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Lënda djegëse - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gjendja_fizike_dhe_përdorimi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gjendja_fizike_dhe_përdorimi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Gjendja fizike dhe përdorimi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gjendja_fizike_dhe_përdorimi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çmimet_e_karburantit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çmimet_e_karburantit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Çmimet e karburantit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çmimet_e_karburantit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kërkesa_e_karburantit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kërkesa_e_karburantit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kërkesa e karburantit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kërkesa_e_karburantit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gjendja_kombëtare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gjendja_kombëtare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gjendja kombëtare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gjendja_kombëtare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Letërsi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letërsi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Letërsi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letërsi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shiko_edhe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shiko_edhe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Shiko edhe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shiko_edhe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lënda djegëse</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" 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Available in 102 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-102" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">102 gjuhë</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandstof" title="Brandstof – afrikanisht" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Brandstof" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF" title="وقود – arabisht" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وقود" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%A9%DC%95%DC%90" title="ܝܩܕܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܩܕܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84" title="فيول – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="فيول" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible – asturisht" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Combustible" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanacaq" title="Yanacaq – azerbajxhanisht" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yanacaq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajxhanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%82" title="یاناجاق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یاناجاق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1" title="Яғыулыҡ – bashkirisht" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Яғыулыҡ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bashkirisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Паліва – bjellorusisht" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паліва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjellorusisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Паліва – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паліва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Гориво – bullgarisht" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гориво" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bullgarisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="জ্বালানি – bengalisht" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জ্বালানি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorivo" title="Gorivo – boshnjakisht" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gorivo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="boshnjakisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%8D" title="Түлишэ – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Түлишэ" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible – katalonisht" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Combustible" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%85%DB%95%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سووتەمەنی – kurdishte qendrore" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سووتەمەنی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdishte qendrore" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palivo" title="Palivo – çekisht" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Palivo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="çekisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanwydd" title="Tanwydd – uellsisht" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tanwydd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="uellsisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%A6ndstof" title="Brændstof – danisht" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brændstof" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennstoff" title="Brennstoff – gjermanisht" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brennstoff" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="gjermanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF" title="Καύσιμο – greqisht" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καύσιμο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greqisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel – anglisht" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fuel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brula%C4%B5o" title="Brulaĵo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Brulaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible – spanjisht" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Combustible" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanjisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCtus" title="Kütus – estonisht" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kütus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erregai" title="Erregai – baskisht" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erregai" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AE%D8%AA" title="سوخت – persisht" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوخت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polttoaine" title="Polttoaine – finlandisht" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Polttoaine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waiwai_(igu)" title="Waiwai (igu) – fixhianisht" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Waiwai (igu)" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fixhianisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible – frëngjisht" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Combustible" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frëngjisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breosla" title="Breosla – irlandisht" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Breosla" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible – galicisht" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Combustible" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%88%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%A3_(%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%B3%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%A3)" title="ઈંધણ (બળતણ) – guxharatisht" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઈંધણ (બળતણ)" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="guxharatisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_fetur" title="Man fetur – hausisht" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Man fetur" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%9C%D7%A7" title="דלק – hebraisht" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דלק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A8" title="ईन्धन – indisht" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ईन्धन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="indisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goriva" title="Goriva – kroatisht" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Goriva" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konbistib" title="Konbistib – kreolishte e Haitit" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Konbistib" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="kreolishte e Haitit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCzel%C5%91anyag" title="Tüzelőanyag – hungarisht" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tüzelőanyag" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungarisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%84" title="Վառելիք – armenisht" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վառելիք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustibile" title="Combustibile – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Combustibile" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahan_bakar" title="Bahan bakar – indonezisht" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahan bakar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Доагам – ingushisht" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Доагам" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingushisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuelo" title="Fuelo – idoisht" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fuelo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eldsneyti" title="Eldsneyti – islandisht" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Eldsneyti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustibile" title="Combustibile – italisht" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Combustibile" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%87%83%E6%96%99" title="燃料 – japonisht" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="燃料" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="საწვავი – gjeorgjisht" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საწვავი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gjeorgjisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iner%C9%A3i" title="Inerɣi – kabilisht" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Inerɣi" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Отын – kazakisht" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Отын" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%A8" title="ಇಂಧನ – kanadisht" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಂಧನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanadisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EB%A3%8C" title="연료 – koreanisht" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="연료" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Отун – kirgizisht" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Отун" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandjsjtof" title="Brandjsjtof – limburgisht" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Brandjsjtof" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B7%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AD%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F" title="ເຊື້ອໄຟ – laosisht" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຊື້ອໄຟ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuras" title="Kuras – lituanisht" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kuras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagu%C4%BCs" title="Daguļs – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Daguļs" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurin%C4%81mais" title="Kurināmais – letonisht" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kurināmais" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fandrehitra" title="Fandrehitra – madagaskarisht" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fandrehitra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="madagaskarisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyak_baka" title="Minyak baka – minangkabauisht" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Minyak baka" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabauisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Гориво – maqedonisht" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гориво" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maqedonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="ഇന്ധനം – malajalamisht" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇന്ധനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A8" title="इंधन – maratisht" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इंधन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahan_api" title="Bahan api – malajisht" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahan api" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%AC" title="လောင်စာ – birmanisht" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လောင်စာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A8" title="इन्धन – nepalisht" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इन्धन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandstof" title="Brandstof – holandisht" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Brandstof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brensel" title="Brensel – norvegjishte letrare" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brensel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegjishte letrare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible – oksitanisht" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Combustible" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A3" title="ਬਾਲਣ – punxhabisht" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਾਲਣ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punxhabisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paliwo" title="Paliwo – polonisht" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Paliwo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%DD%A8" title="بالݨ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بالݨ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combust%C3%ADvel" title="Combustível – portugalisht" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Combustível" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rawrana" title="Rawrana – keçuaisht" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rawrana" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="keçuaisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustibil" title="Combustibil – rumanisht" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Combustibil" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Топливо – rusisht" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Топливо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Оттук – sakaisht" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Оттук" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakaisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel – skotisht" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Fuel" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BB%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%BB" title="ٻارڻ – sindisht" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ٻارڻ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goriva" title="Goriva – serbo-kroatisht" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Goriva" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-kroatisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%B1" title="ඉන්ධන – sinhalisht" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉන්ධන" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fuel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palivo" title="Palivo – sllovakisht" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Palivo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="sllovakisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorivo" title="Gorivo – sllovenisht" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gorivo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sllovenisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Гориво – serbisht" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гориво" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suluh" title="Suluh – sundanisht" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Suluh" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%A4nsle" title="Bränsle – suedisht" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bränsle" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fueli" title="Fueli – suahilisht" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Fueli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahilisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="எரிமம் – tamilisht" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எரிமம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="ఇంధనం – teluguisht" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇంధనం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluguisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87" title="เชื้อเพลิง – tajlandisht" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เชื้อเพลิง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lolo" title="Lolo – tonganisht" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Lolo" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tonganisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yak%C4%B1t" title="Yakıt – turqisht" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yakıt" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turqisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Паливо – ukrainisht" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Паливо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%BE%D9%86" title="ایندھن – urduisht" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایندھن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urduisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoqilg%CA%BBi" title="Yoqilgʻi – uzbekisht" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yoqilgʻi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Nga Wikipedia, enciklopedia e lirë</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sq" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Skeda:Fireplace,_Wood_fire,_Rostov-on-Don,_Russia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Fireplace%2C_Wood_fire%2C_Rostov-on-Don%2C_Russia.jpg/220px-Fireplace%2C_Wood_fire%2C_Rostov-on-Don%2C_Russia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Fireplace%2C_Wood_fire%2C_Rostov-on-Don%2C_Russia.jpg/330px-Fireplace%2C_Wood_fire%2C_Rostov-on-Don%2C_Russia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Fireplace%2C_Wood_fire%2C_Rostov-on-Don%2C_Russia.jpg/440px-Fireplace%2C_Wood_fire%2C_Rostov-on-Don%2C_Russia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4774" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption> Zjarri i drurit në një <a href="/wiki/Oxhaku" title="Oxhaku">oxhak</a>. </figcaption></figure> <p>Një <b>lëndë djegëse</b> është çdo <a href="/wiki/Materiali" title="Materiali">material</a> që mund të bëhet për të reaguar me substanca të tjera në mënyrë që të çlirojë <a href="/wiki/Energjia" title="Energjia">energji</a> si <a href="/wiki/Energjia_termike" title="Energjia termike">energji termike</a> ose të përdoret për <a href="/wiki/Puna" title="Puna">punë</a>. Koncepti fillimisht u aplikua vetëm për ato materiale të afta për të çliruar <a href="/wiki/Energjia_kimike" title="Energjia kimike">energji kimike</a>, por që atëherë është aplikuar edhe për burime të tjera të energjisë termike, si <a href="/wiki/Energjia_b%C3%ABrthamore" class="mw-redirect" title="Energjia bërthamore">energjia bërthamore</a> (nëpërmjet ndarjes bërthamore dhe shkrirjes bërthamore). </p><p>Energjia e nxehtësisë e çliruar nga reaksionet e karburanteve mund të shndërrohet në energji mekanike nëpërmjet një motori termik. Herë të tjera, vetë nxehtësia vlerësohet për ngrohjen, gatimin ose proceset industriale, si dhe ndriçimin që shoqëron djegien. Lëndët djegëse përdoren gjithashtu në qelizat e organizmave në një proces të njohur si frymëmarrje qelizore, ku molekulat organike oksidohen për të çliruar energji të përdorshme. Hidrokarburet dhe molekulat organike të lidhura me to janë burimi më i zakonshëm i karburantit që përdoret nga njerëzit, por substanca të tjera, duke përfshirë metalet radioaktive, përdoren gjithashtu. </p><p>Karburantet janë në kontrast me substanca ose pajisje të tjera që ruajnë energjinë potenciale, të tilla si ato që lëshojnë drejtpërdrejt energji elektrike (si bateritë dhe kondensatorët) ose energjinë mekanike (të tilla si volantët, burimet, ajri i kompresuar ose uji në një rezervuar). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klasifikimi_i_lëndëve_djegëse"><span id="Klasifikimi_i_l.C3.ABnd.C3.ABve_djeg.C3.ABse"></span>Klasifikimi i lëndëve djegëse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redakto pjesën: Klasifikimi i lëndëve djegëse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Klasifikimi i lëndëve djegëse"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karburantet ndahen sipas kritereve të ndryshme, siç janë gjendja e tyre e <a href="/wiki/Gjendja_agregate" title="Gjendja agregate">grumbullimit</a> në lëndë djegëse të ngurta, të lëngëta dhe të gazta. Varësisht nga origjina, bëhet një dallim midis lëndëve djegëse natyrale, të rafinuara ose sintetike. Karburantet mund të jenë organike, të tilla si <a href="/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta">nafta</a> , <a href="/wiki/Gazi_natyror" title="Gazi natyror">gazi natyror,</a> <a href="/wiki/Qymyri" title="Qymyri">qymyri</a> ose inorganike, si <a href="/wiki/Hidrogjeni" title="Hidrogjeni">hidrogjeni</a> ose monoksidi i karbonit . </p><p>Varësisht nga lloji i lëshimit të energjisë, karburantet ndahen në lëndët djegëse kimike që çlirojnë energjinë termike përmes oksidimit dhe karburanteve elektrokimike që përdoren, për shembull, në qelizat e karburantit për të <a href="/wiki/Prodhimi_i_elektricitetit" title="Prodhimi i elektricitetit">gjeneruar energji elektrike</a> . </p><p>Cilësia e karburantit përshkruhet nga vlera kalorifike ose vlera kalorifike . Vlera kalorifike gjithashtu merr parasysh përdorimin e nxehtësisë së kondensimit të ujit të përfshirë në gazin e djegies si avull (shfrytëzimi i vlerës kalorifike ). Për karburantet absolutisht të thata që nuk përmbajnë hidrogjen të lidhur kimikisht, vlera e tyre kalorifike dhe vlera kalorifike janë identike. </p><p><i>Lëndët djegëse fosile</i> janë prodhuar kryesisht nga proceset e gjata, shpesh miliona vjet bio dhe gjeokimike. Lëndët djegëse të ngurta u nënshtrohen një coalification, akumulimin e karbonit në shtresa organike mbyllur nga shtresat e tokës. Dy hapat kryesore të koalicionit janë kalimi nga materia organike, të cilat zakonisht përbëheshin nga lloje bimore më të larta, të tilla si drurë apo fidane, deri te <a href="/wiki/Linjiti" title="Linjiti">thëngjilli i kaftë</a> dhe kalimi i mëtejshëm i qymyrit kafe në qymyr të fortë . Origjina e <a href="/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta">naftës</a> mendohet të jetë kafshë dhe bimë më të ulëta të detit. Të gjitha rezervat ekzistuese të karburantit quhen burime. Këto janë të ndara në burime të dyshuara dhe të provuara. Burimet e provuara vazhdojnë të ndahen në burime të degradueshme dhe me sa duket jo-degradable. Nëse çmimi teknik i një burimi është i siguruar, ky burim quhet një <i>rezervë</i> . Përmbajtja e energjisë e lëndëve djegëse fosile të forta shpesh jepet në të ashtuquajturat njësi të qymyrit të rëndë (SKE). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Burimet_e_rip%C3%ABrt%C3%ABritshme" title="Burimet e ripërtëritshme">Materialet e para të <i>rinovueshme</i></a> tani dallohen nga këto, të cilat janë burime të <a href="/wiki/Burimet_e_rip%C3%ABrt%C3%ABritshme" title="Burimet e ripërtëritshme"><i>ripërtëritshme të</i></a> rregullta ( <i>lëndë djegëse biogjenike</i> si <a href="/wiki/Druri" title="Druri">druri</a> , <a href="/wiki/Biokarburanti" title="Biokarburanti">biokarburantet</a> , biogazi ). </p><p>Karburantet bërthamore , të tilla si <a href="/wiki/Urani_(element_kimik)" title="Urani (element kimik)">uraniumi i</a> pasuruar dhe <a href="/wiki/Plutoni_(element_kimik)" title="Plutoni (element kimik)">plutoniumi</a> , të cilat nga <a href="/wiki/Fisioni_b%C3%ABrthamor" title="Fisioni bërthamor">fission bërthamore</a> ose deuterium dhe tritium , të cilat mund të lëshojnë energji nga bashkimi bërthamor , gjithashtu nuk janë në mesin e karburanteve fosile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gjendja_fizike_dhe_përdorimi"><span id="Gjendja_fizike_dhe_p.C3.ABrdorimi"></span>Gjendja fizike dhe përdorimi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Redakto pjesën: Gjendja fizike dhe përdorimi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Gjendja fizike dhe përdorimi"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Skeda:Burning_gas01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Burning_gas01.jpg/220px-Burning_gas01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Burning_gas01.jpg/330px-Burning_gas01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Burning_gas01.jpg/440px-Burning_gas01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="318" /></a><figcaption> Djegia <a href="/wiki/Gazi_natyror" title="Gazi natyror">e gazit natyror</a>. </figcaption></figure> <p>Karburantet përdoren në të tre shtetet klasike të <a href="/wiki/Gjendja_agregate" title="Gjendja agregate">grumbullimit</a> (të ngurta , të lëngëta dhe të <a href="/wiki/Gazi" title="Gazi">gazta</a> ). Ato janë furnizuar për përdorime të ndryshme. </p> <ul><li>Karburantet e ngurta, të tilla si thëngjilli i fortë , <a href="/wiki/Linjiti" title="Linjiti">linjiti</a> dhe <a href="/wiki/Druri" title="Druri">druri</a> , tani përdoren kryesisht për gjenerimin e <a href="/wiki/Rryma_elektrike" title="Rryma elektrike">energjisë elektrike</a> në centralin e avullit . Përveç kësaj, nevojiten lëndë djegëse solide për inxhinieri të procesit dhe prodhimin e metaleve në shkrirjen e hekurit dhe çelikut. Rëndësia për ngrohjen e ndërtesave është e vogël. Përmbajtja e energjisë është dhënë në njësitë e thëngjillit të rëndë (SKE).</li> <li><i>Karburantet e lëngëta</i> si derivate të ndryshme të naftës ( benzinë , naftë , vaj për ngrohje ) dhe <a href="/wiki/Biokarburanti" title="Biokarburanti">biokarburantet</a> kanë një peshë të konsiderueshme në transportin dhe ngrohjen e ndërtesave. Për më tepër, ato shërbejnë si lëndë e parë për produktet në industrinë kimike . Përmbajtja e energjisë është dhënë në njësitë e naftës (Oe).</li> <li><i>Lëndët djegëse të gazta</i> si <a href="/wiki/Gazi_natyror" title="Gazi natyror">gaz natyror</a> dhe biogazi përdoren kryesisht për ngrohjen e ndërtesave dhe gjenerimin e energjisë elektrike. Ato përdoren gjithashtu në industrinë kimike si lëndë djegëse dhe lëndë e parë. Gazi natyror është gjithashtu në më të vogla dhe të mesme kaldajave me avull për të gjeneruar avull qëlluan . Përmbajtja e energjisë është dhënë në kWh / kg.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çmimet_e_karburantit"><span id=".C3.87mimet_e_karburantit"></span>Çmimet e karburantit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Redakto pjesën: Çmimet e karburantit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Çmimet e karburantit"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Skeda:Steinkohle_aus_dem_Bergbau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Steinkohle_aus_dem_Bergbau.jpg/220px-Steinkohle_aus_dem_Bergbau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Steinkohle_aus_dem_Bergbau.jpg/330px-Steinkohle_aus_dem_Bergbau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Steinkohle_aus_dem_Bergbau.jpg/440px-Steinkohle_aus_dem_Bergbau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption> Antraciti. </figcaption></figure> <p>Çmimi i tregut botëror për karburantet ndryshon për shkak të shumë faktorëve. Matur kundrejt njësisë së qymyrit të fortë , çmimi luhatet në periudhën 1970 - 2004: </p> <ul><li>për naftën në 900%</li> <li>për qymyrin në 300%</li></ul> <p>Çmimet për karburantet kryesore kanë një ndikim të ndjeshëm në ekonomitë kombëtare. Çmimet e larta, për shembull, mund të përbëjnë <a href="/wiki/Inflacioni" title="Inflacioni">inflacionin</a> ekzistues. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kërkesa_e_karburantit"><span id="K.C3.ABrkesa_e_karburantit"></span>Kërkesa e karburantit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Redakto pjesën: Kërkesa e karburantit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Kërkesa e karburantit"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Përcaktimi i kërkesës për <i>karburant</i> është i nevojshëm për të përcaktuar sasinë e porosive ose të magazinimit, për të vlerësuar kostot e konsumit dhe për të bërë llogaritjet krahasuese me bartësit e tjerë të energjisë ose teknologjitë. Kjo vlen edhe për ekonominë në tërësi, si dhe për një fabrikë të vetme djegëse ose konsumator, qoftë fiks apo celular. </p><p>Ndër të tjera, kërkesa e karburantit varet nga: performanca e sistemit, efikasiteti, koha e rrjedhjes, lloji i karburantit dhe faktorë të veçantë si kontrolli dhe rregullimi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gjendja_kombëtare"><span id="Gjendja_komb.C3.ABtare"></span>Gjendja kombëtare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Redakto pjesën: Gjendja kombëtare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Gjendja kombëtare"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shumica e karburanteve të përdorura në Gjermani duhet të importohen. Kjo vlen kryesisht për lëndët djegëse të lëngëta dhe të gazta, pasi Evropa Qendrore ka shumë pak burime vetanake në këtë fushë. Nga ana tjetër, lëndët djegëse natyrale janë duke u promovuar si burime minerale në këtë zonë gjeografike, me <a href="/wiki/Subvencionet" title="Subvencionet">subvencione për të</a> mbështetur kostot e <a href="/wiki/Subvencionet" title="Subvencionet">subvencioneve</a> , për të mbajtur konkurrencën e brendshme me çmimet e paguara në tregun botëror. </p><p>Sigurimi i karburanteve nga <a href="/wiki/Burimet_e_rip%C3%ABrt%C3%ABritshme" title="Burimet e ripërtëritshme">burimet e rinovueshme</a> ( lëndët djegëse biogjenike ) po bëhet gjithnjë e më e rëndësishme për sektorët e energjisë dhe transportit. Në vitin 2009, 5.5% e energjisë finale të kërkuar në Gjermani nga karburantet biogjenike (si <a href="/wiki/Bioenergjia" title="Bioenergjia">bioenergjia</a> ). Ato përbëjnë rreth dy të tretat e <a href="/wiki/Energjia_e_rip%C3%ABrt%C3%ABritshme" title="Energjia e ripërtëritshme">energjisë</a> së <a href="/wiki/Energjia_e_rip%C3%ABrt%C3%ABritshme" title="Energjia e ripërtëritshme">rinovueshme</a> (10.1%). Pjesa më e madhe e bioenergjisë është nxehtësia. Megjithatë, potenciali i përgjithshëm i bioenergjisë në Gjermani është i kufizuar, kështu që vetëm një pjesë e kërkesës për energji mund të mbulohet nga ajo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Letërsi"><span id="Let.C3.ABrsi"></span>Letërsi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Redakto pjesën: Letërsi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Letërsi"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Karl-Heinz Schmidt, Ingo Romey, Fritz Mensch: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/810579367"><i>Qymyri - Nafta - Gaz natyror: Kimi dhe teknologjia.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://d-nb.info/810579367">[1]</a> 1. Aufl., Vogel Verlag, Würzburg 1981, ISBN 978-3-8023-0684-6 .</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shiko_edhe">Shiko edhe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Redakto pjesën: Shiko edhe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Shiko edhe"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biokarburanti" title="Biokarburanti">Biokarburanti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referime">Referime</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ABnda_djeg%C3%ABse&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" 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