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<span>Surviving example</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surviving_example-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chesapeake Bay sailboat type for oyster dredging</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the first model of the Austin-Healey Sprite affectionately known as the "Bugeye", see <a href="/wiki/Austin-Healey_Sprite#Mark_I" title="Austin-Healey Sprite">Austin-Healey Sprite § Mark I</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edna_Lockwood.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Edna_Lockwood.JPG/250px-Edna_Lockwood.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Edna_Lockwood.JPG/375px-Edna_Lockwood.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Edna_Lockwood.JPG/500px-Edna_Lockwood.JPG 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption><i>Edna Lockwood</i>, a surviving bugeye.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>bugeye</b> is a type of sailboat developed in the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a> for <a href="/wiki/Scallop_dredge" class="mw-redirect" title="Scallop dredge">oyster dredging</a>. The predecessor of the <a href="/wiki/Skipjack_(boat)" title="Skipjack (boat)">skipjack</a>, it was superseded by the latter as oyster harvests dropped. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between 1820 and 1865, the state of <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> banned the practice of dredging for oysters. In the latter year, the law was relaxed; the use of steam power remained banned, however, and remained entirely prohibited until 1965, in which year powered dredging was allowed two days of the week. As long as dredging for oysters in the Chesapeake was prohibited, oystermen working from log canoes tonged for oysters. In 1854 the Maryland legislature permitted the use of dredges in the waters of Somerset County, Maryland, expanding the use of dredges to the rest of the Bay following the Civil War. Opening the Chesapeake to oyster dredging after the Civil War created a need for larger, more powerful boats to haul dredges across the oyster beds. </p><p>The first vessels used were the existing sloops, <a href="/wiki/Pungy" title="Pungy">pungys</a> and <a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">schooners</a> on the Bay, but none of these types was well suited to the purpose; pungys and schooners were too deep in their draft to work the shallower waters of the Bay, the schooners and sloops had bulwarks too high to facilitate handling the dredges, the relatively complex rigs of all three types required uneconomically large crews of skilled sailors, and the vessels themselves were relatively expensive to build and maintain. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Log_canoe" title="Log canoe">log canoes</a> had none of these disadvantages, but were too small to successfully haul dredges. The result was the development during the 1870s and 1880s of the brogan, an enlarged log canoe. In <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> brogans, the open hull of the log canoe was decked, with hatches covering holds created by subdividing the hull with bulkheads. Brogans typically used the same sail plan as the log canoes of the Tilghman Island region, a leg-of-mutton (i.e., triangular) foresail, mainsail and jib, with the foremast taller than the main. Both masts raked rather sharply aft, with the mainmast raked significantly more sharply than the foremast.<sup>1</sup> </p><p>Brogans were still too small to effectively haul dredges, and continued to be enlarged and improved. By the early 1880s, or possibly even earlier, the first bugeyes were being built.<sup>2</sup> Over the next twenty years, the bugeye became the dominant type of vessel employed in oystering, but by 1893 construction of new bugeyes began to decline with the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Skipjack_(boat)" title="Skipjack (boat)">skipjack</a>, which was less expensive to build, operate and maintain yet was very well suited to dredging for oysters. No working bugeyes appear to have been built after 1918, but bugeyes continued to be employed in oystering and freighting until the middle of the Twentieth Century, albeit in ever-decreasing numbers.<sup>3</sup> </p><p>The origin of the name is obscure. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Place_marker_of_Solomon_Island,_Maryland.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Place_marker_of_Solomon_Island%2C_Maryland.JPG/220px-Place_marker_of_Solomon_Island%2C_Maryland.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Place_marker_of_Solomon_Island%2C_Maryland.JPG/330px-Place_marker_of_Solomon_Island%2C_Maryland.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Place_marker_of_Solomon_Island%2C_Maryland.JPG/440px-Place_marker_of_Solomon_Island%2C_Maryland.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Bugeye pictured on a visitors' wayfinding compass on <a href="/wiki/Solomons_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomons Island">Solomons Island</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Like the earlier brogan, the typical bugeye, designed by William Reeves who was originally from Nova Scotia, was two-masted, with triangular “leg-of-mutton” mainsail, foresail and <a href="/wiki/Jib" title="Jib">jib</a>. By modern standards, this rig would be described as a <a href="/wiki/Ketch" title="Ketch">ketch</a> rig, but it appears that watermen of the time referred to it as simply a leg-of-mutton or a bugeye rig. Unlike modern ketches, the forward-most mast was referred to as the foremast and the after mast was termed the mainmast, although like the brogan and log canoe, the mainmast was shorter than the foremast. As with the earlier brogans and the log canoes, the masts were sharply raked (tilted), although they were set up with stays and shrouds. Unlike the brogan, however, the mainmast was raked only slightly more sharply than the foremast.<sup>4</sup> A <a href="/wiki/Bowsprit" title="Bowsprit">bowsprit</a> with <a href="/wiki/Trailboard" title="Trailboard">trailboards</a> was inevitably used. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hull_(watercraft)" title="Hull (watercraft)">hull</a> was beamy (wide) and shallow, with no <a href="/wiki/Chine_(boating)" title="Chine (boating)">chine</a>. Initially it was chunked from logs, in the manner of the log canoe; eventually conventional framed construction was introduced as the supply of suitable trees was depleted. The usual form was double-ended, with a sharp stern, and most such boats had a heavy beam called the "duck tail" projecting a short distance from the stern in order to protect the rudder. To increase deck space a "patent stern" was installed after 1893; it consisted of a set of three beams: one across the duck tail, and two joining its ends to either side of the boat. The ostensible purpose, according to the patent in question, was to provide a mounting spot for <a href="/wiki/Davit" title="Davit">davits</a> for a <a href="/wiki/Dinghy" title="Dinghy">dinghy</a>; the whole area, however, could be planked over to provide a considerable increase in deck space. All log bugeyes were sharp-sterned, but some frame versions had round sterns; a very few had a square <a href="/wiki/Transom_(nautical)" title="Transom (nautical)">transom</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Freeboard_(nautical)" title="Freeboard (nautical)">freeboard</a> was invariably low, the better to lift the dredges onto the deck. </p><p>Due to the wide, flat bottom, a <a href="/wiki/Centerboard" class="mw-redirect" title="Centerboard">centerboard</a> was provided. Early boats used a <a href="/wiki/Tiller" title="Tiller">tiller</a> for steering, but as patent steering gear became available, the wheel came into use instead. </p><p>Besides the raked, paired masts, the other distinctive feature of the bugeye is the mounting of the bowsprit. This was mounted between paired hawsepieces (boards with a rope- or cable-hole) and knightheads, and terminated in a large vertical post called the "samson post", upon which the anchor windlass was also typically mounted. The hawsepieces projected above the deck and, with the prominent hawseholes, are thought possibly to be the origin of the name "bugeye". </p><p>In the center of the ship sat the <a href="/wiki/Windlass" title="Windlass">windlass</a> (generally called the "winder") for the dredge lines. Early winders were simple hand-cranked spools, eventually equipped with devices to prevent injuries when the dredge caught on an obstruction. As gas and diesel engines became available they replaced the hand-cranked winder. In either case a pair of rollers was mounted at the rail on either side, to protect the hull from rubbing and to reduce friction as the dredges were raised. </p><p>By and large there was very little development within the type, other than the minor improvements already listed. There was a small trend towards increasing size; bugeyes averaged around 55 feet (17 m) in length, but some later examples were well over 80 feet (24 m) long. Variations in the sail plan were tried, particularly with additional jibs, <a href="/wiki/Gaff_rig" title="Gaff rig">gaff rigging</a> and <a href="/wiki/Staysail" title="Staysail">staysails</a>. A few were built with a single mast, resulting in a boat with a superficial resemblance to the <a href="/wiki/Skipjack_(boat)" title="Skipjack (boat)">skipjack</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation">Operation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oystering was performed in the winter (the "R months" of September through April); in the summer the boats were used in light freight work where it was available. For oystering the boat would be taken out to the bed, and the dredge would be dropped as a pass was made at speed over the bed. At the end of the run the dredge would be lifted onto the deck and the live oysters separated from the dead shells and other debris. This process would be repeated until sufficient oysters were obtained. More enterprising captains would then sail the boat directly to the markets in Baltimore, Crisfield, and other towns where the oysters were bought at wholesale and processed. Alternatively, the catch could be sold to a buy boat, which acted as a middle man in the process. Some boats both dredged and acted as buy boats, in which case a bushel basket would be mounted on the fore mast to indicate the latter. </p><p>With its low freeboard, the bugeye was not generally considered to be an ocean-going vessel; some boats were however sailed to the West Indies in the off season for the tropical trade. One bugeye, the <i><a href="/wiki/Brown_Smith_Jones" title="Brown Smith Jones">Brown Smith Jones</a></i>, was built for the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Department_of_Natural_Resources_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Department of Natural Resources Police">Maryland Oyster Police</a>. It had the distinction of being commissioned in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, taking the name <i><a href="/wiki/USS_Dorchester_(SP-1509)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Dorchester (SP-1509)">USS Dorchester</a></i> in this service. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decline_of_the_type">Decline of the type</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Decline of the type"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Construction of bugeyes closely paralleled the oyster harvest, which peaked in 1884. As the catch declined, the <a href="/wiki/Skipjack_(boat)" title="Skipjack (boat)">skipjack</a> became more popular, as it was smaller and cheaper to build. Bugeye construction dropped to almost nothing shortly after the turn of the century. Many of the survivors gave up dredging and devoted themselves to the buy boat business, in which case the sails were no longer wanted. In a typical conversion the bowsprit and main mast were removed entirely, and the fore mast shortened and modified into a <a href="/wiki/Derrick" title="Derrick">derrick</a> for hoisting. A stern <a href="/wiki/Cabin_(ship)" title="Cabin (ship)">cabin</a> for the wheel and an engine for power completed the transformation. (The <i><a href="/wiki/William_B._Tennison_(Chesapeake_Bay_Bugeye)" class="mw-redirect" title="William B. Tennison (Chesapeake Bay Bugeye)">William B. Tennison</a></i> is a surviving example of such a conversion.)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of such conversions, and simple attrition, surviving bugeyes are extremely rare, and only one (the <i>Edna E. Lockwood</i>) survives in its original form.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plan was however taken up as a pleasure craft, and new versions for that purpose continue to be built. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edna_E._Lockwood_high.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Edna_E._Lockwood_high.jpg/300px-Edna_E._Lockwood_high.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Edna_E._Lockwood_high.jpg/450px-Edna_E._Lockwood_high.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Edna_E._Lockwood_high.jpg/600px-Edna_E._Lockwood_high.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption><i>Edna E. Lockwood</i> on display at the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surviving_example">Surviving example</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Surviving example"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the best examples of the type still in existence is the <i><a href="/wiki/Edna_E._Lockwood_(Chesapeake_Bay_Bugeye)" class="mw-redirect" title="Edna E. Lockwood (Chesapeake Bay Bugeye)">Edna E. Lockwood</a>,</i> which is on exhibit at the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_Maritime_Museum" title="Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum">Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michaels,_Maryland" title="Saint Michaels, Maryland">Saint Michaels, Maryland</a>. The <i>Lockwood</i> is a nine log bugeye launched on October 5, 1889 at <a href="/wiki/Tilghman_Island,_Maryland" title="Tilghman Island, Maryland">Tilghman Island, Maryland</a>, by John B. Harrison for Daniel Haddaway, at a cost of $2,200. She worked for at least seven sets of owners from 1899 until 1967, and was then sailed as a yacht until donated to the museum in 1973. The museum undertook an extensive restoration of the <i>Lockwood</i> from 1975 through 1979, which restored the bugeye to its 1910 appearance with the "patent stern" that had been added sometime prior to that year. She is the last bugeye retaining the sailing rig and working appearance of the type, and is a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a>. Her length is 53 ft-6 in, with a 15 ft-3 in beam and a 2 ft-7 in draft with the centerboard up, and a maximum sail area of approximately 1,700 square feet (160 m<sup>2</sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">novelette</a> "Angelfish", <a href="/wiki/Lester_Dent" title="Lester Dent">Lester Dent</a> described the fictional <i>Sail</i> in great detail: "The bugeye <i>Sail</i> was a Chesapeake Bay five-log, thirty-four-feet waterline. She looked to have been built last week, she was sixty-eight years old. Her beam was twelve feet, she drew two feet with the centerboard up."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Sail</i> is one of the principal characters described, second only to her owner, named Oscar Sail. Dent owned a bugeye, <i>Albatross</i>, in the mid-1930s, which he used in the Caribbean to look for treasure. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_vessel" title="Fishing vessel">Fishing vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_ship" title="Sailing ship">Sailing ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomons_Island,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomons Island, Maryland">Solomons Island, Maryland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>M.V. Brewington, <i>Chesapeake Bay Bugeyes</i> (Newport News, VA: The Mariners' Museum, 1941), p. 4-8; Howard I. Chapelle, <i>American Small Sailing Craft: Their Design, Development, and Construction</i> (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1951), p. 291-294; and Charles H. Kepner, <i>The Edna E. Lockwood</i> (St. Michaels, MD: Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, 1979), p. 2-3.</li> <li>Brewington, p. 8-9.</li> <li>Brewington, p. 71-72; and Howard I. Chapelle, <i>Notes on Chesapeake Bay Skipjacks</i> (St. Michaels, MD: Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum), Introduction.</li> <li>Brewington, p. 4-8, 48-49.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kepner, Charles H. <i>The Edna E. Lockwood</i> (St. Michaels, MD: Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, 1979)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brewington, M.V. <i>Chesapeake Bay Bugeyes</i> (Newport News, VA: The Mariners' Museum, 1941)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.mht.maryland.gov/nr/NRDetail.aspx?NRID=613">National Landmark Designation</a> from the Maryland Historic Trust website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cr.nps.gov/maritime/nhl/edna.htm">National Historic Landmark Study</a> from the US National Park Service website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Lester_Dent" title="Lester Dent">Lester Dent</a> (1936), <i>Angelfish</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Black_Mask_(magazine)" title="Black Mask (magazine)">Black Mask</a></i>, December 1936, in Herbert Ruhm (1977), ed., <i>The Hard Boiled Detective: Stories from "Black Mask" Magazine (1920–1951)</i>, New York: Vintage, p. 171, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-72156-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-72156-X">0-394-72156-X</a> .</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bugeye&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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Lockwood National Historic Landmark Nomination</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928213042/http://www.sailmainebugeye.com/newsite/about.html">The Bugeye ...</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070711143449/http://www.calvertmarinemuseum.com/wm_b_tennison.htm">The Bugeye, Wm. B. 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fishing_vessel_topics" title="Template:Fishing vessel topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fishing_vessel_topics" title="Template talk:Fishing vessel topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fishing_vessel_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fishing vessel topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fishing_vessels" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_vessel" title="Fishing vessel">Fishing vessels</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_vessel#Commercial_vessels" title="Fishing vessel">Commercial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_vessel#Commercial_vessels" title="Fishing vessel">Commercial fishing boats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drifter_(fishing_boat)" title="Drifter (fishing boat)">Drifters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factory_ship" title="Factory ship">Factory ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_fleet" title="Fishing fleet">Fishing fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longline_fishing" title="Longline fishing">Longliners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_vessel" title="Research vessel">Research vessels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seine_fishing" title="Seine fishing">Seiners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_trawler" title="Fishing trawler">Trawlers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaler" title="Whaler">Whalers</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jangada-Tibau.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jangada"><img alt="Jangada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Jangada-Tibau.jpg/160px-Jangada-Tibau.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Jangada-Tibau.jpg/240px-Jangada-Tibau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Jangada-Tibau.jpg/320px-Jangada-Tibau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_fishing_boat" title="Traditional fishing boat">Traditional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_fishing_boat" title="Traditional fishing boat">Traditional fishing boats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armadahan" title="Armadahan">Armadahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awang_(boat)" title="Awang (boat)">Awang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagan_(fishing)" title="Bagan (fishing)">Bagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bago_(boat)" title="Bago (boat)">Bago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_(boat)" title="Bangka (boat)">Bangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basnigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Basnigan">Basnigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bawley" title="Bawley">Bawley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigiw" title="Bigiw">Bigiw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bokkura" title="Bokkura">Bokkura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brixham_trawler" title="Brixham trawler">Brixham trawler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%AFque" title="Caïque">Caïque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camakau" title="Camakau">Camakau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Islander" title="Cape Islander">Cape Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasse-mar%C3%A9e#Chasse-marée—boat" title="Chasse-marée">Chasse-marée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhot" title="Chhot">Chhot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coble" title="Coble">Coble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coracle" title="Coracle">Coracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couta" title="Couta">Couta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currach" title="Currach">Currach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhoni_(fishing_vessel)" title="Dhoni (fishing vessel)">Dhoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogger_(boat)" title="Dogger (boat)">Dogger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_canoe" title="Dugout canoe">Dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falku%C5%A1a" title="Falkuša">Falkuša</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felucca" title="Felucca">Felucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Femb%C3%B8ring" title="Fembøring">Fembøring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferilla" title="Ferilla">Ferilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifie" title="Fifie">Fifie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frejgatina" title="Frejgatina">Frejgatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendship_Sloop" title="Friendship Sloop">Friendship sloop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gableboat" title="Gableboat">Gableboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galway_hooker" title="Galway hooker">Galway hooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herring_buss" title="Herring buss">Herring buss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipanitika" title="Ipanitika">Ipanitika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jongkong" title="Jongkong">Jongkong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangada" title="Jangada">Jangada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">Jukung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkun" title="Junkun">Junkun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajjik" title="Kajjik">Kajjik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaep" title="Kaep">Kaep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakap_(boat)" title="Kakap (boat)">Kakap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolae_boat" title="Kolae boat">Kolae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korkor_(boat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Korkor (boat)">Korkor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulibo" title="Kulibo">Kulibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakana" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakana">Lakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepa_(ship)" title="Lepa (ship)">Lepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepa-lepa_(dugout_canoe)" title="Lepa-lepa (dugout canoe)">Lepa-lepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lis-alis" title="Lis-alis">Lis-alis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londe" title="Londe">Londe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugger" title="Lugger">Lugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luzzu" title="Luzzu">Luzzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackinaw_boat" title="Mackinaw boat">Mackinaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayang_(boat)" title="Mayang (boat)">Mayang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_clipper" title="Monterey clipper">Monterey clipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobby_(boat)" title="Nobby (boat)">Nobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordland_(boat)" title="Nordland (boat)">Nordland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontang" title="Ontang">Ontang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orembai" title="Orembai">Orembai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owong" title="Owong">Owong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paduwang" title="Paduwang">Paduwang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajala_(boat)" title="Pajala (boat)">Pajala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panineman" title="Panineman">Panineman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopao_(canoe)" title="Paopao (canoe)">Paopao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">Paraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patorani" title="Patorani">Patorani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelang" title="Pelang">Pelang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perahu_payang" title="Perahu payang">Perahu payang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_boat" title="Peter boat">Peter boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirogue" title="Pirogue">Pirogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poveiro_(boat)" title="Poveiro (boat)">Poveiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_boat" title="Pump boat">Pump boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_boat" title="Reed boat">Reed boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandeq" title="Sandeq">Sandeq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salambaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Salambaw">Salambaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampan" title="Sampan">Sampan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sgoth" title="Sgoth">Sgoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shad_boat" title="Shad boat">Shad boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixareen" title="Sixareen">Sixareen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smack_(ship)" title="Smack (ship)">Smack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneakbox" title="Sneakbox">Sneakbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takia_(watercraft)" title="Takia (watercraft)">Takia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatara_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatara (ship)">Tatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tataya" title="Tataya">Tataya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%27a" title="Va'a">Va'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinta" title="Vinta">Vinta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voadeira" title="Voadeira">Voadeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_(canoe)" title="Waka (canoe)">Waka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_smack" title="Well smack">Well smack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipnol" class="mw-redirect" title="Tipnol">Tipnol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yawl" title="Yawl">Yawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoal" title="Yoal">Yoal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dory_(boat)" title="Dory (boat)">Dories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banks_dory" title="Banks dory">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Ann_dory" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Ann dory">Cape Ann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester_dory" title="Gloucester dory">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKenzie_River_dory" title="McKenzie River dory">McKenzie River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swampscott_dory" title="Swampscott dory">Swampscott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oyster boats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bugeye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_buy-boat" title="Oyster buy-boat">Buy-boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_deadrise" title="Chesapeake Bay deadrise">Deadrise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_canoe" title="Log canoe">Log canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pungy" title="Pungy">Pungy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_schooners" class="mw-redirect" title="Oyster schooners">Schooners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharpie_(boat)" title="Sharpie (boat)">Sharpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skipjack_(boat)" title="Skipjack (boat)">Skipjack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Recreational_boat_fishing" title="Recreational boat fishing">Recreational</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bass_boat" title="Bass boat">Bass boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farley_Boats" title="Farley Boats">Farley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_boat_builders" title="List of boat builders">Builders and designers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Bolger" title="Phil Bolger">Philip C. Bolger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fishing_vessels" title="Category:Fishing vessels">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fisheries_and_fishing_topic_areas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fisheries_and_fishing" title="Template:Fisheries and fishing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fisheries_and_fishing" title="Template talk:Fisheries and fishing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fisheries_and_fishing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fisheries and fishing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fisheries_and_fishing_topic_areas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fishery" title="Fishery">Fisheries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a> topic areas</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishery" title="Fishery">Fisheries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">Aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversity_of_fish" title="Diversity of fish">Diversity of fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_diseases_and_parasites" title="Fish diseases and parasites">Fish diseases and parasites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_farming" title="Fish farming">Fish farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisheries_management" title="Fisheries management">Fisheries management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisheries_science" title="Fisheries science">Fisheries science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individual_fishing_quota" title="Individual fishing quota">Individual fishing quota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal,_unreported_and_unregulated_fishing" title="Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing">Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_fishery" title="Sustainable fishery">Sustainable fishery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overfishing" title="Overfishing">Overfishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_fisheries" title="Wild fisheries">Wild fisheries</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg/140px-Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg/210px-Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg/280px-Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1736" data-file-height="1172" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">Fishing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artisanal_fishing" title="Artisanal fishing">Artisanal fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisherman" title="Fisherman">Fisherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_vessel" title="Fishing vessel">Fishing vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_fishing" title="History of fishing">History of fishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry" title="Fishing industry">Industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_harvested_aquatic_animals_by_weight" class="mw-redirect" title="List of harvested aquatic animals by weight">List of harvested aquatic animals by weight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_by_country" title="Fishing industry by country">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">Commercial fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_marketing" title="Fish marketing">Marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_market" title="Fish market">Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">Processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_products" title="Fish products">Products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">Seafood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">Recreation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">Angling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big-game_fishing" title="Big-game fishing">Big-game fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_and_release" title="Catch and release">Catch and release</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_tournament" title="Fishing tournament">Fishing tournaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_fishing" title="Fly fishing">Fly fishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_techniques" title="Fishing techniques">Techniques</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fish_trap" title="Fish trap">Fish trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishfinder" title="Fishfinder">Fishfinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_net" title="Fishing net">Fishing net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gathering_seafood_by_hand" class="mw-redirect" title="Gathering seafood by hand">Gathering seafood by hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handline_fishing" title="Handline fishing">Handline fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spearfishing" title="Spearfishing">Spearfishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trawling" title="Trawling">Trawling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trolling_(fishing)" title="Trolling (fishing)">Trolling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_tackle" title="Fishing tackle">Tackle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_fly" title="Artificial fly">Artificial flies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_bait" title="Fishing bait">Bait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bite_indicator" title="Bite indicator">Bite indicators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_hook" title="Fish hook">Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_line" title="Fishing line">Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_lure" title="Fishing lure">Lures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_rod" title="Fishing rod">Rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_sinker" title="Fishing sinker">Sinker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fish_pond" title="Fish pond">Fish ponds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_bank_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocean bank (topography)">Fishing banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_village" title="Fishing village">Fishing villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_habitat" title="Marine habitat">Marine habitats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_fishery_terms" title="Glossary of fishery terms">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_fishing_articles" title="Index of fishing articles">Index</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_fishing" title="Outline of fishing">Outline</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Fishing" title="Category:Fishing">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oysters" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oysters" title="Template:Oysters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oysters" title="Template talk:Oysters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oysters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oysters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oysters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oyster" title="Oyster">Oysters</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">True</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_oyster" title="Portuguese oyster">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lopha_cristagalli" title="Lopha cristagalli">Cockscomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dredge_oyster" title="Dredge oyster">Dredge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_oyster" title="Eastern oyster">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrea_edulis" title="Ostrea edulis">European flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dendostrea_frons" title="Dendostrea frons">Frond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrea_lurida" title="Ostrea lurida">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_oyster" title="Pacific oyster">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_oyster" title="Rock oyster">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saccostrea_glomerata" title="Saccostrea glomerata">Sydney rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrea_permollis" title="Ostrea permollis">Sponge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Placunidae" title="Placunidae">Windowpane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimyidae" title="Dimyidae">Dimydarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anomiidae" title="Anomiidae">Saddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pteriidae" title="Pteriidae">Feather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spondylus" title="Spondylus">Spiny</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tikod_amo" title="Tikod amo">Tikod amo</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_knife#Oyster" title="Kitchen knife">Oyster knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oystering_machinery" title="Oystering machinery">Oystering machinery</a></li> <li>Boats (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bugeye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_buy-boat" title="Oyster buy-boat">Buy-boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_dredge" title="Fishing dredge">Dredge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pungy" title="Pungy">Pungy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharpie_(boat)" title="Sharpie (boat)">Sharpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skipjack_(boat)" title="Skipjack (boat)">Skipjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_deadrise" title="Chesapeake Bay deadrise">Chesapeake Bay deadrise</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commerce</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_farming" title="Oyster farming">Oyster farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_pirate" title="Oyster pirate">Oyster pirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_Wars" title="Oyster Wars">Oyster Wars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cuisine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angels_on_horseback" title="Angels on horseback">Angels on horseback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangtown_fry" title="Hangtown fry">Hangtown fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_ice_cream" title="Oyster ice cream">Ice cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaki_furai" title="Kaki furai">Kaki furai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_omelette" title="Oyster omelette">Omelette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oysters_Bienville" title="Oysters Bienville">Oysters Bienville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oysters_en_brochette" title="Oysters en brochette">Oysters en brochette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oysters_Kirkpatrick" title="Oysters Kirkpatrick">Oysters Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oysters_Rockefeller" title="Oysters Rockefeller">Oysters Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickled_oysters" title="Pickled oysters">Pickled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_sauce" title="Oyster sauce">Sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steak_and_oyster_pie" title="Steak and oyster pie">Steak and oyster pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_stew" title="Oyster stew">Stew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_vermicelli" title="Oyster vermicelli">Vermicelli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Consider_the_Oyster" title="Consider the Oyster">Consider the Oyster</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Oyster:_History_on_the_Half_Shell" title="The Big Oyster: History on the Half Shell">The Big Oyster: History on the Half Shell</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Oyster_Dredger" title="The Oyster Dredger">The Oyster Dredger</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_bar" title="Oyster bar">Oyster bar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oyster_bars" title="List of oyster bars">List of oyster bars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_festival" title="Oyster festival">Oyster festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_Feast" title="Oyster Feast">Oyster Feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_cracker" title="Oyster cracker">Oyster cracker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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