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Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cant%C3%B3n_de_Negros" title="Cantón de Negros – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cantón de Negros" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="네그로스 공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="네그로스 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Negros" title="Republik Negros – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik Negros" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Negros" title="Republika Negros – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Republika Negros" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cant%C3%A3o_de_Negros" title="Cantão de Negros – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cantão de Negros" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_ng_Negros" title="Republika ng Negros – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Republika ng Negros" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA" title="สาธารณรัฐเนโกรส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" 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123</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1898–1901 Philippine revolutionary polity</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and 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.ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Republic of Negros</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span title="Hiligaynon-language text"><i lang="hil">Republika sang Negros</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>)</span><br /><span title="Cebuano-language text"><i lang="ceb">Republika sa Negros</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>)</span><br /><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">República de Negros</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1898–1901</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px 3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Negros_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Negros"><img alt="Flag of Negros" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Negros_Republic.svg/125px-Flag_of_Negros_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Negros_Republic.svg/188px-Flag_of_Negros_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Negros_Republic.svg/250px-Flag_of_Negros_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> </div> <div>Flag</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Atlas_of_the_Philippine_Islands_(1900)_(14585672399).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of Negros Island in 1900"><img alt="Map of Negros Island in 1900" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Atlas_of_the_Philippine_Islands_%281900%29_%2814585672399%29.jpg/250px-Atlas_of_the_Philippine_Islands_%281900%29_%2814585672399%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Atlas_of_the_Philippine_Islands_%281900%29_%2814585672399%29.jpg/375px-Atlas_of_the_Philippine_Islands_%281900%29_%2814585672399%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Atlas_of_the_Philippine_Islands_%281900%29_%2814585672399%29.jpg/500px-Atlas_of_the_Philippine_Islands_%281900%29_%2814585672399%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="5948" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Map of Negros Island in 1900</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Provisional_government" title="Provisional government">Provisional Revolutionary Government</a> (1898)<br />Constituent of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_of_the_Visayas" title="Federal State of the Visayas">Federal State of the Visayas</a> (1898–1899)<br /><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a> <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a> (1899–1901)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bac%C3%B3lod" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacólod">Bacólod</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_Philippines" title="Spanish language in the Philippines">Spanish</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data">Republican canton</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">President</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1898–1899 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aniceto_Lacson" title="Aniceto Lacson">Aniceto Lacson</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Governor General of the Provinces</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1899–1901 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Melecio Severino</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">President of the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Chamber of Deputies">Chamber of Deputies</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1899–1899 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Luzuriaga" title="José de Luzuriaga">José de Luzuriaga</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Chamber of Deputies">Chamber of Deputies</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Historical era</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_Imperialism" title="New Imperialism">New Imperialism</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• End of the <a href="/wiki/Negros_Revolution" title="Negros Revolution">Negros Revolution</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">November 27, 1898</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Annexation to the Philippine Islands </div></th><td class="infobox-data">April 20, 1901</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_State_of_the_Visayas" title="Federal State of the Visayas">Federal State of the Visayas</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_State_of_the_Visayas" title="Federal State of the Visayas">Federal State of the Visayas</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands">United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-country-fn"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard hlist" style="width:25em"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:History of the Philippines">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines" title="History of the Philippines">History of <span class="fn org label">the Philippines</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carta_Hydrographica_y_Chorographica_de_las_Yslas_Filipinas_Dedicada_al_Rey_Nuestro_Se%C3%B1or_por_el_Mariscal_d._Campo_D._Fernando_Valdes_Tamon_Cavall%C2%BA_del_Orden_de_Santiago_de_Govor._Y_Capn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carta_Hydrographica_y_Chorographica_de_las_Yslas_Filipinas_Dedicada_al_Rey_Nuestro_Se%C3%B1or_por_el_Mariscal_d._Campo_D._Fernando_Valdes_Tamon_Cavall%C2%BA_del_Orden_de_Santiago_de_Govor._Y_Capn.jpg/225px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carta_Hydrographica_y_Chorographica_de_las_Yslas_Filipinas_Dedicada_al_Rey_Nuestro_Se%C3%B1or_por_el_Mariscal_d._Campo_D._Fernando_Valdes_Tamon_Cavall%C2%BA_del_Orden_de_Santiago_de_Govor._Y_Capn.jpg/338px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carta_Hydrographica_y_Chorographica_de_las_Yslas_Filipinas_Dedicada_al_Rey_Nuestro_Se%C3%B1or_por_el_Mariscal_d._Campo_D._Fernando_Valdes_Tamon_Cavall%C2%BA_del_Orden_de_Santiago_de_Govor._Y_Capn.jpg/450px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4745" data-file-height="4365" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Philippine_history" title="Timeline of Philippine history">Timeline</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_the_Philippines" title="Prehistory of the Philippines">Prehistoric period</a> (pre-900)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_the_Philippines#Kalinga_artifacts_and_fossil_fauna_remains" title="Prehistory of the Philippines">Early hominin activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homo_luzonensis" title="Homo luzonensis">Homo luzonensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabon_Man" title="Tabon Man">Tabon Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Models_of_migration_to_the_Philippines" title="Models of migration to the Philippines">Austronesian expansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angono_Petroglyphs" title="Angono Petroglyphs">Angono Petroglyphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal-lo_and_Gattaran_Shell_Middens" title="Lal-lo and Gattaran Shell Middens">Lal-lo and Gattaran Shell Middens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_jade_culture" title="Philippine jade culture">Jade culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa_Hu%E1%BB%B3nh_culture" title="Sa Huỳnh culture">Sa Huỳnh culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precolonial_barangay" title="Precolonial barangay">Precolonial barangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Silk_Road" title="Maritime Silk Road">Maritime Silk Road</a></li></ul> <p><b>Events/Artifacts</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_Terraces_of_the_Philippine_Cordilleras" title="Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras">Cordillera Rice Terraces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_grave_goods_in_the_Philippines" title="Prehistoric grave goods in the Philippines">Grave goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalanay_Cave" title="Kalanay Cave">Kalanay Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitum_anthropomorphic_pottery" title="Maitum anthropomorphic pottery">Maitum anthropomorphic pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manunggul_Jar" title="Manunggul Jar">Manunggul Jar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_beads_in_the_Philippines" title="Prehistoric beads in the Philippines">Prehistoric beads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_tools_in_the_Philippines" title="Shell tools in the Philippines">Shell tools</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(900%E2%80%931565)" title="History of the Philippines (900–1565)">Precolonial period</a> (900–1565)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"><b>Historically documented states/polities</b> <p><i>(north to south)</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caboloan" title="Caboloan">Caboloan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cainta_(historical_polity)" title="Cainta (historical polity)">Cainta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tondo_(historical_polity)" title="Tondo (historical polity)">Tondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namayan" title="Namayan">Namayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynila_(historical_polity)" title="Maynila (historical polity)">Maynila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibalon" title="Ibalon">Ibalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma-i" title="Ma-i">Ma-i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulilu" title="Pulilu">Pulilu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandao" title="Sandao">Sandao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madja-as" title="Madja-as">Madja-as</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapitan_Kingdom" title="Dapitan Kingdom">Dapitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu_(historical_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cebu (historical state)">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butuan_(historical_polity)" title="Butuan (historical polity)">Butuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanmalan" title="Sanmalan">Sanmalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Maguindanao" title="Sultanate of Maguindanao">Sultanate of Maguindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Buayan" title="Sultanate of Buayan">Sultanate of Buayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_Lanao" title="Confederate States of Lanao">Sultanates of Lanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a></li></ul> <p><b>Events/Artifacts</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maragtas" title="Maragtas">Maragtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Copperplate_Inscription" title="Laguna Copperplate Inscription">Laguna Copperplate Inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butuan_Ivory_Seal" title="Butuan Ivory Seal">Butuan Ivory Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limestone_tombs_of_Kamhantik" title="Limestone tombs of Kamhantik">Limestone tombs of Kamhantik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabayan_Mummies" title="Kabayan Mummies">Kabayan Mummies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" title="Baybayin">Baybayin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijang" title="Ijang">Batanes Ijang fortresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_image" title="Agusan image">Golden Tara of Agusan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monreal_Stones" title="Monreal Stones">Monreal Stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butuan_Silver_Paleograph" title="Butuan Silver Paleograph">Butuan Silver Paleograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piloncitos" title="Piloncitos">Piloncitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barter_rings" title="Barter rings">Barter rings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luzones" title="Luzones">Luzones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magellan_expedition" title="Magellan expedition">Magellan expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mactan" title="Battle of Mactan">Battle of Mactan</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1565%E2%80%931898)" title="History of the Philippines (1565–1898)">Spanish colonial period</a> (1565–1898)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"><b>Events</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_L%C3%B3pez_de_Legazpi#Expedition_to_the_Philippines" title="Miguel López de Legazpi">Voyage of Miguel López de Legazpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandugo" title="Sandugo">Sandugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Cebu_(1565)" title="Treaty of Cebu (1565)">Treaty of Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Cebu" title="Blockade of Cebu">Blockade of Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1570)" title="Battle of Manila (1570)">Spanish capture of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bangkusay" title="Battle of Bangkusay">Battle of Bangkusay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_the_Philippines" title="Captaincy General of the Philippines">Captaincy General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tondo_Conspiracy" title="Tondo Conspiracy">Tondo Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">Manila galleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_revolts_against_Spain" title="Philippine revolts against Spain">Revolts and uprisings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igorot_resistance_to_Spanish_colonization" title="Igorot resistance to Spanish colonization">Igorot resistance to Spanish colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93Moro_conflict" title="Spanish–Moro conflict">Spanish–Moro conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_La_Naval_de_Manila" title="Battles of La Naval de Manila">Battles of La Naval de Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_occupation_of_Manila" title="British occupation of Manila">British invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_Movement" title="Propaganda Movement">Propaganda Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Cavite_mutiny" title="1872 Cavite mutiny">1872 Cavite mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Liga_Filipina" title="La Liga Filipina">La Liga Filipina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katipunan" title="Katipunan">Katipunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Pugad_Lawin" title="Cry of Pugad Lawin">Cry of Pugad Lawin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejeros_Convention" title="Tejeros Convention">Tejeros Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Republic of Biak-na-Bato">Republic of Biak-na-Bato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Treaty of Paris (1898)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_Bay" title="Battle of Manila Bay">Battle of Manila Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Philippine Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1898)" title="Battle of Manila (1898)">American capture of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War" title="Philippine–American War">Philippine–American War</a></li></ul> <p><b>Artifacts</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Codex" title="Boxer Codex">Boxer Codex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctrina_Christiana" title="Doctrina Christiana">Doctrina Christiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Santo_Tomas_Baybayin_Documents" title="University of Santo Tomas Baybayin Documents">UST Baybayin Documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velarde_map" title="Velarde map">Velarde map</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1898%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Philippines (1898–1946)">American colonial period</a> (1898–1946)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic" title="Tagalog Republic">Tagalog Republic</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Negros Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Zamboanga" title="Republic of Zamboanga">Zamboanga Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands">Military Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Rebellion" title="Moro Rebellion">Moro Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" title="Insular Government of the Philippine Islands">Insular Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Law_(Philippines)" title="Jones Law (Philippines)">Jones Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tydings%E2%80%93McDuffie_Act" title="Tydings–McDuffie Act">Tydings–McDuffie Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Philippines_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the Philippines during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Philippines" title="Japanese occupation of the Philippines">Japanese occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bataan" title="Battle of Bataan">Battle of Bataan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corregidor" title="Battle of Corregidor">Battle of Corregidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Second Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_resistance_against_Japan" title="Philippine resistance against Japan">Philippine resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukbalahap" title="Hukbalahap">Hukbalahap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf" title="Battle of Leyte Gulf">Battle of Leyte Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines_campaign_(1944%E2%80%931945)" title="Philippines campaign (1944–1945)">Philippines campaign</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1946%E2%80%931965)" title="History of the Philippines (1946–1965)">Post-independence</a> (1946–1965)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1946%E2%80%931965)" title="History of the Philippines (1946–1965)">Third Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Manila_(1946)" title="Treaty of Manila (1946)">Treaty of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_Defense_Treaty_(United_States%E2%80%93Philippines)" title="Mutual Defense Treaty (United States–Philippines)">Mutual Defense Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukbalahap_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hukbalahap Rebellion">Hukbalahap Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_First_policy" title="Filipino First policy">Filipino First policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_dispute" title="North Borneo dispute">North Borneo dispute</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Marcos era</a> (1965–1986)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_armed_conflicts_in_the_Philippines" title="Communist armed conflicts in the Philippines">Communist rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)#Martial_law_(1972–1981)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)#The_Fourth_Republic_(1981–1986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Fourth Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1986%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Philippines (1986–present)">Contemporary period</a> (1986–present)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1986%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Philippines (1986–present)">Fifth Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">1997 Asian financial crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Philippine_campaign_against_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front">2000 campaign against the MILF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_EDSA_Revolution" title="Second EDSA Revolution">2nd People Power Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EDSA_III" title="EDSA III">EDSA III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakwood_mutiny" title="Oakwood mutiny">Oakwood mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">Philippine drug war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="Territorial disputes in the South China Sea">Territorial disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Marawi" title="Siege of Marawi">Siege of Marawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro">Bangsamoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">By topic</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-colonial_Philippines" title="Religion in pre-colonial Philippines">Ancient religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_state_leaders_in_the_Philippines" title="List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Philippine_consorts" title="List of ancient Philippine consorts">Queen consorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" title="Administrative divisions of the Philippines">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergence_of_agriculture_in_the_Philippines" title="Emergence of agriculture in the Philippines">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_the_Philippines" title="Archaeology of the Philippines">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Philippines#History" title="Telecommunications in the Philippines">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_the_Philippines" title="List of conflicts in the Philippines">Conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_achievements_of_pre-colonial_Philippines" title="Cultural achievements of pre-colonial Philippines">Cultural achievements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Filipino_diet_and_health" title="Ancient Filipino diet and health">Diet and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines#History" title="Education in the Philippines">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Economic history of the Philippines">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Philippines" title="Geography of the Philippines">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_Philippines" title="Historiography of the Philippines">Historiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Philippines" title="Languages of the Philippines">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_medicine_in_the_Philippines" title="History of medicine in the Philippines">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Military history of the Philippines">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_name" title="Filipino name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Political history of the Philippines">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_Philippines" title="Science and technology in the Philippines">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Philippines" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Philippines">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philippines" title="Portal:Philippines">Philippines portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:History of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:History of the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Republic of Negros</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>: <i lang="hil">Republika sang Negros</i>; <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>: <i lang="ceb">Republika sa Negros</i>; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">República de Negros</i>) was a short-lived <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_government_in_the_Philippines" title="Revolutionary government in the Philippines">revolutionary entity</a> which had existed on the <a href="/wiki/Negros_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Negros Island">island of Negros</a> first as a <a href="/wiki/Canton_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton (country subdivision)">canton</a> of the <a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a> and later as a <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-funtecha2008_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-funtecha2008-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nomenclature">Nomenclature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Negros&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nomenclature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The entity had gone by multiple names throughout its short existence: the <b>Negros Canton</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>: <i lang="hil">Kanton sg Negros</i>; <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>: <i lang="ceb">Kanton sa Negros</i>; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Cantón de Negros</i>) of the <a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-aguilar2000_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aguilar2000-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <b>Federal Republic of Negros</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>: <i lang="hil">Republikang Federal sg Negros</i>; <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>: <i lang="ceb">Republikang Federal sa Negros</i>; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">República Federal de Negros</i>) or <b>Federal State of Negros</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>: <i lang="hil">Estadong Federal sg Negros</i>; <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>: <i lang="ceb">Estadong Federal sa Negros</i>; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Estado Federal de Negros</i>) under U.S. <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rodríguez1986_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rodríguez1986-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gonzaga1990_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gonzaga1990-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Zaide" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorio Zaide">Gregorio Zaide</a>, the protectorate had been annexed to the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1898%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Philippines (1898–1946)">Philippine Islands</a> as simply the Republic of Negros.<sup id="cite_ref-zaide1970_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zaide1970-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Negros&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Negros_Revolution" title="Negros Revolution">Negros Revolution</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Negrense_revolution_banner.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Negrense_revolution_banner.svg/220px-Negrense_revolution_banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Negrense_revolution_banner.svg/330px-Negrense_revolution_banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Negrense_revolution_banner.svg/440px-Negrense_revolution_banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="532" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>Official flag of the Negros Revolution until 1898. The flag was changed when the <a href="/wiki/Negros_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Negros Republic">Negros Republic</a> was established (1898–1901)</figcaption></figure> <p>From November 3 to 6, 1898, the <a href="/wiki/Negrenses" title="Negrenses">Negrenses</a> rose in revolt against the Imperial Spanish authorities headed by the politico-military governor, Colonel Isidro de Castro. The Spaniards decided to surrender upon seeing armed troops marching in a pincer movement towards <a href="/wiki/Bac%C3%B3lod" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacólod">Bacólod</a>, the main city of the island. The revolutionaries, led by Generals <a href="/wiki/Juan_Araneta" title="Juan Araneta">Juan Araneta</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Bago,_Negros_Occidental" title="Bago, Negros Occidental">Bago</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aniceto_Lacson" title="Aniceto Lacson">Aniceto Lacson</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Talisay,_Negros_Occidental" title="Talisay, Negros Occidental">Talisay</a>, were actually carrying fake arms consisting of <a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">rifles</a> carved out of palm fronds and <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">cannons</a> of rolled bamboo mats painted black. On 5 November, Spanish officials surrendered themselves to native leaders. A provisional government was then established with <a href="/wiki/Aniceto_Lacson" title="Aniceto Lacson">Aniceto Lacson</a> as President, and a notice of this was sent by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melecio_Severino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melecio Severino (page does not exist)">Melecio Severino</a> to <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a> on <a href="/wiki/Luz%C3%B3n" title="Luzón">Luzón</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-aguilar2000_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aguilar2000-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kalaw1921p148_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalaw1921p148-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 27, 1898, the unicameral Congress of Deputies (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Congreso de Diputados</i>) met in Bacólod and declared the establishment of the Republican <a href="/wiki/Canton_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton (country subdivision)">Canton</a> of Negros (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Cantón Republicano de Negros</i>). The Congress of Deputies acted as a <a href="/wiki/Constituent_assembly" title="Constituent assembly">constituent assembly</a> to draft a constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-aguilar2000_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aguilar2000-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Motivated by either economic interests or sheer <i><a href="/wiki/Realpolitik" title="Realpolitik">realpolitik</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-aguilar2000_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aguilar2000-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rodríguez1986_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rodríguez1986-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gonzaga1990_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gonzaga1990-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pacete2020_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pacete2020-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i><a href="/wiki/Hacendero" class="mw-redirect" title="Hacendero">hacendero</a></i>-led cantonal government surrendered to U.S. forces on March 4, 1899,<sup id="cite_ref-kalaw1921p148_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalaw1921p148-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pacete_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pacete-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> following the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1899)" title="Battle of Manila (1899)">outbreak of hostilities</a> between the nascent <a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a> and the <a href="/wiki/U.S._military_government_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. military government of the Philippines">U.S. military government</a> which had been established during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>, and came under U.S. <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protection</a> on April 30, 1899 as a territory separate from the Philippine Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-rodríguez1986_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rodríguez1986-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pacete_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pacete-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-silliman_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silliman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A constitution for a Federal Republic of Negros,<sup id="cite_ref-rodríguez1986_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rodríguez1986-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which proposed two governors, a U.S. military governor and a civil governor elected by the voters of Negros, was framed by a committee sitting in Bacólod and sent to <a href="/wiki/Elwell_Stephen_Otis" title="Elwell Stephen Otis">General Otis</a> in Manila and was proclaimed to take effect on October 2, 1899. The Negros government operated smoothly under this constitution until the province of <a href="/wiki/Occidental_Negros" class="mw-redirect" title="Occidental Negros">Occidental Negros</a> was established on April 20, 1901,<sup id="cite_ref-Diamonon1920pp22-25_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Diamonon1920pp22-25-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and annexed to the <a href="/wiki/Philippines#American_rule" title="Philippines">Philippine Islands</a> by the United States as the "Republic of Negros".<sup id="cite_ref-zaide1970_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zaide1970-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leaders">Leaders</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Negros&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The leaders of the short-lived republic were:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aniceto_Lacson" title="Aniceto Lacson">Aniceto Lacson</a><br /><small>(November 5, 1898 - November 27, 1898)</small><br /><small>November 5, 1898 - July 22, 1899</small></td> <td><br /><small>(President in Negros Occidental only until November 27, 1898)</small><br />President </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Demetrio_Larena" title="Demetrio Larena">Demetrio Larena</a><br /><small>(November 24, 1898 - November 27, 1898)</small><br /><small>November 5, 1898 - July 22, 1899</small></td> <td><br /><small>(President in Negros Oriental only)</small><br />Vice-President </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Luzuriaga" title="José de Luzuriaga">José de Luzuriaga</a><br /><small>July 22, 1899 - November 6, 1899</small></td> <td>President of the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Chamber of Deputies">Chamber of Deputies</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Eusebio Luzurriaga</td> <td>Secretary of the Treasury </td></tr> <tr> <td>Simeón Lizares</td> <td>Secretary of the Interior </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nicolás Gólez</td> <td>Secretary of Public Works </td></tr> <tr> <td>Agustín Amenábar</td> <td>Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Juan_Araneta" title="Juan Araneta">Juan Araneta</a></td> <td>Secretary of War </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Ledesma_Jayme" title="Antonio Ledesma Jayme">Antonio Ledesma Jayme</a><br /><small>July 24, 1854 - October 9, 1937</small></td> <td>Secretary of Justice </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melecio_Severino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melecio Severino (page does not exist)">Melecio Severino</a><br /><small>November 6, 1899 - April 30, 1901</small></td> <td>Governor-General of the Provinces </td></tr> </tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commemoration">Commemoration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Negros&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Commemoration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Republic_of_Negros_historical_marker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Republic_of_Negros_historical_marker.jpg/220px-Republic_of_Negros_historical_marker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Republic_of_Negros_historical_marker.jpg/330px-Republic_of_Negros_historical_marker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Republic_of_Negros_historical_marker.jpg/440px-Republic_of_Negros_historical_marker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1158" data-file-height="1778" /></a><figcaption>Historical marker commemorating the republic in Bago</figcaption></figure> <p>November 5, popularly referred to by the Negrenses as <i>Cinco de Noviembre</i>, has been officially observed since 1989 as a <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Philippines" title="Public holidays in the Philippines">special non-working holiday</a> in Negros Occidental.<sup id="cite_ref-5denoviembre_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5denoviembre-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The republic itself has been commemorated in a historical marker in the main <a href="/wiki/Plaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza">square</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bago,_Negros_Occidental" title="Bago, Negros Occidental">Bago</a>, on which is inscribed: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><b>REPÚBLICA DE NEGROS</b><br /> </p><p>In this plaza of Bago was proclaimed the República de Negros by the revolutionary forces led by general <a href="/wiki/Juan_Araneta" title="Juan Araneta">Juan Anacleto Araneta</a>, 5 November 1898. Witnessed by <a href="/wiki/Anan%C3%ADas_Diokno" title="Ananías Diokno">Ananías Diokno</a>, representative of the Central Revolutionary Government. This Republic acknowledged the authority of the <a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a> under <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a>. </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Negros&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-funtecha2008-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-funtecha2008_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenewstoday.info/2008/09/12/the.opposition.to.the.americans.and.the.canton.republic.of.negros.html">"The opposition to the Americans and the Canton Republic of Negros"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+opposition+to+the+Americans+and+the+Canton+Republic+of+Negros&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenewstoday.info%2F2008%2F09%2F12%2Fthe.opposition.to.the.americans.and.the.canton.republic.of.negros.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aguilar2000-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aguilar2000_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aguilar2000_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aguilar2000_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aguilar2000_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aguilar, F. V. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philippinestudies.net/ojs/index.php/ps/article/view/429/434">The Republic of Negros</a>. <i>Philippine Studies, 48</i>(1), 26–52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rodríguez1986-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rodríguez1986_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rodríguez1986_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rodríguez1986_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rodríguez1986_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rodríguez, C. A. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philippinestudies.net/ojs/index.php/ps/article/view/1214/3864">Don Diego de la Viña and the Philippine Revolution in Negros Oriental</a>. <i>Philippine Studies, 34</i>(1), 61–76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gonzaga1990-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gonzaga1990_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gonzaga1990_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gonzaga, V. L. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philippinestudies.net/ojs/index.php/ps/article/view/997/983">Negros in Transition: 1899–1905</a>. <i>Philippine Studies, 38</i>(1), 103–114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zaide1970-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zaide1970_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zaide1970_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZaide1970" class="citation book cs1">Zaide, Gregorio F. (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AdIjAAAAMAAJ"><i>Philippine Constitutional History and Constitutions of Modern Nations: With Full Texts of the Constitutions of the Philippines and Other Modern Nations</i></a>. Modern Book Co. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AdIjAAAAMAAJ&q=%22republic+of+negros%22+april+30+1901">34</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philippine+Constitutional+History+and+Constitutions+of+Modern+Nations%3A+With+Full+Texts+of+the+Constitutions+of+the+Philippines+and+Other+Modern+Nations&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Modern+Book+Co.&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Zaide&rft.aufirst=Gregorio+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAdIjAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kalaw1921p148-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kalaw1921p148_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kalaw1921p148_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKalaw1921">Kalaw 1921</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/afj2233.0001.001/168?page=root;rgn=full+text;size=100;view=image;q1=republic+of+negros">148</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pacete2020-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pacete2020_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1871064/Bacolod/Opinion/Pacete-The-story-behind-the-Paghimud-os-Monument">"Pacete: The story behind the Paghimud-os Monument"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/SunStar" title="SunStar">SunStar</a></i>. 22 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SunStar&rft.atitle=Pacete%3A+The+story+behind+the+Paghimud-os+Monument&rft.date=2020-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Farticle%2F1871064%2FBacolod%2FOpinion%2FPacete-The-story-behind-the-Paghimud-os-Monument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pacete-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pacete_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pacete_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Two-article series: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/107710/">"Pacete: The fate of the Federal Republic of Negros"</a>. <i>Sun-Star Philippines</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sun-Star+Philippines&rft.atitle=Pacete%3A+The+fate+of+the+Federal+Republic+of+Negros&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Farticle%2F107710%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/108127/">"Pacete: The fate of the Federal Republic of Negros 2"</a>. <i>Sun-Star Philippines</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sun-Star+Philippines&rft.atitle=Pacete%3A+The+fate+of+the+Federal+Republic+of+Negros+2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunstar.com.ph%2Farticle%2F108127%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-silliman-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-silliman_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.su.edu.ph/updates/leadership-reflections/830-negros-history">"Negros History"</a>. Silliman University. The Philippine Revolution.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Negros+History&rft.pages=The+Philippine+Revolution&rft.pub=Silliman+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.su.edu.ph%2Fupdates%2Fleadership-reflections%2F830-negros-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Diamonon1920pp22-25-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Diamonon1920pp22-25_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVictoriano_D._Diamonon1920" class="citation book cs1">Victoriano D. Diamonon (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vfY2AAAAYAAJ"><i>The Development of Self-government in The Philippine Islands</i></a>. University of Iowa. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/developmentself00diamgoog/page/n16">22-25</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Development+of+Self-government+in+The+Philippine+Islands&rft.pages=22-25&rft.pub=University+of+Iowa&rft.date=1920&rft.au=Victoriano+D.+Diamonon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvfY2AAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWorldStatesmen" class="citation web cs1">WorldStatesmen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Philippines.htm">"The Philippines"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Philippines&rft.au=WorldStatesmen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldstatesmen.org%2FPhilippines.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5denoviembre-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5denoviembre_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1989/02/10/republic-act-no-6709/">"Republic Act No. 6709 | GOVPH"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Republic+Act+No.+6709+%26%23124%3B+GOVPH&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.officialgazette.gov.ph%2F1989%2F02%2F10%2Frepublic-act-no-6709%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalaw1921" class="citation book cs1">Kalaw, Maximo Manguiat (1921). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0_62j7vjAqsC"><i>The Present Government of the Philippines</i></a>. Oriental commercial. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4067-4636-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-4067-4636-3"><bdi>1-4067-4636-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Present+Government+of+the+Philippines&rft.pub=Oriental+commercial&rft.date=1921&rft.isbn=1-4067-4636-3&rft.aulast=Kalaw&rft.aufirst=Maximo+Manguiat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0_62j7vjAqsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Negros" class="Z3988"></span><small>(Note: 1. The book cover incorrectly lists author as "Maximo M Lalaw", 2. Originally published in 1921 by The McCullough Printing Co., Manila)</small></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Republic_of_Negros&params=10_N_123_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°N</span> <span class="longitude">123°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10°N 123°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10; 123</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philippine_Revolution" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippine_Revolution" title="Template:Philippine Revolution"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philippine_Revolution" title="Template talk:Philippine Revolution"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine_Revolution" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine Revolution"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philippine_Revolution" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Philippine_Revolution" title="Template:Campaignbox Philippine Revolution">Battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_the_Philippine_Revolution" title="Category:People of the Philippine Revolution">People</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_revolts_against_Spain" title="Philippine revolts against Spain">Pre-revolutionary revolts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_Movement" title="Propaganda Movement">Propaganda Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmero_Conspiracy" title="Palmero Conspiracy">Palmero Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomburza" title="Gomburza">Gomburza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concurrent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Pugad_Lawin" title="Cry of Pugad Lawin">Cry of Pugad Lawin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonifacio_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonifacio Plan">Bonifacio Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic#Bonifacio" title="Tagalog Republic">Katagalugan (Bonifacio)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga_in_the_Philippine_Revolution" title="Pampanga in the Philippine Revolution">Kapampangan Counterrevolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imus_Assembly" title="Imus Assembly">Imus Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejeros_Convention" title="Tejeros Convention">Tejeros Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Republic of Biak-na-Bato">Republic of Biak-na-Bato</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1897_Philippine_Supreme_Council_elections" title="1897 Philippine Supreme Council elections">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pact_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Pact of Biak-na-Bato">Pact</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Junta" title="Hong Kong Junta">Hong Kong Junta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorial_Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Dictatorial Government of the Philippines">Dictatorial Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Philippines_(1898%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Government of the Philippines (1898–1899)">Revolutionary Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Philippine Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Revolution" title="Negros Revolution">Negros Revolution</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Republic of Negros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_State_of_the_Visayas" title="Federal State of the Visayas">Federal State of the Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Zamboanga" title="Republic of Zamboanga">Republic of Zamboanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Epilogue</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Treaty of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War" title="Philippine–American War">Philippine–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic#Sakay" title="Tagalog Republic">Katagalugan (Sakay)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Rebellion" title="Moro Rebellion">Moro Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Law_(Philippines)" title="Jones Law (Philippines)">Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Commonwealth of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Manila_(1946)" title="Treaty of Manila (1946)">Treaty of Manila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Anti-Imperialist_League" title="American Anti-Imperialist League">American Anti-Imperialist League</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Independent_Church" title="Philippine Independent Church">Iglesia Filipina Independiente</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katipunan" title="Katipunan">Katipunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Liga_Filipina" title="La Liga Filipina">La Liga Filipina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalo_(faction)" title="Magdalo (faction)">Magdalo faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdiwang_(faction)" title="Magdiwang (faction)">Magdiwang faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Constabulary" title="Philippine Constabulary">Philippine Constabulary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolutionary_Army" title="Philippine Revolutionary Army">Philippine Revolutionary Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulahan" title="Pulahan">Pulajanes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/El_filibusterismo" title="El filibusterismo">El filibusterismo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kartilya_ng_Katipunan" title="Kartilya ng Katipunan">Kartilya ng Katipunan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Constitution" title="Malolos Constitution">Malolos Constitution</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mi_%C3%BAltimo_adi%C3%B3s" title="Mi último adiós">Mi último adiós</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noli_Me_T%C3%A1ngere_(novel)" title="Noli Me Tángere (novel)">Noli Me Tángere</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pact_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Pact of Biak-na-Bato">Pact of Biak-na-Bato</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Solidaridad" title="La Solidaridad">La Solidaridad</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_the_Philippine_Revolution" title="Flags of the Philippine Revolution">Flags of the Philippine Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_the_Philippine_Flag" title="Evolution of the Philippine Flag">"Evolution of the Philippine Flag" set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Philippines" title="Flag of the Philippines">Flag of the Philippines</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lupang_Hinirang" title="Lupang Hinirang">Marcha nacional filipina</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spoliarium" title="Spoliarium">Spoliarium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Historical_and_present-day_states_in_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Former_and_present_states_in_the_Philippines" title="Template:Former and present states in the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Former_and_present_states_in_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:Former and present states in the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Former_and_present_states_in_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Former and present states in the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Historical_and_present-day_states_in_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Historical and present-day <a href="/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">states</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;width:50%;"><div> <dl><dt>Pre-16th century</dt> <dd>c. 1000 BC–200 AD: <a href="/wiki/Philippine_jade_culture" title="Philippine jade culture">Jade culture</a></dd> <dd>before 900–1589: <a href="/wiki/Tondo_(historical_polity)" title="Tondo (historical polity)">Tondo</a></dd> <dd>before 971–after 1339: <a href="/wiki/Ma-i" title="Ma-i">Ma-i</a></dd> <dd>before 989–1521: <a href="/wiki/Butuan_(historical_polity)" title="Butuan (historical polity)">Rajahnate of Butuan</a></dd> <dd>1175–1571: <a href="/wiki/Namayan" title="Namayan">Namayan</a></dd> <dd>before 1225–1576: <a href="/wiki/Caboloan" title="Caboloan">Caboloan</a></dd> <dd>c. 13th century–1457: <a href="/wiki/Lupah_Sug" title="Lupah Sug">Lupah Sug</a></dd> <dd>c. 13th century–1569: <a href="/wiki/Madja-as" title="Madja-as">Madja-as</a></dd> <dd>c. 1350–1905: <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Buayan" title="Sultanate of Buayan">Sultanate of Buayan</a></dd> <dd>c. 1400–1565: <a href="/wiki/Cebu_(historical_polity)" title="Cebu (historical polity)">Rajahnate of Cebu</a></dd> <dd>1457–1915: <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a></dd> <dd>c. 1500–1571: <a href="/wiki/Maynila_(historical_polity)" title="Maynila (historical polity)">Rajahnate of Maynila</a></dd> <dd>1515–1899: <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Maguindanao" title="Sultanate of Maguindanao">Sultanate of Maguindanao</a></dd> <dd>unknown–1593: <a href="/wiki/Dapitan_Kingdom" title="Dapitan Kingdom">Kedatuan of Dapitan</a></dd> <dd>unknown–1571: <a href="/wiki/Cainta_(historical_polity)" title="Cainta (historical polity)">Cainta</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>16th century</dt> <dd>1565–1898: <a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>17th century</dt> <dd>1616–1904: <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_Lanao" title="Confederate States of Lanao">Confederate States of Lanao</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>18th century</dt> <dd>1762–1764: <a href="/wiki/British_occupation_of_Manila" title="British occupation of Manila">British Manila</a></dd></dl> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;width:50%;"><div> <dl><dt>19th century</dt> <dd>1896–1897: <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic#Bonifacio" title="Tagalog Republic">Sovereign Tagalog Nation</a></dd> <dd>1897–1897: <a href="/wiki/Tejeros_Convention" title="Tejeros Convention">Tejeros Revolutionary Government</a></dd> <dd>1897–1897: <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Republic of Biak-na-Bato">Republic of Biak-na-Bato</a></dd> <dd>1898–1898: <a href="/wiki/Central_Executive_Committee_(Philippines)" title="Central Executive Committee (Philippines)">Central Executive Committee</a></dd> <dd>1898–1898: <a href="/wiki/Dictatorial_Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Dictatorial Government of the Philippines">Dictatorial Government of the Philippines</a></dd> <dd>1898–1899: <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Philippines_(1898%E2%80%931899)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Government of the Philippines (1898–1899)">Revolutionary Government of the Philippines</a></dd> <dd>1898–1901: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Republic of Negros</a></dd> <dd>1898–1899: <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_of_the_Visayas" title="Federal State of the Visayas">Federal State of the Visayas</a></dd> <dd>1899–1901: <a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a></dd> <dd>1899–1903: <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Zamboanga" title="Republic of Zamboanga">Republic of Zamboanga</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>1900–1945</dt> <dd>1898–1902: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands">United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands</a></dd> <dd>1902–1906: <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic#Sakay" title="Tagalog Republic">Tagalog Republic</a></dd> <dd>1902–1935: <a href="/wiki/Insular_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" title="Insular Government of the Philippine Islands">Insular Government of the Philippine Islands</a></dd> <dd>1935–1946: <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Commonwealth of the Philippines</a></dd> <dd>1943–1945: <a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Second Philippine Republic</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>1945–present</dt> <dd>1946–1981: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1946%E2%80%931965)" title="History of the Philippines (1946–1965)">Third Republic</a></dd> <dd>1981–1986: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)#The_Fourth_Republic_(1981–1986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Fourth Republic</a></dd> <dd>1986–present: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1986%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Philippines (1986–present)">Fifth Republic</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Harper%27s_Pictorial_History_of_the_War_with_Spain_Vol._II_Philippine_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Philippines from "Harper's Pictorial History of the War with Spain" Vol. II (1899)"><img alt="Map of the Philippines from "Harper's Pictorial History of the War with Spain" Vol. II (1899)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Harper%27s_Pictorial_History_of_the_War_with_Spain_Vol._II_Philippine_map.jpg/200px-Harper%27s_Pictorial_History_of_the_War_with_Spain_Vol._II_Philippine_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Harper%27s_Pictorial_History_of_the_War_with_Spain_Vol._II_Philippine_map.jpg/300px-Harper%27s_Pictorial_History_of_the_War_with_Spain_Vol._II_Philippine_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Harper%27s_Pictorial_History_of_the_War_with_Spain_Vol._II_Philippine_map.jpg/400px-Harper%27s_Pictorial_History_of_the_War_with_Spain_Vol._II_Philippine_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="4536" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Philippines from "Harper's Pictorial History of the War with Spain" Vol. II (1899)</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Former_countries_in_Philippine_history" title="Category:Former countries in Philippine history">Category:Former countries in Philippine history</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Negros&oldid=1253290675">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Negros&oldid=1253290675</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Philippine_Revolution" title="Category:Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a></li><li><a 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