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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lethe</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%8A" title="ليثي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليثي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Лета – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лета" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete" title="Lete – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lete" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riu_Leteu" title="Riu Leteu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Riu Leteu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9th%C3%A9" title="Léthé – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Léthé" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe_(Mythologie)" title="Lethe (Mythologie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lethe (Mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lethe" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B7_(%CE%BC%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Λήθη (μυθολογία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λήθη (μυθολογία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete" title="Lete – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lete" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leteo" title="Leteo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leteo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%87" title="لته – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لته" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9th%C3%A9" title="Léthé – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Léthé" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Lethes" title="Río Lethes – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Río Lethes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%ED%85%8C" title="레테 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레테" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%A1" title="Լեթա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեթա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Lethe" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leta_(rijeka)" title="Leta (rijeka) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Leta (rijeka)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lethe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete_(fiume_dell%27oblio)" title="Lete (fiume dell'oblio) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lete (fiume dell'oblio)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%94" title="לתה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לתה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lethe" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let%C4%97" title="Letė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Letė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9th%C3%A9" title="Léthé – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Léthé" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Лета – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лета" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3)" title="ლეთა (წყარმალუ) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლეთა (წყარმალუ)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%87" title="لته – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لته" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe_(mythologie)" title="Lethe (mythologie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lethe (mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC" title="レーテー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レーテー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lethe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete" title="Lete – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lete" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete" title="Lete – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lete" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Лета – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лета" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9th%C3%A9" title="Léthé – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Léthé" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Лета – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лета" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leta_(rijeka)" title="Leta (rijeka) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Leta (rijeka)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lethe" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lethe" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lethe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Лета – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лета" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E5%BF%98%E6%B2%B3" title="遺忘河 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="遺忘河" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161096#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">River of forgetfulness in the Greek underworld</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote 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class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:20em;border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:darkseagreen"><span style="color:white">Part of a series on the</span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:darkseagreen"><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Greek underworld</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#cef2e0"> Residents</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left"> <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeacus" title="Aeacus">Aeacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(mythology)" title="Angelos (mythology)">Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arae" title="Arae">Arae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascalaphus_(son_of_Acheron)" title="Ascalaphus (son of Acheron)">Ascalaphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuthonymus" title="Ceuthonymus">Ceuthonymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charon" title="Charon">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynomos_(daemon)" title="Eurynomos (daemon)">Eurynomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluto_(mythology)" title="Pluto (mythology)">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadamanthus" title="Rhadamanthus">Rhadamanthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreus" title="Zagreus">Zagreus</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#cef2e0"> Geography</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left"> <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asphodel_Meadows" title="Asphodel Meadows">Asphodel<br />Meadows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocytus" title="Cocytus">Cocytus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunate_Isles" title="Fortunate Isles">Fortunate Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_dreams_(mythology)" title="Land of dreams (mythology)">Land of dreams</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegethon" title="Phlegethon">Phlegethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#cef2e0"> Prisoners</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left"> <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana%C3%AFdes" title="Danaïdes">Danaïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion">Ixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocnus" title="Ocnus">Ocnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmoneus" title="Salmoneus">Salmoneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus" title="Sisyphus">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalus" title="Tantalus">Tantalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titans_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titans (mythology)">Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tityos" title="Tityos">Tityus</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#cef2e0"> Visitors</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left"> <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_underworld" title="Template:Greek underworld"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_underworld" title="Template talk:Greek underworld"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_underworld" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek underworld"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, <b>Lethe</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a>: <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Λήθη</span></span> <i>Lḗthē</i>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="grc-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[lɛ̌ːtʰɛː]</a></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/Modern_Greek" title="Modern Greek">Modern Greek</a>:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="el-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[ˈliθi]</a></span>) was one of <a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld#Rivers" title="Greek underworld">the rivers of the underworld of Hades</a>. Also known as the <i>Amelēs potamos</i> (river of unmindfulness), the Lethe flowed around the cave of <a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a> and through the Underworld where all those who drank from it experienced complete forgetfulness. The river was often associated with <a href="/wiki/Lethe_(daughter_of_Eris)" title="Lethe (daughter of Eris)">Lethe</a>, the personification of forgetfulness and oblivion, who was the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a> (Strife). </p><p>In Classical Greek, the word <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Lethe" class="extiw" title="wikt:Lethe">lethe</a></i> (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B7#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:λήθη">λήθη</a>) literally means "forgetting", "forgetfulness".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infernal_river">Infernal river</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lethe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Infernal river"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lethe, the river of forgetfulness, is one of the five rivers of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Greek underworld</a>; the other four are <a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a> (the river of sorrow), <a href="/wiki/Cocytus" title="Cocytus">Cocytus</a> (the river of lamentation), <a href="/wiki/Phlegethon" title="Phlegethon">Phlegethon</a> (the river of fire) and <a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a> (the river that separates Earth and the Underworld). According to <a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a>, Lethe bordered <a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a>, the final resting place of the virtuous. <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> wrote that the river flowed through the cave of Hypnos, god of sleep, where its murmuring would induce drowsiness. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Shade_(mythology)" title="Shade (mythology)">shades of the dead</a> were required to drink the waters of the Lethe in order to forget their earthly life. In the <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> (VI.703-751), <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a> writes that it is only when the dead have had their memories erased by the Lethe that they may be <a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">reincarnated</a>. </p><p>The river Lethe was said to be located next to <a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a>'s palace in the underworld under a cypress tree. <a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a> would give some shades (the Greek term for ghosts or spirits) a password to tell Hades's servants which would allow them to drink instead from the <a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a> (the pool of memory), which was located under a poplar tree.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/G_1843-0724-3">Orphic inscription</a>, said to be dated from between the second and third century B.C., warns readers to avoid the Lethe and to seek the <a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a> instead. Drinkers of the Lethe's water would not be quenched of their thirst, often causing them to drink more than necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_in_religion_and_philosophy">Role in religion and philosophy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lethe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Role in religion and philosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some ancient Greeks believed that souls were made to drink from the river before being reincarnated, so that they would not remember their past lives. The <a href="/wiki/Myth_of_Er" title="Myth of Er">Myth of Er</a> in Book X of <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Republic_(Plato)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Republic (Plato)">Republic</a></i> tells of the dead arriving at a barren waste called the "plain of Lethe", through which the river <i>Ameles</i> ("careless") runs. "Of this they were all obliged to drink a certain quantity," Plato wrote, "and those who were not saved by wisdom drank more than was necessary; and each one as he drank forgot all things."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">mystery religions</a> taught the existence of another river, the <a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a>; those who drank from the Mnemosyne would remember everything and attain <a href="/wiki/Omniscience" title="Omniscience">omniscience</a>. Initiates were taught that they would receive a choice of rivers to drink from after death, and to drink from Mnemosyne instead of Lethe. </p><p>These two rivers are attested in several verse inscriptions on gold plates dating to the 4th century BC and onward, found at <a href="/wiki/Thurii" title="Thurii">Thurii</a> in Southern <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and elsewhere throughout the Greek world. There were rivers of Lethe and Mnemosyne at the oracular shrine of <a href="/wiki/Trophonius" title="Trophonius">Trophonius</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a>, from which worshippers would drink before making oracular consultations with the god. </p><p>More recently, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger" title="Martin Heidegger">Martin Heidegger</a> used "lēthē" to symbolize not only the "concealment of Being" or "forgetting of Being", but also the "concealment of concealment", which he saw as a major problem of modern philosophy. Examples are found in his books on <a href="/wiki/Nietzsche" class="mw-redirect" title="Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a> (Vol 1, p. 194) and on <a href="/wiki/Parmenides" title="Parmenides">Parmenides</a>. Philosophers since, such as <a href="/wiki/William_J._Richardson" title="William J. Richardson">William J. Richardson</a> have expanded on this school of thought.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The goddess Lethe has been compared to the goddess <a href="/wiki/Meng_Po" title="Meng Po">Meng Po</a> of Chinese Mythology, who would wait on the Bridge of Forgetfulness to serve dead souls soup which would erase their memories before they were reincarnated.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Real_rivers">Real rivers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lethe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Real rivers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rio_Lima_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Rio_Lima_2.JPG/220px-Rio_Lima_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Rio_Lima_2.JPG/330px-Rio_Lima_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Rio_Lima_2.JPG/440px-Rio_Lima_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Lima Bridge on Lima River in <a href="/wiki/Ponte_de_Lima" title="Ponte de Lima">Ponte de Lima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Amongst authors in antiquity,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the tiny <a href="/wiki/Lima_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Lima river">Lima river</a> between <a href="/wiki/Norte_Region,_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Norte Region, Portugal">Norte Region, Portugal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia, Spain</a>, was said to have the same properties of memory loss as the legendary Lethe River, being mistaken for it.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 138 BCE, the Roman general <a href="/wiki/Decimus_Junius_Brutus_Callaicus" title="Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus">Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus</a> sought to dispose of the myth, as it impeded his military campaigns in the area. He was said to have personally crossed the Lima,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then called his soldiers from the other side, one by one, by name.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The soldiers, astonished that their general remembered their names, crossed the river as well without fear. This act proved that the Lima was not as dangerous as the local myths described. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a>, Spain, the river <a href="/wiki/Guadalete" title="Guadalete">Guadalete</a> was originally named "Lethe" by local Greek and Phoenician colonists who, about to go to war, solved instead their differences by diplomacy and named the river Lethe to forever forget their former differences. When the Arabs conquered the region much later, their name for the river became Guadalete from the Arabic phrase <i>وادي لكة</i> (Wadi lakath) meaning "River of Forgetfulness". </p><p>In Alaska, a river which runs through the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_Ten_Thousand_Smokes" title="Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes">Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes</a> is called the <a href="/wiki/River_Lethe" title="River Lethe">River Lethe</a>. It is located within the <a href="/wiki/Katmai_National_Park_and_Preserve" title="Katmai National Park and Preserve">Katmai National Park and Preserve</a> in southwest Alaska. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References_in_literature">References in literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lethe&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References in literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/River_Lethe_in_popular_culture" title="River Lethe in popular culture">River Lethe in popular culture</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The-waters-of-lethe-by-the-plains-of-elysium-1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The-waters-of-lethe-by-the-plains-of-elysium-1880.jpg/330px-The-waters-of-lethe-by-the-plains-of-elysium-1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The-waters-of-lethe-by-the-plains-of-elysium-1880.jpg/495px-The-waters-of-lethe-by-the-plains-of-elysium-1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The-waters-of-lethe-by-the-plains-of-elysium-1880.jpg/660px-The-waters-of-lethe-by-the-plains-of-elysium-1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="394" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Roddam_Spencer_Stanhope" title="John Roddam Spencer Stanhope">John Roddam Spencer Stanhope</a>'s <i>The Waters of the Lethe by the Plains of Elysium.</i><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>In 29 BCE, <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a> wrote about Lethe in his didactic hexameter poem, the <i><a href="/wiki/Georgics" title="Georgics">Georgics</a></i>. Lethe is also referenced in Virgil's epic Latin poem, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i>, when the title protagonist travels to Lethe to meet the ghost of his father in Book VI of the poem.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>The souls that throng the flood<br /> Are those to whom, by fate, are other bodies ow'd:<br /> In Lethe's lake they long oblivion taste,<br /> Of future life secure, forgetful of the past.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <ul><li>Ovid includes a description of Lethe as a stream that puts people to sleep in his work <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> (8 AD)</li> <li>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Purgatorio" title="Purgatorio">Purgatorio</a></i>, the second <i>cantica</i> of <a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Divine_Comedy" title="Divine Comedy">Divine Comedy</a></i>, the Lethe is located in the <a href="/wiki/Purgatorio#The_Earthly_Paradise" title="Purgatorio">Earthly Paradise</a> atop the Mountain of Purgatory. The piece, written in the early 14th century, tells of Dante's immersion in the Lethe so that his memories are wiped of sin (<i>Purg</i>. XXXI). The Lethe is also mentioned in the <i><a href="/wiki/Inferno_(Dante)" title="Inferno (Dante)">Inferno</a></i>, the first part of the <i>Comedy</i>, as flowing down to Hell from Purgatory to be frozen in the ice around Satan, "the last lost vestiges of the sins of the saved"<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<i>Inf.</i> XXXIV.130). He then proceeds to sip from the waters of the river <a href="/wiki/Eunoe" title="Eunoe">Eunoe</a> so that the soul may enter heaven full of the strength of his or her life's good deeds.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> references Lethe's identity as the "river of forgetfulness" in a speech of the Ghost in Act 1 Scene 5 of <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i>: "and duller should thoust be than the fat weed / That roots itself in ease on Lethe wharf," written sometime between 1599 and 1601.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">John Milton's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Lost" title="Paradise Lost">Paradise Lost</a></i>, written in 1667, his first speech in Satan describes how "The associates and copartners of our loss, Lie thus astonished on <i>the oblivious pool</i>", referencing Lethe.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The English poet <a href="/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats">John Keats</a> references the river in poems "<a href="/wiki/Ode_to_a_Nightingale" title="Ode to a Nightingale">Ode to a Nightingale</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Ode_on_Melancholy" title="Ode on Melancholy">Ode on Melancholy</a>" written in 1819.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Faust,_Part_Two" title="Faust, Part Two">Faust, Part Two</a>, the titular character, Faust, is bathed "in the dew of Lethe" so that he would forget what happened in <a href="/wiki/Faust,_Part_One" title="Faust, Part One">Faust, Part One</a>. A remorseful Faust would not work well with the rest of Part 2. The forgetting powers of Lethe allowed him to forget the ending of the Gretchen drama and move on to the story of part 2.</li> <li>The French poet <a href="/wiki/Charles_Baudelaire" title="Charles Baudelaire">Charles Baudelaire</a> referred to the river in his poem "Spleen", published posthumously in 1869. The final line is "Où coule au lieu de sang l'eau verte du Léthé" which one translator renders as "... in whose veins flows the green water of Lethe ..." (the reference offers a few more English translations).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baudelaire also wrote a poem called "Lethe".</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lethe&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Bough_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Golden Bough (mythology)">The Golden Bough (mythology)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meng_Po" title="Meng Po">Meng Po</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lethe&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=lh/qh"><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">λήθη</span></span></a>. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Liddell" title="Henry Liddell">Liddell, Henry George</a>; <a href="/wiki/Robert_Scott_(philologist)" title="Robert Scott (philologist)">Scott, Robert</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/A_Greek%E2%80%93English_Lexicon" title="A Greek–English Lexicon">A Greek–English Lexicon</a></i> at the <a href="/wiki/Perseus_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Perseus Project">Perseus Project</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGraves2014" class="citation book cs1">Graves, Robert (2014). <i>Greek Gods and Heroes</i>. RosettaBooks. p. 16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Gods+and+Heroes&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=RosettaBooks&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Graves&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALethe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/republic.11.x.html">"The Internet Classics Archive - The Republic by Plato"</a>. <i>classics.mit.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=classics.mit.edu&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Classics+Archive+-+The+Republic+by+Plato&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclassics.mit.edu%2FPlato%2Frepublic.11.x.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALethe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBabich2013" class="citation book cs1">Babich, B.E. (2013). <i>From Phenomenology to Thought, Errancy, and Desire: Essays in Honor of William J. Richardson, S.J</i>. pp. 267–273.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Phenomenology+to+Thought%2C+Errancy%2C+and+Desire%3A+Essays+in+Honor+of+William+J.+Richardson%2C+S.J.&rft.pages=267-273&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Babich&rft.aufirst=B.E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALethe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murdock, Jacob M. <i>Lethe and the Twin Bodhisattvas of Forgiveness and Forgetfulness</i>. Pacifica Graduate Institute, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2017. 10258489.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thayer, Roman E. "Book III, Chapter 3". <i>Strabo Geography</i>. University of Chicago. Retrieved 12 October 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> iii. p. 153; <a href="/wiki/Mela" class="mw-redirect" title="Mela">Mela</a>, iii, 1; <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a> H.N. iv. 22 s. 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a>, Periochae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/sources/content/livy/livy-periochae-51-55/#55.10">55.10</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roddam Spencer Stanhope, John. "The Waters of the Lethe by the Plains of Elysium." <i>WikiArt,</i> 1880, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikiart.org/en/john-roddam-spencer-stanhope/the-waters-of-lethe-by-the-plains-of-elysium-1880">URL</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classics.mit.edu/Virgil/aeneid.6.vi.html">"The Internet Classics Archive - The Aeneid by Virgil"</a>. <i>classics.mit.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=classics.mit.edu&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Classics+Archive+-+The+Aeneid+by+Virgil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclassics.mit.edu%2FVirgil%2Faeneid.6.vi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALethe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Ciardi" title="John Ciardi">John Ciardi</a>, <i>Purgatorio</i>, notes on Canto XXVII, pg. 535</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">John Milton</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Lost" title="Paradise Lost">Paradise Lost</a></i>, Kastan Ed., Book 1, lines 265-270.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baudelaire, Charles. "Spleen." <i>Charles Baudelaire's</i> <i>Fleurs De Mal / Flowers of Evil,</i> Fleurs de Mal. 1869. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://fleursdumal.org/poem/160">https://fleursdumal.org/poem/160</a> Accessed June 6th, 2021.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lethe&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Lethe" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Lethe">Lethe</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Lethe" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Lethe">Lethe</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Caldwell, Richard, <i>Hesiod's Theogony</i>, Focus Publishing/R. Pullins Company (June 1, 1987). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-941051-00-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-941051-00-2">978-0-941051-00-2</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Gaius Julius Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus</i> translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206">Online version at the Topos Text Project.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i>Theogony</i> from <i>The Homeric Hymns and Homerica</i> with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, MA.,Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0129">Greek text available from the same website</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Publius Papinius Statius</a><i>, The Achilleid</i> translated by Mozley, J H. Loeb Classical Library Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/StatiusAchilleid1A.html">Online version at the theoi.com</a></li> <li>Publius Papinius Statius, <i>The Achilleid. Vol. II</i>. John Henry Mozley. London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1928. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0500">Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <i>The Geography of Strabo.</i> Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0198%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Strabo, <i>Geographica</i> edited by A. Meineke. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0197">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lethe&oldid=1250030173">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lethe&oldid=1250030173</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_the_Greek_underworld" title="Category:Rivers of the Greek underworld">Rivers of the Greek underworld</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_underworld" title="Category:Greek underworld">Greek underworld</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Divine_Comedy" title="Category:Divine Comedy">Divine Comedy</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ancient_Greek_(to_1453)-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text">Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Ancient_Greek_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Ancient Greek IPA">Pages with Ancient Greek IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Greek_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Greek IPA">Pages with Greek IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 October 2024, at 02:54<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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