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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input 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type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirifoy" title="Pirifoy – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pirifoy" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Пиритой – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пиритой" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pir%C3%ADtous" title="Pirítous – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pirítous" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirithoos" title="Peirithoos – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Peirithoos" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirituu" title="Pirituu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Pirituu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirithoos" title="Peirithoos – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Peirithoos" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirithoos" title="Peirithoos – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Peirithoos" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82" title="Πειρίθους – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πειρίθους" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pir%C3%ADtoo" title="Pirítoo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pirítoo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piritoo" title="Piritoo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Piritoo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piritoo" title="Piritoo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Piritoo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3" title="پیریتوس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیریتوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirithoos" title="Pirithoos – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pirithoos" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pir%C3%ADtoo" title="Pirítoo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pirítoo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B4%EB%A6%AC%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4" title="페이리토스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페이리토스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirithos" title="Peirithos – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Peirithos" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piritoo" title="Piritoo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Piritoo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94" title="პეირითოე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პეირითოე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pirithous" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piritojus" title="Piritojus – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Piritojus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirithoosz" title="Peirithoosz – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Peirithoosz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Пиритој – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пиритој" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ပိုင်ရစ်သိုးယပ်စ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပိုင်ရစ်သိုးယပ်စ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piritho%C3%BCs" title="Pirithoüs – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pirithoüs" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AA%E3%83%88%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B9" title="ペイリトオス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペイリトオス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pejritoos" title="Pejritoos – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pejritoos" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pir%C3%ADtoo" title="Pirítoo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pirítoo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Пирифой – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пирифой" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirithoos" title="Peirithoos – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Peirithoos" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Пиритој – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пиритој" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piritoj" title="Piritoj – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Piritoj" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirithoos" title="Peirithoos – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Peirithoos" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perithous" title="Perithous – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Perithous" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirithoos" title="Peirithoos – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Peirithoos" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%80%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Пейрітой – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пейрітой" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%91%9E%E8%8B%8F%E6%96%AF" title="皮瑞苏斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="皮瑞苏斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Perithous" redirects here. For the genus of insects, see <a href="/wiki/Perithous_(wasp)" title="Perithous (wasp)">Perithous (wasp)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_(VII_2_16)_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg/260px-Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg/390px-Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg/520px-Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3497" data-file-height="4034" /></a><figcaption>Pirithous and <a href="/wiki/Hippodamia_(wife_of_Pirithous)" title="Hippodamia (wife of Pirithous)">Hippodamia</a> receiving the centaurs at his wedding. Antique fresco from Pompeii.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_brenndamour_joseph_echteler_pirtithous_kampf_um_helena-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Richard_brenndamour_joseph_echteler_pirtithous_kampf_um_helena-1.jpg/250px-Richard_brenndamour_joseph_echteler_pirtithous_kampf_um_helena-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Richard_brenndamour_joseph_echteler_pirtithous_kampf_um_helena-1.jpg/330px-Richard_brenndamour_joseph_echteler_pirtithous_kampf_um_helena-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Richard_brenndamour_joseph_echteler_pirtithous_kampf_um_helena-1.jpg/500px-Richard_brenndamour_joseph_echteler_pirtithous_kampf_um_helena-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2035" data-file-height="2821" /></a><figcaption>"Pirithous' Kampf um Helena" by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Echteler" title="Joseph Echteler">Joseph Echteler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Brend%27amour" title="Richard Brend'amour">Richard Brend'amour</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Pirithous</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="/./: syllable break">.</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Πειρίθοος</span> or <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Πειρίθους</span></span>, derived from <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">περιθεῖν</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">perithein</i></span>, 'to run around'<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This looks like a folk etymology (December 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>; also <a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">transliterated</a> as <b>Perithous</b>), in <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, was the King of the <a href="/wiki/Lapiths" title="Lapiths">Lapiths</a> of <a href="/wiki/Larissa" title="Larissa">Larissa</a> in <a href="/wiki/Thessaly" title="Thessaly">Thessaly</a>, as well as best friend to <a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirithous&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pirithous was a son of "heavenly" <a href="/wiki/Dia_(mythology)" title="Dia (mythology)">Dia</a>, fathered either by <a href="/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion">Ixion</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or by <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He married <a href="/wiki/Hippodamia_(wife_of_Pirithous)" title="Hippodamia (wife of Pirithous)">Hippodamia</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Atrax_(mythology)" title="Atrax (mythology)">Atrax</a> or <a href="/wiki/Butes" title="Butes">Butes</a>, at whose wedding the famous <a href="/wiki/Centauromachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Centauromachy">Battle of Lapiths and Centaurs</a> occurred. By his wife, he became the father of <a href="/wiki/Polypoetes" title="Polypoetes">Polypoetes</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> one of the Greek leaders during the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a>. Pirithous was also the close friend of the hero <a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirithous&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Homer, <a href="/wiki/Dia_(mythology)" title="Dia (mythology)">Dia</a> had sex with <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>, who was disguised as a stallion, and gave birth to Pirithous; a <a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">folk etymology</a> derived Pirithous' name from <i>peritheein</i> (<span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">περιθεῖν</span></span>, 'to run around'), because that was what Zeus did to seduce Dia. </p><p>His best friend was <a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a>. In the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> I, Nestor numbers Pirithous and Theseus "of heroic fame" among an earlier generation of heroes of his youth, "the strongest men that Earth has bred, the strongest men against the strongest enemies, a savage mountain-dwelling tribe whom they utterly destroyed." No trace of such an oral tradition, which Homer's listeners would have recognized in Nestor's allusion, survived in literary epic. </p><p>In disjointed episodes that have survived, Pirithous had heard rumors about Theseus' courage and strength in battle but he wanted proof. He rustled Theseus' herd of cattle from <a href="/wiki/Marathon,_Greece" title="Marathon, Greece">Marathon</a>, and Theseus set out to pursue him. Pirithous took up arms and the pair met, then became so impressed with each other's gracefulness, beauty and courage they took an oath of friendship.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were among the company of heroes that hunted the <a href="/wiki/Calydonian_Boar" class="mw-redirect" title="Calydonian Boar">Calydonian Boar</a>, another mythic theme that was already well known to Homer's listeners. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Centauromachy">Centauromachy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirithous&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Centauromachy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeus%27_temple_in_Olimpia,_frontone_west,_Apollo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Zeus%27_temple_in_Olimpia%2C_frontone_west%2C_Apollo.jpg/250px-Zeus%27_temple_in_Olimpia%2C_frontone_west%2C_Apollo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Zeus%27_temple_in_Olimpia%2C_frontone_west%2C_Apollo.jpg/330px-Zeus%27_temple_in_Olimpia%2C_frontone_west%2C_Apollo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Zeus%27_temple_in_Olimpia%2C_frontone_west%2C_Apollo.jpg/500px-Zeus%27_temple_in_Olimpia%2C_frontone_west%2C_Apollo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Pirithous next to Apollo from the west pediment of the temple of Zeus at <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a>, 460s BC.</figcaption></figure> <p>Later, Pirithous was set to marry <a href="/wiki/Hippodamia,_wife_of_Pirithous" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippodamia, wife of Pirithous">Hippodamia</a>, their offspring being <a href="/wiki/Polypoetes" title="Polypoetes">Polypoetes</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Centaurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Centaurs">centaurs</a> were guests at the party, but they got drunk and tried to abduct the women, including Hippodamia who was carried off by the intoxicated centaur <a href="/wiki/Eurytion" title="Eurytion">Eurytion</a> or <a href="/wiki/Eurytus" title="Eurytus">Eurytus</a>. The Lapiths won the ensuing battle, the <a href="/wiki/Centauromachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Centauromachy">Centauromachy</a>, a favorite motif of Greek art.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Perithoos_Hippodameia_BM_VaseF272.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Perithoos_Hippodameia_BM_VaseF272.jpg/250px-Perithoos_Hippodameia_BM_VaseF272.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Perithoos_Hippodameia_BM_VaseF272.jpg/330px-Perithoos_Hippodameia_BM_VaseF272.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Perithoos_Hippodameia_BM_VaseF272.jpg/500px-Perithoos_Hippodameia_BM_VaseF272.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2900" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Pirithous, Hippodamia (here labeled under the name <i>Laodameia</i>), a Centaur, and Theseus, on an <a href="/wiki/Apulian_vase_painting" title="Apulian vase painting">Apulian red-figure</a> <a href="/wiki/Krater#Calyx_krater" title="Krater">calyx-krater</a>, 350-340 BC.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Punishment_in_the_Underworld">Punishment in the Underworld</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirithous&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Punishment in the Underworld"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hippodamia died shortly after Polypoetes' birth, after which Pirithous went to visit Theseus at Athens only to discover that Theseus' own wife, <a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(mythology)" title="Phaedra (mythology)">Phaedra</a>, who, according to <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, felt left out by her husband's love for Pirithous,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was dead.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, Pirithous and Theseus pledged to marry daughters of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>; Theseus chose <a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen of Sparta</a> and together they kidnapped her when she was 10 years of age and decided to hold on to her until she was old enough to marry. Pirithous chose a more dangerous prize: <a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a> herself. Theseus objected, and tried to talk him out of it, as this act would be too blasphemous; but Pirithous insisted, and Theseus was bound by his oaths, so he agreed.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They left Helen with Theseus' mother, <a href="/wiki/Aethra_(mother_of_Theseus)" title="Aethra (mother of Theseus)">Aethra</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Afidnes" title="Afidnes">Aphidnae</a>, and traveled to the <a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">underworld</a>. When they stopped to rest, they found themselves unable to stand up from the rock as they saw the <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Furies</a> appear before them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rescue">Rescue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirithous&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rescue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> freed Theseus from the stone, but the earth shook when he attempted to free Pirithous.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had committed too great a crime for wanting the wife of one of the great gods as his own bride.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">scholium</a> on <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, in a lost play by <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, Hades had Pirithous fed to <a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a> for his impiety.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time Theseus returned to Athens, the <a href="/wiki/Dioscuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Dioscuri">Dioscuri</a> (Helen's twin brothers <a href="/wiki/Castor_and_Pollux" title="Castor and Pollux">Castor and Pollux</a>) had taken Helen back to <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>; they had taken captive Aethra as well as Pirithous' sister, Physadeia, and they became handmaidens of Helen and later followed her to Troy.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rescue of Theseus and Pirithous acquired a humorous tone in the realm of Attic comedy, in which Heracles attempted to free them from the rock to which they had been bound together in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Underworld" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Underworld">Underworld</a> (for having tried to carry off <a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a>). He succeeded in freeing only Theseus and left behind his buttocks attached to the rocks. Due to this Theseus came to be called hypolispos, meaning "with hinder parts rubbed smooth."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This may have been a later invention. </p><p>Pirithous was worshiped at Athens, along with Theseus, as a hero.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirithous&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Meyers_b5_s0785_b1.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Erinnye, den Peirithoos in der Unterwelt bindend (Vasenbild) (circa 1885)"><img alt="Erinnye, den Peirithoos in der Unterwelt bindend (Vasenbild) (circa 1885)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Meyers_b5_s0785_b1.png/73px-Meyers_b5_s0785_b1.png" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Meyers_b5_s0785_b1.png/110px-Meyers_b5_s0785_b1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Meyers_b5_s0785_b1.png/147px-Meyers_b5_s0785_b1.png 2x" data-file-width="259" data-file-height="422" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Erinnye, den Peirithoos in der Unterwelt bindend (Vasenbild) (circa 1885)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus_and_Pirithous_abducting_Elena,_Pelagio_Palagi_(1775-1860).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theseus and Pirithous abducting Elena by Pelagio Palagi (1814)"><img alt="Theseus and Pirithous abducting Elena by Pelagio Palagi (1814)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Theseus_and_Pirithous_abducting_Elena%2C_Pelagio_Palagi_%281775-1860%29.jpg/120px-Theseus_and_Pirithous_abducting_Elena%2C_Pelagio_Palagi_%281775-1860%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Theseus_and_Pirithous_abducting_Elena%2C_Pelagio_Palagi_%281775-1860%29.jpg/250px-Theseus_and_Pirithous_abducting_Elena%2C_Pelagio_Palagi_%281775-1860%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="722" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Theseus and Pirithous abducting Elena by Pelagio Palagi (1814)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fetching_Kerberos_Met_08.258.21.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Herakles, Theseus and Pirithoos in Hades, with Hermes. (Attic red-figure calyx-krater between circa 450 and circa 440 BC)"><img alt="Herakles, Theseus and Pirithoos in Hades, with Hermes. (Attic red-figure calyx-krater between circa 450 and circa 440 BC)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fetching_Kerberos_Met_08.258.21.jpg/120px-Fetching_Kerberos_Met_08.258.21.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fetching_Kerberos_Met_08.258.21.jpg/180px-Fetching_Kerberos_Met_08.258.21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fetching_Kerberos_Met_08.258.21.jpg/240px-Fetching_Kerberos_Met_08.258.21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1375" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Herakles, Theseus and Pirithoos in Hades, with Hermes. (Attic red-figure calyx-krater between circa 450 and circa 440 BC)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mongez_Theseus_and_Piritho%C3%BCs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theseus and Pirithoüs Clearing the Earth of Brigands, Deliver Two Women from the Hands of their Abductors by Angelique Mongez (1806)"><img alt="Theseus and Pirithoüs Clearing the Earth of Brigands, Deliver Two Women from the Hands of their Abductors by Angelique Mongez (1806)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Mongez_Theseus_and_Piritho%C3%BCs.jpg/120px-Mongez_Theseus_and_Piritho%C3%BCs.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Mongez_Theseus_and_Piritho%C3%BCs.jpg/180px-Mongez_Theseus_and_Piritho%C3%BCs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Mongez_Theseus_and_Piritho%C3%BCs.jpg/240px-Mongez_Theseus_and_Piritho%C3%BCs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2655" data-file-height="2088" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Theseus and Pirithoüs Clearing the Earth of Brigands, Deliver Two Women from the Hands of their Abductors by Angelique Mongez (1806)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NAMA_Th%C3%A9s%C3%A9e_enl%C3%A8ve_H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theseus leading Helen to a chariot arranged by Peirithoos. Helen's sister, Phoibe (on the right), watches on. Attic red-figure stamnos by Polygnotos, ca. 430-420 BC."><img alt="Theseus leading Helen to a chariot arranged by Peirithoos. Helen's sister, Phoibe (on the right), watches on. Attic red-figure stamnos by Polygnotos, ca. 430-420 BC." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/NAMA_Th%C3%A9s%C3%A9e_enl%C3%A8ve_H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne.jpg/120px-NAMA_Th%C3%A9s%C3%A9e_enl%C3%A8ve_H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/NAMA_Th%C3%A9s%C3%A9e_enl%C3%A8ve_H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne.jpg/250px-NAMA_Th%C3%A9s%C3%A9e_enl%C3%A8ve_H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="958" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Theseus leading Helen to a chariot arranged by Peirithoos. Helen's sister, Phoibe (on the right), watches on. Attic red-figure stamnos by Polygnotos, ca. 430-420 BC.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirithous&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> 2.741, 14.17; <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <i>Bibliotheca</i> 1.8.2; <a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Thessalonica" title="Eustathius of Thessalonica">Eustathius</a> ad Homer, p. 101.1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Homer, <i>Iliad</i> 14.317; <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#155">155</a>; Grimal, s.v. Pirithous, p. 374.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Homer, <i>Iliad</i> 2.740 & 12.129</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/theseus.html">"PLUTARCH, THESEUS"</a>. <i>classics.mit.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=classics.mit.edu&rft.atitle=PLUTARCH%2C+THESEUS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclassics.mit.edu%2FPlutarch%2Ftheseus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APirithous" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Homer,<i> <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i> 11.630 & 21.296-304</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Homer, <i>Iliad</i> 1.263</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> 12.218 ff</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/OvidHeroides1.html#4">"OVID, HEROIDES IV - Theoi Classical Texts Library"</a>. <i>www.theoi.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theoi.com&rft.atitle=OVID%2C+HEROIDES+IV+-+Theoi+Classical+Texts+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theoi.com%2FText%2FOvidHeroides1.html%234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APirithous" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Heroides" title="Heroides">Heroides</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0085%3Apoem%3D4">4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_historica" title="Bibliotheca historica">Bibliotheca historica</a></i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html"><i>Book 4</i>, Ch. 63</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_historica" title="Bibliotheca historica">Historic Library</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#p17">4.63.4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pseudo-Apollodorus, <i>Bibliotheca</i> (Book 2, Ch. 5, sec. 12)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> (<i>Book 6</i>, ln. 393)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes</a> on <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Frogs" class="mw-redirect" title="Frogs">Frogs</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-dramatic_fragments/2008/pb_LCL506.637.xml">142a</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hyginus, <i>Fabulae</i> 79 & 92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Licht, Hans. <i>Sexual life in ancient Greece</i>. 1994, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282802/page/n263">p. 232</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Horace" title="Horace">Horace</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0025%3Abook%3D4%3Apoem%3D7"><i>Odes</i> (Book 4, ln. 7)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Graeciae Descriptio</i> (Book 1, Ch. 30, sect. 4; Book 10, Ch. 29, sect. 2)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> (<i>Book 8</i>, ln. 566)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Natural_History_(Pliny)" title="Natural History (Pliny)">Naturalis Historia</a></i> 36.4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pseudo-Apollodorus, <i>Bibliotheca</i> (Book 1, Ch. 8, sect. 2)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirithous&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <i>The Library of History</i> translated by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Henry_Oldfather" title="Charles Henry Oldfather">Charles Henry Oldfather</a>. Twelve volumes. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59–8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html">Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site</a></li> <li>Diodorus Siculus, <i>Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2</i>. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888–1890. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0540">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Gaius Julius Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus</i> translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206">Online version at the Topos Text Project.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad"><i>The Iliad</i></a> with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0134">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Homer, <i>Homeri Opera</i> in five volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1920. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0133">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey"><i>The Odyssey</i></a> with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0136">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0135">Greek text available from the same website</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Description of Greece</i> with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a></li> <li>Pausanias, <i>Graeciae Descriptio.</i> <i>3 vols</i>. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0159">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>, <i>The Natural History.</i> John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S. H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A. London. Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street. 1855. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0137">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Pliny the Elder, <i>Naturalis Historia.</i> Karl Friedrich Theodor Mayhoff. Lipsiae. Teubner. 1906. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0138">Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Pseudo-Apollodorus</a>, <i>The Library</i> with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021">Greek text available from the same website</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Publius Ovidius Naso</a>, <i>Metamorphoses</i> translated by Brookes More (1859–1942). Boston, Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0028">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Publius Ovidius Naso, <i>Metamorphoses.</i> Hugo Magnus. Gotha (Germany). Friedr. Andr. Perthes. 1892. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0029">Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Publius Vergilius Maro</a>, <i>Aeneid.</i> Theodore C. Williams. trans. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1910. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0054%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Publius Vergilius Maro, <i>Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics</i>. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0055">Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">William Smith</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology</a>. s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D12%3Aentry%3Dpeirithous-bio-1">Peirithous</a>.</i> London (1848). <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" 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