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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Panama_Papers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panama_Papers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Panama Papers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panama_Papers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Football_Leaks_(2016/2017)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football_Leaks_(2016/2017)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Football Leaks (2016/2017)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football_Leaks_(2016/2017)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Differentiation_from_other_styles_of_journalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Differentiation_from_other_styles_of_journalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Differentiation from other styles of journalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Differentiation_from_other_styles_of_journalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Link_journalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Link_journalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Link journalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Link_journalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Implementation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Implementation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Implementation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Implementation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_for_collaborative_journalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_for_collaborative_journalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Awards for collaborative journalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_for_collaborative_journalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#efefef;padding:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">Journalism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Radio._CBC_Offices_BAnQ_P48S1P23108_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Radio._CBC_Offices_BAnQ_P48S1P23108_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Radio._CBC_Offices_BAnQ_P48S1P23108_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Radio._CBC_Offices_BAnQ_P48S1P23108_%28cropped%29.jpg/375px-Radio._CBC_Offices_BAnQ_P48S1P23108_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Radio._CBC_Offices_BAnQ_P48S1P23108_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-Radio._CBC_Offices_BAnQ_P48S1P23108_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="438" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/News" title="News">News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_style" title="News style">Writing style</a> (<a href="/wiki/Five_Ws" title="Five Ws">Five Ws</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journalism_ethics_and_standards" title="Journalism ethics and standards">Ethics</a> (<a href="/wiki/Code_of_ethics_in_media" title="Code of ethics in media">code of ethics</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journalism_culture" title="Journalism culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journalistic_objectivity" title="Journalistic objectivity">Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_values" title="News values">News values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_(journalism)" title="Source (journalism)">Attribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">Defamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensationalism" title="Sensationalism">Sensationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Editorial_independence" title="Editorial independence">Editorial independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journalism_school" title="Journalism school">Journalism school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_journalism_articles" title="Index of journalism articles">Index of journalism articles</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#efefef;"> Areas</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_journalism" title="Arts journalism">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_journalism" title="Business journalism">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_journalism" title="Data journalism">Data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_journalism" title="Entertainment journalism">Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_journalism" title="Environmental journalism">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_journalism" title="Fashion journalism">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_journalism" title="Medical journalism">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_journalism" title="Music journalism">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_journalism" title="Political journalism">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_journalism" title="Science journalism">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_journalism" title="Sports journalism">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_journalism" title="Technology journalism">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_reporting" title="Traffic reporting">Traffic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_journalism" title="Video game journalism">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_correspondent" title="War correspondent">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_forecasting" title="Weather forecasting">Weather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_news" title="World news">World</a></li></ul> </td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#efefef;"> Genres</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adversarial_journalism" title="Adversarial journalism">Adversarial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advocacy_journalism" title="Advocacy journalism">Advocacy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Journalistic_interventionism" title="Journalistic interventionism">Interventionism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analytic_journalism" title="Analytic journalism">Analytic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">Blogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_journalism" title="Broadcast journalism">Broadcast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churnalism" title="Churnalism">Churnalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_journalism" title="Citizen journalism">Citizen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_journalism" title="Civic journalism">Civic</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Collaborative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comics_journalism" title="Comics journalism">Comics-based</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_journalism" title="Community journalism">Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_journalism" title="Data journalism">Data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_journalism" title="Database journalism">Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_journalism" title="Digital journalism">Digital/Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explanatory_journalism" title="Explanatory journalism">Explanatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fact-checking" title="Fact-checking">Fact-checking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzo_journalism" title="Gonzo journalism">Gonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-interest_story" title="Human-interest story">Human-interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immersion_journalism" title="Immersion journalism">Immersion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpretive_journalism" title="Interpretive journalism">Interpretive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investigative_journalism" title="Investigative journalism">Investigative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_journalism" title="Multimedia journalism">Multimedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_journalism" title="Narrative journalism">Narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Journalism" title="New Journalism">New Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-profit_journalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-profit journalism">Non-profit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_journalism" title="Opinion journalism">Opinion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_journalism" title="Peace journalism">Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photojournalism" title="Photojournalism">Photojournalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_release" title="Press release">Press release</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensor_journalism" title="Sensor journalism">Sensor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabloid_journalism" title="Tabloid journalism">Tabloid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_press" title="Underground press">Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_journalism" title="Video journalism">Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_journalism" title="Visual journalism">Visual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watchdog_journalism" title="Watchdog journalism">Watchdog</a></li></ul> </td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#efefef;"> Social impact</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">Fake news</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Estate" title="Fourth Estate">Fourth Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Estate" title="Fifth Estate">Fifth Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">Freedom of the press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infotainment" title="Infotainment">Infotainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_race_journalism" title="Horse race journalism">Horse race journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias" title="Media bias">Media bias</a> (<a href="/wiki/False_balance" title="False balance">False balance</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink-slime_journalism" title="Pink-slime journalism">Pink-slime journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_relations" title="Public relations">Public relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_model" title="Propaganda model">Propaganda model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_journalism" title="Yellow journalism">Yellow journalism</a></li></ul> </td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#efefef;"> <a href="/wiki/News_media" title="News media">News media</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newspaper" title="Newspaper">Newspapers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Newspaper_of_record" title="Newspaper of record">Newspaper of record</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magazine" title="Magazine">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_broadcasting" title="News broadcasting">TV and radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_newspaper" title="Online newspaper">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_agency" title="News agency">News agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_media" title="Alternative media">Alternative media</a></li></ul> </td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#efefef;"> Roles</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">Journalists (reporters)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columnist" title="Columnist">Columnist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">Blogger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Editing" title="Editing">Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copy_editing" title="Copy editing">Copy editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorologist" title="Meteorologist">Meteorologist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_presenter" title="News presenter">News presenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photojournalism" title="Photojournalism">Photographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pundit" title="Pundit">Pundit / commentator</a></li></ul> </td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/16px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/24px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/32px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Journalism" title="Portal:Journalism">Journalism portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Journalism" title="Category:Journalism">Category: Journalism</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Journalism_sidebar" title="Template:Journalism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Journalism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Journalism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Journalism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Journalism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Collaborative journalism</b> is a growing practice in the field of <a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">journalism</a>. One definition is "a cooperative arrangement (formal or informal) between two or more news and information organizations, which aims to supplement each organization’s resources and maximize the impact of the content produced."<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is practiced by both professional and <a href="/wiki/Amateur_journalism" title="Amateur journalism">amateur</a> reporters. It is not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Citizen_journalism" title="Citizen journalism">citizen journalism</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_definition">Further definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Further definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Collaborative journalism can take many forms. One way to categorize collaborations is by duration (either temporary or ongoing), or by the level of integration among collaborators (from no integration to top-level organizational integration). Most collaborations can be placed within a matrix defined by these two variables, as here: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Models_of_collaboration.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Models_of_collaboration.jpg/220px-Models_of_collaboration.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Models_of_collaboration.jpg/330px-Models_of_collaboration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Models_of_collaboration.jpg/440px-Models_of_collaboration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="3300" /></a><figcaption>Categorization matrix from the Center for Cooperative Media<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Depending on the system of collaboration, individuals may also provide <a href="/wiki/Feedback" title="Feedback">feedback</a> or <a href="/wiki/Vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote">vote</a> on whether an article is newsworthy. A single collaborative news story, therefore, may encompass multiple authors, varying articles, and ranged perspectives.<sup id="cite_ref-CCJ_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCJ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Professional" title="Professional">Professional</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amateur" title="Amateur">amateur</a> reporters may work together to develop collaborative news articles, or mainstream media sites may gather amateur blog posts to complement reporting.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Collaborative journalists either contribute directly to stories, sometimes through a wiki-style collaboration platform, or build upon the story externally, often through personal blogs. Through combined authorship, collaborative journalism is thought by some to offer an increased independence of thought and experience unavailable to traditional media.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Successful collaborative journalism projects require a participatory ethos with respect for content. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Collaboration among reporters or between newsrooms has been practiced in different forms for more than one hundred years. One of the earliest journalism collaborations was among the newsrooms that made up “the wires” in the mid-nineteenth century.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Through most of the twentieth century, especially after the advent of the penny papers, competition between outlets was the norm.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> But even during the height of profitability in the late twentieth century, when competition – not collaboration – was the most salient relationship between newsrooms, it was common practice for journalists on the same beat to collaborate by sharing notes, swapping tips, and helping each other out in general.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Formal collaboration during that period was most common among individuals or departments within a single organization, rather than between separate organizations. For example, <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">Cable News Network</a> (CNN) was formed in 1980, and codified intra-newsroom sharing – between the national headquarters and its television news affiliates – with CNN NewsSource in 1988.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>However, there is a qualitative difference in the consciousness and intentionality with which collaborations are now being undertaken. The current excitement about collaborative journalism began in the mid-2000s, when publishers, journalism scholars, and foundations began to look at the opportunities made possible by digital networking.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Panama_Papers">Panama Papers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Panama Papers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers" title="Panama Papers">Panama Papers</a> project may be the largest example of a journalistic consortium to date. It began sometime in 2015<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply a full or month-and-year "|date=" of publication, or use "|year=year not specified" for intentional omission. (May 2024)">date missing</span></a></i>]</sup> when <a href="/wiki/Bastian_Obermayer" title="Bastian Obermayer">Bastian Obermayer</a>, an investigative reporter with the south German newspaper <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCddeutsche_Zeitung" title="Süddeutsche Zeitung">Süddeutsche Zeitung</a>, was contacted by an anonymous source<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and offered the trove of 11.5 million electronic documents from <a href="/wiki/Mossack_Fonseca" title="Mossack Fonseca">Mossack Fonseca</a>, the world's fourth biggest offshore law firm detailing a web of secret offshore deals and loans worth billions of dollars, and details of <a href="/wiki/Tax_avoidance" title="Tax avoidance">tax avoidance</a> designs in numerous countries. The newspaper's editors decided they could not handle the massive volume of information alone and initiated a collaborative journalistic <a href="/wiki/Consortium" title="Consortium">consortium</a> including more than 140 journalists and the <a href="/wiki/International_Consortium_of_Investigative_Journalists" title="International Consortium of Investigative Journalists">International Consortium of Investigative Journalists</a>, a project of the <a href="/wiki/Nonprofit" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonprofit">nonprofit</a> <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Public_Integrity" title="Center for Public Integrity">Center for Public Integrity</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Football_Leaks_(2016/2017)"><span id="Football_Leaks_.282016.2F2017.29"></span>Football Leaks (2016/2017)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Football Leaks (2016/2017)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Football_Leaks" title="Football Leaks">Football Leaks</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/European_Investigative_Collaborations" title="European Investigative Collaborations">European Investigative Collaborations</a> (EIC) working with "over 60 journalists in 14 countries" published a "series of articles called <i>Football Leaks</i>—the "largest leak in sports history".<sup id="cite_ref-theblacksea_2017_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theblacksea_2017-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Football Leaks</i> "led to the prosecution of football superstar <a href="/wiki/Cristiano_Ronaldo" title="Cristiano Ronaldo">Cristiano Ronaldo</a> and coach <a href="/wiki/Jose_Mourinho" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Mourinho">Jose Mourinho</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-horizont_2017_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-horizont_2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> EIC was established in the fall of 2015 with founding members that include <i>Der Spiegel</i>, <i>El Mundo</i>, <i>Médiapart</i>, the Romanian Centre for Investigative Journalism (CRJI), and <i>Le Soir</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-EU_gov_Rengers_EIC_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EU_gov_Rengers_EIC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-journalismfund_2016_EIC_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-journalismfund_2016_EIC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-theblacksea_2016_EU_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theblacksea_2016_EU-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Differentiation_from_other_styles_of_journalism">Differentiation from other styles of journalism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Differentiation from other styles of journalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Collaborative journalism should not be confused with <a href="/wiki/Citizen_journalism" title="Citizen journalism">citizen journalism</a>, which is practiced only by amateur reporters who develop stories by actively reporting, collecting, analyzing and disseminating news and information, often through <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blogs</a> on the internet.</li> <li>It is not <a href="/wiki/Community_journalism" title="Community journalism">community journalism</a> or <a href="/wiki/Civic_Journalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic Journalism">civic journalism</a>, which are practiced only by professionals: <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Community_journalism" title="Community journalism">community journalism</a>, professional reporters focus their coverage on smaller communities, such as neighborhoods, suburbs, or small towns (rather than national or international coverage.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Journalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic Journalism">Civic journalism</a> is the philosophy and practice of professional journalists and newspapers acting as participants within a community, rather than detached spectators.</li></ul></li> <li>Collaborative journalism is similar, but not identical, to <a href="/wiki/Interactive_journalism" title="Interactive journalism">interactive journalism</a>, in which consumers contribute to a professional news story through commenting and conversing with the reporter.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_journalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki journalism">Wiki journalism</a> is a type of collaborative journalism.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Link_journalism">Link journalism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Link journalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Link_journalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Link journalism (page does not exist)">Link journalism</a>", a phrase coined by Scott Karp in 2008, is "a form of collaborative journalism in which a news story's writer provides external <a href="/wiki/Hyperlink" title="Hyperlink">links</a> within the story to reporting or other sources on the web."<sup id="cite_ref-Karp_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karp-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Link_Journalism_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Link_Journalism-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These links are meant to complement, enhance, or add context to the original reporting. <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Jarvis" title="Jeff Jarvis">Jeff Jarvis</a>, from the Graduate School of Journalism's new media program at the <a href="/wiki/City_University_of_New_York" title="City University of New York">City University of New York</a>, has said that link journalism creates a "new architecture of news."<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implementation">Implementation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Implementation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Collaborative journalism has been implemented in several different ways. <a href="/wiki/Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a>, the "free-content online news source," lets any user edit or create a news story, similar in style to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>. Several mainstream news sites have adopted a collaborative journalism approach toward news, through use of news aggregation. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> has developed a political site which links to related content from other news sites. <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> links to local newspapers, radio broadcasts, online videos, and blogs on its local television stations' sites. The sites do not separate articles written by NBC staff and links to outside sources. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> has introduced a <i>Times Extra</i> website feature which acts posts links to outside news sites.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commenting on the launch of <i>Times Extra</i>, <a href="/wiki/Marc_Frons" title="Marc Frons">Marc Frons</a>, CTO for Digital Operations at the New York Times, said:<sup id="cite_ref-Frons_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frons-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote> <p>“In the past, I think many news organizations were afraid to link to other Web sites out of fear that they might be sending people to an unreliable source or that their readers would never return. But those fears were largely misplaced and we’ve seen a much more open policy when it comes to pointing readers at useful content elsewhere on the Web." </p> </blockquote> <p>Other sites exhibit collaborative journalism through aggregation. On the site <a href="/wiki/NewsVine" class="mw-redirect" title="NewsVine">NewsVine</a>, for example, wire stories from the Associated Press complement user-generated stories and blog posts. <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a> and other news aggregation sites may also act as collaborative journalism sites, depending on where content originates. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_for_collaborative_journalism">Awards for collaborative journalism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Awards for collaborative journalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to the increase in collaborative journalism, several organizations have begun to offer grants or awards for these types of projects. For example, Online Journalism Awards (launched in May 2000) added a new award category for collaborations and partnerships.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clean Energy Wire offers grants for collaborative journalism projects on the topic of energy or the climate.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The annual Hostwriter Prize awards money to support pitches and published collaborative projects by journalists.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Collaborative journalism has received some criticism: </p> <ul><li>Some news stories require secrecy as they develop. Often sources cannot know that they are being investigated or reported on. When a single reporter investigates a person or organization, this secrecy is more likely to be kept. When news stories are developed collaboratively by multiple journalists, however, secrecy is more likely to be lost and the story jeopardized.<sup id="cite_ref-DigiDave_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DigiDave-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Quality of collaborative projects may be difficult to assess. <a href="/wiki/Fact-checking" title="Fact-checking">Fact-checking</a> may be difficult, as facts come from many different sources. Quality of writing and reporting may also differ among contributors.<sup id="cite_ref-Haber_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haber-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">Blog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_journalism" title="Citizen journalism">Citizen journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowdsourcing#In_journalism" title="Crowdsourcing">Crowdsourcing § In journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_journalism" title="Democratic journalism">Democratic journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Media_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Media Center">Independent Media Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interactive_journalism" title="Interactive journalism">Interactive journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_democracy" title="Media democracy">Media democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_media" title="New media">New media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsvine" title="Newsvine">Newsvine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_media" title="Old media">Old media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_journalism" title="Open-source journalism">Open-source journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_media" title="Participatory media">Participatory media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_news" class="mw-redirect" title="Social news">Social news</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_journalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki journalism">Wiki journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stonbely, S. (2017). Comparing Models of Collaborative Journalism, Center for Cooperative Media. Accessed at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://collaborativejournalism.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2017/09/Models-for-Collaborative-Journalism-research-paper.pdf">https://collaborativejournalism.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2017/09/Models-for-Collaborative-Journalism-research-paper.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180519095559/https://collaborativejournalism.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Models-for-Collaborative-Journalism-research-paper.pdf">Archived</a> 2018-05-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stonbely, S. (2017). Comparing Models of Collaborative Journalism. Center for Cooperative Media.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CCJ-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CCJ_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whatis.com "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://searchsoa.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid26_gci1090596,00.html">What is collaborative citizen journalism?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100919182929/http://searchsoa.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid26_gci1090596,00.html">Archived</a> 2010-09-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" 2006, <i>TechTarget</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Instablogs "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.instablogs.com/tour/">Instablogs Tour</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090307204057/http://www.instablogs.com/tour/">Archived</a> 2009-03-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" 2007, <i>Instablogs</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stelter, Brian. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/13/business/media/13reach.html?scp=1&sq=Mainstream%20News%20Outlets%20Start%20Linking%20to%20Other%20Sites&st=cse">Mainstream News Outlets Start Linking to Other Sites</a>" 12 October 2008, <i>New York Times</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Graves, L., & Konieczna, M. (2015). 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The Black Sea. March 18, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=EU%27s+freedom+of+goods+policy+opened+door+to+Paris+terror+attacks&rft.date=2016-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheblacksea.eu%2Findex.php%3FidT%3D88%26idC%3D88%26idRec%3D1230%26recType%3Dmultimedia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACollaborative+journalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Karp-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Karp_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karp, Brian. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publishing2.com/2008/02/25/how-link-journalism-could-have-transformed-the-new-york-times-reporting-on-mccain-ethics/">How Link Journalism Could Have Transformed the New York Times Reporting on McCain Ethics</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171207084702/http://publishing2.com/2008/02/25/how-link-journalism-could-have-transformed-the-new-york-times-reporting-on-mccain-ethics/">Archived</a> 2017-12-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" 2008, <i>Publish 2.0 Blog</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Link_Journalism-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Link_Journalism_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Publish2 "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.publish2.com/about/what-is-link-journalism">What is link journalism?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090312060206/http://www.publish2.com/about/what-is-link-journalism">Archived</a> 2009-03-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" 2009, <i>Publish2</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frons-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Frons_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frons, Marc. 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Grant for energy & climate journalism"</a>. <i>Clean Energy Wire</i>. 25 July 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Clean+Energy+Wire&rft.atitle=Go+collaborate%21+Grant+for+energy+%26+climate+journalism.&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleanenergywire.org%2Fgrant-collaborative-journalism-for-global-energy-transition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACollaborative+journalism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180705151258/https://hostwriter.org/sites/prize/">"Hostwriter Prize: Together for better journalism"</a>. <i>Hostwriter</i>. 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color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>" 1994</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collaborative_journalism&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Collaborative_journalism" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Collaborative journalism">Collaborative journalism</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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