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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-allergic_intolerance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Non-allergic intolerance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-allergic_intolerance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diagnosis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diagnosis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Diagnosis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diagnosis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prevention" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prevention"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Prevention</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prevention-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treatment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treatment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Treatment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Treatment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Treatment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Treatment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Immunotherapy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immunotherapy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Immunotherapy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immunotherapy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Avoiding_eggs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Avoiding_eggs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Avoiding eggs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Avoiding_eggs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prognosis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prognosis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Prognosis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prognosis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epidemiology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epidemiology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Epidemiology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epidemiology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Regulation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Regulation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Regulation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Regulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regulation_of_labelling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulation_of_labelling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Regulation of labelling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regulation_of_labelling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ingredients_intentionally_added" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ingredients_intentionally_added"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.1</span> <span>Ingredients intentionally added</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C2%B7l%C3%A8rgia_a_l%27ou" title="Al·lèrgia a l'ou – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Al·lèrgia a l'ou" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergia_al_huevo" title="Alergia al huevo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alergia al huevo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%AC%EA%B1%80_%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%88%EB%A5%B4%EA%B8%B0" title="달걀 알레르기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="달걀 알레르기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergi_telur" title="Alergi telur – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alergi telur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergia_alle_uova" title="Allergia alle uova – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Allergia alle uova" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אלרגיה לביצים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלרגיה לביצים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%A9rgi_endhog" title="Alérgi endhog – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Alérgi endhog" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergi_talua" title="Alergi talua – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Alergi talua" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%A9rgi_endog" title="Alérgi endog – Sundanese" lang="su" 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Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of food allergy caused by eggs</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-medical-condition"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Egg allergy</th></tr><tr style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Egg_(Explored_2015-11-02)_-_Flickr_-_Maria_Eklind.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Egg_%28Explored_2015-11-02%29_-_Flickr_-_Maria_Eklind.jpg/220px-Egg_%28Explored_2015-11-02%29_-_Flickr_-_Maria_Eklind.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Egg_%28Explored_2015-11-02%29_-_Flickr_-_Maria_Eklind.jpg/330px-Egg_%28Explored_2015-11-02%29_-_Flickr_-_Maria_Eklind.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Egg_%28Explored_2015-11-02%29_-_Flickr_-_Maria_Eklind.jpg/440px-Egg_%28Explored_2015-11-02%29_-_Flickr_-_Maria_Eklind.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4905" data-file-height="3918" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">A boiled chicken egg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medicine" title="Emergency medicine">Emergency medicine</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Allergy_and_immunology" class="mw-redirect" title="Allergy and immunology">Allergy & immunology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms" title="Signs and symptoms">Symptoms</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pruritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pruritus">itchiness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hives" title="Hives">rash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angiodema" class="mw-redirect" title="Angiodema">swelling of lips, tongue or the whole face</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eczema" class="mw-redirect" title="Eczema">eczema</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asthma_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Asthma attack">wheezing and shortness of breath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nausea" title="Nausea">nausea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vomiting" title="Vomiting">vomiting</a>, abdominal pain, <a href="/wiki/Diarrhea" title="Diarrhea">diarrhea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a><sup id="cite_ref-medlineplus_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medlineplus-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Causes</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Type_I_hypersensitivity" title="Type I hypersensitivity">Type I hypersensitivity</a><sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Risk_factor" title="Risk factor">Risk factors</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Consumption of chicken eggs, and also of baked goods that have eggs in the recipe.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_diagnosis" title="Medical diagnosis">Diagnostic method</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Medical history and standard allergy tests<sup id="cite_ref-Soares2014_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soares2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prevention</th><td class="infobox-data">Introduction to allergenic foods during infancy<sup id="cite_ref-Ferraro2019_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferraro2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Treatment</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Epinephrine_(medication)" title="Epinephrine (medication)">Epinephrine</a><sup id="cite_ref-EAACI2014_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EAACI2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Antihistamine" title="Antihistamine">Antihistamines</a> (mild)<sup id="cite_ref-AAFP_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAFP-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fineman2014_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fineman2014-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Prognosis" title="Prognosis">Prognosis</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Less than 30% of childhood egg allergies will persist into adulthood.<sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">In developed countries the prevalence of egg allergy in children under the age of five years is 1.8-2.0%.<sup id="cite_ref-Urisu_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urisu-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Egg allergy</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Immune_hypersensitivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Immune hypersensitivity">immune hypersensitivity</a> to <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteins</a> found in chicken <a href="/wiki/Egg" title="Egg">eggs</a>, and possibly goose, duck, or turkey eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symptoms can be either rapid or gradual in onset. The latter can take hours to days to appear. The former may include <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a>, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with <a href="/wiki/Epinephrine_(medication)" title="Epinephrine (medication)">epinephrine</a>. Other presentations may include <a href="/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis" title="Atopic dermatitis">atopic dermatitis</a> or <a href="/wiki/Allergic_eosinophilic_esophagitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Allergic eosinophilic esophagitis">inflammation of the esophagus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">cow's milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egg_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg (food)">eggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crustacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Crustacea">shellfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tree_nuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Tree nuts">tree nuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soy" class="mw-redirect" title="Soy">soybeans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">sesame seeds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The declaration of the presence of trace amounts of allergens in foods is not mandatory in any country, with the exception of Brazil.<sup id="cite_ref-Allen2014_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDAallergies2017_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDAallergies2017-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ANVISA2016_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANVISA2016-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prevention is by avoiding eating eggs and foods that may contain eggs, such as cake or cookies.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is unclear if the early introduction of the eggs to the diet of babies aged 4–6 months decreases the risk of egg allergies.<sup id="cite_ref-JAMA2016_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAMA2016-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fiocchi2016_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fiocchi2016-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Anderson_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fiocchi2006_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fiocchi2006-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Egg allergy appears mainly in children but can persist into adulthood. In the United States, it is the second most common food allergy in children after cow's milk. Most children outgrow egg allergy by the age of five, but some people remain allergic for a lifetime.<sup id="cite_ref-Japan2014_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Japan2014-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EggAllergyFacts_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EggAllergyFacts-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In North America and Western Europe, egg allergy occurs in 0.5% to 2.5% of children under the age of five years.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Urisu_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urisu-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority grow out of it by school age, but for roughly one-third, the allergy persists into adulthood. Strong predictors for adult-persistence are anaphylaxis, high egg-specific serum <a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">immunoglobulin E</a> (IgE), robust response to the skin prick test and absence of tolerance to egg-containing baked foods.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Signs_and_symptoms">Signs and symptoms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Signs and symptoms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.png/220px-Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.png/330px-Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.png/440px-Signs_and_symptoms_of_anaphylaxis.png 2x" data-file-width="3260" data-file-height="2742" /></a><figcaption>Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eczema_(14100950936).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Eczema_%2814100950936%29.jpg/220px-Eczema_%2814100950936%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Eczema_%2814100950936%29.jpg/330px-Eczema_%2814100950936%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Eczema_%2814100950936%29.jpg/440px-Eczema_%2814100950936%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="607" data-file-height="414" /></a><figcaption>Eczema present at backs of knees</figcaption></figure> <p>Food allergies usually have an onset from minutes to one to two hours. Symptoms may include: rash, <a href="/wiki/Hives" title="Hives">hives</a>, itching of mouth, lips, tongue, throat, eyes, skin, or other areas, swelling of lips, tongue, eyelids, or the whole face, difficulty swallowing, runny or congested nose, hoarse voice, wheezing, shortness of breath, diarrhea, abdominal pain, lightheadedness, fainting, nausea, or vomiting.<sup id="cite_ref-medlineplus_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medlineplus-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symptoms of allergies vary from person to person and may vary from incident to incident.<sup id="cite_ref-medlineplus_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medlineplus-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serious danger regarding allergies can begin when the respiratory tract or blood circulation is affected. The former can be indicated by wheezing, a blocked airway and <a href="/wiki/Cyanosis" title="Cyanosis">cyanosis</a>, the latter by weak pulse, pale skin, and fainting. When these symptoms occur the allergic reaction is called <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-medlineplus_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medlineplus-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anaphylaxis occurs when <a href="/wiki/IgE_antibodies" class="mw-redirect" title="IgE antibodies">IgE antibodies</a> are involved, and areas of the body that are not in direct contact with the food become affected and show severe symptoms.<sup id="cite_ref-medlineplus_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medlineplus-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sic2014_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sic2014-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Untreated, this can proceed to vasodilation and a low blood pressure situation called <a href="/wiki/Anaphylactic_shock" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaphylactic shock">anaphylactic shock</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Japan2014_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Japan2014-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sic2014_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sic2014-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Young children may exhibit <a href="/wiki/Dermatitis" title="Dermatitis">dermatitis</a>/eczema on face, scalp and other parts of the body, in older children knees and elbows are more commonly affected. Children with dermatitis are at greater than expected risk of also exhibiting asthma and allergic rhinitis.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eating_egg">Eating egg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Eating egg"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The cause is typically the eating of eggs or foods that contain eggs. Briefly, the immune system over-reacts to proteins found in eggs. This allergic reaction may be triggered by small amounts of egg, even egg incorporated into cooked foods, such as cake. People with an allergy to chicken eggs may also be reactive to goose, duck, or turkey eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vaccines">Vaccines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Vaccines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Influenza_vaccine" title="Influenza vaccine">Influenza vaccines</a> are created by injecting a live <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">virus</a> into fertilized chicken eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The viruses are harvested, killed and purified, but a residual amount of <a href="/wiki/Egg_white" title="Egg white">egg white</a> protein remains. For adults ages 18 and older there is an option to receive recombinant flu vaccines (RIV3 or RIV4) which are grown on mammalian cell cultures instead of in eggs, and so are no risk for people with severe egg allergy.<sup id="cite_ref-2017-2018_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2017-2018-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recommendations are that for people with a history of mild egg allergy should receive any IIV or RIV vaccine. People with a more severe allergic reaction may also receive any IIV or RIV, but in an inpatient or outpatient medical setting, administered by a healthcare provider. People with a known severe allergic reaction to influenza vaccine (which could be egg protein or the gelatin or the neomycin components of the vaccine) should not receive a flu vaccine.<sup id="cite_ref-2017-2018_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2017-2018-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each year the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Pediatrics" title="American Academy of Pediatrics">American Academy of Pediatrics</a> (AAP) publishes recommendations for prevention and control of influenza in children.<sup id="cite_ref-2016-2017_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016-2017-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2015-2016_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015-2016-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2011-2012_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011-2012-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 2016-2017 guidelines a change was made, that children with a history of egg allergy may receive the IIV3 or IIV4 vaccine without special precautions. It did, however, state that "Standard vaccination practice should include the ability to respond to acute hypersensitivity reactions."<sup id="cite_ref-2016-2017_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016-2017-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to this, AAP recommended precautions based on egg allergy history: if no history, immunize; if a history of mild reaction, i.e., hives, immunize in a medical setting with healthcare professionals and resuscitative equipment available; if a history of severe reactions, refer to an allergist.<sup id="cite_ref-2015-2016_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015-2016-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2011-2012_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011-2012-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The measles and mumps parts of the "<a href="/wiki/MMR_vaccine" title="MMR vaccine">MMR vaccine</a>" (for <a href="/wiki/Measles" title="Measles">measles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mumps" title="Mumps">mumps</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rubella" title="Rubella">rubella</a>) are cultured on chick embryo cell culture and contain trace amounts of egg protein. The amount of egg protein is lower than in influenza vaccines and the risk of an allergic reaction is much lower.<sup id="cite_ref-Piquer-Gibert_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Piquer-Gibert-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One guideline stated that all infants and children should get the two MMR vaccinations, mentioning that "Studies on large numbers of egg-allergic children show there is no increased risk of severe allergic reactions to the vaccines."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another guideline recommended that if a child has a known medical history of severe anaphylaxis reaction to eggs, then the vaccination should be done in a hospital center, and the child be kept for observation for 60 minutes before being allowed to leave.<sup id="cite_ref-Piquer-Gibert_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Piquer-Gibert-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second guideline also stated that if there was a severe reaction to the first vaccination - which could have been to egg protein or the <a href="/wiki/Gelatin" title="Gelatin">gelatin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neomycin" title="Neomycin">neomycin</a> components of the vaccine - the second is contraindicated.<sup id="cite_ref-Piquer-Gibert_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Piquer-Gibert-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exercise_as_a_contributing_factor">Exercise as a contributing factor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Exercise as a contributing factor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a condition called food-dependent, <a href="/wiki/Exercise-induced_anaphylaxis" title="Exercise-induced anaphylaxis">exercise-induced anaphylaxis</a> (FDEIAn). Exercise can trigger <a href="/wiki/Hives" title="Hives">hives</a> and more severe symptoms of an allergic reaction. For some people with this condition, exercise alone is not sufficient, nor consumption of a food to which they are mildly allergic sufficient, but when the food in question is consumed within a few hours before high intensity exercise, the result can be anaphylaxis. Egg are specifically mentioned as a causative food.<sup id="cite_ref-Feldweg2017_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feldweg2017-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pravettoni2016_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pravettoni2016-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kim2013_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kim2013-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One theory is that exercise is stimulating the release of mediators such as histamine from IgE-activated mast cells.<sup id="cite_ref-Kim2013_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kim2013-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two of the reviews postulate that exercise is not essential for the development of symptoms, but rather that it is one of several augmentation factors, citing evidence that the culprit food in combination with alcohol or aspirin will result in a respiratory anaphylactic reaction.<sup id="cite_ref-Feldweg2017_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feldweg2017-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kim2013_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kim2013-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mechanisms">Mechanisms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mechanisms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Conditions caused by food allergies are classified into three groups according to the mechanism of the allergic response:<sup id="cite_ref-nhs_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhs-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>IgE-mediated (classic) – the most common type, manifesting acute changes that occur shortly after eating, and may progress to <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a></li> <li>Non-IgE mediated – characterized by an immune response not involving <a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">immunoglobulin E</a>; may occur hours to days after eating, complicating diagnosis</li> <li>IgE and non-IgE-mediated – a hybrid of the above two types</li></ol> <p><a href="/wiki/Allergic_reactions" class="mw-redirect" title="Allergic reactions">Allergic reactions</a> are hyperactive responses of the immune system to generally innocuous substances, such as proteins in the foods we eat. Why some proteins trigger allergic reactions while others do not is not entirely clear, although in part thought to be due to resistance to digestion. Because of this, intact or largely intact proteins reach the small intestine, which has a large presence of white blood cells involved in immune reactions.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The heat of cooking structurally degrades protein molecules, potentially making them less allergenic.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EMminor2010.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/EMminor2010.JPG/220px-EMminor2010.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/EMminor2010.JPG/330px-EMminor2010.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/EMminor2010.JPG/440px-EMminor2010.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Hives allergic reaction on arm</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pathophysiology" title="Pathophysiology">pathophysiology</a> of allergic responses can be divided into two phases. The first is an <a href="/wiki/Acute_(medical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Acute (medical)">acute response</a> that occurs within minutes to an hour or two exposure to an allergen. This phase can either subside or progress into a "late-phase reaction" which can substantially prolong the symptoms of a response, and result in more tissue damage. In the early stages of acute allergic reaction, <a href="/wiki/Lymphocyte" title="Lymphocyte">lymphocytes</a> previously sensitized to a specific protein or protein fraction react by quickly producing a particular type of antibody known as secreted IgE (sIgE), which circulates in the blood and binds to IgE-specific receptors on the surface of other kinds of immune cells called <a href="/wiki/Mast_cell" title="Mast cell">mast cells</a> and <a href="/wiki/Basophil" title="Basophil">basophils</a>. Both of these are involved in the acute inflammatory response.<sup id="cite_ref-Janeway_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janeway-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Activated mast cells and basophils undergo a process called <a href="/wiki/Degranulation" title="Degranulation">degranulation</a>, during which they release <a href="/wiki/Histamine" title="Histamine">histamine</a> and other inflammatory chemical mediators called (<a href="/wiki/Cytokine" title="Cytokine">cytokines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interleukin" title="Interleukin">interleukins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leukotriene" title="Leukotriene">leukotrienes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prostaglandin" title="Prostaglandin">prostaglandins</a>) into the surrounding tissue causing several systemic effects, such as <a href="/wiki/Vasodilation" title="Vasodilation">vasodilation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane" title="Mucous membrane">mucous</a> secretion, <a href="/wiki/Nerve" title="Nerve">nerve</a> stimulation, and <a href="/wiki/Smooth_muscle" title="Smooth muscle">smooth-muscle</a> contraction. This results in <a href="/wiki/Rhinorrhea" title="Rhinorrhea">runny nose</a>, itchiness, <a href="/wiki/Dyspnea" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyspnea">shortness of breath</a>, and potentially <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a>. Depending on the individual, the allergen, and the mode of introduction, the symptoms can be system-wide (classical anaphylaxis), or localized to particular body systems; <a href="/wiki/Asthma" title="Asthma">asthma</a> is localized to the respiratory system while eczema is localized to the skin.<sup id="cite_ref-Janeway_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janeway-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the chemical mediators of the acute response subside, late-phase responses can often occur due to the migration of other <a href="/wiki/White_blood_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="White blood cells">white blood cells</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Neutrophil" title="Neutrophil">neutrophils</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lymphocyte" title="Lymphocyte">lymphocytes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eosinophil" title="Eosinophil">eosinophils</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Macrophage" title="Macrophage">macrophages</a> to the initial reaction sites. This is usually seen 2–24 hours after the original reaction.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cytokines from mast cells may also play a role in the persistence of long-term effects. Late-phase responses seen in asthma are slightly different from those seen in other allergic responses, although they are still caused by release of mediators from eosinophils.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Five major allergenic proteins from the egg of the domestic chicken (<i>Gallus domesticus</i>) have been identified; these are designated Gal d 1–5. Four of these are in egg white: ovomucoid (Gal d 1), ovalbumin (Gal d 2), ovotransferrin (Gal d 3) and lysozyme (Gal d 4). Of these, ovomucoid is the dominant allergen, and one that is less likely to be outgrown as children get older.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ingestion of under-cooked egg may trigger more severe clinical reactions than well-cooked egg. In egg yolk, alpha-livetin (Gal d 5) is the major allergen, but various vitellins may also trigger a reaction. People allergic to alpha-livetin may experience respiratory symptoms such as rhinitis and/or asthma when exposed to chickens, because the yolk protein is also found in live birds.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to IgE-mediated responses, egg allergy can manifest as atopic dermatitis, especially in infants and young children. Some will display both, so that a child could react to an oral food challenge with allergic symptoms, followed a day or two later with a flare up of atopic dermatitis and/or gastrointestinal symptoms, including allergic <a href="/wiki/Eosinophilic_esophagitis" title="Eosinophilic esophagitis">eosinophilic esophagitis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Urisu_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urisu-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-allergic_intolerance">Non-allergic intolerance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Non-allergic intolerance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Egg whites, which are potentially <a href="/wiki/Histamine_liberators" title="Histamine liberators">histamine liberators</a>, also provoke a nonallergic response in some people. In this situation, proteins in egg white directly trigger the release of histamine from <a href="/wiki/Mast_cell" title="Mast cell">mast cells</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn3-540-20768-6_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn3-540-20768-6-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-19-514090-7_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-19-514090-7-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because this mechanism is classified as a pharmacological reaction, or "<a href="/wiki/Pseudoallergy" title="Pseudoallergy">pseudoallergy</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-isbn3-540-20768-6_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn3-540-20768-6-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the condition is considered a <a href="/wiki/Food_intolerance" title="Food intolerance">food intolerance</a> instead of a true immunoglobulin E (IgE) based allergic reaction. </p><p>The response is usually localized, typically in the gastrointestinal tract.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn3-540-20768-6_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn3-540-20768-6-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, or any other symptoms typical to histamine release. If sufficiently strong, it can result in an <a href="/wiki/Pseudoanaphylaxis" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudoanaphylaxis">anaphylactoid reaction</a>, which is clinically indistinguishable from true <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-19-514090-7_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-19-514090-7-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some people with this condition tolerate small quantities of egg whites.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn1-4051-7036-0_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn1-4051-7036-0-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are more often able to tolerate well-cooked eggs, such as found in cake or dried egg-based pasta, than incompletely cooked eggs, such as fried eggs or meringues, or uncooked eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn1-4051-7036-0_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn1-4051-7036-0-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Diagnosis of egg allergy is based on the person's history of allergic reactions, <a href="/wiki/Skin_prick_test" class="mw-redirect" title="Skin prick test">skin prick test</a> (SPT), patch test and measurement of egg-specific serum <a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">immunoglobulin E</a> (IgE or sIgE). Confirmation is by double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges.<sup id="cite_ref-Urisu_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urisu-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SPT and sIgE have sensitivity greater than 90% but specificity in the 50-60% range, meaning these tests will detect an egg sensitivity, but will also be positive for other allergens.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For young children, attempts have been made to identify SPT and sIgE responses strong enough to avoid the need for a confirming oral food challenge.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prevention">Prevention</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Prevention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Introducing eggs to a baby's diet is thought to affect risk of developing allergy, but there are contradictory recommendations. A 2016 review acknowledged that introducing peanuts early appears to have a benefit, but stated "The effect of early introduction of egg on egg allergy are controversial."<sup id="cite_ref-Fiocchi2016_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fiocchi2016-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Meta-analysis" title="Meta-analysis">meta-analysis</a> published the same year supported the theory that early introduction of eggs into an infant's diet lowers risk,<sup id="cite_ref-JAMA2016_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAMA2016-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a review of allergens in general stated that introducing solid foods at 4–6 months may result in the lowest subsequent allergy risk.<sup id="cite_ref-Anderson_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, an older consensus document from the <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_Allergy,_Asthma_and_Immunology" title="American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology">American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology</a> recommended that introduction of chicken eggs be delayed to 24 months of age.<sup id="cite_ref-Fiocchi2006_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fiocchi2006-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treatment">Treatment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Treatment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Epipen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Epipen.jpg/220px-Epipen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Epipen.jpg/330px-Epipen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Epipen.jpg/440px-Epipen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="120" /></a><figcaption>Epinephrine autoinjectors are portable single-dose epinephrine-dispensing devices used to treat anaphylaxis.</figcaption></figure> <p>The mainstay of treatment is total avoidance of egg protein intake.<sup id="cite_ref-MartorellAlonso2013_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MartorellAlonso2013-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is complicated because the declaration of the presence of trace amounts of allergens in foods is not mandatory (see <a href="#Regulation_of_labelling">regulation of labelling</a>). </p><p>Treatment for accidental ingestion of egg products by allergic individuals varies depending on the sensitivity of the person. An <a href="/wiki/Antihistamine" title="Antihistamine">antihistamine</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Diphenhydramine" title="Diphenhydramine">diphenhydramine</a> (Benadryl) may be prescribed. Sometimes <a href="/wiki/Prednisone" title="Prednisone">prednisone</a> will be prescribed to prevent a possible late phase <a href="/wiki/Type_I_hypersensitivity" title="Type I hypersensitivity">Type I hypersensitivity</a> reaction.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severe allergic reactions (anaphalaxis) may require treatment with an <a href="/wiki/Epinephrine_pen" class="mw-redirect" title="Epinephrine pen">epinephrine pen</a>, an injection device designed to be used by a non-healthcare professional when emergency treatment is warranted.<sup id="cite_ref-EAACI2014_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EAACI2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immunotherapy">Immunotherapy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Immunotherapy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is active research on trying <a href="/wiki/Oral_immunotherapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oral immunotherapy">oral immunotherapy</a> (OIT) to desensitize people to egg allergens. A <a href="/wiki/Cochrane_(organisation)" title="Cochrane (organisation)">Cochrane</a> Review concluded that OIT can desensitize people, but it remains unclear whether long-term tolerance develops after treatment ceases, and 69% of the people enrolled in the trials had adverse effects. They concluded there was a need for standardized protocols and guidelines prior to incorporating OIT into clinical practice.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second review noted that allergic reactions, up to anaphylaxis, can occur during OIT, and recommends this treatment not be routine medical practice.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A third review limited its scope to trials of baked egg-containing goods such as bread or cake as a means of resolving egg allergy. Again, there were some successes, but also some severe allergic reactions, and the authors came down on the side of not recommending this as treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Avoiding_eggs">Avoiding eggs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Avoiding eggs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prevention of egg-allergic reactions means avoiding eggs and egg-containing foods. People with an allergy to chicken eggs may also be allergic to other types of eggs, such as goose, duck, or turkey eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In cooking, eggs are multifunctional: they may act as an <a href="/wiki/Emulsion" title="Emulsion">emulsifier</a> to reduce oil/water separation (mayonnaise), a binder (water binding and particle adhesion, as in meatloaf), or an aerator (cakes, especially <a href="/wiki/Angel_food_cake" title="Angel food cake">angel food</a>). Some commercial <a href="/wiki/Egg_substitute" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg substitute">egg substitutes</a> can substitute for particular functions (<a href="/wiki/Potato_starch" title="Potato starch">potato starch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tapioca" title="Tapioca">tapioca</a> for water binding, <a href="/wiki/Whey_protein" title="Whey protein">whey protein</a> or <a href="/wiki/Aquafaba" title="Aquafaba">bean water</a> for aeration or particle binding, or soy lecithin or <a href="/wiki/Avocado" title="Avocado">avocado</a> for emulsification). Food companies produce egg-free mayonnaise and other replacement foods. <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Bird" title="Alfred Bird">Alfred Bird</a> invented egg-free <a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Custard" title="Bird's Custard">Bird's Custard</a>, the original version of what is known generically as custard powder today.<sup id="cite_ref-carey_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carey-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most people find it necessary to strictly avoid any item containing eggs, including:<sup id="cite_ref-EggAllergyFacts_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EggAllergyFacts-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 16em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albumin" title="Albumin">Albumin</a> (egg white protein)</li> <li>Apovitellin (egg yolk protein)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_Beaters" title="Egg Beaters">Egg Beaters</a> (cholesterol-free, uses egg whites)</li> <li>Dried egg solids, <a href="/wiki/Powdered_egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Powdered egg">powdered egg</a></li> <li>Egg, egg white, egg yolk</li> <li>Egg wash</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggnog" title="Eggnog">Eggnog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fat_substitute" title="Fat substitute">Fat substitutes</a> (some)</li> <li>Livetin (egg yolk protein)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysozyme" title="Lysozyme">Lysozyme</a> (egg white protein)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayonnaise" title="Mayonnaise">Mayonnaise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meringue" title="Meringue">Meringue</a> or meringue powder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovalbumin" title="Ovalbumin">Ovalbumin</a> (egg white protein)</li> <li>Ovoglobulin (egg white protein)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovomucin" title="Ovomucin">Ovomucin</a> (egg white protein)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovomucoid" title="Ovomucoid">Ovomucoid</a> (egg white protein)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovotransferrin" title="Ovotransferrin">Ovotransferrin</a> (egg white protein)</li> <li>Ovovitelia (egg yolk protein)</li> <li>Ovovitellin (egg yolk protein)</li> <li>Silici albuminate</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simplesse" title="Simplesse">Simplesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitellin" title="Vitellin">Vitellin</a> (egg yolk protein)</li></ul> </div> <p>Ingredients that sometimes include egg protein include: artificial flavoring, natural flavoring, <a href="/wiki/Lecithin" title="Lecithin">lecithin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nougat" title="Nougat">nougat</a> candy. </p><p>Probiotic products have been tested, and some found to contain milk and egg proteins which were not always indicated on the labels.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prognosis">Prognosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Prognosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The majority of children outgrow egg allergy. One review reported that 70% of children will outgrow this allergy by 16 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In subsequently published longitudinal studies, one reported that for 140 infants who had challenge-confirmed egg allergy, 44% had resolved by two years.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second reported that for 203 infants with confirmed IgE-mediated egg allergy, 45% resolved by two years of age, 66% by four years, and 71% by six years.<sup id="cite_ref-Arik_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arik-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Children will be able to tolerate eggs as an ingredient in baked goods and well-cooked eggs sooner than under-cooked eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Resolution was more likely if baseline serum IgE was lower, and if the baseline symptoms did not include anaphylaxis.<sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Arik_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arik-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epidemiology">Epidemiology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Epidemiology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In countries in North America and western Europe, where use of cow's milk based <a href="/wiki/Infant_formula" title="Infant formula">infant formula</a> is common, chicken egg allergy is the second most common food allergy in infants and young children after cow's milk.<sup id="cite_ref-Urisu_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urisu-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nwaru_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nwaru-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in Japan, egg allergy is first and cow's milk second, followed by wheat and then the other common allergenic foods.<sup id="cite_ref-Japan2014_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Japan2014-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A review from South Africa reported egg and peanut as the two most common allergenic foods.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Incidence and prevalence are terms commonly used in describing disease <a href="/wiki/Epidemiology" title="Epidemiology">epidemiology</a>. Incidence is newly diagnosed cases, which can be expressed as new cases per year per million people. Prevalence is the number of cases alive, expressible as existing cases per million people during a period of time.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Egg allergies are usually observed in infants and young children, and often disappear with age (see Prognosis), so prevalence of egg allergy may be expressed as a percentage of children under a set age. One review estimates that in North American and western European populations the prevalence of egg allergy in children under the age of five years is 1.8-2.0%.<sup id="cite_ref-Urisu_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urisu-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second described the range in young children as 0.5-2.5%.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the majority of children develop <a href="/wiki/Immune_tolerance" title="Immune tolerance">tolerance</a> as they age into school age years, for roughly one-third the allergy persists into adulthood. Strong predictors for adult-persistent allergy are anaphylactic symptoms as a child, high egg-specific serum IgE, robust response to the skin prick test and absence of tolerance to egg-containing baked foods.<sup id="cite_ref-Caubet_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caubet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hasan_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Self-reported allergy prevalence is always higher than food-challenge confirmed allergy. </p><p>For all age groups, a review of fifty studies conducted in Europe estimated 2.5% for self-reported egg allergy and 0.2% for confirmed.<sup id="cite_ref-Nwaru_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nwaru-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> National survey data in the United States collected in 2005 and 2006 showed that from age six and older, the prevalence of serum IgE confirmed egg allergy was under 0.2%.<sup id="cite_ref-Liu2010_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liu2010-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Adult-onset of egg allergy is rare, but there is confirmation of cases. Some were described as having started in late teenage years; another group were workers in the baking industry who were exposed to powdered egg dust.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regulation">Regulation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Regulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whether food allergy prevalence is increasing or not, food allergy awareness has definitely increased, with impacts on the quality of life for children, their parents and their immediate caregivers.<sup id="cite_ref-Ravid2015_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ravid2015-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Morou2014_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morou2014-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lange2014_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lange2014-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Velde2013_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Velde2013-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the United States, the <a href="/wiki/Food_Allergen_Labeling_and_Consumer_Protection_Act" title="Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act">Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act</a> of 2004 (FALCPA) causes people to be reminded of allergy problems every time they handle a food package, and restaurants have added allergen warnings to menus. The <a href="/wiki/Culinary_Institute_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Culinary Institute of America">Culinary Institute of America</a>, a premier school for chef training, has courses in allergen-free cooking and a separate teaching kitchen.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> School systems have protocols about what foods can be brought into the school. Despite all these precautions, people with serious allergies are aware that accidental exposure can easily occur at other peoples' houses, at school or in restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-Shah2008_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shah2008-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regulation_of_labelling">Regulation of labelling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Regulation of labelling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Allergen_Information_Example.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/US_Allergen_Information_Example.jpg/290px-US_Allergen_Information_Example.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/US_Allergen_Information_Example.jpg/435px-US_Allergen_Information_Example.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/US_Allergen_Information_Example.jpg/580px-US_Allergen_Information_Example.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2561" data-file-height="843" /></a><figcaption>An example of "MAY CONTAIN TRACES OF..." as a means of listing trace amounts of allergens in a food product due to cross-contamination during manufacture.</figcaption></figure> <p>In response to the risk that certain foods pose to those with food allergies, some countries have responded by instituting labeling laws that require food products to clearly inform consumers if their products contain major allergens or byproducts of major allergens among the ingredients intentionally added to foods. Nevertheless, there are no labeling laws to mandatory declare the presence of trace amounts in the final product as a consequence of cross-contamination, except in Brazil.<sup id="cite_ref-Allen2014_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDAallergies2017_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDAallergies2017-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ANVISA2016_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANVISA2016-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDA2004_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA2004-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EU2015_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EU2015-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDAreadlabel2017_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDAreadlabel2017-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FSIS2017_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSIS2017-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FSIS2016_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSIS2016-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ingredients_intentionally_added">Ingredients intentionally added</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ingredients intentionally added"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>FALCPA became effective 1 January 2006, requiring companies selling foods in the United States to disclose on labels whether a packaged food product contains any of these eight major food allergens, added intentionally: cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy and wheat.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA2004_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA2004-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This list originated in 1999 from the World Health Organisation Codex Alimentarius Commission.<sup id="cite_ref-Allen2014_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To meet FALCPA labeling requirements, if an ingredient is derived from one of the required-label allergens, then it must either have its "food sourced name" in parentheses, for example "Casein (milk)," or as an alternative, there must be a statement separate but adjacent to the ingredients list: "Contains milk" (and any other of the allergens with mandatory labeling).<sup id="cite_ref-FDA2004_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA2004-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDAreadlabel2017_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDAreadlabel2017-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>FALCPA applies to packaged foods regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a>, which does not include poultry, most meats, certain egg products, and most alcoholic beverages.<sup id="cite_ref-FDAallergies2017_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDAallergies2017-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, some meat, poultry, and egg processed products may contain allergenic ingredients. These products are regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Food_Safety_and_Inspection_Service" title="Food Safety and Inspection Service">Food Safety and Inspection Service</a> (FSIS), which requires that any ingredient be declared in the labeling only by its common or usual name. Neither the identification of the source of a specific ingredient in a parenthetical statement nor the use of statements to alert for the presence of specific ingredients, like "Contains: milk", are mandatory according to FSIS.<sup id="cite_ref-FSIS2017_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSIS2017-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FSIS2016_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSIS2016-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> FALCPA also does not apply to food prepared in restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24505841_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24505841-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDAFALCPAquestions_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDAFALCPAquestions-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EU Food Information for Consumers Regulation 1169/2011 – requires food businesses to provide allergy information on food sold unpackaged, for example, in catering outlets, deli counters, bakeries and sandwich bars.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Trace_amounts_as_a_result_of_cross-contamination">Trace amounts as a result of cross-contamination</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Trace amounts as a result of cross-contamination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The value of allergen labeling other than for intentional ingredients is controversial. This concerns labeling for ingredients present unintentionally as a consequence of cross-contact or cross-contamination at any point along the food chain (during raw material transportation, storage or handling, due to shared equipment for processing and packaging, etc.).<sup id="cite_ref-Allen2014_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDAallergies2017_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDAallergies2017-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Experts in this field propose that if allergen labeling is to be useful to consumers, and healthcare professionals who advise and treat those consumers, ideally there should be agreement on which foods require labeling, threshold quantities below which labeling may be of no purpose, and validation of allergen detection methods to test and potentially recall foods that were deliberately or inadvertently contaminated.<sup id="cite_ref-Mills2004_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mills2004-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Taylor2015_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor2015-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Labeling regulations have been modified to provide for mandatory labeling of ingredients plus voluntary labeling, termed precautionary allergen labeling (PAL), also known as "may contain" statements, for possible, inadvertent, trace amount, cross-contamination during production.<sup id="cite_ref-Allen2014_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DunnGalvin2015_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DunnGalvin2015-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PAL labeling can be confusing to consumers, especially as there can be many variations on the wording of the warning.<sup id="cite_ref-DunnGalvin2015_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DunnGalvin2015-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zurzolo2016_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zurzolo2016-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2014<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> PAL is regulated only in Switzerland, Japan, Argentina, and South Africa. Argentina decided to prohibit precautionary allergen labeling since 2010, and instead puts the onus on the manufacturer to control the manufacturing process and label only those allergenic ingredients known to be in the products. South Africa does not permit the use of PAL, except when manufacturers demonstrate the potential presence of allergen due to cross-contamination through a documented risk assessment and despite adherence to Good Manufacturing Practice.<sup id="cite_ref-Allen2014_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Australia and New Zealand there is a recommendation that PAL be replaced by guidance from VITAL 2.0 (Vital Incidental Trace Allergen Labeling). A review identified "the eliciting dose for an allergic reaction in 1% of the population" as ED01. This threshold reference dose for foods such as cow's milk, egg, peanut and other proteins) will provide food manufacturers with guidance for developing precautionary labeling and give consumers a better idea of might be accidentally in a food product beyond "may contain."<sup id="cite_ref-Allen2014B_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen2014B-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> VITAL 2.0 was developed by the Allergen Bureau, a food industry sponsored, non-government organization.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The European Union has initiated a process to create labeling regulations for unintentional contamination but is not expected to publish such before 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Brazil since April 2016, the declaration of the possibility of cross-contamination is mandatory when the product does not intentionally add any allergenic food or its derivatives but the Good Manufacturing Practices and allergen control measures adopted are not sufficient to prevent the presence of accidental trace amounts. These allergens include wheat, rye, barley, oats and their hybrids, crustaceans, eggs, fish, peanuts, soybean, milk of all species of mammalians, <a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">almonds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">hazelnuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cashew" title="Cashew">cashew nuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil_nut" title="Brazil nut">Brazil nuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macadamia" title="Macadamia">macadamia nuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">walnuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pecan" title="Pecan">pecan nuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pistachio" title="Pistachio">pistaches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pine_nut" title="Pine nut">pine nuts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">chestnuts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ANVISA2016_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANVISA2016-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society_and_culture">Society and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Society and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Food fear has a significant impact on quality of life.<sup id="cite_ref-Lange2014_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lange2014-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Velde2013_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Velde2013-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For children with allergies, their quality of life is also affected by actions of their peers. There is an increased occurrence of bullying, which can include threats or acts of deliberately being touched with foods they need to avoid, also having their allergen-free food deliberately contaminated.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_allergens" title="List of allergens">List of allergens</a> (food and non-food)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egg_allergy&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output 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Toxicol</i>. <b>63</b>: 9–17. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.fct.2013.10.032">10.1016/j.fct.2013.10.032</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24184597">24184597</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Chem.+Toxicol.&rft.atitle=Establishment+of+Reference+Doses+for+residues+of+allergenic+foods%3A+report+of+the+VITAL+Expert+Panel&rft.volume=63&rft.pages=9-17&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.fct.2013.10.032&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24184597&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=SL&rft.au=Baumert%2C+JL&rft.au=Kruizinga%2C+AG&rft.au=Remington%2C+BC&rft.au=Crevel%2C+RW&rft.au=Brooke-Taylor%2C+S&rft.au=Allen%2C+KJ&rft.au=Houben%2C+G&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEgg+allergy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allergenbureau.net/vital/">The VITAL Program</a> Allergen Bureau, Australia and New Zealand.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoppingDiaz-Amigo2018" class="citation journal cs1">Popping B, Diaz-Amigo C (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5740%2Fjaoacint.17-0381">"European Regulations for Labeling Requirements for Food Allergens and Substances Causing Intolerances: History and Future"</a>. <i>J AOAC Int</i>. <b>101</b> (1): 2–7. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5740%2Fjaoacint.17-0381">10.5740/jaoacint.17-0381</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29202901">29202901</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+AOAC+Int&rft.atitle=European+Regulations+for+Labeling+Requirements+for+Food+Allergens+and+Substances+Causing+Intolerances%3A+History+and+Future&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=2-7&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5740%2Fjaoacint.17-0381&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29202901&rft.aulast=Popping&rft.aufirst=B&rft.au=Diaz-Amigo%2C+C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.5740%252Fjaoacint.17-0381&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEgg+allergy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFongKatelarisWainstein2017" class="citation journal cs1">Fong AT, Katelaris CH, Wainstein B (2017). "Bullying and quality of life in children and adolescents with food allergy". <i>J Paediatr Child Health</i>. <b>53</b> (7): 630–635. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjpc.13570">10.1111/jpc.13570</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28608485">28608485</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:9719096">9719096</a>.</cite><span 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dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width:100%; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576179" class="extiw" title="d:Q576179">D</a></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/T78.0">T78.0</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/T78.1">T78.1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/L23.6">L23.6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/L27.2">L27.2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/Z91.0">Z91.0</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes" title="List of ICD-9 codes">9-CM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=V15.03">V15.03</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D021181">D021181</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Allergic_conditions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible 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polyangiitis">Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis" title="Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis">Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmer%27s_lung" title="Farmer's lung">Farmer's lung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_animal_allergy" title="Laboratory animal allergy">Laboratory animal allergy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Integumentary_system" title="Integumentary system">Skin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angioedema" title="Angioedema">Angioedema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urticaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Urticaria">Urticaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis" title="Atopic dermatitis">Atopic dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_dermatitis" title="Contact dermatitis">Allergic contact dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypersensitivity_vasculitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypersensitivity vasculitis">Hypersensitivity vasculitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hematology" title="Hematology">Blood and immune system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serum_sickness" title="Serum sickness">Serum sickness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Circulatory_system" title="Circulatory system">Circulatory system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">Anaphylaxis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_digestive_system" title="Human digestive system">Digestive system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeliac_disease" title="Coeliac disease">Coeliac disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eosinophilic_gastroenteritis" title="Eosinophilic gastroenteritis">Eosinophilic gastroenteritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eosinophilic_esophagitis" title="Eosinophilic esophagitis">Eosinophilic esophagitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_allergy" title="Food allergy">Food allergy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_allergy" title="Corn allergy">corn</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">eggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_allergy" title="Fish allergy">fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_allergy" title="Fruit allergy">fruits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic_allergy" title="Garlic allergy">garlic</a></li> <li>meat <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poultry_allergy" title="Poultry allergy">poultry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-gal_allergy" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-gal allergy">red meat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_allergy" title="Milk allergy">milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peanut_allergy" title="Peanut allergy">peanuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_allergy" title="Rice allergy">rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesame_allergy" title="Sesame allergy">sesame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shellfish_allergy" title="Shellfish allergy">shellfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soy_allergy" title="Soy allergy">soy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_nut_allergy" title="Tree nut allergy">tree nuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheat_allergy" title="Wheat allergy">wheat</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nervous_system" title="Nervous system">Nervous system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eosinophilic_meningitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eosinophilic meningitis">Eosinophilic meningitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urinary_system" title="Urinary system">Genitourinary system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_nephritis" title="Interstitial nephritis">Acute interstitial nephritis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other conditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_allergy" title="Drug allergy">Drug allergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_conjunctivitis" title="Allergic conjunctivitis">Allergic conjunctivitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latex_allergy" title="Latex allergy">Latex allergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dust_mite_allergy" title="Dust mite allergy">Dust mite allergy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hypersensitivity_and_autoimmune_diseases" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hypersensitivity_disease_by_cause" title="Template:Hypersensitivity disease by cause"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hypersensitivity_disease_by_cause" title="Template talk:Hypersensitivity disease by cause"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hypersensitivity_disease_by_cause" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hypersensitivity disease by cause"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hypersensitivity_and_autoimmune_diseases" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hypersensitivity" title="Hypersensitivity">Hypersensitivity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_disease" title="Autoimmune disease">autoimmune diseases</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Type_I_hypersensitivity" title="Type I hypersensitivity">Type I</a>/<a href="/wiki/Allergy" title="Allergy">allergy</a>/<a href="/wiki/Atopy" title="Atopy">atopy</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">IgE</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_asthma" class="mw-redirect" title="Allergic asthma">Allergic asthma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_urticaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Allergic urticaria">Allergic urticaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_rhinitis" title="Allergic rhinitis">Allergic rhinitis</a> (Hay fever)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">Anaphylaxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis" title="Atopic dermatitis">Atopic dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_allergy" title="Food allergy">Food allergy</a> <ul><li>common allergies include: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_allergy" title="Milk allergy">Milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peanut_allergy" title="Peanut allergy">Peanut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_allergy" class="mw-redirect" title="Seafood allergy">Seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soy_allergy" title="Soy allergy">Soy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_nut_allergy" title="Tree nut allergy">Tree nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheat_allergy" title="Wheat allergy">Wheat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_effects_of_penicillin" title="Side effects of penicillin">Penicillin allergy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autoimmune</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_urticaria" title="Autoimmune urticaria">Autoimmune urticaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eosinophilic_esophagitis" title="Eosinophilic esophagitis">Eosinophilic esophagitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Type_II_hypersensitivity" title="Type II hypersensitivity">Type II</a>/<a href="/wiki/Antibody-dependent_cellular_cytotoxicity" title="Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity">ADCC</a><br /> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G" title="Immunoglobulin G">IgG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_M" title="Immunoglobulin M">IgM</a></li></ul></li></ul></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn" title="Hemolytic disease of the newborn">Hemolytic disease of the newborn</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autoimmune</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cytotoxicity" title="Cytotoxicity">Cytotoxic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_hemolytic_anemia" title="Autoimmune hemolytic anemia">Autoimmune hemolytic anemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullous_pemphigoid" title="Bullous pemphigoid">Bullous pemphigoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodpasture_syndrome" title="Goodpasture syndrome">Goodpasture syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillain%E2%80%93Barr%C3%A9_syndrome" title="Guillain–Barré syndrome">Guillain–Barré syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immune_thrombocytopenic_purpura" title="Immune thrombocytopenic purpura">Immune thrombocytopenic purpura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigus_vulgaris" title="Pemphigus vulgaris">Pemphigus vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheumatic_fever" title="Rheumatic fever">Rheumatic fever</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"<a href="/wiki/Hypersensitivity#Type_V" title="Hypersensitivity">Type V</a>"/<a href="/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)" title="Receptor (biochemistry)">receptor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graves%27_disease" title="Graves' disease">Graves' disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myasthenia_gravis" title="Myasthenia gravis">Myasthenia gravis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pernicious_anemia" title="Pernicious anemia">Pernicious anemia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Type_III_hypersensitivity" title="Type III hypersensitivity">Type III</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Immune_complex" title="Immune complex">Immune complex</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthus_reaction" title="Arthus reaction">Arthus reaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmer%27s_lung" title="Farmer's lung">Farmer's lung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henoch%E2%80%93Sch%C3%B6nlein_purpura" title="Henoch–Schönlein purpura">Henoch–Schönlein purpura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutaneous_small-vessel_vasculitis" title="Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis">Hypersensitivity vasculitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acute_proliferative_glomerulonephritis" title="Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis">Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactive_arthritis" title="Reactive arthritis">Reactive arthritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serum_sickness" title="Serum sickness">Serum sickness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autoimmune</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lupus" title="Lupus">Lupus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">Rheumatoid arthritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subacute_bacterial_endocarditis" title="Subacute bacterial endocarditis">Subacute bacterial endocarditis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Type_IV_hypersensitivity" title="Type IV hypersensitivity">Type IV</a>/<a href="/wiki/Cell-mediated_immunity" title="Cell-mediated immunity">cell-mediated</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/T_cell" title="T cell">T cells</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_contact_dermatitis" title="Allergic contact dermatitis">Allergic contact dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantoux_test" title="Mantoux test">Mantoux test</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autoimmune</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeliac_disease" title="Coeliac disease">Coeliac disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_cell_arteritis" title="Giant cell arteritis">Giant cell arteritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashimoto%27s_thyroiditis" title="Hashimoto's thyroiditis">Hashimoto's thyroiditis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">Multiple sclerosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postorgasmic_illness_syndrome" title="Postorgasmic illness syndrome">Postorgasmic illness syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactive_arthritis" title="Reactive arthritis">Reactive arthritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_1_diabetes" title="Type 1 diabetes">Type 1 diabetes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Graft-versus-host_disease" title="Graft-versus-host disease">GVHD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transfusion-associated_graft-versus-host_disease" title="Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease">Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unknown/<br />multiple</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypersensitivity_pneumonitis" title="Hypersensitivity pneumonitis">Hypersensitivity pneumonitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis" title="Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis">Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latex_allergy" title="Latex allergy">Latex allergy</a> (I+IV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transplant_rejection" title="Transplant rejection">Transplant rejection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autoimmune</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addison%27s_disease" title="Addison's disease">Autoimmune adrenalitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_hepatitis" title="Autoimmune hepatitis">Autoimmune hepatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_polyendocrine_syndrome" title="Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome">Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_polyendocrine_syndrome_type_1" title="Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1">APS1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_polyendocrine_syndrome_type_2" title="Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2">APS2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B6gren_syndrome" title="Sjögren syndrome">Sjögren syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_disease" title="Autoimmune disease">Systemic autoimmune disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Eggs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eggs" title="Template:Eggs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eggs" title="Template talk:Eggs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eggs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eggs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eggs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Egg" title="Egg">Eggs</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_egg_topics" title="List of egg topics">List of egg topics</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bird_egg" title="Bird egg">Bird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg#Fish_and_amphibian_eggs" title="Egg">Fish and amphibian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotreme" title="Monotreme">Monotreme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Egg_fossil" title="Egg fossil">Fossil record</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cephalopod_egg_fossil" title="Cephalopod egg fossil">Cephalopod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_egg_fossil" title="Fish egg fossil">Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reptile_egg_fossil" title="Reptile egg fossil">Reptile</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_egg" title="Dinosaur egg">dinosaur</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_paleopathology" title="Egg paleopathology">Pathology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Biology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Allergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_cell" title="Egg cell">Egg cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embryo" title="Embryo">Embryo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyoplankton" title="Ichthyoplankton">Ichthyoplankton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oogamy" title="Oogamy">Oogamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oogenesis" title="Oogenesis">Oogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ootheca" title="Ootheca">Ootheca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovary" title="Ovary">Ovary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oviduct" title="Oviduct">Oviduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oviparity" title="Oviparity">Oviparity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovoviviparity" title="Ovoviviparity">Ovoviviparity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovulation" title="Ovulation">Ovulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spawn_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spawn (biology)">Spawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_tooth" title="Egg tooth">Tooth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophic_egg" title="Trophic egg">Trophic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygote" title="Zygote">Zygote</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yolk" title="Yolk">Yolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_white" title="Egg white">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggshell" title="Eggshell">Shell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eggshell_membrane" title="Eggshell membrane">membrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalaza" title="Chalaza">Chalaza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eggs_as_food" title="Eggs as food">As food</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_egg_dishes" title="List of egg dishes">List of egg dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balut_(food)" title="Balut (food)">Balut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggs_Benedict" title="Eggs Benedict">Benedict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boiled_egg" title="Boiled egg">Boiled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Century_egg" title="Century egg">Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coddled_egg" title="Coddled egg">Coddled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_custard_desserts" title="List of custard desserts">Custard desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_fried_egg" title="Deep fried egg">Deep fried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deviled_egg" title="Deviled egg">Deviled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggnog" title="Eggnog">Eggnog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fried_egg" title="Fried egg">Fried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_egg" title="Iron egg">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meringue" title="Meringue">Meringue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omelette" title="Omelette">Omelette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsen_tamago" title="Onsen tamago">Onsen tamago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poached_egg" title="Poached egg">Poached</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powdered_egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Powdered egg">Powdered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickled_egg" title="Pickled egg">Pickled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quiche" title="Quiche">Quiche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roe" title="Roe">Roe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_salad" title="Egg salad">Salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salted_duck_egg" title="Salted duck egg">Salted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_egg" title="Scotch egg">Scotch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrambled_eggs" title="Scrambled eggs">Scrambled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirred_eggs" title="Shirred eggs">Shirred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoked_egg" title="Smoked egg">Smoked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souffl%C3%A9" title="Soufflé">Soufflé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_egg" title="Tea egg">Tea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Eggs_in_culture" title="Category:Eggs in culture">In culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egg_balancing" title="Egg balancing">Balancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_carton" title="Egg carton">Carton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_decorating" title="Egg decorating">Decorating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_egg" title="Easter egg">Easter egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg-and-spoon_race" title="Egg-and-spoon race">Egg-and-spoon race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_drop_competition" title="Egg drop competition">Egg drop competition</a></li> 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