang sore. </pre> <p>Dua objek ini memiliki perbedaan dalam hal kenampakkan dan istilah, tetapi merujuk pada objek yang sama. </p><p>5. Kata-kata yang secara visual bersangkutan dan objek-objek lainnya yang pernah kita temui. </p> <pre>Contoh: Bangku, bisa berkaitan dengan banyak jenis bangku dengan namanya masing-masing. </pre> <p>Ada dua penjelasan mengenai hal ini: • Yang pertama adalah ‘<i>realist</i>’, yang berpendapat bahwa semua benda yang disebut dengan nama yang sama memiliki properti yang sama – bahwa ada beberapa hal baku mengenai bangku, bukit, ataupun rumah. • Kedua pandangan ‘<i>nominalist</i>’, yang berpendapat bahwa setiap kata sama sekali tidak terhubung dengan lainnya, atau mereka memiliki maknanya tersendiri. </p><p>6. Kata atau istilah yang memiliki kelas makna yang sudah sewajarnya. </p> <pre>Contoh: Singa adalah singa, kucing adalah kucing, zat kimia, dan lainnya. </pre> <p>Akan tetapi, tidak semua kata yang kita kenal hanya terpaku pada satu macam makna. </p> <pre>Contoh: Bloomfiled memaknai garam sebagai campuran zat NaCl. Namun, lazimnya kita mengatakan garam adalah sesuatu yang digunakan untuk memasak sayur, telur dadar, atau lainnya. </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ilmu_Komputer">Ilmu Komputer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Ilmu Komputer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ilmu Komputer"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam <a href="/wiki/Ilmu_komputer" title="Ilmu komputer">ilmu komputer</a>, semantik merujuk pada arti bahasa, sebagai lawan dari bentuk mereka (<a href="/wiki/Sintaks" class="mw-redirect" title="Sintaks">sintaks</a>). Menurut Euzenat, semantik "menyediakan aturan untuk menafsirkan sintaks yang tidak memberikan makna secara langsung tetapi membatasi kemungkinan penafsiran dari apa yang dinyatakan."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dengan kata lain, semantik adalah tentang penafsiran dari sebuah ekspresi. Selain itu, istilah ini diterapkan untuk beberapa jenis struktur data khusus dirancang dan digunakan untuk mewakili konten informasi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bahasa_Pemrograman">Bahasa Pemrograman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Bahasa Pemrograman" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bahasa Pemrograman"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Semantik dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_pemrograman" title="Bahasa pemrograman">bahasa pemrograman</a> dan bahasa lainnya merupakan isu penting dan bidang studi dalam ilmu komputer. Seperti <a href="/wiki/Sintaks" class="mw-redirect" title="Sintaks">sintaks</a> bahasa, semantik dapat didefinisikan dengan tepat. </p><p>Sebagai contoh, pernyataan berikut menggunakan sintaks yang berbeda, tetapi menyebabkan instruksi yang sama yang akan dijalankan: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%; text-align: left; width: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Statement </th> <th>Bahasa Pemrograman </th></tr> <tr> <td><code>x += y</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="C (programming language)">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=C_Sharp_(programming_language)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C Sharp (programming language) (halaman belum tersedia)">C#</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby_(programming_language)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruby (programming language) (halaman belum tersedia)">Ruby</a>, <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a>, etc. </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>x:= x + y</code> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=ALGOL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ALGOL (halaman belum tersedia)">ALGOL</a>, <a href="/wiki/BCPL" title="BCPL">BCPL</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simula (halaman belum tersedia)">Simula</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ALGOL_68&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ALGOL 68 (halaman belum tersedia)">ALGOL 68</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=SETL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SETL (halaman belum tersedia)">SETL</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pascal_(programming_language)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pascal (programming language) (halaman belum tersedia)">Pascal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smalltalk" title="Smalltalk">Smalltalk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Modula-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modula-2 (halaman belum tersedia)">Modula-2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ada_(programming_language)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ada (programming language) (halaman belum tersedia)">Ada</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_ML&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard ML (halaman belum tersedia)">Standard ML</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCaml&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCaml (halaman belum tersedia)">OCaml</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eiffel_(programming_language)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eiffel (programming language) (halaman belum tersedia)">Eiffel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Object_Pascal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Object Pascal (halaman belum tersedia)">Object Pascal</a> (Delphi), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon_(programming_language)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oberon (programming language) (halaman belum tersedia)">Oberon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dylan_(programming_language)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dylan (programming language) (halaman belum tersedia)">Dylan</a>, <a href="/wiki/VHDL" title="VHDL">VHDL</a>, etc. </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>ADD x, y</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Assembly_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Assembly language">Assembly languages</a>: <a href="/wiki/Intel_8086" title="Intel 8086">Intel 8086</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>LET X = X + Y</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BASIC" title="BASIC">BASIC</a>: early </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>x = x + y</code> </td> <td>BASIC: most dialects; <a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a>, <a href="/wiki/MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lua_(programming_language)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lua (programming language) (halaman belum tersedia)">Lua</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>Set x = x + y</code> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cach%C3%A9_ObjectScript&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caché ObjectScript (halaman belum tersedia)">Caché ObjectScript</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>ADD Y TO X.</code> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=ABAP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABAP (halaman belum tersedia)">ABAP</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>ADD Y TO X GIVING X</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/COBOL" title="COBOL">COBOL</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>set /a x=x+y</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Batch_file" class="mw-redirect" title="Batch file">Batch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>(incf x y)</code> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Common_Lisp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Common Lisp (halaman belum tersedia)">Common Lisp</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>/x y x add def</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/PostScript" title="PostScript">PostScript</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Umumnya operasi ini semua akan melakukan penambahan aritmetika dari 'y' menjadi 'x' dan menyimpan hasilnya dalam variabel yang disebut 'x'. </p><p>== Rujukan </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Efron Erwin Yohanis Loe (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/sasdayajournal/article/view/27783">"Verba "Melukai" Dalam Bahasa Rote Dialek Dengka: Kajian Meta Semantik Alami (MSA)"</a>. <i>Sasdaya</i>. <b>1</b> (2): 220. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2548-3218">2548-3218</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sasdaya&rft.atitle=Verba+%E2%80%9CMelukai%E2%80%9D+Dalam+Bahasa+Rote+Dialek+Dengka%3A+Kajian+Meta+Semantik+Alami+%28MSA%29&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=220&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=2548-3218&rft.au=Efron+Erwin+Yohanis+Loe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjurnal.ugm.ac.id%2Fsasdayajournal%2Farticle%2Fview%2F27783&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASemantika+%28linguistika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neurath1955-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Neurath1955_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neurath1955_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Otto_Neurath" title="Otto Neurath">Neurath, Otto</a>; <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Carnap" title="Rudolf Carnap">Carnap, Rudolf</a>; Morris, Charles F. W. (Editors) (1955). <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Encyclopedia_of_Unified_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Encyclopedia of Unified Science (halaman belum tersedia)">International Encyclopedia of Unified Science</a></i>. Chicago, IL: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+Unified+Science&rft.place=Chicago%2C+IL&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1955&rft.aulast=Neurath&rft.aufirst=Otto&rft.au=Carnap%2C+Rudolf&rft.au=Morris%2C+Charles+F.+W.+%28Editors%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASemantika+%28linguistika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cruse, Alan; <i>Meaning and Language: An introduction to Semantics and Pragmatics</i>, Chapter 1, Oxford Textbooks in Linguistics, 2004; Kearns, Kate; <i>Semantics</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palgrave_MacMillan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palgrave MacMillan (halaman belum tersedia)">Palgrave MacMillan</a> 2000; Cruse, D. A.; <i>Lexical Semantics</i>, Cambridge, MA, 1986.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Kitcher, Philip; Salmon, Wesley C. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/scientificexplan00kitc"><i>Scientific Explanation</i></a>. Minneapolis, MN: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Press" title="University of Minnesota Press">University of Minnesota Press</a>. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/scientificexplan00kitc/page/n49">35</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scientific+Explanation&rft.place=Minneapolis%2C+MN&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Kitcher&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.au=Salmon%2C+Wesley+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fscientificexplan00kitc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASemantika+%28linguistika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palmer2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Palmer2_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UWJSaxH9GiMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false">[1]</a>, F,R Palmer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Euzenat, Jerome. <i>Ontology Matching.</i> Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2007, p. 36</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link 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colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39645#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39645#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119332582">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001008780">Amerika Serikat</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85119870">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000048109&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00564060">Jepang</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph117272&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/124246873">Microsoft Academic</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&oldid=26497361">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semantika_(linguistika)&oldid=26497361</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Semantik" 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