CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/"><head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# fb: http://ogp.me/ns/fb# article: http://ogp.me/ns/article#"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta http-equiv="x-dns-prefetch-control" content="on" /><link rel="preconnect" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk" /><link rel="preload" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preconnect" href="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk" /> <script>var CEN_DOMAIN='ibtimes.com';var current_timestamp=new Date().getTime(),mobile_device=(/android|webos|phone|ipad|ipod|blackberry|mobi|opera mini/i.test(navigator.userAgent)),bot_engine=/bot|http|python|grabber|crawl|search|fetch|feed|proxy|spider|curl|wget|okhttp|slurp|inspector|synthetic|mediapartners|yahooysmcm|aolbuild|bingpreview|facebookext|facebookcat|accoona|htdig|ia_archive|larbin|-perl|stackrambler|webcapture|downloader|WebCopier|xenu|validator|Snoopy/i.test(navigator.userAgent),dfpSlots={},dfpEx=[],fqtag={cmd:[],scmd:[],fcmd:[],fscmd:[]},oa=oa||{},doFir=doFir||[],doReady=doReady||[],dataLayer=dataLayer||[],brW=window.innerWidth||document.documentElement.clientWidth||document.body.clientWidth||[],brH=window.innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight||document.body.clientHeight||[],no_lc=0,LJ=function(d,e,f){var a,c;a=document.createElement("script");a.type="text/javascript";a.async=!0;a.src=d;"undefined"!=typeof e&&(a.onload=e);"undefined"!=typeof f&&(a.onerror=f);c=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];c.parentNode.insertBefore(a,c.nextSibling)},LC=function(d,e,f){var a,c;a=document.createElement("link");a.rel="stylesheet";a.href=d;"undefined"!=typeof e&&(a.onload=e);"undefined"!=typeof f&&(a.onerror=f);c=document.getElementsByTagName("link")[no_lc++];c.parentNode.insertBefore(a,c.nextSibling)},setCookieHours=function(name,value,h,domain){var date,expires=host='';if(h){date=new Date();date.setTime(date.getTime()+(h*60*60*1000));expires="; expires="+date.toUTCString();if(domain)host=";domain="+domain};document.cookie=name+"="+value+expires+host+"; path=/"},setCookie=function(name,value,days,domain){if(days)days*=24;setCookieHours(name,value,days,domain)},deleteCookie=function(name){setCookie(name,"",-1)},getCookie=function(c){c+="=";for(var d=document.cookie.split(";"),b=0;b<d.length;b++){for(var a=d[b];" "==a.charAt(0);)a=a.substring(1,a.length);if(0==a.indexOf(c))return a.substring(c.length,a.length)}return null},getCookieString=function(t){return getCookie(t)||""},getUrlParameters=function(t){var n,r={},s=/=/.test(t);return(s?t:location.search.substring(1)).split("&").forEach(function(t){""!=t&&(r[(n=t.split("="))[0]]=n[1])}),!t||s?r:r[t]},loadJS=function(arr,c){LJ(arr[0],function(){if(arr.length>1){arr.shift();loadJS(arr,c)}else c()})},appendCSS=function(d){var o=document.createElement("style");o.innerHTML=typeof d=='object'?d.data:d;document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(o)},GCSS=function(u){var x=new XMLHttpRequest();x.open('GET',u);x.send(null);x.onreadystatechange=function(){if(x.readyState===4&&x.status===200)appendCSS(x.responseText);}},execFunc=function(o){if(typeof o=='object'){while(exe=o.shift())exe();o.push=function(f){f()}}},hb_debug=getCookie('ibt_debug')?1:0,ibt_log=function(){if(hb_debug){var a=[].slice.call(arguments);a.unshift('|IBT|');console.log.apply(console,a)}},ibt_error=function(){if(hb_debug){var a=[].slice.call(arguments);a.unshift('|IBT|');console.error.apply(console,a)}},DOMAIN=document.domain;if(DOMAIN==location.host){var str='',a=DOMAIN.split('.');for(var i=1;i<a.length;i++){str+="."+a[i]};DOMAIN=str.substr(1)};JSON.split=function(c,d){var a=c.split(d||"|"),b={};for(i=0;i<a.length;i+=2)b[a[i]]=a[i+1];return b};oa.geo=JSON.split(getCookieString('X-UA-Info')||'country|OTHER|state||city||ip|');(function(){var u=navigator.userAgent,o=/Android/.test(u)?['Android',(u.match(/Android ([\d]+)/)||[,0])[1]]:/Nintendo/.test(u)?['Nintendo',(u.match(/(?:Nintendo ([\w]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/iPhone|iPod|iPad/.test(u)?['iOS',(u.match(/(?:iPhone|iPod|iPad).+OS ([\d]+)/i)||[,0])[1]]:/Maci/.test(u)?['Mac OS',(u.match(/Mac OS X ([\d]+)/)||[,0])[1]]:/Win/.test(u)?['Windows',(u.match(/Windows NT ([\d]+\.[\d]+)/)||[,3])[1]]:/CrOS/.test(u)?['Chrome OS',(u.match(/(?:hrome\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/Tizen/.test(u)?['Tizen',(u.match(/(?:Tizen ([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/PlayStation/.test(u)?['PlayStation',(u.match(/(?:PlayStation ([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/WebOS/.test(u)?['WebOS',(u.match(/(?:WEBOS([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/Fuchsia/.test(u)?['Fuchsia',1]:/Linux/.test(u)?['Linux',(u.match(/(?:Linux ([\w]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/OS\/2/.test(u)?['OS/2',(u.match(/(?:OS\/2;? ((?!OS)[\w]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/Unix|OpenBSD|FreeBSD|X11/.test(u)?['Unix',1]:/Apple\s?TV/.test(u)?['Apple tvOS',(u.match(/(?:OS ([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:bot_engine?['Bots',1]:['Unknown',0],b=bot_engine?['Bots',1]:/ndroid.+; wv/.test(u)?['Android Webview',1]:/(iPhone|iPod|iPad)(?!.+Safari)/i.test(u)?['iOS Webview',1]:/edg/i.test(u)?['Edge',(u.match(/(?:edg(?:e|a|ios)?\/)([\d]+)/i)||[,0])[1]]:/firefox|fxios/i.test(u)?['Firefox',(u.match(/(?:(?:fox|xios)\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/opr/i.test(u)?['Opera',(u.match(/(?:opr\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/opera/i.test(u)?['Opera',u.indexOf("ersion")!=-1?(u.match(/(?:sion\/([\d]+))/)||[,0])[1]:(u.match(/(?:era(?:\/|\s)([\d]+))/)||[,0])[1]]:/msie|trident/i.test(u)?['MSIE',(u.match(/(?:(?:ie|rv)(?:\:|\s)([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/samsungbrowser/i.test(u)?['Samsung Internet',(u.match(/(?:ser\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/silk/i.test(u)?['Amazon Silk',(u.match(/(?:silk\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/[\w\s]+browser\//i.test(u)?[u.match(/([\w]+browser)\/[\d]+/i)[1],(u.match(/(?:ser\/([\d]+))/)||[,0])[1]]:/palemoon/i.test(u)?['PaleMoon',(u.match(/(?:moon\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/puffin/i.test(u)?['Puffin',(u.match(/(?:ffin\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/safari/i.test(u)&&/version/i.test(u)&&!/chrome/i.test(u)?['Safari',(u.match(/(?:sion\/([\d]+))/)||[,0])[1]]:/chrome/i.test(u)?['Chrome',(u.match(/(?:ome\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/crios/i.test(u)?['Chrome',(u.match(/(?:crios\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/seamonkey/i.test(u)?['SeaMonkey',(u.match(/(?:Monkey\/([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:/PlayStation/i.test(u)?['PlayStation',(u.match(/(?:tation ([\d]+))/i)||[,0])[1]]:['Unknown',0];oa.os={name:o[0],version:o[1]};oa.browser={name:b[0],version:b[1]}})();window.addEventListener('message',function(e){if(e.data=='GetFQ'&&e.origin.indexOf(location.host.replace(/www1?\./,''))>-1){e.source.postMessage('NoPassFQ='+NoPassFQ,e.origin)}});var openLogin=function(u){if(typeof u=='object')u=u.url;jQuery("body").css("overflow","hidden");jQuery("#SIGNIN").remove();jQuery("<div />",{"id":"SIGNIN"}).html('<div class="nw-login"><span class="zephr-modal-close">×</span><div class="login-popup"><iframe frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" id="Oframe" allowtransparency="true" src="'+u+'" style="min-height:350px;"></iframe></div></div>').appendTo("body");jQuery("#SIGNIN").on('click',function(e){closeLogin()})},closeLogin=function(){jQuery("#SIGNIN").remove();jQuery("body").css("overflow","inherit")},adjustLoginHeight=function(h){jQuery("#Oframe").height(h)},login_success=function(sess){jQuery(".sign-up").html("LOGOUT").on('click',function(){location.href="https://signin."+DOMAIN+"/oauth/logout"});closeLogin()},LANG='en',commentHeight=function(data){jQuery("#block-ibt-comment iframe").height(data.height)};var login_success=function(sess){closeLogin();jQuery("article").removeClass("wall");jQuery(".login-btn .sign-up2").hide();jQuery(".login-btn .myaccount").show();jQuery(".only-before-login").hide();if(typeof sess=='object'){sess=sess.sess};jQuery("<div />",{"id":"TEMPE"}).html('<iframe frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" allowtransparency="true" src="https://comment.'+DOMAIN+'/comment/oauth?sess='+sess+'" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;width:1px;height:1px;"></iframe>').appendTo("body");jQuery("#TEMPE iframe").on("load",function(){jQuery("#TEMPE").remove();if(jQuery("iframe.comment").length){jQuery("iframe.comment").get(0).contentWindow.postMessage({'action':'success',},'*')}});afterLogin()};function afterLogin(){};doFir.push(function(){jQuery(document).ready(function(){jQuery(".sign-up2").on('click',function(e){e.preventDefault();e.stopPropagation();openLogin('https://signin.'+DOMAIN.replace(/ibtimes\.[\.a-z]+/,'ibtimes.com')+'/oauth?l='+jQuery(this).attr('data-lang'))})});if(mobile_device){jQuery(window).on('scroll.fonts',function(){jQuery(this).off('scroll.fonts');GCSS('https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/css/fonts_inline_2.css')})}else{GCSS('https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/css/fonts_inline_2.css')}})</script> <title>Texas Mom Earns Up To $10K/Day Running Her Seasonal Pumpkin Decor Business From July To November | IBTimes UK</title><meta name="news_keywords" content="Women in Business,Porch Pumpkins,Porch Pumpkins decor,Porch Pumpkins Instagram,Porch Pumpkins Dallas,Heather Torres Porch Pumpkins,Pumpkin decor" /><meta name="description" content="A Texas mom turned her pumpkin decorating hobby into a thriving business, offering luxury pumpkin displays and services to Dallas-Fort Worth residents." /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516" /><meta name="robots" content="max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1" /><meta property="fb:app_id" content="133405490194030" /><meta property="fb:pages" content="224377357631653"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="International Business Times UK"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516"/><meta property="og:title" content="Texas Mom Earns Up To $10K/Day Running Her Seasonal Pumpkin Decor Business From July To November" /><meta property="og:description" content="A Texas mom turned her pumpkin decorating hobby into a thriving business, offering luxury pumpkin displays and services to Dallas-Fort Worth residents." /><meta property="og:image" content="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg"/><meta property="og:image:alt" content="Heather Torres Porch Pumpkins" /><meta property="og:image:width" content="900" /><meta property="og:image:height" content="600" /><meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/IBTimesUK"/><meta property="article:section" content="Women in Business" /><meta property="article:tag" content="Porch Pumpkins" /><meta property="article:tag" content="Porch Pumpkins decor" /><meta property="article:tag" content="Porch Pumpkins Instagram" /><meta property="article:tag" content="Porch Pumpkins Dallas" /><meta property="article:tag" content="Heather Torres Porch Pumpkins" /><meta property="article:tag" content="Pumpkin decor" /><meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-10-10T07:17:50+01:00"/><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-10T07:17:50+01:00"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@IBTimesUK"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Texas Mom Earns Up To $10K/Day Running Her Seasonal Pumpkin Decor Business From July To November"><meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="A Texas mom turned her pumpkin decorating hobby into a thriving business, offering luxury pumpkin displays and services to Dallas-Fort Worth residents."/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg"/><link rel="preload" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff2/Newsreader16pt-SemiBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Genericons.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" href="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=736&f=403aebb590e6933ae077422c7b48e028" as="image" media="(min-width: 1100px)"><link rel="preload" href="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=900&f=a38f4358314016a2ac5ea71596e1a564" as="image" media="(min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1099px)"><link rel="preload" href="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=736&f=403aebb590e6933ae077422c7b48e028" as="image" media="(min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px)"><link rel="preload" href="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=480&f=fc47bcb89b9af51ed6d950d9e1afe39e" as="image" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 479px)"><style data-id="main">@font-face{font-family:'Josefin Sans';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/JosefinSans/JosefinSans-Bold.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/JosefinSans/JosefinSans-Bold.woff) format('woff');font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'Newsreader';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff2/Newsreader16pt-BoldItalic.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff/Newsreader16pt-BoldItalic.woff) format('woff');font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'Newsreader';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff2/Newsreader16pt-Italic.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff/Newsreader16pt-Italic.woff) format('woff');font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'Newsreader';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff2/Newsreader16pt-Regular.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff/Newsreader16pt-Regular.woff) format('woff');font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'Newsreader';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff2/Newsreader16pt-SemiBold.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff/Newsreader16pt-SemiBold.woff) format('woff');font-weight:600;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'Newsreader';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff2/Newsreader16pt-SemiBoldItalic.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Newsreader/woff/Newsreader16pt-SemiBoldItalic.woff) format('woff');font-weight:600;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'DM Sans';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-Regular.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-Regular.woff) format('woff');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'DM Sans';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-Bold.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-Bold.woff) format('woff');font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'DM Sans';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-BoldItalic.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-BoldItalic.woff) format('woff');font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'DM Sans';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-Italic.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/DMSans/DMSans-Italic.woff) format('woff');font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:'Genericons';src:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Genericons.woff) format("woff2"),url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/fonts/Genericons.woff) format("woff");font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}.container-fluid,.container{max-width:1200px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.container-fluid{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.row{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px}.col-xs-1,.col-sm-1,.col-md-1,.col-lg-1,.col-xs-2,.col-sm-2,.col-md-2,.col-lg-2,.col-xs-3,.col-sm-3,.col-md-3,.col-lg-3,.col-xs-4,.col-sm-4,.col-md-4,.col-lg-4,.col-xs-5,.col-sm-5,.col-md-5,.col-lg-5,.col-xs-6,.col-sm-6,.col-md-6,.col-lg-6,.col-xs-7,.col-sm-7,.col-md-7,.col-lg-7,.col-xs-8,.col-sm-8,.col-md-8,.col-lg-8,.col-xs-9,.col-sm-9,.col-md-9,.col-lg-9,.col-xs-10,.col-sm-10,.col-md-10,.col-lg-10,.col-xs-11,.col-sm-11,.col-md-11,.col-lg-11,.col-xs-12,.col-sm-12,.col-md-12,.col-lg-12{position:relative;min-height:1px;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.col-xs-1,.col-xs-2,.col-xs-3,.col-xs-4,.col-xs-5,.col-xs-6,.col-xs-7,.col-xs-8,.col-xs-9,.col-xs-10,.col-xs-11,.col-xs-12{float:left}.col-xs-12{width:100%}.col-xs-11{width:91.66666667%}.col-xs-10{width:83.33333333%}.col-xs-9{width:75%}.col-xs-8{width:66.66666667%}.col-xs-7{width:58.33333333%}.col-xs-6{width:50%}.col-xs-5{width:41.66666667%}.col-xs-4{width:33.33333333%}.col-xs-3{width:25%}.col-xs-2{width:16.66666667%}.col-xs-1{width:8.33333333%}.col-xs-offset-12{margin-left:100%}.col-xs-offset-11{margin-left:91.66666667%}.col-xs-offset-10{margin-left:83.33333333%}.col-xs-offset-9{margin-left:75%}.col-xs-offset-8{margin-left:66.66666667%}.col-xs-offset-7{margin-left:58.33333333%}.col-xs-offset-6{margin-left:50%}.col-xs-offset-5{margin-left:41.66666667%}.col-xs-offset-4{margin-left:33.33333333%}.col-xs-offset-3{margin-left:25%}.col-xs-offset-2{margin-left:16.66666667%}.col-xs-offset-1{margin-left:8.33333333%}.col-xs-offset-0{margin-left:0}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.col-sm-1,.col-sm-2,.col-sm-3,.col-sm-4,.col-sm-5,.col-sm-6,.col-sm-7,.col-sm-8,.col-sm-9,.col-sm-10,.col-sm-11,.col-sm-12{float:left}.col-sm-12{width:100%}.col-sm-11{width:91.66666667%}.col-sm-10{width:83.33333333%}.col-sm-9{width:75%}.col-sm-8{width:66.66666667%}.col-sm-7{width:58.33333333%}.col-sm-6{width:50%}.col-sm-5{width:41.66666667%}.col-sm-4{width:33.33333333%}.col-sm-3{width:25%}.col-sm-2{width:16.66666667%}.col-sm-1{width:8.33333333%}.col-sm-offset-12{margin-left:100%}.col-sm-offset-11{margin-left:91.66666667%}.col-sm-offset-10{margin-left:83.33333333%}.col-sm-offset-9{margin-left:75%}.col-sm-offset-8{margin-left:66.66666667%}.col-sm-offset-7{margin-left:58.33333333%}.col-sm-offset-6{margin-left:50%}.col-sm-offset-5{margin-left:41.66666667%}.col-sm-offset-4{margin-left:33.33333333%}.col-sm-offset-3{margin-left:25%}.col-sm-offset-2{margin-left:16.66666667%}.col-sm-offset-1{margin-left:8.33333333%}.col-sm-offset-0{margin-left:0}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.col-md-1,.col-md-2,.col-md-3,.col-md-4,.col-md-5,.col-md-6,.col-md-7,.col-md-8,.col-md-9,.col-md-10,.col-md-11,.col-md-12{float:left}.col-md-12{width:100%}.col-md-11{width:91.66666667%}.col-md-10{width:83.33333333%}.col-md-9{width:75%}.col-md-8{width:66.66666667%}.col-md-7{width:58.33333333%}.col-md-6{width:50%}.col-md-5{width:41.66666667%}.col-md-4{width:33.33333333%}.col-md-3{width:25%}.col-md-2{width:16.66666667%}.col-md-1{width:8.33333333%}.col-md-offset-12{margin-left:100%}.col-md-offset-11{margin-left:91.66666667%}.col-md-offset-10{margin-left:83.33333333%}.col-md-offset-9{margin-left:75%}.col-md-offset-8{margin-left:66.66666667%}.col-md-offset-7{margin-left:58.33333333%}.col-md-offset-6{margin-left:50%}.col-md-offset-5{margin-left:41.66666667%}.col-md-offset-4{margin-left:33.33333333%}.col-md-offset-3{margin-left:25%}.col-md-offset-2{margin-left:16.66666667%}.col-md-offset-1{margin-left:8.33333333%}.col-md-offset-0{margin-left:0}}@media screen and (min-width:1200px){.col-lg-1,.col-lg-2,.col-lg-3,.col-lg-4,.col-lg-5,.col-lg-6,.col-lg-7,.col-lg-8,.col-lg-9,.col-lg-10,.col-lg-11,.col-lg-12{float:left}.col-lg-12{width:100%}.col-lg-11{width:91.66666667%}.col-lg-10{width:83.33333333%}.col-lg-9{width:75%}.col-lg-8{width:66.66666667%}.col-lg-7{width:58.33333333%}.col-lg-6{width:50%}.col-lg-5{width:41.66666667%}.col-lg-4{width:33.33333333%}.col-lg-3{width:25%}.col-lg-2{width:16.66666667%}.col-lg-1{width:8.33333333%}.col-lg-offset-12{margin-left:100%}.col-lg-offset-11{margin-left:91.66666667%}.col-lg-offset-10{margin-left:83.33333333%}.col-lg-offset-9{margin-left:75%}.col-lg-offset-8{margin-left:66.66666667%}.col-lg-offset-7{margin-left:58.33333333%}.col-lg-offset-6{margin-left:50%}.col-lg-offset-5{margin-left:41.66666667%}.col-lg-offset-4{margin-left:33.33333333%}.col-lg-offset-3{margin-left:25%}.col-lg-offset-2{margin-left:16.66666667%}.col-lg-offset-1{margin-left:8.33333333%}.col-lg-offset-0{margin-left:0}}@media screen and (min-width:1440px){.col-xl-1,.col-xl-2,.col-xl-3,.col-xl-4,.col-xl-5,.col-xl-6,.col-xl-7,.col-xl-8,.col-xl-9,.col-xl-10,.col-xl-11,.col-xl-12{float:left}.col-xl-12{width:100%}.col-xl-11{width:91.66666667%}.col-xl-10{width:83.33333333%}.col-xl-9{width:75%}.col-xl-8{width:66.66666667%}.col-xl-7{width:58.33333333%}.col-xl-6{width:50%}.col-xl-5{width:41.66666667%}.col-xl-4{width:33.33333333%}.col-xl-3{width:25%}.col-xl-2{width:16.66666667%}.col-xl-1{width:8.33333333%}.col-xl-offset-12{margin-left:100%}.col-xl-offset-11{margin-left:91.66666667%}.col-xl-offset-10{margin-left:83.33333333%}.col-xl-offset-9{margin-left:75%}.col-xl-offset-8{margin-left:66.66666667%}.col-xl-offset-7{margin-left:58.33333333%}.col-xl-offset-6{margin-left:50%}.col-xl-offset-5{margin-left:41.66666667%}.col-xl-offset-4{margin-left:33.33333333%}.col-xl-offset-3{margin-left:25%}.col-xl-offset-2{margin-left:16.66666667%}.col-xl-offset-1{margin-left:8.33333333%}.col-xl-offset-0{margin-left:0}}.fn,.flex-n{-webkit-flex:none;flex:none}.f1{-webkit-flex:1;flex:1}.flex-xs{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex}.flex-wrap{-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap}.flex-wrap.row:before{content:none}.fd-c{-webkit-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column}.order-1{-webkit-order:1;order:1}.order-2{-webkit-order:2;order:2}.order-3{-webkit-order:3;order:3}.ai-fe{-webkit-align-items:flex-end;align-items:flex-end}.ai-c{-webkit-align-items:center;align-items:center}.ai-s{-webkit-align-items:stretch;align-items:stretch}.as-fe{-webkit-align-self:flex-end;align-self:flex-end}.as-c{-webkit-align-self:center;align-self:center}.jc-c{-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center}.jc-sb{-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between}.jc-sa{-webkit-justify-content:space-around;justify-content:space-around}.jc-fe{-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;justify-content:flex-end}.flex-sm-1,.flex-md-1,.flex-lg-1,.flex-sm-2,.flex-md-2,.flex-lg-2,.flex-sm-3,.flex-md-3,.flex-lg-3,.flex-sm-4,.flex-md-4,.flex-lg-4,.flex-sm-5,.flex-md-5,.flex-lg-5,.flex-sm-6,.flex-md-6,.flex-lg-6,.flex-sm-7,.flex-md-7,.flex-lg-7,.flex-sm-8,.flex-md-8,.flex-lg-8,.flex-sm-9,.flex-md-9,.flex-lg-9,.flex-sm-10,.flex-md-10,.flex-lg-10,.flex-sm-11,.flex-md-11,.flex-lg-11,.flex-xs-12,.flex-sm-12,.flex-md-12,.flex-lg-12{width:100%}.flex-xs-11{width:91.66666667%}.flex-xs-10{width:83.33333333%}.flex-xs-9{width:75%}.flex-xs-8{width:66.66666667%}.flex-xs-7{width:58.33333333%}.flex-xs-6{width:50%}.flex-xs-5{width:41.66666667%}.flex-xs-4{width:33.33333333%}.flex-xs-3{width:25%}.flex-xs-2{width:16.66666667%}.flex-xs-1{width:8.33333333%}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.flex-sm{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex}.flex-sm-12{width:100%}.flex-sm-11{width:91.66666667%}.flex-sm-10{width:83.33333333%}.flex-sm-9{width:75%}.flex-sm-8{width:66.66666667%}.flex-sm-7{width:58.33333333%}.flex-sm-6{width:50%}.flex-sm-5{width:41.66666667%}.flex-sm-4{width:33.33333333%}.flex-sm-3{width:25%}.flex-sm-2{width:16.66666667%}.flex-sm-1{width:8.33333333%}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.flex-md{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex}.flex-md-12{width:100%}.flex-md-11{width:91.66666667%}.flex-md-10{width:83.33333333%}.flex-md-9{width:75%}.flex-md-8{width:66.66666667%}.flex-md-7{width:58.33333333%}.flex-md-6{width:50%}.flex-md-5{width:41.66666667%}.flex-md-4{width:33.33333333%}.flex-md-3{width:25%}.flex-md-2{width:16.66666667%}.flex-md-1{width:8.33333333%}}@media screen and (min-width:1200px){.flex-lg{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex}.flex-lg-12{width:100%}.flex-lg-11{width:91.66666667%}.flex-lg-10{width:83.33333333%}.flex-lg-9{width:75%}.flex-lg-8{width:66.66666667%}.flex-lg-7{width:58.33333333%}.flex-lg-6{width:50%}.flex-lg-5{width:41.66666667%}.flex-lg-4{width:33.33333333%}.flex-lg-3{width:25%}.flex-lg-2{width:16.66666667%}.flex-lg-1{width:8.33333333%}}.visible-xl,.visible-xs,.visible-sm,.visible-md,.visible-lg{display:none !important}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.block-fusion-ads{margin:20px calc(50% - 50vw)}.visible-xs{display:block !important}.hidden-xs{display:none !important}}@media(min-width:768px) and (max-width:991px){.visible-sm{display:block !important}.hidden-sm{display:none !important}.fsm{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;width:100%}}@media(min-width:992px) and (max-width:1199px){.visible-md{display:block !important}.hidden-md{display:none !important}.fmd{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;width:100%}}@media(min-width:1200px) and (max-width:1439px){.visible-lg{display:block !important}.hidden-lg{display:none !important}.flg{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex}}@media screen and (min-width:1440px){.visible-xl{display:block !important}.hidden-xl{display:none !important}}.pull-right{float:right}.pull-left{float:left}.element-hidden{display:none}.element-invisible{position:absolute;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);overflow:hidden;height:1px}.hidden{display:none;visibility:hidden}.hide{display:none}.show{display:block}.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after,.container:before,.container:after,.container-fluid:before,.container-fluid:after,.row:before,.row:after{content:" ";display:table}.clearfix:after,.container:after,.container-fluid:after,.row:after{clear:both}.affix{position:fixed}.absolute{position:absolute}*{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;border:0 none;list-style:none outside none;margin:0;outline:0 none;padding:0;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}html,body,div,object,iframe,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,ol,ul,li,form,legend,label,table,header,footer,nav,section,figure{margin:0;padding:0}div.image a,header,footer,nav,section,article,hgroup,figure{display:block}ul li.expanded,ul li.collapsed,ul li.leaf{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.page-nav ul li.leaf{width:48%;display:inline}ul.primary{margin:0;padding:0;text-align:center}ul.primary li a{background-color:transparent}ul.primary li a:hover{background-color:transparent}ul.primary li.active a{background-color:transparent}li a.active{color:inherit}.ui-tabs{padding:0;position:inherit}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav{margin:0;padding:0}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li{border:0;float:inherit;list-style:none outside none;margin:0;padding:0;position:inherit;top:0;white-space:nowrap}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a{float:inherit;text-decoration:none;padding:0}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-selected{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-selected a,.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-state-disabled a,.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-state-processing a{cursor:pointer;color:inherit}.ui-state-default a,.ui-state-default a:link,.ui-state-default a:visited{color:inherit}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a,.ui-tabs.ui-tabs-collapsible .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-selected a{cursor:pointer;color:inherit}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel{background:none;display:block;border:0;padding:0}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-hide{display:none !important}.ui-state-default,.ui-widget-content .ui-state-default,.ui-widget-header .ui-state-default{background:none;color:inherit}.ui-corner-all{border-radius:0}.ui-widget-content{background:none;border:0;color:inherit}.ui-widget{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav{margin:0;padding:0}.ui-widget-header{background:none;border:0;color:inherit;font-weight:inherit}.ui-corner-bottom{border-radius:0}body{font-family:sans-serif;min-width:320px;background-color:white}body::before{content:"";display:block;position:fixed;top:-1px;left:0;right:0;height:1px}body>img,body>iframe{display:none}#BF_WIDGET_1{height:0}a{text-decoration:none;outline:0}a:active,a:hover{text-decoration:none}iframe,object,img{max-width:100%}img{vertical-align:middle;height:auto}.image img{width:100%}form select,form .form-text,form .form-submit{-webkit-appearance:none;border-radius:0}form select::-ms-clear,form .form-text::-ms-clear,form .form-submit::-ms-clear{display:none;width:0;height:0}form select::-ms-reveal,form .form-text::-ms-reveal,form .form-submit::-ms-reveal{display:none;width:0;height:0}form .form-submit{cursor:pointer;text-align:center}::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#666}:-moz-placeholder{color:#666}::-moz-placeholder{color:#666}:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#666}.form-text:focus::-webkit-input-placeholder,form .form-submit:focus::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:transparent}.form-text:focus:-moz-placeholder,form .form-submit:focus:-moz-placeholder{color:transparent}.form-text:focus::-moz-placeholder,form .form-submit:focus::-moz-placeholder{color:transparent}.form-text:focus:-ms-input-placeholder,form .form-submit:focus:-ms-input-placeholder{color:transparent}input[type="text"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-border-radius:0;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-border-radius:0}picture.lazysize{display:block;background-color:#f0f0f0;width:100%}picture.lazysize img{width:100%;opacity:0;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-transition:opacity 500ms ease-in-out 100ms;-moz-transition:opacity 500ms ease-in-out 100ms;-o-transition:opacity 500ms ease-in-out 100ms;transition:opacity 500ms ease-in-out 100ms}picture.lazysize img.lazyloaded{opacity:1}.b-lazy-wrap{display:block;background-color:#f0f0f0;width:100%}span.b-lazy,img.b-lazy{width:100%;opacity:0;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-transition:opacity 500ms ease-in-out 100ms;-moz-transition:opacity 500ms ease-in-out 100ms;-o-transition:opacity 500ms ease-in-out 100ms;transition:opacity 500ms ease-in-out 100ms}span.b-lazy.b-loaded,img.b-lazy.b-loaded{opacity:1}.page-top.fixed{left:0;right:0}.dfp-tag-wrapper{background:#f5f5f5 url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/ad.gif) no-repeat center center;height:251px;overflow:hidden;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-family:sans-serif}.dfp-tag-wrapper iframe{margin:auto;max-width:inherit}#dfp-ad-top-wrapper{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}#ad-right3-wrapper .dfp-tag-wrapper{height:600px}#ad-bottom-wrapper .dfp-tag-wrapper{height:90px}.page-sidebar .block{clear:left}.embed-responsive{position:relative;display:block;height:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden}.embed-responsive .embed-responsive-item,.embed-responsive iframe,.embed-responsive embed,.embed-responsive object,.embed-responsive video{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;height:100%;width:100%;border:0}.embed-responsive-16by9{padding-bottom:56.25%}.embed-responsive-4by3{padding-bottom:75%}.videocontent-wrapper{background-color:black}.videocontent{position:relative}.node-article .break-2,.node-article .break-3{clear:right}.node-article .videocontent iframe{margin-bottom:0}.source{margin:20px 0;font-size:13px;color:#999}.source a{text-decoration:underline;color:#444}.source a:hover{text-decoration:none;color:#444}.block-ibtmedia-facebook{margin-bottom:30px}.block-ibtmedia-facebook .fb_iframe_widget span,.block-ibtmedia-facebook .fb_iframe_widget iframe{min-width:100%;max-width:100%}.item-list .pager{margin:0}.item-list .pager li{margin:0;padding:0}.genericon{font-size:20px;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;display:block;font-family:"Genericons";cursor:pointer}.genericon-chat:before{content:"\f108"}.genericon-collapse:before{content:"\f432"}.genericon-comment:before{content:"\f300"}.genericon-expand:before{content:"\f431"}.genericon-downarrow:before{content:"\f502"}.genericon-facebook:before{content:"\f203"}.genericon-facebook-alt:before{content:"\f204"}.genericon-feed:before{content:"\f413"}.genericon-flag:before{content:"\f468"}.genericon-googleplus:before{content:"\f218"}.genericon-googleplus-alt:before{content:"\f218"}.genericon-home:before{content:"\f409"}.genericon-info:before{content:"\f455"}.genericon-instagram:before{content:"\f215"}.genericon-linkedin-alt:before{content:"\f208"}.genericon-linkedin:before{content:"\f207"}.genericon-tiktok path{fill:#fff}.genericon-youtube:before{content:"\f213"}.genericon-mail:before{content:"\f410"}.genericon-menu:before{content:"\f419"}.genericon-next:before{content:"\f429"}.genericon-pinterest-alt:before{content:"\f210"}.genericon-pinterest:before{content:"\f209"}.genericon-previous:before{content:"\f430"}.genericon-reddit:before{content:"\f222"}.genericon-search:before{content:"\f400"}.genericon-subscribe:before{content:"\f463"}.genericon-tumblr:before{content:"\f214"}.genericon-twitter:before{content:"\f202"}.genericon-uparrow:before{content:"\f500"}.genericon-warning:before{content:"\f414"}.genericon-close:before{content:"\f405"}.genericon-close-alt:before{content:"\f406"}.uxab .article-header h1{font-weight:bold}.uxab .article-body{position:relative}.uxab .article-body::before{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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');background-size:100%;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,50% 0,50% 100%,color-stop(0%,rgba(255,255,255,0)),color-stop(100%,#fff));background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0),#fff);background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0),#fff);background-image:linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0),#fff);content:"";display:block;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;height:100%}.uxab #dfp-ad-bottom{border-top:0}.page-footer .twitter-x{display:inline-block;width:12px;height:12px;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/social/twitter-x-black.svg) center/90% no-repeat}@media(max-width:1100px){#ad-bottom-wrapper .dfp-tag-wrapper{height:251px}}@media(max-width:767px){.uxab .page-content{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}}@media(max-width:700px){.dfp-tag-wrapper,#ad-bottom-wrapper .dfp-tag-wrapper{height:calc(100vw/1.20);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}}.ts-btn{text-align:center;position:relative;margin-top:-30px}.ts-btn a{-moz-border-radius:6px;-webkit-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px;display:inline-block;background-color:#30bced;color:white;padding:0 25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:14px;line-height:50px;letter-spacing:2px;text-indent:2px;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-btn a:hover{filter:alpha(opacity=60);opacity:.6;text-decoration:none;color:white}.breadcrumb-wrapper{font-size:14px;color:#333;margin-bottom:20px;display:block}.breadcrumb-wrapper .topic-title>a{font-size:22px;font-weight:bold;font-family:"Josefin Sans",sans-serif}.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb>span{color:#999}.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb span{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold;font-family:"Josefin Sans",sans-serif}@media(max-width:767px){.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb span{font-size:15px}}.breadcrumb-wrapper .topic-title>a::before,.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb>span::before{content:'';border-left:1px solid #ccc;height:1em;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;margin:0 10px}.breadcrumb-wrapper .topic-title>a:first-of-type,.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb>span:first-of-type{color:#111}.breadcrumb-wrapper .topic-title>a:first-of-type::before,.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb>span:first-of-type::before{content:none}.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb>a{margin-left:10px}.breadcrumb-wrapper a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.story main .container-fluid{max-width:1150px;margin-top:5px}@media(min-width:768px){.story main .container-fluid{margin-top:30px}}.story main .page-sidebar{position:static}.article-header h1{font-size:30px;line-height:1.15;font-weight:600;font-family:'Newsreader',serif;font-style:normal;margin-bottom:40px;color:#0e0e0e}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.article-header{margin-bottom:30px}.article-header h1{font-size:36px;margin-bottom:40px}}.article-header .subtitle{font:normal 18px/28px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;margin-bottom:7px;color:#222}.article-header .byline{font-size:14px;color:#333;font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:bold;border-top:0}.article-header .byline a{color:#0e0e0e}.article-header .byline time{display:block;margin-top:10px;font-weight:normal;font-size:13px}.article-header .byline a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.article-header .byline .author-extra{display:inline-block;font-style:normal}.article-header .byline .genericon{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit}.article-header .byline .genericon::before{font:normal normal 16px "Genericons";display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.article-header .byline .genericon-twitter::before{color:#1da1f2}.article-header .byline .genericon-linkedin::before{margin-right:3px;color:#0077b5}blockquote{border-left:4px solid #e5e5e5;padding-left:54px;margin:45px 0;color:#222}.article-body blockquote p{font:normal 20px/30px 'Merriweather',serif;font-weight:600}.quoteLeft{font:normal 20px/30px 'Merriweather',serif}.byline-social{border-top:1px solid #e9e9e9;padding:13px 0}.byline-social .social-share{margin-top:8px}.genericon-flipboard{background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/flipboard.png) !important}.social-share .genericon{width:36px;height:36px;margin-left:3px;font-size:16px;line-height:36px;color:#738a8d;font-size:24px}.social-share .genericon:hover{text-decoration:none}.social-share .genericon-facebook-alt{font-size:22px;color:#3b5998;margin-left:0}.social-share .genericon-twitter{color:#1da1f2}.social-share .genericon-tumblr{color:#35465c}.social-share .genericon-linkedin{color:#0077b5}.social-share .genericon-pinterest{color:#bd081c}.social-share .genericon-reddit{color:#ff4500}.social-share .genericon.genericon-flipboard{background-color:transparent !important}figcaption,.figcaption{display:block;margin:0;padding:4px;font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:18px;text-align:left}figcaption a,.figcaption a{text-decoration:underline}figcaption a:hover,.figcaption a:hover{text-decoration:none}.newsletter-in-article .title{font-weight:600 !important;font-family:'Newsreader',serif !important;font-size:19px !important;color:#af893d}.newsletter-in-article .description{color:inherit !important}.newsletter-in-article input[type="email"]{background:transparent !important;border-color:#ccc !important}.newsletter-in-article input[type="submit"]{background-color:#af893d !important}.newsletter-in-article a{color:#af893d !important;text-decoration:underline}.image-style-side{text-align:center;float:right;max-width:50%;margin-left:20px}.image-style-side img{width:auto}#dfp-ad-bottom-wrapper{margin-bottom:30px}#ad-sticky-wrapper{display:none}#ad-sticky-wrapper.block-sticky{position:fixed;width:100%;left:0;bottom:0;top:initial;margin:0}#ad-sticky-wrapper .dfp-tag-wrapper{height:50px}.on-sticky{padding-bottom:50px}.article-body{color:#222;font-size:18px;line-height:34px;word-wrap:break-word;font-family:'Merriweather',georgia,'times new roman',serif}.article-body::after{display:table;clear:both}.article-body .imageBox{font-family:'Merriweather',serif;font-weight:400}.article-body .dfp-tag-wrapper .dfp-tag-wrapper{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.article-body #dfp-ad-bottom,.article-body #dfp-ad-top{padding:0}.article-body ul,.article-body ol,.article-body p{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;font-weight:300}.article-body ul a,.article-body ol a,.article-body p a,.article-body .disclaimer a{color:#0e0e0e;text-decoration:underline}.article-body ul a:hover,.article-body ol a:hover,.article-body p a:hover{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:0}.article-body ol{padding-left:20px}.article-body ol li{list-style:decimal;padding-bottom:14px}.article-body ul li{padding-left:25px;padding-bottom:14px;position:relative}.article-body ul li:before{content:"\f428";font-size:18px;font-family:"Genericons";position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.article-body .tvplayer ul li:before{content:none}.article-body .key-points{font-size:16px}.article-body .key-points ul,.article-body .key-points ol{padding-left:30px;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:30px}.article-body .key-points ul li,.article-body .key-points ol li{padding-bottom:8px;margin:10px 0}.article-body .key-points ul{padding-left:30px}.article-body .key-points ol{padding-left:40px}.article-body .figure{display:block;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.article-body figure.pull-left{margin-right:30px;margin-bottom:15px}.article-body figure.pull-right{margin-left:30px;margin-bottom:15px}.writer-info .image{-moz-border-radius:50%;-webkit-border-radius:50%;border-radius:50%;float:left;margin-right:15px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;width:60px}.writer-info .image img{-moz-transform:translate(0%,0%);-ms-transform:translate(0%,0%);-webkit-transform:translate(0%,0%);transform:translate(0%,0%);width:auto;max-width:inherit;height:60px}.writer-info .summary,.writer-sponsored .summary{-moz-transition:all .3s ease;-o-transition:all .3s ease;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;transition:all .3s ease;font-size:13px;height:0;overflow:hidden}.writer-info .summary.expand,.writer-sponsored .summary.expand{height:auto}.writer-sponsored .image{float:left;margin-right:15px;padding:0;overflow:hidden}.writer-sponsored .image img{height:60px}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.article-body .key-points ul,.article-body .key-points ol{margin-left:20px}}.small-related{font-size:16px;padding:0 0 20px}.small-related .block-title{margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:0}.small-related .t{font-size:18px;line-height:1.125;font-weight:bold;padding:8px 0;font-family:Newsreader,serif}.small-related .t::before{content:"";display:inline-block;background:#6a6a6a;width:5px;height:5px;border-radius:50%;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:3px}.author-bio{margin-top:30px;padding:5%;background:#fbfbfb;font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif}.author-bio img{width:60px;border-radius:100px}.author-bio .name{font-weight:bold;font-size:16px;margin-left:1em}.author-bio .bio{margin-top:15px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:#6d6d6d}.node-webform h1{margin-bottom:10px}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.page-content{min-height:2500px}.node-webform h1{font-size:24px;line-height:28px;letter-spacing:-.29px}}.node-webform form{padding-top:10px;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5;margin-top:46px}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.node-webform form{margin-top:56px}}.node-webform .form-submit{max-width:310px}.node-webform .form-actions,.node-webform .form-item{margin-top:20px}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.node-webform form>div{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px}.node-webform .form-item{width:50%;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}.node-webform .webform-component-textarea{width:100%}.node-webform .form-actions{width:100%;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}}.content-correction{margin:5px 0 60px}.content-correction .user-btn a{font-weight:bold;font-size:14px;line-height:14px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:black}.content-correction .user-btn a:hover{filter:alpha(opacity=60);opacity:.6;text-decoration:none}.content-correction .genericon-close-alt{-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;width:50px;height:50px;background-color:#e5e5e5;text-align:center;top:35px;right:0}.content-correction .genericon-close-alt::before{filter:alpha(opacity=50);opacity:.5;content:"";width:50px;height:50px;display:block;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/sprite.png) -95px -255px/240px no-repeat}.content-correction .genericon-close-alt:hover{filter:alpha(opacity=60);opacity:.6}.content-correction .correction-form header{padding-right:80px;font-size:18px;line-height:28px}.content-correction .correction-form header p{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:25px}.content-correction .correction-form form{-moz-border-radius:6px;-webkit-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px;background-color:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #e5e5e5;padding:15px 30px 30px;margin-top:0}.content-correction .correction-form form .form-textarea,.content-correction .correction-form form .form-text,.content-correction .correction-form form select{background-color:white;border:1px solid #e5e5e5}.content-correction .correction-form form .form-textarea.error,.content-correction .correction-form form .form-text.error,.content-correction .correction-form form select.error{border-color:#ff0500}.content-correction .correction-form form .form-textarea{-moz-border-radius:6px;-webkit-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px}.content-correction .correction-form form .form-submit{max-width:100%}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.content-correction .correction-form form .form-submit{max-width:370px}}.content-correction .correction-form form .webform-component-email{width:100%}.content-correction .correction-form form .form-actions,.content-correction .correction-form form .form-item{margin-top:15px}.content-correction .correction-form form .webform-component--article-id{margin:0}.content-correction .message{padding-top:35px;padding-right:80px}.content-correction .message h3{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:16px;line-height:28px;letter-spacing:1px}.content-correction .message p{font-size:18px;line-height:28px}#continued-below{font-style:italic;color:#959595;margin-bottom:25px}span.embedded-image{display:block;text-align:center}span.embedded-image span{display:block}span.image-info{text-align:left;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:35px;margin-bottom:35px;position:relative}span.image-info::after{display:block;content:"";width:50px;height:1px;background-color:#e5e5e5;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0}span.image-info span{padding-top:10px}span.image-info .image-caption{font-size:15px;line-height:19px;color:#333}span.image-info .image-credit{font-size:13px;line-height:16px;letter-spacing:3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:#181818}@media(min-width:1366px){.videocontent.fixed{width:33.33333333%}}.mStickyPlayer .videocontent{top:36px}.next-caption a{border-color:#79ce00}.next-caption a::before{background-color:#79ce00}.next-caption a:hover,.next-caption a::after{background-color:#79ce00}.arb-btn a::before{background-color:rgba(121,206,0,.6)}.count-link{background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/icon-slideshows.png) center/contain no-repeat;color:#79ce00}#engage_IBTimes>div{max-width:100%;margin-left:0 !important;margin-right:0 !important}.btn-style4 .arb-btn.next a,.btn-style3 .arb-btn.next a{background-color:#79ce00}.btn-style4 .arb-btn.next a:hover,.btn-style3 .arb-btn.next a:hover{background-color:#469b00}.arb-wrap .social-share .block-title{margin-bottom:0;margin-right:10px}.arb-wrap .article-body{margin-bottom:20px}.slideshow-content figcaption{background-color:#f5f5f5}.ad-badge{max-width:230px;margin:0 auto}.article-body .slide{border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5;padding-top:25px;padding-bottom:25px}.article-body .slide-title{font-size:24px;line-height:30px;padding-bottom:25px}.article-body .aff{margin-bottom:30px;text-align:center}.article-body .aff figure a{display:inline-block;border:0}.article-body .aff figure a:hover{background:none}.article-body .aff-button a{display:inline-block;padding:15px 30px;border-radius:3px;background-color:#ed2939;border-bottom:2px solid #b31724;color:#fff;font:bold 20px/20px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;text-decoration:none}.article-body .aff-button a:hover{background-color:#b31724;color:white;text-decoration:none}.article-body .aff figure{background-color:transparent}.article-body .aff figcaption{padding:5px 0 0;border-bottom:0}h2.second{margin:10px 0 0;padding:40px 0 40px}div.divider{clear:both;margin-top:40px}div.divider:after,div.divider:before{display:block;height:4px;border-width:4px 0;margin-bottom:4px;border-style:dotted;content:"";opacity:.3}.logos{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.logo-label{display:inline-block;color:#666;width:75px;line-height:16px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:10px}.logo-img{position:relative;top:0;margin-right:13px;margin-left:13px;margin-bottom:16px}.logo-imgs{width:calc(100% - 97px)}@media(max-width:767px){.article-body .aff figure{margin-bottom:10px}.logo-label{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:20px}.logo-imgs{width:100%}#dfp-ad-bottom-wrapper{margin-bottom:20px}}@media(min-width:768px){.article-body .aff figure{padding-right:15px}}.contributor-block{background:#f4f4f4;margin:25px 0;padding:25px 25px 5px;font-size:.8em}.contributor-block .author{font-weight:bold}.contributor-block .desc{clear:both;color:#777;margin-top:25px;line-height:1.3em}.contributor-block .by{display:none}.contributor-block .writer-info .image{position:relative;top:-13px}.wall-guide{display:none;text-align:center;padding:50px 5px 0 0;margin:40px 0;border:1px solid #ccc;background-image:linear-gradient(to top,#eee,#ccc)}.wall .wall-guide{display:block;position:sticky;bottom:0;z-index:99}.wall-guide .login-block{margin-bottom:20px}.wall-guide button{background-color:#021691;padding:10px 10px;color:#fff;border-radius:4px;cursor:pointer;min-width:120px}.wall-guide .or{margin:7px 0}.wall-guide .tips{margin:30px 0 10px}.v_text .wall-guide ul{margin:0}.wall-guide li{text-align:left;margin:0;list-style:none;font-size:13px}.article-body .wall-guide li:before{content:''}.wall-guide li em{color:#666;font-size:.9em}.wall-guide a{text-decoration:underline}.close-wall{position:absolute;top:0;right:10px;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;font-size:.8em;color:#555;font-style:italic;text-decoration:underline}.wall-guide .genericon{font-size:12px;margin-left:4px;background:#000;color:#fff;display:inline}@media(max-width:599px){.wall-guide{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px;font-size:.85em}.wall .wall-guide.on-sticky-ad{bottom:50px;transition:bottom .5s}.wall-guide .login-block{margin-bottom:20px}.wall-guide .tips{display:none;padding-right:10px}}.contributor-block .author-extra{display:none}#SIGNIN .poster-comments{position:relative;margin:auto;max-width:1000px;width:96%;height:90vh;z-index:99999999;margin-top:50px}#SIGNIN iframe{display:block;height:100%;width:100%;border-radius:5px}.live-item{border-top:1px solid #ccc;padding:20px 0}.live-summary{border-top:0;padding:0}body{min-height:1500px}.article-body .related.ic{margin-top:20px}.related ul{margin-top:0}.content-correction{margin-top:20px}#block-ibtmedia-dfp-ibtmedia-dfp-belowcontent{min-height:500px}body.cms #block-ibtmedia-dfp-ibtmedia-dfp-belowcontent,body.pelcro-subscribed #block-ibtmedia-dfp-ibtmedia-dfp-belowcontent{min-height:0}.social-share .genericon.genericon-flipboard{background-color:#f52828}.genericon-flipboard{background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/img/home/flipboard_srrw.webp) no-repeat 50% 50% #f52828}.article-body::after{display:table;content:' ';clear:both}.article-header .byline{width:calc(100% - 280px);min-width:250px}.tv,.tv-mobile,.tv-mobile-old{position:relative;width:100%;padding-bottom:56.25%}#ibt-video.stn-video .tv{display:none}#ibt-video.vidazoo .tv{position:absolute}#ibt-video.vidazoo .tvplayer{display:none}#ibt-video.vidazoo #tv-box{min-height:225px}.ad-stn-video-wrapper{height:435px;width:100%;display:block}.tv-in{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;background:#ccc}.close-tv{font-size:10px;line-height:16px;position:absolute;top:-18px;right:0;padding:0 3px;z-index:3;background:#000;color:#fff;border:0;display:none}#tv-box .video-title{position:absolute;display:none;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:hidden;color:#ccc}#tv-box.disabled,#ibt-video-title.disabled{display:none}.most-popular{margin-top:20px}.block-fusion-newsletters{border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:19px;margin-top:19px}.daily-newsletter{margin:0 0 20px}.daily-newsletter a{width:100%;height:100px;padding:10px;background:left top/cover no-repeat;display:block}.daily-newsletter a:hover{text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer}.daily-newsletter label{font:13.5px/13.5px Times,'Times New Roman','serif';color:#af8a3d;border-bottom:2px solid #af8a3d;margin-top:5px;padding-bottom:5px;float:right}.daily-newsletter span{font-size:11px;color:#848484;font-family:Gotham,'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,'sans-serif';display:block;float:right}.daily-newsletter button{background-color:#af8a3d;border:0;color:#fff;padding:7px 12px;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;text-transform:uppercase;margin:5px 40px 0 0;float:right;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 1px 1px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 10%),0 1px 1px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 10%);cursor:pointer}.under-article-widget{min-height:500px}.noad #block-ibt-comment .content{min-height:350px}.noad .under-article-widget{min-height:0}@media screen and (max-width:700px){.block-fusion-newsletters{padding-top:16px}.daily-newsletter{margin-bottom:5px}}.ad-margin-bottom{margin-bottom:15px}.newsletter-in-article{margin:15px 0;border-top:#ccc 1px solid;border-bottom:#ccc 1px solid;padding:25px 0;font:13px/17px Arial,sans-serif}.newsletter-in-article .title{font:bold 18px/22px 'Gotham Narrow',sans-serif}.newsletter-in-article .description{font-size:11pt;color:#666;margin:10px 0}.newsletter-in-article input[type="email"]{border:1px solid black;background:#f8f8f8;width:100%;max-width:465px;height:35px;text-indent:20px}.newsletter-in-article input[type="submit"]{cursor:pointer;background-color:#30bced;color:#fff;padding:10px 32px;margin-left:4px}.newsletter-in-article .form-input{margin:5px 0 15px}.newsletter-in-article a{color:#30bced}.meet-ibt{border-top:1px #e1e1e1 solid;padding:10px;clear:both;margin-bottom:20px}.meet-ibt .meet-ibt-title{font-size:15px;font-weight:700;font-family:“Gotham Narrow”,sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:15px;line-height:20px}.meet-ibt .buttons a{margin-right:2%;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:12px}#ibt-mobile-avf{position:relative;display:none;z-index:10}#ibt-mobile-avf #ibt-video .group{display:none;margin-top:0 !important}.mid-message{margin:15px 0;border-top:#ccc 1px solid;border-bottom:#ccc 1px solid;padding:25px 30px;font:13px/17px Arial,sans-serif}.mid-message .image{width:38%;float:left}.mid-message .image img{width:200px}.article-body .mid-message h2{font:bold 18px/22px 'Gotham Narrow',sans-serif;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:0}.mid-message .description{font-size:11pt;color:#666;margin:10px 0}@media screen and (max-width:1100px){.flex-block{flex-direction:column}.col-md-8{width:100%;float:none}.col-md-4{width:100%;float:none}.tv-mobile-old #tv-box{position:fixed !important;bottom:60px;right:0;width:215px !important;z-index:3;transition:right 1s}.tv-mobile #tv-box{position:fixed !important;top:51px;left:0;width:100%;background:#000;z-index:3;transition:right 1s,top .5s ease 0s}.down-scroll .tv-mobile #tv-box{top:0;transition:top .5s ease 0s}.tv-mobile #tv-box .tv{width:215px !important;height:121px;padding-bottom:0}.tv-mobile #tv-box .video-title{display:block;padding:20px 24px 19px 230px;font:400 13px/16px 'Lato',sans-serif}.tv-mobile #tv-box .video-title p{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:hidden}.tv-mobile .close-tv{top:8px;right:8px}.tv-mobile .show-close-button .close-tv{display:block}.tv-mobile .video-js .vjs-control-bar{height:35px}.tv-mobile .video-js .vjs-control-bar .vjs-button{width:2.2em}.tv-mobile .vjs-button>.vjs-icon-placeholder:before{font-size:1.8em}.tv-mobile .video-js .vjs-time-control{line-height:1.8em}.tv-mobile .video-js .vjs-progress-control{top:-23px}.tv-mobile .video-js .continue .continue-span{font-size:12px;margin-top:7px}.tv-mobile .video-js .vjs-big-play-button.continue{line-height:.7em;min-width:85px;height:50px}.tv-mobile .video-js.vjs-has-started .continue{margin-left:-1.7em}.tv-mobile .videojs-ad-wrap .ad-control-bar{height:37px}.tv-mobile .videojs-ad-wrap .ad-button{width:40px;height:34px;font-size:2em;line-height:1.4em}.tv-mobile .videojs-ad-wrap .ad-countdown{top:15px;font-size:.9em;left:42px}}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mid-message{padding:25px 0}.mid-message .image{width:100%;float:none;padding-bottom:10px}.mid-message .image img{width:100%}.mid-message h2{line-height:1.2em;padding-bottom:0}.mid-message p{margin-bottom:0}.newsletter-in-article input[type="submit"]{margin:5px 0 0 0;width:100%}.meet-ibt{padding:10px 0}#ibt-mobile-avf{display:block;width:100%;min-height:calc(100vw/1.66);padding-bottom:15px}#ibt-mobile-avf.disabled{display:none}#ibt-mobile-avf .o-video{position:absolute;width:100%;padding-bottom:56.25%;z-index:-1}#ibt-mobile-avf .o-video button{position:absolute;width:135px;height:63px;line-height:1em;left:50%;top:50%;margin:-33px 0 0 -67.5px;color:white;background:none;cursor:pointer}#ibt-mobile-avf .o-video button span{display:inline-block;margin:2px 0 0 10px;font:400 21px/120% 'Lato',sans-serif;vertical-align:top}#ibt-mobile-avf .video-spinner{position:absolute;left:calc(50% - 25px);top:calc(50% - 25px);display:inline-block;width:50px;height:50px}#ibt-mobile-avf .video-spinner:after{content:" ";display:block;width:38px;height:38px;border-radius:50%;border:6px solid #fff;border-color:rgba(43,51,63,.3) rgba(43,51,63,.5) rgba(200,200,200,.5) rgba(230,230,230,.7);animation:video-spinner 1.2s linear infinite}@keyframes video-spinner{0%{transform:rotate(0deg)}100%{transform:rotate(360deg)}}#ibt-mobile-avf .videocontent-wrapper,#ibt-mobile-avf .tv-in{background:none}}.filed-under{margin-top:20px}@media screen and (max-width:1100px){.page-top{display:none}}.block-ibtimes-article,.block-fusion-ads{clear:both}.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb span.category.blue{color:#6d787a;font-size:14px}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.category{font-size:27px;line-height:30px}.breadcrumb-wrapper .breadcrumb span.category.blue{font-size:18px}}.category{font:bold 20px/20px sans-serif;color:#f72210;margin-bottom:15px}.tnc{font-style:italic;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.8em;color:#666}.article-body .key-points ul,.article-body .key-points ol{margin:0}.story main .container-fluid{max-width:1188px}.article-header .subtitle{font:normal 18px/28px Arial,sans-serif}.article-body{font-family:Arial,sans-serif}.article-body blockquote p{font:normal 20px/30px Arial,sans-serif}.container-fluid,.container{max-width:1310px}body{font-family:Newsreader,serif;line-height:1.375;min-height:1500px}a{color:inherit}a:hover{text-decoration:none}main{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:30px}main .content-right .block{margin-bottom:20px}.most-tabs,.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav.most-tabs,.block-title{display:block;color:#005dd1;font-weight:bold;font-size:14px;font-family:"Josefin Sans",sans-serif;margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:15px;padding:0;position:relative;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1.5px}.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active a{font-weight:bold}#ibt-video-title{max-width:300px;margin:30px auto 0}h3{color:#222}.byline{font-size:13px}.summary{margin-top:16px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5714;font-family:Georgia,serif;color:#666}article a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.feature article{padding:18px 0;border-top:1px solid #eee}.feature article::before,.feature article::after{content:" ";display:table}.feature article::after{clear:both}.section-blocks{position:relative}.section-blocks .block-declaration{font-size:13px;color:#a5a5a5;font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif}@media screen and (max-width:539px){.section-blocks .block-declaration{margin-top:-17px;margin-bottom:17px}}@media screen and (min-width:540px){.section-blocks .block-declaration{position:absolute;right:0;top:20px}}.section-blocks .h2{font-size:22px;line-height:1.1818}.section-blocks .h3{font-size:17px;line-height:1.1765}.feature article .image{float:left;margin-right:15px;width:120px}@media(min-width:481px) and (max-width:767px){.feature article .image{width:134px}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.feature article .image{width:267px}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.section-blocks .feature article .image,.content-left .feature article .image{width:204px}}.feature article h3{font-size:20px}.section-blocks .summary{margin-top:6px}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.section-blocks .image.full-sm{margin:0 -15px}.l-section-block>li:first-child .heading{margin-top:15px}}@media screen and ((max-width:599px) or((min-width:768px) and (max-width:991px))){.l-section-block>li:nth-child(n+2){margin-top:20px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid #f0f0f0}.l-section-block>li:nth-child(n+2) article{display:flex}.l-section-block>li:nth-child(n+2) .image{width:160px;max-width:calc(50% - 7px);margin-right:15px;flex:0 0 auto}.l-section-block>li:nth-child(n+2) .heading{margin-top:0;flex:1 1 auto}}@media screen and (min-width:600px){@supports(flex-wrap:wrap){.l-section-block{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}}}@media screen and (min-width:600px) and (max-width:991px){.l-section-block>li:first-child{width:100%;flex:0 0 auto}.l-section-block>li:nth-child(n+2){width:calc(50% - 10px);margin-top:20px;flex:0 0 auto}.l-section-block>li:nth-child(2n+2){margin-right:20px}.blocks{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap}.blocks>div{width:calc(50% - 10px)}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.l-section-block-1>li:first-child article{display:flex;align-items:center}.l-section-block-1>li:first-child .image{width:60%;flex:0 0 auto;margin-right:15px}}@media screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991px){.l-section-block-2>li:first-child article{display:flex;align-items:center}.l-section-block-2>li:first-child .image{width:60%;flex:0 0 auto;margin-right:15px}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.l-section-block-1>li:first-child .image{width:50%}.l-section-block-1 li:first-child{width:calc((100% + 41px)*5/9 - 41px);flex:0 0 auto}.l-section-block-1 li:nth-child(n+2){width:calc((100% + 41px)*2/9 - 41px);margin-left:41px}.l-section-block-2 li:first-child{width:calc((100% + 41px)*4/9 - 41px);flex:0 0 auto}.l-section-block-2 li:nth-child(n+2){width:calc((100% + 41px)*2.5/9 - 41px);margin-left:41px}.l-section-block li:nth-child(n+2){position:relative}.l-section-block li:nth-child(n+2):before{content:'';position:absolute;left:-21px;top:0;bottom:0;border-right:1px solid #f0f0f0}.l-section-block-2 li:first-child article{position:relative;padding-bottom:0 !important}.l-section-block-2 li:first-child .image{width:100%;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;float:none}.l-section-block-2 li:first-child .heading{position:absolute;padding:20px;left:0;bottom:0;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;color:#fff;background:linear-gradient(to top,rgba(0,0,0,0.9),transparent)}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.section-blocks .featured:not(.full) article{display:flex;align-items:center}.section-blocks .featured .image{float:left;flex:0 0 auto;margin-right:17px;margin-bottom:4px;width:50%}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.section-blocks .featured.full{width:43.75% !important}.section-blocks .featured.full+div{width:56.25% !important}.section-blocks .featured article .image{width:50%}}.feature article h3{font-size:20px}.feature article.full{display:block;border-top:0;padding-top:0}.feature article.first{border-top:0;padding-top:0}.sticky-scroll .feature article.full .image{float:none;width:100%;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:12px}.sticky-scroll .feature article.full h3{font-size:26px;line-height:34px;font-family:Georgia,serif}.feature .related-items{font-size:15px;padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:5px}.feature .related-items li{padding-top:5px;padding-left:3px}.feature .related-items li::before{display:inline-block;content:"";background:#b1b1b1;width:5px;height:5px;margin-right:8px;margin-bottom:3px}.feature2 .image{margin-bottom:20px}.feature2 article{padding-bottom:10px}.feature2 article::before,.feature2 article::after{content:" ";display:table}.feature2 article::after{clear:both}.feature2 .related-items li{margin-top:10px;padding-top:10px;border-top:1px solid #eee;font-weight:bold;font-family:"Gotham Narrow",sans-serif}.feature3 article{padding:12px 0 10px;border-top:1px solid #eee}.feature3 article::before,.feature3 article::after{content:" ";display:table}.feature3 article::after{clear:both}.feature3 article .image{float:right;margin-left:15px;margin-bottom:4px;width:120px}@media(min-width:481px) and (max-width:767px){.feature3 article .image{width:134px}}@media(min-width:768px) and (max-width:991px){.feature3 article .image{width:204px}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.content-left .feature3 article .image{width:204px}}.feature3 article:first-of-type{display:block;border-top:0;padding-top:0}.sticky-scroll .feature3 article:first-of-type .image{float:none;width:100%;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:12px}.feature4{padding-bottom:15px}.feature4 .image a{position:relative}.feature4 .image a::before,.feature4 .image a::after{-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%);content:"";display:block;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%}.feature4 .image a::before{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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');background-size:100%;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,0% 0,100% 100%,color-stop(0%,rgba(0,0,0,.1)),color-stop(60%,rgba(0,0,0,.8)),color-stop(90%,rgba(0,0,0,.6)));background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(left,rgba(0,0,0,.1) 0,rgba(0,0,0,.8) 60%,rgba(0,0,0,.6) 90%);background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(left,rgba(0,0,0,.1) 0,rgba(0,0,0,.8) 60%,rgba(0,0,0,.6) 90%);background-image:linear-gradient(to right bottom,rgba(0,0,0,.1) 0,rgba(0,0,0,.8) 60%,rgba(0,0,0,.6) 90%);-moz-border-radius:50%;-webkit-border-radius:50%;border-radius:50%;width:35px;height:35px;z-index:1}.feature4 .image a::after{content:"\f452";font-size:20px;font-family:"Genericons";color:white;z-index:2}.feature4 .large{position:relative}.feature4 .large h3{font-size:18px;padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:20px}.feature4 .large .image{position:relative;padding-bottom:3px}.feature4 .large .image::before{content:"";display:block;height:3px;*zoom:1;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(gradientType=1,startColorstr='#FF2EA4BF',endColorstr='#FF080057');background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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');background-size:100%;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,0% 50%,100% 50%,color-stop(0%,#2ea4bf),color-stop(20%,#3ca1da),color-stop(48%,#4b9ffa),color-stop(75%,#4b5fb1),color-stop(100%,#080057));background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(left,#2ea4bf 0,#3ca1da 20%,#4b9ffa 48%,#4b5fb1 75%,#080057 100%);background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(left,#2ea4bf 0,#3ca1da 20%,#4b9ffa 48%,#4b5fb1 75%,#080057 100%);background-image:linear-gradient(to right,#2ea4bf 0,#3ca1da 20%,#4b9ffa 48%,#4b5fb1 75%,#080057 100%);position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;right:0}.feature4 .large .image a::before{width:66px;height:66px}.feature4 .large .image a::after{font-size:38px}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.feature4 .large .image a{padding-bottom:56.25%;overflow:hidden}.feature4 .large .image a img{-moz-transform:translate(0%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(0%,-50%);-webkit-transform:translate(0%,-50%);transform:translate(0%,-50%);position:absolute;top:50%;left:0;right:0}}.feature4 .small{margin-bottom:15px}.feature4 .small::before,.feature4 .small::after{content:" ";display:table}.feature4 .small::after{clear:both}.feature4 .small .image{float:left;width:139px;margin-right:15px}.feature4 .small h3{font-size:16px;color:#444}.feature4 .medium .image a::before{width:53px;height:54px}.feature4 .medium .image a::after{font-size:32px}.feature4 .medium h3{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:45px}.above-fold{margin-bottom:30px}@media screen and (max-width:599px){.above-fold .block-title{margin-top:30px}.above-fold .top-story .block-title{margin-top:0;padding-top:0}.above-fold .top-story .block-title:before{display:none}.above-fold .top-story .heading{margin-top:15px}.above-fold .image.full-sm{margin:0 -15px}}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.above-fold .block-title{margin-top:0;padding-top:0}.above-fold .block-title:before{display:none}.latest-news-block{margin-top:25px;padding-top:25px;border-top:1px solid #e4e4e4;align-items:flex-start}.top-story article,.latest-news-block{display:flex}.top-story .image,.latest-news-block .more-news{width:calc((100% + 41px)*3/5 - 41px);flex:0 0 auto;order:2}.top-story .txt,.latest-news-block .latest-news{flex:1 1 auto;order:1}.top-story .image{margin-left:20px}.latest-news-block .more-news{margin-left:41px;position:sticky;top:50px}.latest-news-block .more-news:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:-21px;top:0;height:100%;border-left:1px solid #e4e4e4}.above-fold .latest-news{display:flex;flex-direction:column;position:sticky;top:50px}.above-fold .ul-timeline{flex:1 1 auto}.crypto-block .main{width:calc((100% + 41px)*3/5 - 41px)}.crypto-block .crypto{width:calc((100% + 41px)*2/5 - 41px)}}@media screen and (min-width:600px) and (max-width:991px){.above-fold .aside{display:flex;margin-top:25px;padding-top:25px;border-top:1px solid #e4e4e4}.above-fold .bottom-line,.above-fold .economy-focus{width:calc(50% - 20px);flex:0 0 auto}.above-fold .bottom-line{margin-right:41px;position:relative}.above-fold .bottom-line:after{content:'';position:absolute;right:-21px;top:0;height:100%;border-right:1px solid #e4e4e4}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.above-fold{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;margin-top:10px}.above-fold .main{width:calc((100% + 41px)*5/7 - 41px);margin-right:41px;flex:0 0 auto;position:sticky;top:50px;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.above-fold .latest-news-block{flex:1 1 auto}.above-fold .main:after{content:'';position:absolute;top:0;right:-21px;height:100%;border-right:1px solid #dedede}.above-fold .aside{flex:1 1 auto;position:sticky;top:50px}.above-fold .aside>:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:50px}}.section-blocks:last-child{margin-bottom:40px}.block-title{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:20px}.block-title.default{color:#000}.block-title.alert{color:#c31233}.block-title:not(.noborder){margin-top:30px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid #e4e4e4}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.block-title{position:relative;padding-top:30px;border-top:0;color:#000}.block-title:before{content:'';width:100vw;position:absolute;left:-15px;top:-5px;height:4px;background:#f2f2f2;border-top:1px solid #e7e7e7}}@media screen and (max-width:991px){.section-blocks .gallery4>li:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:20px;padding-bottom:20px;border-bottom:1px solid #e4e4e4}.section-blocks .gallery4 article{display:flex}.section-blocks .gallery4 .image{flex:0 0 auto;width:47%;margin-right:15px}}@media screen and (max-width:499px){.section-blocks .gallery4-full-sm article{display:block}.section-blocks .gallery4-full-sm .image{width:100%;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:20px}}@media screen and (min-width:640px){.section-blocks .gallery4{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}}@media screen and (min-width:640px) and (max-width:991px){.section-blocks .gallery4>li{width:50%;box-sizing:border-box;padding-right:10px;flex:0 0 auto}.section-blocks .gallery4>li:nth-last-child(2){margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;border-bottom:0}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.section-blocks .gallery4>li{width:calc(25% - 31px);flex:0 0 auto;box-sizing:border-box}.section-blocks .gallery4>li:not(:last-child){margin-right:41px;position:relative}.section-blocks .gallery4>li:not(:last-child):after{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;top:0;right:-20px;height:100%;border-right:1px solid #e4e4e4}.section-blocks .gallery4 .image{margin-bottom:20px}}.section-blocks .feature article{border-top:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:22px}.section-blocks .feature .related-items{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:15px;margin-top:-13px}.section-blocks .row{margin-left:-25px;margin-right:-25px}.section-blocks .row>div{padding-left:25px;padding-right:25px}.section-blocks .feature2 .row>div{border-left:1px solid #e4e4e4}.section-blocks .feature2 article{padding-bottom:22px}@media screen and (max-width:991px){.section-blocks>.row{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column}.section-blocks .featured2 article:after{content:'';display:table;clear:both}.section-blocks .featured2 .image{float:left;margin-right:20px;margin-bottom:4px;width:50%}.section-blocks>.row .feature2{-webkit-order:1;order:1}.section-blocks>.row .feature{-webkit-order:2;order:2}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.section-blocks .feature2 article::before,.section-blocks .feature2 article::after{content:" ";display:table}.section-blocks .feature2 article::after{clear:both}}@media screen and (max-width:500px){.section-blocks .featured2 .image{margin-right:15px;width:50%}}@media screen and (max-width:767px) and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:767px){.section-blocks .feature2 article .image{width:134px}}@media screen and (max-width:767px) and (min-width:768px){.section-blocks .feature2 article .image{width:204px}}@media screen and (max-width:767px) and (min-width:992px){.section-blocks .section-blocks .feature2 article .image,.content-left .section-blocks .feature2 article .image{width:204px}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.section-blocks .row{display:flex}.section-blocks .featured2{display:flex}}.ul-dots{margin-top:17px}.ul-dots li{padding-left:18px;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;font-family:Lora,serif;position:relative}.ul-dots li:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:5px}.ul-dots li:before{display:inline-block;content:"";width:6px;height:6px;margin-bottom:3px;border-radius:50%;background:#6a6a6a;position:absolute;left:0;top:.5em;margin-top:-2px}.ul-plain{margin-top:20px}.ul-plain li{padding:10px 0;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;font-family:Lora,serif;border-top:1px solid #f4f4f4}.ul-plain li:last-child{padding-bottom:0}.ul-timeline{padding-left:31px;position:relative}.ul-timeline:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:2px;top:0;bottom:0;border-right:2px solid #dedede}.ul-timeline>li{position:relative}.ul-timeline>li:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:30px}.ul-timeline>li:before{content:'';display:inline-block;width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:50%;background:#c31233;border:4px solid #fff;border-width:4px 0;position:absolute;left:-31px;top:0}.ibt-spotlight,.ibt-fast-start{padding:20px}.ibt-spotlight h2,.ibt-fast-start h2{margin-bottom:10px;font-size:19px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Josefin Sans',sans-serif;white-space:nowrap}.ibt-spotlight p,.ibt-fast-start p{margin-bottom:15px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.3846;color:#555;font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif}.ibt-spotlight img,.ibt-fast-start img{float:right;margin-left:10px;margin-bottom:10px}.ibt-spotlight:after,.ibt-fast-start:after{content:'';display:table;clear:both}.ibt-spotlight{background:#f2f8fc}.ibt-spotlight .btn{display:inline-block;padding:10px 20px;font-size:15px;font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;background:#0a65bf}.ibt-fast-start{background:#f5f5f5}.ibt-fast-start form{display:flex}.ibt-fast-start input,.ibt-fast-start button{padding:7px}.ibt-fast-start input{border:1px solid #d0d0d0;border-right:0;flex:1 1 auto}.ibt-fast-start button{flex:1 0 auto;padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11px;font-family:'Josefin Sans',sans-serif;color:#fff;background:#af893d}.crypto-block .more-news:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:50px}.crypto-block .more-news .block-title{color:#000}.more-news li.item{clear:both}.more-news li.item:nth-child(n+2){margin-top:20px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid #f0f0f0}.more-news li.item:nth-child(n+2) .image{width:162px;float:left;max-width:50%;margin-right:15px}.more-news li.item:nth-child(n+2) .heading{margin-top:0}.editors-picks .splide__arrows{position:absolute;right:-8px;top:-15px;display:flex}.editors-picks .splide__arrow{position:static;transform:translateY(-100%);padding:5px 8px;height:auto;width:auto;background:none;border-radius:0}.crypto-block .crypto .related-items li{margin-top:20px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid #f0f0f0}.crypto-block .crypto .related-items article:after{content:'';display:table;clear:both}.crypto-block .crypto .related-items .image{width:140px;float:right;margin-left:15px;max-width:50%}.crypto-block .crypto .related-items .heading{margin-top:0}.heading{font-family:Newsreader,serif;line-height:1.2}.heading:not(:first-child){margin-top:15px}.heading.fz15{font-size:15px}.heading.fz16{font-size:16px}.heading.fz17{font-size:17px}.heading.fz18{font-size:18px}.heading.fz19{font-size:19px}.heading.fz20{font-size:20px}.heading.fz22{font-size:22px}.heading.fz27{font-size:27px}.heading.fz28{font-size:28px}.crypto-block .aside .ul-sponsored article{margin-bottom:30px}@media screen and (max-width:599px){.crypto-block .image.full-sm{margin:0 -15px}.crypto-block .image.full-sm .image-tag{padding-left:15px}.crypto-block .crypto .related-items{position:relative;padding-bottom:25px}.crypto-block .crypto .related-items:after{content:'';position:absolute;bottom:0;left:-15px;width:100vw;height:4px;background:#f2f2f2;border-top:1px solid #e7e7e7}.crypto-block .aside .ul-sponsored{margin-top:30px}.ibt-spotlight,.ibt-fast-start{position:relative;margin:0 -15px}.ibt-spotlight{padding-top:25px;padding-bottom:25px}.ibt-fast-start{padding-top:30px;padding-bottom:35px}.ibt-spotlight:before,.ibt-fast-start:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:4px;background:#f2f2f2;border-top:1px solid #e7e7e7}.ibt-spotlight:not(:last-child),.ibt-fast-start:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:23px}}@media screen and (min-width:600px){@supports(flex-wrap:wrap){.crypto-block{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-start}}.left-block{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-start;position:relative;width:100%;padding-bottom:25px}.left-block:after{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;right:-20px;top:0;height:100%;border-right:1px solid #dedede}.crypto-block .block-title{margin-top:0;padding-top:0;border-top:0}.crypto-block .crypto{position:relative;order:1;margin-right:41px}.crypto-block .crypto:after{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;right:-20px;top:0;height:100%;border-right:1px solid #dedede}.crypto-block .main{order:2;position:sticky;top:50px}.crypto-block .left-block .crypto{position:sticky;top:50px}.crypto-block .crypto .related-items:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:50px}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.left-block{width:calc((100% + 41px)*5/7 - 41px);margin-right:41px;flex:0 0 auto;position:sticky;top:50px}.crypto-block .aside{position:sticky;top:50px}}.crypto-block .aside:after{border:0}@media screen and (min-width:600px) and (max-width:991px){.crypto-block .block-title:before{display:none}.crypto-block .aside{width:100%;margin-top:20px;padding-top:25px;position:relative}.crypto-block .aside:before{content:'';width:100vw;position:absolute;left:-15px;top:0;height:4px;background:#f2f2f2;border-top:1px solid #e7e7e7}.crypto-block .aside .ul-sponsored,.crypto-block .aside .cont-block{display:flex}.crypto-block .aside .ul-sponsored li,.crypto-block .aside .content,.ibt-spotlight,.ibt-fast-start{width:calc(50% - 10px)}.crypto-block .aside .ul-sponsored li:first-child,.crypto-block .aside .cont-block .content:first-child{margin-right:20px}.ibt-blocks{display:flex}.ibt-spotlight{margin-right:20px;margin-bottom:0}}@media screen and (min-width:992px) and (max-width:1159px){.ibt-spotlight img{position:relative;top:20px;max-width:40%}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.more-news li.item:first-child .image{width:50%;float:right;margin-left:10px}.more-news li.item:first-child .heading{margin-top:0}.ibt-spotlight:not(:last-child),.ibt-fast-start:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:23px}.crypto-block .main:after{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;right:-20px;top:0;height:100%;border-right:1px solid #dedede}.crypto-block .aside{width:calc((100% + 41px)*2/7 - 41px)}.crypto-block .aside .content:not(:first-child){margin-top:40px}}.ibt-video .h3{font-size:14px;line-height:1.4286;font-family:Lora,serif}.ibt-video a{cursor:pointer}.image.has-tag{position:relative}.image.has-tag img{display:block}.image.has-tag .image-tag{position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;display:block;padding:7px 7px 0 0;line-height:1;letter-spacing:.1em;background:#fff}.image.has-tag .alert{color:#c50d4e;font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Josefin Sans',sans-serif}.image.has-tag time{font-size:11px;font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif}.image.has-tag time:before{content:'';display:inline-block;width:0;height:0;vertical-align:middle;border:0 solid transparent;border-width:5px 0;border-left:9px solid;margin-right:7px}.image.has-tag time.sm:before{border-width:4px 0;border-left-width:8px}.ibt-video .primary .h2{font-size:28px;line-height:1.2857;font-family:Lora,serif}.ibt-video .primary .summary{color:#555}.ibt-video .primary:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:20px;padding-bottom:20px;border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0}@media screen and (max-width:559px){.ibt-video .block-title{margin-top:0}.ibt-video .videos{padding-bottom:30px}.ibt-video .videos article{display:flex}.ibt-video .videos>li:not(:first-child):not(:empty){margin-top:20px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid #f0f0f0}.ibt-video .videos .image{width:calc(50% - 10px);margin-right:20px;flex:0 0 auto}.ibt-video .videos .txt{flex:1 1 auto}}@media screen and (min-width:560px){@supports(flex-wrap:wrap){.ibt-video .videos{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-20px;margin-bottom:-20px}}.ibt-video .videos>li{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:144px;margin-right:20px;flex:1 1 auto;max-width:calc(50% - 20px)}.ibt-video .videos>li:not(:empty){margin-bottom:20px}.ibt-video .videos .image{margin-bottom:17px}}@media screen and (max-width:639px){.ibt-video .image.full-sm{margin:0 -15px 25px}.ibt-video .image.full-sm time{padding-left:15px !important}}@media screen and (min-width:640px){.ibt-video .primary{display:flex;align-items:center}.ibt-video .primary .image{flex:0 0 auto;width:calc((100% + 20px)*3/5 - 20px);margin-right:20px}.ibt-video .primary .txt{flex:1 1 auto}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.page-video-block{display:flex}.page-video-block:not(:first-child){margin-top:30px;padding-top:30px;border-top:1px solid #e4e4e4}.page-video-block>div{flex:1 1 auto}.page-video-block>div:first-child{flex:0 0 auto;width:calc((100% + 41px)*5/7 - 41px);margin-right:41px;position:relative}.page-video-block>div:first-child:after{content:'';position:absolute;right:-21px;top:15px;bottom:0;border-right:1px solid #dedede}.page-video-block .block-title{margin-top:0;padding-top:0;border-top:0}}.most-popular-list{padding-bottom:14px}.most-popular-list li{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px}.most-popular-list li:after{content:" ";display:table;clear:both}.most-popular-list li:first-child{border-top-width:0}.most-popular-list li .item-number{-webkit-flex:none;flex:none;-webkit-order:1;order:1;width:30px;font-weight:bold;font-size:20px;font-family:"DM Sans",sans-serif;color:black}.most-popular-list li .item-link{-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;-webkit-order:2;order:2;font-size:15px;line-height:1.333;font-weight:bold;font-family:Lora,serif}.most-popular-list li .item-link a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.most-popular-list li .item-image{-webkit-order:3;order:3;-webkit-flex:none;flex:none;margin-left:10px;width:85px;height:85px;overflow:hidden;position:relative}.most-popular-list li .item-image img{-moz-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%);position:absolute;top:0;left:50%;height:100%;width:auto;max-width:inherit}@media screen and (min-width:560px) and (max-width:991px){@supports(flex-wrap:wrap){.most-popular-list{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.most-popular-list li{width:calc(50% - 10px)}.most-popular-list li:nth-child(odd){margin-right:20px}.most-popular-list li:first-child{border-top-width:1px}}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.most-popular-list{padding-bottom:0}.most-popular-list li:last-child{padding-bottom:0}}.page-footer{font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}.page-header{position:relative;background-color:white;font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif}.page-header,.page-nav,.page-edition{font-size:13px;line-height:16px}.page-header .menu,.page-nav .menu,.page-edition .menu{font-weight:500;font-size:14px}.page-header .menu a,.page-edition .menu a{padding:12px 15px;display:block}.page-nav .menu a,.page-nav .item{padding:12px 15px}.page-header .menu a:hover,.page-nav .menu a:hover,.page-edition .menu a:hover{background-color:black;color:white}.page-nav .menu{padding:12px 0}.page-edition{font-family:"Gotham Narrow",sans-serif;color:#080808;-moz-transition:all .3s ease;-o-transition:all .3s ease;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;transition:all .3s ease;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;position:absolute;z-index:1;right:0;width:30%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);overflow-y:auto}.page-header .top{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.page-header .bottom{border-bottom:3px solid black}.page-header time{display:inline-block;text-transform:uppercase;color:#868686;margin-right:15px}.page-header>div{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.page-header .genericon{padding:10px 0}.page-header .logo,.page-header .logo-beta{flex:1}.page-header .logo-sm a,.page-header .logo a{display:block;margin:0 auto}.page-header .logo-sm a{background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/ibt-logo-2023-sm.svg) center/contain no-repeat;width:53px;height:26px}.page-header .logo-sm-beta a,.page-header .logo-beta a{background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/logo-sm-beta.svg) center/contain no-repeat;display:block;width:58px;height:22px;margin:0 auto}.page-header .logo-sm a,.page-header .logo-sm-beta a,.bottom .subscribe-btn a{display:none}.page-header .genericon::before{content:"";width:20px;height:20px;display:block;background-position:center;background-size:contain;background-repeat:no-repeat}.page-header .genericon-menu::before{background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/icon_menu.svg)}.showMenu .page-header .genericon-menu::before{background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/icon_close.svg?1);background-size:14px}.page-header .genericon-search::before{background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/icon_search.svg)}.icon-search{background:#fff url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/icon_search.svg) no-repeat left top/contain;width:20px;height:20px;margin-right:15px;cursor:pointer}.search-form{border:1px solid #eee;border-radius:20px;padding:15px 15px}.search-form .form-text{width:70%}.showSearch .page-header .genericon-search::before{background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/icon_close.svg?1);background-size:14px}.topic-block{text-align:center;padding:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.toggle-button2{display:inline-block;color:#005dd1;font-weight:bold;margin-right:14px}.toggle-content2{display:inline-block;font-size:14px}.toggle-content2 li{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px !important}.page-header .top .subscribe-btn{position:absolute;right:0}.page-header .subscribe-btn a{display:inline-block;padding:8px 10px 6px;background-color:black;color:white;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:1px;text-align:center;margin-left:15px}.page-header .top .subscribe-btn a{position:relative;right:50px}.page-header .bottom .subscribe-btn a{position:relative;right:40px;display:none}.page-header .subscribe-btn .sign-up{word-spacing:-4px}.page-header .menu{display:flex;color:#080808}.page-header label{display:inline-block;color:#222;cursor:pointer;margin-left:15px}.page-header .logo{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);width:75%;height:26px;max-width:calc(100% - 76px);text-align:center}.page-header .logo a{position:relative;display:inline-block;left:-3%;width:100%;max-width:600px}.page-header .logo a .logo_text{display:inline-block;width:100%;height:26px;text-indent:-1500px;overflow:hidden;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/ibt-logo-2023.svg) left center/100% no-repeat}.page-header .logo a .edition{position:absolute;top:-2px;right:-20px;font-size:.85em;font-family:sans-serif;font-weight:bold;text-transform:uppercase;padding-left:3px}.page-header .login-btn{position:absolute;top:26px;right:6px;width:30px;cursor:pointer}.page-header .bottom .login-btn{display:none;top:7px;right:12px}.page-header .login-btn .myaccount{display:none}.page-header .login-btn ul{width:200px;border:1px solid #ccc;position:absolute;top:38px;right:0;background:#fff;z-index:99999999;display:none}.page-header .login-btn li{padding:10px}.page-header .login-btn li a{display:block}.fixed-header{padding-top:124px}.fixed-header{.page-header{position:fixed;z-index:101;top:0;left:0;right:0;transition:top .5s}.page-header{.btn-edition,time{display:none}.bottom .subscribe-btn a,.bottom .login-btn{display:block}}.logo-sm a,.logo-sm-beta a{text-indent:-200px;overflow:hidden;display:block}}.fixed-header.down-scroll:not(.video-primis) .page-header{top:-43px;transition:top .5s}@media screen and (max-width:375px){.page-header .genericon::before{width:14px;height:14px}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.page-header .top>div{height:80px}.page-header .logo-beta a{width:500px;height:33px;background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/logo-md-beta.svg)}.page-header .genericon{padding:10px}.page-header .genericon-menu{margin-left:-10px}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.page-header .top>div{position:relative}.page-header .genericon{padding:10px 15px}.page-header .genericon-menu{margin-left:-15px}}@media screen and (min-width:1160px){.page-header .logo a{width:600px}}@media screen and (min-width:1220px){.fixed-header{.page-header .top{display:none}.bottom .subscribe-btn a{display:block}}}@media screen and (max-width:1374px){.page-header{time{display:none}}}@media screen and (max-width:1235px){.page-header{.btn-edition{display:none}}}@media screen and (max-width:1219px){.fixed-header{padding-top:81px}.fixed-header .block-sticky{top:81px}.fixed-header.down-scroll:not(.video-primis) .page-header{top:-81px;transition:top .5s}.page-header .bottom,.topic-block{display:none}}@media screen and (max-width:991px){.page-header .top>div{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.page-header .subscribe-btn .newsletter{display:none}.page-header .subscribe-btn .sign-up{word-spacing:normal}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.fixed-header{padding-top:51px}.fixed-header .block-sticky{top:51px}.fixed-header.down-scroll:not(.video-primis) .page-header{top:-51px;transition:top .5s}.page-header .top>div{padding:12px 0;justify-content:start;align-items:center}.page-header .genericon{padding:0 15px;margin-left:-15px}.page-header .subscribe-btn{display:none}.page-header .login-btn{top:12px}.page-header .logo{position:static;transform:none;width:100%;max-width:83%;line-height:20px}.page-header .logo a{max-width:90%}}.page-nav{font-family:"DM Sans",sans-serif;color:#080808;-moz-transition:all .3s ease;-o-transition:all .3s ease;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;transition:all .3s ease;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;width:100%;background:#fff;overflow-y:auto}.page-nav .menu{display:block;background-color:white}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.page-nav .menu{column-count:2;column-gap:0}}.page-nav .menu a,.page-nav .item{display:block;line-height:24px}.page-nav .toggle-content ul.menu li.leaf{color:#313131}.page-nav .search-form{border:0;border-radius:0;border-bottom:3px solid #000;background:#fff}.page-nav .search-form .form-text{flex:1 1 auto}.page-nav .search-form .icon-search{order:2;margin-right:0;width:16px;height:16px}.page-nav .newsletter{background:#fff;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5}.showMenu .page-nav{opacity:1;visibility:visible;position:fixed;z-index:200}.showEdition .page-edition{opacity:1;visibility:visible;position:fixed}.page-edition .toggle-active{background-color:black;color:white;cursor:pointer;font-weight:normal;font-size:15px;line-height:24px;padding:12px 15px;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5}.editions .toggle-active::before{content:"\f475";font-family:"Genericons";display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-size:20px;margin-right:15px}@media(min-width:768px){.page-nav{top:81px;max-width:400px;box-shadow:3px 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);height:calc(100vh - 81px)}.page-nav .follow-us{border-bottom:0}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.page-nav{top:51px;height:calc(100vh - 51px)}.page-header .genericon-search{display:none}}.follow-us{background-color:white;border-bottom:3px solid black;text-align:center;font-weight:normal;font-size:15px;line-height:24px;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5;padding-top:29px}.follow-us-title{text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:500;font-size:11px;color:#555}.follow-us-links{padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:32px}.follow-us-links a{width:30px;height:30px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;color:#121212;position:relative}.toggle{background-color:white}.toggle-button{cursor:pointer;font-weight:normal;font-size:15px;line-height:24px;padding:12px 15px;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5}.expand .toggle-button,.toggle-button:hover{background-color:black;color:white}.toggle-button::after{content:"\f431";font-family:"Genericons";display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-size:20px;float:right}.editions .toggle-button::before{content:"\f475";font-family:"Genericons";display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-size:20px;margin-right:15px}.expand .toggle-button::after{content:"\f432"}.page-nav .toggle-content{display:none}.page-nav .expand .toggle-content{display:block}.featured .toggle-content{color:#3e3e3e;font:15px/24px "Roboto",sans-serif;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5;padding:12px 15px}.featured .toggle-content a:hover{color:black}.newsletter .mail::before{content:"\f410";font-family:"Genericons";display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-size:20px;margin-right:15px}.follow-us-links a svg{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transition:color .2s}.follow-us-links a::before{font-family:"Genericons";font-size:18px}.follow-us-links a svg{width:14px;height:14px}.follow-us-links a.facebook:hover{color:#3b5998}.follow-us-links a.twitter:hover{color:#1da1f2}.follow-us-links a.instagram:hover{color:#405de6}.follow-us-links a.linkedin:hover{color:#0077b5}.follow-us-links a.telegram:hover{color:#26a5e5}.fg-1{flex-grow:1}.follow-us-links .fg-1{text-align:center;max-width:66px}.search{position:absolute;z-index:1;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);right:0;height:40px}.search form{-moz-transition:all .3s ease;-o-transition:all .3s ease;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;transition:all .3s ease;position:absolute;right:70px;z-index:1;top:0;width:0;overflow:hidden}.search form input{height:40px}.showSearch .search{left:70px}.showSearch .search form{width:calc(100% - 70px)}.search form>div{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;background:#fff;width:100%}.search form>div .form-item{width:100%;margin:0}.search form>div .form-item .form-text{font-size:14px;width:100%}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.search form>div .form-item .form-text{text-indent:15px}}.search form>div .form-actions{width:40px;height:40px;position:relative;margin:0}.search form>div .form-actions::before{display:block;content:"\f400";font:26px/40px "Genericons";width:40px;height:40px;text-align:center;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;background-color:black;color:white}.search form>div .form-actions .form-submit{width:40px;cursor:pointer;position:relative;background-color:transparent}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.search{top:calc(100% + 23px)}.showSearch .search{left:0}}.tabs.primary{display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.tabs.primary li{border:1px solid transparent;margin-bottom:-1px}.tabs.primary li a{display:block;padding:5px 10px}.tabs.primary li.active{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Gotham Narrow",sans-serif;border-color:#eee;border-bottom-color:white}.searchform{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:.3s;z-index:1}.showSearch .searchform{opacity:1;visibility:visible}.searchform>div{background-color:white}.searchform input[type="text"]{width:100%;height:80px;color:black;font-size:18px}.searchform input[type="submit"]{position:absolute;top:0;right:0}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.searchform{bottom:3px}.searchform input[type="text"]{height:40px;font-size:15px}}@media screen and (max-width:991px){.searchform{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);height:100vh}}.item-list ul.pagination{border-top:1px solid #eee;margin-top:30px;padding-top:30px;margin:10px 0;text-align:center;font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif;font-size:14px}.item-list ul.pagination li{display:inline-block;margin:0 7px}.item-list ul.pagination li a{display:block;min-width:20px;height:20px;line-height:20px;border-width:0;border-radius:100px;text-transform:uppercase}.item-list ul.pagination li a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.item-list ul.pagination li.pager-item a{color:#000}.item-list ul.pagination li.pager-current{width:20px;height:20px;line-height:20px;text-align:center;color:#fff;background:#000;font-weight:bold;border-radius:100px}.countdown_wrap{border-top:1px solid #ddd;font-weight:bold;line-height:24px;font-family:"Gotham Narrow",sans-serif;position:relative;max-width:300px;margin:35px auto 40px}.countdown_wrap::before{content:"";display:block;height:5px;background-color:#f9f9f9;position:absolute;top:0;left:1px;right:1px}.countdown_wrap header{padding-top:15px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:16px;border-left:1px solid #ddd;border-right:1px solid #ddd}.countdown_wrap .box-title{font-size:15px;text-transform:uppercase;color:#676767;letter-spacing:1.5px;margin-bottom:4px}.countdown_wrap .title{font-size:18px;color:black}.countdown_wrap iframe{vertical-align:middle}.scroll-top{-moz-transition:all .3s ease;-o-transition:all .3s ease;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;transition:all .3s ease;width:50px;height:51px;position:fixed;z-index:1000;right:10px;bottom:10px;display:block;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/totop.png) center/contain no-repeat;cursor:pointer;filter:alpha(opacity=0);opacity:0;visibility:hidden}.scroll-top.show{filter:alpha(opacity=70);opacity:.7;visibility:visible}.pf{font-weight:500;font-size:13px;line-height:1.2;color:#333;background:#fafafa;border-top:1px solid #ccc;border-bottom:2px solid}.pf a:hover{opacity:.8}.pf .logo{margin-bottom:35px}.pf .logo a{display:inline-block;width:100%;max-width:374px;height:21px}.pf .logo a:hover{opacity:1}.pf h2{display:none}.pf .title{font-family:'Josefin Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;text-transform:uppercase;padding-bottom:18px}.pf-top{text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #333;padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:35px}.pf-top .social a{display:inline-block;width:36px;height:36px;border:2px solid white;font-size:16px;line-height:32px;border-radius:50%;margin-left:6px;margin-right:6px}.pf-middle li a{display:block;padding:8px 0}.pf-middle li button{cursor:pointer;display:block;padding:8px 0;background:none;color:#333}ul li.subleaf{padding-left:10px}.pf-bottom{text-align:center;color:#999;padding-top:30px;padding-bottom:30px}@media(min-width:768px){.pf-bottom{text-align:right;padding:0;position:relative}.pf-bottom>.container-fluid{position:relative}.pf-bottom .logo-block{transform:translate(0,-50%);right:15px}}.footer-list-follow-us a>span,.footer-list-follow-us svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.footer-list-follow-us a>.icon{margin-right:1em;min-width:12px;text-align:center}.page-footer .copyright{font-size:11px;margin-top:7px}@media(min-width:768px){.pf .logo a{max-width:450px;height:25px}.pf-top .social a{width:41px;height:41px;line-height:37px;margin-left:15px;margin-right:15px}.pf-middle{position:relative;padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:40px}.pf-middle::before{content:"";display:block;opacity:.09;max-width:1280px;margin:0 auto;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;right:0}.pf-middle>div{position:relative}}@media(max-width:767px){.pf-middle ul:not(.footer-list-follow-us){column-count:3;column-gap:0}}@media(max-width:499px){.pf-middle ul:not(.footer-list-follow-us){column-count:2}}@media(max-width:767px){.pf-middle .container-fluid{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.pf-middle .container-fluid>div{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.pf-middle ul{padding-left:15px}.pf-middle ul li{display:none}.pf .title{padding:15px;line-height:1;font-weight:normal;cursor:pointer}.pf .title::before{float:right;content:"";display:block;width:8px;height:8px;border-bottom:1px solid #333;border-right:1px solid #333;-webkit-transform:rotate(45deg);-moz-transform:rotate(45deg);-o-transform:rotate(45deg);-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);transform:rotate(45deg);margin-right:10px}.pf .expand ul li{display:block}.pf .expand ul{padding-bottom:25px}.pf .expand .title::before{-webkit-transform:rotate(-135deg);-moz-transform:rotate(-135deg);-o-transform:rotate(-135deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-135deg);transform:rotate(-135deg)}.footer-follow-us{display:flex;align-items:center}.footer-follow-us .title,.footer-follow-us .menu,.footer-follow-us li{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.footer-follow-us .title{flex:1 1 auto}.footer-follow-us .title:before{display:none}.footer-follow-us .menu{margin-right:10px}.footer-follow-us li.leaf{padding-top:0}.footer-follow-us .txt{display:none}.footer-follow-us a>.icon{margin-right:0;padding:5px 15px}}#SIGNIN{position:fixed;z-index:10001 !important;top:0 !important;left:0 !important;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.7) !important;-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(2px) !important;backdrop-filter:blur(2px) !important;font:14px/20px "Helvetica",sans-serif !important;color:#333 !important;height:100vh;width:100vw;overflow-y:scroll;padding-bottom:20px}#SIGNIN .nw-login{position:relative;margin:auto;max-width:525px;width:96%;z-index:99999999}.login-popup{margin-top:30px;border-radius:7px;padding:10px;background:#fff}.login-popup iframe{width:100%}.sponsored-block,.pro-block{position:relative;margin-top:15px}.sponsored-block .image-text,.pro-block .image-text{position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;text-align:center;background-color:#c50058;font-family:"Gotham Narrow",sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:4px;color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;text-transform:uppercase}.sponsored-block .image-text a,.pro-block .image-text a{text-decoration:none}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(2) article{content:'';display:table;clear:both}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(2) .image{float:right;width:160px;max-width:50%;margin-top:16px;margin-left:15px}@media(max-width:599px){.section-above-fold .image.full-sm{margin:0 -15px}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(2) article{margin-top:25px;padding-top:25px;border-top:1px solid #e2e2e2}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(n+3){margin-top:30px}.section-blocks .l-section-block li{margin-bottom:20px}.section-blocks .gallery4{margin-top:30px}}@media(min-width:600px){@supports(flex-wrap:wrap){.section-above-fold{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}}.section-above-fold>div:first-child{order:2}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(3){order:3}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(2) article:nth-child(n+2){margin-top:20px}}@media(min-width:600px) and (max-width:859px){.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(2) .image{display:none}}@media(min-width:600px) and (max-width:991px){.section-above-fold>div:first-child{width:calc((100% + 20px)*3/5 - 20px);flex:0 0 auto;margin-left:20px}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(2){width:calc((100% + 20px)*2/5 - 20px)}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(n+3){width:100%;margin-top:25px;padding-top:25px;border-top:1px solid #e2e2e2}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(n+3) .image{width:calc(50% - 10px);margin-right:20px;flex:0 0 auto;float:left}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(n+3) article~*{overflow:hidden}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(n+3) .heading{margin-top:0}}@media(min-width:992px){.section-above-fold>div:first-child{width:calc((100% + 41px)*3/7 - 41px);flex:0 0 auto}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(n+2){width:calc((100% + 41px)*2/7 - 41px)}.section-above-fold>div:nth-last-child(n+2){position:relative;margin-right:41px}.section-above-fold>div:nth-last-child(n+2):after{content:'';position:absolute;right:-21px;top:0;bottom:0;border-right:1px solid #f0f0f0}.section-above-fold>div:nth-child(2) article:nth-child(n+2){margin-top:50px}}.section-more-news .heading{margin-top:0}@media(max-width:374px){.section-more-news .heading{font-size:16px}.section-more-news .image{margin-bottom:10px}.section-more-news .summary{clear:both}}@media(min-width:375px){.section-more-news .summary{overflow:hidden}}@media(max-width:799px){.section-more-news .heading{font-size:20px}}@media(max-width:699px){.section-more-news .heading{font-size:18px}}@media(max-width:399px){.section-more-news .heading{font-size:16px}}@media(max-width:991px){.l-section-main .banner{display:none}.page-video-block{margin-top:20px}}@media(min-width:992px){.l-section-main{display:flex;margin-top:40px;padding-top:40px;border-top:1px solid #d4d4d4}.l-section-main .most-popular{margin-top:0}.l-section-main .block-title{margin-top:0;padding-top:0;border-top:0}.l-section-main>div:first-child{width:calc(100% - 347px - 31px);flex:0 0 auto}.l-section-main-full-width>div:first-child{width:calc(100%)}.l-section-main>div:nth-child(2){width:339px;margin-left:38px;padding-left:38px;border-left:1px solid #ddd;flex:0 0 auto}.l-section-main>div:nth-child(2) .ibt-blocks{margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:30px}.section-more-news-block .banner{margin-top:50px;text-align:center}.page-sidebar .content{margin-top:30px}.block-fusion-lemon{margin-bottom:30px}}.block-title:not(.noborder){margin-top:30px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid #e4e4e4}@media screen and (max-width:767px) .block-title{position:relative;padding-top:30px;border-top:0;color:#000}.block-title{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:20px}html,body,div,object,iframe,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,ol,ul,li,form,legend,label,table,header,footer,nav,section,figure{margin:0;padding:0}*{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;border:0 none;list-style:none outside none;margin:0;outline:0 none;padding:0;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}user agent stylesheet div{display:block}.center,.social-capital .most-tabs{text-align:center}body{font-family:Newsreader,serif;line-height:1.375}body{font-family:sans-serif;min-width:320px;background-color:white}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.block-title:before{height:0;border-top:0}}@media screen and (max-width:1459px){.subscribe-btn{display:none}}.editors-picks{position:relative}.sign-up2{cursor:pointer}.video-link{cursor:pointer}.zephr-modal-close{color:#fff;top:-20px;position:absolute;right:5px;font-size:1.8em;cursor:pointer}@media screen and (max-width:1199px){.page-header .top .subscribe-btn{display:block}}@media screen and (max-width:1050px){.page-header .logo{left:46%}}@media screen and (max-width:991px){.page-header .subscribe-btn .newsletter{display:block}}@media screen and (max-width:920px){.page-header .logo{max-width:calc(100% - 340px)}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.page-header .top .subscribe-btn{display:none}.page-header .logo{max-width:83%}.logo-ibt .page-header .logo{max-width:calc(100% - 220px)}}@media screen and (max-width:570px){.logo-ibt .page-header .logo{text-align:left}.logo-ibt .page-header .logo a{width:60px;margin-left:10px}.logo-ibt .page-header .logo a .logo_text{background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/ibt-logo-2023-sm.svg) left center/72% no-repeat;min-width:50px;transition:background .5s}.logo-ibt .page-header .logo a .edition{padding-left:0;right:-4px}.logo-ibt .page-header .top .subscribe-btn{display:block}}@media screen and (max-width:330px){.page-header .logo a{margin-left:0}}.popups{position:fixed;top:50%;right:0;transform:translateY(-50%)}.popups>div{position:relative}.popups .close{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;top:-24px;right:0}.v_text{clear:both;display:block;color:#222;word-wrap:break-word;display:block;box-sizing:border-box}.v_text .credit{font-size:12px;color:#777}.v_text .credit:before{content:'(Photo: '}.v_text .credit:after{content:')'}.v_text .cap{margin:0 15px 0 0}.v_text .captionBox{position:relative;margin:0;padding:2px 3px 4px 3px;font-size:12px;color:#222;text-align:left}.v_text .caption{margin:0;padding:2px 3px 4px 3px;font-size:13px;color:#444;line-height:18px;text-align:left}.v_text .imgPhoto{vertical-align:bottom}.v_text .featured_video .embed-feed{position:relative}.v_text ul,.v_text ol{padding:0;margin:20px 0 20px 20px;font-size:.9em}.v_text ul li{line-height:1.5em}.v_text ol li{line-height:1.5em}.rate01{display:inline-block;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/hope/img_rate1.gif) no-repeat left top;width:78px;height:13px;text-indent:-5000px}.rate02{display:inline-block;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/hope/img_rate2.gif) no-repeat left top;width:78px;height:13px;text-indent:-5000px}.rate03{display:inline-block;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/hope/img_rate3.gif) no-repeat left top;width:78px;height:13px;text-indent:-5000px}.rate04{display:inline-block;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/hope/img_rate4.gif) no-repeat left top;width:78px;height:13px;text-indent:-5000px}.rate05{display:inline-block;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/hope/img_rate5.gif) no-repeat left top;width:78px;height:13px;text-indent:-5000px}.v_text .max-full{width:100%}.galleryLeft{clear:both;float:left;margin:3px 20px 5px 0;position:relative;color:#333;font-size:8pt;overflow:hidden;max-width:60%;height:auto}.galleryLeft .span{position:absolute;top:60px;left:70px;font-size:25pt;font-weight:bold;color:#f90}.galleryRight{clear:both;float:right;margin:3px 0 5px 20px;position:relative;color:#333;font-size:8pt;overflow:hidden;max-width:60%;height:auto}.galleryRight .span{position:absolute;top:60px;left:70px;font-size:25pt;font-weight:bold;color:#f90}.galleryLeft .prev,.galleryRight .prev,.galleryLeft .next,.galleryRight .next{width:40px;height:56px}.galleryVt{clear:both;margin:0 auto;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;position:relative;padding:0;max-width:100%;height:auto}.galleryVt>figure{clear:both;margin:5px auto;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-align:center;position:relative;max-width:100%;height:auto}.galleryVtNone{clear:both;margin:0;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-align:center;position:relative;padding:0;max-width:100%;height:auto}.galleryVtNone>figure{clear:both;margin:5px auto;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-align:center;max-width:100%;height:auto}.galleryVtRight{clear:both;float:right;margin:3px 0 5px 20px;position:relative;padding:0;max-width:60%;height:auto}.galleryVtRight>figure{margin:5px auto;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;max-width:100%;height:auto}.galleryVtLeft{clear:both;float:left;margin:3px 20px 5px 0;position:relative;padding:0;max-width:60%;height:auto}.galleryVtLeft>figure{margin:5px auto;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;max-width:100%;height:auto}.galleryFull{clear:both;margin:5px auto;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-align:center;position:relative;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;height:auto}.galleryNone{clear:both;margin:5px 0;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;position:relative;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;height:auto}.gallery{margin:auto}.quoteFull{clear:both;margin:10px 20px 5px 0;padding:10px 10px 7px}.quoteFull .quote{color:#000;line-height:1.7em;font-style:italic;position:relative}.v_text .quote:before,.v_text .quote:after{font-size:3em;position:relative;line-height:0;font-family:georgia,'times new roman',serif}.v_text .quote:before{top:.4em;left:-.1em}.v_text .quote:after{top:.4em;left:-.1em}.quoteFull .small{font-size:.8em;font-weight:bold;color:#000;margin-top:10px}.quoteLeft{clear:both;float:left;margin:10px 20px 5px 0;padding:10px 10px 7px;width:40%}.quoteLeft .quote{color:#000;line-height:1.7em;font-style:italic}.quoteLeft .small{font-size:.8em;text-align:right;color:#000}.quoteRight{clear:both;float:right;margin:10px 0 5px 20px;padding:10px 10px 7px;width:40%}.quoteRight .quote{color:#000;line-height:1.7em;font-style:italic}.quoteRight .small{font-size:.8em;text-align:right;color:#000}.quoteLeft,.quoteRight{padding:10px 15px 10px}.quoteLeft .small,.quoteRight .small{text-align:right;font-size:.8em;margin-top:10px}.fullPoll,.leftPoll,.rightPoll{margin:10px auto}.leftPoll{clear:both;float:left;margin:10px 20px 5px 0;max-width:60%}.rightPoll{clear:both;float:right;margin:10px 0 5px 20px;max-width:60%}.poll_label{background:#c00;color:#fff;font-size:18px;margin:0;padding:10px 10px 10px 20px}.poll{padding:15px 20px 10px;border:1px solid #eee;border-top:0}.poll .po_title{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold}.poll .poll_message{font-size:12px;color:#c00}.poll ul.poll_ul,.poll ul.ul_result{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:10px 10px}.poll li{list-style:none !important;font-size:14px;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;line-height:36px;margin:0;padding:10px 0 !important}.poll li:before{content:"" !important}.poll li input{height:15px;margin-right:5px;width:15px}.poll .poll_submit,.poll .return_poll{text-align:center}.poll .return_poll,.poll .ul_result,.poll .poll_message{display:none}.poll .poll_submit input{background-color:#e1451d;border:0;color:#fff;font-size:18px;height:41px;margin-top:10px;margin-left:6px;width:231px}.poll .poll_submit a,.poll .return_poll a{font-size:12px}.poll .other{width:80px;margin-left:20px}.relatedCode{position:relative;clear:both;float:left;margin:3px 20px 5px 0;overflow:hidden}.fullCode{clear:both;margin:10px auto 20px;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;height:auto;padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:5px}.fullCode .innerBox{margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden}.fullCode iframe{width:100%}.fullCode img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}.noneCode{clear:both;margin:10px 0;overflow:hidden}.rightCode{position:relative;clear:both;float:right;margin:3px 0 5px 20px;overflow:hidden}.v_text .instagram-media{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;max-width:500px;width:96%}.v_text .twitter-tweet,.v_text .twitter-video{margin:auto !important}.v_text .tiktok-embed{border-left:0;padding-left:0}.jsbox,#jsbox{overflow:hidden;padding:0;margin:0}.v_text .code{margin:0;padding:0}.v_text iframe{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;max-width:100%}.fullCoding{padding:20px;border:1px dashed #333;background:#eee;margin:20px 0;font-size:.75em}.block3{margin:20px 0 20px 20px;padding-left:30px;padding-right:15px;position:relative}.block3:before{content:'“';font-size:50px;position:absolute;left:7px;top:7px}.block3>*:last-child:after{content:'”';font-size:50px;line-height:0;position:relative;top:21px;left:5px}.block1{clear:both;border:1px solid #777;padding:5px 20px 5px;margin:20px 0;background:#eff3f5}.block2{clear:both;border:1px solid #777;padding:5px 20px 5px;margin:20px 0;background:#f8f2e4}.block4{padding:15px 0;border:0 solid #ccc;border-width:6px 0;font-size:22px;max-width:80%;margin:0 auto;margin-bottom:50px;margin-top:50px}.block5{position:relative;clear:both;padding:0;border:0;margin:20px 0;background:none}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.block4{max-width:90%}}.block1Left{clear:both;float:left;margin:6px 20px 10px 0;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:0 15px 15px;background:#eff3f5;font-size:.9em}.block1Right{clear:both;float:right;margin:6px 0 10px 20px;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:0 15px 15px;background:#eff3f5;font-size:.9em}.block2Left{clear:both;float:left;margin:6px 20px 10px 0;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:0 15px 15px;background:#f8f2e4;font-size:.9em}.block2Right{clear:both;float:right;margin:6px 0 10px 20px;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:0 15px 15px;background:#f8f2e4;font-size:.9em}.block5Left{position:relative;clear:both;float:left;margin:6px 25px 10px 0;padding:0 0 5px 0;border-top:1px solid #bbb;border-bottom:1px solid #bbb;background:none;font-size:.9em}.block5Right{position:relative;clear:both;float:right;margin:6px 0 10px 25px;padding:0 0 5px 0;border-top:1px solid #bbb;border-bottom:1px solid #bbb;background:none;font-size:.9em}.block2Right p,.block1Right p,.block2Leftt p,.block1Left p,.block5Left p,.block5Right p,.block2Right h3,.block1Right h3,.block2Leftt h3,.block1Left h3,.block5Left h3,.block5Right h3,.block2Right h4,.block1Right h4,.block2Leftt h4,.block1Left h4,.block5Left h4,.block5Right h4{margin:12px 0}.block1Leftt ul,.block1Right ul,.block2Left ul,.block2Right ul,.block5Left ul,.block5Right ul{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 18px}.block1Leftt ol,.block1Right ol,.block2Left ol,.block2Right ol,.block5Left ol,.block5Right ol{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 25px}.block1Leftt hr,.block1Right hr,.block2Left hr,.block2Right hr,.block5Left hr,.block5Right hr{margin:10px 0}.block1:after,.block2:after,.block5:after{display:table;content:" ";clear:both}.fullItem{margin:20px 0;clear:both;border:2px solid purple;padding:20px}.fullItem .top-item{font-size:20px;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;padding:0 0 20px;position:relative}.fullItem .top-item:after{content:" ";display:block;clear:both}.imageLeft{clear:both;float:left;margin:20px 20px 5px 0;position:relative}.imageRight{clear:both;float:right;margin:20px 0 5px 20px;position:relative}.imageBox{clear:both;margin:10px auto;font-style:normal;position:relative;max-width:100%;height:auto}.innerBox{margin:auto;max-width:100%}.imageNone{clear:both;font-size:11px;color:#111;margin:10px 0;display:block;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;position:relative}.fullArticle{clear:both;font-size:15px;margin:10px 0;padding:0 0 5px;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/feb2014/bg_dot_line.gif) repeat-x left bottom}.v_last .fullArticle{background:none !important}.fullArticle ul{padding:0;margin:10px 0 0}.fullArticle ul li{list-style:none;margin-left:0;padding-left:18px;margin-bottom:9px}.fullArticle ul li a{border:0;color:#0e0e0e;display:block}.relatedArticle{clear:both;float:left;font-size:15px;border-top:#8adb2b 3px solid;margin:10px 20px 0 0;padding:10px 0 10px}.relatedArticle .label{font-size:15px;font-weight:700}.relatedArticle ul{padding:0;margin:10px 0 0}.relatedArticle ul li{list-style:none;margin-left:0;padding-left:18px;margin-bottom:9px}.relatedArticle ul li a,.rightArticle ul li a{border:0;color:#333;display:block}.rightArticle{clear:both;float:right;font-size:15px;border-top:#8adb2b 3px solid;margin:10px 0 0 20px;padding:10px 0 10px}.rightArticle .label{font-size:15px;font-weight:700}.rightArticle ul{padding:0;margin:10px 0 0}.rightArticle ul li{list-style:none;margin-left:0;padding-left:18px;margin-bottom:9px}.relatedNews{clear:both;width:300px;float:left;border-top:#8adb2b 3px solid;font-weight:700;font-size:17px;margin:10px 20px 0 0;position:relative;max-width:50%;background:#eee}.relatedNews .rnews{border:1px solid #ccc;border-top:0;padding:12px 8px 12px 10px}.relatedNews .label{font-size:14px;position:absolute;top:149px;right:0;background:#8adb2b;color:#fff;padding:3px 6px;display:block;text-align:left;text-transform:uppercase}.relatedNews .background{display:block;width:100%;height:180px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center}.relatedNews a{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;cursor:pointer;border:0;display:block}.relatedNews a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.relatedVideo{position:relative;clear:both;float:left;margin:3px 20px 5px 0}.rightVideo{position:relative;clear:both;float:right;margin:3px 0 5px 20px}.fullVideo{position:relative;clear:both;margin:10px auto 0;max-width:100%;height:auto}.noneVideo{position:relative;clear:both;margin:10px 0 0;max-width:100%;height:auto}.header1{color:#0d53a3;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold}.header2{color:#052260;line-height:24px;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold}.header3{color:#051f58;line-height:24px;font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold}.header4{color:#222;line-height:24px;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold}.videoWrapper{position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;clear:both}.videoWrapper iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}.comparative{clear:both;margin:10px auto;max-width:100%}.comparative .relative{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.comparative .cover-box{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;z-index:1;width:50%;height:100%;background-color:#000;opacity:.6}.comparative .cover-box2{position:absolute;left:50%;top:0;z-index:1;width:50%;height:100%;background-color:#000;opacity:.2}.comparative .cover-box3{position:absolute;left:0;top:50%;margin-top:-112px;z-index:3;width:100%;color:#fff;font-size:33px;text-align:center}.comparative .cover-box3 div{margin:16px 0}.comparative .stick{position:absolute;left:50%;top:0;z-index:2;width:4px;background-color:#fff;height:28%}.comparative .stick2{position:absolute;left:50%;bottom:0;z-index:2;width:4px;background-color:#fff;height:28%}.parallax .image{clear:both;height:400px;background-attachment:fixed;background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover}.scurrent{position:absolute;right:0;z-index:99;padding:4px 6px;opacity:.5;background-color:#000;color:#fff;width:85px;text-align:center}.dnext{position:absolute;right:0;z-index:99;height:100%;width:50%;cursor:pointer}.dprev{position:absolute;left:0;z-index:99;height:100%;width:50%;cursor:pointer}.dnext .next,.dprev .prev{cursor:pointer;display:block;position:absolute;top:47%;width:45px;height:80px;margin-top:-48px;-webkit-border-radius:2px;-moz-border-radius:2px;border-radius:2px;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.2);-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.2);box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.2);background-color:#000;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;opacity:.4;z-index:99}.dnext .next{background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/hope/btn_next.webp);right:5px;transition:all .3s ease 0s}.dprev .prev{background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/hope/btn_prev.webp);left:5px;transition:all .3s ease 0s}.dnext:hover .next{opacity:1}.dprev:hover .prev{opacity:1}.sliding img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto}.v_text .table-block{margin:20px 0;overflow-x:auto}.v_text table{padding:0;border-spacing:0;border-collapse:collapse;width:100%}.v_text tr,.v_text tbody{padding:0}.v_text th{padding:5px 10px;background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#333;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:.8em}.v_text td{padding:5px 10px;font-size:.8em;border:1px solid #aaa;min-width:50px}hr{margin:20px 0;border-top:1px solid #777;display:block}hr.dashed{border-top:1px dashed #777;clear:both;visibility:hidden;margin:0;height:0;overflow:hidden}hr.spacer{padding:8px 0;border:0;visibility:hidden;width:100%}.imageLeft,.imageRight,.galleryVtLeft,.galleryVtRight,.quoteLeft,.quoteRight,.relatedArticle,.rightArticle,.relatedVideo,.rightVideo{max-width:60%;height:auto}.relatedArticle{width:300px !important}.block2Left,.block1Left,.block5Left,.block2Right,.block1Right,.block5Right{max-width:50%;height:auto}.v_text>.imageLeft:first-child,.v_text>.imageRight:first-child{margin-top:25px !important}.imgPhoto{width:100%;height:auto}#tvplayer_main{position:absolute;z-index:20;width:100%;height:100%}.v_text .thumb-movie img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block}img.sensitive{visibility:hidden}.sensitive-content{color:#fff;font-size:20px;line-height:26px;text-align:center;width:300px;position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;margin:-100px 0 0 -150px}.c-display{color:#fff;font-size:28px;padding:20px 20px;background:#db4b19;border-radius:5px;cursor:pointer;position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;margin:-10px 0 0 -120px}.v_text video{max-width:100%}.v_text h1 a,.v_text h2 a,.v_text h3 a,.v_text h4 a,aside a{display:initial;border:0}.v_text h1 a:hover,.v_text h2 a:hover,.v_text h3 a:hover,.v_text h4 a:hover,.v_text strong a:hover,aside a:hover,.relatedArticle a:hover,.fullArticle a:hover,.rightArticle a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.v_text .precode{white-space:pre-wrap;padding:20px 10px 20px 20px;border:1px solid #777;background:#eff3f5;font-size:.9em}#social-btns{margin:20px 0 20px}.share-container{width:383px;margin:auto;float:right}.social-wrap{border-top:1px solid #ddd;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;padding:10px 0;color:#fff;margin-top:10px}.social-wrap .icon-text{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top;width:440px;padding-right:20px}.social-wrap .icon-more{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top;width:61px;min-width:61px}.social-wrap i{font-size:40px}.social-wrap .social-icon{left:10px;position:absolute;top:10px}.byline .ico-twitter-left:before{width:16px;height:17px;content:' ';display:inline-block;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/social/twitter-x-black.svg) left 10%/80% no-repeat;vertical-align:middle}.social-share .icon{cursor:pointer;width:36px;height:36px;display:block}.social-share .twitter-x-black{background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/social/twitter-x-black.svg) center 55%/53% no-repeat}.social-share .pocket{background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/social/pocket.svg) 50% 60%/60% no-repeat}blockquote.embed-twitter,blockquote.twitter-tweet{border:1px solid #ddd;border-radius:15px;max-width:550px;padding:30px;margin:auto;font-size:.85em;position:relative}blockquote.embed-twitter a,blockquote.twitter-tweet a{border-bottom:0;color:#1b95e0}blockquote.embed-twitter:before,blockquote.twitter-tweet:before{background-repeat:no-repeat;content:'';display:block;height:1.3125rem;right:17px;position:absolute;top:16px;width:1.5rem;background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/img/social/twitter-x-black.svg);background-size:20px 20px}.comment-wrap .top-tainer{margin-top:0}textarea.comment-text{color:#333;padding:15px;border:2px solid #ccc;height:183px}#article-add>figure,#article-add>aside{display:block;width:100% !important;float:none !important;max-width:100% !important;margin:10px auto !important}#article-add .imgPhoto{display:block;margin:auto}.v_first>figure,.v_first>aside{margin:10px auto 0 !important}.v_text .ad-mpu{border:0}.odds--container{clear:both;background:#f5f5f5;float:left;font:700 16px/24px 'Source Sans Pro',lucida sans,arial,sans-serif;margin:0 15px 10px 0;text-align:center;width:300px}.odds--header{background:#ffb80c;padding:15px 0}.v_text div .odds--header a{color:#0e0e0e}.v_text .odds--header div{margin:0}.odds-match{padding:1em}.odds-match .h4{font-weight:700}.odds-option{background:#fff}.v_text .odds-option div{margin:0;padding:1em 0}.odds-option p:nth-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5}.v_text .odds--container div a{color:#0e0e0e;border:0}.odds-cta{color:#ffb80c}.odds-terms{color:#999;font-size:.8em}audio{width:90%;margin:auto;display:block}@media screen and (max-width:510px){.odds--container{float:none;margin:10px auto 0;max-width:100%}.v_text .embed-feed a{display:none}}.galleryHz{clear:both;margin:5px auto;display:block;max-width:100%;margin:20px auto;justify-content:space-between}.galleryHz .innerBox{display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap}.gallerySquare{clear:both;margin:5px auto;display:block;max-width:100%;margin:20px auto;overflow:hidden}.gallerySquare .innerBox{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;justify-content:space-between}.gallerySquare .imgPhoto{display:block}.gallerySquare .caption{height:100%}.gallerySquare .circle img{border-radius:50%}.gallerySquare .square-item{overflow:hidden}.galleryHz .square-item{flex:1 1 auto}.galleryHz .square-item img{height:100%}#v_article .afterClear::after,#v_article .beforeClear::before{clear:both;display:table;content:" "}.fullLayout{clear:both;position:relative;margin:0 auto}.fullLayout .layout-row{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;justify-content:space-between;margin:0 -14px}.fullLayout .layout-item{padding:0 14px;background:#fff}.fullLayout .column2 .layout-item{width:calc(50% - 28px)}.fullLayout .column3 .layout-item{width:calc(33.333333333% - 28px)}.fullLayout .column4 .layout-item{width:calc(25% - 28px)}.fullLayout.valign1 td{vertical-align:middle;border:0}.fullLayout.valign2 td{vertical-align:bottom}.valign1 .layout-row,.valign2 .layout-row{display:table !important}.valign1 .layout-item{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;width:50% !important}.valign2 .layout-item{display:table-cell;vertical-align:bottom;width:50% !important}.v_text .fb-post{width:500px;margin:auto;display:block}.twitter-tweet,.twitter-video{margin:auto}.v_text .tiktok-embed{min-height:480px}@media screen and (max-width:510px){#v_article .imageLeft,#v_article .imageRight,#v_article .quoteLeft,#v_article .quoteRight,#v_article .relatedArticle,#v_article .rightArticle,#v_article .relatedVideo,#v_article .rightVideo,#v_article .block2Left,#v_article .block1Left,#v_article .block5Left,#v_article .block2Right,#v_article .block1Right,#v_article .block5Right,#v_article .leftPoll,#v_article .rightPoll{float:none;margin:20px auto;max-width:100%;width:auto !important}#v_article .imageLeft .imgPhoto,#v_article .imageRight .imgPhoto,#v_article .galleryLeft .imgPhoto,#v_article .galleryRight .imgPhoto,#v_article .galleryVtLeft,#v_article .galleryVtLeft>div,#v_article .galleryVtLeft .imgPhoto,#v_article .galleryVtRight,#v_article .galleryVtRight>div,#v_article .galleryVtRight .imgPhoto,#v_article .galleryLeft,#v_article .galleryRight,#v_article .inside-left-mpu{float:none;margin:10px auto 0;max-width:100%}#v_article .imageLeft .imgPhoto,#v_article .imageRight .imgPhoto{margin:0}#v_article .relatedNews{float:none;margin:10px auto 0;width:100%;max-width:100%}#v_article .relatedNews .background{background-size:100% auto}.valign1 .layout-item{display:block}.fullLayout .column2 .layout-item{width:100% !important}.fullLayout .column3 .layout-item{width:100%}.fullLayout .column4 .layout-item{width:100%}.gallerySquare.each-item .square-item{flex:1 100% !important}}pre{line-height:1.1em;white-space:pre-wrap}p.clicknow{text-align:left;font:bold 17px/17px Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:20px 0}p.clicknow a{display:inline-block;background-color:#1c9bef;color:#FFF !important;padding:15px 20px;border-bottom:0;text-decoration:none !important;text-transform:uppercase;min-width:300px;text-align:center}@media screen and (max-width:510px){p.clicknow{text-align:center}p.clicknow a{min-width:330px;padding:19px 20px}}#big-shots-overlay .flex-wrap{display:flex}.v_text .imageBox{text-align:center}.v_text .imageBox .inBox{display:inline-block}#SIGNIN{position:fixed;z-index:10001 !important;top:0 !important;left:0 !important;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.7) !important;-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(2px) !important;backdrop-filter:blur(2px) !important;font:14px/20px "Helvetica",sans-serif !important;color:#333 !important;height:100vh;width:100vw;overflow-y:scroll;padding-bottom:20px}#SIGNIN .nw-login{position:relative;margin:auto;max-width:525px;width:96%;z-index:99999999}.login-popup{margin-top:30px;border-radius:7px;padding:10px;background:#fff}.login-popup iframe{width:100%}.proscons .fullLayout .layout-item{background:#f3f3ff;padding:20px 30px}.proscons .layout-row{width:100%}.proscons ul{margin:0}.proscons ul li{margin:5px 0;padding-bottom:0}.proscons .pros,.proscons .cons{font-weight:bold;font-size:1.2em;margin-bottom:13px}.proscons .pros::before{content:'✔ ';color:green;font-size:1.2em}.proscons .cons::before{content:'✖ ';color:red;font-size:1.2em}.proscons td{background:inherit}.divTable{display:table;width:auto;border-spacing:2px;width:100%}.divRow{display:table-row;width:auto}.divCell{float:left;display:table-column;width:50%;border-top:2px solid #777}.divRow:nth-child(1) .divCell{border:0}.divCell:nth-child(2){color:#33c;text-align:right}.v_text .creditcard .caption{background:#eef;margin-top:5px}.creditcard{border:1px solid #eee;box-shadow:rgba(200,200,200,.3) -5px 5px;padding:16px}p.btnnow{text-align:left;font:bold 17px/17px Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:20px auto;width:200px}p.btnnow a{display:inline-block;background-color:#1c1bbb;color:#FFF !important;padding:15px 20px;border-bottom:0;text-decoration:none !important;text-transform:uppercase;min-width:200px;text-align:center;border-radius:10%}.boxtypeB ul li{line-height:1em}.v_text .cap{margin:0 20px 0 0}.v_text .captionBox{position:relative;padding:10px 15px 15px;text-align:left}.v_text .caption{margin:0;text-align:left;padding:10px 15px 15px;color:#666}.v_text .credit{margin-top:5px;text-transform:uppercase}.relatedNews,.relatedArticle{border-top:#000 3px solid;font-weight:normal}.relatedNews .label{background:#000}.relatedNews a{border-bottom:0 !important}.block3{border-left:0 !important}.vjs-box{position:relative}.vjs-box:before{display:block;content:"";width:100%;padding-top:56.25%}.imgPhoto{cursor:pointer}.v_first .imgPhoto{width:100%}.imageLeft,.imageRight,.galleryVtLeft,.galleryVtRight,.quoteLeft,.quoteRight,.relatedArticle,.rightArticle,.relatedVideo,.rightVideo{max-width:50%;height:auto}.slide .fullLayout{margin:0 auto}.promo-box{margin:20px 0}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.article-body .related.ir{float:right;width:200px;margin-left:30px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:10px}}@media screen and (max-width:768px){#v_article>figure.imageBox,.article-body>figure.imageBox,.article-body>figure.imageLeft,.article-body>figure.imageRight,.article-body>figure.galleryFull,.article-body>figure.galleryHz,.article-body>figure.comparative{margin:0 calc(50% - 50vw) 20px;max-width:inherit !important}}.article-body h2{margin-top:24px;margin-bottom:24px}.article-body h3{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.imageBox .link,.imageLeft .link,.imageRight .link{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;opacity:0}.fact-check{text-align:center;margin:20px auto;position:relative}.product-item{text-align:left;margin:20px auto;position:relative;font-size:26px;font-weight:bold}.fact-check:after,.product-item:after{display:block;content:"";border-top:3px solid #ccc;transform:translateY(-1rem);position:absolute;top:30px;left:0;width:100%;z-index:1}.product-item:after{border-top:2px solid #1c9bef;top:35px}.fact-check span.fc,.product-item span.fc{background:red;color:white;padding:0 20px;display:inline-block;z-index:2;position:relative}.product-item span.fc{background:#1c9bef;padding:0 5px 0 8px;font-size:.7em;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;width:50px;text-align:center}div.n-forum{background-color:#f41e12;padding:30px;border-radius:8px;color:#ffff;margin:20px 0}.n-forum a.link{color:#ffe400;font-weight:bold}.n-forum a.link2{color:#ffe400;text-decoration:underline}.fullItem .star{margin-left:10px;color:#666}.art19-web-player.awp-medium{min-height:198px}.big-shots{position:relative}.big-shots .n-title{margin-bottom:18px;display:none}.big-shots .n-title .icon-n{position:relative}.big-shots .n-title .icon-n::before{content:"";display:block;width:26px;height:25px;border-right:3px solid #f72210;border-bottom:3px solid #f72210;position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-4px}.big-shots h2{text-transform:uppercase}.big-shots .description{padding-bottom:20px}.big-shots .image{position:relative}.big-shots .cover.mask{position:absolute;top:0;right:0}.big-shots .cover.mask::before{-moz-transition:all .4s ease;-o-transition:all .4s ease;-webkit-transition:all .4s ease;transition:all .4s ease;display:block;content:"";width:82px;height:83px;background:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/images/icon-arrow-dia-down.svg) center/37px no-repeat rgba(18,18,18,.8);position:absolute;top:0;right:0}.big-shots .cover.mask:hover{top:1px;right:1px;left:1px;bottom:1px}.big-shots .cover.mask:hover::before{width:100%;height:100%;background-image:none;background-color:rgba(18,18,18,.1)}.big-shots .info{padding:15px 30px 30px;text-align:center;border:1px solid #d9d9d9;border-top:0;position:relative}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.big-shots{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px}}.front .big-shots .cover.mask{bottom:0;left:0;z-index:1}.v_text .big-shots .container-fluid{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.story main .big-shots .container-fluid{margin-top:0}.affiliate .imageBox figcaption{background:#000;color:#fff;position:absolute;bottom:0;right:0;padding:5px 10px}.affiliate .imageBox .credit{color:#ccc}.affiliate .v_text p a,.affiliate .v_text h3 a{color:#1c9bef;text-decoration:underline}.v_text .imageBox{text-align:center}.v_text .imageBox .inBox{display:inline-block}.v_text p,.v_text blockquote p,.v_text h3,.v_text h4{margin:20px 0;padding:0;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.v_embed .related li{margin:0}.lazyload{visibility:hidden}figure{background-color:#fff}@media screen and (min-width:768px){#sticky1,#sticky2{position:sticky;top:45px}#sticky1{float:right}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){#sticky0{position:sticky;top:45px}#sticky3{position:sticky;top:45px}}.sticky-box::after{clear:both;display:table;content:' '}.content-bottom{padding:15px}#block-ibtimes-tv-blocks-homepage-video a{cursor:pointer}.forex-widget{display:block;line-height:0;background:#000}@media screen and (max-width:767px){html{overflow-x:hidden}.pagination{margin:20px 0 !important}}.flex-block{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-self:stretch}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.flex-block{flex-direction:row}}.block-sticky{position:sticky;top:41px;z-index:2}.filed-under{font:bold 12px/12px Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:1.5px;text-transform:uppercase}.filed-under a{display:inline-block;color:#fff;background-color:#30bced;padding:9px 20px;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:10px}.section-title{font:bold 32px/32px "Gotham Narrow",sans-serif;color:#222;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:30px;margin-bottom:5px;text-align:center}.social-share{width:270px;height:36px}.article-body .block-sticky{position:static}.article-body .dfp-tag-wrapper{margin:20px auto}.noad .dfp-tag-wrapper,.noad .page-top,.noad #ad-right1-wrapper{display:none}.byline-social .byline time{min-width:290px}#block-ibt-comment .content{min-height:400px;overflow-x:hidden}</style><link rel="preload" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/sys/css/splide.min.css?v=1732292294" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/sys/css/splide.min.css?v=1732292294"></noscript><link rel="preload" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/sys/css/video-initial.css?v=1732292294" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/sys/css/video-initial.css?v=1732292294"></noscript> <script>var relList=document.createElement('link').relList;if(!!(relList&&relList.supports&&relList.supports('preload'))){}else{GCSS('https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/widget/graphic?path=sys/css/splide.min.css&v=1732292294&mime=text/css');GCSS('https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/widget/graphic?path=sys/css/video-initial.css&v=1732292294&mime=text/css')}</script> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/sys/js/4ac430500a84c3c2726499aa2404ca03.js?v=1732292294" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com" /><link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/sys/js/4ac430500a84c3c2726499aa2404ca03.js?v=1732292294" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://stats.myibtimes.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://c.amazon-adsystem.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net" /> <script>oa.pageinfo={"articleId":"1727516","articleTitle":"Texas Mom Earns Up To $10K\/Day Running Her Seasonal Pumpkin Decor Business From July To November","writerId":"10032","writer":"Vinay Patel","editorialTeam":"2","section":"Women in Business","sectionId":"1282","language":"en","publishedTime":1728541070,"publishedDate":"20241010","published":"1","content_channel":"Business","content_channel_iab":"IAB3","content_channel_iabs":["IAB3"],"categories":"women-in-business","source":"IBTimes UK","video":"N","video_type":"n\/a","video_ap":"N","layout":"standard","paragraphs":17,"page_type":"article","wordcount":"595","related_count":5,"classification":"","tier":"","article_value":0,"story_location":"","keywords":"Porch Pumpkins,Porch Pumpkins decor,Porch Pumpkins Instagram,Porch Pumpkins Dallas,Heather Torres Porch Pumpkins,Pumpkin decor","team":"IN Editorial"};var setCookieSecure=function(name,value,days,domain){var date,expires,host='';if(days){date=new Date();date.setTime(date.getTime()+(days*24*60*60*1000));expires="; expires="+date.toGMTString();if(domain)host=";domain="+domain}else{expires="; expires=0"}document.cookie=name+"="+value+expires+host+"; path=/; secure; samesite=lax;"},LJS=function(b,c,d){var a=document.createElement("script");a.src=b;d?a.async=!0:a.defer=!0;c&&(a.id=c);b=document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];b.insertBefore(a,b.firstChild)},LJSA=function(src,id){LJS(src,id,1)},site_name="International Business Times UK",site_id="ibtuk",site_domain="ibtimes.co.uk",is_gdpr=/EU|AT|BE|BG|HR|CY|CZ|DK|EE|FI|FR|DE|GR|HU|IE|IT|LT|LV|LU|MT|NL|PL|PT|RO|SK|SI|ES|SE|GB|IS|LI|NO/i.test(oa.geo.country),gdpr_applies=ccpa_applies=usp_applies=gpp_applies=!1,uspString='1---',consentPrebid={},dataLayer=dataLayer||[],referrer='',timerStart=Date.now();ibt_log("Country",oa.geo.country,0);if(oa.pageinfo.layout=='corporate'){}else{if(oa.geo.country=='US'&&/CA|CO|CT|UT|VA|OR|MT|TX|IA|IN|TN|FL/i.test(oa.geo.state))usp_applies=!0;else if(is_gdpr)gdpr_applies=!0;else if(oa.geo.country=='BR')gpp_applies=!0;if(usp_applies||gdpr_applies||gpp_applies){consentPrebid={gdpr:{cmpApi:'iab',timeout:500,defaultGdprScope:!0},gpp:{cmpApi:'iab',timeout:500},usp:{cmpApi:'iab',timeout:500}};var sirdata="hF7a7";LJ("https://cache.consentframework.com/js/pa/41059/c/"+sirdata+"/stub");LJ("https://choices.consentframework.com/js/pa/41059/c/"+sirdata+"/cmp",function(){ibt_log('CMP Sirdata loaded')})}}</script> <script>var utm_result2=getUrlParameters();if(document.referrer=='')referrer='direct';else if(document.referrer.indexOf(location.protocol+"//"+location.host)===0||document.referrer.search('(.*)www-ibtimes-co-uk.cdn.ampproject.org([^/?]*)')===0)referrer='internal';else referrer='external';function TrafficSource(r,u){if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?facebook\./.test(r)||/FBAN|FB_IAB/.test(u))return'Facebook';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?newsbreak(app)?\./.test(r)||/NewsBreak/i.test(u))return'NewsBreak';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?toutiao\.com/.test(r)||/TopBuzz/.test(u))return'TopBuzz';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?flipboard\.com/.test(r)||/Flipboard/.test(u))return'Flipboard';if(r=='')return'Direct';if(utm_result2.utm_medium=='email')return'fromNewsletter';if(r=='https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/'||r.indexOf('https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/?')!=-1)return'fromHomepage';if(/^https?:\/\/www\.google\.com\/amp\/s\/www\.ibtimes\.co\.uk/.test(r))return'AmpGoogle';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?google(apis)?\./.test(r)||/com\.google\.android\.googlequicksearchbox/.test(r))return'Google';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?(bing|msn)\./.test(r))return'Microsoft';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?yahoo\./.test(r))return'Yahoo';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?newsnow\./.test(r))return'NewsNow';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?smartnews\./.test(r))return'SmartNews';if(/^https?:\/\/([\w\.]+\.)?reddit\./.test(r))return'Reddit';if(/^https?:\/\/t.co\//.test(r))return'X';if(/axelspringer\.yana\.zeropage/.test(r)||r.search('upday')===0)return'upday';if(/^https?:\/\/www-ibtimes-co-uk\.cdn\.ampproject\.org/.test(r))return'AmpCdn';if(referrer=='internal')return'Internal';return'Other'};var trsource=TrafficSource(document.referrer,navigator.userAgent),brtype='web',highval=!1,emlhs=getCookieString('emlhs'),frhp=getCookieString('frhp'),connection=navigator.connection||navigator.mozConnection||navigator.webkitConnection,con_type=(connection===undefined)?"no_info":connection.effectiveType;ibt_log("con_type",con_type);if(oa.browser.name.indexOf('Webview')>-1)brtype=oa.browser.name=='Android Webview'?'wv_android':'wv_ios';if(trsource=='fromNewsletter'||trsource=='fromHomepage'||emlhs||frhp)highval=!0;var highval_str=(highval)?"1":"0"</script> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/themes/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/themes/favicons/favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/themes/favicons/favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="manifest" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/themes/favicons/site.webmanifest"><link rel="mask-icon" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/themes/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg"><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/themes/favicons/favicon.ico"><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#000000"><meta name="msapplication-config" content="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/themes/favicons/browserconfig.xml"><meta name="theme-color" content="#000000"> <script>var pbjs=pbjs||{},googletag=googletag||{};googletag.cmd=googletag.cmd||[];pbjs.que=pbjs.que||[];(function(){var v=document.createElement('video'),p;v.src="data:video/mp4;base64,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";if((p=v.play())!=undefined)p.then(function(){ibt_log("[AUTOPLAY]Allow");dfpSlots.autoplay=1},function(){v.volume=0;v.muted=!0;v.play().then(function(){ibt_log("[AUTOPLAY]MutedOnly");dfpSlots.autoplay=2},function(){ibt_log("[AUTOPLAY]Blocked");dfpSlots.autoplay=2})})})()</script> <script>LJ('https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/sys/js/4ac430500a84c3c2726499aa2404ca03.js?v=1732292294',function(){doAfterLoad()})</script> <script>function extractHostname(t){return(t.indexOf("//")>-1?t.split("/")[2]:t.split("/")[0]).split(":")[0].split("?")[0]};dfpSlots.pginfo={"refresh_time":"30","max_refresh":"100","desktop":"top|0|0|0,right1|0|1|0,right2|1|0|1,right3|1|1|1,right4|1|0|1,bottom|1|0|1,video|0|0|0,oop1|0|0|0,oop2|0|0|0,oop3|0|0|0,Decide|0|0|0,newsletter_subscriber_data_collection|0|0|0,Kiosked|0|0|0,Outbrain|0|0|0","tablet":"top|0|0|0,right1|0|0|0,right2|1|0|1,right3|1|0|1,right4|1|0|1,bottom|1|0|1,video|0|0|0,oop1|0|0|0,oop2|0|0|0,oop3|0|0|0,sticky|1|1|1,Decide|0|0|0,newsletter_subscriber_data_collection|0|0|0,Kiosked|0|0|0,Outbrain|0|0|0","mobile":"top|0|0|0,right1|1|0|0,right2|1|0|1,right3|1|0|1,right4|1|0|1,bottom|1|0|1,video|0|0|0,oop1|0|0|0,oop2|0|0|0,oop3|0|0|0,sticky|1|1|1,Decide|0|0|0,newsletter_subscriber_data_collection|0|0|0,Kiosked|0|0|0,Outbrain|0|0|0","desktop_num":6,"tablet_num":7,"mobile_num":7};dfpSlots.pbjs=0;dfpSlots.aps=0;dfpSlots.limit={'s':4,'m':30,'d':90};dfpSlots.cap={'s':0,'m':parseInt(getCookie('cap_m')||0),'d':parseInt(getCookie('cap_d')||0)};var site_random=Math.random(),ibtmedia_device=mobile_device?(screen.width<768||screen.height<768?'mobile':'tablet'):"desktop",group_cat=excl_label=amzn_video_bid=prebid_video_bid=prebid_cust_param=fbprom=fbpromoc=otherpromoc=keyExC="",keyEx=[],NoPassFQ=DVPreFilter="N",adBlock="U",site_ads=1,pageFocus=site_ads_text='Y',dfp_cat="n/a",fq_ref=extractHostname(document.referrer)||'Direct',pageRefreshed="N",w1200=(brW>=1200)?"Y":"N",fqs_loaded=fqs_load_timeout=pbjs_loaded=amznads2_loaded=is_bot=!1;if(ibtmedia_device=='desktop'&&screen.width<=1024&&oa.os.name=='Mac OS'){ibtmedia_device='tablet';mobile_device=!0} if(!oa.geo.device)oa.geo.device=ibtmedia_device;if(dfpSlots.pginfo.desktop_num+dfpSlots.pginfo.mobile_num+dfpSlots.pginfo.tablet_num==0){site_ads=0;site_ads_text='N'} if(getCookie('nwcmsmode')){site_ads=0;site_ads_text='N_CMS'}if(getCookie('ibtfreead')=='1'){site_ads=0;site_ads_text='N_SUBSCRIBER'} if(window.bot_engine){site_ads=0;site_ads_text='N_BOT'}else if(site_id=='ibtus'&&(oa.os.name=='Linux'||(oa.os.name=='Android'&&parseInt(oa.os.version)<=5)||(ibtmedia_device=='desktop'&&(/HK|ZA|MY|ID|VN|IN|TR|PH|NO/i.test(oa.geo.country)||(oa.os=='Windows'&&/IN|ID|VN/i.test(oa.geo.country))||(oa.os=='Mac OS'&&/CH|PK/i.test(oa.geo.country))||(oa.browser.name=='Chrome'&&(oa.browser.version=="8"||oa.browser.version=="11"))||(oa.browser.name=='Firefox'&&oa.browser.version=="11"))))){site_ads=0;site_ads_text='N_BLOCKED_COUNTIRES'} if(oa.geo.country=='US'&&ibtmedia_device=='desktop')dfpSlots.limit={'s':2,'m':10,'d':30};if(site_id=='ibtus'&&(dfpSlots.limit.m<=dfpSlots.cap.m||dfpSlots.limit.d<=dfpSlots.cap.d)){site_ads=0;site_ads_text='N_ADS_CAPPING'} var ts='nonpromoted',utm_result=getUrlParameters();dfpSlots.onvideoplay=[];if(utm_result.utm_campaign=='promoted'&&utm_result.utm_source=='facebook.com'&&utm_result.utm_term){ts="fbpromo";fbpromoc=utm_result.utm_term;setCookieHours("fbpromo",fbpromoc,1);fbprom="&fbpromo="+fbpromoc}else if(getCookieString('fbpromo')!=''){ts="fbpromo";fbpromoc=getCookieString('fbpromo');fbprom="&fbpromo="+fbpromoc}else if(utm_result.utm_source&&"outbrain googlead axnative mgid".indexOf(utm_result.utm_campaign)>-1){ts=utm_result.utm_campaign;otherpromoc=utm_result.utm_term;setCookieHours("otherpromoc",otherpromoc,1);setCookieHours("otherpromo",ts,1);fbprom="&"+ts+"promo="+otherpromoc}else if(utm_result.utm_source=='AppleNews2'&&utm_result.utm_term){ts="applepromo";otherpromoc=utm_result.utm_term;setCookieHours("otherpromoc",otherpromoc,1);setCookieHours("otherpromo",ts,1);fbprom="&"+ts+"="+otherpromoc}else if(utm_result.utm_campaign=='keywee'){ts='kwfbpromo';otherpromoc=utm_result.utm_term;setCookieHours("otherpromoc",otherpromoc,1);setCookieHours("otherpromo",ts,1);fbprom="&"+ts+"="+otherpromoc}else if(utm_result.utm_source=='mobileposse'){ts='mobileposse';setCookieHours("otherpromo",ts,1)}else if(document.referrer.indexOf("nativeapp.toutiao.com")>-1){ts='toutiao';setCookieHours("otherpromo",ts,1)}else if(getCookieString('otherpromo')){ts=getCookieString('otherpromo');if(getCookieString('otherpromoc')){otherpromoc=getCookieString('otherpromoc');fbprom="&"+ts+"promo="+otherpromoc}};if(utm_result.utm_source=='Facebook'&&utm_result.utm_term=='boosted')ts="fbboost";var utm_source=utm_result.utm_source||"",fq_source=utm_source?encodeURIComponent(utm_source+"|"+utm_result.utm_medium+"|"+utm_result.utm_campaign):fq_ref;ibt_log("ts:",ts,", device:",ibtmedia_device,", mobile:",mobile_device,screen.width+"x"+screen.height,brW+"x"+brH);dfpSlots.network_id="43459271,22678715244";dfpSlots.adunit="ibtimes.co.uk";dfpSlots.vid_adunit="vid.ibtimes.co.uk";if(/vs_adtest=/.test(location.href)){dfpSlots.adunit='test.'+dfpSlots.adunit;dfpSlots.vid_adunit='test.'+dfpSlots.vid_adunit;dfpSlots.test=location.hash.match(/vs_adtest=([\w]+)/)};dfpSlots.headercmd=[],dfpSlots.sizes={},dfpSlots.slots=[],dfpSlots.slotobjs={},dfpSlots.lazyslots=[],dfpSlots.lazyslotpos=[],dfpSlots.totallazy=0,dfpSlots.dsp_adunit='/'+dfpSlots.network_id+'/'+dfpSlots.adunit+'/';(function(w,info){var d=document;d.addEventListener("visibilitychange",()=>{pageFocus=(d.visibilityState=="visible")?"Y":"N";ibt_log("pageFocus: ",pageFocus)});d.dispatchEvent(new Event("visibilitychange"));if(info){info.advertisement=site_ads_text;w.wo_section=info.categories||"ndef";w.wo_pagetype=info.page_type||"ndef";w.pb_videos=info.video||"N";if(info.categories)dfp_cat=site_id+'-'+(wo_section.replace("-","_"));if(wo_pagetype!="article"&&wo_pagetype!="slideshow"){setCookieSecure("frhp",1,1,"."+site_domain)}}else w.wo_section=w.wo_pagetype="ndef",w.pb_videos="N"})(window,oa.pageinfo);keyEx=[];var verification_callback=function(){ibt_log("ADS vcallback","fq_loaded:",fqs_loaded,"fq:",NoPassFQ,"a9:",amznads2_loaded,"pb:",pbjs_loaded,'ad:',site_ads,Date.now()-timerStart);if(fqs_loaded&&pbjs_loaded&&amznads2_loaded&&site_ads){clearTimeout(hb_timeout_var);initAdserver()}};var fq_callback=function(ivt){if(!fqtag.loadedfq){fqtag.loadedfq=!0;fqtag.score=ivt.score;fqtag.result=ivt.msg;if(fqtag.score>=0.65&&!/pb=0/.test(location.href)){keyEx.push('|ibt| IVTFilter');NoPassFQ="Y";appendCSS('.dfp-ad-lazy {display: none !important;}')}else{if(ivt.msg=='Timeout')NoPassFQ="T";else if(ivt.msg=='ByPass'&&/pb=0/.test(location.href))NoPassFQ="P";else if(ivt.msg=='NoDetection')NoPassFQ="D"} if(ivt.ip){oa.geo.ip=ivt.ip;oa.geo.country=ivt.country} ibt_log('ADS ivtcheck_callback',ivt.msg,ivt.score,' IVT :',NoPassFQ,Date.now()-timerStart)} ivt_common()},ivt_common=function(){if(!fqs_loaded){fqs_loaded=!0;if(keyEx&&keyEx.length){keyExC="&kwgroup="+keyEx.join().toLowerCase().replace(/\|(ibt|ple)\| /g,'').replace(/\s/g,'_')+"&excl_cat="+keyEx.join()} googletag.cmd.push(function(){if(oa.geo.ip)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("ip",oa.geo.ip);googletag.pubads().setTargeting("rsk",NoPassFQ);ibt_log("ADS excl_label:",keyEx);if(window.keyEx&&keyEx.length){googletag.pubads().setTargeting("kwgroup",keyEx.join().toLowerCase().replace(/\|(ibt|ple)\| /g,'').replace(/\s/g,'_').split(","));for(i=0;i<keyEx.length;i++)googletag.pubads().setCategoryExclusion(keyEx[i]);}});doFir.push(function(){if(NoPassFQ!='Y'&&DVPreFilter!='Y')execFunc(fqtag.cmd);execFunc(fqtag.fcmd);jQuery(window).on('scroll.fqscmd',function(){jQuery(window).off('scroll.fqscmd');if(NoPassFQ!='Y'&&DVPreFilter!='Y')execFunc(fqtag.scmd);execFunc(fqtag.fscmd)})})} verification_callback()};var fqtimeout=setTimeout(fq_callback,4000,{'score':0,'msg':'Timeout'});LJ("https://stats.myibtimes.com/tool/ivtcheck?callback=fq_callback&ref="+document.referrer+"&cb="+Date.now(),function(){clearTimeout(fqtimeout)});var loadAdTags=function(){dfpSlots.rdm=1;dfpSlots.rdm_slots=[];LJ("//micro.rubiconproject.com/prebid/dynamic/19988.js",function(){ibt_log('ADS RDM loaded',Date.now()-timerStart)});dfpSlots.aps=1;!function(a9,a,p,s,t,A,g){if(a[a9])return;function q(c,r){a[a9]._Q.push([c,r])}a[a9]={init:function(){q("i",arguments)},fetchBids:function(){q("f",arguments)},setDisplayBids:function(){},targetingKeys:function(){return[]},_Q:[]};A=p.createElement(s);A.async=!0;A.src=t;g=p.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];g.parentNode.insertBefore(A,g)}("apstag",window,document,"script","//c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js");LJ("https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js",function(){adBlock='N';ibt_log('ADS gpt.js loaded',Date.now()-timerStart)},function(){adBlock='Y';ibt_log('ADS Ad Blocker Detected')})};var adsTagLoad={'set':(mobile_device)?'onscroll':'asap',cmd:[]};if(adsTagLoad.set=='asap')loadAdTags();else adsTagLoad.cmd.push(loadAdTags);var abt_rand=Math.floor(site_random*2)+1,abt=abt_rand.toString(),abt100=Math.floor(site_random*100),videoAdUnit=[],pbSlots=[],amzSlots=[],pbSlotsLazy={},amzSlotsLazy={};var PREBID_TIMEOUT=2000,FAILSAFE_TIMEOUT=PREBID_TIMEOUT+2000;if(abt==1)PREBID_TIMEOUT=1000;if(adsTagLoad.set=='asap'&&dfpSlots.pbjs==0&&dfpSlots.aps==0)FAILSAFE_TIMEOUT=100;switch(ibtmedia_device){case "mobile":amzSlots=[{slotID:'dfp-ad-top',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},{slotID:'dfp-ad-right1',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},{slotID:'IBT_videoSlot',mediaType:'video'},];amzSlotsLazy={right2:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right2',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},right3:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right3',sizes:[[300,600],[300,250],[320,100]]},right4:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right4',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},bottom:{slotID:'dfp-ad-bottom',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},sticky:{slotID:'dfp-ad-sticky',sizes:[[320,50],[300,50]]},};break;case "tablet":amzSlots=[{slotID:'dfp-ad-top',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},{slotID:'dfp-ad-right1',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},{slotID:'IBT_videoSlot',mediaType:'video'},];amzSlotsLazy={right2:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right2',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},right3:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right3',sizes:[[300,600],[300,250],[320,100]]},right4:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right4',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},bottom:{slotID:'dfp-ad-bottom',sizes:[[300,250],[320,100]]},sticky:{slotID:'dfp-ad-sticky',sizes:[[320,50],[300,50]]},};break;default:amzSlots=[{slotID:'dfp-ad-top',sizes:[[970,250],[728,90]]},{slotID:'dfp-ad-right1',sizes:[[300,250]]},{slotID:'IBT_videoSlot',mediaType:'video'},];amzSlotsLazy={right2:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right2',sizes:[[300,250],[728,90]]},right3:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right3',sizes:[[300,600],[300,250],[160,600]]},right4:{slotID:'dfp-ad-right4',sizes:[[300,250],[728,90]]},bottom:{slotID:'dfp-ad-bottom',sizes:[[728,90]]},}} var apsConfig={pubID:'3794',adServer:'googletag',videoAdServer:'DFP',bidTimeout:PREBID_TIMEOUT};if(gdpr_applies)apsConfig.gdpr={cmpTimeout:200};else if(ccpa_applies)apsConfig.params={us_privacy:uspString};adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){apstag.init(apsConfig)});if(site_ads){if(amzSlots.length){adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){ibt_log('ADS APS requestBids',Date.now()-timerStart);apstag.fetchBids({slots:amzSlots,timeout:PREBID_TIMEOUT},function(bids){ibt_log("ADS APS returned:",bids,Date.now()-timerStart);googletag.cmd.push(function(){amznVideoAPS(bids);apstag.setDisplayBids();amznads2_loaded=!0;verification_callback()})})})}else{ibt_log("ADS APS no initial slots");amznads2_loaded=!0;verification_callback()}}else{ibt_log('ADS Disabled ads request.');appendCSS('.dfp-tag-wrapper, #dfp-ad-top-wrapper {display: none !important;}')} var amznVideoAPS=function(bids){amzn_video_bid=bids.filter(function(bid){return bid.mediaType==='video'}).map(function(bid){return bid.encodedQsParams||bid.helpers.encodedQsParams()}).join('')},amznVideoAPS_refresh=function(){apstag.fetchBids({slots:[{slotID:'IBT_videoSlot',mediaType:'video'}]},function(bids){ibt_log('ADS apstag_vidbid_refresh:',bids,Date.now()-timerStart);amznVideoAPS(bids)})};var adexl_fpd=keyEx.join().toLowerCase().replace(/\|ibt\| /g,'').replace(/\s/g,'_').split(",");const displayPricingGranularity={"buckets":[{"precision":2,"max":3,"increment":0.01},{"precision":2,"max":8,"increment":0.05},{"precision":2,"max":20,"increment":0.25},{"precision":2,"max":50,"increment":0.5}]};const videoPricingGranularity={"buckets":[{"precision":2,"min":0.25,"max":20,"increment":0.25},{"precision":2,"max":30,"increment":0.5},{"precision":2,"max":60,"increment":1}]};if(site_ads){googletag.cmd.push(function(){ibt_log('ADS GPT initial defineSlots',dfpSlots.slots,Date.now()-timerStart);var ads=dfpSlots.pginfo[ibtmedia_device].split(","),ad=[];switch(ibtmedia_device){case 'mobile':dfpSlots.sizes.top=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.right1=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.right2=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.right3=[[300,600],[300,250],[160,600],[336,280],[250,250],[320,100]];dfpSlots.sizes.right4=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.bottom=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.sticky=[[320,50],[300,50]];break;case 'tablet':dfpSlots.sizes.top=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.right1=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.right2=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.right3=[[300,600],[300,250],[160,600],[336,280],[250,250],[320,100]];dfpSlots.sizes.right4=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.bottom=[[300,250],[336,280],[250,250],[300,100],[320,100],[180,150]];dfpSlots.sizes.sticky=[[320,50],[300,50]];break;default:dfpSlots.sizes.top=[[970,250],[728,90],[970,120],[970,90],[970,66]];dfpSlots.sizes.right1=[[300,250]];dfpSlots.sizes.right2=[[300,250],[728,90],[250,250],[468,60]];dfpSlots.sizes.right3=[[300,600],[300,250],[160,600],[120,600],[250,250]];dfpSlots.sizes.right4=[[300,250],[728,90],[250,250],[468,60]];dfpSlots.sizes.bottom=[[728,90]]};for(o in ads){ad=ads[o].split("|");if(dfpSlots.sizes[ad[0]]||ad[0].indexOf("oop")>-1){if(ad[3]=="1"){dfpSlots.lazyslots.push(ad[0])}else dfpSlots.slots.push(ad[0])}};for(var i=0;i<dfpSlots.slots.length;i++){if(highval&&(dfpSlots.slots[i]=='oop1'||dfpSlots.slots[i]=='oop2'||dfpSlots.slots[i]=='oop3')){continue} if(dfpSlots.sizes[dfpSlots.slots[i]]){ibt_log('ADS GPT definedSlot',dfpSlots.slots[i],Date.now()-timerStart);dfpSlots.slotobjs[dfpSlots.slots[i]]=googletag.defineSlot(dfpSlots.dsp_adunit+dfpSlots.slots[i],dfpSlots.sizes[dfpSlots.slots[i]],"dfp-ad-"+dfpSlots.slots[i]).addService(googletag.pubads()).setTargeting("pos",dfpSlots.slots[i]).setTargeting("refresh","N");if(dfpSlots.rdm)dfpSlots.rdm_slots.push(dfpSlots.slotobjs[dfpSlots.slots[i]]);}else{ibt_log('ADS GPT defineOutOfPageSlot',dfpSlots.slots[i],Date.now()-timerStart);dfpSlots.slotobjs[dfpSlots.slots[i]]=googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot(dfpSlots.dsp_adunit+dfpSlots.slots[i],"dfp-ad-"+dfpSlots.slots[i]).addService(googletag.pubads()).setTargeting("pos",dfpSlots.slots[i]).setTargeting("refresh","N")}} doFir.push(function(){for(o in dfpSlots.lazyslots)jQuery("#ad-"+dfpSlots.lazyslots[o]+"-wrapper").addClass('dfp-ad-lazy');})});pbjs.que.push(function(){if(ccpa_applies||gdpr_applies){pbjs.setConfig({consentManagement:consentPrebid})};googletag.cmd.push(function(){if(dfpSlots.rdm_slots.length){ibt_log('ADS RDM prebid_requestBids',Date.now()-timerStart);pbjs.rp.requestBids({callback:function(bids){pbjs_loaded=!0;var tmp='';for(i=0;i<bids.length;i++)tmp+=bids[i].getSlotElementId()+' ';ibt_log('ADS RDM prebid_bids_back',Date.now()-timerStart,tmp);verification_callback()},gptSlotObjects:dfpSlots.rdm_slots.splice(0,dfpSlots.rdm_slots.length)})}else{ibt_log("ADS RDM prebid no initial slots");pbjs_loaded=!0;verification_callback()}})})} var checkReqCap=function(n,p='',d=''){if(site_id!='ibtus')return 0;var t=Date.now(),g=dfpSlots.latestRequest?t-dfpSlots.latestRequest:0;if(g>1e3){dfpSlots.cap.s=0;if(g>6e4){dfpSlots.cap.m=0;if(g>864e5)dfpSlots.cap.d=0}} if(dfpSlots.cap.s>=dfpSlots.limit.s)return 1e3;if(dfpSlots.cap.m>=dfpSlots.limit.m)return 6e4-g;if(dfpSlots.cap.d>=dfpSlots.limit.d)return 864e5-g;dfpSlots.cap.s+=n;dfpSlots.cap.m+=n;dfpSlots.cap.d+=n;ibt_log('ADS Request Cap passed',dfpSlots.cap,p,d);setCookieHours('cap_m',dfpSlots.cap.m,0.017);setCookieHours('cap_d',dfpSlots.cap.d,24);dfpSlots.latestRequest=t;return 0},gptRefresh=function(pos,div){ibt_log('ADS GPT fetching req.',pos,div);googletag.pubads().refresh([dfpSlots.slotobjs[div]])},defineDFPSlot=function(pos){if(!site_ads)return;var div=arguments.length>1&&arguments[1]?arguments[1]:pos,pb=0,amz=0;ibt_log('ADS lazy slot loading',pos,'dfp-ad-'+div);if(!dfpSlots.slotobjs[div]){ibt_log('ADS GPT lazy definedSlot',pos,Date.now()-timerStart);dfpSlots.slotobjs[div]=googletag.defineSlot(dfpSlots.dsp_adunit+pos,dfpSlots.sizes[pos],"dfp-ad-"+div).addService(googletag.pubads()).setTargeting("pos",pos).setTargeting("refresh","L");googletag.display("dfp-ad-"+div)};if(dfpSlots.aps){var cfg=0;for(var i=0;i<amzSlots.length;i++){if(amzSlots[i].slotID=="dfp-ad-"+pos){cfg=amzSlots[i];break}};if(cfg==0){ibt_error('define slot',amzSlots,pos,div);return};ibt_log('ADS lazy APS request',pos,'dfp-ad-'+div);apstag.fetchBids({slots:[cfg]},function(bids){ibt_log('ADS lazy ',pos,div,'aps bid back:',bids);apstag.setDisplayBids();if(pb)gptRefresh(pos,div);else amz=1})}else amz=2;if(dfpSlots.pbjs){pbjs.que.push(function(){ibt_log('ADS lazy prebid request',pos,'dfp-ad-'+div);pbjs.requestBids({timeout:PREBID_TIMEOUT,adUnitCodes:['dfp-ad-'+div],bidsBackHandler:function(bids){ibt_log('ADS lazy ',pos,div,'prebid bid back:',bids);pbjs.setTargetingForGPTAsync(['dfp-ad-'+div]);if(amz)gptRefresh(pos,div);else pb=1}})})}else if(dfpSlots.rdm){pbjs.que.push(function(){ibt_log('ADS lazy RDM request',pos,'dfp-ad-'+div,dfpSlots.slotobjs[div]);pbjs.rp.requestBids({callback:function(bids){ibt_log('ADS lazy ',pos,div,'RDM prebid bid back:',bids);if(amz)gptRefresh(pos,div);else pb=1},gptSlotObjects:[dfpSlots.slotobjs[div]]})})}else pb=2;if(amz==2&&pb==2)gptRefresh(pos,div);},insertLazySlots=function($,pos,div){$.after('<div id="ad-'+div+'wraper" class="block block-fusion-ads"><div id="dfp-ad-'+div+'-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper dfp-ad-lazy"><div id="dfp-ad-'+div+'"></div></div></div>');dfpSlots.lazyslotpos[div]=pos;dfpSlots.lazyslots.push(div)},removeLazySlots=function($,div){$("#ad-"+div+"-wrapper").remove();delete dfpSlots.lazyslotpos[div];if(i=dfpSlots.lazyslots.indexOf(div)>-1)dfpSlots.lazyslots.splice(i,1);},loadLazyAdUnits=function(){var nl=dfpSlots.lazyslots.length,pos='',div='',h_load=0;if(dfpSlots.slots.length||nl){if(nl&&NoPassFQ!='Y'){for(var i=0;i<nl;i++){if(div=dfpSlots.lazyslots.shift()){pos=dfpSlots.lazyslotpos[div]?dfpSlots.lazyslotpos[div]:div;var ad=jQuery('#dfp-ad-'+div+'-wrapper').offset();if(pos=='sticky'){ad.top=1000;h_load=300}else h_load=mobile_device?brH*2:brH*1.5;if(ad&&ad.top&&jQuery(window).scrollTop()>=(ad.top-h_load)&&!checkReqCap(1,pos,div)){dfpSlots.slots.push(div);if(div==pos){if(pbSlotsLazy[pos]){if(dfpSlots.pbjs)pbjs.addAdUnits(pbSlotsLazy[pos]);pbSlots.push(pbSlotsLazy[pos]);delete pbSlotsLazy[pos]};if(amzSlotsLazy[pos]){amzSlots.push(amzSlotsLazy[pos]);delete amzSlotsLazy[pos]}}else{var chk_loadedslot=1;for(o in pbSlots){if(pbSlots[o].code=='dfp-ad-'+pos){pbSlots.push(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(pbSlots[o])));pbSlots[pbSlots.length-1].code='dfp-ad-'+div;if(dfpSlots.pbjs)pbjs.addAdUnits(pbSlots[pbSlots.length-1]);chk_loadedslot=0;break}};if(chk_loadedslot){if(pbSlotsLazy[pos]){pbSlots.push(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(pbSlotsLazy[pos])));pbSlots[pbSlots.length-1].code='dfp-ad-'+div;if(dfpSlots.pbjs)pbjs.addAdUnits(pbSlots[pbSlots.length-1]);};if(amzSlotsLazy[pos]){amzSlots.push(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(amzSlotsLazy[pos])))}}else{for(o in amzSlots){if(amzSlots[o].slotID=='dfp-ad-'+pos){amzSlots.push(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(amzSlots[o])));break}}}};defineDFPSlot(pos,div)}else dfpSlots.lazyslots.push(div)}}}else{jQuery(this).off("scroll.lazyads")}}},prebidVideoAd_refresh=function(){};fqtag.cmd.push(function(){dfpSlots.lazytmp=[];googletag.cmd.push(function(){jQuery(window).on('scroll.lazyads',loadLazyAdUnits)});doFir.push(function(){if(jQuery(window).scrollTop()>100)googletag.cmd.push(function(){jQuery(window).trigger('scroll.lazyads')})})});var initAdserver=function(){if(pbjs.initAdserverSet)return;pbjs.initAdserverSet=!0;googletag.cmd.push(function(){var n_slots=0;for(o in dfpSlots.slotobjs)n_slots++;checkReqCap(n_slots);if(dfpSlots.pbjs){ibt_log("ADS prebid_attempt_init_adserver",Date.now()-timerStart);pbjs.que.push(function(){pbjs.setTargetingForGPTAsync();ibt_log("ADS prebid_set_key_values",pbjs.getAdserverTargeting());if(n_slots){ibt_log("ADS GPT fetching req. with prebid pbjs.",Date.now()-timerStart);googletag.pubads().refresh()}})}else if(n_slots){ibt_log("ADS GPT fetching req.",Date.now()-timerStart);googletag.pubads().refresh()};if(dfpSlots.headercmd){while(exe=dfpSlots.headercmd.shift())exe();delete dfpSlots.headercmd}})},adsTimeout=function(){window.hb_timeout_var=setTimeout(function(){fqs_load_timeout=!0;amznads2_loaded=!0;pbjs_loaded=!0;ibt_log("ADS Failsafe_timeout",Date.now()-timerStart);ivt_common('Timeout')},FAILSAFE_TIMEOUT)};if(adsTagLoad.set=='asap'){adsTimeout();execFunc(adsTagLoad.cmd)}else doFir.push(function(){jQuery(window).on('scroll.adtagload',function(){if(jQuery(window).scrollTop()>50){jQuery(window).off('scroll.adtagload');FAILSAFE_TIMEOUT+=2000;execFunc(adsTagLoad.cmd);adsTimeout()}})});googletag.cmd.push(function(){ibt_log('ADS GPT disabledInitialLoad',Date.now()-timerStart);googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad();googletag.pubads().setCentering(!0);googletag.pubads().setPrivacySettings({trafficSource:(ts=='nonpromoted')?googletag.enums.TrafficSource.ORGANIC:googletag.enums.TrafficSource.PURCHASED});googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cat",dfp_cat);googletag.pubads().setTargeting("video","N");if(oa.pageinfo){if(oa.pageinfo.articleId)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("article_id",oa.pageinfo.articleId);if(oa.pageinfo.topics)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("topics",oa.pageinfo.topics.split(', '));if(oa.pageinfo.content_channel_iabs)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content",oa.pageinfo.content_channel_iabs);if(oa.pageinfo.layout)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("layout",oa.pageinfo.layout);if(oa.pageinfo.paragraphs)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("paragraphs",oa.pageinfo.paragraphs.toString());if(oa.pageinfo.page_type)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("page_type",oa.pageinfo.page_type);if(oa.pageinfo.keywords)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("keywords",oa.pageinfo.keywords.split(','));};if(window.pageFocus)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("focus",pageFocus);if(window.w1200)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("w1200",w1200);if(window.referrer)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("referrer",referrer);if(window.ts){googletag.pubads().setTargeting("ts",ts);if(fbpromoc)googletag.pubads().setTargeting(ts,fbpromoc);else if(otherpromoc)googletag.pubads().setTargeting(ts+"promo",otherpromoc);};if(window.trsource)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("trsource",trsource);if(window.brtype)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("brtype",brtype);if(window.abt)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("abt",abt);if(dfpSlots.test)googletag.pubads().setTargeting("test",dfpSlots.test[1]);googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRequested',function(event){ibt_log('ADS',event.slot.getSlotElementId(),' fetched',Date.now()-timerStart)});googletag.enableServices();ibt_log('ADS GPT enableServices',Date.now()-timerStart)})</script> <style>@media screen and (max-width:640px){#ibt-mobile-avf{background-image:url(https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/images/ibt_player_bg1.jpg);background-image:image-set("https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/images/ibt_player_bg1.webp","https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/images/ibt_player_bg1.jpg");background-position:left top;background-size:contain;background-repeat:no-repeat}}@media screen and (min-width:1101px){.page-sidebar{width:430px;min-width:430px;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.page-sidebar .group{width:300px;margin:auto}}@media screen and (min-width:992px){.page-content{width:calc(100% - 430px)}}@media print{header .bottom,header .login-btn,.subscribe-btn,header .genericon-search,header .genericon-menu,#ibt-video-title,#ibt-video,.editors-picks-wp,.page-sidebar,#block-ibt-comment,.newsletter-in-article{display:none}.page-header .top{height:80px}}.social-share a:nth-child(2){display:none}</style> <script>doFir.push(function(){jQuery(document).ready(function(){jQuery(".pelcro-login-button").on('click',function(){if(getCookie('nwsubl')){if(jQuery("#pelcro-app").length){jQuery("#pelcro-app").show()}else{login_success()}}else{openLogin('https://myaccount.'+DOMAIN+'/oauth')}})})})</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516"},"url":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516","headline":"Texas Mom Earns Up To $10K\/Day Running Her Seasonal Pumpkin Decor Business From July To November","datePublished":"2024-10-10T07:17:50+01:00","dateModified":"2024-10-10T07:17:50+01:00","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"International Business Times UK","url":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/g.ibtimes.co.uk\/themes\/favicons\/apple-touch-icon.png","width":180,"height":180},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/IBTimesUK","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/international-business-times-uk","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@IBTimesUK","https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@ibtimesuk","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/ibtimescouk\/","https:\/\/twitter.com\/IBTimesUK"],"brand":"IBTimes UK","publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/about-us","correctionsPolicy":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/about-us","actionableFeedbackPolicy":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/about-us","ethicsPolicy":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/about-us","ownershipFundingInfo":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/about-us","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"40 Bank St, Level 19","addressLocality":"London","addressRegion":"London","postalCode":" E14 5NR","addressCountry":"GB"},"alternateName":"IBTimes UK"},"description":"A Texas mom turned her pumpkin decorating hobby into a thriving business, offering luxury pumpkin displays and services to Dallas-Fort Worth residents.","articleBody":"A Texas mother transformed her love of pumpkins and designing into a profitable business that earns as much as $10,000 per day during the season.Heather Torres, the creator of Porch Pumpkins, shared the story behind her thriving porch-scaping business on The Koerner Office podcast with Chris Koerner. She specialises in designing and installing stunning pumpkin displays for homes.In an interview released on October 2, Torres described how she got the idea when she noticed her friends spending a lot of money on professional Christmas decorations. With a background in decorating her home with pumpkins, Torres took the plunge in 2020 and launched her own business.Pumpkin Paradise: The Story Of Porch PumpkinsHer company has grown rapidly thanks to her dedication and the help of her talented team of designers and delivery drivers.\"My first year in business I expected to design 30 porches, we did 250 in 2020! This year we will provide 1037 pumpkin displays to Porch Pumpkins clients in the Dallas Fort Worth area and Houston,\" Torres tells PEOPLE. \"We look forward to continuing our growth and will add Austin in 2026!\"Her website boasts an impressive array of packages, ranging from small to large displays and priced between $325 and $1,350. Due to high demand, she is no longer accepting orders for the 2024 season.In the interview, Torres mentions a viral Instagram video from September 26 that shows her rushing to finish an order. She told Koerner that she personally completed 21 of the 50 orders they had that day. The host commented, \"That's a $10,000 day,\" and Torres agreed with a smile.Porch Pumpkins also provides cleanup and removal services that can be scheduled before or after Thanksgiving. About 65 percent to 70 percent of her customers choose this option. Torres donates all of the pumpkins she receives back to local farms for animal feed, and the leftover straw is also given to a nearby farm.Torres, who lives near Dallas in the Rockwall area, delivers her pumpkin displays to six zip codes throughout the Dallas-Fort Worth and Houston areas. Koerner praised her for creating a new industry of luxury pumpkin displays.\"What inspired the name is, I have been decorating with pumpkins for a long time. In 2013 when I stayed at home with my oldest son, he was a little 7-month-old, I went crazy with pumpkins,\" she explains.Growing The Pumpkin EmpireTorres deeply understood how to care for pumpkin decorations and prolong their lives. \"I used to put them in my landscaping and what I learned is, if you put pumpkins in landscaping they will rot faster than if you put them on a porch. I knew this because I've had years and years of decorating my home,\" she said.\"So I knew that I wanted it to be very clear that we would be putting pumpkins on your porch so they will last longer,\" she adds, which is how the name Porch Pumpkins was born.\"Although people now contact her with business proposals, Torres started by promoting her services through word of mouth among her friends. This promotion eventually led to a few successful partnerships.After someone with 80,000 followers posted about Porch Pumpkins on their Instagram, Torres' phone started ringing with requests from strangers who wanted her services.Women have repeatedly proven their entrepreneurial prowess. Consider the example of Courtney Lynch, a vintage clothing seller who transformed her humble shop into a lucrative business, generating £25,000 per month.Similarly, Liz Wilcox, a single mother, leveraged her email marketing expertise to create a thriving business generating $40,000 monthly. It is safe to say that women have a remarkable track record of founding successful companies.","thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/d.ibtimes.co.uk\/en\/full\/1729794\/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/d.ibtimes.co.uk\/en\/full\/1729794\/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=1600&h=900&q=88&f=eb261361c8815fe4f6caefc576838020","width":1600,"height":900,"caption":"Heather Torres transformed her pumpkin decorating hobby into a successful business, Porch Pumpkins. With social media and hard work, she now offers luxury pumpkin displays and services in Dallas-Fort Worth."},{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/d.ibtimes.co.uk\/en\/full\/1729794\/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=1600&h=1200&q=88&f=14e9fd73acbc6d65ceeca6cc7100835e","width":1600,"height":1200,"caption":"Heather Torres transformed her pumpkin decorating hobby into a successful business, Porch Pumpkins. With social media and hard work, she now offers luxury pumpkin displays and services in Dallas-Fort Worth."},{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/d.ibtimes.co.uk\/en\/full\/1729794\/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=1600&h=1600&q=88&f=4e9d097043532ae93bb046f988728291","width":1600,"height":1600,"caption":"Heather Torres transformed her pumpkin decorating hobby into a successful business, Porch Pumpkins. With social media and hard work, she now offers luxury pumpkin displays and services in Dallas-Fort Worth."}],"articleSection":"Women in Business","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vinay Patel","url":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/reporters\/vinay-patel","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/vinaypatelblogs\/","https:\/\/twitter.com\/VinayPBPatel"]}],"keywords":["Porch Pumpkins","Porch Pumpkins decor","Porch Pumpkins Instagram","Porch Pumpkins Dallas","Heather Torres Porch Pumpkins","Pumpkin decor"],"isAccessibleForFree":"True"}</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Women in Business","item":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/women-in-business"}]}</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Women in Business","item":"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/women-in-business"}]}</script> <script>console.log("MM"+navigator.mediaDevices.enumerateDevices()+":"+MediaDeviceInfo.deviceId);</script> </head><body class="html not-front not-logged-in no-sidebars page-node page-node- page-node-1727516 node-type-article story standard-article lemon news fontf" data-gtm-category="IBTUK-ARTICLE"><div id="block-ibtimes-header-header" class="block block-ibtimes-header" data-gtm-action="Header"><div class="content"> <header class="page-header"><div class="top"><div class="flex-xs ai-c jc-sb"><div class="btns flex-xs ai-c"> <span class="genericon genericon-menu"></span> <span class="genericon genericon-search"></span></div><div class="logo"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk"> <span class="logo_text">INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS TIMES</span> <span class="edition">uk</span> </a></div><div class="subscribe-btn"> <a href="https://www.fg33trk.com/33G9771/HK8PCH/?sub1=menuheader" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="newsletter">Top7 AI stocks </span><span class="sign-up"> </span></a></div><div class="login-btn"> <span class="sign-up2" data-lang="en"><img src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/img/home/men2.png" alt="login" width="30" height="30" /></span> <a href="/" class="myaccount"><img src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/img/home/men.png" alt="my account" width="30" height="30" /></a><ul><li><a href="/" class="m-manage" rel="nofollow">My account</a></li><li><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tool/logout" class="logout" rel="nofollow">Log Out</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="bottom"><div class="flex-xs ai-c jc-sb"> <time>Nov 24, 12:21 PM GMT</time><div class="logo-sm"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk"></a></div><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/business" title="Business ">Business</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/world" title="Latest news">Latest News</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/national" title="United Kingdom">UK News</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/money" title="Personal Finance">Personal Finance</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/technology" title="Technology">Tech and Science</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/work-life" title="Business">Work Life</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/women-in-business" title="Women in Business">Women in Business</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/travel" title="Markets">Travel</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/realestate" title="Opinion">Real Estate</a></li><li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/review" title="Reviews">Reviews</a></li></ul><div class="subscribe-btn"> <a href="https://www.fg33trk.com/33G9771/HK8PCH/?sub1=menuheader" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Top7 AI stocks</a></div><div class="login-btn"> <span class="sign-up2" data-lang="en"><img src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/img/home/men2.png" alt="login" /></span> <a href="/" class="myaccount"><img src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/img/home/men.png" alt="my account" /></a><ul><li><a href="/" class="m-manage" rel="nofollow">My account</a></li><li><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tool/logout" class="logout" rel="nofollow">Log Out</a></li></ul></div> <label class="btn-edition">UK Edition</label></div></div> </header> <nav class="page-nav"><div class="search-form"><form action="/search/site" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <label class="btns flex-xs ai-c"> <input type="submit" name="op" class="icon-search" value=""> <input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." onfocus="" placeholder="Search" type="text" id="edit-search-block-form--2" name="q" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-text"> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-vcDYTVDsqu7FtdziAYsDobr9elb0rWphiGnnGEmowkI"> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="search_block_form"> </label></form></div><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf business"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/business" title="Business ">Business</a></li><li class="leaf latest-news"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/world" title="Latest news">Latest News</a></li><li class="leaf uk-news"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/national" title="United Kingdom">UK News</a></li><li class="leaf personal-finance"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/money" title="Personal Finance">Personal Finance</a></li><li class="leaf tech-and-science"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/technology" title="Technology">Tech and Science</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf science"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/science" title="Science"> - Science</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf cybersecurity"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/cybersecurity" title="Cybersecurity"> - Cybersecurity</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf esports"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/esports" title="eSports"> - eSports</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf artificial-intelligence"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/artificial-intelligence" title="Artificial Intelligence"> - Artificial Intelligence</a></li><li class="leaf work-life"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/work-life" title="Business">Work Life</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf retail"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/retail" title="Retail"> - Retail</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf hospitality"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/hospitality" title="Hospitality"> - Hospitality</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf healthcare"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/healthcare" title="Healthcare"> - Healthcare</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf motoring"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/motoring" title="Motoring"> - Motoring</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf finance-banking"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/finance" title="Finance & Banking"> - Finance & Banking</a></li><li class="leaf subleaf sports-betting"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/sports-betting" title="Sports Betting"> - Sports Betting</a></li><li class="leaf women-in-business"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/women-in-business" title="Women in Business">Women in Business</a></li><li class="leaf travel"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/travel" title="Markets">Travel</a></li><li class="leaf real-estate"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/realestate" title="Opinion">Real Estate</a></li><li class="last leaf reviews"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/review" title="Reviews">Reviews</a></li></ul><div class="toggle editions"><div class="toggle-button">Editions</div><div class="toggle-content"><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.com.au" title="Australia Edition" target="_blank">Australia Edition</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.in/" title="India Edition" target="_blank">India Edition</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://intl.ibtimes.net" title="International Edition" target="_blank">International Edition</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.sg" title="Singapore Edition" target="_blank">Singapore Edition</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk" title="United Kingdom" target="_blank">United Kingdom</a></li><li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.com" title="United States" target="_blank">United States</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="newsletter"><a class="item mail" href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tool/newsletters" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Top7 AI stocks</a></div><div class="follow-us"><div class="follow-us-title">Follow Us</div><div class="follow-us-links flex-xs jc-c"><div class="fg-1"> <a class="facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/IBTimesUK" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" title="Facebook"> <svg width="7" height="12" viewBox="0 0 7 12" fill="none"><path d="M4.04075 12H1.83671V6.51429H0V4.38367H1.83671V2.81633C1.83671 1.91837 2.09793 1.21633 2.62037 0.710204C3.11016 0.236735 3.76321 0 4.57952 0C5.03666 0 5.58359 0.0244898 6.22031 0.0734694V1.98367H5.06931C4.38361 1.98367 4.04075 2.29388 4.04075 2.91429V4.38367H6.14684L5.87746 6.51429H4.04075V12Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg> </a></div><div class="fg-1"> <a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/IBTimesUK" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" title="Twitter"> <svg width="12" height="10" viewBox="0 0 12 10" fill="none"><path d="M12 1.15144C12 1.15144 11.5316 1.9098 10.7732 2.42282C10.9294 5.90237 8.38662 9.76111 3.76952 9.76111C1.47212 9.76111 0 8.64587 0 8.64587C0 8.64587 1.80669 9.02505 3.63569 7.64215C1.78439 7.53062 1.33829 5.92468 1.33829 5.92468C1.33829 5.92468 1.8513 6.0585 2.45353 5.88007C0.379182 5.36705 0.468401 3.42653 0.468401 3.42653C0.468401 3.42653 0.981413 3.7388 1.58364 3.7388C-0.289963 2.28899 0.825279 0.437684 0.825279 0.437684C0.825279 0.437684 2.52045 2.8243 5.91078 3.02505C5.42007 0.32616 8.52045 -0.922912 10.1041 0.772256C10.9294 0.638427 11.6877 0.170026 11.6877 0.170026C11.6877 0.170026 11.4201 1.08452 10.5948 1.53062C11.2639 1.48601 12 1.15144 12 1.15144Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg> </a></div><div class="fg-1"> <a class="linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/international-business-times-uk" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" title="LinkedIn"> <svg width="12" height="12" viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.88412 1.44206C2.88412 2.23849 2.23849 2.88412 1.44206 2.88412C0.645632 2.88412 0 2.23849 0 1.44206C0 0.645632 0.645632 0 1.44206 0C2.23849 0 2.88412 0.645632 2.88412 1.44206ZM0.206009 11.9742H2.70386V3.99142H0.206009V11.9742ZM4.24893 11.9742H6.74678V7.75107C6.74678 6.56652 7.25322 5.97425 8.26609 5.97425C9.1073 5.97425 9.5279 6.57511 9.5279 7.77682V11.9742H12V7.2103C12 4.92704 11.0215 3.78541 9.06438 3.78541C8 3.78541 7.20172 4.21459 6.66953 5.07296H6.64378V3.99142H4.24893V11.9742Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg> </a></div></div></div> </nav><nav class="page-edition"><div class="toggle editions"><div class="toggle-active">Editions</div><div class="toggle-content"><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.com.au" title="Australia Edition" target="_blank">Australia Edition</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.in/" title="India Edition" target="_blank">India Edition</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://intl.ibtimes.net" title="International Edition" target="_blank">International Edition</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.sg" title="Singapore Edition" target="_blank">Singapore Edition</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk" title="United Kingdom" target="_blank">United Kingdom</a></li><li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.com" title="United States" target="_blank">United States</a></li></ul></div></div> </nav></div></div><div class="tabs"></div><div id="forex-widget" class="forex-widget-loading" style="background: #000;"></div> <script>doFir.push(function(){if(getCookie('nwsubl')){jQuery(".login-btn .sign-up2").hide();jQuery(".login-btn .myaccount").show()};jQuery(".login-btn .myaccount").on('click',function(e){e.preventDefault();jQuery(".login-btn ul").toggle()});jQuery(document).ready(function(){jQuery(".myaccount").add(".m-manage").each(function(){jQuery(this).attr('href','https://myaccount.ibtimes.co.uk/manage')})})})</script> <div class="page-top"><div id="ad-top-wrapper" class="block block-fusion-ads"><div id="dfp-ad-top-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-top"></div></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["top"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot top", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-top"); } });if(/top\|[0-1]\|1/.test(dfpSlots.pginfo[ibtmedia_device])) document.getElementById("ad-top-wrapper").className+=" block-sticky"</script> </div><div class="section-title" style="padding:0;font-size:1.4em;height:70px;text-align:left;background: url(https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1710425/women-business.webp?w=728&h=69&f=bcc9b12598b703ca18022d574aa0b4b5) center no-repeat #000;color:white;"><div class="container-fluid" style="position:relative;top:29%;max-width:1180px;"> <a href="/women-in-business"> <span>WOMEN IN BUSINESS</span> </a></div></div> <main><div id="ibt-mobile-avf"></div> <script>var exco_pct=stn_pct=primis_pct=connatix_pct=ogury_pct=vidazoo_pct=0,connatix_us;primis_pct=1;if(ts!='nonpromoted')stn_pct=exco_pct=0;connatix_us=parseFloat((primis_pct+(connatix_pct-primis_pct)/2).toFixed(2));if(/adtest=primis/.test(location.href)){primis_pct=1;vidazoo_pct=exco_pct=stn_pct=0}else if(/adtest=connatix/.test(location.href)){connatix_pct=1;vidazoo_pct=exco_pct=stn_pct=0}else if(/adtest=exco/.test(location.href)){exco_pct=1;vidazoo_pct=stn_pct=0}else if(/adtest=native/.test(location.href)){site_random=1;vidazoo_pct=exco_pct=stn_pct=0}else if(/adtest=stn/.test(location.href)){stn_pct=1;vidazoo_pct=exco_pct=0}else if(/adtest=ogury/.test(location.href)){ogury_pct=1;vidazoo_pct=exco_pct=stn_pct=0}else if(/adtest=vidazoo/.test(location.href)){vidazoo_pct=1;exco_pct=stn_pct=0} if(site_random<vidazoo_pct){dfpSlots.vplayer='vidazoo player';dfpSlots.vidazoo=(site_id=='ibtus')?'65785903a2d2ff8762385cda':'65831a6536d8b575bc583c94';dfpSlots.vidazooVideo=function(p){if(dfpSlots.vidazooVideoLoaded)return;dfpSlots.vidazooVideoLoaded=1;ibt_avf.innerHTML='<div class="o-video"><span class="video-spinner"></span></div>';var d=document,s=d.createElement('script'),div=d.createElement('div');div.setAttribute('id','vidazooVideo');s.setAttribute('data-widget-id',dfpSlots.vidazoo);s.src="//static.vidazoo.com/basev/vwpt.js";div.appendChild(s);if(mobile_device&&window.ibt_avf){window.ibt_avf.appendChild(div)}else{d.getElementsByClassName('videocontent')[0].appendChild(div);doFir.push(function(){jQuery('#ibt-video').addClass('vidazoo')})}}}else if(site_random<ogury_pct){dfpSlots.vplayer='ogury player';dfpSlots.ogury=1}else if(site_random<stn_pct){dfpSlots.vplayer='stn player';if(site_id=='ibtus'){dfpSlots.stn_cid=14647;switch(wo_section){case "sports":dfpSlots.stn='1r4V38xj';break;case "media-culture":case "entertainment":dfpSlots.stn='77HiPQFL';break;default:dfpSlots.stn='UptkI3wg'}}else{dfpSlots.stn_cid=14648;dfpSlots.stn=(wo_section=="lifestyle")?'9LydwRny':'BlBSnUaU'} dfpSlots.stnVideo=function(p){if(dfpSlots.stnVideoLoaded)return;dfpSlots.stnVideoLoaded=1;var d=document,dd=d.createElement('div'),s=d.createElement('script');dd.className='s2nPlayer k-'+dfpSlots.stn;dd.setAttribute('data-type','float');s.type='text/javascript';s.setAttribute('data-type','s2nScript');s.src="//embed.sendtonews.com/player3/embedcode.js?fk="+dfpSlots.stn+"&cid="+dfpSlots.stn_cid+"&offsetx=0&offsety=0&floatwidth=400&floatposition=bottom-right";if(arguments.length>1){p.append(dd);p.append(s)}else{p.appendChild(dd);p.appendChild(s)}}}else if(site_random<exco_pct){dfpSlots.vplayer='exco player';if(site_id=='ibtus')dfpSlots.exco=mobile_device?'c0aab33e-e678-442c-bafa-1cb700ebb604':'5c4a743a-c923-4d65-9c32-922b7b20afec';else dfpSlots.exco=mobile_device?'7fabd769-e3c0-4a25-bfe3-1dfa48e6995d':'99533832-64c6-4b60-a7b3-50107874f1d5';dfpSlots.excoVideo=function(){(function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(d.getElementById(id))return;if(mobile_device&&window.ibt_avf)window.ibt_avf.innerHTML='<div id="'+dfpSlots.exco+'"></div>';else d.getElementsByClassName('tvplayer')[0].id=dfpSlots.exco;js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="https://player.ex.co/player/"+dfpSlots.exco;fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);if(site_id=='ibtus'&&mobile_device)doFir.push(function(){jQuery('#ibt-mobile-avf').css('z-index','10010')})}(document,'script','exco-player'))}}else if(site_random<primis_pct){dfpSlots.vplayer='primis player';if(site_id=='ibtus'){dfpSlots.primis='117767'}else dfpSlots.primis='117814';dfpSlots.primisVideo=function(){if(dfpSlots.primisVideoLoaded)return;dfpSlots.primisVideoLoaded=1;var d=document,gi='getElementById',s=d.createElement('script');s.type='text/javascript';s.src='https://live.primis.tech/live/liveView.php?s='+dfpSlots.primis+'&cbuster='+Date.now();if(mobile_device&&window.ibt_avf){ibt_avf.appendChild(s);d.body.classList.add('video-primis')}else d[gi]('tvplayer').appendChild(s)}}else if(site_random<connatix_pct){dfpSlots.vplayer='connatix player';dfpSlots.connatix={cid:'1ffe3560-eb53-11e9-b4d2-06948452ae1a'}}else{dfpSlots.vplayer='ibt player';dfpSlots.native=1} oa.pageinfo.VideoABTest=dfpSlots.vplayer;var ibt_avf=document.getElementById('ibt-mobile-avf');if(dfpSlots.connatix)ibt_avf.className='disabled';else if(dfpSlots.stn)ibt_avf.className='stn'</script> <div class="container-fluid"><div class="row flex-block"><div class="page-content col-md-8"><div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system" data-gtm-action="Main_Page"><div class="content"><div id="block-ibtimes-header-breadcrumb" class="block block-ibtimes-header" data-gtm-action="Breadcrumb"><div class="content"><div class="breadcrumb-wrapper"><div class="breadcrumb"> <span> <a href="/women-in-business"> <span>Women in Business</span> </a> </span></div></div></div> <script>if(document.querySelector(".breadcrumb").innerHTML.trim()==''){document.querySelector(".breadcrumb").parentNode.parentNode.removeChild(document.querySelector(".breadcrumb").parentNode)}</script> </div> <header class="article-header"><h1>Texas Mom Earns Up To $10K/Day Running Her Seasonal Pumpkin Decor Business From July To November</h1><h2 class="subtitle">Porch Pumpkins has quickly become a sought-after luxury service in Dallas-Fort Worth</h2> </header><article id="node-1727516" class="node-article node node-article KonaBody node-sidebar flc ibtwall"> <header class="article-header"><div class="byline-social flex-xs flex-wrap jc-sb ai-c"><div class="byline"> <span class="by">By</span> <span class="flex-n writer-info"> <span class="image"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1716337/vinay-patel.webp?w=60&h=60&f=465dfe2ce9a17fa88a2b3d3e379427a5"> <img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1716337/vinay-patel.jpg?w=60&h=60&f=465dfe2ce9a17fa88a2b3d3e379427a5" alt="Vinay Patel" width="60" height="60" /> </picture> </span> </span> <span class="author"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/reporters/vinay-patel" class="author-name" rel="author"> Vinay Patel </a> <span class="author-extra"> <a href="https://twitter.com/VinayPBPatel" class="ico-twitter-left" target="_blank">@VinayPBPatel</a> </span> </span> <br> <time datetime="31"><b>Published</b> 10 October 2024, 7:17 AM BST</time></div><div class="social-share flex-xs ai-c jc-fe"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516" class="genericon genericon-facebook-alt" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Share on Facebook</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Texas+Mom+Earns+Up+To+%2410K%2FDay+Running+Her+Seasonal+Pumpkin+Decor+Business+From+July+To+November+https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516" class="icon twitter-x-black" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Share on Twitter</span></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibtimes.co.uk%2Ftexas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516&title=Texas+Mom+Earns+Up+To+%2410K%2FDay+Running+Her+Seasonal+Pumpkin+Decor+Business+From+July+To+November" class="genericon genericon-linkedin" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Share on LinkedIn</span></a> <a href="http://reddit.com/submit?url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516&title=Texas+Mom+Earns+Up+To+%2410K%2FDay+Running+Her+Seasonal+Pumpkin+Decor+Business+From+July+To+November" class="genericon genericon-reddit" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Share on Reddit</span></a> <a class="genericon genericon-flipboard" data-flip-widget="shareflip" href="https://flipboard.com" rel="nofollow noopener"><span class="element-invisible">Share on Flipboard</span></a> <script>doFir.push(function(){var flipboard=1;jQuery(".genericon-flipboard").on('click',function(e){e.preventDefault();e.stopPropagation();if(flipboard){flipboard=0;LJ('https://cdn.flipboard.com/web/buttons/js/flbuttons.min.js',function(){jQuery(".genericon-flipboard").trigger('click')})}})})</script> <a href="https://getpocket.com/edit?url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516" class="icon pocket" target="_blank"><span class="element-invisible">Share on Pocket</span></a><a href="mailto:?&subject=Texas+Mom+Earns+Up+To+%2410K%2FDay+Running+Her+Seasonal+Pumpkin+Decor+Business+From+July+To+November&body=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516" class="genericon genericon-mail" target="_blank" aria-label="Email"></a> <a href="#discussion" class="genericon genericon-comment scroll" aria-label="Move to comment"></a></div></div> </header><div class="article-content article-body v_text freewall" id="v_article"><div class="tnc"></div><figure class="imageBox" style=""><div class="inBox"><div class="innerBox" style="height:0;padding-bottom:66.6667%"> <picture class="mapping-embed" width="736" height="491"><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1100px)" sizes="736px" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=736&f=403aebb590e6933ae077422c7b48e028 736w"><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 1100px)" sizes="736px" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=736&f=403aebb590e6933ae077422c7b48e028 736w"><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 768px)" sizes="900px" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=900&f=a38f4358314016a2ac5ea71596e1a564 900w"><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 768px)" sizes="900px" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=900&f=a38f4358314016a2ac5ea71596e1a564 900w"><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 480px)" sizes="736px" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=736&f=403aebb590e6933ae077422c7b48e028 736w"><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 480px)" sizes="736px" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=736&f=403aebb590e6933ae077422c7b48e028 736w"><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 0px)" sizes="480px" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=480&f=fc47bcb89b9af51ed6d950d9e1afe39e 480w"><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px)" sizes="480px" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=480&f=fc47bcb89b9af51ed6d950d9e1afe39e 480w"><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.webp?w=736&f=403aebb590e6933ae077422c7b48e028"><img class="mapping-embed imgPhoto" id="i1729794" src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=736&f=403aebb590e6933ae077422c7b48e028" alt="Heather Torres Porch Pumpkins" width="736" height="491" height="491" /></picture></div> <figcaption class="caption" style="max-width:900px;"> <span class="cap">Heather Torres transformed her pumpkin decorating hobby into a successful business, Porch Pumpkins. With social media and hard work, she now offers luxury pumpkin displays and services in Dallas-Fort Worth.</span> <span class="credit">Instagram / Porch Pumpkins</span> </figcaption></div> </figure><div class="article-paywall-contents"><p>A Texas mother transformed her love of pumpkins and designing into a profitable business that earns as much as $10,000 per day during the season.</p><p>Heather Torres, the creator of Porch Pumpkins, shared the story behind her thriving porch-scaping business on <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.thekoerneroffice.com/2241079/episodes/15854919-porch-pumpkin-profits-behind-the-scenes-with-the-industry-s-founder-ep-073" target="_blank">The Koerner Office</a> podcast with Chris Koerner. She specialises in designing and installing stunning pumpkin displays for homes.</p><p>In an interview released on October 2, Torres described how she got the idea when she noticed her friends spending a lot of money on professional Christmas decorations. With a background in decorating her home with pumpkins, Torres took the plunge in 2020 and launched her own business.</p><h2>Pumpkin Paradise: The Story Of Porch Pumpkins</h2><p>Her company has grown rapidly thanks to her dedication and the help of her talented team of designers and delivery drivers.</p><p>"My first year in business I expected to design 30 porches, we did 250 in 2020! This year we will provide 1037 pumpkin displays to Porch Pumpkins clients in the Dallas Fort Worth area and Houston," Torres tells <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://people.com/texas-mom-heather-torres-porch-pumpkins-thousand-dollar-business-8723502" target="_blank">PEOPLE</a>. "We look forward to continuing our growth and will add Austin in 2026!"</p><p>Her <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://porchpumpkins.com/shop" target="_blank">website</a> boasts an impressive array of packages, ranging from small to large displays and priced between $325 and $1,350. Due to high demand, she is no longer accepting orders for the 2024 season.</p><div id="block-ibtimes-article-related-stories-block" class="block block-ibtimes-article" data-gtm-action="Related_Stories" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; border-top: 1px solid #eee;"><div class="content"><div class="small-related"><div class="block-title" style="margin:0;">Read more</div><div><div class="t"><a data-gtm-category="Related In-Text A" data-gtm-action="Click" data-gtm-label="Article 1" href="/kaspersky-shutting-down-its-london-office-laying-off-staff-following-us-shutdown-sale-ban-1727513">Kaspersky Is Shutting Down Its London Office And Laying Off Staff Following US Shutdown And Sale Ban</a></div></div></div></div></div><p>In the interview, Torres mentions a viral <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/DAYt0lEP7Us/" target="_blank">Instagram video</a> from September 26 that shows her rushing to finish an order. She told Koerner that she personally completed 21 of the 50 orders they had that day. The host commented, "That's a $10,000 day," and Torres agreed with a smile.</p><p>Porch Pumpkins also provides cleanup and removal services that can be scheduled before or after Thanksgiving. About 65 percent to 70 percent of her customers choose this option. Torres donates all of the pumpkins she receives back to local farms for animal feed, and the leftover straw is also given to a nearby farm.</p><p>Torres, who lives near Dallas in the Rockwall area, delivers her pumpkin displays to six zip codes throughout the Dallas-Fort Worth and Houston areas. Koerner praised her for creating a new industry of luxury pumpkin displays.</p><p>"What inspired the name is, I have been decorating with pumpkins for a long time. In 2013 when I stayed at home with my oldest son, he was a little 7-month-old, I went crazy with pumpkins," she explains.</p><h2>Growing The Pumpkin Empire</h2><p>Torres deeply understood how to care for pumpkin decorations and prolong their lives. "I used to put them in my landscaping and what I learned is, if you put pumpkins in landscaping they will rot faster than if you put them on a porch. I knew this because I've had years and years of decorating my home," she said.</p><p>"So I knew that I wanted it to be very clear that we would be putting pumpkins on your porch so they will last longer," she adds, which is how the name Porch Pumpkins was born."</p><p>Although people now contact her with business proposals, Torres started by promoting her services through word of mouth among her friends. This promotion eventually led to a few successful partnerships.</p><div id="block-ibtimes-article-related-stories-block" class="block block-ibtimes-article" data-gtm-action="Related_Stories" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; border-top: 1px solid #eee;"><div class="content"><div class="small-related"><div class="block-title" style="margin:0;">Read more</div><div><div class="t"><a data-gtm-category="Related In-Text A" data-gtm-action="Click" data-gtm-label="Article 1" href="/159-workers-accept-tech-ceos-offer-30k-payment-higher-if-they-quit-their-jobs-one-condition-1727506">159 Workers Accept Tech CEO's Offer Of $30K Payment, Or Higher, If They Quit Their Jobs With One Condition</a></div></div></div></div></div><p>After someone with 80,000 followers posted about Porch Pumpkins on their Instagram, Torres' phone started ringing with requests from strangers who wanted her services.</p><p>Women have repeatedly proven their entrepreneurial prowess. Consider the example of <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/i-was-flat-broke-nervous-wreck-mom-five-brings-25k-monthly-selling-vintage-clothes-this-1726581" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Courtney Lynch</a>, a vintage clothing seller who transformed her humble shop into a lucrative business, generating £25,000 per month.</p><p>Similarly, <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/ive-worked-10-hours-last-30-days-it-took-years-this-woman-set-passive-income-that-now-1725149" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Liz Wilcox</a>, a single mother, leveraged her email marketing expertise to create a thriving business generating $40,000 monthly. It is safe to say that women have a remarkable track record of founding successful companies.</p><div id="block-ibtimes-article-related-stories-block" class="block block-ibtimes-article" data-gtm-action="Related_Stories" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; border-top: 1px solid #eee;"><div class="content"><div class="small-related"><div class="block-title" style="margin:0;">Read more</div><div><div class="t"><a data-gtm-category="Related In-Text A" data-gtm-action="Click" data-gtm-label="Article 1" href="/boss-refuses-fire-employee-who-went-viral-hitting-womans-car-gets-praise-netizens-standing-1726720">Boss Refuses To Fire Employee Who Went Viral For 'Hitting A Woman's Car'; Gets Praise From Netizens For Standing By Him</a></div><div class="t"><a data-gtm-category="Related In-Text A" data-gtm-action="Click" data-gtm-label="Article 2" href="/my-husband-was-jealous-my-salary-needed-therapy-how-earning-4x-more-her-partner-affected-this-1726790">'My Husband Was Jealous Of My Salary And Needed Therapy': How Earning 4X More Than Her Partner Affected This US Woman's Relationship</a></div><div class="t"><a data-gtm-category="Related In-Text A" data-gtm-action="Click" data-gtm-label="Article 3" href="/gen-z-millenial-women-are-throwing-success-showers-celebrate-personal-professional-milestones-1726867">Gen Z, Millenial Women Are Throwing 'Success Showers' To Celebrate Personal And Professional Milestones</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="filed-under"></div><div class="wall-guide"></div></div></div><div class="source"><p>© Copyright IBTimes 2024. All rights reserved.</p></div> </article> <script>doFir.push(function(){if(!slide_started)check_slide();jQuery("#v_article .embTI").remove();work_editor()})</script> </div></div><div class="block newsletter-in-article"><form name="newsletter_subscribe" target="_blank" action="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tool/newsletters" onsubmit="setTimeout(function(){ document.forms.newsletter_subscribe.reset(); }, 1000);"> <input type="hidden" name="check" value="ibt-uk-morning-brief" /><div class="title">Money Making Moves - Let the best of Money News and Ideas come to you</div><div class="description">Sign up and stay up to date with our daily newsletter.</div><div class="form-input"><input type="email" name="email" value="" placeholder="Enter your email." required><input type="submit" name="submit" value="SIGN UP NOW"></div> You can unsubscribe at any time. By signing up you are agreeing to our <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/terms-services" target="_blank">Terms of Service</a> and <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/privacy-policy" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a>.</form></div><div id="ad-bottom-wrapper" class="block block-fusion-ads"><div id="dfp-ad-bottom-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-bottom"></div></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["bottom"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot bottom", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-bottom"); } });if(/bottom\|[0-1]\|1/.test(dfpSlots.pginfo[ibtmedia_device])) document.getElementById("ad-bottom-wrapper").className+=" block-sticky"</script> <div class="under-article-widget dfp-ad-lazy block"></div><div id="block-ibt-comment" class="block" data-gtm-action="Comments"><div class="content"><div id="discussion" class="discussion"><div class="block-title">Join the Discussion</div><div id='vuukle-comments'></div></div> <script>if(/adtest=novuukle/.test(location.href)==!1){var VUUKLE_CONFIG={apiKey:'7cecf616-b9b1-4fc2-9f8e-7d16ef1f7494',host:'ibtimes.co.uk',articleId:1727516,endlessMode:!1};doFir.push(function(){jQuery(window).on("scroll.vuukle",function(){if(jQuery(document).scrollTop()>600){jQuery(this).off("scroll.vuukle");var d=document,s=d.createElement('script');s.src='https://cdn.vuukle.com/platform.js';(d.head||d.body).appendChild(s)}})})}</script> </div></div><div class="editors-picks-wp l-section-main l-section-main-full-width"><div id="block-fusion-arbitrage-picture-galleries" class="editors-picks"><div class="block-title noborder"> <a href="/world">Latest News</a></div><div class="splide splide--loop splide--ltr splide--draggable is-active is-overflow is-initialized" role="group" id="splide01"><div class="splide__arrows splide__arrows--ltr"> <button class="splide__arrow splide__arrow--prev"> <img src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/arrow-left.png" width="17" height="11" alt="Previous"> </button> <button class="splide__arrow splide__arrow--next"> <img src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/arrow-right.png" width="17" height="11" alt="Next"> </button></div><div class="splide__track"><ul class="splide__list"><li class="splide__slide"> <article><div class="image"><a href="/winter-bring-chaos-irealnd-france-uk-one-dead-thousands-stranded-amid-snow-floods-power-1728951"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1732461/storms-disrupted-transport-ireland-britain-france.webp?w=480&h=320&f=c1628392f9a6d5867929d26a5a771f1b"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1732461/storms-disrupted-transport-ireland-britain-france.jpg?w=480&h=320&f=c1628392f9a6d5867929d26a5a771f1b" alt="The storms disrupted transport in Ireland, Britain and France" width="480" height="320" loading="lazy" /></picture></a></div><h3 class="heading fz17"><a href="/winter-bring-chaos-irealnd-france-uk-one-dead-thousands-stranded-amid-snow-floods-power-1728951">Winter Bring Chaos to Ireland, France, UK : One Dead, Thousands Stranded Amid Snow, Floods, and Power Outages</a></h3> </article></li><li class="splide__slide"> <article><div class="image"><a href="/rodrigo-dutertes-violent-legacy-lives-his-vp-daughter-threatening-kill-president-marcos-1728948"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1732459/sara-duterte.webp?w=480&h=320&f=6f3b8b5c66fd0041efbc08eb07c12ddf"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1732459/sara-duterte.jpg?w=480&h=320&f=6f3b8b5c66fd0041efbc08eb07c12ddf" alt="Sara Duterte" width="480" height="320" loading="lazy" /></picture></a></div><h3 class="heading fz17"><a href="/rodrigo-dutertes-violent-legacy-lives-his-vp-daughter-threatening-kill-president-marcos-1728948">Philippines VP Threatens To Assassinate President And First Lady, Echoing Her Father's Brutal Legacy</a></h3> </article></li><li class="splide__slide"> <article><div class="image"><a href="/arizona-womans-ignorant-tiktok-accuses-native-american-students-field-trip-being-illegal-1728937"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1732426/aimee-hawkins.webp?w=480&h=320&f=e0db4c8aee3a8bfc03f37ab721aacc95"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1732426/aimee-hawkins.png?w=480&h=320&f=e0db4c8aee3a8bfc03f37ab721aacc95" alt="Aimee Hawkins" width="480" height="320" loading="lazy" /></picture></a></div><h3 class="heading fz17"><a href="/arizona-womans-ignorant-tiktok-accuses-native-american-students-field-trip-being-illegal-1728937">Ignorant TikTok Accuses Native American Children On Field Trip Of Being Illegal Immigrants, Sparking Outrage</a></h3> </article></li><li class="splide__slide"> <article><div class="image"><a href="/quick-facts-about-kelly-loeffler-age-net-worth-family-insider-trading-scandal-1728939"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1732423/kelly-loeffler.webp?w=480&h=320&f=295ea60d3aab4e689aa3a70a400320ca"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1732423/kelly-loeffler.png?w=480&h=320&f=295ea60d3aab4e689aa3a70a400320ca" alt="Kelly Loeffler" width="480" height="320" loading="lazy" /></picture></a></div><h3 class="heading fz17"><a href="/quick-facts-about-kelly-loeffler-age-net-worth-family-insider-trading-scandal-1728939">Quick Facts About Kelly Loeffler: Age, Net Worth, Family And Insider Trading Scandal</a></h3> </article></li></ul></div></div> <script>doFir.push(function(){jQuery(document).ready(function(){jQuery(window).on("scroll.splide",function(){jQuery(this).off('scroll.splide');LJ('https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/js/splide.min.js',function(){new Splide('.splide',{type:'loop',arrows:!0,gap:20,fixedWidth:278,pagination:!1,mediaQuery:'min',}).mount()})})})})</script> </div></div></div> <aside class="page-sidebar col-md-4"><div class="group"><div id="ad-right1-wrapper" class="block block-fusion-ads"><div id="dfp-ad-right1-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-right1"></div></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["right1"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot right1", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-right1"); } });if(/right1\|[0-1]\|1/.test(dfpSlots.pginfo[ibtmedia_device])) document.getElementById("ad-right1-wrapper").className+=" block-sticky"</script> <div class="content"><div class="most-popular"><ul class="most-tabs"><li> MOST READ IN Women in Business</li></ul><div id="most-popular" class="most-list"><ul class="most-popular-list"><li class="item item-1 clearfix"><div class="item-number">1</div><div class="item-image"><a href="/gen-z-millenial-women-are-throwing-success-showers-celebrate-personal-professional-milestones-1726867"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1728616/morgan-prouse-success-shower.jpg?w=127&h=85&f=a8a0873b765fee66237c3500c38e3708" alt="Morgan Prouse Success Shower" width="127" height="85" loading="lazy" /></a></div><div class="item-link"><a href="/gen-z-millenial-women-are-throwing-success-showers-celebrate-personal-professional-milestones-1726867">Gen Z, Millenial Women Are Throwing 'Success Showers' To Celebrate Personal And Professional Milestones</a></div></li><li class="item item-2 clearfix"><div class="item-number">2</div><div class="item-image"><a href="/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729794/heather-torres-porch-pumpkins.jpg?w=127&h=85&f=486ee9560486217eb7d5f2841a18a528" alt="Heather Torres Porch Pumpkins" width="127" height="85" loading="lazy" /></a></div><div class="item-link"><a href="/texas-mom-earns-10k-day-running-her-seasonal-pumpkin-decor-business-july-november-1727516">Texas Mom Earns Up To $10K/Day Running Her Seasonal Pumpkin Decor Business From July To November</a></div></li><li class="item item-3 clearfix"><div class="item-number">3</div><div class="item-image"><a href="/tradwife-millionaire-how-nara-smith-redefines-traditional-roles-modern-success-1726282"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1727672/nara-smith.jpg?w=127&h=85&f=d7969e82aed82a6cdc95ce7fe42b4ab8" alt="Nara Smith" width="127" height="85" loading="lazy" /></a></div><div class="item-link"><a href="/tradwife-millionaire-how-nara-smith-redefines-traditional-roles-modern-success-1726282">Tradwife or Millionaire? How Nara Smith Redefines Traditional Roles with Modern Success</a></div></li><li class="item item-4 clearfix"><div class="item-number">4</div><div class="item-image"><a href="/i-was-making-rich-men-richer-ex-goldman-sachs-advisor-raises-12m-tackle-uks-567-billion-1727229"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1729565/propelle.png?w=127&h=85&f=f000de87e7cbc25d26a795c6577aaa30" alt="Propelle" width="127" height="85" loading="lazy" /></a></div><div class="item-link"><a href="/i-was-making-rich-men-richer-ex-goldman-sachs-advisor-raises-12m-tackle-uks-567-billion-1727229">'I Was Making Rich Men Richer': Ex-Goldman Sachs Advisor Raises £1.2M to Tackle UK's £567 Billion Gender Wealth Gap</a></div></li><li class="item item-5 clearfix"><div class="item-number">5</div><div class="item-image"><a href="/its-unprecedented-even-startup-18-staff-quit-meghan-markles-company-she-struggles-find-1726545"><img src="https://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1728128/meghan-markle-american-riviera-orchard.jpg?w=127&h=85&f=f40d6305fbc3a302b23944ca4e73d2e6" alt="Meghan Markle American Riviera Orchard" width="127" height="85" loading="lazy" /></a></div><div class="item-link"><a href="/its-unprecedented-even-startup-18-staff-quit-meghan-markles-company-she-struggles-find-1726545">'It's Unprecedented, Even For A Startup': 18 Staff Quit Meghan Markle's Company As She Struggles To Find A CEO, Report</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="group" id="ibt-video-title"><div class="block-title noborder">IBT VIDEO</div></div><div class="block-sticky" id="ibt-video"><div id="tv-box"><div class="relative"><span class="genericon genericon-close-alt close-tv"></span></div><div class="video-title"></div><div class="tv"><div class="tv-in"><div class="article-videoplayer hidden-print"><div class="videocontent-wrapper"><div class="videocontent"><div class="tvplayer" id="tvplayer"></div></div></div></div><style>@media screen and (min-width:1180px){.article-videoplayer{min-height:400px}}.videocontent-wrapper{background-color:black;height:0;padding-bottom:56.25%;position:relative;background-size:100% 100%}.videocontent{position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%}.tvplayer{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}.tvplayer>div,.tvplayer .cnx-main-container{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}</style> <script>dfpSlots.player_settings={"autostart":!1,"autostart_embed":0,"playlist":"https:\/\/d.ibtimes.co.uk\/widget\/play-list?nid=53701&items=4&v=11732292294","title":"Apple and Samsung Finally Reach A Truce","duration":"40","mobileautoplay":1,"vpaidmode":"insecure","adcall":"2","allowAd":!0,"vfile":"https:\/\/g.ibtimes.co.uk\/sys\/js\/ce0478bde651419db5ef5797bf98a097.js?v=1732292294","resolutionDefault":"480p","resolutionDefaultM":"240p"};oa.pageinfo.video='Y';oa.pageinfo.video_ap='S';pb_videos='Y';var jw_auto_start=!1;var runPlayer=function(){ibt_log('VideoJS script loaded',Date.now()-timerStart);dfpSlots.player_settings.allowAd=!!site_ads;dfpSlots.player_settings.autostart=jw_auto_start;dfpSlots.loadVideoPlayer();ibt_log('Executing Video',Date.now()-timerStart);googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.pubads().setTargeting("video","Y")})};if(jw_auto_start){doFir.push(function(){LC("https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/css/video-js.min.css",function(){LC("https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/css/video-js.custom.css",function(){LJ(dfpSlots.player_settings.vfile,function(){runPlayer()})})})})}else{doFir.push(function(){var duration=dfpSlots.player_settings.duration;var seconds=duration%60;if(duration>=600)var o='';else var o='0';jQuery(".tvplayer").html('<div class="video-js"><button class="vjs-big-play-button continue" type="button" title="Play Video" aria-disabled="false"><span class="continue-span">'+o+Math.floor(duration/60)+':'+(seconds<10?'0'+seconds:seconds)+'</span></button></div>');jQuery(".tvplayer .video-js").on('click',function(){jQuery(this).off('click');LC("https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/css/video-js.min.css",function(){LC("https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/css/video-js.custom.css",function(){LJ(dfpSlots.player_settings.vfile,function(){jQuery(".tvplayer .video-js").remove();runPlayer();setTimeout(function(){jQuery(".vjs-big-play-button").trigger('click')},1000)})})})})})}</script> </div></div></div> <script>dfpSlots.vplayer_load=(mobile_device)?400:10;if(mobile_device){var mobile_sticky_active=1,prepareTPlayer=function(p){document.getElementById('tv-box').className='disabled';document.getElementById('ibt-video-title').className='disabled';if(p)ibt_avf.innerHTML='<div class="o-video"><button onclick="dfpSlots.'+p+'(ibt_avf);"><span class="continue-span">PLAY</span></button></div>'};(function(){var d=document,gi='getElementById',c=d[gi]('block-ibt-comment'),n=d[gi]('block-fusion-newsletters'),t=d[gi]('ibt-video-title'),v=d[gi]('ibt-video'),m=d.getElementsByClassName('filed-under')[0];if(n)c.parentNode.insertBefore(n,c.nextSibling);if(!dfpSlots.primis&&!dfpSlots.exco&&!dfpSlots.connatix&&!dfpSlots.stn&&!dfpSlots.ogury&&!dfpSlots.vidazoo){if(!window.ibt_avf){dfpSlots.vplayer_load=v.offsetTop;v.className="";c.parentNode.insertBefore(v,c);mobile_sticky_active=0}else{ibt_avf.appendChild(v);dfpSlots.vplayer_load=1}t.className='disabled'}else{m.parentNode.insertBefore(v,m.nextSibling);m.parentNode.insertBefore(t,m.nextSibling);v.className=''}})()};if(dfpSlots.primis||dfpSlots.connatix||dfpSlots.native||dfpSlots.exco||dfpSlots.stn||dfpSlots.ogury||dfpSlots.vidazoo){if(dfpSlots.ogury){if(mobile_device&&ibt_avf)prepareTPlayer(0);if(ibtmedia_device=='desktop'||!ibt_avf)adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){doFir.push(function(){var d=document,gi='getElementById',s=d.createElement('script');s.setAttribute('data-ccid','CC-07FADDDF5D01');s.src='//mwtw.presage.io/v1/tag.js';d[gi]('tvplayer').appendChild(s)})});else adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){var d=document,s=d.createElement('script');s.setAttribute('data-ccid','CC-07FADDDF5D01');s.src='//mwtw.presage.io/v1/tag.js';ibt_avf.appendChild(s)})}else if(dfpSlots.stn){if(mobile_device){prepareTPlayer('stnVideo');adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){dfpSlots.stnVideo(ibt_avf)})};doFir.push(function(){jQuery('#ibt-video-title').hide();jQuery('#ibt-video').addClass('stn-video')})}else if(dfpSlots.vidazoo){if(mobile_device)prepareTPlayer('vidazooVideo');adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){dfpSlots.vidazooVideo()})}else if(dfpSlots.exco){if(mobile_device&&ibt_avf)prepareTPlayer('excoVideo');adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){dfpSlots.excoVideo()})}else if(dfpSlots.primis){if(mobile_device&&ibt_avf)prepareTPlayer('primisVideo');adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){doFir.push(function(){dfpSlots.primisVideo()})})}else if(dfpSlots.connatix){if(site_id=='ibtus')dfpSlots.connatix.playerId=(site_random<connatix_us)?'98d83636-fce9-464d-b19e-984eabb47020':'1f4ef8f4-80fc-4a3c-b7bf-ea5da0b0c513';else dfpSlots.connatix.playerId='1fdf43d6-6b63-4976-ae72-6173e33bbbc2';if(mobile_device){dfpSlots.vplayer_load=700;if(site_id=='ibtus')dfpSlots.connatix.playerId='c8c531c5-9508-4735-966a-1d515dcfc588';else dfpSlots.connatix.playerId='f6a54311-53a4-42f0-bee8-c7174ed204ba'} adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){!function(n){if(!window.cnxps){window.cnxps={},window.cnxps.cmd=[];var t=n.createElement('iframe');t.display='none',t.onload=function(){var n=t.contentWindow.document,c=n.createElement('script');c.src='//cd.connatix.com/connatix.playspace.js?cid='+dfpSlots.connatix.cid,c.setAttribute('async','1'),c.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'),n.body.appendChild(c)},n.head.appendChild(t)}}(document)})}};doFir.push(function(){jQuery(window).on("scroll.tv_init",function(){if(jQuery(document).scrollTop()>dfpSlots.vplayer_load){jQuery(this).off("scroll.tv_init");jQuery(".tvplayer .video-js").off('click');if(dfpSlots.connatix||dfpSlots.primis||dfpSlots.exco||dfpSlots.stn||dfpSlots.ogury||dfpSlots.vidazoo){if(dfpSlots.connatix||ibtmedia_device=='desktop')jQuery(".vjs-big-play-button").hide();if(dfpSlots.connatix){jQuery('#tv-box .video-js').attr('id','connatix_ibt_player');(new Image()).src='https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token='+dfpSlots.connatix.playerId+'&cid='+dfpSlots.connatix.cid;cnxps.cmd.push(function(){cnxps({playerId:dfpSlots.connatix.playerId}).render('connatix_ibt_player')})}}else if(!dfpSlots.videoOBJ){LC("https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/css/video-js.min.css",function(){LC("https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/video/css/video-js.custom.css",function(){LJ(dfpSlots.player_settings.vfile,function(){jQuery(".tvplayer .video-js").remove();jw_auto_start=!0;runPlayer()})})})};if(mobile_device){var tv_pos=tv_pos_start=tv_pos_end=2000,tv_stick=1;function initStickyVideo(){tv_pos=jQuery('#ibt-video').offset().top;tv_pos_end=tv_pos+(jQuery('#ibt-video').height()/2)-50;tv_pos_start=tv_pos_end-screen.height-50;jQuery(window).on("scroll.tv",function(){if(mobile_sticky_active){var s=jQuery(document).scrollTop(),p;if(tv_stick){if(s>tv_pos_end||s<tv_pos_start){tv_stick=0;if(dfpSlots.connatix)jQuery('#ibt-video').addClass('tv-mobile-old');else jQuery('#ibt-video').addClass('tv-mobile')}}else{if(s>tv_pos_start&&s<tv_pos_end){tv_stick=1;if(dfpSlots.connatix)jQuery('#ibt-video').removeClass('tv-mobile-old');else jQuery('#ibt-video').removeClass('tv-mobile');p=jQuery('#ibt-video').offset().top;if(p!=tv_pos){tv_pos=p;tv_pos_end=tv_pos+(jQuery('#ibt-video').height()/2)+50;tv_pos_start=tv_pos_end-screen.height}}}}})};if(dfpSlots.connatix){jQuery('#ibt-video').addClass('tv-mobile-old');initStickyVideo()};if(!dfpSlots.connatix&&!dfpSlots.primis&&!dfpSlots.exco&&!dfpSlots.stn&&!dfpSlots.ogury&&!dfpSlots.vidazoo){jQuery('.video-title').html('<p>'+dfpSlots.player_settings.title+'</p>');initStickyVideo()};dfpSlots.onvideoplay.push(function(){if(dfpSlots.adStarted){setTimeout(function(){jQuery('#tv-box').addClass('show-close-button')},3000)}else jQuery('#tv-box').addClass('show-close-button')});dfpSlots.vjsReady.push(function(){videojs(dfpSlots.player1).on('loadedmetadata',function(){jQuery('.video-title').html('<p>'+this.options_.lists[this.idx].title+'</p>')})})}}});jQuery(".close-tv").on('click',function(){if(dfpSlots.connatix)jQuery('#ibt-video').removeClass('tv-mobile-old');else jQuery('#ibt-video').removeClass('tv-mobile');mobile_sticky_active=0;if(!dfpSlots.connatix&&!dfpSlots.primis&&!dfpSlots.exco&&!dfpSlots.stn&&!dfpSlots.ogury&&!dfpSlots.vidazoo){if(videojs(dfpSlots.player1).videoad.adPlaying)videojs(dfpSlots.player1).one('onAdComplete',function(){this.one('play',function(){setTimeout(pauseIbtPlayer,500,1)})});else pauseIbtPlayer(1);videojs(dfpSlots.player1).one('play',function(){mobile_sticky_active=1})}});jQuery(".genericon-comment").on('click',function(){jQuery('html, body').animate({scrollTop:jQuery("#block-ibt-comment").offset().top},500,function(){jQuery('html, body').scrollTop((jQuery("#block-ibt-comment").offset().top))})});jQuery(window).trigger('scroll.tv_init')})</script> <div class="group" style="margin-top:10px;"><div id="ad-right3-wrapper" class="block block-fusion-ads"><div id="dfp-ad-right3-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-right3"></div></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["right3"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot right3", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-right3"); } });if(/right3\|[0-1]\|1/.test(dfpSlots.pginfo[ibtmedia_device])) document.getElementById("ad-right3-wrapper").className+=" block-sticky"</script> </div></div><div id="ad-right2-wrapper" class="block block-fusion-ads"><div id="dfp-ad-right2-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-right2"></div></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["right2"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot right2", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-right2"); } });if(/right2\|[0-1]\|1/.test(dfpSlots.pginfo[ibtmedia_device])) document.getElementById("ad-right2-wrapper").className+=" block-sticky"</script><div id="ad-right4-wrapper" class="block block-fusion-ads"><div id="dfp-ad-right4-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-right4"></div></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["right4"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot right4", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-right4"); } });if(/right4\|[0-1]\|1/.test(dfpSlots.pginfo[ibtmedia_device])) document.getElementById("ad-right4-wrapper").className+=" block-sticky"</script><div id="ad-sticky-wrapper" class="block block-fusion-ads"><div id="dfp-ad-sticky-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-sticky"></div></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["sticky"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot sticky", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-sticky"); } });if(/sticky\|[0-1]\|1/.test(dfpSlots.pginfo[ibtmedia_device])) document.getElementById("ad-sticky-wrapper").className+=" block-sticky"</script> </aside></div><div class="page-bottom"><div id="fb-root"></div><div id="dfp-ad-oop1-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-oop1"></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["oop1"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot oop1", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-oop1"); } });</script><div id="dfp-ad-oop2-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-oop2"></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["oop2"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot oop2", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-oop2"); } });</script><div id="dfp-ad-oop3-wrapper"><div id="dfp-ad-oop3"></div></div><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { if(dfpSlots.slotobjs["oop3"]){ ibt_log("ADS GPT register ad slot oop3", Date.now()-timerStart); googletag.display("dfp-ad-oop3"); } });</script> </div> <script>var ad_loaded=0;function insertAdsOnRelatedArticle($,a_id){if(NoPassFQ=='Y')return;var p=str_len=aside=0,ad_tl=300,ad_p=4,max_ads=70,l=$(".article-body-related"+a_id+" .article-body").children(),end_p=l.length-1;if(mobile_device){for(var i=0;i<l.length;i++){if(l[i].nodeName=="DIV"||l[i].nodeName=="SCRIPT")continue;str_len+=$(l[i]).text().length;p++;if(i<end_p&&(str_len>ad_tl||p>ad_p)){str_len=p=0;ad_loaded++;insertLazySlots($(l[i]),'right'+((ad_loaded%2)*3+1),'lazyads'+ad_loaded)}}}else{ad_tl=700;ad_p=5;p=3;for(var i=0;i<l.length;i++){if(l[i].tagName=="P"||l[i].tagName=="FIGURE"){str_len+=$(l[i]).text().length;p++;if(l[i].tagName=="FIGURE")p+=2;if(str_len>ad_tl||p>ad_p){if(i-aside>=2){str_len=p=aside=0;ad_loaded++;insertLazySlots($(l[i]),'right'+(4-(ad_loaded%2)*2),'lazyads'+ad_loaded)}}}else if(l[i].tagName=="ASIDE"||l[i].className=='imageLeft'||l[i].className=='imageRight')aside=i}};$(window).on('scroll.lazyads',loadLazyAdUnits)};doFir.push(function(){(function($){var adspace=$(".adspace"),ad_seq,pos;if(adspace.length){if(mobile_device){ad_seq=['top','right1','right2','right3','right4','bottom']}else{if(dfpSlots.stn)ad_seq=['stn'];else ad_seq=[];ad_seq.push('right2','right4')};for(i=0;i<adspace.length;i++){pos=ad_seq.shift();ad_loaded++;if(pos){if(pos=='stn')adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){dfpSlots.stnVideo($(adspace[i]),'jQuery')});else $(adspace[i]).append($("#ad-"+pos+"-wrapper"))}else insertLazySlots($(adspace[i]),'right'+(mobile_device?((ad_loaded%2)*3+1):(4-(ad_loaded%2)*2)),'lazyads'+ad_loaded)}}else{var p=str_len=0,aside=-1,ad_tl=300,ad_p=4,max_ads=30,l=$(".article-body").children(),lp=$(".article-paywall-contents").children(),newsletter=$(".newsletter-in-article").length,mid_message=$(".mid-message").length,nl_pos;if($("body").hasClass("sponsored")){newsletter=0} if(l.length==1)l=$(".article-body> div").children();else if(lp.length>1)l=lp;if(mobile_device){var ad_seq=['right1','right2','right3','right4','bottom'],pos,end_p=l.length-1;for(var i=0;i<l.length;i++){if(l[i].tagName=="P"||l[i].tagName=="FIGURE"||(l[i].tagName=="DIV"&&(l[i].className=='videoc'||l[i].className=='key-points'||$(l[i]).hasClass('live-item')))){if(l[i].tagName=="P"&&l[i].textContent=="")continue;if(!$(".article-body").prev().is('figure'))i++;$(l[i]).after($("#ad-top-wrapper"));if(l[i].tagName=="DIV")i++;i++;break}};nl_pos=Math.floor(l.length*0.7)-1;for(i;i<l.length;i++){if(newsletter&&i>nl_pos){$('.newsletter-in-article').insertAfter(l[i]);newsletter=0;if(mid_message){$(l[7]).after($(".mid-message"))}};if((l[i].nodeName=="DIV"&&!$(l[i]).hasClass('live-item'))||l[i].nodeName=="SCRIPT")continue;str_len+=$(l[i]).text().length;p++;if(i<end_p&&(str_len>ad_tl||p>ad_p)){str_len=p=0;ad_loaded++;pos=ad_seq.shift();if(pos)$("#ad-"+pos+"-wrapper").insertAfter(l[i]);else insertLazySlots($(l[i]),'right'+((ad_loaded%2)*3+1),'lazyads'+ad_loaded)}};if(ad_loaded==3){$("#ad-right4-wrapper").insertAfter('#block-system-main');$("#ad-bottom-wrapper").insertBefore('#ibt-video-title');ad_loaded+=2}else if(ad_loaded==2){removeLazySlots($,'bottom');$("#ad-right3-wrapper").insertAfter('#block-system-main');$("#ad-right4-wrapper").insertBefore('#ibt-video-title');ad_loaded+=2}else if(ad_loaded==1){removeLazySlots($,'bottom');removeLazySlots($,'right4');$("#ad-right2-wrapper").insertAfter('#block-system-main');$("#ad-right3-wrapper").insertBefore('#ibt-video-title');ad_loaded+=2}}else{ad_tl=700;ad_p=5;p=3;nl_pos=Math.floor(l.length*0.7);if(dfpSlots.stn)ad_seq=['stn'];else ad_seq=[];ad_seq.push('right2','right4');if($(".article-paywall-contents").prev().is('figure')){pos=ad_seq.shift();ad_loaded++;if(pos=='stn'){ad_loaded--;$(".article-paywall-contents").before('<div id="ad-stn-video-wrapper"></div>');adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){dfpSlots.stnVideo(document.getElementById('ad-stn-video-wrapper'))})}else $(".article-paywall-contents").before($("#ad-"+pos+"-wrapper"))};for(var i=0;i<l.length;i++){if(l[i].tagName=="P"||l[i].tagName=="FIGURE"||(l[i].tagName=="DIV"&&(l[i].className=='key-points'||$(l[i]).hasClass('live-item')||$(l[i]).attr('data-gtm-action')=='Related_Stories'))){str_len+=$(l[i]).text().length;p++;if(l[i].tagName=="FIGURE")p+=2;if(str_len>ad_tl||p>ad_p){if(i-aside>=2){str_len=p=aside=0;ad_loaded++;pos=ad_seq.shift();if(pos){if(pos=='stn'){ad_loaded--;$(l[i]).after('<div id="ad-stn-video-wrapper"></div>');adsTagLoad.cmd.push(function(){dfpSlots.stnVideo(document.getElementById('ad-stn-video-wrapper'))})}else $(l[i]).after($("#ad-"+pos+"-wrapper"))}else insertLazySlots($(l[i]),'right'+(4-(ad_loaded%2)*2),'lazyads'+ad_loaded)}}}else if(l[i].tagName=="ASIDE"||l[i].className=='imageLeft'||l[i].className=='imageRight')aside=i;if(newsletter&&i>nl_pos&&p>0){$(l[i]).after($(".newsletter-in-article"));newsletter=0;if(mid_message){$(l[7]).after($(".mid-message"))}}};if(ad_loaded==0){$(l[i-1]).before($("#ad-right2-wrapper"));$("#ad-right4-wrapper").insertBefore('#block-ibt-comment');ad_loaded+=2}else if(ad_loaded==1){$("#ad-right4-wrapper").insertBefore('#block-ibt-comment');ad_loaded++}}}})(jQuery)})</script> </div> </main><div id="block-ibtimes-footer-ibtimes-footer" class="block block-ibtimes-footer" data-gtm-action="Footer"><div class="content"> <footer class="pf page-footer"><div class="pf-middle"><div class="container-fluid flex-sm"><div class="f1"><div class="title">NEWS</div><ul class="menu footer-list-news"><li class="leaf World"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/world">World </a></li><li class="leaf Politics"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/politics">Politics </a></li><li class="leaf Business"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/business">Business </a></li><li class="leaf Markets"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/markets">Markets </a></li><li class="leaf Fintech"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/fintech">Fintech </a></li><li class="leaf Technology"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/technology">Technology </a></li><li class="leaf Personal Finance"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/money">Personal Finance </a></li><li class="leaf Health"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/health">Health </a></li><li class="leaf Life Style"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/lifestyle">Life Style </a></li></ul></div><div class="f1"><div class="title">Featured</div><ul class="menu footer-list-featured"><li class="leaf E-retail"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/retail">E-retail </a></li><li class="leaf Electrification of Auto"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/motoring">Electrification of Auto </a></li><li class="leaf Artificial intelligence"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/artificial-intelligence">Artificial intelligence </a></li><li class="leaf Women in business"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/women-in-business">Women in business </a></li><li class="leaf Cybersecurity"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/cybersecurity">Cybersecurity </a></li><li class="leaf Real estate"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/realestate">Real estate </a></li><li class="leaf SME"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/sme-uk">SME </a></li></ul></div><div class="f1"><div class="title">ABOUT</div><ul class="menu footer-list-about"><li class="leaf About Us"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/about-us">About Us </a></li><li class="leaf Contact Us"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/contact-us">Contact Us </a></li><li class="leaf Terms & Conditions "> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/terms-services">Terms & Conditions </a></li><li class="leaf Privacy Policy"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy </a></li><li class="leaf Cookie Policy"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/cookie-policy">Cookie Policy </a></li></ul></div><div class="f1"><div class="title">EDITIONS</div><ul class="menu footer-list-editions"><li class="leaf Australia"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.com.au">Australia </a></li><li class="leaf India"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.in/">India </a></li><li class="leaf International"> <a href="https://intl.ibtimes.net">International </a></li><li class="leaf Singapore"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.sg">Singapore </a></li><li class="leaf United Kingdom"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk">United Kingdom </a></li><li class="leaf United States"> <a href="https://www.ibtimes.com">United States </a></li></ul></div><div class="f1"><div class="title">FOLLOW US</div><ul class="menu footer-list-follow-us"><li class="leaf Facebook"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/IBTimesUK" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg width="7" height="12" viewBox="0 0 7 12" fill="none"><path d="M4.04075 12H1.83671V6.51429H0V4.38367H1.83671V2.81633C1.83671 1.91837 2.09793 1.21633 2.62037 0.710204C3.11016 0.236735 3.76321 0 4.57952 0C5.03666 0 5.58359 0.0244898 6.22031 0.0734694V1.98367H5.06931C4.38361 1.98367 4.04075 2.29388 4.04075 2.91429V4.38367H6.14684L5.87746 6.51429H4.04075V12Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span><span class="txt">Facebook</span> </a></li><li class="leaf Twitter"> <a href="https://twitter.com/IBTimesUK" target="_blank"><span class="icon twitter-x"></span><span class="txt">Twitter</span> </a></li><li class="leaf LinkedIn"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/international-business-times-uk" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg width="12" height="12" viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.88412 1.44206C2.88412 2.23849 2.23849 2.88412 1.44206 2.88412C0.645632 2.88412 0 2.23849 0 1.44206C0 0.645632 0.645632 0 1.44206 0C2.23849 0 2.88412 0.645632 2.88412 1.44206ZM0.206009 11.9742H2.70386V3.99142H0.206009V11.9742ZM4.24893 11.9742H6.74678V7.75107C6.74678 6.56652 7.25322 5.97425 8.26609 5.97425C9.1073 5.97425 9.5279 6.57511 9.5279 7.77682V11.9742H12V7.2103C12 4.92704 11.0215 3.78541 9.06438 3.78541C8 3.78541 7.20172 4.21459 6.66953 5.07296H6.64378V3.99142H4.24893V11.9742Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span><span class="txt">LinkedIn</span> </a></li><li class="leaf Flipboard"> <a href="https://flipboard.com/@IBTimesUK" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" width="16" height="16"><path d="M0 32v448h448V32H0zm358.4 179.2h-89.6v89.6h-89.6v89.6H89.6V121.6h268.8v89.6z"/></svg></span><span class="txt">Flipboard</span> </a></li><li class="leaf YouTube"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@IBTimesUK" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg width="16px" height="16px" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.582,6.186c-0.23-0.86-0.908-1.538-1.768-1.768C18.254,4,12,4,12,4S5.746,4,4.186,4.418 c-0.86,0.23-1.538,0.908-1.768,1.768C2,7.746,2,12,2,12s0,4.254,0.418,5.814c0.23,0.86,0.908,1.538,1.768,1.768 C5.746,20,12,20,12,20s6.254,0,7.814-0.418c0.861-0.23,1.538-0.908,1.768-1.768C22,16.254,22,12,22,12S22,7.746,21.582,6.186z M10,14.598V9.402c0-0.385,0.417-0.625,0.75-0.433l4.5,2.598c0.333,0.192,0.333,0.674,0,0.866l-4.5,2.598 C10.417,15.224,10,14.983,10,14.598z"/></svg></span><span class="txt">YouTube</span> </a></li><li class="leaf TikTok"> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@ibtimesuk" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg width="12" height="11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 2859 3333" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" text-rendering="geometricPrecision" image-rendering="optimizeQuality" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"><path d="M2081 0c55 473 319 755 778 785v532c-266 26-499-61-770-225v995c0 1264-1378 1659-1932 753-356-583-138-1606 1004-1647v561c-87 14-180 36-265 65-254 86-398 247-358 531 77 544 1075 705 992-358V1h551z"></path></svg></span><span class="txt">TikTok</span> </a></li><li class="leaf Instagram"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/ibtimescouk/" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2.163c3.204 0 3.584.012 4.85.07 3.252.148 4.771 1.691 4.919 4.919.058 1.265.069 1.645.069 4.849 0 3.205-.012 3.584-.069 4.849-.149 3.225-1.664 4.771-4.919 4.919-1.266.058-1.644.07-4.85.07-3.204 0-3.584-.012-4.849-.07-3.26-.149-4.771-1.699-4.919-4.92-.058-1.265-.07-1.644-.07-4.849 0-3.204.013-3.583.07-4.849.149-3.227 1.664-4.771 4.919-4.919 1.266-.057 1.645-.069 4.849-.069zm0-2.163c-3.259 0-3.667.014-4.947.072-4.358.2-6.78 2.618-6.98 6.98-.059 1.281-.073 1.689-.073 4.948 0 3.259.014 3.668.072 4.948.2 4.358 2.618 6.78 6.98 6.98 1.281.058 1.689.072 4.948.072 3.259 0 3.668-.014 4.948-.072 4.354-.2 6.782-2.618 6.979-6.98.059-1.28.073-1.689.073-4.948 0-3.259-.014-3.667-.072-4.947-.196-4.354-2.617-6.78-6.979-6.98-1.281-.059-1.69-.073-4.949-.073zm0 5.838c-3.403 0-6.162 2.759-6.162 6.162s2.759 6.163 6.162 6.163 6.162-2.759 6.162-6.163c0-3.403-2.759-6.162-6.162-6.162zm0 10.162c-2.209 0-4-1.79-4-4 0-2.209 1.791-4 4-4s4 1.791 4 4c0 2.21-1.791 4-4 4zm6.406-11.845c-.796 0-1.441.645-1.441 1.44s.645 1.44 1.441 1.44c.795 0 1.439-.645 1.439-1.44s-.644-1.44-1.439-1.44z"/></svg></span><span class="txt">Instagram</span> </a></li><li class="leaf Threads"> <a href="https://www.threads.net/@ibtimescouk" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg aria-label="Threads" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 192 192" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path class="x19hqcy" d="M141.537 88.9883C140.71 88.5919 139.87 88.2104 139.019 87.8451C137.537 60.5382 122.616 44.905 97.5619 44.745C97.4484 44.7443 97.3355 44.7443 97.222 44.7443C82.2364 44.7443 69.7731 51.1409 62.102 62.7807L75.881 72.2328C81.6116 63.5383 90.6052 61.6848 97.2286 61.6848C97.3051 61.6848 97.3819 61.6848 97.4576 61.6855C105.707 61.7381 111.932 64.1366 115.961 68.814C118.893 72.2193 120.854 76.925 121.825 82.8638C114.511 81.6207 106.601 81.2385 98.145 81.7233C74.3247 83.0954 59.0111 96.9879 60.0396 116.292C60.5615 126.084 65.4397 134.508 73.775 140.011C80.8224 144.663 89.899 146.938 99.3323 146.423C111.79 145.74 121.563 140.987 128.381 132.296C133.559 125.696 136.834 117.143 138.28 106.366C144.217 109.949 148.617 114.664 151.047 120.332C155.179 129.967 155.42 145.8 142.501 158.708C131.182 170.016 117.576 174.908 97.0135 175.059C74.2042 174.89 56.9538 167.575 45.7381 153.317C35.2355 139.966 29.8077 120.682 29.6052 96C29.8077 71.3178 35.2355 52.0336 45.7381 38.6827C56.9538 24.4249 74.2039 17.11 97.0132 16.9405C119.988 17.1113 137.539 24.4614 149.184 38.788C154.894 45.8136 159.199 54.6488 162.037 64.9503L178.184 60.6422C174.744 47.9622 169.331 37.0357 161.965 27.974C147.036 9.60668 125.202 0.195148 97.0695 0H96.9569C68.8816 0.19447 47.2921 9.6418 32.7883 28.0793C19.8819 44.4864 13.2244 67.3157 13.0007 95.9325L13 96L13.0007 96.0675C13.2244 124.684 19.8819 147.514 32.7883 163.921C47.2921 182.358 68.8816 191.806 96.9569 192H97.0695C122.03 191.827 139.624 185.292 154.118 170.811C173.081 151.866 172.51 128.119 166.26 113.541C161.776 103.087 153.227 94.5962 141.537 88.9883ZM98.4405 129.507C88.0005 130.095 77.1544 125.409 76.6196 115.372C76.2232 107.93 81.9158 99.626 99.0812 98.6368C101.047 98.5234 102.976 98.468 104.871 98.468C111.106 98.468 116.939 99.0737 122.242 100.233C120.264 124.935 108.662 128.946 98.4405 129.507Z"></path></svg> </span><span class="txt">Threads</span> </a></li><li class="leaf WhatsApp"> <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaRSBU4DJ6GyPlCCIJ29" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg fill="#000000" height="16" width="16" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 308 308" xml:space="preserve"><g id="SVGRepo_bgCarrier" stroke-width="0"></g><g id="SVGRepo_tracerCarrier" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></g><g id="SVGRepo_iconCarrier"> <g id="XMLID_468_"> <path id="XMLID_469_" d="M227.904,176.981c-0.6-0.288-23.054-11.345-27.044-12.781c-1.629-0.585-3.374-1.156-5.23-1.156 c-3.032,0-5.579,1.511-7.563,4.479c-2.243,3.334-9.033,11.271-11.131,13.642c-0.274,0.313-0.648,0.687-0.872,0.687 c-0.201,0-3.676-1.431-4.728-1.888c-24.087-10.463-42.37-35.624-44.877-39.867c-0.358-0.61-0.373-0.887-0.376-0.887 c0.088-0.323,0.898-1.135,1.316-1.554c1.223-1.21,2.548-2.805,3.83-4.348c0.607-0.731,1.215-1.463,1.812-2.153 c1.86-2.164,2.688-3.844,3.648-5.79l0.503-1.011c2.344-4.657,0.342-8.587-0.305-9.856c-0.531-1.062-10.012-23.944-11.02-26.348 c-2.424-5.801-5.627-8.502-10.078-8.502c-0.413,0,0,0-1.732,0.073c-2.109,0.089-13.594,1.601-18.672,4.802 c-5.385,3.395-14.495,14.217-14.495,33.249c0,17.129,10.87,33.302,15.537,39.453c0.116,0.155,0.329,0.47,0.638,0.922 c17.873,26.102,40.154,45.446,62.741,54.469c21.745,8.686,32.042,9.69,37.896,9.69c0.001,0,0.001,0,0.001,0 c2.46,0,4.429-0.193,6.166-0.364l1.102-0.105c7.512-0.666,24.02-9.22,27.775-19.655c2.958-8.219,3.738-17.199,1.77-20.458 C233.168,179.508,230.845,178.393,227.904,176.981z"></path> <path id="XMLID_470_" d="M156.734,0C73.318,0,5.454,67.354,5.454,150.143c0,26.777,7.166,52.988,20.741,75.928L0.212,302.716 c-0.484,1.429-0.124,3.009,0.933,4.085C1.908,307.58,2.943,308,4,308c0.405,0,0.813-0.061,1.211-0.188l79.92-25.396 c21.87,11.685,46.588,17.853,71.604,17.853C240.143,300.27,308,232.923,308,150.143C308,67.354,240.143,0,156.734,0z M156.734,268.994c-23.539,0-46.338-6.797-65.936-19.657c-0.659-0.433-1.424-0.655-2.194-0.655c-0.407,0-0.815,0.062-1.212,0.188 l-40.035,12.726l12.924-38.129c0.418-1.234,0.209-2.595-0.561-3.647c-14.924-20.392-22.813-44.485-22.813-69.677 c0-65.543,53.754-118.867,119.826-118.867c66.064,0,119.812,53.324,119.812,118.867 C276.546,215.678,222.799,268.994,156.734,268.994z"></path> </g> </g></svg></span><span class="txt">WhatsApp</span></a></li><li class="leaf RSS"> <a href="https://feeds.ibtimes.co.uk/feeds/veruc.rss" target="_blank"><span class="icon"><svg fill="#000000" viewBox="0 0 32 32" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g id="SVGRepo_bgCarrier" stroke-width="0"></g><g id="SVGRepo_tracerCarrier" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></g><g id="SVGRepo_iconCarrier"><path d="M 5 5 L 5 9 C 14.93 9 23 17.07 23 27 L 27 27 C 27 14.85 17.15 5 5 5 z M 5 12 L 5 16 C 11.07 16 16 20.93 16 27 L 20 27 C 20 18.72 13.28 12 5 12 z M 8 21 A 3 3 0 0 0 8 27 A 3 3 0 0 0 8 21 z"></path></g></svg></span><span class="txt">RSS</span> </a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="pf-bottom"><div class="container-fluid"><div class="logo-block"><div class="footer-logo"><a href="https://www.ibtimes.co.uk"><img src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/www/images/ibt-logo-2023.svg" alt="IBTimes" width="246" height="11"></a></div><div class="copyright">© Copyright 2024 IBTimes LLC. All Rights Reserved.</div></div></div></div> </footer></div></div> <script>(function(){var d=document,g='getElementsByClassName',a=d[g]('footer-list-about')[0],l=d.createElement('li');l.setAttribute('class','leaf privacy-settings');if(window.sirdata){l.innerHTML='<button onclick="Sddan.cmp.displayUI()">Privacy Settings</button>',a.appendChild(l)}else{if(gdpr_applies)l.innerHTML='<button onclick="__tcfapi(\'showConsentManager\')">Privacy Settings</button>',a.appendChild(l);else if(usp_applies)l.innerHTML='<button onclick="__gpp(\'showConsentManager\')">Privacy Settings</button>',a.appendChild(l);else if(gpp_applies)l.innerHTML='<button onclick="__lrcmp(\'toggleConsentTool\')">Privacy Settings</button>',a.appendChild(l);else if(ccpa_applies)l.innerHTML='<button onclick="__ccpa(\'showConsentManager\')">Privacy Settings</button>',a.appendChild(l);}})()</script> <script>doFir.push(function(){jQuery(window).on('load',function(){jQuery(".footer-list-follow-us").parent().find('.title').trigger('click')})})</script> <script>doFir.push(function(){(function($){$(document).on('scroll.lazy',lazyLoad);$(window).on('resize.lazy',lazyLoad).on('orientationchange.lazy',lazyLoad).on("load",lazyLoad);lazyLoad()})(jQuery)})</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/sys/js/3a01ce5912471ea9604df7353ae5fd6f.js?v=1732292294" defer="defer"></script> <script>var saf13=(oa.os.name=='Mac OS'&&oa.browser.name=='Safari'&&oa.browser.version=='13')?!0:!1,refreshInViewSlot=function(pos,div){$=jQuery;var s=$(document).scrollTop(),d=$('#dfp-ad-'+div),h=d.height(),t=d.offset().top,smin=t-brH+h*0.6,smax=t+h*0.2-50,pb=0,amz=0;if(window.pageFocus=="N"||s<smin||s>smax){setTimeout(refreshInViewSlot,2e4,pos,div);return};if(s=checkReqCap(1,pos,div)){setTimeout(refreshInViewSlot,s,pos,div);return} ibt_log('ADS InView refresh',pos,'dfp-ad-'+div,dfpSlots.latestRequest-timerStart);if(dfpSlots.aps){var cfg=0;for(var i=0;i<amzSlots.length;i++){if(amzSlots[i].slotID=="dfp-ad-"+pos){cfg=amzSlots[i];break}};apstag.fetchBids({slots:[cfg]},function(bids){apstag.setDisplayBids();if(pb)gptRefresh(pos,div);else amz=1})}else amz=2;if(dfpSlots.pbjs){pbjs.que.push(function(){pbjs.requestBids({timeout:PREBID_TIMEOUT,adUnitCodes:['dfp-ad-'+pos],bidsBackHandler:function(){pbjs.setTargetingForGPTAsync(['dfp-ad-'+pos]);if(amz)gptRefresh(pos,div);else pb=1}})})}else if(dfpSlots.rdm){pbjs.que.push(function(){pbjs.rp.requestBids({callback:function(){if(amz)gptRefresh(pos,div);else pb=1},gptSlotObjects:[dfpSlots.slotobjs[div]]})})}else pb=2;if(amz==2&&pb==2)gptRefresh(pos,div);};googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded',function(event){var div=event.slot.getSlotElementId().split("-")[2];ibt_log('ADS',div,'rendered, empty:',event.isEmpty,event.sourceAgnosticLineItemId,event.size,Date.now()-timerStart);if(div=='sticky'&&!event.isEmpty){jQuery('#ad-sticky-wrapper').show();jQuery(document.body).addClass('on-sticky');if(jQuery('.wall-guide').length)jQuery('.wall-guide').addClass('on-sticky-ad');}});googletag.pubads().addEventListener('impressionViewable',function(event){var div=event.slot.getSlotElementId().split("-")[2],pos=dfpSlots.lazyslotpos[div]?dfpSlots.lazyslotpos[div]:div;if(NoPassFQ=='Y'||dfpSlots.slots.indexOf(div)==-1)return;ibt_log('Viewable impression',event.slot.getAdUnitPath(),pos,div,Date.now()-timerStart);if(!saf13&&((ibtmedia_device=="desktop"&&"right2,right3,right4,bottom".indexOf(pos)>-1)||(ibtmedia_device=="mobile"&&"right1,right2,right3,right4,bottom,sticky".indexOf(pos)>-1)||(ibtmedia_device=="tablet"&&"right2,right3,right4,bottom,sticky".indexOf(pos)>-1))){event.slot.setTargeting("refresh","Y");var adrf=setTimeout(refreshInViewSlot,30000,pos,div)}})});if(site_ads&&oa.geo.country=='US'){fqtag.scmd.push(function(){var d=document,n=d.getElementsByClassName('article-paywall-contents')[0]||d.getElementsByClassName('article-body')[0];if(n){var c=d.createElement('div');c.setAttribute('id','ld-5669-6696');c.className='dcdcode';n.insertBefore(c,n.children[Math.floor(n.children.length/2)-2]);(function(w,d,s,i){w.ldAdInit=w.ldAdInit||[];w.ldAdInit.push({slot:16100436733026150,size:[0,0],id:"ld-5669-6696"});if(!d.getElementById(i)){var j=d.createElement(s),p=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];j.async=!0;j.src="//cdn2.decide.dev/_js/ajs.js";j.id=i;p.parentNode.insertBefore(j,p)}})(window,document,"script","ld-ajs")}})};doFir.push(function(){const queryString=window.location.search;const searchParams=new URLSearchParams(queryString);let _user_id=null;let _nl_id=null;if(searchParams.has("user_id")==!0&&searchParams.has("nl_id")==!0){_user_id=searchParams.get("user_id");_nl_id=searchParams.get("nl_id")} console.log('newsletter: user_id: '+_user_id+' | nl_id: '+_nl_id);if(_user_id!=null&&_nl_id!=null&&dataLayer[0].articleId!=null){console.log('newsletter: if');let _aid=dataLayer[0].articleId;let __target_url='https://misc.ibt.com/api/news_read';if(_aid!=null&&_user_id!=null&&_nl_id!=null&&_user_id!=null&&jQuery){console.log('newsletter: ajax call');jQuery.post(__target_url,{user_id:_user_id,aid:_aid,nl_id:_nl_id}).done(function(data){console.log("newsletter: 1st party data inserted: "+data)}).fail(function(){console.log("newsletter: error")})}}});if(window.dataLayer&&!getCookie('newsletterpop')){fqtag.scmd.push(function(){(function(m,o,n,t,e,r,_){m.__GetResponseAnalyticsObject=e;m[e]=m[e]||function(){(m[e].q=m[e].q||[]).push(arguments)};r=o.createElement(n);_=o.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];r.async=1;r.src=t;r.setAttribute('crossorigin','use-credentials');_.parentNode.insertBefore(r,_)})(window,document,'script','https://www.ibt-mail.com/script/f4abae73-0ada-4ce4-9e25-6ea803a04a9a/ga.js','GrTracking');setCookie('newsletterpop',1,7)})} if(site_ads){fqtag.scmd.push(function(){window.__ITGS_started=Date.now();LJ("//scripts.kiosked.com/loader/kiosked-loader.js?site="+(site_id=='ibtus'?17779:17780))})} try{if(site_ads){fqtag.fscmd.push(function(){var d=document,o=d.getElementsByClassName('under-article-widget')[0],s;if(o){o.setAttribute("data-widget-id","GS_1");o.className+=' OUTBRAIN';s=d.createElement("script");s.async=!0;s.src="//widgets.outbrain.com/outbrain.js";o.parentNode.insertBefore(s,o.nextSibling)}})}}catch(e){}</script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-2PSJXFW77R"></script> <script>var gtag=function(){dataLayer.push(arguments)},getPvP=function(oo){var obj={ad_blocker:adBlock,page_type:oo.page_type||'',ads:oo.advertisement||"U",ivt_fq:NoPassFQ};if(oo.section)obj.section=oo.section;if(oo.writer)obj.author=oo.writer;if(oo.searchTerms)obj.search_terms=oo.searchTerms;if(oo.articleId)obj.article_id=oo.articleId;if(oo.topics)obj.topics=oo.topics;if(oo.video)obj.video=oo.video;if(oo.video_type)obj.video_type=oo.video_type;if(oo.VideoABTest)obj.video_abtest=oo.VideoABTest;if(oo.content_channel)obj.content_channel=oo.content_channel;if(oo.hot_keywords)obj.hot_keywords=oo.hot_keywords;if(oo.source)obj.article_source=oo.source;if(oo.paragraphs)obj.paragraphs=oo.paragraphs;if(window.nextcta_layout)obj.ab_test=window.nextcta_layout;return obj};gtag('js',new Date());gtag('config','G-2PSJXFW77R',getPvP(oa.pageinfo))</script> <div style="display:none;"> <img alt="Real Time Analytics" src="//static.getclicky.com/media/links/badge.gif" border="0" /> <script type="text/javascript">var clicky_custom={href:location.href,title:oa.pageinfo.articleTitle||''};clicky_custom.outbound_disable=1;clicky_custom.video_disable=1</script> <script src="//static.getclicky.com/js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript">try{ stat_track=true;if(typeof cfvbt!='undefined' && cfvbt){stat_track=false;console.log('cfvbt ck:'+cfvbt);}if(stat_track){clicky.init(101447038);} }catch(e){}</script> <noscript><p><img alt="Clicky" width="1" height="1" src="//in.getclicky.com/101447038ns.gif" /></p></noscript></div> <script type='text/javascript'>(function(){var _sf_async_config=window._sf_async_config=(window._sf_async_config||{});_sf_async_config.uid=23870;_sf_async_config.domain=site_domain;_sf_async_config.useCanonical=!0;_sf_async_config.useCanonicalDomain=!0;_sf_async_config.sections=oa.pageinfo.section||'';_sf_async_config.authors=oa.pageinfo.writer||'';LJ('//static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js')})()</script> <script type="text/javascript">doFir.push(function(){jQuery(window).on("scroll.tawk",function(){jQuery(this).off("scroll.tawk");var Tawk_API=Tawk_API||{},Tawk_LoadStart=new Date();(function(){var s1=document.createElement("script"),s0=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];s1.async=!0;s1.src='https://embed.tawk.to/664cc7409a809f19fb336d01/1hudukl50';s1.charset='UTF-8';s1.setAttribute('crossorigin','*');s0.parentNode.insertBefore(s1,s0)})()})})</script> <script>if(!getCookie('nwcmsmode')){var ibt_cter={};ibt_cter.what='article';ibt_cter.from='web';ibt_cter.site_id='1';ibt_cter.a_id=oa.pageinfo.articleId;ibt_cter.r_id=oa.pageinfo.writerId||0;ibt_cter.c_id=oa.pageinfo.sectionId||0;ibt_cter.a_editor='1';ibt_cter.c_country=oa.geo.country||'OTHERS';ibt_cter.device=oa.geo.device;ibt_cter.ts=window.ts?window.ts:'nonpromoted';ibt_cter.promo=ibt_cter.ts=='nonpromoted'?'':(ibt_cter.ts=='fbpromo'?window.fbpromoc:window.otherpromoc);ibt_cter.statsurl='https://stats.ibtimes.co.uk';ibt_cter.oaurl='https://stats.myibtimes.com';(function(){var s=document.createElement('script');s.async=!0;s.type='text/javascript';s.src="https://g.ibtimes.co.uk/front/js/counter.js?a=22";var n=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];n.parentNode.insertBefore(s,n)})()}</script> </body></html>