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linguistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminology_and_linguistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Types</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_traditional_outrigger_vessels_by_region" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_traditional_outrigger_vessels_by_region"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of traditional outrigger vessels by region</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_traditional_outrigger_vessels_by_region-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of traditional outrigger vessels by region subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_traditional_outrigger_vessels_by_region-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Island_Southeast_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Island_Southeast_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Island Southeast Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Island_Southeast_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Indonesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaysia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaysia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Malaysia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaysia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Philippines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Island_Melanesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Island_Melanesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Island Melanesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Island_Melanesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fiji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Fiji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Papua_New_Guinea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Papua_New_Guinea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Papua New Guinea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Papua_New_Guinea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solomon_Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solomon_Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>Solomon Islands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solomon_Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanuatu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanuatu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.4</span> <span>Vanuatu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanuatu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Micronesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Micronesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Micronesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Micronesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Caroline_Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caroline_Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Caroline Islands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caroline_Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kiribati" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kiribati"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span>Kiribati</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kiribati-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marshall_Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marshall_Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.3</span> <span>Marshall Islands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marshall_Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mariana_Islands,_incl._Guam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mariana_Islands,_incl._Guam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.4</span> <span>Mariana Islands, incl. Guam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mariana_Islands,_incl._Guam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Palau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Palau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.5</span> <span>Palau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Palau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yap" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yap"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.6</span> <span>Yap</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yap-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polynesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polynesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Polynesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polynesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cook_Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cook_Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span>Cook Islands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cook_Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hawaiʻi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hawaiʻi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.2</span> <span>Hawaiʻi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hawaiʻi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marquesas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marquesas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.3</span> <span>Marquesas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marquesas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.4</span> <span>New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Samoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.5</span> <span>Samoa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Samoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society_Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society_Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.6</span> <span>Society Islands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Society_Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tonga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tonga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.7</span> <span>Tonga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tonga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tuvalu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tuvalu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.8</span> <span>Tuvalu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tuvalu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madagascar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madagascar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Madagascar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madagascar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-Austronesian_outrigger_boats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-Austronesian_outrigger_boats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Non-Austronesian outrigger boats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-Austronesian_outrigger_boats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sri_Lanka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sri_Lanka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6.1</span> <span>Sri Lanka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sri_Lanka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-East_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6.2</span> <span>East Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Modern sport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern_sport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern sport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern_sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Roles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Steersman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Steersman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Steersman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Steersman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paddlers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paddlers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Paddlers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paddlers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Organisations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Organisations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organisations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Outrigger boat</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlerkprou" title="Vlerkprou – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vlerkprou" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoa_polin%C3%A8sia" title="Canoa polinèsia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Canoa polinèsia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udriggerkano" title="Udriggerkano – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Udriggerkano" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auslegerkanu" title="Auslegerkanu – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Auslegerkanu" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoa_polinesia" title="Canoa polinesia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Canoa polinesia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="قایق بازویی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قایق بازویی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirogue_%C3%A0_balancier" title="Pirogue à balancier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pirogue à balancier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perahu_cadik" title="Perahu cadik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perahu cadik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoa_polinesiana" title="Canoa polinesiana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Canoa polinesiana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9D" title="סירת שלחים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סירת שלחים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapha_Polynesia" title="Scapha Polynesia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scapha Polynesia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uitleggerkano" title="Uitleggerkano – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Uitleggerkano" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A6%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8C%E3%83%BC" title="アウトリガーカヌー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アウトリガーカヌー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utrigger" title="Utrigger – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Utrigger" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoa_polin%C3%A9sia" title="Canoa polinésia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Canoa polinésia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8D_%D1%81_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Каноэ с балансиром – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Каноэ с балансиром" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utriggare" title="Utriggare – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Utriggare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%8Dpao" title="Pōpao – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Pōpao" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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title="Outrigger canoe">Outrigger canoe</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Boat with one or more lateral support floats</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Samudra_Raksa_dari_depan,_dengan_layar_terkembang_seperti_sayap_angsa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Samudra_Raksa_dari_depan%2C_dengan_layar_terkembang_seperti_sayap_angsa.jpg/220px-Samudra_Raksa_dari_depan%2C_dengan_layar_terkembang_seperti_sayap_angsa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Samudra_Raksa_dari_depan%2C_dengan_layar_terkembang_seperti_sayap_angsa.jpg/330px-Samudra_Raksa_dari_depan%2C_dengan_layar_terkembang_seperti_sayap_angsa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Samudra_Raksa_dari_depan%2C_dengan_layar_terkembang_seperti_sayap_angsa.jpg/440px-Samudra_Raksa_dari_depan%2C_dengan_layar_terkembang_seperti_sayap_angsa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2381" data-file-height="2381" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Samudra_Raksa" title="Samudra Raksa">Samudra Raksa</a> ship, a replica of Javanese 8th century double outrigger vessel depicted in <a href="/wiki/Borobudur" title="Borobudur">Borobudur</a> bas relief. From 2003 to 2004 it sailed from <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> and to <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Outrigger boats</b> are various <a href="/wiki/Watercraft" title="Watercraft">watercraft</a> featuring one or more lateral support floats known as <a href="/wiki/Outrigger" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger">outriggers</a>, which are fastened to one or both sides of the main <a href="/wiki/Hull_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hull (ship)">hull</a>. They can range from small <a href="/wiki/Dugout_(boat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dugout (boat)">dugout</a> <a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">canoes</a> to large plank-built vessels. Outrigger boats can also vary in their configuration, from the ancestral double-hull configuration (<a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamarans</a>), to single-outrigger vessels prevalent in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islands">Pacific Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>, to the double-outrigger vessels (<a href="/wiki/Trimaran" title="Trimaran">trimarans</a>) prevalent in <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Island Southeast Asia</a>. They are traditionally fitted with Austronesian sails, like the <a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">crab claw sails</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tanja_sail" title="Tanja sail">tanja sails</a>, but in modern times are often fitted with petrol engines. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Outriggercanoe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Outriggercanoe.jpg/220px-Outriggercanoe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Outriggercanoe.jpg/330px-Outriggercanoe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Outriggercanoe.jpg/440px-Outriggercanoe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Single-outrigger canoes from <a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Unlike a single-hulled vessel, an outrigger or double-hull vessel generates stability as a result of the distance between its hulls rather than due to the shape of each individual hull. As such, the hulls of outrigger or double-hull boats are typically longer, narrower and more <a href="/wiki/Fluid_dynamics" title="Fluid dynamics">hydrodynamically</a> efficient than those of single-hull vessels. Compared to other types of canoes, smaller outrigger canoes can be quite fast, yet are also capable of being paddled and sailed in rougher water. This paddling technique, however, differs greatly from <a href="/wiki/Kayak" title="Kayak">kayaking</a> or <a href="/wiki/Watercraft_rowing" class="mw-redirect" title="Watercraft rowing">rowing</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Paddle" title="Paddle">paddle</a>, or blade, used by the paddler is single sided, with either a straight or a double-bend shaft. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LONELY_OUTRIGGER.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/LONELY_OUTRIGGER.jpg/220px-LONELY_OUTRIGGER.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/LONELY_OUTRIGGER.jpg/330px-LONELY_OUTRIGGER.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/LONELY_OUTRIGGER.jpg/440px-LONELY_OUTRIGGER.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>A double-outrigger canoe from the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></figcaption></figure> <p>These vessels were the first true ocean-going ships, and are an important part of the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian people">Austronesian</a> heritage. They were the vessels that enabled the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Migration_from_Taiwan" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian expansion</a> from <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese aborigines">Taiwan</a> into the islands of both the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> from around 3000 BC. They comprise the bulk of traditional boats in <a href="/wiki/Island_Southeast_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Southeast Asia">Island Southeast Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island Melanesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>. They have spread to other cultures Austronesians came into contact with, notably in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern India">southern India</a> as well as in the coast of <a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East Africa</a>. In modern times, outrigger vessels are used in the sport of <a href="/wiki/Sailing_(sport)" title="Sailing (sport)">sailing</a>. Catamaran and trimaran configurations are also widely used for <a href="/wiki/High-speed_craft" title="High-speed craft">high speed craft</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Lashed-lug_boat" title="Lashed-lug boat">Lashed-lug boat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proa" title="Proa">Proa</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg/220px-Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg/330px-Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg/440px-Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1053" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the migration and expansion of the Austronesians</figcaption></figure> <p>Outrigger boats were originally developed by the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a>-speaking peoples of the islands of <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> for sea travel. It is believed that the use of outriggers may have been initially caused by the need for stability on small watercraft after the invention of <a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">crab claw sails</a> some time around 1500 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Outrigger boats were essential in the transportation of Austronesians both eastward to <a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> and westward across the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> as far as <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian people">Austronesian</a> migration period. The Austronesian peoples (<a href="/wiki/Malagasy_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Malagasy people">Malagasy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime Southeast Asian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_indigenous_peoples" title="Taiwanese indigenous peoples">Taiwanese indigenous peoples</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Polynesians" title="Polynesians">Polynesian</a> peoples) continue to be the primary users of the outrigger boats. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Succession_of_forms_in_the_development_of_the_Austronesian_boat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Succession_of_forms_in_the_development_of_the_Austronesian_boat.png/320px-Succession_of_forms_in_the_development_of_the_Austronesian_boat.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Succession_of_forms_in_the_development_of_the_Austronesian_boat.png/480px-Succession_of_forms_in_the_development_of_the_Austronesian_boat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Succession_of_forms_in_the_development_of_the_Austronesian_boat.png/640px-Succession_of_forms_in_the_development_of_the_Austronesian_boat.png 2x" data-file-width="2364" data-file-height="1260" /></a><figcaption>Succession of forms in the development of the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian</a> boat (Mahdi, 1999)</figcaption></figure> <p>The simplest form of all ancestral Austronesian boats had five parts. The bottom part consists of single piece of hollowed-out log. At the sides were two planks, and two horseshoe-shaped wood pieces formed the <a href="/wiki/Prow" class="mw-redirect" title="Prow">prow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stern" title="Stern">stern</a>. These were "sewn" together with <a href="/wiki/Dowel" title="Dowel">dowels</a> and lashings. They had no central rudders but were instead steered using an oar on one side. The ancestral rig was the mastless triangular <a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">crab claw sail</a> which had two booms that could be tilted to the wind. These were built in the double-canoe configuration or had a single outrigger on the windward side. In Island Southeast Asia, these developed into double outriggers on each side that provided greater stability. The triangular crab claw sails also later developed into square or rectangular <a href="/wiki/Tanja_sail" title="Tanja sail">tanja sails</a>, which like crab claw sails, had booms spanning the upper and lower edges. Fixed masts also developed later in both Southeast Asia (usually as bipod or tripod masts) and Oceania.<sup id="cite_ref-horridge2008_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-horridge2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early researchers like Heine-Geldern (1932) and Hornell (1943) once believed that <a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamarans</a> evolved from outrigger boats, but modern authors specializing in Austronesian cultures like Doran (1981) and Mahdi (1988) now believe it to be the opposite.<sup id="cite_ref-Mahdi1999_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mahdi1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Doran1981_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doran1981-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Doran1974_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doran1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two canoes bound together developed directly from minimal raft technologies of two logs tied together. Over time, the double-hulled canoe form developed into the asymmetric double canoe, where one hull is smaller than the other. Eventually the smaller hull became the prototype <a href="/wiki/Outrigger" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger">outrigger</a>, giving way to the single outrigger canoe, which diverged into the reversible single outrigger canoe in <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a>. Finally, the single outrigger types developed into the double outrigger canoe (or <a href="/wiki/Trimaran" title="Trimaran">trimarans</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Mahdi1999_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mahdi1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Doran1981_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doran1981-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Doran1974_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doran1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Borobudur_-_Divyavadana_-_086_N,_The_Landing_of_Hiru_and_foundation_of_Hiruka_(detail_3)_(11706466016).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Borobudur_-_Divyavadana_-_086_N%2C_The_Landing_of_Hiru_and_foundation_of_Hiruka_%28detail_3%29_%2811706466016%29.jpg/220px-Borobudur_-_Divyavadana_-_086_N%2C_The_Landing_of_Hiru_and_foundation_of_Hiruka_%28detail_3%29_%2811706466016%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Borobudur_-_Divyavadana_-_086_N%2C_The_Landing_of_Hiru_and_foundation_of_Hiruka_%28detail_3%29_%2811706466016%29.jpg/330px-Borobudur_-_Divyavadana_-_086_N%2C_The_Landing_of_Hiru_and_foundation_of_Hiruka_%28detail_3%29_%2811706466016%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Borobudur_-_Divyavadana_-_086_N%2C_The_Landing_of_Hiru_and_foundation_of_Hiruka_%28detail_3%29_%2811706466016%29.jpg/440px-Borobudur_-_Divyavadana_-_086_N%2C_The_Landing_of_Hiru_and_foundation_of_Hiruka_%28detail_3%29_%2811706466016%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>A bas relief of <a href="/wiki/Borobudur_ship" title="Borobudur ship">Borobudur ship</a>, a double outrigger vessel depicted in 8th century <a href="/wiki/Borobudur" title="Borobudur">Borobudur</a> temple, Java, Indonesia.</figcaption></figure> <p>This would also explain why older Austronesian populations in <a href="/wiki/Island_Southeast_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Southeast Asia">Island Southeast Asia</a> tend to favor double outrigger boats, as it keeps the boats stable when <a href="/wiki/Tacking_(sailing)" title="Tacking (sailing)">tacking</a>. But they still have small regions where catamarans and single-outrigger boats are still used. In contrast, more distant outlying descendant populations in <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a> retained the double-hull and the single outrigger boat types, for the technology of double outriggers never reached them (exceptions being western <a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a>). To deal with the problem of the instability of the boat when the outrigger faces leeward when tacking, they instead developed the <a href="/wiki/Shunting_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shunting (sailing)">shunting</a> technique in sailing, in conjunction with reversible single-outriggers.<sup id="cite_ref-Mahdi1999_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mahdi1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Doran1981_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doran1981-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Doran1974_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doran1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Beheim_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beheim-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hornell1932_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hornell1932-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joangan,_or_the_Spanish-built_Joanga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Joangan%2C_or_the_Spanish-built_Joanga.jpg/220px-Joangan%2C_or_the_Spanish-built_Joanga.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Joangan%2C_or_the_Spanish-built_Joanga.jpg/330px-Joangan%2C_or_the_Spanish-built_Joanga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Joangan%2C_or_the_Spanish-built_Joanga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="374" data-file-height="284" /></a><figcaption>17th-century depiction of a <a href="/wiki/Joangan" class="mw-redirect" title="Joangan">Spanish-owned</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">karakoa</a></i>, a very large <a href="/wiki/Visayans" title="Visayans">Visayan</a> double-outrigger warship<sup id="cite_ref-alcina_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alcina-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>When <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Magellan</a>'s ships first encountered the <a href="/wiki/Chamorros" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamorros">Chamorros</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Mariana Islands</a> in 1521, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Pigafetta" title="Antonio Pigafetta">Antonio Pigafetta</a> recorded that the Chamorros' sailboats far surpassed Magellan's in speed and maneuverability. Similarly, the Spanish priest <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Comb%C3%A9s" title="Francisco Combés">Francisco Combés</a>, describing the large <i><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">karakoa</a></i> outrigger warships of the <a href="/wiki/Visayan_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Visayan Islands">Visayan Islands</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, remarked:<sup id="cite_ref-combes_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-combes-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"That care and attention, which govern their boat-building, cause their ships to sail like birds, while ours are like lead in this regard."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Comb%C3%A9s" title="Francisco Combés">Francisco Combés</a>, <i>Historia de las islas de Mindanao, Iolo y sus adyacentes</i> (1667)</cite></div></blockquote> <p>Outrigger fishing canoes are also used among certain non-Austronesian groups, such as the <a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_people" title="Sinhalese people">Sinhalese</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, where they are known as <i>oruwa</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as among some groups in the <a href="/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands" title="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can also be found in East Africa (e.g., the <i><a href="/wiki/Ungalawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ungalawa">ungalawa</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>). </p><p>The acquisition of the <a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamaran</a> and outrigger boat technology by the non-Austronesian peoples in Sri Lanka and southern India is the result of very early Austronesian contact with the region, including the <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laccadive_Islands" title="Laccadive Islands">Laccadive Islands</a>. This is estimated to have occurred around 1000 to 600 BCE and onwards. This may have possibly included limited colonization that have since been assimilated. This is still evident in Sri Lankan and South Indian languages. For example, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> <i>paṭavu</i>, <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> <i>paḍava</i>, and <a href="/wiki/Kannada_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kannada language">Kannada</a> <i>paḍahu</i>, all meaning "ship", are all derived from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Hesperonesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Hesperonesian">Proto-Hesperonesian</a> <i>*padaw</i>, "sailboat", with Austronesian cognates like <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Perahu" class="mw-redirect" title="Perahu">perahu</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Kadazan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadazan language">Kadazan</a> <i>padau</i>, <a href="/wiki/Maranao_language" title="Maranao language">Maranao</a> <i>padaw</i>, <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1w" class="mw-redirect" title="Paráw">paráw</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Samoan_language" title="Samoan language">Samoan</a> <i>folau</i>, <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</a> <i>halau</i>, and <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a> <i>wharau</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mahdi1999_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mahdi1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polynesian_canoe_replica_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Polynesian_canoe_replica_1.jpg/220px-Polynesian_canoe_replica_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Polynesian_canoe_replica_1.jpg/330px-Polynesian_canoe_replica_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Polynesian_canoe_replica_1.jpg/440px-Polynesian_canoe_replica_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1473" data-file-height="982" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Hawaiiloa#Canoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiiloa">Hawaiiloa</a></i>, a double-hull (<a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamaran</a>) sailing canoe built as a replica of <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynesian people">Polynesian</a> voyaging canoes</figcaption></figure> <p>The technology has persisted into the modern age. Outrigger boats can be quite large <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a> or transport vessels. In the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, outrigger boats (called <i>bangka</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">paraw</a></i>) are often fitted with <a href="/wiki/Petrol_engine" title="Petrol engine">petrol engines</a>. The links between seafaring and outrigger boats in the Philippines extend through to political life, in which the smallest political unit in the country is still called "<a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">barangay</a>" after the historical <i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">balangay</a></i> outrigger boats used in the original migrations of the first <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian people">Austronesian peoples</a> across the archipelago and beyond. The <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Voyaging_Society" title="Polynesian Voyaging Society">Polynesian Voyaging Society</a> has two double-hull sailing catamarans, <i><a href="/wiki/Hokulea" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokulea">Hokulea</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hawaiiloa" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiiloa">Hawaiiloa</a></i>, and sails them between various islands in the Pacific using traditional <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_navigation" title="Polynesian navigation">Polynesian navigation</a> methods without instruments. The <i>Hikianalia</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Alingano_Maisu" title="Alingano Maisu">Alingano Maisu</a></i> are other extant double-hulled voyaging canoes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology_and_linguistics">Terminology and linguistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Terminology and linguistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The German <a href="/wiki/Linguist" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguist">linguist</a> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Dempwolff" title="Otto Dempwolff">Otto Dempwolff</a> (1934-1938) originally reconstructed the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Austronesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Austronesian">Proto-Austronesian</a> word for "boat" as *waŋkaŋ, and included the <a href="/wiki/Reflex_(linguistics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reflex (linguistics)">reflexes</a> for both *baŋkaʔ and *waŋkaʔ as its descendants.<sup id="cite_ref-Dempwolff_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dempwolff-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However modern linguists like <a href="/wiki/Robert_Blust" title="Robert Blust">Robert Blust</a> generally reject this.<sup id="cite_ref-Blust_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blust-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jett2017_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jett2017-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mahdi (2016) instead reconstructs four words for "boat" in the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian languages</a>, all ultimately derived from the monosyllabic protoforms *Cu and *baŋ. They are:<sup id="cite_ref-mahdi2016_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mahdi2016-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mahdi2017_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mahdi2017-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>a) <b>*qaCu</b> - <a href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">cognates</a> include <a href="/wiki/Atayal_language" title="Atayal language">Squliq-Atayal</a> <i>qasuʔ</i>, <a href="/wiki/Pazeh_language" title="Pazeh language">Pazeh</a> <i>ʔasuʔ</i>, and <a href="/wiki/Bunun_language" title="Bunun language">Bunun</a> <i>hatoʔ</i></dd> <dd>b) <b>*qabaŋ</b> - cognates include <a href="/wiki/Kanakanavu_language" title="Kanakanavu language">Kanakanavu</a> <i>abaŋɯ</i>, <a href="/wiki/Rukai_language" title="Rukai language">Oponohu-Rukai</a> <i>havaŋu</i>, <a href="/wiki/Siraya_language" title="Siraya language">Siraya</a> <i>avang</i>, <a href="/wiki/Gaddang_language" title="Gaddang language">Gaddang</a> <i>ʔabaŋ</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tiruray_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruray language">Tiruray</a> <i>ʔawaŋ</i>, <a href="/wiki/Iranun_language" title="Iranun language">Iranun</a> <i>awaŋ</i>, <a href="/wiki/Mentawai_language" title="Mentawai language">Mentawai</a> <i>abak</i>, and <a href="/wiki/Moken_language" title="Moken language">Moken</a> <i>kabaŋ</i></dd> <dd>c) <b>*baŋkaʔ</b> - cognates include <a href="/wiki/Kavalan_language" title="Kavalan language">Kavalan</a> <i>baŋka</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a> <i>baŋkaʔ</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tausug_language" title="Tausug language">Tausug</a> <i>baŋkaʔ</i>, <a href="/wiki/Mori_language" title="Mori language">Mori</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muna_language" title="Muna language">Muna</a> <i>baŋka</i>, and <a href="/wiki/Sumbawa_language" title="Sumbawa language">Sumbawa</a> <i>baŋka</i></dd> <dd>d) <b>*waŋkaʔ'</b> - cognates include <a href="/wiki/Manggarai_language" title="Manggarai language">Manggarai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rembong_language" title="Rembong language">Rembong</a> <i>waŋka</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tobati_language" title="Tobati language">Tobati</a> <i>wăgě</i>, <a href="/wiki/Yabem_language" title="Yabem language">Yabem</a> <i>waŋ</i>, <a href="/wiki/Suau_language" title="Suau language">Suau</a> <i>waga</i>, <a href="/wiki/Hiw_language" title="Hiw language">Hiw</a> <i>wakə</i>, <a href="/wiki/Mota_language" title="Mota language">Mota</a> <i>aka</i>, <a href="/wiki/Fijian_language" title="Fijian language">Fijian</a> <i>waqa</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tongan_language" title="Tongan language">Tongan</a> <i>vaka</i>, <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Waka_(canoe)" title="Waka (canoe)">waka</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</a> <i>waʻa</i>; <a href="/wiki/Tahitian_language" title="Tahitian language">Tahitian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samoan_language" title="Samoan language">Samoan</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Va%27a" title="Va'a">vaʻa</a></i></dd></dl> <p>Instead of being cognates, the protoforms *baŋkaʔ and *waŋkaʔ are believed to be <a href="/wiki/Doublet_(linguistics)" title="Doublet (linguistics)">doublets</a>. The protoforms *qabaŋ and *baŋkaʔ are composites with a common precursor, with the <i>*qa-</i> and <i>-*ka</i> positioned differently. Only *qaCu and *qabaŋ can be traced back to <a href="/wiki/Proto-Austronesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Austronesian">Proto-Austronesian</a>, with the rest being later developments.<sup id="cite_ref-mahdi2016_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mahdi2016-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The outrigger float is called the <i><a href="/wiki/Ama_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ama (sailing)">ama</a></i> in many <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_languages" title="Polynesian languages">Polynesian languages</a> (compare Hawaiian <i>ama</i>, Māori <i>ama</i>, and Samoan <i>ama</i>, all meaning 'outrigger float'), realisations of <a href="/wiki/Proto-Malayo-Polynesian_language" title="Proto-Malayo-Polynesian language">Proto-Malayo-Polynesian</a> *saRman 'outrigger float'.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-saRman_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saRman-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar terms also exist in other Malayo-Polynesian languages, such as <a href="/wiki/Pohnpeian_language" title="Pohnpeian language">Pohnpeian</a> <i>dahm</i>, <a href="/wiki/Yapese_language" title="Yapese language">Yapese</a> <i>thaam</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ambonese_Malay" title="Ambonese Malay">Ambonese Malay</a> <i>semang</i>, all meaning 'outrigger float', as well as <a href="/wiki/Chamorro_language" title="Chamorro language">Chamorro</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Sakman" title="Sakman">sakman</a></i> meaning '[a] large canoe.'<sup id="cite_ref-saRman_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saRman-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The outrigger boom—spars connecting the <i>ama</i> to the main hull (or the two hulls in a double-hull canoe)—are called <i><a href="/wiki/Aka_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aka (sailing)">ʻiako</a></i> in Hawaiian and <i>kiato</i> in Māori (with similar words in other Polynesian languages), ultimately from <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_languages" title="Oceanic languages">Proto-Oceanic</a> *kiajo or its <a href="/wiki/Doublet_(linguistics)" title="Doublet (linguistics)">doublet</a> *kayajo both meaning 'outrigger boom' (compare <a href="/wiki/Loniu_language" title="Loniu language">Loniu</a> <i>kiec</i>, <a href="/wiki/Kiribati_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiribati language">Kiribati</a> <i>kiaro</i>, and <a href="/wiki/Tongan_language" title="Tongan language">Tongan</a> <i>kiato</i>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Seimat_language" title="Seimat language">Seimat</a> <i>ayas</i> and <a href="/wiki/Gedaged_language" title="Gedaged language">Gedaged</a> <i>ayad</i>, all meaning 'outrigger boom').<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Philippine_languages" title="Philippine languages">Philippine languages</a>, the outrigger floats are called <i>katig</i> or <i>kate</i>, from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Philippine_language" title="Proto-Philippine language">Proto-Philippine</a> *katiR.<sup id="cite_ref-katig_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katig-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-amaya_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amaya-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fijian_double_canoe,_model,_Otago_Museum,_2016-01-29.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Fijian_double_canoe%2C_model%2C_Otago_Museum%2C_2016-01-29.jpg/220px-Fijian_double_canoe%2C_model%2C_Otago_Museum%2C_2016-01-29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Fijian_double_canoe%2C_model%2C_Otago_Museum%2C_2016-01-29.jpg/330px-Fijian_double_canoe%2C_model%2C_Otago_Museum%2C_2016-01-29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Fijian_double_canoe%2C_model%2C_Otago_Museum%2C_2016-01-29.jpg/440px-Fijian_double_canoe%2C_model%2C_Otago_Museum%2C_2016-01-29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2798" data-file-height="2901" /></a><figcaption>Model of a <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fijian</a> <a href="/wiki/Drua" title="Drua">drua</a>, an example of a double-hull <a href="/wiki/Proa" title="Proa">proa</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Double-outrigger boats are more prevalent in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, though single-outriggers and catamarans also exist. They have two outrigger floats connected to spars lashed across a single hull. They range in size from small vessels like the <i><a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">jukung</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vinta" title="Vinta">vinta</a></i>, and the <i><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">paraw</a></i>; to medium-sized trading and fishing vessels like the <i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">balangay</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Basnigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Basnigan">basnigan</a></i>; to very large warships like the <i><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">karakoa</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Kora_kora" title="Kora kora">kora kora</a></i>. In Philippine vessels, additional booms called <i>batangan</i> are usually added across the outrigger spars (<i>tadik</i>), in between the outrigger floats (<i>katig</i>) and the main hull (<i>bangka</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-amaya_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amaya-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-blair_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blair-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In modern terminology, especially in leisure or sport boating, double-outrigger ships are usually termed <a href="/wiki/Trimaran" title="Trimaran">trimaran</a> or <a href="/wiki/Multihull" title="Multihull">triple-hull ships</a>. </p><p>An unusual type of double-outrigger boat design, preserved in scale models in the <a href="/wiki/Pitt_Rivers_Museum" title="Pitt Rivers Museum">Pitt Rivers Museum</a>, forms a triangle shape. The front ends of the outriggers are attached directly to the hull, while the rear ends are splayed out. These boats were small and used exclusively as passenger ferries in the <a href="/wiki/Pasig_River" title="Pasig River">Pasig River</a> of the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-Stead_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stead-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Catamarans and single-outrigger canoes are the traditional configurations in <a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>. In the Pacific Islands, a single outrigger float is called an <i>ama</i>. It is connected to the main hull by spars called <i>ʻiako</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</a>), <i>ʻiato</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tahitian_language" title="Tahitian language">Tahitian</a>), or <i>kiato</i> (<a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a>). The ama, which is usually rigged on the left side, provides stability. The paddlers need to be careful to avoid leaning too far on the opposite side of the ama, as that may cause the canoe to capsize (<a href="/wiki/Huli_language" title="Huli language"><i>huli</i></a> or <i>lumaʻi</i>). Double-outrigger configurations, a later innovation from Southeast Asian Austronesians, never reached Oceania. </p><p>Single-outrigger <a href="/wiki/Dugout_canoe" title="Dugout canoe">dugout canoes</a> also survived until recent times in some parts of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>. Examples include a specimen in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">University of Southampton</a> from <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bay" title="Manila Bay">Manila Bay</a> collected in the 1940s, as well as boats from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Bulusan" title="Lake Bulusan">Lake Bulusan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Buhi" title="Lake Buhi">Lake Buhi</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bicol_Region" title="Bicol Region">Bicol Region</a> of southern <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a> from as recently as 2015. The single outrigger is used to provide lateral stability, while still allowing fishermen to work with <a href="/wiki/Fishing_net" title="Fishing net">fishing nets</a>. These boats were paddled and were not equipped with sails. They have largely disappeared in modern times, partly due to the scarcity of suitable timber and partly due to the relative cheapness of fiberglass boats.<sup id="cite_ref-Stead_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stead-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_traditional_outrigger_vessels_by_region">List of traditional outrigger vessels by region</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: List of traditional outrigger vessels by region"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_vessels" title="Austronesian vessels">Austronesian vessels</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_multihulls" title="List of multihulls">List of multihulls</a></div> <p>The following is an incomplete list of traditional Austronesian outrigger vessels. It also includes <a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamarans</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Island_Southeast_Asia">Island Southeast Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Island Southeast Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indonesia">Indonesia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Indonesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Vlerkprauw_met_gehesen_zeil_op_het_strand_TMnr_20025613.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Vlerkprauw_met_gehesen_zeil_op_het_strand_TMnr_20025613.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Vlerkprauw_met_gehesen_zeil_op_het_strand_TMnr_20025613.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Vlerkprauw_met_gehesen_zeil_op_het_strand_TMnr_20025613.jpg/330px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Vlerkprauw_met_gehesen_zeil_op_het_strand_TMnr_20025613.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Vlerkprauw_met_gehesen_zeil_op_het_strand_TMnr_20025613.jpg/440px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Vlerkprauw_met_gehesen_zeil_op_het_strand_TMnr_20025613.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">jukung</a> from <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borobudur_ship" title="Borobudur ship">Borobudur ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellore" title="Jellore">Jellore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">Jukung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knabat_bogolu" title="Knabat bogolu">Knabat bogolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kora_kora" title="Kora kora">Kora kora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londe" title="Londe">Londe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paduwang" title="Paduwang">Paduwang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paledang" title="Paledang">Paledang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penjajap" title="Penjajap">Pangajava</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pangkur_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pangkur (boat) (page does not exist)">Pangkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelang" title="Pelang">Pelang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perahu" class="mw-redirect" title="Perahu">Perahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandeq" title="Sandeq">Sandeq</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Malaysia">Malaysia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Malaysia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penjajap" title="Penjajap">Penjajap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelang" title="Pelang">Pelang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perahu" class="mw-redirect" title="Perahu">Perahu</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Philippines">Philippines</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg/220px-Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg/330px-Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg/440px-Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The double-outrigger <a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">paraw</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boracay" title="Boracay">Boracay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Balatik,_a_paraw_from_the_Tao_Expedition,_Philippines.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Balatik%2C_a_paraw_from_the_Tao_Expedition%2C_Philippines.jpg/220px-Balatik%2C_a_paraw_from_the_Tao_Expedition%2C_Philippines.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Balatik%2C_a_paraw_from_the_Tao_Expedition%2C_Philippines.jpg/330px-Balatik%2C_a_paraw_from_the_Tao_Expedition%2C_Philippines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Balatik%2C_a_paraw_from_the_Tao_Expedition%2C_Philippines.jpg/440px-Balatik%2C_a_paraw_from_the_Tao_Expedition%2C_Philippines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2362" data-file-height="1369" /></a><figcaption>Large double-outrigger <a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">paraw</a> in <a href="/wiki/Palawan" title="Palawan">Palawan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armadahan" title="Armadahan">Armadahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaci%C3%B3n" title="Balación">Balación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a> (Baloto, Biray, Biroko)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_(boat)" title="Bangka (boat)">Bangka</a> (Sakayan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_anak-anak" title="Bangka anak-anak">Bangka anak-anak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basnigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Basnigan">Basnigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigiw" title="Bigiw">Bigiw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casco_(barge)" title="Casco (barge)">Casco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djenging" title="Djenging">Djenging</a> (Balutu, Kubu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilalo" title="Guilalo">Guilalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkun" title="Junkun">Junkun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">Karakoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanong" title="Lanong">Lanong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penjajap" title="Penjajap">Pangayaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">Paraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisipan" title="Salisipan">Salisipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tataya" title="Tataya">Tataya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinta" title="Vinta">Vinta</a> (Dapang, Pilang)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Island_Melanesia">Island Melanesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Island Melanesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:S%C3%BCdseeabteilung_in_Ethnological_Museum_Berlin_11d.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/S%C3%BCdseeabteilung_in_Ethnological_Museum_Berlin_11d.jpg/220px-S%C3%BCdseeabteilung_in_Ethnological_Museum_Berlin_11d.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/S%C3%BCdseeabteilung_in_Ethnological_Museum_Berlin_11d.jpg/330px-S%C3%BCdseeabteilung_in_Ethnological_Museum_Berlin_11d.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/S%C3%BCdseeabteilung_in_Ethnological_Museum_Berlin_11d.jpg/440px-S%C3%BCdseeabteilung_in_Ethnological_Museum_Berlin_11d.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5026" data-file-height="6844" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Tepukei" title="Tepukei">tepukei</a> from <a href="/wiki/Taumako" title="Taumako">Taumako</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P%C5%8Dpao.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/P%C5%8Dpao.jpg/220px-P%C5%8Dpao.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/P%C5%8Dpao.jpg/330px-P%C5%8Dpao.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/P%C5%8Dpao.jpg/440px-P%C5%8Dpao.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1190" /></a><figcaption>The traditional <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C5%8Dpao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pōpao (page does not exist)">pōpao</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fiji">Fiji</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Fiji"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camakau" title="Camakau">Camakau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drua" title="Drua">Drua</a> (Wangga tabu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takia_(watercraft)" title="Takia (watercraft)">Takia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Papua_New_Guinea">Papua New Guinea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Papua New Guinea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakatoi" title="Lakatoi">Lakatoi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Solomon_Islands">Solomon Islands</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Solomon Islands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tepukei" title="Tepukei">Tepukei</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Vanuatu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aka_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aka (boat) (page does not exist)">Aka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angga_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angga (boat) (page does not exist)">Angga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wangga_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wangga (boat) (page does not exist)">Wangga</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Micronesia">Micronesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Micronesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yap_Canoe01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Yap_Canoe01.jpg/220px-Yap_Canoe01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Yap_Canoe01.jpg/330px-Yap_Canoe01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Yap_Canoe01.jpg/440px-Yap_Canoe01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>A single-outrigger <a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">wa</a> from <a href="/wiki/Yap" title="Yap">Yap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands" title="Caroline Islands">Caroline Islands</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Caroline_Islands">Caroline Islands</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Caroline Islands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wahr_(watercraft)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wahr (watercraft) (page does not exist)">Wahr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waserak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waserak (page does not exist)">Waserak</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kiribati">Kiribati</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Kiribati"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baurua" title="Baurua">Baurua</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Marshall_Islands">Marshall Islands</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Marshall Islands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korkor_(boat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Korkor (boat)">Korkor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipnol" class="mw-redirect" title="Tipnol">Tipnol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walap" title="Walap">Walap</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mariana_Islands,_incl._Guam"><span id="Mariana_Islands.2C_incl._Guam"></span>Mariana Islands, incl. Guam</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Mariana Islands, incl. Guam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ladjak" title="Ladjak">Ladjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakman" title="Sakman">Sakman</a> (Flying proa)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Palau">Palau</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Palau"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaep" title="Kaep">Kaep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Yap">Yap</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Yap"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chugpin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chugpin (page does not exist)">Chugpin</a><sup id="cite_ref-Tu_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tu-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popow_(canoe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popow (canoe) (page does not exist)">Popow</a><sup id="cite_ref-Tu_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tu-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polynesia">Polynesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Polynesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atlas_pittoresque_pl_096.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Atlas_pittoresque_pl_096.jpg/220px-Atlas_pittoresque_pl_096.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Atlas_pittoresque_pl_096.jpg/330px-Atlas_pittoresque_pl_096.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Atlas_pittoresque_pl_096.jpg/440px-Atlas_pittoresque_pl_096.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2344" data-file-height="1840" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of a <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fijian</a> <a href="/wiki/Camakau" title="Camakau">camakau</a> (1846)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_LaFarge,_La_Farge_John_Girls_Carrying_A_Canoe_Vaiala_In_Samoa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_LaFarge%2C_La_Farge_John_Girls_Carrying_A_Canoe_Vaiala_In_Samoa.jpg/220px-John_LaFarge%2C_La_Farge_John_Girls_Carrying_A_Canoe_Vaiala_In_Samoa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_LaFarge%2C_La_Farge_John_Girls_Carrying_A_Canoe_Vaiala_In_Samoa.jpg/330px-John_LaFarge%2C_La_Farge_John_Girls_Carrying_A_Canoe_Vaiala_In_Samoa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_LaFarge%2C_La_Farge_John_Girls_Carrying_A_Canoe_Vaiala_In_Samoa.jpg/440px-John_LaFarge%2C_La_Farge_John_Girls_Carrying_A_Canoe_Vaiala_In_Samoa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="409" /></a><figcaption>Painting by <a href="/wiki/John_LaFarge" class="mw-redirect" title="John LaFarge">John LaFarge</a> showing <a href="/wiki/Samoans" title="Samoans">Samoan</a> girls carrying a <a href="/wiki/Va%27a" title="Va'a">va'a</a> (1891)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cook_Islands">Cook Islands</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cook Islands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaka_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaka (sailing)">Vaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaka_katea" title="Vaka katea">Vaka katea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hawaiʻi"><span id="Hawai.CA.BBi"></span>Hawaiʻi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Hawaiʻi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malia_(canoe)" title="Malia (canoe)">Malia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Wa'a">Wa'a</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wa%27a_kaulua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wa'a kaulua (page does not exist)">Wa'a kaulua</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Marquesas">Marquesas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Marquesas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaka_tou%CA%BBua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaka touʻua (page does not exist)">Vaka touʻua</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waka_(canoe)" title="Waka (canoe)">Waka ama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_migration_canoes" title="Māori migration canoes">Waka hourua</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Samoa">Samoa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Samoa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBAlia" title="ʻAlia">ʻAlia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amatasi" title="Amatasi">Amatasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=La%CA%BBau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laʻau (page does not exist)">Laʻau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lualua_(ship)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lualua (ship) (page does not exist)">Lualua</a> (Foulua)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopao_(canoe)" title="Paopao (canoe)">Paopao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%CA%BBa" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaʻa">Vaʻa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Va%CA%BBa-alo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaʻa-alo (page does not exist)">Vaʻa-alo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%CA%BBa-tele" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaʻa-tele">Vaʻa-tele</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Society_Islands">Society Islands</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Society Islands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivahah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivahah (page does not exist)">Ivahah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahi_(ship)" title="Pahi (ship)">Pahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipairua" title="Tipairua">Tipairua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%CA%BBa" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaʻa">Vaʻa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tonga">Tonga</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Tonga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamatafua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamatafua (page does not exist)">Hamatafua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalia_(watercraft)" title="Kalia (watercraft)">Kalia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C5%8Dpao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pōpao (page does not exist)">Pōpao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongiaki" title="Tongiaki">Tongiaki</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Tuvalu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paopao_(canoe)" title="Paopao (canoe)">Paopao</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Madagascar">Madagascar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Madagascar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madagascar_-_Traditional_fishing_pirogue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Madagascar_-_Traditional_fishing_pirogue.jpg/220px-Madagascar_-_Traditional_fishing_pirogue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Madagascar_-_Traditional_fishing_pirogue.jpg/330px-Madagascar_-_Traditional_fishing_pirogue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Madagascar_-_Traditional_fishing_pirogue.jpg/440px-Madagascar_-_Traditional_fishing_pirogue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A single-outrigger <a href="/wiki/Lakana_(boat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakana (boat)">lakana</a> from <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakana" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakana">Lakana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-Austronesian_outrigger_boats">Non-Austronesian outrigger boats</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Non-Austronesian outrigger boats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following are traditional outrigger boats acquired by other cultures from contact with Austronesian sailors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sri_Lanka">Sri Lanka</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Sri Lanka"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oruwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oruwa (page does not exist)">Oruwa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yathra_doni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yathra doni (page does not exist)">Yathra doni</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="East_Africa">East Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: East Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngalawa" title="Ngalawa">Ngalawa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laana (page does not exist)">Laana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_sport">Modern sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Modern sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Sport"></span> Outrigger canoe racing has become a popular <a href="/wiki/Canoeing" title="Canoeing">canoeing</a> sport, with numerous clubs located around the world. Outrigger Canoe Racing is the State sport of <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> and an interscholastic high school sport. In Hawaii, entire families participate in summer <a href="/wiki/Regatta" class="mw-redirect" title="Regatta">regattas</a> with age groups from keiki (children as young as 6 with an adult steersperson) and age 12 through age 60+. </p><p>Major races in Hawaii include the <a href="/wiki/Molokai_Hoe" title="Molokai Hoe">Molokaʻi Hoe 43 mi (69 km)</a> men's race from the island of <a href="/wiki/Molokai" title="Molokai">Molokai</a> to <a href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">Oahu</a> across the <a href="/wiki/Channels_of_the_Hawaiian_Islands#Kaiwi_Channel" title="Channels of the Hawaiian Islands">Kaiwi Channel</a>, Na Wahine O Ke Kai (same race for women) and the Queen Liliʻuokalani Race held near <a href="/wiki/Kona,_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Kona, Hawaii">Kona</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_(Island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii (Island)">Island of Hawai</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canoe_Hawaii.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Canoe_Hawaii.jpg/220px-Canoe_Hawaii.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Canoe_Hawaii.jpg/330px-Canoe_Hawaii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Canoe_Hawaii.jpg/440px-Canoe_Hawaii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Modern double-outrigger canoe in <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In modern sport outrigger canoeing, ships are classified according to the configuration and number of the hulls and the number of paddlers, including the OC1, OC2, OC3, OC4 and OC6 (with the respective number of paddlers using a single-hull outrigger canoe), and the DC12 or OC12 (with twelve paddlers using a double-hull outrigger canoe, two six-person canoes rigged together like a <a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamaran</a>). Outriggers without a rudder are referred to as V1, V2, etc. (where V refers to <i>vaʻa</i>). </p><p>Six-person outrigger canoes (or OC6) are among the most commonly used for sport use; single-person outrigger canoes (or OC1) are also very common. Two and four-person outrigger canoes are also sometimes used, and two six-person outrigger canoes are sometimes rigged together like a <a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamaran</a> to form a twelve-person double canoe. </p><p>Modern OC6 hulls and <a href="/wiki/Ama_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ama (sailing)">amas</a> are commonly made from <a href="/wiki/Glass-reinforced_plastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass-reinforced plastic">glass-reinforced plastic</a>. However, some canoes are made of more traditional materials. In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Hawaii" title="Ancient Hawaii">Ancient Hawaii</a>, canoes were carved from the trunks of very old <a href="/wiki/Acacia_koa" title="Acacia koa">koa</a> trees. These canoes, although rare, are still very much in use today. The <a href="/wiki/Aka_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aka (sailing)">ʻiako</a> are usually made of wood; the ʻiako-ama and ʻiako-hull connections are typically done with rope wrapped and tied in an interlocking fashion to reduce the risk of the connection coming completely apart if the rope breaks. </p><p>Modern OC1 hulls and amas are commonly made from <a href="/wiki/Glass-reinforced_plastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass-reinforced plastic">glass-reinforced plastic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_fiber_reinforced_plastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon fiber reinforced plastic">carbon fiber reinforced plastic</a>, and/or <a href="/wiki/Kevlar" title="Kevlar">Kevlar</a> to produce a strong but light canoe. OC1 are often made with <a href="/wiki/Rudder" title="Rudder">rudders</a> operated by foot pedals. More traditional designs do not have rudders. OC1 commonly use ʻiako made of <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a> or carbon fiber, with a mechanism for quickly assembling and disassembling the canoe (snap buttons, large <a href="/wiki/Nut_(hardware)" title="Nut (hardware)">wing nuts</a>, etc.). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roles">Roles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Roles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In an outrigger canoe, the paddlers sit in line, facing toward the bow of the canoe (i.e., forward, in the direction of travel, unlike <a href="/wiki/Watercraft_rowing" class="mw-redirect" title="Watercraft rowing">rowing</a>). The seats are numbered from 1 (closest to the bow) to the number of seats in the canoe, usually 6. The <i>steerer</i> (or <i>steersman</i> or <i>steersperson</i>) sits in the last seat of the canoe (seat 6 in the common OC6) and, as the name indicates, is primarily responsible for <a href="/wiki/Steering" title="Steering">steering</a>. The paddler sitting in seat 1 is called the <i>stroke</i> (or <i>stroker</i>) and is responsible for setting the pace of the paddle strokes. The stroker should have a high level of endurance to keep the rate (the number of strokes taken in a given amount of time) manageable for whatever the situation may be. The first two positions may also be involved in certain steering manoeuvers. This usually involves the draw stroke. During a tight turn, the one seat might poke to make the canoe turn the opposite way. In the middle of the canoe <i>(seats number 3 and 4)</i> known as the <b>powerhouse</b> are the strong and powerful paddlers. Any of the 2 can be the 'caller' who directs when to switch over their blades, when to pick up or slow down the stroking pace, etc. Whoever is caller must have very good leadership skills and know how to think off the top of their heads in any situation. Every position has an important role to play in the canoe. </p><p>In an OC1, the single paddler must also steer the canoe. Some OC1s have rudders operated by foot pedals, while OC1s without rudders must be steered by drawing and paddling as needed for steering purposes while paddling to move the canoe forward. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Steersman">Steersman</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Steersman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Racing_outriggers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Racing_outriggers.jpg/220px-Racing_outriggers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Racing_outriggers.jpg/330px-Racing_outriggers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Racing_outriggers.jpg/440px-Racing_outriggers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="756" /></a><figcaption>Racing outrigger canoes. The canoe in the front right, with a narrower hull and smaller body, is a single-person outrigger canoe, or OC1. The other canoes are six-person outrigger canoes or OC6.</figcaption></figure> <p>A good steersman is able to maintain the <a href="/wiki/Line_(geometry)" title="Line (geometry)">straight</a> attitude of the canoe throughout the course of a race, and also keep the boat and the crew safe in rough sea conditions. They may also take advantage of water conditions to gain extra speed by <a href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">surfing</a>. The steersman uses a single bladed steering paddle which has a larger blade than a standard outrigger paddle, is built stronger, and has less or no bend in its shaft. They steer by the following methods: </p> <ul><li>Poking: holding the paddle vertically against the side of the canoe, causing drag on that side to cause the canoe to turn that direction. (left to go left and right to go right)</li> <li>Drawing: paddling at a 45 to 90-degree angle to pull water under the canoe, causing the canoe to turn the opposite direction.</li> <li>Posting: holding the paddle in the water out to the side with the forward edge angled opposite to the desired turn direction, usually as a prelude to drawing.</li> <li>Paddling: by applying power on one side of the canoe, the steersman can influence to a small degree which way the canoe will turn. Paddling also increases the total power moving the canoe forward compared to the other steering methods. The steersman should try and paddle as much as possible so he or she doesn't slow down the canoe by contributing to the amount of weight in the canoe.</li></ul> <p>A steersman also skippers the canoe and instructs all other paddlers as necessary. As an outrigger canoe is a long narrow canoe with the steersman placed at the very end, the steersman must give instructions sufficiently loudly and clearly for the entire crew to hear. From a water <a href="/wiki/Safety" title="Safety">safety</a> perspective the steersman should also be among the most experienced crew members, and be knowledgeable with the waterways and weather conditions, relevant maritime rules and other safety considerations such as the use of personal flotation devices, rigging of the canoe, placement of paddlers in the various seating positions, and recovery from a huli by righting the canoe and bailing out the water. The steersman should also be able to keep the ama down during rough water. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paddlers">Paddlers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Paddlers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New-Guinean_girl_in_outrigger_canoe_(AN00391749_007)_l.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/New-Guinean_girl_in_outrigger_canoe_%28AN00391749_007%29_l.jpg/220px-New-Guinean_girl_in_outrigger_canoe_%28AN00391749_007%29_l.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/New-Guinean_girl_in_outrigger_canoe_%28AN00391749_007%29_l.jpg/330px-New-Guinean_girl_in_outrigger_canoe_%28AN00391749_007%29_l.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/New-Guinean_girl_in_outrigger_canoe_%28AN00391749_007%29_l.jpg/440px-New-Guinean_girl_in_outrigger_canoe_%28AN00391749_007%29_l.jpg 2x" data-file-width="865" data-file-height="1146" /></a><figcaption>1907 paddler from New Guinea</figcaption></figure> <p>Paddlers use single-bladed paddles, usually with single or double bent shafts. The paddling stroke is similar to that of most other racing canoe paddling strokes, involving primarily core and lat strength. Generally, each paddler paddles on the opposite side from the paddler in directly front (for example, in an OC6, paddlers in seats 1, 3, and 5 paddle on one side, while paddlers in seats 2 and 4 paddle on the other side). All paddlers switch sides simultaneously on a call from one who is the designated caller. The steerer may paddle either side or switch sides as needed for steering purposes. The steersman will also switch sides to keep the ama from popping up and capsizing the canoe. </p><p>Stronger paddlers are typically placed in the middle of the canoe, while paddlers with the most endurance tend to be placed at the front, as the lead paddler sets the pace for the crew. All other paddlers synchronize their strokes to the paddler in front of them (whom they can directly see). </p><p>In rough water, it is often desirable to have a paddler with steering skill in seat 5 (of an OC6), to allow for the steerer to have that paddler also take steering strokes if needed in some situations. In conditions when the boat is surfing, the stern of the canoe will be so far out of the water that seat 5 will have to keep the boat on course. A seat 5 paddler with steering skill can also assist in preventing a huli by staying on the ama side during a particularly rough stretch of water. </p><p>In water rough enough to splash into the canoe, paddlers also need to pay attention to the water level in the canoe, report the situation to the steerer, and bail out the water as necessary. Paddlers also need to know how to recover from a huli under the steerer's direction. </p><p>In a quick turn situation, paddlers at the front may also be instructed to <i>une</i> (poke steer, causes the canoe to turn the opposite direction) or <i>kahi</i> (post and draw steer, pulls the canoe to the side where this is done) to help bring the canoe around a turn quickly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Racing">Racing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawaiki_Nui_Va%27a_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Hawaiki_Nui_Va%27a_4.jpg/220px-Hawaiki_Nui_Va%27a_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Hawaiki_Nui_Va%27a_4.jpg/330px-Hawaiki_Nui_Va%27a_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Hawaiki_Nui_Va%27a_4.jpg/440px-Hawaiki_Nui_Va%27a_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hawaiki_Nui_Va%27a_i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hawaiki Nui Va'a i (page does not exist)">Hawaiki Nui Va'a i</a> race in <a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The length of a <a href="/wiki/Racing" title="Racing">race</a> ranges from short sprints (e.g., 250–500 metres for the OC1 and the OC12, 500–2000 metres (usually includes turns) for the OC6) to longer events, including marathons (e.g., 42 kilometres). A number of races are raced over distances that far exceed 42 kilometres, including the Molokaʻi Hoe that crosses the <a href="/wiki/Kaiwi_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaiwi Channel">Kaiwi Channel</a> between the islands of Molokai and Oahu in Hawaii. However, long-distance races of 20 to 30 kilometres are more common, with shorter 5 to 8 kilometre courses typically being offered to novice paddlers and those under 20 years of age. </p><p>Longer races involving the OC6 often involve paddler replacements, which involve exit and entry to the canoe directly from the water while the canoe is underway (this is called a <i>water change</i>). Typically, nine paddlers form a crew, with six paddling the OC6 and the other three resting, drinking, and/or eating on an escort boat. Replacement typically occurs at 20 to 30 minute intervals; the escort boat drops the relief paddlers into the water ahead of the OC6, which is steered toward them. The relief paddlers climb in on the ama side as those they are replacing roll out into the water on the opposite side. The escort boat then picks up the paddlers in the water so that they can rest, drink, and/or eat before they, in turn, relieve some of the paddlers in the OC6. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Outrigger_paddling_on_Hudson_jeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Outrigger_paddling_on_Hudson_jeh.jpg/220px-Outrigger_paddling_on_Hudson_jeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Outrigger_paddling_on_Hudson_jeh.jpg/330px-Outrigger_paddling_on_Hudson_jeh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Outrigger_paddling_on_Hudson_jeh.jpg/440px-Outrigger_paddling_on_Hudson_jeh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1198" /></a><figcaption>Outrigger canoe racing in <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a>, New York</figcaption></figure> <p>The longer races are typically conducted in the open ocean, e.g., between islands in the South Pacific. The Molokaʻi Hoe in Hawaii, The Hamilton Cup in Australia,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Vaka Eiva in Rarotonga (Cook Islands),<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Motu2Motu in Aitutaki (Cook Islands)<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Catalina_Island,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Catalina Island, California">Catalina</a> Channel crossing in California<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are four examples of races involving water changes. </p><p>Paddlers and crews are usually classified by gender and age. Gender classification is typically straightforward, with male, female, and coed classifications, with the latter being a crew with equal numbers of male and female paddlers (different rules may apply to nine-person coed crews doing a race with paddler replacements). Age classifications typically include youth divisions like 19-and-under, 16-and-under, etc., master divisions with minimum ages typically starting at 35 or 40 years of age, and an open division which allows paddlers of any age. A novice division for paddlers with less than a specified number of years of race experience (usually one or two) may also exist in a given association. </p><p>In some races, a particular type of outrigger canoe, usually a more traditional design for the region, may be given its own racing classification. For example, races in Hawaii have a <a href="/wiki/Acacia_koa" title="Acacia koa">koa</a> division, while southern California has a Bradley OC6 division and northern California OC1 sprint races have a traditional (no rudder) division. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Organisations"><span class="anchor" id="IVF"></span><span class="anchor" id="ECORA"></span><span class="anchor" id="HCRA"></span><span class="anchor" id="NCOA"></span><span class="anchor" id="SCORA"></span> Organisations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Organisations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The International Va'a Federation (IVF) oversees <a href="/wiki/Va%27a" title="Va'a">va'a</a> racing worldwide, including the IVF World Championships <sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at the <a href="/wiki/Outrigger_canoeing_at_the_Pacific_Games" title="Outrigger canoeing at the Pacific Games">Pacific Games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vaa-tech-man-2.0_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaa-tech-man-2.0-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Outrigger racing organizations in the United States include the East Coast Outrigger Racing Association (ECORA), the Hawaiian Canoe Racing Association (HCRA), the Northern California Outrigger Canoe Association (NCOCA), the Southern California Outrigger Canoe Association (SCORA), and several more. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ama_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ama (sailing)">Ama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aka_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aka (sailing)">Aka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_maritime_trade_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian maritime trade network">Austronesian maritime trade network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burulan" title="Burulan">Burulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_sailing" title="Canoe sailing">Canoe sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">Catamaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">Crab claw sail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daramba" title="Daramba">Daramba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiri_trade_cycle" title="Hiri trade cycle">Hiri trade cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kula_ring" title="Kula ring">Kula ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapita_culture" title="Lapita culture">Lapita culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lashed-lug_boat" title="Lashed-lug boat">Lashed-lug boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Silk_Road" title="Maritime Silk Road">Maritime Silk Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands_stick_chart" title="Marshall Islands stick chart">Marshall Islands stick chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multihull" title="Multihull">Multihull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_multihull_terminology" title="Polynesian multihull terminology">Polynesian multihull terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_navigation" title="Polynesian navigation">Polynesian navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proa" title="Proa">Proa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa_Huynh-Kalanay_Interaction_Sphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere">Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_sail" title="Tanja sail">Tanja sail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimaran" title="Trimaran">Trimaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weriyeng" title="Weriyeng">Weriyeng</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Campbell-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Campbell_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCampbell1995" class="citation journal cs1">Campbell, I.C. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078617">"The Lateen Sail in World History"</a>. <i>Journal of World History</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 1–23. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078617">20078617</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+World+History&rft.atitle=The+Lateen+Sail+in+World+History&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-23&rft.date=1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20078617%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=I.C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20078617&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-horridge2008-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-horridge2008_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdrian2008" class="citation book cs1">Adrian, Horridge (2008). "Origins and Relationships of Pacific Canoes and Rigs". In Di Piazza, Anne; Pearthree, Erik (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adrian-horridge.org/downloads/Pacific%20canoes.pdf"><i>Canoes of the Grand Ocean</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. BAR International Series 1802. Archaeopress. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781407302898" title="Special:BookSources/9781407302898"><bdi>9781407302898</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Origins+and+Relationships+of+Pacific+Canoes+and+Rigs&rft.btitle=Canoes+of+the+Grand+Ocean&rft.series=BAR+International+Series+1802&rft.pub=Archaeopress&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781407302898&rft.aulast=Adrian&rft.aufirst=Horridge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadrian-horridge.org%2Fdownloads%2FPacific%2520canoes.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mahdi1999-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mahdi1999_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mahdi1999_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mahdi1999_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mahdi1999_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahdi,_Waruno1999" class="citation book cs1">Mahdi, Waruno (1999). "The Dispersal of Austronesian boat forms in the Indian Ocean". In Blench, Roger; Spriggs, Matthew (eds.). <i>Archaeology and Language III: Artefacts languages, and texts</i>. One World Archaeology. Vol. 34. Routledge. pp. 144–179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0415100542" title="Special:BookSources/0415100542"><bdi>0415100542</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Dispersal+of+Austronesian+boat+forms+in+the+Indian+Ocean&rft.btitle=Archaeology+and+Language+III%3A+Artefacts+languages%2C+and+texts&rft.series=One+World+Archaeology&rft.pages=144-179&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0415100542&rft.au=Mahdi%2C+Waruno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Doran1981-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Doran1981_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Doran1981_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Doran1981_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoran1981" class="citation book cs1">Doran, Edwin B. (1981). <i>Wangka: Austronesian Canoe Origins</i>. Texas A&M University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780890961070" title="Special:BookSources/9780890961070"><bdi>9780890961070</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wangka%3A+Austronesian+Canoe+Origins&rft.pub=Texas+A%26M+University+Press&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=9780890961070&rft.aulast=Doran&rft.aufirst=Edwin+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Doran1974-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Doran1974_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Doran1974_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Doran1974_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoran1974" class="citation journal cs1">Doran, Edwin Jr. (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document//Volume_83_1974/Volume_83%2C_No._2/Outrigger_ages%2C_by_Edwin_Doran_Jnr.%2C_p_130-140/p1">"Outrigger Ages"</a>. <i>The Journal of the Polynesian Society</i>. <b>83</b> (2): 130–140.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Polynesian+Society&rft.atitle=Outrigger+Ages&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=130-140&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Doran&rft.aufirst=Edwin+Jr.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jps.auckland.ac.nz%2Fdocument%2F%2FVolume_83_1974%2FVolume_83%252C_No._2%2FOutrigger_ages%252C_by_Edwin_Doran_Jnr.%252C_p_130-140%2Fp1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beheim-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Beheim_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeheimBell2011" class="citation journal cs1">Beheim, B. A.; Bell, A. V. (23 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3158936">"Inheritance, ecology and the evolution of the canoes of east Oceania"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</i>. <b>278</b> (1721): 3089–3095. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frspb.2011.0060">10.1098/rspb.2011.0060</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3158936">3158936</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21345865">21345865</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+B%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Inheritance%2C+ecology+and+the+evolution+of+the+canoes+of+east+Oceania&rft.volume=278&rft.issue=1721&rft.pages=3089-3095&rft.date=2011-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3158936%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21345865&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspb.2011.0060&rft.aulast=Beheim&rft.aufirst=B.+A.&rft.au=Bell%2C+A.+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3158936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hornell1932-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hornell1932_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHornell1932" class="citation journal cs1">Hornell, James (1932). "Was the Double-Outrigger Known in Polynesia and Micronesia? A Critical Study". <i>The Journal of the Polynesian Society</i>. <b>41</b> (2 (162)): 131–143.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Polynesian+Society&rft.atitle=Was+the+Double-Outrigger+Known+in+Polynesia+and+Micronesia%3F+A+Critical+Study&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2+%28162%29&rft.pages=131-143&rft.date=1932&rft.aulast=Hornell&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-alcina-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-alcina_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisco_Ignacio_Alcina1668" class="citation book cs1">Francisco Ignacio Alcina (1668). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/21366897?selectedversion=NBD197673"><i>Historia de las islas e indios de Bisayas</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+de+las+islas+e+indios+de+Bisayas&rft.date=1668&rft.au=Francisco+Ignacio+Alcina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fwork%2F21366897%3Fselectedversion%3DNBD197673&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-combes-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-combes_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisco_Combés1667" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Comb%C3%A9s" title="Francisco Combés">Francisco Combés</a> (1667). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bdh.bne.es/bnesearch/detalle/bdh0000014686"><i>Historia de las islas de Mindanao, Iolo y sus adyacentes : progressos de la religion y armas Catolicas</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+de+las+islas+de+Mindanao%2C+Iolo+y+sus+adyacentes+%3A+progressos+de+la+religion+y+armas+Catolicas&rft.date=1667&rft.au=Francisco+Comb%C3%A9s&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbdh.bne.es%2Fbnesearch%2Fdetalle%2Fbdh0000014686&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapitän1989" class="citation journal cs1">Kapitän, Gerhard (May 1989). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Austronesian+Comparative+Dictionary+%28Web+Edition%29&rft.aulast=Blust&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Trussel%2C+Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trussel2.com%2Facd%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jett2017-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jett2017_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJett2017" class="citation book cs1">Jett, Stephen C. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EgOUDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA197"><i>Ancient Ocean Crossings: Reconsidering the Case for Contacts with the Pre-Columbian Americas</i></a>. University of Alabama Press. pp. 197–200. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780817319397" title="Special:BookSources/9780817319397"><bdi>9780817319397</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Ocean+Crossings%3A+Reconsidering+the+Case+for+Contacts+with+the+Pre-Columbian+Americas&rft.pages=197-200&rft.pub=University+of+Alabama+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9780817319397&rft.aulast=Jett&rft.aufirst=Stephen+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEgOUDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mahdi2016-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mahdi2016_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mahdi2016_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahdi2016" class="citation book cs1">Mahdi, Waruno (2016). 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Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 25–49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319338224" title="Special:BookSources/9783319338224"><bdi>9783319338224</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Origins+of+Southeast+Asian+Shipping+and+Maritime+Communication+across+the+Indian+Ocean&rft.btitle=Early+Exchange+between+Africa+and+the+Wider+Indian+Ocean+World&rft.series=Palgrave+Series+in+Indian+Ocean+World+Studies&rft.pages=25-49&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9783319338224&rft.aulast=Mahdi&rft.aufirst=Waruno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F16081800&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mahdi2017-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mahdi2017_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaruno2017" class="citation book cs1">Waruno, Mahdi (2017). 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ISEAS Publishing. pp. 325–374. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789814762755" title="Special:BookSources/9789814762755"><bdi>9789814762755</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pre-Austronesian+origins+of+seafaring+in+Insular+Southeast+Asia&rft.btitle=Spirits+and+Ships%3A+Cultural+Transfers+in+Early+Monsoon+Asia&rft.pages=325-374&rft.pub=ISEAS+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9789814762755&rft.aulast=Waruno&rft.aufirst=Mahdi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F31939267&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlustTrussel2013" class="citation journal cs1">Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (December 2013). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/article/530554">"The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary"</a></span>. <i>Oceanic Linguistics</i>. <b>52</b> (2): 493–523. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fol.2013.0016">10.1353/ol.2013.0016</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146739541">146739541</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oceanic+Linguistics&rft.atitle=The+Austronesian+Comparative+Dictionary&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=493-523&rft.date=2013-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fol.2013.0016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146739541%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Blust&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Trussel%2C+Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Farticle%2F530554&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-saRman-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-saRman_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saRman_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlustTrussel2018" class="citation web cs1">Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (14 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trussel2.com/ACD/acd-s_s1.htm#30758">"*saRman outrigger float"</a>. <i>Austronesian Comparative Dictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catalinacrossing.org//">the original</a> on 30 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hcatalinacrossing.org&rft.atitle=SCORA+%E2%80%93+Catalina+Crossing+%E2%80%93+US+Outrigger+Championships&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catalinacrossing.org%2F%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160725185050/http://www.ivfiv.org/about-the-ivf.html">"About the IVF"</a>. <i>International Va'a Federation</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Va%27a+Federation&rft.atitle=About+the+IVF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ivfiv.org%2Fabout-the-ivf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vaa-tech-man-2.0-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vaa-tech-man-2.0_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190709204834/https://www.samoa2019.ws/assets/0c4129e151/VAA.pdf">"Va'a sports technical manual version 2.0"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Samoa 2019</i>. p. 6. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Samoa+2019&rft.atitle=Va%27a+sports+technical+manual+version+2.0&rft.pages=6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.samoa2019.ws%2Fassets%2F0c4129e151%2FVAA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDierking2007" class="citation book cs1">Dierking, Gary (15 August 2007). <i>Building Outrigger Sailing Canoes: Modern Construction Methods for Three Fast, Beautiful Boats</i> (Paperback) (1st ed.). Camden, Maine: International Marine/Ragged Mountain Press/McGraw Hill. p. 192. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0071487913" title="Special:BookSources/0071487913"><bdi>0071487913</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Building+Outrigger+Sailing+Canoes%3A+Modern+Construction+Methods+for+Three+Fast%2C+Beautiful+Boats&rft.place=Camden%2C+Maine&rft.pages=192&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=International+Marine%2FRagged+Mountain+Press%2FMcGraw+Hill&rft.date=2007-08-15&rft.isbn=0071487913&rft.aulast=Dierking&rft.aufirst=Gary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Steve West (2012) <i>Outrigger Canoeing – The Ancient Sport of Kings – A Paddlers Guide</i>, Batini Books, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kanuculture.com">Kanuculture</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9586554-2-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9586554-2-2">978-0-9586554-2-2</a></li> <li>Steve West (2014) <i>Outrigger Canoeing – The Art and Skill of Steering</i>, Batini Books, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kanuculture.com">Kanuculture</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9586554-1-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-9586554-1-3">0-9586554-1-3</a></li> <li>Steve West (2014) <i>Outrigger Canoeing – OC1 a Paddlers Guide</i>, Batini Books, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kanuculture.com">Kanuculture</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-09574664-4-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-09574664-4-9">978-09574664-4-9</a></li> <li>Steve West (2014) <i>Outrigger Canoeing – V1 a Paddlers Guide</i>, Batini Book, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kanuculture.com">Kanuculture</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9574664-3-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9574664-3-2">978-0-9574664-3-2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outrigger_boat&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Outrigger_canoes" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Outrigger canoes">Outrigger canoes</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDierking" class="citation web cs1">Dierking, Gary. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://homepages.paradise.net.nz/garyd/wa_apa.html">"Wa'apa: A Three Board Sailing Canoe"</a>. Gary Dierking Boatbuilder<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wa%27apa%3A+A+Three+Board+Sailing+Canoe&rft.pub=Gary+Dierking+Boatbuilder&rft.aulast=Dierking&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhomepages.paradise.net.nz%2Fgaryd%2Fwa_apa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutrigger+boat" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/welcome.html">Polynesian Voyaging Society</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060928081232/http://www.fijimuseum.org.fj/fm-history.htm">Original Outrigger Canoe</a> (Drua) in the <a href="/wiki/Fiji_Museum" title="Fiji Museum">Fiji Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nmmc.co.uk/index.php?/collections/featured_boats/gilbert_islands_outrigger">Original Outrigger Canoe</a> in the <a href="/wiki/National_Maritime_Museum_Cornwall" title="National Maritime Museum Cornwall">National Maritime Museum Cornwall</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Austronesian_ships" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#9edbea;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Austronesian_ships" title="Template:Austronesian ships"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Austronesian_ships" title="Template talk:Austronesian ships"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Austronesian_ships" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Austronesian ships"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Austronesian_ships" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian ships">Austronesian ships</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align: left;"><div id="Ship_types" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ship types</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background:lightyellow;"><a href="/wiki/Kavalan_people" title="Kavalan people">Kavalan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangka_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mangka (boat) (page does not exist)">Mangka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background:lightyellow;"><a href="/wiki/Thao_people" title="Thao people">Thao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruza_(canoe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruza (canoe) (page does not exist)">Ruza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background:lightyellow;"><a href="/wiki/Tao_people" title="Tao people">Tao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ipanitika" title="Ipanitika">Ipanitika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatara_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatara (ship)">Tatara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Island_Southeast_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Southeast Asia">Island<br />Southeast Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#e7ffce;"><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bajak" title="Bajak">Bajak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangkong" title="Bangkong">Bangkong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gubang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gubang (page does not exist)">Gubang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jong_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jong (ship)">Jong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakap_(boat)" title="Kakap (boat)">Kakap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penjajap" title="Penjajap">Penjajap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongkang" title="Tongkang">Tongkang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#e7ffce;"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abak (boat) (page does not exist)">Abak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagan_(fishing)" title="Bagan (fishing)">Bagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bago_(boat)" title="Bago (boat)">Bago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajak" title="Bajak">Bajak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangkong" title="Bangkong">Bangkong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banting_(boat)" title="Banting (boat)">Banting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benawa" title="Benawa">Benawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borobudur_ship" title="Borobudur ship">Borobudur ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerucuh" title="Cerucuh">Cerucuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chialoup" title="Chialoup">Chialoup</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eloha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eloha (page does not exist)">Eloha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fakatora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fakatora (page does not exist)">Fakatora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghali_(ship)" title="Ghali (ship)">Ghali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghurab" title="Ghurab">Ghurab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golekan" title="Golekan">Golekan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janggolan" title="Janggolan">Janggolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellore" title="Jellore">Jellore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jong_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jong (ship)">Jong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jongkong" title="Jongkong">Jongkong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juanga_(ship)" title="Juanga (ship)">Juanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">Jukung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukung_tambangan" title="Jukung tambangan">Jukung tambangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakap_(boat)" title="Kakap (boat)">Kakap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalulis" title="Kalulis">Kalulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelulus" title="Kelulus">Kelulus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolay_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolay (boat) (page does not exist)">Kolay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolekole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolekole (page does not exist)">Kolekole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knabat_bogolu" title="Knabat bogolu">Knabat bogolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kora_kora" title="Kora kora">Kora kora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotta_mara" title="Kotta mara">Kotta mara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%27un-lun_po" title="K'un-lun po">K'un-lun po</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancang_(ship)" title="Lancang (ship)">Lancang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaran_(ship)" title="Lancaran (ship)">Lancaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepa_(ship)" title="Lepa (ship)">Lepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepa-lepa_(dugout_canoe)" title="Lepa-lepa (dugout canoe)">Lepa-Lepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leti_leti" title="Leti leti">Leti leti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lis-alis" title="Lis-alis">Lis-alis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londe" title="Londe">Londe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malangbang" title="Malangbang">Malangbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayang_(boat)" title="Mayang (boat)">Mayang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orembai" title="Orembai">Orembai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padewakang" title="Padewakang">Padewakang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paduwang" title="Paduwang">Paduwang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajala_(boat)" title="Pajala (boat)">Pajala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paledang" title="Paledang">Paledang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penjajap" title="Penjajap">Penjajap</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pangkur_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pangkur (boat) (page does not exist)">Pangkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patorani" title="Patorani">Patorani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelang" title="Pelang">Pelang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencalang" title="Pencalang">Pencalang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perahu" class="mw-redirect" title="Perahu">Perahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinisi" title="Pinisi">Pinisi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lambo_(boat)" title="Lambo (boat)">Lambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palari_(boat)" title="Palari (boat)">Palari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampan" title="Sampan">Sampan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampan_panjang" title="Sampan panjang">Sampan panjang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandeq" title="Sandeq">Sandeq</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarua_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarua (boat) (page does not exist)">Sarua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sekong_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sekong (boat) (page does not exist)">Sekong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solu" title="Solu">Solu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teneh_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teneh (boat) (page does not exist)">Teneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongkang" title="Tongkang">Tongkang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toop_(boat)" title="Toop (boat)">Toop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#e7ffce;"><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bajak" title="Bajak">Bajak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangkong" title="Bangkong">Bangkong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banting_(boat)" title="Banting (boat)">Banting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedar_(ship)" title="Bedar (ship)">Bedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buggoh" title="Buggoh">Buggoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birau_(boat)" title="Birau (boat)">Birau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerucuh" title="Cerucuh">Cerucuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghali_(ship)" title="Ghali (ship)">Ghali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghurab" title="Ghurab">Ghurab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jong_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jong (ship)">Jong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juanga_(ship)" title="Juanga (ship)">Juanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakap_(boat)" title="Kakap (boat)">Kakap</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolek_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolek (boat) (page does not exist)">Kolek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancang_(ship)" title="Lancang (ship)">Lancang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaran_(ship)" title="Lancaran (ship)">Lancaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepa_(ship)" title="Lepa (ship)">Lepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelang" title="Pelang">Pelang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencalang" title="Pencalang">Pencalang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penjajap" title="Penjajap">Penjajap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perahu_payang" title="Perahu payang">Perahu payang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perahu_tambangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perahu tambangan (page does not exist)">Perahu tambangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinas_(ship)" title="Pinas (ship)">Pinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampan" title="Sampan">Sampan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampan_panjang" title="Sampan panjang">Sampan panjang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongkang" title="Tongkang">Tongkang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#e7ffce;"><a href="/wiki/Moken_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Moken people">Moken</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabang_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabang (boat) (page does not exist)">Kabang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#e7ffce;"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armadahan" title="Armadahan">Armadahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avang" title="Avang">Avang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awang_(boat)" title="Awang (boat)">Awang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaci%C3%B3n" title="Balación">Balación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a> (Barangay)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Baloto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_(boat)" title="Bangka (boat)">Bangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_anak-anak" title="Bangka anak-anak">Bangka anak-anak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basnigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Basnigan">Basnigan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Batil_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batil (boat) (page does not exist)">Batil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigiw" title="Bigiw">Bigiw</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilo_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilo (boat) (page does not exist)">Bilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birau_(boat)" title="Birau (boat)">Birau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Biray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Biroko</a> (Birok, Bidok)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buggoh" title="Buggoh">Buggoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casco_(barge)" title="Casco (barge)">Casco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinarem" title="Chinarem">Chinarem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinedkeran" title="Chinedkeran">Chinedkeran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinahit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinahit (page does not exist)">Dinahit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djenging" title="Djenging">Djenging</a> (Balutu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falua" title="Falua">Falua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garay_(ship)" title="Garay (ship)">Garay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilalo" title="Guilalo">Guilalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juanga_(ship)" title="Juanga (ship)">Juanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkun" title="Junkun">Junkun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkung" title="Junkung">Junkung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">Karakoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulibo" title="Kulibo">Kulibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanong" title="Lanong">Lanong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lapis_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lapis (boat) (page does not exist)">Lapis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepa_(ship)" title="Lepa (ship)">Lepa</a> (Kumpit, Pidlas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontang" title="Ontang">Ontang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owong" title="Owong">Owong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panineman" title="Panineman">Panineman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasaplap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pasaplap (page does not exist)">Pasaplap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penjajap" title="Penjajap">Pangayaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">Paraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salambaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Salambaw">Salambaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisipan" title="Salisipan">Salisipan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapyaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sapyaw (page does not exist)">Sapyaw</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seberen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seberen (page does not exist)">Seberen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tapake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tapake (page does not exist)">Tapake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tataya" title="Tataya">Tataya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempel_(boat)" title="Tempel (boat)">Tempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Tilimbao</a> (Tinimbao)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiririt" title="Tiririt">Tiririt</a> (Buti)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinta" title="Vinta">Vinta</a> (Dapang, Pilang)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#e7ffce;"><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sampan_panjang" title="Sampan panjang">Sampan panjang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongkang" title="Tongkang">Tongkang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island<br />Melanesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#f3ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_Islands" title="Admiralty Islands">Admiralty Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endrol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Endrol (page does not exist)">Endrol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kel_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kel (boat) (page does not exist)">Kel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#f3ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camakau" title="Camakau">Camakau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drua" title="Drua">Drua</a> (Waqa tabu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takia_(watercraft)" title="Takia (watercraft)">Takia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#f3ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Islands">Green Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C7%92p&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kǒp (page does not exist)">Kǒp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ts%C7%90ne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsǐne (page does not exist)">Tsǐne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#f3ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakatoi" title="Lakatoi">Lakatoi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#f3ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binabina" title="Binabina">Binabina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisi_(boat)" title="Lisi (boat)">Lisi</a> (Solima)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepukei" title="Tepukei">Tepukei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomako" title="Tomako">Tomako</a> (Mon, Ora)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#f3ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aka_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aka (boat) (page does not exist)">Aka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angga_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angga (boat) (page does not exist)">Angga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wangga_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wangga (boat) (page does not exist)">Wangga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cedaff;"><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands" title="Caroline Islands">Caroline Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wahr_(watercraft)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wahr (watercraft) (page does not exist)">Wahr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waserak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waserak (page does not exist)">Waserak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cedaff;"><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baurua" title="Baurua">Baurua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cedaff;"><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korkor_(boat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Korkor (boat)">Korkor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipnol" class="mw-redirect" title="Tipnol">Tipnol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walap" title="Walap">Walap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cedaff;"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Marianas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duding (page does not exist)">Duding</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duduli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duduli (page does not exist)">Duduli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaide%CA%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galaideʻ (page does not exist)">Galaideʻ</a> (Agaraide)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladjak" title="Ladjak">Ladjak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lelek_(boat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lelek (boat) (page does not exist)">Lelek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panga_(canoe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panga (canoe) (page does not exist)">Panga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakman" title="Sakman">Sakman</a> (Flying proa)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cedaff;"><a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaep" title="Kaep">Kaep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cedaff;"><a href="/wiki/Yap" title="Yap">Yap</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chugpin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chugpin (page does not exist)">Chugpin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popow_(canoe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popow (canoe) (page does not exist)">Popow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cef9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaka_(sailing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaka (sailing)">Vaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaka_katea" title="Vaka katea">Vaka katea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cef9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81lia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mālia">Mālia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wa%CA%BBa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waʻa (page does not exist)">Waʻa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa%CA%BBa_kaulua" class="mw-redirect" title="Waʻa kaulua">Waʻa kaulua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cef9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Marquesas" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquesas">Marquesas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaka_tou%CA%BBua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaka touʻua (page does not exist)">Vaka touʻua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cef9ff;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waka_(canoe)" title="Waka (canoe)">Waka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_hourua" class="mw-redirect" title="Waka hourua">Waka hourua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_taua" class="mw-redirect" title="Waka taua">Waka taua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_t%C4%ABwai" class="mw-redirect" title="Waka tīwai">Waka tīwai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cef9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBalia" class="mw-redirect" title="ʻalia">ʻalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amatasi" title="Amatasi">Amatasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fautasi" title="Fautasi">Fautasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=La%CA%BBau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laʻau (page does not exist)">Laʻau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lualua_(ship)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lualua (ship) (page does not exist)">Lualua</a> (Foulua)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopao_(canoe)" title="Paopao (canoe)">Paopao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%CA%BBa" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaʻa">Vaʻa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Va%CA%BBa-alo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaʻa-alo (page does not exist)">Vaʻa-alo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%CA%BBa-tele" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaʻa-tele">Vaʻa-tele</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cef9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Society_Islands" title="Society Islands">Society Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivahah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivahah (page does not exist)">Ivahah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahi_(ship)" title="Pahi (ship)">Pahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipairua" title="Tipairua">Tipairua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%CA%BBa" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaʻa">Vaʻa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cef9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamatafua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamatafua (page does not exist)">Hamatafua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalia_(watercraft)" title="Kalia (watercraft)">Kalia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C5%8Dpao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pōpao (page does not exist)">Pōpao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongiaki" title="Tongiaki">Tongiaki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#cef9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paopao_(canoe)" title="Paopao (canoe)">Paopao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#ffe9ce;"><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Malagasy people">Malagasy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakana" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakana">Lakana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; background:#ffe9ce;"><a href="/wiki/Sakalava_people" title="Sakalava people">Sakalava</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laka_fiara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laka fiara (page does not exist)">Laka fiara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-bottom:8px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yami_ipanitika.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Yami_ipanitika.jpg/220px-Yami_ipanitika.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Yami_ipanitika.jpg/330px-Yami_ipanitika.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Yami_ipanitika.jpg/440px-Yami_ipanitika.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2371" data-file-height="1648" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Ipanitika" title="Ipanitika">Ipanitika</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-bottom:8px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hokule%27aSailing2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hokule%27aSailing2009.jpg/220px-Hokule%27aSailing2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hokule%27aSailing2009.jpg/330px-Hokule%27aSailing2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hokule%27aSailing2009.jpg/440px-Hokule%27aSailing2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="955" data-file-height="716" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%ABle%CA%BBa" title="Hōkūleʻa">Wa'a kaulua</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-bottom:8px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg/220px-Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg/330px-Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg/440px-Boracay_paraw_sailboats_015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">Paraw</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-bottom:8px;width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yap_Canoe01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Yap_Canoe01.jpg/220px-Yap_Canoe01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Yap_Canoe01.jpg/330px-Yap_Canoe01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Yap_Canoe01.jpg/440px-Yap_Canoe01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kapal_Nur_Al_Marege,_koleksi_pribadi_Muhammad_Ridwan_Alimudin,_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kapal_Nur_Al_Marege%2C_koleksi_pribadi_Muhammad_Ridwan_Alimudin%2C_2019.jpg/220px-Kapal_Nur_Al_Marege%2C_koleksi_pribadi_Muhammad_Ridwan_Alimudin%2C_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kapal_Nur_Al_Marege%2C_koleksi_pribadi_Muhammad_Ridwan_Alimudin%2C_2019.jpg/330px-Kapal_Nur_Al_Marege%2C_koleksi_pribadi_Muhammad_Ridwan_Alimudin%2C_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kapal_Nur_Al_Marege%2C_koleksi_pribadi_Muhammad_Ridwan_Alimudin%2C_2019.jpg/440px-Kapal_Nur_Al_Marege%2C_koleksi_pribadi_Muhammad_Ridwan_Alimudin%2C_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Padewakang" title="Padewakang">Padewakang</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><div id="Ship_construction_&amp;_sailing" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ship construction & sailing</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Rigging</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">Crab claw sail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_rig" title="Junk rig">Junk rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinisi" title="Pinisi">Pinisi rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_sail" title="Tanja sail">Tanja sail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Hull</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">Catamaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lashed-lug_boat" title="Lashed-lug boat">Lashed-lug boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multihull" title="Multihull">Multihull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger">Outrigger</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Outrigger boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_multihull_terminology" title="Polynesian multihull terminology">Polynesian multihull terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proa" title="Proa">Proa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewn_boat" title="Sewn boat">Sewn boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimaran" title="Trimaran">Trimaran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Navigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fanuankuwel" title="Fanuankuwel">Fanuankuwel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fealofani_Bruun" title="Fealofani Bruun">Fealofani Bruun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hipour" title="Hipour">Hipour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafe%C5%95oor" title="Kafeŕoor">Kafeŕoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_M%C4%81ori_waka" title="List of Māori waka">List of Māori waka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassan_contact_with_Australia" title="Makassan contact with Australia">Makassan contact with Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_migration_canoes" title="Māori migration canoes">Māori migration canoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands_stick_chart" title="Marshall Islands stick chart">Marshall Islands stick chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mau_Piailug" title="Mau Piailug">Mau Piailug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_navigation" title="Polynesian navigation">Polynesian navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rapwi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rapwi (page does not exist)">Rapwi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C4%81kitimu" title="Tākitimu">Tākitimu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weriyeng" title="Weriyeng">Weriyeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yap#Navigation" title="Yap">Yapese navigation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Trade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trade_route#Austronesian_maritime_trade_network" title="Trade route">Austronesian maritime trade network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiri_trade_cycle" title="Hiri trade cycle">Hiri trade cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kula_ring" title="Kula ring">Kula ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapita_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Lapita Culture">Lapita trade network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingling-o" title="Lingling-o">Lingling-o</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Silk_Road" title="Maritime Silk Road">Maritime Silk Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa_Huynh-Kalanay_Interaction_Sphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere">Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepik_Coast_exchange" title="Sepik Coast exchange">Sepik Coast exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_trade" title="Spice trade">Spice trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trepanging" title="Trepanging">Trepanging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Archaeology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a> (Butuan boats)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borobudur_ship" title="Borobudur ship">Borobudur ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirebon_shipwreck" title="Cirebon shipwreck">Cirebon shipwreck</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Apilan">Apilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burulan" title="Burulan">Burulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daramba" title="Daramba">Daramba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kota_mara" class="mw-redirect" title="Kota mara">Kota mara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><div id="Ship_replicas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ship_replica" title="Ship replica">Ship replicas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Cook Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maire_Nui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maire Nui (page does not exist)">Maire Nui</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marumaru_Atua" title="Marumaru Atua">Marumaru Atua</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Te_Au_o_Tonga" title="Te Au o Tonga">Te Au o Tonga</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Federated States of Micronesia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halametaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halametaw (page does not exist)">Halametaw</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quest_(canoe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quest (canoe) (page does not exist)">Quest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sailoam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sailoam (page does not exist)">Sailoam</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">French Polynesia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fa%CA%BBafaite" title="Faʻafaite">Faʻafaite</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahiti_Nui_(ship)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tahiti Nui (ship) (page does not exist)">Tahiti Nui</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Guam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sakman" title="Sakman">Saina</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Hawaii</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alingano_Maisu" title="Alingano Maisu">Alingano Maisu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hawai%CA%BBiloa" title="Hawaiʻiloa">Hawaiʻiloa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hikianalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hikianalia (page does not exist)">Hikianalia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%ABle%CA%BBa" title="Hōkūleʻa">Hōkūleʻa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hokualakai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hokualakai (page does not exist)">Hokualakai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iosepa_(ship)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iosepa (ship) (page does not exist)">Iosepa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makali%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makali'i (page does not exist)">Makali'i</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Indonesia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalulis" title="Kalulis">Alfred Wallace</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Padewakang#Replica" title="Padewakang">Hati Marege</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Padewakang#Replica" title="Padewakang">Nur Al Marege</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samudra_Raksa" title="Samudra Raksa">Samudra Raksa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Borobudur_ship#Replica" title="Borobudur ship">Spirit of Majapahit</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Malaysia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Naga_Pelangi" title="Naga Pelangi">Naga Pelangi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aotearoa_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Aotearoa One">Aotearoa One</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haunui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haunui (page does not exist)">Haunui</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ngahiraka_Mai_Tawhiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ngahiraka Mai Tawhiti (page does not exist)">Ngahiraka Mai Tawhiti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C5%ABmaiterangi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pūmaiterangi (page does not exist)">Pūmaiterangi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_Aurere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te Aurere (page does not exist)">Te Aurere</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Philippines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Balatik" class="mw-redirect" title="Balatik">Balatik</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Diwata ng Lahi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Lahi ng Maharlika</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Masawa Hong Butuan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Raya Kolambu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Raya Siyagu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Sama Tawi-Tawi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarimanok_(vinta)" title="Sarimanok (vinta)">Sarimanok</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Sultan sin Sulu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Samoa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gaualofa" title="Gaualofa">Gaualofa</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>See also:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapita_culture" title="Lapita culture">Lapita culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domesticated_plants_and_animals_of_Austronesia" title="Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia">Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_seafaring" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_seafaring" title="Template:Ancient seafaring"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_seafaring" title="Template talk:Ancient seafaring"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_seafaring" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient seafaring"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_seafaring" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_seafaring" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient seafaring">Ancient seafaring</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center;"><div id="Vessels" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_navies_and_vessels" title="Ancient navies and vessels">Vessels</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Watercraft" title="Watercraft">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_(boat)" title="Bangka (boat)">Bangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beden" title="Beden">Beden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coracle" title="Coracle">Coracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhow" title="Dhow">Dhow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_boat" title="Dragon boat">Dragon boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_canoe" title="Dugout canoe">Dugout canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_ship" title="Fire ship">Fire ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galley" title="Galley">Galley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penteconter" title="Penteconter">Penteconter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%27unlun_po" class="mw-redirect" title="K'unlun po">Kunlun ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liburna" title="Liburna">Liburna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longship" title="Longship">Longship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multihull" title="Multihull">Multihull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navis_lusoria" title="Navis lusoria">Navis lusoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obelisk_ship" title="Obelisk ship">Obelisk ship</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Outriggers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakman" title="Sakman">Sakman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-outrigger" class="mw-redirect" title="Single-outrigger">Single-outrigger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">Catamaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimaran" title="Trimaran">Trimaran</a></li></ul></li> <li>Polyremes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bireme" title="Bireme">Bireme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic-era_warships" title="Hellenistic-era warships">Oared warships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trireme" title="Trireme">Trireme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrireme" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadrireme">Quadrireme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinquereme" class="mw-redirect" title="Quinquereme">Quinquereme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexareme" class="mw-redirect" title="Hexareme">Hexareme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessarakonteres" title="Tessarakonteres">Tessarakonteres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raft" title="Raft">Raft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_boat" title="Reed boat">Reed boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_ship" title="Sailing ship">Sailing ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_ships" title="Ancient Egyptian royal ships">Solar ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomol" title="Tomol">Tomol</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C4%81kitimu" title="Tākitimu">Tākitimu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uru_(boat)" title="Uru (boat)">Uru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_navies_and_vessels" title="Ancient navies and vessels">by region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_vessels#History" title="Austronesian vessels">Austronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_navy" title="Ancient Egyptian navy">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_navy" title="Achaemenid navy">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ships_of_ancient_Rome" title="Ships of ancient Rome">Rome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Propulsion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paddling" title="Paddling">Paddling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing" title="Sailing">Sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Towpath" title="Towpath">Towing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poling_(watercraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Poling (watercraft)">Poling </a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchor" title="Anchor">Anchor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_(watercraft)" title="Bow (watercraft)">Bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabin_(ship)" title="Cabin (ship)">Cabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deck_(ship)" title="Deck (ship)">Deck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figurehead_(object)" title="Figurehead (object)">Figurehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hull_(watercraft)" title="Hull (watercraft)">Hull</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boat_building#Construction_materials_and_methods" title="Boat building">Planking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keel" title="Keel">Keel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mast_(sailing)" title="Mast (sailing)">Mast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oar" title="Oar">Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle" title="Paddle">Paddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">Rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudder" title="Rudder">Rudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudder#History_of_the_rudder" title="Rudder">Steering oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sail" title="Sail">Sail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sail_components" title="Sail components">Sail components</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stem_(ship)" title="Stem (ship)">Stem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sternpost" title="Sternpost">Sternpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strake" title="Strake">Strake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile_boat#Boat_design_/_steering" title="Nile boat">Tiller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_shipbuilding_techniques" title="Ancient shipbuilding techniques">Construction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boat_building" title="Boat building">Boat building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Careening" title="Careening">Careening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carvel_(boat_building)" title="Carvel (boat building)">Carvel built</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinker_(boat_building)" title="Clinker (boat building)">Clinker built</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortise_and_tenon" title="Mortise and tenon">Mortise and tenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lashed-lug_boat" title="Lashed-lug boat">Lashed-lug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewn_boat" title="Sewn boat">Sewn-plank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding" title="Shipbuilding">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li>By region: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_technology#Navigation_and_ship_building" title="Ancient Egyptian technology">Egypt</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rigging" title="Rigging">Rigging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">Crab claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fore-and-aft_rig" title="Fore-and-aft rig">Fore-and-aft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateen" title="Lateen">Lateen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settee_(sail)" title="Settee (sail)">Settee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_sail" title="Tanja sail">Tanja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triangular_sail_rig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triangular sail rig (page does not exist)">Triangular sail</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_rig" title="Junk rig">Junk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mast-aft_rig" title="Mast-aft rig">Mast-aft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spritsail" title="Spritsail">Spritsail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_rig" title="Square rig">Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Armaments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballista" title="Ballista">Ballista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catapult" title="Catapult">Catapult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvus_(boarding_device)" title="Corvus (boarding device)">Corvus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolphin_(weapon)" title="Dolphin (weapon)">Dolphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_ship" title="Fire ship">Fire ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpax" title="Harpax">Harpax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_ram" title="Naval ram">Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambuca_(siege_engine)" title="Sambuca (siege engine)">Sambuca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/120px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/180px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/240px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="353" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center;"><div id="Navigation,_and_ports_and_harbors" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Navigation, and ports and harbors</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Marine_navigation" title="Marine navigation">Navigation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celestial_navigation" title="Celestial navigation">Celestial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_cartography" title="History of cartography">Charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portolan_chart" title="Portolan chart">Portolan chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutter_(nautical)" title="Rutter (nautical)">Rutter (nautical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_navigation" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastal navigation">Coastal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lighthouses" class="mw-redirect" title="Lighthouses">Lighthouses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_navigation" title="History of navigation">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piloting" title="Piloting">Piloting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pilot_boat" title="Pilot boat">Pilot boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_pilot" title="Maritime pilot">Maritime pilot</a></li></ul></li> <li>By region: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_navigation" title="Inuit navigation">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_navigation" title="Micronesian navigation">Micronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_navigation" title="Polynesian navigation">Polynesia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Port#Historical_ports" title="Port">Ports</a> and<br />harbors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adulis" title="Adulis">Adulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arikamedu" title="Arikamedu">Arikamedu</a> (Podouke)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsinoe_(Gulf_of_Suez)" title="Arsinoe (Gulf of Suez)">Arsinoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalites" title="Avalites">Avalites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbarikon" title="Barbarikon">Barbarikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharuch" title="Bharuch">Barygaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_Troglodytica" title="Berenice Troglodytica">Berenice Troglodytica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canopus,_Egypt" title="Canopus, Egypt">Canopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong" title="Chittagong">Chittagong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essina" title="Essina">Essina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozhi" title="Jiaozhi">Giao Chỉ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godavaya" title="Godavaya">Godavaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Guangzhou" title="Port of Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a> (Canton)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Jambukola" title="Port of Jambukola">Jambukola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puhar,_Mayiladuthurai" title="Puhar, Mayiladuthurai">Kaveri Poompattinam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a> (Kadaram)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korkai" title="Korkai">Korkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothal#Dockyard" title="Lothal">Lothal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manthai" title="Manthai">Manthai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malao" title="Malao">Malao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersa_Gawasis" title="Mersa Gawasis">Mersa Gawasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myos_Hormos" title="Myos Hormos">Myos Hormos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mottama" title="Mottama">Martaban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonburi_province" title="Chonburi province">Mueang Phra Rot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat" title="Muscat">Muscat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muziris" title="Muziris">Muziris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93c_Eo" title="Óc Eo">Óc Eo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cattigara" title="Cattigara">Cattigara</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opone" title="Opone">Opone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostia_Antica" title="Ostia Antica">Ostia Antica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piraeus#Ancient_and_medieval_times" title="Piraeus">Piraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosphorion_Harbour" title="Prosphorion Harbour">Prosphorion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemais_Theron" title="Ptolemais Theron">Ptolemais Theron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qandala" title="Qandala">Qandala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam" title="Kollam">Quilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhacotis" title="Rhacotis">Rhacotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarapion" title="Sarapion">Sarapion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathing_Phra_district" title="Sathing Phra district">Satingpra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidon" title="Sidon">Sidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socotra" title="Socotra">Socotra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonargaon" title="Sonargaon">Sounagoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trincomalee" title="Trincomalee">Trincomalee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulum" title="Tulum">Tulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyndis" title="Tyndis">Tyndis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyre,_Lebanon" title="Tyre, Lebanon">Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_al-Jarf" title="Wadi al-Jarf">Wadi al-Jarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Zanzibar" title="History of Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/120px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/180px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/240px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="353" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center;"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_maritime_history" title="Ancient maritime history">History</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maritime_prehistory" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime prehistory">Prehistory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_timeline#Prehistory" title="Maritime timeline">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Britain" title="Prehistoric Britain">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceania#Prehistory_of_Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Oceania" title="Remote Oceania">Remote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Oceania" title="Near Oceania">Near</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civilizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Old Kingdom of Egypt">Old Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_jade_culture" title="Philippine jade culture">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa_Hu%E1%BB%B3nh_culture" title="Sa Huỳnh culture">Sa Huỳnh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapita_culture" title="Lapita culture">Lapita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesians" title="Micronesians">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langkasuka" title="Langkasuka">Langkasuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champa" title="Champa">Champa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutai" title="Kutai">Kutai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarumanagara" title="Tarumanagara">Tarumanagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalingga_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalingga kingdom">Kalingga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kingdom" title="Sunda Kingdom">Sunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesians" title="Polynesians">Polynesia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Minoan Civilization">Minoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamilakam" title="Tamilakam">Tamilakam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chola_dynasty" title="Chola dynasty">Chola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chera_dynasty" title="Chera dynasty">Chera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandya_dynasty" title="Pandya dynasty">Pandya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history_of_Somalia" title="Maritime history of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuragic_civilization" title="Nuragic civilization">Nuragic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia">Phoenicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olmecs" title="Olmecs">Olmecs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthaginian_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthaginian civilization">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_city-states" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek city-states">Greece</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greece" title="Archaic Greece">Archaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Greece" title="Classical Greece">Classical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabataean_Kingdom" title="Nabataean Kingdom">Nabatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aksum" title="Kingdom of Aksum">Aksum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Rome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_maritime_migration_and_exploration" title="Timeline of maritime migration and exploration">Migration and<br />exploration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peopling_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Peopling of Australia">Peopling of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peopling_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Peopling of Micronesia">Peopling of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Migration_from_Taiwan" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian Expansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_pre-Roman_Gaul" title="Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul">Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_exploration" title="Ocean exploration">Ocean exploration</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoenician_maritime_expansion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phoenician maritime expansion (page does not exist)">Phoenician maritime expansion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician%E2%80%93Punic_Sardinia" title="Phoenician–Punic Sardinia">Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necho_II#Phoenician_expedition" title="Necho II">Circumnavigation of Africa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pytheas#Voyage_to_Britain" title="Pytheas">Pytheas' voyage to Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola" title="Gnaeus Julius Agricola">Roman circumnavigation of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_maritime_migration_and_exploration" title="Timeline of maritime migration and exploration">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mariners and<br />explorers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henenu_(high_steward)" title="Henenu (high steward)">Henenu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthymenes" title="Euthymenes">Euthymenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanno_the_Navigator" title="Hanno the Navigator">Hanno the Navigator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himilco" title="Himilco">Himilco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sataspes" title="Sataspes">Sataspes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androsthenes_of_Thasos" title="Androsthenes of Thasos">Androsthenes of Thasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archias_of_Pella" title="Archias of Pella">Archias of Pella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nearchus" title="Nearchus">Nearchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pytheas" title="Pytheas">Pytheas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megasthenes" title="Megasthenes">Megasthenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Fu" title="Xu Fu">Xu Fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippalus" title="Hippalus">Hippalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudoxus_of_Cyzicus" title="Eudoxus of Cyzicus">Eudoxus of Cyzicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maes_Titianus" title="Maes Titianus">Maes Titianus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_navies_and_vessels" title="Ancient navies and vessels">Navies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_navy" title="Ancient Egyptian navy">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_navy" title="Achaemenid navy">Achaemenid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_warfare#Naval_tactics" title="Ancient Greek warfare">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_navy" title="Roman navy">Roman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_naval_battles" title="List of naval battles">Battles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Mediterranean:</b>   <a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Alashiya" title="Battles of Alashiya">Alashiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Delta" title="Battle of the Delta">Nile Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamis" title="Battle of Salamis">Salamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Artemisium" title="Battle of Artemisium">Artemisium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eurymedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Eurymedon">Eurymedon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Naupactus" title="Battle of Naupactus">Naupactus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Olpae" title="Battle of Olpae">Olpae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Expedition" title="Sicilian Expedition">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cynossema" title="Battle of Cynossema">Cynossema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arginusae" title="Battle of Arginusae">Arginusae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mytilene_(406_BC)" title="Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)">Mytilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hellespont" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Hellespont">Hellespont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Echinades_(322_BC)" title="Battle of the Echinades (322 BC)">Echinades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamis_(306_BC)" title="Battle of Salamis (306 BC)">Salamis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mylae" title="Battle of Mylae">Mylae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Hermaeum" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Cape Hermaeum">Cape Hermaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ecnomus" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Ecnomus">Ecnomus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Drepana" title="Battle of Drepana">Drepana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Aegates" title="Battle of the Aegates">Aegates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lake_Trasimene" title="Battle of Lake Trasimene">Lake Trasimene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chios_(201_BC)" title="Battle of Chios (201 BC)">Chios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Myonessus" title="Battle of Myonessus">Myonessus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Nile" title="Battle of the Nile">Nile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Naulochus" title="Battle of Naulochus">Naulochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mycale" title="Battle of Mycale">Mycale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Actium" title="Battle of Actium">Actium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tactics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_boarding" title="Naval boarding">Boarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grappling_hook" title="Grappling hook">Grappling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incendiary_device" title="Incendiary device">Incendiaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oared_vessel_tactics" title="Oared vessel tactics">Oared vessels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_ship_tactics" title="Sailing ship tactics">Sailing ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_warfare#Naval_tactics" title="Ancient Greek warfare">Greek navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramming" title="Ramming">Ramming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_maritime_history" title="Indian maritime history">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history_of_Odisha" title="Maritime history of Odisha">Odisha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_history_of_Japan" title="Naval history of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ships_of_ancient_Rome" title="Ships of ancient Rome">Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maritime_history_of_South_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maritime history of South America (page does not exist)">South America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_rafts" title="Pre-Columbian rafts">Rafts</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/120px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/180px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/240px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="353" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center;"><div id="Economy_and_trade" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Economy and <a href="/wiki/Trade#Ancient_history" title="Trade">trade</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_whaling" title="History of whaling">Whaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_fishing" title="History of fishing">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_trade" title="Ancient Egyptian trade">Egypt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Punt" title="Land of Punt">Land of Punt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo%E2%80%93Mesopotamia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo–Mesopotamia relations">Indo–Mesopotamia relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meluhha" title="Meluhha">Meluhha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_jade_culture" title="Philippine jade culture">Maritime Jade Route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_sources_and_trade_in_ancient_times#Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Tin sources and trade in ancient times">Tin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_trade" title="Spice trade">Spice trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Southeast_Asia#Early_historical_era" title="History of Southeast Asia">Austronesian network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa_Huynh-Kalanay_Interaction_Sphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere">Sa Huynh-Kalanay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense_trade_route" title="Incense trade route">Incense trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Silk_Road" title="Maritime Silk Road">Maritime Silk Road</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea" title="Periplus of the Erythraean Sea">Periplus of the Erythraean Sea</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_trade_in_the_Maya_civilization" title="Maritime trade in the Maya civilization">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_ancient_Greece#Trade" title="Economy of ancient Greece">Greece</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece%E2%80%93Ancient_India_relations#Trade" title="Ancient Greece–Ancient India relations">Greco–Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_shipping" title="Greek shipping">shipping</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_commerce#Sea_routes" title="Roman commerce">Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Roman_trade_relations" title="Indo-Roman trade relations">Indo–Roman</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/120px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/180px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/240px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="353" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center;"><div id="Piracy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Piracy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piracy#History" title="Piracy">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mediterranean_piracy" title="Ancient Mediterranean piracy">Mediterranean piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameinias_the_Phocian" title="Ameinias the Phocian">Ameinias the Phocian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilician_pirates" title="Cilician pirates">Cilician pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_pirates#Piracy_in_the_ancient_world:_pirates_of_Joppa" title="Jewish pirates">Jewish pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_and_career_of_Julius_Caesar#Kidnapping_by_pirates" title="Early life and career of Julius Caesar">Kidnapping of Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompey%27s_campaign_against_the_pirates" title="Pompey's campaign against the pirates">Pompey's campaign against the pirates</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/120px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/180px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/240px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="353" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center;"><div id="Research_and_education" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Research and education</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Blackman" title="David Blackman">David Blackman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Casson" title="Lionel Casson">Lionel Casson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fik_Meijer" title="Fik Meijer">Fik Meijer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sinclair_Morrison" title="John Sinclair Morrison">John Sinclair Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ledyard_Rodgers" title="William Ledyard Rodgers">William L. Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_G._Starr" title="Chester G. Starr">Chester G. Starr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeologists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Bass_(archaeologist)" title="George Bass (archaeologist)">George Bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Empereur" title="Jean-Yves Empereur">Jean-Yves Empereur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Rankov" title="Boris Rankov">Boris Rankov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Richard_Steffy" title="J. Richard Steffy">J. Richard Steffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Throckmorton" title="Peter Throckmorton">Peter Throckmorton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shelley_Wachsmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shelley Wachsmann (page does not exist)">Shelley Wachsmann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics<br />and theories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_defence_and_fortification" title="Coastal defence and fortification">Coastal defence and fortification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grave_goods" title="Grave goods">Grave goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighthouse" title="Lighthouse">Lighthouses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lighthouse_of_Alexandria" title="Lighthouse of Alexandria">Alexandria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_art" title="Marine art">Marine art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_navigation" title="Marine navigation">Marine navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_archaeology" title="Maritime archaeology">Maritime archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare#Mediterranean_Sea" title="Naval warfare">Naval warfare</a></li> <li>Maritime temples <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Isthmia" title="Temple of Isthmia">Temple of Isthmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Poseidon,_Sounion" title="Temple of Poseidon, Sounion">Temple of Poseidon, Sounion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samothrace_temple_complex" title="Samothrace temple complex">Samothrace temple complex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nusantao_Maritime_Trading_and_Communication_Network" title="Nusantao Maritime Trading and Communication Network">Nusantao network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_Phoenician_discovery_of_the_Americas" title="Theory of Phoenician discovery of the Americas">Phoenician discovery of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_transoceanic_contact_theories" title="Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories">Pre-Columbian theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Peoples" title="Sea Peoples">Sea Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding" title="Shipbuilding">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midden#Shells" title="Midden">Shell middens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_burial" title="Ship burial">Ship burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacking_(sailing)" title="Tacking (sailing)">Tacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassocracy" title="Thalassocracy">Thalassocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_archaeology" title="Underwater archaeology">Underwater archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_exploration" title="Underwater exploration">Underwater exploration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_shipwrecks" title="Archaeology of shipwrecks">Wrecks<br />and relics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_before_Anno_Domini" title="List of shipwrecks before Anno Domini">Earliest</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pesse_canoe" title="Pesse canoe">Pesse canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dufuna_canoe" title="Dufuna canoe">Dufuna canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abydos_boats" title="Abydos boats">Abydos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moor_Sand_site" title="Moor Sand site">Moor Sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokos_shipwreck" title="Dokos shipwreck">Dokos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khufu_ship" title="Khufu ship">Khufu ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover_Bronze_Age_Boat" title="Dover Bronze Age Boat">Dover Bronze Age Boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uluburun_shipwreck" title="Uluburun shipwreck">Uluburun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaanite_shipwreck" title="Canaanite shipwreck">Canaanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Gelidonya#Bronze_Age_shipwreck" title="Cape Gelidonya">Cape Gelidonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wreck_of_Rochelongue" title="Wreck of Rochelongue">Rochelongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjortspring_boat" title="Hjortspring boat">Hjortspring</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontian_boat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pontian boat (page does not exist)">Pontian boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay#Butuan_boats" title="Balangay">Butuan boats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Black_Sea_shipwrecks" title="Ancient Black Sea shipwrecks">Black Sea‎</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinop_D" title="Sinop D">Sinop D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsala_Punic_shipwreck" title="Marsala Punic shipwreck">Marsala</a></li> <li>Greek: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashkelon_shipwrecks" title="Ashkelon shipwrecks">Ashkelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrenia_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyrenia ship">Kyrenia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leontophoros" title="Leontophoros">Leontophoros</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Syracusia" title="Syracusia">Syracusia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Phoenician: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gozo_Phoenician_shipwreck" title="Gozo Phoenician shipwreck">Gozo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajo_de_la_Campana_Phoenician_shipwreck" title="Bajo de la Campana Phoenician shipwreck">Bajo de la Campana</a></li></ul></li> <li>Punic: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marsala_Punic_shipwreck" title="Marsala Punic shipwreck">Marsala Punic shipwreck</a></li></ul></li> <li>Roman: <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alkedo" title="Alkedo">Alkedo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arles_Rh%C3%B4ne_3" title="Arles Rhône 3">Arles Rhône 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_shipwrecks" title="Blackfriars shipwrecks">Blackfriars I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caligula%27s_Giant_Ship" title="Caligula's Giant Ship">Caligula's Giant Ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ships_of_De_Meern" title="The Ships of De Meern">De Meern ships</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isis_(ship)" title="Isis (ship)">Isis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Madrague_de_Giens_(shipwreck)" title="Madrague de Giens (shipwreck)">Madrague de Giens</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemi_ships" title="Nemi ships">Nemi ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_ship_of_Marausa" title="Roman ship of Marausa">Marausa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yassi_Ada" title="Yassi Ada">Yassi Ada</a></li></ul></li> <li>Lists: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_surviving_ships" title="List of oldest surviving ships">Oldest surviving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museum_ships" title="List of museum ships">Museum ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_surviving_ancient_ships" title="List of surviving ancient ships">Surviving ancient ships</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H3_(Kuwait)" title="H3 (Kuwait)">H3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Experimental<br />archaeology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor_Heyerdahl" title="Thor Heyerdahl">Heyerdahl expeditions</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kon-Tiki_expedition" title="Kon-Tiki expedition">Kon-Tiki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_Heyerdahl#Boats_Ra_and_Ra_II" title="Thor Heyerdahl"><i>Ra</i> and <i>Ra II</i></a></li></ul></li> <li>Austronesian replicas <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%ABle%CA%BBa" title="Hōkūleʻa">Hōkūleʻa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarimanok_(vinta)" title="Sarimanok (vinta)">Sarimanok</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Te_Au_o_Tonga" title="Te Au o Tonga">Te Au o Tonga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hawai%CA%BBiloa#Canoe" title="Hawaiʻiloa">Hawaiʻiloa canoe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samudra_Raksa" title="Samudra Raksa">Samudra Raksa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alingano_Maisu" title="Alingano Maisu">Alingano Maisu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sakman" title="Sakman">Saina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay#Balangay_Voyage" title="Balangay">Balangay Voyage</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fa%CA%BBafaite" title="Faʻafaite">Faʻafaite</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gaualofa" title="Gaualofa">Gaualofa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marumaru_Atua" title="Marumaru Atua">Marumaru Atua</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Mediterranean <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Olympias_(trireme)" title="Olympias (trireme)">Olympias</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Navis_lusoria#Other_reconstructions" title="Navis lusoria">Regina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_Ship_Expedition" title="Phoenician Ship Expedition">Phoenician Ship Expedition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_ship_replica" title="Viking ship replica">Viking replicas</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Viking_(replica_Viking_longship)" title="Viking (replica Viking longship)">Viking</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Others <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vital_Alsar_Pacific_raft_expeditions" title="Vital Alsar Pacific raft expeditions">Vital Alsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivlia_(ship)" title="Ivlia (ship)"><i>Ivlia</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abora_(expeditions)" title="Abora (expeditions)">Abora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viracocha_expedition" title="Viracocha expedition">Viracocha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangaroa_Expedition" title="Tangaroa Expedition">Tangaroa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutes and <br />conferences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advisory_Council_on_Underwater_Archaeology" title="Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology">Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Institute_of_America" title="Archaeological Institute of America">Archaeological Institute of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Association_of_Archaeologists" title="European Association of Archaeologists">European Association of Archaeologists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Nautical_Archaeology" title="Institute of Nautical Archaeology">Institute of Nautical Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Congress_of_Maritime_Museums" title="International Congress of Maritime Museums">International Congress of Maritime Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautical_Archaeology_Society" title="Nautical Archaeology Society">Nautical Archaeology Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPM_Nautical_Foundation" title="RPM Nautical Foundation">RPM Nautical Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Research_Society" title="Sea Research Society">Sea Research Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_American_Archaeology" title="Society for American Archaeology">Society for American Archaeology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums and<br />memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodrum_Castle#Museum_of_Underwater_Archaeology" title="Bodrum Castle">Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giza_Solar_boat_museum" title="Giza Solar boat museum">Giza Solar boat museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Egyptian_Museum" title="Grand Egyptian Museum">Grand Egyptian Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrenia_Castle#Shipwreck_museum" title="Kyrenia Castle">Ancient Shipwreck Museum at Kyrenia Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Ancient_Seafaring" title="Museum of Ancient Seafaring">Museum of Ancient Seafaring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Ancient_Ships,_Pisa" title="Museum of Ancient Ships, Pisa">Museum of Ancient Ships, Pisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Subaquatic_Archaeology" title="National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology">National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology</a></li> <li>Viking ship museums: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Ship_Museum_(Oslo)" title="Viking Ship Museum (Oslo)">Oslo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Ship_Museum_(Roskilde)" title="Viking Ship Museum (Roskilde)">Roskilde</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/120px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/180px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/240px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="353" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center;"><div id="Legend_and_literature" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Legend and literature</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">Legend</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ark_of_bulrushes" title="Ark of bulrushes">Ark of bulrushes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flood_myths" title="List of flood myths">Flood myths</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_flood_narrative" title="Genesis flood narrative">Genesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilgamesh_flood_myth" title="Gilgamesh flood myth">Gilgamesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_flood_myths" title="Ancient Greek flood myths">Greek</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histories_(Herodotus)" title="Histories (Herodotus)"><i>The Histories</i> (Herodotus)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Ocean_(Pytheas)" class="mw-redirect" title="On the Ocean (Pytheas)">On the Ocean</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Histories_(Polybius)" title="The Histories (Polybius)"><i>The Histories</i> (Polybius)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geography_(Ptolemy)" title="Geography (Ptolemy)">Geography</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/120px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/180px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png/240px-Galley_-_Layard_-_Ninive_page_324_detail.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="353" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_sailing_vessels_and_rigs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sailing_vessels_and_rigs" title="Template:Sailing vessels and rigs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sailing_vessels_and_rigs" title="Template talk:Sailing vessels and rigs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sailing_vessels_and_rigs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sailing vessels and rigs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_sailing_vessels_and_rigs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of <a href="/wiki/Sailing" title="Sailing">sailing</a> vessels and <a href="/wiki/Rigging" title="Rigging">rigs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Sail" title="Age of Sail">Age of Sail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history" title="Maritime history">Maritime history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discovery" title="Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">Navigation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sailing rigs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_rig" title="Bermuda rig">Bermuda rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">Crab claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fore-and-aft_rig" title="Fore-and-aft rig">Fore-and-aft rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaff_rig" title="Gaff rig">Gaff rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunter_rig" title="Gunter rig">Gunter rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_rig" title="Junk rig">Junk rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateen" title="Lateen">Lateen rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljungstr%C3%B6m_rig" title="Ljungström rig">Ljungström rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lug_sail" title="Lug sail">Lug rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mast_aft_rig" class="mw-redirect" title="Mast aft rig">Mast aft rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinisi" title="Pinisi">Pinisi rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_rig" title="Square rig">Square rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_sail" title="Tanja sail">Tanja rig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Sailing_rigs" class="mw-redirect" title="Sailing rigs">sailing rigs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barque" title="Barque">Barque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barquentine" title="Barquentine">Barquentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brig" title="Brig">Brig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigantine" title="Brigantine">Brigantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catboat" title="Catboat">Catboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutter_(boat)" title="Cutter (boat)">Cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-rigged_ship" title="Full-rigged ship">Full-rigged ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackass-barque" title="Jackass-barque">Jackass-barque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketch" title="Ketch">Ketch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistico_(boat)" title="Mistico (boat)">Mistico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">Schooner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloop" title="Sloop">Sloop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_(ship)" title="Snow (ship)">Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yawl" title="Yawl">Yawl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multihull" title="Multihull">Multihull</a> vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBalia" class="mw-redirect" title="ʻalia">ʻalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amatasi" title="Amatasi">Amatasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baurua" title="Baurua">Baurua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigiw" title="Bigiw">Bigiw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camakau" title="Camakau">Camakau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">Catamaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drua" title="Drua">Drua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilalo" title="Guilalo">Guilalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">Jukung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaep" title="Kaep">Kaep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalia_(watercraft)" title="Kalia (watercraft)">Kalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">Karakoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kora_kora" title="Kora kora">Kora kora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakatoi" title="Lakatoi">Lakatoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanong" title="Lanong">Lanong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger_canoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger canoe">Outrigger canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahi_(ship)" title="Pahi (ship)">Pahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">Paraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentamaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentamaran">Pentamaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proa" title="Proa">Proa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrimaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadrimaran">Quadrimaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takia_(watercraft)" title="Takia (watercraft)">Takia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepukei" title="Tepukei">Tepukei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipairua" title="Tipairua">Tipairua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongiaki" title="Tongiaki">Tongiaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimaran" title="Trimaran">Trimaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungalawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ungalawa">Ungalawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%27a-tele" title="Va'a-tele">Va'a-tele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaka_katea" title="Vaka katea">Vaka katea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinta" title="Vinta">Vinta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Naval and merchant<br /><a href="/wiki/Sailing_ship" title="Sailing ship">sailing ships</a><br />and other vessels <br />(by origin date)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_history" title="Ancient history">Ancient</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boita" title="Boita">Boita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borobudur_ship" title="Borobudur ship">Borobudur ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhow" title="Dhow">Dhow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_ship" title="Fire ship">Fire ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galley" title="Galley">Galley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penteconter" title="Penteconter">Penteconter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bireme" title="Bireme">Bireme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trireme" title="Trireme">Trireme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadriremes" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadriremes">Quadriremes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessarakonteres" title="Tessarakonteres">Tessarakonteres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dromon" title="Dromon">Dromon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_(ship)" title="Junk (ship)">Junk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%27un-lun_po" title="K'un-lun po">K'un-lun po</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepa_(ship)" title="Lepa (ship)">Lepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mtepe" title="Mtepe">Mtepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uru_(boat)" title="Uru (boat)">Uru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Post-classical_history" title="Post-classical history">Post-classical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balinger" title="Balinger">Balinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benawa" title="Benawa">Benawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birlinn" title="Birlinn">Birlinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomb_vessel" title="Bomb vessel">Bomb vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cog_(ship)" title="Cog (ship)">Cog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulk_(medieval_ship_type)" title="Hulk (medieval ship type)">Hulk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jong_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jong (ship)">Jong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knarr" title="Knarr">Knarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koch_(boat)" title="Koch (boat)">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kondura_(ship)" title="Kondura (ship)">Kondura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longship" title="Longship">Longship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malangbang" title="Malangbang">Malangbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shitik" title="Shitik">Shitik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongkang" title="Tongkang">Tongkang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabra" title="Zabra">Zabra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrack" title="Carrack">Carrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_treasure_ship" title="Chinese treasure ship">Chinese treasure ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caravel" title="Caravel">Caravel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghurab" title="Ghurab">Ghurab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaran_(ship)" title="Lancaran (ship)">Lancaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoy_(boat)" title="Hoy (boat)">Hoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trabaccolo" title="Trabaccolo">Trabaccolo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crommesteven" title="Crommesteven">Crommesteven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galiot" title="Galiot">Galiot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleon" title="Galleon">Galleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleass" title="Galleass">Galleass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghali_(ship)" title="Ghali (ship)">Ghali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flyboat" title="Flyboat">Flyboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluyt" title="Fluyt">Fluyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-rigged_pinnace" title="Full-rigged pinnace">Full-rigged pinnace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorcha_(boat)" title="Lorcha (boat)">Lorcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man-of-war" title="Man-of-war">Man-of-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchua" title="Manchua">Manchua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patache" title="Patache">Patache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speronara" title="Speronara">Speronara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square-rigged_caravel" title="Square-rigged caravel">Square-rigged caravel (<i>round</i> or <i>de armada</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xebec" title="Xebec">Xebec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">17th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_sloop" title="Bermuda sloop">Bermuda sloop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">Corvette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Indiaman" title="East Indiaman">East Indiaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">Frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeas" title="Galeas">Galeas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koff_(ship_type)" title="Koff (ship type)">Koff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_(ship)" title="Pink (ship)">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polacca" title="Polacca">Polacca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_of_the_line" title="Ship of the line">Ship of the line</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilander" title="Bilander">Bilander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chialoup" title="Chialoup">Chialoup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clipper" title="Clipper">Clipper</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Clipper" title="Baltimore Clipper">Baltimore Clipper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallivat" title="Gallivat">Gallivat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garay_(ship)" title="Garay (ship)">Garay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grab_(ship)" title="Grab (ship)">Grab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gundalow" title="Gundalow">Gundalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanong" title="Lanong">Lanong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padewakang" title="Padewakang">Padewakang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_ship" title="Post ship">Post ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventy-four_(ship)" title="Seventy-four (ship)">74-gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_of_the_line" title="Ship of the line">Ship of the line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">Sloop-of-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toop_(boat)" title="Toop (boat)">Toop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trincadour" title="Trincadour">Trincadour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackwall_frigate" title="Blackwall frigate">Blackwall frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Down_Easter_(ship)" title="Down Easter (ship)">Down Easter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golekan" title="Golekan">Golekan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron-hulled_sailing_ship" title="Iron-hulled sailing ship">Iron-hulled sailing ship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ironclad_warship" title="Ironclad warship">Warship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janggolan" title="Janggolan">Janggolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambo_(boat)" title="Lambo (boat)">Lambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leti_leti" title="Leti leti">Leti leti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palari_(boat)" title="Palari (boat)">Palari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamar_barge" title="Tamar barge">Tamar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Country_Ketch" class="mw-redirect" title="West Country Ketch">West Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windjammer" title="Windjammer">Windjammer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montagu_whaler" title="Montagu whaler">Montagu whaler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fishing vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagan_(fishing)" title="Bagan (fishing)">Bagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bago_(boat)" title="Bago (boat)">Bago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barca-longa" title="Barca-longa">Barca-longa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falku%C5%A1a" title="Falkuša">Falkuša</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felucca" title="Felucca">Felucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifie" title="Fifie">Fifie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gableboat" title="Gableboat">Gableboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herring_buss" title="Herring buss">Herring buss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangada" title="Jangada">Jangada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">Jukung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugger" title="Lugger">Lugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masula_boat" title="Masula boat">Masula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayang_(boat)" title="Mayang (boat)">Mayang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patorani" title="Patorani">Patorani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordland_(boat)" title="Nordland (boat)">Nordland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixareen" title="Sixareen">Sixareen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sgoth_Niseach" class="mw-redirect" title="Sgoth Niseach">Sgoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smack_(ship)" title="Smack (ship)">Smack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartane" title="Tartane">Tartane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_smack" title="Well smack">Well smack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoal" title="Yoal">Yoal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recreational vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dinghy" title="Dinghy">Dinghy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljungstr%C3%B6m_sailboat" title="Ljungström sailboat">Ljungström sailboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mast_aft_rig" class="mw-redirect" title="Mast aft rig">Mast aft rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_cruiser" title="Pocket cruiser">Pocket cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_hydrofoil" title="Sailing hydrofoil">Sailing hydrofoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_yacht" title="Sailing yacht">Sailing yacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsboat" title="Sportsboat">Sportsboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailer_sailer" title="Trailer sailer">Trailer sailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wharram" title="James Wharram">Wharrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsurfing" title="Windsurfing">Windsurfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yacht" title="Yacht">Yacht</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inflatable_boat" title="Inflatable boat">Inflatable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lashed-lug_boat" title="Lashed-lug boat">Lashed lug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razee" title="Razee">Razee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewn_boat" title="Sewn boat">Sewn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tall_ship" title="Tall ship">Tall ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treenailed_boat" title="Treenailed boat">Treenailed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_light_displacement_boat" title="Ultra light displacement boat">ULDB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Channel_pilot_cutter" title="Bristol Channel pilot cutter">Bristol Channel pilot cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floating_restaurant" title="Floating restaurant">Floating restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusta" title="Fusta">Fusta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersey_flat" title="Mersey flat">Mersey flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_punt" title="Norfolk punt">Norfolk punt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_wherry" title="Norfolk wherry">Norfolk wherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pausik" class="mw-redirect" title="Pausik">Pausik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnace_(ship%27s_boat)" title="Pinnace (ship's boat)">Pinnace (ship's boat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pram_(ship)" title="Pram (ship)">Pram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scow" title="Scow">Scow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thames_sailing_barge" title="Thames sailing barge">Thames sailing barge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wherry" title="Wherry">Wherry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nautical_operations" title="Nautical operations">Nautical operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Culture_of_indigenous_Oceania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Oceania" title="Template:Culture of Oceania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Oceania" title="Template talk:Culture of Oceania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Oceania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Oceania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Culture_of_indigenous_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indigenous_peoples#Oceania" title="List of Indigenous peoples">Culture of indigenous Oceania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>List of resources about traditional arts and culture of Oceania</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_art" title="Oceanian art">Art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Island#Ahu" title="Easter Island">Ahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australian_art" title="Indigenous Australian art">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Arts" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapa" title="Kapa">kapa (Hawaiʻi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_(garland)" title="Lei (garland)">Lei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magimagi" title="Magimagi">magimagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moai" title="Moai">moai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_art" title="New Zealand art">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:M%C4%81ori_art" title="Category:Māori art">Māori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguzu_nguzu" title="Nguzu nguzu">nguzu nguzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_art" title="Oceanian art">Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinean_art" title="Papua New Guinean art">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reimiro" title="Reimiro">reimiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C4%81_moko" title="Tā moko">tā moko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabua" title="Tabua">tabua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%CA%BBovala" title="Taʻovala">taʻovala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapa_cloth" title="Tapa cloth">tapa ["masi" (Fiji), "ngatu" (Tonga), "siapo" (Sāmoa), " ʻuha" (Rotuma)]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattoo" title="Tattoo">tattoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C4%93fui" title="Tēfui">tēfui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tivaevae" title="Tivaevae">tivaevae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broad culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areca_nut" title="Areca nut">areca nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kava" title="Kava">"yaqona" (Fiji), or "sakau" (Pohnpei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kava_culture" title="Kava culture">Kava culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapita_culture" title="Lapita culture">Lapita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_culture" title="Māori culture">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_culture" title="Polynesian culture">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa_%27ava_ceremony" class="mw-redirect" title="Samoa 'ava ceremony">Sāmoa 'ava ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wood_carving#Aboriginal" title="History of wood carving">Wood carving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geo-specific,<br />general</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians#Culture" title="Indigenous Australians">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_astronomy" title="Australian Aboriginal astronomy">Australian Aboriginal astronomy</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Culture" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands#People_and_culture" title="Caroline Islands">Caroline Islands</a>, <i>-<a href="/wiki/Pwo" title="Pwo">Pwo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriori#Revival_of_culture" title="Moriori">Chatham Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands#Culture" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Island#Culture" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Fiji" title="Culture of Fiji">Fiji</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lau_Islands#Culture_and_economy" title="Lau Islands">Lau Islands</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fijian_traditions_and_ceremonies" title="Fijian traditions and ceremonies">traditions and ceremonies</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam#Culture" title="Guam">Guam</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lomilomi_massage" title="Lomilomi massage">Lomilomi massage</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kiribati" title="Culture of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Marquesas_Islands" title="Culture of the Marquesas Islands">French Polynesia's Marquesas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia#Culture" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Nauru" title="Culture of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia#Culture" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_New_Zealand" title="Culture of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_culture" title="Māori culture">Māori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue#Culture" title="Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island#Culture" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau#Culture" title="Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Culture of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands#Culture_and_religion" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Samoan culture">Sāmoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Solomon_Islands" title="Culture of the Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Tonga" title="Culture of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Islanders#Culture" title="Torres Strait Islanders">Torres Strait Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu#Culture" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Vanuatu" title="Culture of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna#Culture" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_navigation" title="Polynesian navigation">Polynesian Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_navigation" title="Micronesian navigation">Micronesian Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshallese_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshallese culture">Marshall Islands</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands_stick_chart" title="Marshall Islands stick chart">Stick charts of</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yap#Culture" title="Yap">Yap</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yap#Navigation_(sailing)" title="Yap">navigation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weriyeng" title="Weriyeng">Weriyeng navigation school</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canoes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_dugout_canoe" title="Aboriginal dugout canoe">Aboriginal dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alingano_Maisu" title="Alingano Maisu">Alingano Maisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Bangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drua" title="Drua">Drua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_(boat)#Pacific_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Dugout (boat)">Dugout (boat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%ABle%CA%BBa" title="Hōkūleʻa">Hōkūleʻa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaep" title="Kaep">Kaep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">Karakoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_migration_canoes" title="Māori migration canoes">Māori migration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger_canoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger canoe">Outrigger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopao_(canoe)" title="Paopao (canoe)"> Paopao (Tuvalu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">Paraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_sailing#Polynesian_sailing_canoes" title="Canoe sailing">Polynesian sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proa" title="Proa">Proa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinta" title="Vinta">Vinta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_(canoe)" title="Waka (canoe)">Waka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_M%C4%81ori_waka" title="List of Māori waka">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walap" title="Walap">Walap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBAparima" title="ʻAparima">ʻAparima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cibi" title="Cibi">cibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fara_(Rotuman_festivity)" title="Fara (Rotuman festivity)">fara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_performance" title="Fire performance">fire dancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firewalking" title="Firewalking">firewalking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haka" title="Haka">haka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hivinau" title="Hivinau">hivinau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hula" title="Hula">hula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kailao" title="Kailao">kailao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapa_haka" title="Kapa haka">kapa haka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_Kiribati" title="Dance in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meke" title="Meke">meke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27ote%27a" title="'ote'a">'ote'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%27o%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Pa'o'a">pa'o'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poi_(performance_art)" title="Poi (performance art)">poi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_Rotuma" title="Dance in Rotuma">Rotuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_culture#Dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Samoan culture">siva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dances_of_Tahiti" title="Category:Dances of Tahiti">Tahiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamure" title="Tamure">tāmūrē</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tautoga" title="Tautoga">tautoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dances_of_Tonga" title="Category:Dances of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tuvalu" title="Music of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27upa%27upa" title="'upa'upa">'upa'upa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garma_Festival_of_Traditional_Cultures" title="Garma Festival of Traditional Cultures">Garma Festival</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hawaiʻi <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aloha_Festivals" title="Aloha Festivals">Aloha Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrie_Monarch_Festival" title="Merrie Monarch Festival">Merrie Monarch Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Invitational_Hula_Festival" title="World Invitational Hula Festival">World Invitational Hula Festival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Fiji" title="List of festivals in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li>New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pasifika_Festival" title="Pasifika Festival">Pasifika Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Te_Matatini" title="Te Matatini">Te Matatini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Community" title="Pacific Community">Pacific Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Festival_of_Pacific_Arts" title="Festival of Pacific Arts">Festival of Pacific Arts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Category:Festivals in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanic_languages" title="Oceanic languages">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oceania_topic" title="Template talk:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Oceania" title="Languages of Oceania">Languages of Oceania </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Australia" title="Languages of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Fiji" title="Languages of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kiribati" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Marshall_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Nauru" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_New_Zealand" title="Languages of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Palau" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Languages of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Solomon_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Tonga" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Tuvalu" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Vanuatu" title="Languages of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states<br />of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Cook_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies<br />and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_American_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Easter_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_French_Polynesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_New_Caledonia" title="Languages of New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Norfolk_Island" title="Languages of Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Tokelau" title="Languages of Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wallis_and_Futuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by category</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Languages_of_Oceania" title="Category:Languages of Oceania">Languages of Oceania</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_literature" title="Oceanian literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oceania_topic" title="Template talk:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Literature_of_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Oceania" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Oceania">Literature of Oceania </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Federated States of Micronesia (page does not exist)">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Fiji" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Kiribati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Kiribati (page does not exist)">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Marshall_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Marshall Islands (page does not exist)">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Nauru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Nauru (page does not exist)">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Palau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Palau (page does not exist)">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Papua_New_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Solomon_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Solomon Islands (page does not exist)">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Tonga" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Tuvalu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Tuvalu (page does not exist)">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Vanuatu" title="Literature of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states<br />of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_the_Cook_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies<br />and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_American_Samoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of American Samoa (page does not exist)">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Easter_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Easter Island (page does not exist)">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_French_Polynesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of French Polynesia (page does not exist)">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Guam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Guam (page does not exist)">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_New_Caledonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Norfolk_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Norfolk Island (page does not exist)">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Northern Mariana Islands (page does not exist)">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Pitcairn Islands (page does not exist)">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Tokelau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Tokelau (page does not exist)">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Wallis_and_Futuna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Wallis and Futuna (page does not exist)">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Austral_Islands" title="Music of the Austral Islands">Austral Islands (French Polynesia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_music_of_Australia" title="Indigenous music of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Music" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Cook_Islands" title="Music of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Easter_Island" title="Music of Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Fiji" title="Music of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guam" title="Music of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kiribati" title="Music of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lali_(drum)" title="Lali (drum)">Lali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Melanesia" title="Music of Melanesia">Melanesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nauru" title="Music of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Caledonia" title="Music of New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Zealand" title="Music of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_music" title="Māori music">Māori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Niue" title="Music of Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Music of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Palau" title="Music of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Music of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Polynesia" title="Music of Polynesia">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Samoa" title="Music of Samoa">Sāmoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slit_drum" title="Slit drum">Slit drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Music of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tahiti" title="Music of Tahiti">Tahiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tokelau" title="Music of Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tonga" title="Music of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tuvalu" title="Music of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vanuatu" title="Music of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Polynesia" title="Music of Polynesia">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mythology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Aboriginal mythology">Australian Aboriginal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fijian_mythology" title="Category:Fijian mythology">Fijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangarevan_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangarevan mythology">Mangarevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahiti_and_Society_Islands_mythology" title="Tahiti and Society Islands mythology">Maohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_mythology" title="Māori mythology">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_mythology" title="Melanesian mythology">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menehune" title="Menehune">Menehune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_mythology" title="Micronesian mythology">Micronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oceanian_legendary_creatures" title="Category:Oceanian legendary creatures">Oceanian legendary creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_mythology" title="Polynesian mythology">Polynesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_mythology" title="Rapa Nui mythology">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_mythology" title="Samoan mythology">Samoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_mythology" title="Tuvaluan mythology">Tuvaluan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vanuatu_mythology" title="Category:Vanuatu mythology">Vanuatuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_and_Pacific_Islander_Policy_Research_Consortium" title="Asian American and Pacific Islander Policy Research Consortium">Asian American and Pacific Islander Policy Research Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Institute_of_Aboriginal_and_Torres_Strait_Islander_Studies" title="Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies">Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians" title="Indigenous Australians">Indigenous Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Sama-Bajau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamorro_people" title="Chamorro people">Chamorro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriori" title="Moriori">Chatham Islander (Moriori <em>or</em> Rekohu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijians" title="Fijians">Fijian (iTaukei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocano_people" title="Ilocano people">Ilocano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igorot" class="mw-redirect" title="Igorot">Igorot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivatan_people" title="Ivatan people">Ivatans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumad" title="Lumad">Lumad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Demographics of the Marshall Islands">Marshallese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesians" title="Micronesians">Micronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negrito" title="Negrito">Negrito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Islanders" title="Norfolk Islanders">Norfolk Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea" title="Indigenous people of New Guinea">Papuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesians" title="Polynesians">Polynesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maohi" title="Maohi">Indigenous Polynesian (Mā’ohi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_people" title="Rapa Nui people">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotumans" title="Rotumans">Rotuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoans" title="Samoans">Samoan (Tagata Māo‘i)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_people" title="Tagalog people">Tagalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahitians" title="Tahitians">Tahitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese aborigines">Taiwanese aborigines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokelauan_people" title="Tokelauan people">Tokelauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Tonga" title="Demographics of Tonga">Tongan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Islanders" title="Torres Strait Islanders">Torres Strait Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visayans" title="Visayans">Visayans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yami_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Yami people">Yami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oceania_topic" title="Template talk:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion_in_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Oceania" title="Religion in Oceania">Religion in Oceania </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Australia" title="Religion in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Religion in the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Fiji" title="Religion in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kiribati" title="Religion in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Religion in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nauru" title="Religion in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_New_Zealand" title="Religion in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Palau" title="Religion in Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Religion in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Samoa" title="Religion in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Solomon_Islands" title="Religion in Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tonga" title="Religion in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tuvalu" title="Religion in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vanuatu" title="Religion in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states<br />of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Cook_Islands" title="Religion in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies<br />and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_American_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Easter_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in Easter Island (page does not exist)">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_French_Polynesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_New_Caledonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Norfolk_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Pitcairn_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tokelau" title="Religion in Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wallis_and_Futuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>For other topics including Oceanian <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Oceania" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinema of Oceania">cinema</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shell_money_in_Oceania" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell money in Oceania">indigenous currency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Oceanian_clothing" title="Category:History of Oceanian clothing">dress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Category:Oceanian_folklore" title="Category:Oceanian folklore">folklore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Oceanian_cuisine" title="Category:Oceanian cuisine">cuisine</a>, see <a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Oceania" title="Category:Culture of Oceania">Category:Culture of Oceania</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Canoeing_and_kayaking" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canoeing_and_kayaking" title="Template:Canoeing and kayaking"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canoeing_and_kayaking" title="Template talk:Canoeing and kayaking"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canoeing_and_kayaking" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canoeing and kayaking"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canoeing_and_kayaking" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canoeing" title="Canoeing">Canoeing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kayaking" title="Kayaking">kayaking</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main disciplines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_sprint" title="Canoe sprint">Canoe sprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_slalom" title="Canoe slalom">Canoe slalom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_marathon" title="Canoe marathon">Canoe marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_polo" title="Canoe polo">Canoe polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildwater_canoeing" title="Wildwater canoeing">Wildwater canoeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_sailing" title="Canoe sailing">Canoe sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_freestyle" title="Canoe freestyle">Canoe freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracanoe" title="Paracanoe">Paracanoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Olympics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoeing_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Canoeing at the Summer Olympics">Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_medalists_in_canoeing_(men)" title="List of Olympic medalists in canoeing (men)">Male medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_medalists_in_canoeing_(women)" title="List of Olympic medalists in canoeing (women)">Female medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_venues_in_canoeing" title="List of Olympic venues in canoeing">Venues</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other disciplines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creeking" title="Creeking">Creeking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_boat" title="Dragon boat">Dragon boating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouka_Baich" title="Nouka Baich">Nouka Baich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddleboarding" title="Paddleboarding">Paddleboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_ski" title="Surf ski">Surf skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_kayaking" title="Surf kayaking">Surf kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_boating" title="Snow boating">Snow boating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squirt_boating" title="Squirt boating">Squirt boating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standup_paddleboarding" title="Standup paddleboarding">Standup paddleboarding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Canoe_Federation" title="International Canoe Federation">ICF</a> championships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships" title="ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships">Sprint</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_men%27s_Canadian" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in men's Canadian">Men's Canadian medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_women%27s_Canadian" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in women's Canadian">Women's Canadian medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_men%27s_kayak" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in men's kayak">Men's kayak medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_women%27s_kayak" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in women's kayak">Women's kayak medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_paracanoe" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in paracanoe">Paracanoe medalists</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships" title="ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships">Slalom</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_men%27s_canoe" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in men's canoe">Men's canoe medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_women%27s_canoe" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in women's canoe">Women's canoe medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_men%27s_kayak" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in men's kayak">Men's kayak medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_women%27s_kayak" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in women's kayak">Women's kayak medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_mixed_canoe" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in mixed canoe">Mixed canoe medalists</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICF_World_Junior_and_U23_Canoe_Slalom_Championships" title="ICF World Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships">Slalom Junior & U23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Marathon_World_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="ICF Canoe Marathon World Championship">Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Ocean_Racing_World_Championships" title="ICF Canoe Ocean Racing World Championships">Ocean Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildwater_Canoeing_World_Championships" title="Wildwater Canoeing World Championships">Wildwater canoeing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recreation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small-craft_sailing" title="Small-craft sailing">Small-craft sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_canoeing" title="Whitewater canoeing">Whitewater canoeing</a> / <a href="/wiki/Whitewater_kayaking" title="Whitewater kayaking">kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_kayak" title="Sea kayak">Sea kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_camping" title="Canoe camping">Canoe camping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak_fishing" title="Kayak fishing">Kayak fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_and_kayak_diving" title="Canoe and kayak diving">Canoe and kayak diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongola_racing" title="Dongola racing">Dongola racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_orienteering" title="Canoe orienteering">Canoe orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_livery" title="Canoe livery">Canoe livery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern boats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">Canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak" title="Kayak">Kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concrete_canoe" title="Concrete canoe">Concrete canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flyak" title="Flyak">Flyak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folding_kayak" title="Folding kayak">Folding kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Canoe" title="International Canoe">International Canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malia_(canoe)" title="Malia (canoe)">Malia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreational_kayak" title="Recreational kayak">Recreational kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprint_canoe" title="Sprint canoe">Sprint canoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional boats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleutian_kayak" title="Aleutian kayak">Aleutian kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayuco" title="Cayuco">Cayuco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chundan_vallam" title="Chundan vallam">Chundan vallam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_canoe" title="Dugout canoe">Dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fur_brigade" title="Fur brigade">Fur brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger_canoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger canoe">Outrigger canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest_canoes" title="Pacific Northwest canoes">Pacific Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabaska" title="Rabaska">Rabaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon-nosed_canoe" title="Sturgeon-nosed canoe">Sturgeon-nosed canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taimen_(kayak)" title="Taimen (kayak)">Taimen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak">Umiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_(canoe)" title="Waka (canoe)">Waka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_canoe" title="War canoe">War canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_boat_(racing)" title="Swan boat (racing)">Swan boat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Kayaking_techniques" title="Category:Kayaking techniques">Techniques</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_paddle_strokes" title="Canoe paddle strokes">Canoe paddle strokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskimo_Rescue" class="mw-redirect" title="Eskimo Rescue">Eskimo Rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak_roll" title="Kayak roll">Kayak roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portage" title="Portage">Portage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_and_kayaking_equipment" title="Category:Canoeing and kayaking equipment">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albano_buoy_system" title="Albano buoy system">Albano buoy system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger">Outrigger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle" title="Paddle">Paddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_float" title="Paddle float">Paddle float</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_leash" title="Paddle leash">Paddle leash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalex" title="Royalex">Royalex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_sock" title="Sea sock">Sea sock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spray_deck" title="Spray deck">Spray deck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuilik" title="Tuilik">Tuilik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_whitewater" title="Artificial whitewater">Artificial whitewater</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_and_kayaking_venues" title="Category:Canoeing and kayaking venues">Canoeing and kayaking venues</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_world_records_in_canoeing" class="mw-redirect" title="List of world records in canoeing">List of world records in canoeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adirondack_Canoe_Classic" title="Adirondack Canoe Classic">Adirondack Canoe Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au_Sable_River_Canoe_Marathon" title="Au Sable River Canoe Marathon">Au Sable River Canoe Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devizes_to_Westminster_International_Canoe_Marathon" title="Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon">Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusi_Canoe_Marathon" title="Dusi Canoe Marathon">Dusi Canoe Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkesbury_Canoe_Classic" title="Hawkesbury Canoe Classic">Hawkesbury Canoe Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massive_Murray_Paddle" title="Massive Murray Paddle">Massive Murray Paddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Student_Rodeo" title="National Student Rodeo">National Student Rodeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thameside_Series" title="Thameside Series">Thameside Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterside_Series" title="Waterside Series">Waterside Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverland_Paddling_Marathon" title="Riverland Paddling Marathon">Riverland Paddling Marathon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_International_Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Canadian International Dragon Boat Festival">Canadian International Dragon Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duanwu_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Duanwu Festival">Duanwu Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Dragon_Boat_Festival_in_New_York" title="Hong Kong Dragon Boat Festival in New York">Hong Kong Dragon Boat Festival in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Houston Dragon Boat Festival">Houston Dragon Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethbridge_Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Lethbridge Dragon Boat Festival">Lethbridge Dragon Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Ottawa Dragon Boat Festival">Ottawa Dragon Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_International_Dragon_Boat_Race_Festival" title="Toronto International Dragon Boat Race Festival">Toronto International Dragon Boat Race Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_organizations" title="Category:Canoeing organizations">Governing bodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Canoe_Association" title="European Canoe Association">European Canoe Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Canoe_Association" title="American Canoe Association">American Canoe Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_Australia" title="Paddle Australia">Paddle Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_UK" title="Paddle UK">Paddle UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Dragon_Boat_Racing_Association" title="British Dragon Boat Racing Association">British Dragon Boat Racing Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_Kayak_Canada" title="Canoe Kayak Canada">Canoe Kayak Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_Wales" title="Canoe Wales">Canoe Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Canoe_Federation" title="Croatian Canoe Federation">Croatian Canoe Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Canoe_Association" title="Israel Canoe Association">Israel Canoe Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Canoe_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Canoe Association">Scottish Canoe Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Canoe_Federation" title="Portuguese Canoe Federation">Portuguese Canoe Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_organizations" title="Category:Canoeing organizations">Other organisations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Canoe_Museum" title="Canadian Canoe Museum">Canadian Canoe Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Dragon_Boat_Federation" title="International Dragon Boat Federation">International Dragon Boat Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Alexander_Mackenzie_Canada_Sea-to-Sea_Bicentennial_Expeditions" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Alexander Mackenzie Canada Sea-to-Sea Bicentennial Expeditions">Sir Alexander Mackenzie Canada Sea-to-Sea Bicentennial Expeditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_Access_Campaign" title="Rivers Access Campaign">UK Rivers Access Campaign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_mass_media" title="Category:Canoeing mass media">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chasse-galerie" title="Chasse-galerie">La Chasse-galerie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paddle-to-the-Sea" title="Paddle-to-the-Sea">Paddle-to-the-Sea</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Paddle_to_the_Sea" title="Paddle to the Sea">film</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rise_and_Fall_of_the_Great_Lakes" title="The Rise and Fall of the Great Lakes">The Rise and Fall of the Great Lakes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waterwalker" title="Waterwalker">Waterwalker</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_canoeing_and_kayaking" title="Outline of canoeing and kayaking">Outline</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Water_sports_and_activities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Water_sports" title="Template:Water sports"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Water_sports" title="Template talk:Water sports"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Water_sports" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Water sports"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Water_sports_and_activities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_water_sports" title="List of water sports">Water sports and activities</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_water_sports" title="List of water sports">Activities in water</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquajogging" title="Aquajogging">Aquajogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diving_(sport)" title="Diving (sport)">Diving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_diving" class="mw-redirect" title="Synchronized diving">synchronized</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuba_diving" title="Scuba diving">Scuba diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snorkeling" title="Snorkeling">Snorkeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swimming_(sport)" title="Swimming (sport)">Swimming</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_swimming" title="Synchronized swimming">synchronized</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_aerobics" title="Water aerobics">Water aerobics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_surface_water_sports" title="List of surface water sports">Activities on water</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boating" title="Boating">Boating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodyboarding" title="Bodyboarding">Bodyboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodysurfing" title="Bodysurfing">Bodysurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_skiing" title="Cable skiing">Cable skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">Canoeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayaking" title="Kayaking">Kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiteboarding" title="Kiteboarding">Kiteboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiteboating" title="Kiteboating">Kiteboating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneeboarding_(towsport)" title="Kneeboarding (towsport)">Kneeboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddleboarding" title="Paddleboarding">Paddleboarding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standup_paddleboarding" title="Standup paddleboarding">standup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasailing" title="Parasailing">Parasailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafting" title="Rafting">Rafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverboarding" title="Riverboarding">Riverboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowing_(sport)" title="Rowing (sport)">Rowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing" title="Sailing">Sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skimboarding" title="Skimboarding">Skimboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skurfing_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skurfing (sport)">Skurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_skipping" title="Stone skipping">Stone skipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubing_(recreation)" title="Tubing (recreation)">Tubing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakeboarding" title="Wakeboarding">Wakeboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakeskating" title="Wakeskating">Wakeskating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakesurfing" title="Wakesurfing">Wakesurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_skiing" title="Water skiing">Water skiing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barefoot_skiing" title="Barefoot skiing">barefoot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsurfing" title="Windsurfing">Windsurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yachting" title="Yachting">Yachting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_water_sports" title="List of water sports">Team sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_polo" title="Canoe polo">Canoe polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinghy_racing" title="Dinghy racing">Dinghy racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_boat" title="Dragon boat">Dragon boat racing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Racing">Outrigger canoe racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_diving" class="mw-redirect" title="Synchronized diving">Synchronized diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_swimming" title="Synchronized swimming">Synchronized swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waboba" title="Waboba">Waboba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_basketball" title="Water basketball">Water basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">Water polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_volleyball" title="Water volleyball">Water volleyball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boat_racing" title="Boat racing">Boat racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_pentathlon" title="Modern pentathlon">Modern pentathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_(sport)" title="Sailing (sport)">Sailing races</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triathlon" title="Triathlon">Triathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yacht_racing" title="Yacht racing">Yacht racing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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