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Congressional Budget Office
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field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2023-05/Capitol-1650x1100-Entire-20.jpg" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60984" hreflang="en">CBO Explains Common Sources of Uncertainty in Cost Estimates for Legislation</a></h3></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-slideshow"><div class="field-content"><p>CBO prepares a cost estimate for nearly every bill that is approved by a full committee of either the House or Senate. The estimates specify the legislation鈥檚 likely effects on federal outlays and revenues compared with the agency鈥檚 projections of what would occur under current law over a 10-year period. Those estimates generally reflect the middle of the distribution of the most likely budgetary outcomes that would result if a piece of legislation was enacted. Though representing the agency鈥檚 best assessment of the legislation鈥檚 budgetary effects, estimates can be subject to uncertainty arising from various sources. This document describes how CBO addresses the most common sources of uncertainty in its cost estimates.</p></div></div></div> </div> <div class="attachment attachment-after"> <div class="view view-frontpage view-id-frontpage view-display-id-attachment_1 js-view-dom-id-6dbf1662ea4e967cba23e108fede00c311b05d37e6af574dd8546fbbb8aea92f"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li><span class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publication/61135" hreflang="en">Additional Information About the Economic Outlook: 2025 to 2035</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60886" hreflang="en">Atlas of Military Compensation, 2024</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60776" hreflang="en">Unemployment Insurance: Budgetary History and Projections</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60870" hreflang="en">The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2025 to 2035</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publication/61141" hreflang="en">How CBO Supports the Congress</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60875" hreflang="en">The Demographic Outlook: 2025 to 2055</a></span></span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="view-footer"> <p><a href="/most-recent" class="button">Browse All Publications</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </section> </section> <style> .homepage-banner { display: flex; flex-direction: row; aspect-ratio: 4.22; position: relative; border: #d0d8db 2px solid; margin-bottom: 3.4rem; } .homepage-banner::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 33.33%; height: 100%; background-image: url('/sites/default/files/2025-01/119thCongress-USCapitol.png'); background-size: cover; background-position: bottom right -4px; background-repeat: no-repeat } .banner-graphic { flex: 1; /* 1/3 width */ background-size: cover; background-position: center; } .banner-content { flex: 1; margin-left: 0%; /* Offset content to align with image edge */ padding: 2rem 1rem; } .banner-title { font-size: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; } .banner-links { display: flex; flex-direction: row; gap: 2rem; } .links-column:first-child { flex: 1; /* Takes 33% */ list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; } .links-column:last-child { flex: 2; /* Takes remaining 66% */ list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; } .links-column a { display: block; /* color: rgb(6, 52, 101); */ text-decoration: none; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; font-weight: 600; font-family: "source_sans_prosemibold", "Helvetica", "Roboto", "Arial", sans-serif; } .links-column a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } @media (min-width: 768px) { .homepage-banner { aspect-ratio: auto; } .banner-content { margin-left: 33.33%; } } @media (max-width: 768px) { .homepage-banner { flex-direction: column; position: relative; } .homepage-banner::before { /* width: 100%; height: 100%; opacity: 0.15; z-index: 0; background-size: contain; */ display: none; } .banner-content { margin-left: 0; /* Reset margin for mobile */ position: relative; /* Stack above background */ z-index: 1; width: 100%; padding: 1rem; } .banner-links { flex-direction: column; gap: 0; margin-top: 1rem; } .links-column:first-child, .links-column:last-child { flex: unset; width: 100%; } } </style> <div id="block-cbo-119thcongresshomepagebanner" class="homepage-banner"> <div class="banner-content"> <h2 class="banner-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">CBO EXPLAINED AND RESOURCES FOR THE CONGRESS</div> </h2> <div class="banner-links"> <div class="links-column"> <div class="field field--name-field-links-column-1 field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publication/60869">An Introduction to CBO</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/about/10-things-to-know">10 Things to Know About CBO</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/about/press-center">Upcoming Releases</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/about/transparency">Transparency</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="links-column"> <div class="field field--name-field-links-column-2 field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publication/58916">CBO Explains How It Develops the Budget Baseline</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publication/59003">CBO Describes Its Cost-Estimating Process</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publication/56166">CBO's Cost Estimates Explained</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publication/57420">Common Budgetary Terms Explained</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publication/56507">CBO Explains Budgetary Scorekeeping Guidelines </a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publication/56506">The Statutory Pay-As-You Go Act and the Role of the Congress</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recurring-wrapper"> <section class="views-element-container block block-views block-views-blockfront-page-major-block-major" id="block-cbo-views-block-front-page-major-block-major"> <h2 >MAJOR RECURRING REPORTS</h2> <a href="about/products/major-recurring-reports" class="view-all">View All</a> <div class="carousel-nav"></div> <div class="major view view-front-page-major view-id-front_page_major view-display-id-block_major js-view-dom-id-40f9a3f0fbf5c8fed4ede16d9a2bf2371f047f03e07befea3872cfb663f04e4d"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/61195"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2025-02/61195-home-MBR.png?itok=aFwDtfFW 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2025-02/61195-home-MBR.png?itok=V4TATbzW 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2025-02/61195-home-MBR.png?itok=UDrr-49I 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2025-02/61195-home-MBR.png?itok=hUvUltYi 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2025-02/61195-home-MBR.png?itok=xzy6ZKua 1200w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1200" height="800" src="/sites/default/files/2025-02/61195-home-MBR.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/61195" hreflang="en">Monthly Budget Review: January 2025</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/61135"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2025-01/61135-home-GDP.png?itok=3DVlKV6G 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2025-01/61135-home-GDP.png?itok=iQk-MHQz 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2025-01/61135-home-GDP.png?itok=rmmfjzdX 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2025-01/61135-home-GDP.png?itok=Yf9DB06I 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2025-01/61135-home-GDP.png?itok=AKs4IYx8 1200w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1200" height="800" src="/sites/default/files/2025-01/61135-home-GDP.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/61135" hreflang="en">Additional Information About the Economic Outlook: 2025 to 2035</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60871"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2025-02/60871-home-EEAA-1.png?itok=7siWQJlg 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2025-02/60871-home-EEAA-1.png?itok=P-rQZhYc 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2025-02/60871-home-EEAA-1.png?itok=GlPVJJ9p 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2025-02/60871-home-EEAA-1.png?itok=9p8FYebz 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2025-02/60871-home-EEAA-1.png?itok=p5_7pyvD 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2025-02/60871-home-EEAA-1.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60871" hreflang="en">Expired and Expiring Authorizations of Appropriations: 2025 Preliminary Report</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/61044"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=b4ZSGXnE 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=Cv3fI7Zh 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=GuDVEeXY 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=xK20EoCF 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=1OSzvfA4 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg" alt="United States Capitol Building in Washington, DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/61044" hreflang="en">CBO鈥檚 Recent Publications and Work in Progress as of December 31, 2024</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60875"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2025-01/60875-home-demographic-outlook.png?itok=KZMMiOuh 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2025-01/60875-home-demographic-outlook.png?itok=MW3FgB8h 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2025-01/60875-home-demographic-outlook.png?itok=73svizis 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2025-01/60875-home-demographic-outlook.png?itok=7iD15Xwx 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2025-01/60875-home-demographic-outlook.png?itok=yD1melPk 1200w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1200" height="800" src="/sites/default/files/2025-01/60875-home-demographic-outlook.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60875" hreflang="en">The Demographic Outlook: 2025 to 2055</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60885"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2025-01/60885-home-Accuracy.png?itok=n3dhYrOO 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2025-01/60885-home-Accuracy.png?itok=T2WMH6EH 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2025-01/60885-home-Accuracy.png?itok=EpbOTTEz 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2025-01/60885-home-Accuracy.png?itok=CdBzgXc0 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2025-01/60885-home-Accuracy.png?itok=rF2vsjPC 1200w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1200" height="800" src="/sites/default/files/2025-01/60885-home-Accuracy.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60885" hreflang="en">The Accuracy of CBO鈥檚 Budget Projections for Fiscal Year 2024</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60732"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2025-01/60732-home-shipbuilding.jpg?itok=UutxBzLV 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2025-01/60732-home-shipbuilding.jpg?itok=qK6gwT5e 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2025-01/60732-home-shipbuilding.jpg?itok=N3Xl8Boj 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2025-01/60732-home-shipbuilding.jpg?itok=8v60fT1G 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2025-01/60732-home-shipbuilding.jpg?itok=i3j3CEnL 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2025-01/60732-home-shipbuilding.jpg" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60732" hreflang="en">An Analysis of the Navy鈥檚 2025 Shipbuilding Plan</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60557"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2024-12/60557-home-BudgetOptions.jpg?itok=1fiABEWn 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2024-12/60557-home-BudgetOptions.jpg?itok=t9HZ01GJ 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2024-12/60557-home-BudgetOptions.jpg?itok=FZUHSR4a 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2024-12/60557-home-BudgetOptions.jpg?itok=xR-cGTfK 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2024-12/60557-home-BudgetOptions.jpg?itok=oDdQwlKt 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2024-12/60557-home-BudgetOptions.jpg" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60557" hreflang="en">Options for Reducing the Deficit: 2025 to 2034</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60884"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=b4ZSGXnE 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=Cv3fI7Zh 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=GuDVEeXY 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=xK20EoCF 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg?itok=1OSzvfA4 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-001.jpg" alt="United States Capitol Building in Washington, DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60884" hreflang="en">CBO鈥檚 Projections of Federal Receipts and Expenditures in the National Income and Product Accounts: 2025 to 2034</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60665"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2024-11/60665-home-FYDP.jpg?itok=5F7hauzE 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2024-11/60665-home-FYDP.jpg?itok=v4Bc_ktY 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2024-11/60665-home-FYDP.jpg?itok=IMAO4QGp 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2024-11/60665-home-FYDP.jpg?itok=_9HpwHjd 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2024-11/60665-home-FYDP.jpg?itok=bopSfu38 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2024-11/60665-home-FYDP.jpg" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60665" hreflang="en">Long-Term Implications of the 2025 Future Years Defense Program</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60662"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2024-11/60662-home-automatic-stabilizers_0.png?itok=xfDzSi8g 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2024-11/60662-home-automatic-stabilizers_0.png?itok=y0X7Qs-o 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2024-11/60662-home-automatic-stabilizers_0.png?itok=K2yPUGlu 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2024-11/60662-home-automatic-stabilizers_0.png?itok=R7kGySoO 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2024-11/60662-home-automatic-stabilizers_0.png?itok=fglEw-RF 1200w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1200" height="800" src="/sites/default/files/2024-11/60662-home-automatic-stabilizers_0.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60662" hreflang="en">Effects of Automatic Stabilizers on the Federal Budget: 2024 to 2034</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60438"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52846-home-cover.png?itok=du1sNWyg 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52846-home-cover.png?itok=iiqcuPIZ 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52846-home-cover.png?itok=cdv77j3_ 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52846-home-cover.png?itok=pAq9EhF0 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52846-home-cover.png?itok=TE3qjDEK 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52846-home-cover.png" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60438" hreflang="en">An Analysis of the President鈥檚 2025 Budget</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60341"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2024-09/60341-home-income_0.png?itok=0RYkUlu7 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2024-09/60341-home-income_0.png?itok=9ZqLozwA 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2024-09/60341-home-income_0.png?itok=Qe46KVhV 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2024-09/60341-home-income_0.png?itok=ZwO2xFwR 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2024-09/60341-home-income_0.png?itok=02d6E8ob 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2024-09/60341-home-income_0.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60341" hreflang="en">The Distribution of Household Income in 2021</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60517"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Entire-011.jpg?itok=6HDJmtEM 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Entire-011.jpg?itok=_qp8-4Wl 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Entire-011.jpg?itok=pDtaST6S 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Entire-011.jpg?itok=VN2_hE7g 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Entire-011.jpg?itok=9gvEgALe 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Entire-011.jpg" alt="United States Capitol Building in Washington, DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60517" hreflang="en">Estimates of the Cost of Federal Credit Programs in 2025</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60392"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2024-08/60392-home-SocialSecurity.png?itok=vJ3cLsY_ 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2024-08/60392-home-SocialSecurity.png?itok=2hAMHXGG 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2024-08/60392-home-SocialSecurity.png?itok=Ti8HoFAa 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2024-08/60392-home-SocialSecurity.png?itok=VVpBVvFm 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2024-08/60392-home-SocialSecurity.png?itok=J2bNVhvh 1200w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1200" height="800" src="/sites/default/files/2024-08/60392-home-SocialSecurity.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60392" hreflang="en">CBO鈥檚 2024 Long-Term Projections for Social Security</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/60382"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=57iEbajw 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=8xy-RFlE 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=Jc-EKmfg 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=eFJmLKyy 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=zeY1jR-z 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg" alt="United States Capitol Building in Washington, DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/60382" hreflang="en">Sequestration Update Report: August 2024</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59975"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2024-04/59975-home-Transparency.png?itok=M7_uCtRv 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2024-04/59975-home-Transparency.png?itok=be-l51pz 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2024-04/59975-home-Transparency.png?itok=5ZUMaa63 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2024-04/59975-home-Transparency.png?itok=Wm7J0rhs 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2024-04/59975-home-Transparency.png?itok=Qmj-uXdw 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2024-04/59975-home-Transparency.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59975" hreflang="en">Transparency at CBO: Plans for 2024 and a Review of 2023</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59919"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=LLIR1tub 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=zzjO0RfE 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=pDBPgWb3 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=dRFNuF6t 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=nVEvPgGQ 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg" alt="United States Department of the Treasury Building, Washington DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59919" hreflang="en">Final Report on the Troubled Asset Relief Program</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59694"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=57iEbajw 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=8xy-RFlE 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=Jc-EKmfg 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=eFJmLKyy 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg?itok=zeY1jR-z 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-002.jpg" alt="United States Capitol Building in Washington, DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59694" hreflang="en">Legislation Enacted in the First Session of the 118th Congress That Affects Mandatory Spending or Revenues</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59698"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2022-08/CBO-Logo-1650x1100.png?itok=dV-yacTS 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2022-08/CBO-Logo-1650x1100.png?itok=RRKeBtEi 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2022-08/CBO-Logo-1650x1100.png?itok=JoWt4H0R 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2022-08/CBO-Logo-1650x1100.png?itok=owE-Xe0J 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2022-08/CBO-Logo-1650x1100.png?itok=-YeA-YJR 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2022-08/CBO-Logo-1650x1100.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59698" hreflang="en">The Congressional Budget Office鈥檚 Request for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2025</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59711"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2024-03/59711-home-LTBO.png?itok=yDbAFn4_ 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2024-03/59711-home-LTBO.png?itok=IRjJfjGn 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2024-03/59711-home-LTBO.png?itok=jOSLsUOT 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2024-03/59711-home-LTBO.png?itok=LwuK2gV2 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2024-03/59711-home-LTBO.png?itok=ZcclwmgB 1200w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1200" height="800" src="/sites/default/files/2024-03/59711-home-LTBO.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59711" hreflang="en">The Long-Term Budget Outlook: 2024 to 2054</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59696"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/51xxx/51535-home-cover.png?itok=Yvh-AkFL 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/51xxx/51535-home-cover.png?itok=AII-rNod 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/51xxx/51535-home-cover.png?itok=FEP6ks9s 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/51xxx/51535-home-cover.png?itok=eoXveVVF 800w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="800" height="550" src="/sites/default/files/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/51xxx/51535-home-cover.png" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59696" hreflang="en">The U.S. Military鈥檚 Force Structure: Fiscal Year 2024 Update to Personnel Numbers and Costs</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59273"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2023-09/59273-home-Health-Insurance.png?itok=Br97OTQz 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2023-09/59273-home-Health-Insurance.png?itok=v5-NV-8G 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2023-09/59273-home-Health-Insurance.png?itok=w5dBZDzS 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2023-09/59273-home-Health-Insurance.png?itok=wA2luwDx 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2023-09/59273-home-Health-Insurance.png?itok=AKVQgAqP 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2023-09/59273-home-Health-Insurance.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59273" hreflang="en">Federal Subsidies for Health Insurance: 2023 to 2033</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59054"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52401-home-cover.jpg?itok=_XnvCOhy 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52401-home-cover.jpg?itok=VvQRgryY 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52401-home-cover.jpg?itok=8i9cFR35 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52401-home-cover.jpg?itok=9o7mfraa 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52401-home-cover.jpg?itok=poHI9RNJ 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/cbofiles/images/pubs-images/52xxx/52401-home-cover.jpg" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59054" hreflang="en">Projected Costs of U.S. Nuclear Forces, 2023 to 2032</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59078"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2023-06/59078-home-forecast.png?itok=GsncOW7g 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2023-06/59078-home-forecast.png?itok=81DF7AfN 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2023-06/59078-home-forecast.png?itok=nBeNkxWb 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2023-06/59078-home-forecast.png?itok=T5nhnsG- 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2023-06/59078-home-forecast.png?itok=W83bs7m2 1200w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1200" height="800" src="/sites/default/files/2023-06/59078-home-forecast.png" alt="" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59078" hreflang="en">CBO鈥檚 Economic Forecasting Record: 2023 Update</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/59130"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=LLIR1tub 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=zzjO0RfE 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=pDBPgWb3 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=dRFNuF6t 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg?itok=nVEvPgGQ 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Treasury-1650x1100-002.jpg" alt="United States Department of the Treasury Building, Washington DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/59130" hreflang="en">Federal Debt and the Statutory Limit, May 2023</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/55347"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-004.jpg?itok=drXgRRbS 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-004.jpg?itok=IU2Wrx_X 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-004.jpg?itok=q1K_EMYE 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-004.jpg?itok=hgwTyR1f 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-004.jpg?itok=wGL2F3zm 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-004.jpg" alt="United States Capitol Building in Washington, DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/55347" hreflang="en">Federal Mandatory Spending for Means-Tested Programs, 2009 to 2029</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/54539"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2018-10/54539-home-cover.png?itok=E-V-sNxW 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2018-10/54539-home-cover.png?itok=ev2fq_Ik 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2018-10/54539-home-cover.png?itok=n9osv99_ 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2018-10/54539-home-cover.png?itok=IZChPE14 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2018-10/54539-home-cover.png?itok=h3msUb_n 825w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="825" height="550" src="/sites/default/files/2018-10/54539-home-cover.png" alt="Public Spending on Transportation and Water Infrastructure, by Level of Government" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/54539" hreflang="en">Public Spending on Transportation and Water Infrastructure, 1956 to 2017</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/50051"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-010.jpg?itok=Vt_EvBQp 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-010.jpg?itok=17MlRAaU 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-010.jpg?itok=RQZELgWE 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-010.jpg?itok=NLlKDeeT 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-010.jpg?itok=C-2ArXBW 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-010.jpg" alt="United States Capitol Building in Washington, DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/50051" hreflang="und">A Review of CBO鈥檚 Activities in 2014 Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act</a></h3> </div> <div class="recurring-report"> <a href="/publication/49958"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/240/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-014.jpg?itok=jBid2qYQ 240w, /sites/default/files/styles/480/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-014.jpg?itok=FYqNRkKQ 480w, /sites/default/files/styles/624/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-014.jpg?itok=pCEaScqp 624w, /sites/default/files/styles/800/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-014.jpg?itok=ghz8WD9r 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1500/public/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-014.jpg?itok=X10wUlyO 1500w" sizes=" 87.5em) 25vw , calc(20vw - 40px)" width="1650" height="1100" src="/sites/default/files/2019-04/Capitol-1650x1100-Dome-014.jpg" alt="United States Capitol Building in Washington, DC" /> </div> </div> </a><h3 class="field-content"><a href="/publication/49958" hreflang="und">Estimated Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act on Employment and Economic Output in 2014</a></h3> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <section id="block-cbo-topicshome" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentc3b3e2c7-d67c-43db-9693-1140849f8464"> <h2 >TOPICS</h2> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="home-topics"><a class="view-all" href="topics">View All</a> <ul> <li><a href="topics/budget">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/topics/economy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="topics/health-care">Health Care</a></li> <li><a href="topics/taxes">Taxes</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </section> <section id="block-cbo-blocktabsmostrecent" class="block block-blocktabs 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