<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <title aria-live="polite">Home - LibGuides at The National University of Malaysia</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,noarchive" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//d329ms1y997xa5.cloudfront.net/apps/common/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="//d329ms1y997xa5.cloudfront.net/apps/common/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="//d329ms1y997xa5.cloudfront.net/apps/common/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="//d329ms1y997xa5.cloudfront.net/apps/common/favicon/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="//d329ms1y997xa5.cloudfront.net/apps/common/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="//d329ms1y997xa5.cloudfront.net/apps/common/favicon/favicon.ico"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="//d329ms1y997xa5.cloudfront.net/apps/common/favicon/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">  <meta property="og:title" content="LibGuides"> <meta property="og:description" content="The National University of Malaysia Library Guides Welcome to the Library Guides. The Library's guides provides easy access to useful resources in your subject area compiled by our librarians.Click on your subject and start your search today!"><meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ukm.libguides.com/"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@springshare"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-assets-au.libguides.com/web/jquery/css/jquery-ui.min.css?2691" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-assets-au.libguides.com/web/css3.13.2/lg-public.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static-assets-au.libguides.com/web/jquery/js/1.12.4_jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.13.2/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script> jQuery.ui || document.write('<script src="https://static-assets-au.libguides.com/web/jquery/js/jquery-ui.min.js?2691">\x3C/script>'); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static-assets-au.libguides.com/web/js3.13.2/lg-public.min.js"></script>   <script>var system = {"name":"LibGuides"}; springSpace.publicObj = new springSpace.public.Public({ constant: { PROCESSING: {}, CONTENT: {} }, system_name: system.name, customer: {"name":"The National University of Malaysia"} }) </script> <script> springSpace.Session.CONST.ACTION_AUTH_SET_LG_SESSION_COOKIE = 750; callGetLGSessionStatus = function () { springSpace.Session.auth_reload_script = window.location.href; springSpace.Session.getLGSessionStatus({ url: "https://ukm.libapps.com/libapps/login_process/session", data: { app_id: 1, domain: "ukm.libguides.com", site_id: 23646, auth_reload: 0 } }) } jQuery( function () { callGetLGSessionStatus(); } ); </script>  <script> var springStats = springStats || {}; springStats.saConfig = springStats.saConfig || { site_id: 23646, tracking_parameters: {"_st_site_id":23646}, tracking_server_host: "libguides-proc-au.springyaws.com" }; </script> <script src="https://static-assets-au.libguides.com/web/js/sa.min.js?3116"></script> <script> springSpace.Common = springSpace.Common || { }; springSpace.Common.constant = { PROCESSING: { ACTION_DISPLAY_POLL: 159 } }; springSpace.publicObj.constant.PROCESSING.ACTION_LOAD_GUIDE_LIST = 170; springSpace.publicObj.constant.CONTENT.HOME_GUIDES_TITLE = "Guides"; springSpace.publicObj.homeNavButtons = {"170":"ALL GUIDES","171":"BY GROUP","172":"BY SUBJECT","173":"BY TYPE","174":"BY OWNER"}; springSpace.publicObj.getCountType=function(action) { var count_type = ""; switch (action) { case 176: count_type = "guidetype"; break; case 177: count_type = "group"; break; case 178: count_type = "owner"; break; } return count_type; }; springSpace.publicObj.loadGuideCounts=function(config) { jQuery.ajax({ url: "/index_process.php?action=" + config.action + "&site_id=" + config.site_id + (config.group_id ? "&group_id=" + config.group_id : ""), type: "GET", dataType: "json", success: function(response, textStatus, jqXHR) { if ( response.errCode == 200 ) { var count_type = springSpace.publicObj.getCountType(config.action); jQuery.each( response.data, function(idx, elt) { jQuery("#s-lg-index-" + count_type + "-" + elt.id).show(); jQuery("#s-lg-index-" + count_type + "-count-" + elt.id).html(elt.count); } ); } else { springSpace.UI.notify({mode: "custom", msg: "Error loading guide counts."}); } }, error: function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) { springSpace.UI.notify({mode: "custom", msg: "Error loading guide counts."}); } }); } var button_data = {"code":"g"}; springSpace.homepage = { default_list_order: "a", current_list: 170, current_btn_id: "s-lg-index-all-btn", current_num_cols: 1, current_type_label: "", current_button_code: button_data.code, group_id: 0, historyEdited: false, initPushState: function() { if (window.history && history.pushState) { jQuery(window).bind("popstate", function(e) { // Don't reload list if this is the result of a skip link hash update. if ( springSpace.homepage.historyEdited ) { // location.search will return URL encoded values which will end up causing double-encoding when jQuery sends the loadAzList request. var button_code = springSpace.Util.getQSParam({name: "b", qs: location.search}); var guide_display_code = springSpace.Util.getQSParam({name: "d", qs: location.search}); // If there is no button code, go back to the default button if (button_code === "") { button_code = "g"; } springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ nav: "back", action: springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToActionId(button_code), group_id: springSpace.homepage.group_id, order: springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToGuideSortId(guide_display_code), num_cols: 1, elt_id: "s-lg-index-list", button_id: springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToButtonEltId(button_code), type_label: "Guides", display_sort: ( springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToButtonEltId(button_code) === "s-lg-index-all-btn") }); } }); } }, mapQSIdToButtonEltId: function(qs_id) { var button_ids = { "g": "s-lg-index-all-btn", "s": "s-lg-index-subject-btn", "t": "s-lg-index-guidetype-btn", "o": "s-lg-index-owner-btn", "p": "s-lg-index-group-btn", }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(qs_id, "", button_ids); return button_ids[qs_id]; }, mapQSIdToActionId: function(qs_id) { var button_ids = { "g": "170", "s": "172", "t": "173", "o": "174", "p": "171", }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(qs_id, "", button_ids); return button_ids[qs_id]; }, mapButtonEltIdToQSId: function(btn_elt_id) { var button_ids = { "s-lg-index-all-btn": "g", "s-lg-index-subject-btn": "s", "s-lg-index-guidetype-btn": "t", "s-lg-index-owner-btn": "o", "s-lg-index-group-btn": "p", }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(btn_elt_id, "", button_ids); return button_ids[btn_elt_id]; }, mapQSIdToGuideSortId: function(qs_id) { var sort_ids = { "a": "0", "r": "2", "p": "3" }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(qs_id, "", sort_ids); return sort_ids[qs_id]; }, mapGuideSortIdToQSId: function(sort_id) { var sort_ids = { "0": "a", "2": "r", "3": "p" }; springSpace.Util.setObjProp(sort_id, "", sort_ids); return sort_ids[sort_id]; }, processPushState: function(config) { if (history.pushState) { // Only call pushState if this is a call to navigate forward (link, etc.), not back or initial load. if ( config.nav !== "back" && config.nav !== "init" ) { // Only add display code to URL if on the guides button. var qs_config = ( springSpace.homepage.current_button_code === "g" ? { button_code: springSpace.homepage.current_button_code, guide_display_code: springSpace.homepage.default_list_order } : { button_code: springSpace.homepage.current_button_code } ); var url = location.pathname + springSpace.homepage.buildQS(qs_config); history.pushState({}, null, url); } } // Set flag to indicate history has been updated. springSpace.homepage.historyEdited = true; }, buildQS: function(config) { var params = { b: springSpace.Util.setProp(config.button_code, ""), d: springSpace.Util.setProp(config.guide_display_code, "") }; // If on the default button, do not add the code if (params.b === "g") { return ""; } // Add group_id to query string if supplied. if (springSpace.homepage.group_id) { params.group_id = springSpace.homepage.group_id; } var qs_params = []; jQuery.each(params, function(idx, val) { if ( val !== "" && val !== "0") { qs_params.push(idx + "=" + encodeURIComponent(val)); } }); return ( qs_params.length == 0 ? "" : "?" + qs_params.join("&") ); } }; jQuery(function() { // Initialize pushState handling. springSpace.homepage.initPushState(); // Clear out the search term from previous search/back button. jQuery("#s-lg-guide-search").val(""); // Load guide list. springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: springSpace.homepage.current_list, group_id: "0", order: springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToGuideSortId(springSpace.homepage.default_list_order), num_cols: 1, elt_id: "s-lg-index-list", button_id: springSpace.homepage.current_btn_id, type_label: "Guides", display_sort: ( springSpace.homepage.current_btn_id === "s-lg-index-all-btn"), nav: "init" }); // Select default dropdown option. jQuery("#s-lg-guide-order > option[value=" + springSpace.homepage.mapQSIdToGuideSortId(springSpace.homepage.default_list_order) + "]").prop("selected",true); // Load guide type counts. springSpace.publicObj.loadGuideCounts({ action: 176, site_id: 23646, group_id: 0 }); // Load group guides counts. springSpace.publicObj.loadGuideCounts({ action: 177, site_id: 23646 }); // Load owner group counts. springSpace.publicObj.loadGuideCounts({ action: 178, site_id: 23646, group_id: 0 } ); }); jQuery(function() { jQuery(document).ready(function () { springSpace.springTrack.trackPage({_st_type_id: '11'}); }); }); </script> </head> <body class="s-lib-public-body"> <a id="s-lg-public-skiplink" class="alert-info" href="#s-lib-public-main">Skip to Main Content</a> <div id="s-lib-banner" class="container s-lib-banner-public"><a href="https://www.ukm.my/ptsl" title="" target="" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" ><img alt="Banner" name="s-lib-banner-img" id="s-lib-banner-img" class="img-responsive" src="//d329ms1y997xa5.cloudfront.net/sites/23646/banner/umlg.png" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" /></a></div>  <div id="s-lib-public-header" class="s-lib-header container s-lib-side-borders"> <nav id="s-lib-bc" aria-label="breadcrumb"> <ol id="s-lib-bc-list" class="breadcrumb"><li id="s-lib-bc-customer" class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.ukm.my/ptsl">UKM Library</a></li><li id="s-lib-bc-site" class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://ukm.libguides.com/">LibGuides</a></li><li id="s-lib-bc-page" class="active breadcrumb-item">Home</li></ol> </nav> <h1 id="s-lib-public-header-title">The National University of Malaysia Library Guides</h1> <div id="s-lib-public-header-desc">Welcome to the Library Guides. The Library's guides provides easy access to useful resources in your subject area compiled by our librarians.Click on your subject and start your search today!</div> </div>   <div id="s-lib-public-nav" class="container s-lib-side-borders"> </div>   <div id="s-lib-public-main" class="s-lib-main container s-lib-side-borders" tabindex="-1"> <div id="s-lg-index-cols" class="row"> <div id="col1" class="col-md-8 center"> <div class="clearfix"> <div id="s-lg-hp-nav"> <ul> <li> <ul class="nav nav-pills"> <li id="s-lg-index-all-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn active"> <button type="button" role="button" aria-pressed="true" class="btn" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 170, group_id: 0, order: jQuery('#s-lg-guide-order').val(), num_cols: 1, elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-all-btn', display_sort: true });" >ALL GUIDES</button> </li> <li id="s-lg-index-group-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn"> <button type="button" role="button" class="btn" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 171, group_id: 0, num_cols: 1, type_label: 'Groups', elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-group-btn', });">BY GROUP</button> </li> <li id="s-lg-index-subject-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn"> <button type="button" role="button" class="btn" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 172, group_id: 0, num_cols: 1, type_label: 'Subjects', elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-subject-btn', });">BY SUBJECT</button> </li> <li id="s-lg-index-guidetype-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn"> <button type="button" class="btn" role="button" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 173, group_id: 0, num_cols: 1, type_label: 'Guide Types', elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-guidetype-btn', });">BY TYPE</button> </li> <li id="s-lg-index-owner-btn" class="s-lg-index-nav-btn"> <button type="button" class="btn" role="button" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 174, group_id: 0, num_cols: 1, type_label: 'Guide Owners', elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-owner-btn', });">BY OWNER</button> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="s-lg-hp-nav-bottom"> <div class="clearfix"> <form role="search" class="form-inline pull-right" action="/srch.php"><span>Search:</span> <div class="form-group"> <div class="s-lg-public-search-field"> <label class="control-label sr-only" for="s-lg-guide-search">Enter Search Words</label> <div class="input-group"> <input type="text" id="s-lg-guide-search" name="q" class="form-control" maxlength="260" placeholder="Enter Search Words" aria-label="Enter Search Words"/> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Search</button> </span> </div> </div> </div> </form> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="s-lg-guide-list-controls"> <div class="pull-left"> <h2 id="s-lg-index-list-header" class="muted"></h2> </div> <div class="pull-right muted"> <div class="form-inline" id="form-group-s-lg-guide-order"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="s-lg-guide-order">Display</label> <select id="s-lg-guide-order" name="s-lg-guide-order" class="form-control"> <option value="0">Alphabetically</option> <option value="3">By Popularity</option> <option value="2">Most Recent</option> </select> </div> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" onclick="springSpace.publicObj.loadHomepageList({ action: 170, group_id: 0, order: jQuery('#s-lg-guide-order').val(), num_cols: 1, elt_id: 's-lg-index-list', button_id: 's-lg-index-all-btn', display_sort: true, type_label: springSpace.homepage.current_type_label });">Go</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="s-lg-index-list" class=""> </div> </div> <div id="col2" class="col-md-4 center"> <div class="margin-bottom-xlg"><div class="s-lib-public-side-header"><h2 class="pad-bottom-sm">A-Z Database List</h2></div><div class="txt pad-top-sm">Full list of Databases the library subscribes to, including trial access.</div><a href="/az.php" class="btn btn-info s-lg-hp-btn-section" role="button">Go to A-Z List</a></div><div class="margin-bottom-xlg"><div class="s-lib-public-side-header"><h2 class="pad-bottom-sm">Quick Links</h2></div><div class="txt pad-top-sm"> <div id="s-lg-content-50745493" class=" clearfix"> <p><a href="https://gemilang.ukm.my/iii/encore/?lang=eng" target="_blank"><img alt="" loading="lazy" src="https://libapps-au.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/accounts/213785/images/search.png" style="width: 20px; height: 20px;" /> GEMILANG</a></p> <p><a href="https://eresourcesptsl.ukm.remotexs.co/" target="_blank"> <img alt="" loading="lazy" src="https://libapps-au.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/accounts/213785/images/research.png" style="width: 20px; height: 20px;" />eResources@ptsl</a></p> <p><a href="https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=guest&custid=s1780957&groupid=main&profile=eds" target="_blank"><img alt="" loading="lazy" src="https://libapps-au.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/accounts/213785/images/globe.png" style="width: 20px; height: 20px;" /> D</a><a href="https://eds.s.ebscohost.com/eds/search/basic?vid=0&sid=768ae566-b92f-40a2-9902-2f8c20d33f31%40redis" target="_blank">iscovery Service@UKM</a></p> <p><img alt="" loading="lazy" src="https://libapps-au.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/accounts/213785/images/open-book.png" style="width: 20px; height: 20px;" /> <a href="https://eresourcesptsl.ukm.remotexs.co/" target="_blank">L</a><a href="http://ptsldigital.ukm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository" target="_blank">earning & Research Repository</a></p> <p><a href="http://bit.ly/IQUESTPPV" target="_blank"><img alt="" loading="lazy" src="https://libapps-au.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/accounts/213785/images/content-writing.png" style="width: 20px; height: 20px;" /> Pay-per-View</a> (PPV)</p> <p><a href="http://bit.ly/IQUESTPPV" target="_blank"><img alt="" loading="lazy" src="https://libapps-au.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/accounts/213785/images/content-writing.png" style="width: 20px; height: 20px;" /> </a><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe-yvIOumy09hhl5U7nzPkh2KAa-RW02PJeXAjrs_vinOeuQw/viewform" target="_blank">Inter Library Loan</a> (ILL)</p> </div></div></div><div class="margin-bottom-xlg"><div class="s-lib-public-side-header"><h2 class="pad-bottom-sm">Contact Us</h2></div><div class="txt pad-top-sm"> <div id="s-lg-content-50745396" class=" clearfix"> <p>Tun Seri Lanang Library,<br /> Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia<br /> 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan,Malaysia<br /> +603-89213446 – Consultation Services<br /> 019-2045652 – Telegram/Whatsapp<br /> 603-89256067 (FAKS)<br /> Email: helpdeskptsl@ukm.edu.my</p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div>   <div id="s-lib-footer-public" class="s-lib-footer footer container s-lib-side-borders"><div><div id="s-lib-footer-brand">Powered by Springshare.</div><div id="s-lib-footer-rights">All rights reserved.</div><div id="s-lib-footer-login-link"><a href="https://ukm.libapps.com/libapps/login.php?site_id=23646">Login to LibApps</a></div></div><div id="s-lib-footer-support-link"></div></div></div> <div id="s-lib-alert" title=""><div id="s-lib-alert-content"></div></div> <div id="s-lib-popover-title" class="hide"> <span class="text-info"> <strong>title</strong> </span> <button type="button" id="popclose" class="close" onclick="jQuery('.s-lib-popover').popover('hide')"> × </button> </div> <div id="s-lib-popover-content" class="hide"> <i class="fa fa-refresh fa-spin"></i> Loading... <button class="btn btn-default btn-sm popclose" type="button">Close</button> </div>   <div id="s-lib-scroll-top"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="jQuery('body').focus();" title="Back to Top" aria-label="Back to Top"> <span class="fa-stack fa-lg" aria-hidden="true"> <i class="fa fa-square-o fa-stack-2x"></i> <i class="fa fa-angle-double-up fa-stack-1x" style="position:relative; 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