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International Energy Agency promotes biomass energy
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Several of them misrepresent on-the-ground forestry practise and bioenergy systems, and associat","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/international-energy-agency-promote-biomass-andrew-w-cox","publisher":null,"name":"International Energy Agency promotes biomass energy","commentCount":3,"interactionStatistic":[{"interactionType":"http://schema.org/LikeAction","userInteractionCount":0,"@type":"InteractionCounter"},{"interactionType":"http://schema.org/CommentAction","userInteractionCount":3,"@type":"InteractionCounter"}],"datePublished":"2021-02-11T11:39:09.000+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/international-energy-agency-promote-biomass-andrew-w-cox","isAccessibleForFree":true,"image":{"url":"https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4D12AQF3ON04RGvr3A/article-cover_image-shrink_600_2000/article-cover_image-shrink_600_2000/0/1613043375280?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=CueQJKJR8OIbXSK9kRxp7kq0lG2cVFbdekqDyKPbqxY","@type":"ImageObject"},"dateModified":"2021-02-11T11:50:26.000+00:00","author":{"@type":"Person","url":"https://uk.linkedin.com/in/andrewwcox","name":"Andrew W. 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biomass</figcaption> </figure> <header> <section class="core-section-container relative my-3"> <h1 class="pulse-title text-display-md text-color-text lg:text-display-lg font-bold w-11/12">International Energy Agency promotes biomass energy</h1> <div class="ellipsis-menu absolute right-0 top-0"> <div class="collapsible-dropdown flex items-center relative hyphens-auto"> <button class="ellipsis-menu__trigger collapsible-dropdown__button btn-md btn-tertiary cursor-pointer !py-[6px] !px-1 flex items-center rounded-[50%] " aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open menu" data-tracking-control-name="article-ssr-frontend-pulse_ellipsis-menu-trigger" tabindex="0"> <icon class="ellipsis-menu__trigger-icon m-0 p-0 centered-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/671xosfpvk4c0kqtyl87hashi"></icon> </button> <ul class="collapsible-dropdown__list hidden container-raised absolute w-auto overflow-y-auto flex-col items-stretch z-1 bottom-auto top-[100%]" role="menu" tabindex="-1"> <li 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Cox </span> </a> <img class="inline-block relative rounded-[50%] w-6 h-6 " data-delayed-url="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4D03AQGxJTAtxqQYQw/profile-displayphoto-shrink_400_400/profile-displayphoto-shrink_400_400/0/1637609591184?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=Xev5S71YH6OVIe6ANkPIHUrL69xpbBLXTAnkIzpyRdg" data-ghost-classes="bg-color-entity-ghost-background" data-ghost-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/9c8pery4andzj6ohjkjp54ma2" alt="Andrew W. Cox"> <div class="base-main-card__info self-center ml-1 flex-1 relative break-words papabear:min-w-0 mamabear:min-w-0 babybear:w-full "> <!----> <h3 class="base-main-card__title font-sans text-[18px] font-bold text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Andrew W. Cox </h3> <h4 class="base-main-card__subtitle body-text text-color-text overflow-hidden "> Energy Intelligence & Marketing Research - Energy Consultant, Professional Trainer, Freelance Writer and Event Producer </h4> <!----> <div class="body-text text-color-text-low-emphasis base-main-card__metadata"> Published Feb 11, 2021 </div> <!----> </div> <div class="base-main-card__ctas z-[3] self-center ml-3 babybear:ml-1 babybear:self-start"> <a class="base-main-card__cta btn-sm btn-secondary" href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup/cold-join?session_redirect=%2Fpulse%2Finternational-energy-agency-promote-biomass-andrew-w-cox&trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_publisher-author-card" data-tracking-control-name="article-ssr-frontend-pulse_publisher-author-card" data-tracking-will-navigate> + Follow </a> </div> </div> </div> </section> </header> <div class="article-main__content max-w-[744px]"><p><strong>Campaigns questioning the use of woody biomass for energy are missing key facts</strong></p><p><em>There are concurrent media campaigns and publications questioning the use of woody biomass for renewable energy production. Several of them misrepresent on-the-ground forestry practise and bioenergy systems, and associate the use of woody biomass for energy with overexploitation of forests, even permanent deforestation, and "the burning of trees".</em></p><p><em>In reality, forest bioenergy is an integral part of the forest sector which responds to bioenergy demand by devising forest management approaches and industrial processes to produce fuels, heat and electricity along with sawlogs, paper and a multitude of other biobased products. The media campaigns also often ignore the many steps that have already been taken towards sustainable forest management, particularly in Europe and North America.</em></p><p><em>While it is certainly important to identify what is needed to ensure that biomass is produced and used in a responsible way, the misrepresentations within recent soundbites run the risk of discrediting biomass as a sustainable material and energy source altogether – a feat that could have dire consequences for global carbon neutrality ambitions.</em></p><p>February 2021 – Combustion is today the most frequent means of converting woody biomass into energy, particularly in the form of heat and/or power. This can conjure the vision of “cutting down forest stands and burning the trees for energy” in the mind of the common reader and also scientists that are unfamiliar with on-the-ground forestry and bioenergy systems. However the reality is very different!</p><p>Forests are generally managed to provide multiple forest products, such as sawnwood, paper, bioenergy and also other biobased products. <strong>The wood used for bioenergy is not high quality lumber, but typically comprises thinnings, low-quality wood, salvage wood, harvest logging residues, processing residues or wood waste.</strong> As a case in point, about 90% of global renewable industrial heat consumption is currently based on biomass, mainly in industries that can use their own biomass waste and residues, such as sawmills and the pulp and paper industry. By shifting from fossil fuels to biomass these industries can stop injecting fossil carbon into the atmosphere. Energy efficiency improvements and changes in industrial processes in addition enables them to produce fuels, heat and electricity for use elsewhere, e.g., for heating homes.</p><p>The Joint Research Centre of the European Commission found that about 50% of wood used for bioenergy in the EU is derived from secondary products, such as forest-based industry by-products and recovered post-consumer wood, 17% from treetops, branches and other residues, and 20% from stemwood - which is mostly coppice wood, small stem thinning wood and harvested stems of poor quality that cannot be used in sawmills or pulp and paper production.</p><p>Further, <strong>it is well-recognized that any harvesting of biomass – be it for bioenergy, construction material, paper, or other use – should occur within sustainability boundaries.</strong> This implies management and harvesting principles providing safeguards against overharvesting and maintaining ecological sustainability as well as cultural and recreational values. This is why in the past 30 years sustainable forest management schemes such as FSC or PEFC endorsed schemes have been developed and deployed. Hundreds of millions of hectares of forests globally are currently certified by FSC or PEFC. Many countries have adopted similar forest management principles in their national or regional forestry legislations. Moreover, in the European context - the focus of these media campaigns - the recast of the Renewable Energy Directive imposes further requirements to minimise the risk of using forest biomass derived from unsustainable practice.</p><p>It is critically important to recognize that <strong>CO2 from bioenergy use is part of the short-term carbon cycle.</strong> When a forest stand is harvested and some of the biomass is used for energy, the carbon that was previously taken up from the atmosphere during stand growth is emitted to the atmosphere, and new carbon is taken up again when the stand regrows. So as long as harvests do not exceed carbon uptake in the forest, it does not increase atmospheric CO2 concentrations. In contrast, fossil fuel use causes a linear flow of carbon from geologic stores to the atmosphere. Just comparing CO2 emissions at the exhaust – as is sometimes done - misses this fundamental difference between biogenic and fossil carbon. What matters is whether increasing use of forest biomass for energy is part of a changing forest management paradigm that brings systematic decreases or increases in the amount of carbon stored in forests. If there is a decrease this diminishes the climate benefits of forest bioenergy. If there is an increase the climate benefit is enhanced.</p><p>The most important way to fight climate change is to <strong>transform energy and transport systems as soon as possible so that we can leave fossil carbon in the ground</strong>. Sustainable bioenergy is available now, and is compatible with existing energy infrastructure, enabling immediate substitution of coal, natural gas or petroleum fuels. Moreover, it can actually remove CO2 from the atmosphere when combined with carbon capture and storage of the CO2 associated with bioenergy use. Bioenergy can therefore play a significant role in supporting energy system transformation to achieve carbon neutrality.</p><p><strong>The use of woody biomass to meet growing energy demand as well as its carbon neutrality goals should not be excluded because there may be risks of unsustainable practice. Rather, the focus should be on what practices, innovations, and policy regulations are required to ensure sustainable sourcing and efficient conversion to bioenergy and bioproducts.</strong></p><p>Source: IEA Bioenergy News Release - 11th February 2021</p><div class="slate-resizable-image-embed slate-image-embed__resize-full-width"><img alt="No alt text provided for this image" data-media-urn="" data-li-src="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/C4D12AQFmV--tc1SBSQ/article-inline_image-shrink_400_744/article-inline_image-shrink_400_744/0/1613043395976?e=1738800000&v=beta&t=smMPBnUzuUk8E9KWnbRQa-87yUzqS6HingjJ4LYwNTU" src="//:0"></div><p>The <strong>IEA Bioenergy</strong> Technology Collaboration Programme (IEA Bioenergy TCP) is a global network on research and implementation of bioenergy, established under the International Energy Agency’s Implementing Agreement mechanism. The IEA Bioenergy TCP comprises a world-wide network of experts in every aspect of the value chain of biomass for energy, who are from the research community, institutions of higher education, government agencies and industry. IEA Bioenergy has a rich and excellent history of encouraging and perpetuating the use of biomass as an energy source, to help lessen dependence on fossil fuels, both within and outside its member countries.</p><p>Further information: <a href="https://u3811640.ct.sendgrid.net/ls/click?upn=ofcJbTj1kLbyyxYuauhSvari0zcYeZ6Cyf6jtw487r4rg3lZhokC-2Bxl3Ag12SiKxNqOG_GptQX16N64WwKT5la58D1rZlnsEKCFWpdanIGG2Bw8rDXRrDS0FYLzutj8ZgBSv4trNCVpnkNcJuLeZIFE3kH2iUWurYIBiRFs-2FAZVS86bf4vesOeccJJwMFZ1rXnH61jWcR8m4ferjC7GHCm4DhjNBp9OuBZrC62TNmOd7zgfxHR6C28hYds0YIFZJoUSJIm-2FjVMGQB0PUDuau-2Fb9Nb5eGPpotCGfZsFJqEfHlb-2Fdy0qJsobaUXLhy0U4ZWt-2BB2xcBowajMNYqQGIgez4mxwLFg5jH2xxOOxWIc7v2Kik0hrLOCudwPKqLBJph3zj4ns1LZe6tRDhDGFc3a384VT0HL2qZRaw6VJYQUWigQK54mBsEKsYwFJllllKfYMTiUv5zSJ06Jkr-2FeQjB0klz8ph1HNEzTLBEhhi7H5-2BaWYEDoELwgniqaoMIW4G7YUVB1ukXuEzBpgww9PtYgiC23-2B5cBV2FuGXdLY0-2F8QnuRrfOGCKJNMvylLfDZK9vh5P8kTtdPQXQWweqSGYff8mgwwQ-3D-3D" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">www.ieabioenergy.com</a></p></div> 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class="attributed-text-segment-list__container relative mt-1 mb-1.5 babybear:mt-0 babybear:mb-0.5"> <p class="attributed-text-segment-list__content text-color-text !text-sm whitespace-pre-wrap break-words comment__text babybear:mt-0.5" dir="ltr">Biomass is a carbon neutral, development cost of biomass plant is high may be not financially viable for low conversion to power.</p> <!----> </div> <!----> <!----> </div> <div class="comment__actions flex flex-row flex-wrap items-center ml-2" aria-label="Comment Controls"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/signup/cold-join?session_redirect=%2Fpulse%2Finternational-energy-agency-promote-biomass-andrew-w-cox&trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_x-social-details_comments-action_comment_like" class="comment__action inline-block font-sans text-xs text-color-text-low-emphasis cursor-pointer" data-tracking-control-name="article-ssr-frontend-pulse_x-social-details_comments-action_comment_like" data-tracking-will-navigate> <div class="flex flex-row 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language-selector__link--selected" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-en_US" data-locale="en_US" role="menuitem" lang="en_US"> <strong>English (English)</strong> </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Español (Spanish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-es_ES" data-locale="es_ES" role="menuitem" lang="es_ES"> Español (Spanish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="فارسی (Persian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-fa_IR" data-locale="fa_IR" role="menuitem" lang="fa_IR"> فارسی (Persian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Suomi (Finnish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-fi_FI" data-locale="fi_FI" role="menuitem" lang="fi_FI"> Suomi (Finnish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Français (French)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-fr_FR" data-locale="fr_FR" role="menuitem" lang="fr_FR"> Français (French) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="हिंदी (Hindi)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-hi_IN" data-locale="hi_IN" role="menuitem" lang="hi_IN"> हिंदी (Hindi) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Magyar (Hungarian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-hu_HU" data-locale="hu_HU" role="menuitem" lang="hu_HU"> Magyar (Hungarian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-in_ID" data-locale="in_ID" role="menuitem" lang="in_ID"> Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Italiano (Italian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-it_IT" data-locale="it_IT" role="menuitem" lang="it_IT"> Italiano (Italian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="עברית (Hebrew)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-iw_IL" data-locale="iw_IL" role="menuitem" lang="iw_IL"> עברית (Hebrew) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="日本語 (Japanese)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ja_JP" data-locale="ja_JP" role="menuitem" lang="ja_JP"> 日本語 (Japanese) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="한국어 (Korean)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ko_KR" data-locale="ko_KR" role="menuitem" lang="ko_KR"> 한국어 (Korean) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="मराठी (Marathi)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-mr_IN" data-locale="mr_IN" role="menuitem" lang="mr_IN"> मराठी (Marathi) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Bahasa Malaysia (Malay)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ms_MY" data-locale="ms_MY" role="menuitem" lang="ms_MY"> Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Nederlands (Dutch)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-nl_NL" data-locale="nl_NL" role="menuitem" lang="nl_NL"> Nederlands (Dutch) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Norsk (Norwegian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-no_NO" data-locale="no_NO" role="menuitem" lang="no_NO"> Norsk (Norwegian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pa_IN" data-locale="pa_IN" role="menuitem" lang="pa_IN"> ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Polski (Polish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pl_PL" data-locale="pl_PL" role="menuitem" lang="pl_PL"> Polski (Polish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Português (Portuguese)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pt_BR" data-locale="pt_BR" role="menuitem" lang="pt_BR"> Português (Portuguese) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Română (Romanian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ro_RO" data-locale="ro_RO" role="menuitem" lang="ro_RO"> Română (Romanian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Русский (Russian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ru_RU" data-locale="ru_RU" role="menuitem" lang="ru_RU"> Русский (Russian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Svenska (Swedish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-sv_SE" data-locale="sv_SE" role="menuitem" lang="sv_SE"> Svenska (Swedish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="తెలుగు (Telugu)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-te_IN" data-locale="te_IN" role="menuitem" lang="te_IN"> తెలుగు (Telugu) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="ภาษาไทย (Thai)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-th_TH" data-locale="th_TH" role="menuitem" lang="th_TH"> ภาษาไทย (Thai) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Tagalog (Tagalog)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-tl_PH" data-locale="tl_PH" role="menuitem" lang="tl_PH"> Tagalog (Tagalog) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Türkçe (Turkish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-tr_TR" data-locale="tr_TR" role="menuitem" lang="tr_TR"> Türkçe (Turkish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Українська (Ukrainian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-uk_UA" data-locale="uk_UA" role="menuitem" lang="uk_UA"> Українська (Ukrainian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-vi_VN" data-locale="vi_VN" role="menuitem" lang="vi_VN"> Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified))" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-zh_CN" data-locale="zh_CN" role="menuitem" lang="zh_CN"> 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation"> <!-- Adding aria-label to both the li and the button because screen reader focus goes to button on desktop and li on mobile--> <button aria-label="正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional))" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-zh_TW" data-locale="zh_TW" role="menuitem" lang="zh_TW"> 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) </button> </li> <!----> </ul> <button class="language-selector__button select-none relative pr-2 font-sans text-xs font-bold text-color-text-low-emphasis hover:text-color-link-hover hover:cursor-pointer focus:text-color-link-focus focus:outline-dotted focus:outline-1" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="footer-lang-dropdown_trigger"> <span class="language-selector__label-text mr-0.5 break-words"> Language </span> <icon class="language-selector__label-chevron w-2 h-2 absolute top-0 right-0" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> </div> </li> </ul> <!----> </footer> <div id="toasts" class="toasts fixed z-8 babybear:right-4 mamabear:right-4 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