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<li id="toc-The_junior_college_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_junior_college_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>The junior college movement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_junior_college_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Junior_college_districts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Junior_college_districts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Junior college districts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Junior_college_districts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Growth_and_transformation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Growth_and_transformation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Growth and transformation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Growth_and_transformation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Master_Plan_for_Higher_Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Master_Plan_for_Higher_Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>The Master Plan for Higher Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Master_Plan_for_Higher_Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_of_a_statewide_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_a_statewide_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Formation of a statewide system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_of_a_statewide_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Continued_evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Continued_evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Continued evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Continued_evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Governance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Student_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Student 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</a> <ul id="toc-Enrollment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty_and_staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_and_staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Faculty and staff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_and_staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accreditation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accreditation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Accreditation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accreditation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Public higher education system in California</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">California Community Colleges</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:California_Community_Colleges_System_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/42/California_Community_Colleges_System_logo.svg/150px-California_Community_Colleges_System_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/42/California_Community_Colleges_System_logo.svg/225px-California_Community_Colleges_System_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/42/California_Community_Colleges_System_logo.svg/300px-California_Community_Colleges_System_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">Empowering community colleges through leadership, advocacy, and support</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Public community college system</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1967<span class="noprint">; 57 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1967</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/US_$" class="mw-redirect" title="US $">US $</a>25 million (planned permanent endowment)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sonya_Christian" title="Sonya Christian">Sonya Christian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">57,711</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">1,800,000+</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="state"><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Colleges</th><td class="infobox-data">116 accredited colleges</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/State_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="State of California">State of California</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cccco.edu">California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>California Community Colleges</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Postsecondary_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Postsecondary education">postsecondary education</a> <a href="/wiki/University_system" title="University system">system</a> in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Section70900_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Section70900-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The system includes the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges and 73 community college districts. The districts currently operate 116 accredited colleges. The California Community Colleges is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_universities_and_university_networks_by_enrollment" title="List of largest universities and university networks by enrollment">largest system</a> of higher education in the United States, and third largest system of higher education in the world, serving more than 1.8 million students.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite its plural name, the system is consistently referred to in California law as a singular entity.<sup id="cite_ref-Section70900_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Section70900-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/California_Master_Plan_for_Higher_Education" title="California Master Plan for Higher Education">California Master Plan for Higher Education</a>, the California Community Colleges is a part of the state's public higher education system, which also includes the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">University of California</a> system and the <a href="/wiki/California_State_University" title="California State University">California State University</a> system. Like the two other systems, the California Community Colleges system is headed by an executive officer and a governing board. The 17-member Board of Governors sets direction for the system and is in turn appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">governor of California</a>. The board appoints the Chancellor, who is the chief executive officer of the system. Locally elected Boards of Trustees work on the district level with Presidents who run the individual college campuses.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2009-0725-CA-FresnoCC-Library_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/2009-0725-CA-FresnoCC-Library_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-2009-0725-CA-FresnoCC-Library_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/2009-0725-CA-FresnoCC-Library_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-2009-0725-CA-FresnoCC-Library_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/2009-0725-CA-FresnoCC-Library_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-2009-0725-CA-FresnoCC-Library_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3647" data-file-height="1762" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fresno_City_College" title="Fresno City College">Fresno City College</a>, founded in 1910, is the oldest campus of the California Community Colleges system.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_junior_college_movement">The junior college movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The junior college movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the early 20th century, the movement to establish <a href="/wiki/Junior_college" title="Junior college">junior colleges</a> in California was led by Professor <a href="/wiki/Alexis_F._Lange" title="Alexis F. Lange">Alexis F. Lange</a>, dean of the <a href="/wiki/UC_Berkeley_School_of_Education" title="UC Berkeley School of Education">School of Education</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/David_Starr_Jordan" title="David Starr Jordan">David Starr Jordan</a>, president of <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both men shared an ulterior motive for supporting the creation of junior colleges.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They entertained the hope that one day junior colleges might be able to take over responsibility for <i>all</i> lower-division college-level courses, allowing universities to focus exclusively on upper-division college-level courses, graduate programs, and research.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was under their influence that both Berkeley and Stanford started to draw a clear dividing line between upper and lower divisions of their undergraduate college programs.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1907, Lange worked with state senator <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Caminetti" title="Anthony Caminetti">Anthony Caminetti</a> to bring about the enactment of the Upward Extension Act, the first <a href="/wiki/State_law_(United_States)" title="State law (United States)">state law</a> in the United States to formally authorize the creation of junior colleges.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senator Caminetti represented rural <a href="/wiki/Amador_County,_California" title="Amador County, California">Amador County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As articulated by Caminetti, the original rationales for junior colleges were financial, geographical, and practical.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amador County and other rural counties were hundreds of miles away from the state's only universities of any significance at the time: UC Berkeley, Stanford, and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such vast distances imposed a massive financial and logistical burden upon rural students who had to move away to attend college and parents who wished to visit their children while they were away at college.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allowing high schools (especially rural ones) to provide two years of lower-division college-level courses meant that "students could stay at home and save money, and parents could supervise their children until they were more mature".<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the leadership of Fresno school superintendent Charles L. McLane, <a href="/wiki/Fresno_High_School" title="Fresno High School">Fresno High School</a> was the first high school in the state to take advantage of the Upward Extension Act to establish a "Collegiate Department" in the fall of 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McLane's argument to the Fresno County Board of Education resembled Caminetti's argument to the state legislature: namely, there was no institution of higher education within 200 miles (321 km) of Fresno and moving away to attend college was both difficult and expensive for local high school graduates and their parents.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (This was a bit of an exaggeration, as both Berkeley and Stanford lie within 200 miles of Fresno, but both universities are still more than 150 miles (241 km) away from Fresno.) Berkeley and Stanford assisted with the selection of a principal and a faculty, and 28 students enrolled in the department that fall.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Collegiate Department of Fresno High School later developed into <a href="/wiki/Fresno_City_College" title="Fresno City College">Fresno City College</a>, which is the oldest community college in California and the second oldest community college in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1911, the principal of the Collegiate Department, A.C. Olney, transferred to <a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara_High_School" title="Santa Barbara High School">Santa Barbara High School</a> and there created California's second junior college under the Upward Extension Act.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_5_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_5-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>California soon became the leader of the American junior college movement: "In no other state was the vision of the junior college so vigorously pursued as in California."<sup id="cite_ref-Douglass_Page_126_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Douglass_Page_126-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The United States went from zero junior colleges at the start of the 20th century to nineteen junior colleges by 1915, of which eight were based in California: Azusa, Bakersfield, Fresno, Fullerton, Rocklin, San Diego, Santa Ana, and Santa Barbara.<sup id="cite_ref-Douglass_Page_126_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Douglass_Page_126-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasadena_City_College_(3926883130).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Pasadena_City_College_%283926883130%29.jpg/220px-Pasadena_City_College_%283926883130%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Pasadena_City_College_%283926883130%29.jpg/330px-Pasadena_City_College_%283926883130%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Pasadena_City_College_%283926883130%29.jpg/440px-Pasadena_City_College_%283926883130%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pasadena_City_College" title="Pasadena City College">Pasadena City College</a>, founded in 1924.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1917, the Upward Extension Act was superseded by the Junior College Act, popularly known as the Ballard Act, which established state and county funding support for junior colleges operated as part of <a href="/wiki/K%E2%80%9312" title="K–12">K–12</a> local school districts.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ballard Act substituted the term "junior college courses" for what had been previously referred to as "post-high school" or "postgraduate courses", and it authorized school districts to offer such courses in "mechanical and industrial arts, household economy, agriculture, civic education, and commerce".<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_18_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_18-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Junior_college_districts">Junior college districts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Junior college districts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1921, the state legislature enacted the District Junior College Law, which created a junior college fund for California's share of revenue from the federal <a href="/wiki/Mineral_Leasing_Act_of_1920" title="Mineral Leasing Act of 1920">Mineral Leasing Act of 1920</a> and used the revenue to support the formation of junior college districts which would be entirely separate from school districts.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The District Junior College Law originated with a bill introduced by Assemblywoman <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Hughes_(legislator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Hughes (legislator)">Elizabeth Hughes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_19-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The District Junior College Law was the first law in the United States to authorize the creation of junior college districts, and it was also the first law to pioneer the creation of "public institutions of higher education that were controlled by a local electorate rather than by an academic elite".<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_19-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The District Junior College Law became a national model for the creation of community college districts.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_7_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the District Junior College Law as enacted had two major flaws. First, it failed to supersede the Ballard Act.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the next forty years, California's junior colleges were operated by a confusing hodgepodge of school districts (under the Ballard Act) and junior college districts (under the District Junior College Law).<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Second, as structured, the new law was heavily inspired by a report of a special committee on education in the 1919 state legislature which had recommended that the state normal schools with their two-year teacher training programs should be reconstituted into four-year state teachers colleges, in which the first two years would be a "junior college program of a general nature open to all".<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_19-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By treating junior college as not much more than a general-purpose lower-division component of a state teachers college, the District Junior College Law tacitly encouraged the state teachers colleges to attempt to seize control of junior colleges in their immediate vicinity.<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_19-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This provision was abolished in 1927 and the junior colleges were eventually separated from the state teachers colleges, but not before takeovers had already occurred at Chico, Fresno, Humboldt, Santa Barbara, San Diego, and San Jose.<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_19-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 1921, <a href="/wiki/Modesto_Junior_College" title="Modesto Junior College">Modesto Junior College</a> (the 16th oldest community college in the United States) became the first junior college to be governed by a junior college district.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Just eight days later, <a href="/wiki/Riverside_City_College" title="Riverside City College">Riverside Junior College</a> reorganized itself to be governed by a junior college district, and two months later, a junior college district was formed at Sacramento.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_7_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Growth_and_transformation">Growth and transformation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Growth and transformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1932, the <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Foundation_for_the_Advancement_of_Teaching" title="Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching">Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching</a> was asked by the state legislature and governor to perform a study of California higher education.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The foundation's report found that junior colleges were wasting their resources on trying to prepare students for transfer to four-year universities, when only a small percentage actually transferred.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although 79% of junior college students at the time expressed interest in such transfers, the report recommended that 85% of junior college students should be in terminal vocational programs.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The report helped legitimize the growth of California junior colleges during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States" title="Great Depression in the United States">Great Depression in the United States</a>—in that many followed its recommendation to focus on vocational education which immediately boosted graduates' short-term earnings rather than lower-division college courses of less certain long-term value—but, by nudging the junior colleges in that direction, also ended pressure to transform junior colleges into four-year institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1933 to 1939, 65 public junior colleges were founded in the United States, of which five were founded in California, and the number of American higher education students attending junior colleges rose from 5% in 1930 to 10% in 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> California again led the nation in developing career and vocational education programs in its junior colleges, using funding from the federal <a href="/wiki/Smith%E2%80%93Hughes_Act" title="Smith–Hughes Act">Smith–Hughes Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_9_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within California, <a href="/wiki/Pasadena_City_College" title="Pasadena City College">Pasadena City College</a> was the leader of this movement, with vocational enrollment growing from 4% in 1926 to 67% in 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_9_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This shift in junior colleges' institutional focus from preparing students for transfer to universities to providing them with vocational education probably gave rise to the broader term "community college", though the source of the term is not clear.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_9_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1932, the Carnegie Foundation report had referred to junior colleges as "community institutions".<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_9_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> William T. Boyce, the acting dean (and eventually, president) of <a href="/wiki/Fullerton_College" title="Fullerton College">Fullerton Junior College</a>, later claimed to have first suggested the term in 1935 at a meeting of a group of California junior college administrators.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_10_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_10-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first published mention of the term is thought to be a 1936 article by Byron S. Hollingshead, then the president of <a href="/wiki/Keystone_College" title="Keystone College">Scranton-Keystone Junior College</a> in <a href="/wiki/La_Plume,_Pennsylvania" title="La Plume, Pennsylvania">La Plume, Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_10_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_10-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A.J. Cloud, president of <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_San_Francisco" title="City College of San Francisco">San Francisco Junior College</a>, responded to a 1940 survey questionnaire by arguing that "the junior college is properly a community college".<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_10_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_10-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1944 <a href="/wiki/G._I._Bill_of_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="G. I. Bill of Rights">GI Bill</a> dramatically increased college enrollments, and by 1950 there were 50 junior colleges in California.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> By 1960 there were 56 districts in California offering junior college courses, and 28 of those districts were not high school districts but were junior college districts formed expressly for the governance of those schools.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Auditorium,_SBVC.2_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Auditorium%2C_SBVC.2_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-Auditorium%2C_SBVC.2_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Auditorium%2C_SBVC.2_%28cropped%29.JPG/330px-Auditorium%2C_SBVC.2_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Auditorium%2C_SBVC.2_%28cropped%29.JPG/440px-Auditorium%2C_SBVC.2_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1756" data-file-height="1327" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_Valley_College" title="San Bernardino Valley College">San Bernardino Valley College</a>, founded in 1926.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Master_Plan_for_Higher_Education">The Master Plan for Higher Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Master Plan for Higher Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1960 <a href="/wiki/California_Master_Plan_for_Higher_Education" title="California Master Plan for Higher Education">Master Plan for Higher Education</a> was a turning point in higher education in California. Under the Master Plan, as implemented through the Donahoe Higher Education Act, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">UC</a> and <a href="/wiki/California_State_University" title="California State University">CSU</a> systems were to limit their enrollments, yet an overall goal was to "provide an appropriate place in California public higher education for every student who is willing and able to benefit from attendance", meaning the junior colleges were to fulfill this role. The Master Plan provided that junior colleges would be established within commuting distance of nearly all California residents, which required the founding of twenty-two new colleges on top of the sixty-four colleges already operating as of 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-ClarkKerr_Page183_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClarkKerr_Page183-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Master Plan also reaffirmed the principle that junior colleges were to be governed by local boards, under the general supervision of the <a href="/wiki/California_State_Board_of_Education" title="California State Board of Education">California State Board of Education</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_22_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_22-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1961, the Legislature finally fixed the long-running confusion about whether junior colleges should be operated by K–12 school districts or junior college districts.<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_14_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_14-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Assembly Bill 2804 created a process by which all the junior colleges created by school districts under the Ballard Act of 1917 or the earlier Upward Extension Act of 1907 would form junior college districts under the District Junior College Law of 1921 (to become entirely independent of school districts).<sup id="cite_ref-Boggs_Page_14_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boggs_Page_14-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_a_statewide_system">Formation of a statewide system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Formation of a statewide system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Master Plan refers only to "junior colleges" and does not use the term "community college." During the 1960s, state senator <a href="/wiki/Walter_W._Stiern" title="Walter W. Stiern">Walter W. Stiern</a> became increasingly vocal about the fact that the junior colleges were the only segment of California public higher education which had not yet been integrated into a statewide system, and proposed appropriate legislation to fix this.<sup id="cite_ref-Gerth_Page_461_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gerth_Page_461-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two studies in 1967 found that the <a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Education" title="California Department of Education">California Department of Education</a> (under the State Board of Education's supervision) was too "weak" to provide proper supervision of the junior colleges.<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_22_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_22-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1967, the state legislature with the concurrence of the governor enacted Senate Bill 669, which renamed the junior colleges to community colleges, created the Board of Governors for the California Community Colleges to oversee the community colleges, and formally established the community college district system, requiring all areas of the state to be included within a community college district.<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_22_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_22-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELHC20126_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELHC20126-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Board of Governors formerly took over from the State Board of Education on July 1, 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-Galizio_Page_22_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galizio_Page_22-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The degree of local control in this system, a side effect of the origins of many colleges within high school districts, can be seen in that 53 of the 73 districts (72%) govern only a single college; only a few districts in major metropolitan areas control more than four colleges. The Legislature also expressly expanded the mission of the community colleges to include vocational degree programs and continuing adult education programs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELHC20127_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELHC20127-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1990, after Stiern's death two years earlier, the Legislature honored his contribution to the creation of the California Community Colleges by creating a <a href="/wiki/Short_and_long_titles" title="Short and long titles">short title</a> based on his name for the relevant part of the California Education Code. Education Code Section 70900.5 provides that "this part shall be known, and may be cited, as the 'Walter Stiern Act.'"<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GCC_bro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/GCC_bro.jpg/220px-GCC_bro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/GCC_bro.jpg/330px-GCC_bro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/GCC_bro.jpg/440px-GCC_bro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Glendale_Community_College_(California)" title="Glendale Community College (California)">Glendale Community College</a>, founded in 1927.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Continued_evolution">Continued evolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Continued evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Master Plan for Higher Education also banned tuition, as it was based on the ideal that public higher education should be free to students (just like K-12 primary and secondary education). As officially enacted, it states that public higher education "shall be tuition free to all residents." Thus, California residents legally do not pay tuition. </p><p>The state has suffered severe budget deficits ever since the enacting of <a href="/wiki/California_Proposition_13_(1978)" class="mw-redirect" title="California Proposition 13 (1978)">Proposition 13</a> in 1978, which led to the imposition of per-unit enrollment fees for California residents (equivalent in all but name to tuition) at all community colleges and all CSU and UC campuses to get around the legal ban on tuition. Non-resident and international students, however, do pay tuition, which at community colleges is usually an additional $100 per unit (or credit) on top of the standard enrollment fee. Since no other American state bans tuition in public higher education, this issue is unique to California. In summer 2010, the state's public higher education systems began investigating the possibility of dropping the semantic confusion and switching to the more accurate term, tuition.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LBCC_LAC_Bldg_A_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/LBCC_LAC_Bldg_A_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-LBCC_LAC_Bldg_A_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/LBCC_LAC_Bldg_A_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-LBCC_LAC_Bldg_A_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/LBCC_LAC_Bldg_A_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-LBCC_LAC_Bldg_A_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="526" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach_City_College" title="Long Beach City College">Long Beach City College</a>, founded in 1927.</figcaption></figure> <p>Tuition and fees have fluctuated with the state's budget. For much of the 1990s and early 2000s, enrollment fees ranged between $11 and $13 per credit. With the state's budget deficits in the early-to-mid 2000s, fees rose to $18 per unit in 2003, and, by 2004, reached $26 per unit. Fees dropped to $20 per unit, down $6 from January 2007. It was the lowest enrollment fee of any college or university in the United States. On July 28, 2009, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed AB2X (the education trailer bill to the 2009-10 state budget), setting the community college enrollment fee back at $26 per unit, effective for the fall 2009 term. In July 2011, per-unit fees at California's community colleges stood at $36 per unit. In summer 2012, fees were raised to $46 per unit. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Moreno_Valley_College" title="Moreno Valley College">Moreno Valley College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norco_College" title="Norco College">Norco College</a> became the 111th and 112th colleges of the CCC system in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clovis Community College opened as the 113th college in 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Compton_College" title="Compton College">Compton College</a> was re-established as the 114th college in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-ComptonNBC_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComptonNBC-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ComptonSentinel_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComptonSentinel-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="anchor" id="AnchorCalbright"></span>In fall 2019, Calbright College was opened as an entirely online, but initially unaccredited, community college.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most recent in-person addition to the system is <a href="/wiki/Madera_Community_College" title="Madera Community College">Madera Community College</a>, which was recognized by the Board of Governors as the 116th accredited community college, on July 20, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The system can add up to 30 bachelor's degree programs a year at any of the colleges under a 2021 state law.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1102_Q_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/1102_Q_Street.jpg/220px-1102_Q_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/1102_Q_Street.jpg/330px-1102_Q_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/1102_Q_Street.jpg/440px-1102_Q_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4857" /></a><figcaption>Office of the Chancellor of the California Community Colleges in <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The system is governed by the Board of Governors which, within the bounds of state law, sets systemwide policy. The 17 Board members, who represent the public, faculty, students, and classified employees, are appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">governor of California</a> as directed by Section 71000 of the California Education Code.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Board is also directed by the Education Code to allow local authority and control of the community college districts to the "maximum degree permissible" and AB 1725 in 1974 added a formal consultation process which has resulted in the formation of a Consultation Council<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to assure the Board of Governors and Chancellor's Office remain responsive in this respect. </p><p>The system is administered by the Chancellor's Office located in <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>, which is responsible for allocating state funding and provides leadership and technical assistance to the colleges. The Chancellor brings policy recommendations to the Board of Governors, and possesses the authority to implement the policies of the Board through his leadership of the Chancellor's Office. The Chancellor plays a key role in the consultation process. </p><p>The CCC is a founding and charter member of <a href="/wiki/CENIC" class="mw-redirect" title="CENIC">CENIC</a>, the Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California, the nonprofit organization which provides extremely high-performance Internet-based networking to California's <a href="/wiki/K%E2%80%9312_(education)" class="mw-redirect" title="K–12 (education)">K-12</a> research and education community. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_government">Student government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Student government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Student_governments_in_the_United_States" title="Student governments in the United States">Student governments in the United States</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/California_Education_Code_48907" title="California Education Code 48907">California Education Code</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121109202240/http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=76001-77000&file=76060-76067">§ 76060</a> allows the governing board of a community college district to authorize the students of a college to organize a student body association.<sup id="cite_ref-edc76060_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edc76060-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The student body association may conduct any activities, including fundraising activities, that is approved by the appropriate college officials.<sup id="cite_ref-edc76060_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edc76060-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The governing board of the community college district may also authorize the students of a college to organize more than one student body association when the governing board finds that day students and evening students each need an association or geographic circumstances make the organization of only one student body association impractical or inconvenient.<sup id="cite_ref-edc76060_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edc76060-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Students have a right to participate. The BOG has established minimum standards governing procedures established by governing boards of community college districts to ensure faculty, staff, and students the right to participate effectively in district and college governance, and the opportunity to express their opinions at the campus level and to ensure that these opinions are given every reasonable consideration.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The BOG standards state that the governing board of a community college district shall adopt policies and procedures that provide students the opportunity to participate effectively in district and college governance, including:<sup id="cite_ref-5ccr51023.7_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5ccr51023.7-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The governing body of the association may order that an election be held for the purpose of establishing a student representation fee of $1 per semester, and a student may, for religious, political, financial, or moral reasons, refuse to pay the student representation fee in writing at the time the student pays other fees.<sup id="cite_ref-edc76060b_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edc76060b-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regulations in the <a href="/wiki/California_Code_of_Regulations" title="California Code of Regulations">California Code of Regulations</a> (CCR) require district governing boards to include information pertaining to the representation fee in the materials given to each student at registration, including its purpose, amount, and their right to refuse to pay the fee for religious, political, moral or financial reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The students of this largest system of education in the world are represented through a statewide <a href="/wiki/Students%27_union" title="Students' union">students' union</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Student_Senate_for_California_Community_Colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="Student Senate for California Community Colleges">Student Senate for California Community Colleges</a> (SSCCC). The SSCCC has a General Assembly composed of 116 Delegates selected by the associated students organization at each school. Meetings of the General Assembly are held once in the Spring in each <a href="/wiki/Academic_year" title="Academic year">academic year</a> to vote on "resolutions" of what the organization shall advocate for in the upcoming school year and to elect the new president and 5 vice-presidents. The SSCCC has 10 regional subdivisions and each subdivision or "Region" annually elects two Directors to serve on the SSCCC Board of Directors composed of 10 Regional Affairs Directors, 10 Legislative Affairs Directors, and six Board Officers. Meetings of the Board of Directors are held about 12 times during each academic year. The Board of Directors may nominate students for appointment to seats on the Board of Governors and it may appoint two representatives to the Chancellor's Consultation Council. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campuses">Campuses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Campuses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_California_Community_Colleges" title="List of California Community Colleges">List of California Community Colleges</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Students">Students</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Students"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1.8 million students of the California Community Colleges serve as the basis for the economic revitalization of California's workforce. Through its vocational endeavors, the CCC system has played a pivotal role in preparing nurses, firefighters, police, welders, auto mechanics, airplane mechanics, and construction workers to help mold the society of California. <a href="/wiki/Vocational_education" title="Vocational education">Career technical education</a> (CTE), also known as vocational training, connects students to these career opportunities by providing industry-based skills. </p><p>In 2017, California sought to eliminate the lingering stigma around CTE. The state's goal was to train and place one million workers in middle-skill jobs, meaning jobs requiring some education beyond a high school diploma which may include a college credential, but not a four-year degree. A core barrier to the growth of CTE careers is the outdated view about the jobs being dirty and low paying. Annual events such as Manufacturing Day address these misperceptions of careers in the field by providing manufacturers an opportunity to bring middle and high school students into their facilities to display the skills required in certain fields. According to the <a href="/wiki/World_Economic_Forum" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</a>, more than half of the current workforce will need to be reskilled by 2022.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enrollment">Enrollment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Enrollment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_California_Community_Colleges_by_enrollment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of California Community Colleges by enrollment">List of California Community Colleges by enrollment</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Enrollment statistics</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 186.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CCC_Historical_Enrollment.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historical enrollment"><img alt="Historical enrollment" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/CCC_Historical_Enrollment.jpg/277px-CCC_Historical_Enrollment.jpg" decoding="async" width="185" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/CCC_Historical_Enrollment.jpg/416px-CCC_Historical_Enrollment.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/CCC_Historical_Enrollment.jpg/554px-CCC_Historical_Enrollment.jpg 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="519" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Historical enrollment</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 151.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 149.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CCC_Gender.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gender composition"><img alt="Gender composition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CCC_Gender.jpg/224px-CCC_Gender.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CCC_Gender.jpg/336px-CCC_Gender.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CCC_Gender.jpg/448px-CCC_Gender.jpg 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="636" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gender composition</div> </li> </ul> <div class="center"> <table style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center; width:45%;" class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Racial and/or ethnic background (2022) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th>Students<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>California<sup id="cite_ref-census_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>United States<sup id="cite_ref-census_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</a></b> </td> <td>10.4%</td> <td>15.3%</td> <td>5.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">Black</a></b> </td> <td>5.6%</td> <td>5.1%</td> <td>11.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Filipino_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino American">Filipino</a></b> </td> <td>2.5%</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/ </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanics in the United States">Hispanic</a></b><br /> (of any race) </td> <td>49.1%</td> <td>40.4%</td> <td>19.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_White" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic White">Non-Hispanic White</a></b> </td> <td>23.0%</td> <td>33.7%</td> <td>57.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></b> </td> <td>0.3%</td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander" title="Pacific Islander">Pacific Islander</a></b> </td> <td>0.4%</td> <td>0.3%</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Multi-ethnic</b> </td> <td>4.3%</td> <td>4.9%</td> <td>4.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Unknown</b> </td> <td>4.5%</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Faculty_and_staff">Faculty and staff</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Faculty and staff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The California Community Colleges had a total employee headcount of 89,497 in fall 2006. While tenured and tenure tracked faculty were relatively well-compensated, they comprise a very small fraction of overall faculty compared to California's other two tertiary education systems. While 86% of CSU faculty members were tenured or tenure-tracked, only 30% of CCCS faculty were tenured or tenure-tracked. Temporary faculty, those who are not tenure tracked, earned an average of $62.86 per hour for those teaching for-credit courses, $47.46 for non-credit instruction, $54.93 for instructional support and $63.86 for "overload" instruction.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Staff and faculty compensation varied greatly by district. The overall average salary for tenured and tenure tracked faculty was $78,498 as of Fall 2006, with 48.7% earning more than $80,001. Salaries ranged from $64,883 in Siskiyous to $90,704 in Santa Barbara. The average for educational administrators was $116,855, while classified administrators earned an average of $87,886, classified professional earned $62,161 and classified support staff earned an average of $43,773.<sup id="cite_ref-cccco.edu_pay_scale_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cccco.edu_pay_scale-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Data<sup id="cite_ref-cccco.edu_pay_scale_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cccco.edu_pay_scale-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Headcount </th> <th>Percentage of total </th> <th>Less than $25,000 </th> <th>$25,000 to $40,000 </th> <th>$40,000 to $50,000 </th> <th>$50,000 to $60,000 </th> <th>$60,000 to $70,000 </th> <th>$70,000 to $80,000 </th> <th>More than $80,000 </th> <th>Mean </th></tr> <tr> <td>Educational administrators</td> <td>1,965</td> <td>2.2%</td> <td>1.93%</td> <td>0.51%</td> <td>0.92%</td> <td>0.97%</td> <td>1.42%</td> <td>2.85%</td> <td>90.08%</td> <td>$116,855 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tenured and tenure tracked faculty</td> <td>18,196</td> <td>20.3%</td> <td>0.21%</td> <td>0.92%</td> <td>2.21%</td> <td>7.85%</td> <td>16.24%</td> <td>23.10%</td> <td>48.70%</td> <td>$78,498 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Classified administrators</td> <td>1,470</td> <td>2.0%</td> <td>1.6%</td> <td>1.22%</td> <td>4.29%</td> <td>8.71%</td> <td>11.29%</td> <td>15.24%</td> <td>57.69%</td> <td>$87,816 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Classified professionals</td> <td>1,817</td> <td>2.0%</td> <td>7.82%</td> <td>7.93%</td> <td>10.24%</td> <td>18.66%</td> <td>17.56%</td> <td>14.14%</td> <td>21.79%</td> <td>$62,161 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Classified support staff</td> <td>24,425</td> <td>27.3%</td> <td>10.51%</td> <td>25.85%</td> <td>30.62%</td> <td>16.68%</td> <td>7.42%</td> <td>2.80%</td> <td>1.85%</td> <td>$43,773 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Academic temporary instructors</td> <td>41,624</td> <td>46.5%</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accreditation">Accreditation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Accreditation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2006, Compton College in <a href="/wiki/Compton,_California" title="Compton, California">Compton, California</a> lost its accreditation. Arrangements were made to have the college's governance transferred to <a href="/wiki/El_Camino_College" title="El Camino College">El Camino College</a>, a neighboring college.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its new name, as a division of El Camino College, was "El Camino College Compton Center." Under El Camino College the "Center" was fully accredited. Compton College was re-established as a separate college in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-ComptonNBC_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComptonNBC-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ComptonSentinel_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComptonSentinel-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2013, <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_San_Francisco" title="City College of San Francisco">City College of San Francisco</a> was notified by its accreditor, the <a href="/wiki/Accrediting_Commission_for_Community_and_Junior_Colleges" title="Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges">Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges</a> (ACCJC), that its accreditation would be revoked in 2014 if the college failed an appeals process. Brice Harris, the systemwide chancellor of the California Community Colleges system, then appointed a "special trustee with extraordinary powers," an individual granted unilateral powers, to attempt to bring the college back into compliance with the ACCJC's accreditation standards.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2017, CCSF was reaffirmed of its accreditation for the full seven-year term by the ACCJC.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/32px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/48px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/64px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:California" title="Portal:California">California portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">University of California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_University" title="California State University">California State University</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Section70900-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Section70900_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Section70900_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">California Education Code <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC&sectionNum=70900.&highlight=true&keyword=%22a%20postsecondary%20education%20system%22">Section 70900</a> (added to the Education Code by Chapter 973 of the <a href="/wiki/California_Statutes" title="California Statutes">California Statutes</a> of 1988; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edsource.org/wp-content/uploads/old/ab1725.PDF">Assembly Bill No. 1725</a>, section 8, page 17).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edsource.org/2022/california-community-colleges-eye-a-different-future-amid-pandemic-disruption/681483">"California community colleges eye a different future amid pandemic disruption"</a>. <i>EdSource</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EdSource&rft.atitle=California+community+colleges+eye+a+different+future+amid+pandemic+disruption&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedsource.org%2F2022%2Fcalifornia-community-colleges-eye-a-different-future-amid-pandemic-disruption%2F681483&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cccco.edu/executive/bog/bog.htm">Board of Governors</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070415080143/http://www.cccco.edu/executive/bog/bog.htm">Archived</a> 2007-04-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_2_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA2">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 2.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_3_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_3_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 3.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_4-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_4_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA4">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 4.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_5-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_5_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA5">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 5.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Douglass_Page_126-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Douglass_Page_126_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Douglass_Page_126_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglass2000" class="citation book cs1">Douglass, John Aubrey (2000). <i>The California Idea and American Higher Education: 1850 to the 1960 Master Plan</i>. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 126. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780804731898" title="Special:BookSources/9780804731898"><bdi>9780804731898</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+California+Idea+and+American+Higher+Education%3A+1850+to+the+1960+Master+Plan&rft.place=Stanford&rft.pages=126&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780804731898&rft.aulast=Douglass&rft.aufirst=John+Aubrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_6-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_6_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 6.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Galizio_Page_18-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_18_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalizio2021" class="citation book cs1">Galizio, Lawrence A. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA18">"Chapter 2: California Community College Governance"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 16–29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+2%3A+California+Community+College+Governance&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=16-29&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Galizio&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 18.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Galizio_Page_19-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_19_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalizio2021" class="citation book cs1">Galizio, Lawrence A. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA19">"Chapter 2: California Community College Governance"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 16–29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+2%3A+California+Community+College+Governance&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=16-29&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Galizio&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 19.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_7-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_7_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_7_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA7">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 7.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_8-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_8_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA8">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 8.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_9-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_9_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_9_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_9_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_9_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA9">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 9.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_10-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_10_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_10_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_10_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA10">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 10.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ClarkKerr_Page183-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ClarkKerr_Page183_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKerr2001" class="citation book cs1">Kerr, Clark (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jMEZ_47vXkAC&pg=PA183"><i>The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949–1967, Volume 1</i></a>. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 183. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520223677" title="Special:BookSources/9780520223677"><bdi>9780520223677</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gold+and+the+Blue%3A+A+Personal+Memoir+of+the+University+of+California%2C+1949%E2%80%931967%2C+Volume+1&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pages=183&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780520223677&rft.aulast=Kerr&rft.aufirst=Clark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjMEZ_47vXkAC%26pg%3DPA183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Galizio_Page_22-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_22_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_22_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_22_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Galizio_Page_22_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalizio2021" class="citation book cs1">Galizio, Lawrence A. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA22">"Chapter 2: California Community College Governance"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 16–29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+2%3A+California+Community+College+Governance&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=16-29&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Galizio&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 22.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boggs_Page_14-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_14_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boggs_Page_14_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Boggs, George R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4j5IEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA14">"Chapter 1: Beginnings"</a>. In Boggs, George R.; Galizio, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>A College for All Californians: A History of the California Community Colleges</i>. New York: Teachers College Press. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807779873" title="Special:BookSources/9780807779873"><bdi>9780807779873</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Beginnings&rft.btitle=A+College+for+All+Californians%3A+A+History+of+the+California+Community+Colleges&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Teachers+College+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780807779873&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4j5IEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span> (At p. 14.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gerth_Page_461-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gerth_Page_461_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerth2010" class="citation book cs1">Gerth, Donald R. (2010). <i>The People's University: A History of the California State University</i>. Berkeley: Berkeley Public Policy Press. pp. 461–462. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780877724353" title="Special:BookSources/9780877724353"><bdi>9780877724353</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+People%27s+University%3A+A+History+of+the+California+State+University&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pages=461-462&rft.pub=Berkeley+Public+Policy+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780877724353&rft.aulast=Gerth&rft.aufirst=Donald+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELHC20126-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELHC20126_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLHC2012">LHC 2012</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELHC20127-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELHC20127_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLHC2012">LHC 2012</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC&sectionNum=70900.5.">California Education Code Section 70900.5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Larry Gordon, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-jun-14-la-me-tuition-20100614-story.html">"California universities consider adopting the T-word: tuition"</a>, <i>Los Angeles Times</i>, June 14, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cccco.edu/-/media/CCCCO-Website/Students/Find-a-College/Year-College-Built/Files/CCC-Sites-Year-Built-pdf.ashx?la=en&hash=4BDBBF49B83BEF10B9F4911C3F70E92B7A3361B5">California Community Colleges: Year Built</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anthony Galaviz, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fresnobee.com/sports/article58935033.html">"Junior colleges: Clovis Community launches swim and dive team"</a>, <i>Fresno Bee</i>, February 7, 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ComptonNBC-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ComptonNBC_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ComptonNBC_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/compton-college-accreditation-restored/17280/">"Compton College Gets Its Accreditation Restored"</a>, NBC Los Angeles, June 9, 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ComptonSentinel-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ComptonSentinel_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ComptonSentinel_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lasentinel.net/compton-community-college-district-substantive-change-application-approved.html">"Compton Community College District Substantive Change Application Approved"</a>, <i>Los Angeles Sentinel</i>, August 30, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nanette Asimov, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/Heather-Hiles-chief-of-CA-s-new-online-14975421.php">"Heather Hiles, chief of California's new online community college, resigns"</a>, <i>San Francisco Chronicle</i>, January 14, 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dustin Gardiner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/California-s-online-only-community-college-15327724.php">"California's online-only community college is flunking out with legislators"</a>, <i>San Francisco Chronicle</i>, June 10, 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cccco.edu/About-Us/News-and-Media/Press-Releases/2020-Madera-College-PR">"Board of Governors Recognizes Madera Community College as the 116th Community College in California | California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office"</a>. <i>www.cccco.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cccco.edu&rft.atitle=Board+of+Governors+Recognizes+Madera+Community+College+as+the+116th+Community+College+in+California+%7C+California+Community+Colleges+Chancellor%27s+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cccco.edu%2FAbout-Us%2FNews-and-Media%2FPress-Releases%2F2020-Madera-College-PR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurtaugh2023" class="citation web cs1">Murtaugh, Isaiah (October 23, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/education/schoolwatch/2023/10/23/two-community-colleges-set-for-bachelors-degree-programs/71255193007/">"Oxnard College, Ventura College set for bachelor's degree programs"</a>. <i>Ventura County Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ventura+County+Star&rft.atitle=Oxnard+College%2C+Ventura+College+set+for+bachelor%27s+degree+programs&rft.date=2023-10-23&rft.aulast=Murtaugh&rft.aufirst=Isaiah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vcstar.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Feducation%2Fschoolwatch%2F2023%2F10%2F23%2Ftwo-community-colleges-set-for-bachelors-degree-programs%2F71255193007%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100620194839/http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=70001-71000&file=71000-71004">"California Education Code Section 71000"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=70001-71000&file=71000-71004">the original</a> on June 20, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+Education+Code+Section+71000.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leginfo.ca.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fdisplaycode%3Fsection%3Dedc%26group%3D70001-71000%26file%3D71000-71004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cccco.edu/SystemOffice/ConsultationCouncil/tabid/522/Default.aspx">Chancellor's Consultation Council</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928084400/http://www.cccco.edu/SystemOffice/ConsultationCouncil/tabid/522/Default.aspx">Archived</a> 2011-09-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-edc76060-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-edc76060_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-edc76060_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-edc76060_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/California_Education_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="California Education Code">California Education Code</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=76001-77000&file=76060-76067">§ 76060</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121109202240/http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=76001-77000&file=76060-76067">Archived</a> 2012-11-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapter 973 of the <a href="/wiki/California_Statutes" title="California Statutes">California Statutes</a> of 1988</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/California_Education_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="California Education Code">California Education Code</a> § 70901(b)(1)(E)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5ccr51023.7-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5ccr51023.7_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">5 <a href="/wiki/California_Code_of_Regulations" title="California Code of Regulations">CCR</a> § 51023.7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-edc76060b-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-edc76060b_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/California_Education_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="California Education Code">California Education Code</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=76001-77000&file=76060-76067">§ 76060.5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121109202240/http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=edc&group=76001-77000&file=76060-76067">Archived</a> 2012-11-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">5 <a href="/wiki/California_Code_of_Regulations" title="California Code of Regulations">CCR</a> § 54805</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datamart.cccco.edu/Students/Enrollment_Status.aspx">"Enrollment Status Summary Report"</a>. California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Enrollment+Status+Summary+Report&rft.pub=California+Community+Colleges+Chancellor%27s+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatamart.cccco.edu%2FStudents%2FEnrollment_Status.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240522174526/https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-raceethnicity/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D">"Population Distribution by Race/Ethnicity"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Family_Foundation" title="Kaiser Family Foundation">Kaiser Family Foundation</a></i>. October 28, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-raceethnicity/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D">the original</a> on May 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kaiser+Family+Foundation&rft.atitle=Population+Distribution+by+Race%2FEthnicity&rft.date=2022-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kff.org%2Fother%2Fstate-indicator%2Fdistribution-by-raceethnicity%2F%3FcurrentTimeframe%3D0%26sortModel%3D%257B%2522colId%2522%3A%2522Location%2522%2C%2522sort%2522%3A%2522asc%2522%257D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cccco.edu/ChancellorsOffice/Divisions/TechResearchInfo/MIS/DataMartandReports/tabid/282/Default.aspx">| Chancellor's Office | Data Mart</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225134526/http://www.cccco.edu/ChancellorsOffice/Divisions/TechResearchInfo/MIS/DataMartandReports/tabid/282/Default.aspx">Archived</a> 2012-02-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://employeedata.cccco.edu/statewide_summary_06.pdf">"California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office. (April 26, 2007). <i>Report on Staffing for Fall 2006: Statewide Summary</i>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+Community+Colleges+Chancellor%27s+Office.+%28April+26%2C+2007%29.+Report+on+Staffing+for+Fall+2006%3A+Statewide+Summary.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femployeedata.cccco.edu%2Fstatewide_summary_06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cccco.edu_pay_scale-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cccco.edu_pay_scale_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cccco.edu_pay_scale_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://employeedata.cccco.edu/avg_salary_06.pdf">"California Community Colleges Chancelor's Office. (Fall, 2006). <i>Employee Category Salary Distribution by District</i>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+Community+Colleges+Chancelor%27s+Office.+%28Fall%2C+2006%29.+Employee+Category+Salary+Distribution+by+District.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femployeedata.cccco.edu%2Favg_salary_06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.calstate.edu/pa/clips2007/january/25jan/compton.shtml">CSU | Public Affairs | Daily Clips</a>. Calstate.edu. Retrieved on 2013-08-09.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/education/article/City-College-of-S-F-trustees-lose-power-4653640.php">City College of S.F. trustees lose power</a>. SFGate (2013-07-09). Retrieved on 2013-08-09.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXia2017" class="citation news cs1">Xia, Rosanna (January 20, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-city-college-san-francisco-accreditation-20170119-story.html">"City College of San Francisco wins back accreditation after years of uncertainty"</a>. <i>LA Times</i>. Los Angeles Times<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LA+Times&rft.atitle=City+College+of+San+Francisco+wins+back+accreditation+after+years+of+uncertainty&rft.date=2017-01-20&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Rosanna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Flocal%2Flanow%2Fla-me-city-college-san-francisco-accreditation-20170119-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLHC2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Little_Hoover_Commission" title="Little Hoover Commission">Milton Marks Commission on California State Government Organization and Economy</a> (February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lhc.ca.gov/sites/lhc.ca.gov/files/Reports/210/Report210.pdf"><i>Serving Students, Serving California: Updating the California Community Colleges to Meet Evolving Demands</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Sacramento: State of California<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Serving+Students%2C+Serving+California%3A+Updating+the+California+Community+Colleges+to+Meet+Evolving+Demands&rft.place=Sacramento&rft.pub=State+of+California&rft.date=2012-02&rft.au=Milton+Marks+Commission+on+California+State+Government+Organization+and+Economy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flhc.ca.gov%2Fsites%2Flhc.ca.gov%2Ffiles%2FReports%2F210%2FReport210.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalifornia+Community+Colleges" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Community_Colleges&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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href="/wiki/Template:California_Community_Colleges_System" title="Template:California Community Colleges System"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:California_Community_Colleges_System" title="Template talk:California Community Colleges System"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:California_Community_Colleges_System" title="Special:EditPage/Template:California Community Colleges System"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="California_Community_Colleges" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">California Community Colleges</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Technology_%26_Education_Park" title="Advanced Technology & Education Park">Advanced Tech. & Education Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Alameda" title="College of Alameda">Alameda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Hancock_College" title="Allan Hancock College">Allan Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_River_College" title="American River College">American River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antelope_Valley_College" title="Antelope Valley College">Antelope Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield_College" title="Bakersfield College">Bakersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barstow_Community_College" title="Barstow Community College">Barstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_City_College" title="Berkeley City College">Berkeley City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butte_College" title="Butte College">Butte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrillo_College" title="Cabrillo College">Cabrillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%B1ada_College" title="Cañada College">Cañada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Canyons" title="College of the Canyons">Canyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerritos_College" title="Cerritos College">Cerritos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerro_Coso_Community_College" title="Cerro Coso Community College">Cerro Coso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chabot_College" title="Chabot College">Chabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaffey_College" title="Chaffey College">Chaffey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_College" title="Citrus College">Citrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_San_Francisco" title="City College of San Francisco">City College of San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_Community_College_(California)" title="Clovis Community College (California)">Clovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalinga_College" title="Coalinga College">Coalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastline_Community_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastline Community College">Coastline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_College_(California)" title="Columbia College (California)">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_College" title="Compton College">Compton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_College" title="Contra Costa College">Contra Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper_Mountain_College" title="Copper Mountain College">Copper Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosumnes_River_College" title="Cosumnes River College">Cosumnes River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crafton_Hills_College" title="Crafton Hills College">Crafton Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuesta_College" title="Cuesta College">Cuesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuyamaca_College" title="Cuyamaca College">Cuyamaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypress_College" title="Cypress College">Cypress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Anza_College" title="De Anza College">De Anza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Desert" title="College of the Desert">Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diablo_Valley_College" title="Diablo Valley College">Diablo Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Los_Angeles_College" title="East Los Angeles College">East L.A.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Camino_College" title="El Camino College">El Camino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evergreen_Valley_College" title="Evergreen Valley College">Evergreen Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feather_River_College" title="Feather River College">Feather River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_Lake_College" title="Folsom Lake College">Folsom Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foothill_College" title="Foothill College">Foothill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_City_College" title="Fresno City College">Fresno City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fullerton_College" title="Fullerton College">Fullerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavilan_College" title="Gavilan College">Gavilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale_Community_College_(California)" title="Glendale Community College (California)">Glendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_West_College" title="Golden West College">Golden West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grossmont_College" title="Grossmont College">Grossmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartnell_College" title="Hartnell College">Hartnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley_College" title="Imperial Valley College">Imperial Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvine_Valley_College" title="Irvine Valley College">Irvine Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tahoe_Community_College" title="Lake Tahoe Community College">Lake Tahoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laney_College" title="Laney College">Laney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Positas_College" title="Las Positas College">Las Positas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lassen_Community_College" title="Lassen Community College">Lassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemoore_College" title="Lemoore College">Lemoore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach_City_College" title="Long Beach City College">Long Beach City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_City_College" title="Los Angeles City College">L.A. City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Harbor_College" title="Los Angeles Harbor College">L.A. Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Mission_College" title="Los Angeles Mission College">L.A. Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Pierce_College" title="Los Angeles Pierce College">L.A. Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Southwest_College" title="Los Angeles Southwest College">L.A. Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Trade%E2%80%93Technical_College" title="Los Angeles Trade–Technical College">L.A. Trade–Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Valley_College" title="Los Angeles Valley College">L.A. Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Medanos_College" title="Los Medanos College">Los Medanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madera_Community_College" title="Madera Community College">Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Marin" title="College of Marin">Marin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendocino_College" title="Mendocino College">Mendocino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merced_College" title="Merced College">Merced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merritt_College" title="Merritt College">Merritt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiraCosta_College" title="MiraCosta College">MiraCosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_College_(California)" title="Mission College (California)">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modesto_Junior_College" title="Modesto Junior College">Modesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_Peninsula_College" title="Monterey Peninsula College">Monterey Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorpark_College" title="Moorpark College">Moorpark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreno_Valley_College" title="Moreno Valley College">Moreno Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mt._San_Antonio_College" title="Mt. San Antonio College">Mt. San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mt._San_Jacinto_College" title="Mt. San Jacinto College">Mt. San Jacinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley_College" title="Napa Valley College">Napa Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norco_College" title="Norco College">Norco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohlone_College" title="Ohlone College">Ohlone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Coast_College" title="Orange Coast College">Orange Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxnard_College" title="Oxnard College">Oxnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Verde_College" title="Palo Verde College">Palo Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palomar_College" title="Palomar College">Palomar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasadena_City_College" title="Pasadena City College">Pasadena City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porterville_College" title="Porterville College">Porterville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reedley_College" title="Reedley College">Reedley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Redwoods" title="College of the Redwoods">Redwoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Hondo_College" title="Rio Hondo College">Rio Hondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_City_College" title="Riverside City College">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_City_College" title="Sacramento City College">Sacramento City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddleback_College" title="Saddleback College">Saddleback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_Valley_College" title="San Bernardino Valley College">San Bernardino Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_City_College" title="San Diego City College">San Diego City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Continuing_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego Continuing Education">San Diego Continuing Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Mesa_College" title="San Diego Mesa College">San Diego Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Miramar_College" title="San Diego Miramar College">San Diego Miramar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Delta_College" title="San Joaquin Delta College">San Joaquin Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose_City_College" title="San Jose City College">San Jose City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_San_Mateo" title="College of San Mateo">San Mateo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana_College" title="Santa Ana College">Santa Ana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara_City_College" title="Santa Barbara City College">Santa Barbara City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Monica_College" title="Santa Monica College">Santa Monica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa_Junior_College" title="Santa Rosa Junior College">Santa Rosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Canyon_College" title="Santiago Canyon College">Santiago Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Sequoias" title="College of the Sequoias">Sequoias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_College" title="Shasta College">Shasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_College" title="Sierra College">Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Siskiyous" title="College of the Siskiyous">Siskiyous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyline_College" title="Skyline College">Skyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solano_Community_College" title="Solano Community College">Solano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_College_(California)" title="Southwestern College (California)">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft_College" title="Taft College">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventura_College" title="Ventura College">Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Valley_College" title="Victor Valley College">Victor Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Los_Angeles_College" title="West Los Angeles College">West L.A.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Valley_College" title="West Valley College">West Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodland_Community_College" title="Woodland Community College">Woodland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuba_College" title="Yuba College">Yuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Hancock_College" title="Allan Hancock College">Allan Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antelope_Valley_College" title="Antelope Valley College">Antelope Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barstow_Community_College" title="Barstow Community College">Barstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butte_College" title="Butte College">Butte–Glenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrillo_College" title="Cabrillo College">Cabrillo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Online_Community_College_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="California Online Community College District (page does not exist)">California Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerritos_College" title="Cerritos College">Cerritos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chabot%E2%80%93Las_Positas_Community_College_District" title="Chabot–Las Positas Community College District">Chabot–Las Positas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaffey_College" title="Chaffey College">Chaffey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_College" title="Citrus College">Citrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Community_College_District" title="Coast Community College District">Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Camino_College_Compton_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="El Camino College Compton Center">Compton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_Community_College_District" title="Contra Costa Community College District">Contra Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper_Mountain_College" title="Copper Mountain College">Copper Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Desert" title="College of the Desert">Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Camino_College" title="El Camino College">El Camino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feather_River_College" title="Feather River College">Feather River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foothill%E2%80%93De_Anza_Community_College_District" title="Foothill–De Anza Community College District">Foothill–De Anza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavilan_College" title="Gavilan College">Gavilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale_Community_College_(California)" title="Glendale Community College (California)">Glendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grossmont%E2%80%93Cuyamaca_Community_College_District" title="Grossmont–Cuyamaca Community College District">Grossmont–Cuyamaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartnell_College" title="Hartnell College">Hartnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley_College" title="Imperial Valley College">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kern_Community_College_District" title="Kern Community College District">Kern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tahoe_Community_College" title="Lake Tahoe Community College">Lake Tahoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lassen_Community_College" title="Lassen Community College">Lassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach_City_College" title="Long Beach City College">Long Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Community_College_District" title="Los Angeles Community College District">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Rios_Community_College_District" title="Los Rios Community College District">Los Rios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Marin" title="College of Marin">Marin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendocino_College" title="Mendocino College">Mendocino–Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merced_College" title="Merced College">Merced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiraCosta_College" title="MiraCosta College">MiraCosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_Peninsula_College" title="Monterey Peninsula College">Monterey Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mt._San_Antonio_College" title="Mt. San Antonio College">Mt. San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mt._San_Jacinto_College" title="Mt. San Jacinto College">Mt. San Jacinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley_College" title="Napa Valley College">Napa Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Orange_County_Community_College_District" title="North Orange County Community College District">North Orange County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohlone_College" title="Ohlone College">Ohlone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Verde_College" title="Palo Verde College">Palo Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palomar_College" title="Palomar College">Palomar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasadena_City_College" title="Pasadena City College">Pasadena Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peralta_Community_College_District" title="Peralta Community College District">Peralta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_Santiago_Community_College_District" title="Rancho Santiago Community College District">Rancho Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Redwoods" title="College of the Redwoods">Redwoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Hondo_College" title="Rio Hondo College">Rio Hondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_Community_College_District" title="Riverside Community College District">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_Community_College_District" title="San Bernardino Community College District">San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Community_College_District" title="San Diego Community College District">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_San_Francisco" title="City College of San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Delta_College" title="San Joaquin Delta College">San Joaquin Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Jose%E2%80%93Evergreen_Community_College_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Jose–Evergreen Community College District (page does not exist)">San Jose–Evergreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuesta_College" title="Cuesta College">San Luis Obispo County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County_Community_College_District" title="San Mateo County Community College District">San Mateo County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara_City_College" title="Santa Barbara City College">Santa Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Canyons" title="College of the Canyons">Santa Clarita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Monica_College" title="Santa Monica College">Santa Monica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Sequoias" title="College of the Sequoias">Sequoias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_College" title="Shasta College">Shasta–Tehama–Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_College" title="Sierra College">Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Siskiyous" title="College of the Siskiyous">Siskiyous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solano_Community_College" title="Solano Community College">Solano County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa_Junior_College" title="Santa Rosa Junior College">Sonoma County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Orange_County_Community_College_District" title="South Orange County Community College District">South Orange County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_College_(California)" title="Southwestern College (California)">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Center_Community_College_District" title="State Center Community College District">State Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventura_County_Community_College_District" title="Ventura County Community College District">Ventura County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Valley_College" title="Victor Valley College">Victor Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Hills_Community_College_District" title="West Hills Community College District">West Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft_College" title="Taft College">West Kern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Valley%E2%80%93Mission_Community_College_District" class="mw-redirect" title="West Valley–Mission Community College District">West Valley–Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yosemite_Community_College_District" title="Yosemite Community College District">Yosemite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuba_Community_College_District" title="Yuba Community College District">Yuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Athletics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Community_College_Athletic_Association" title="California Community College Athletic Association">California Community College Athletic Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Executive_state_agencies,_departments_and_other_entities_of_the_State_of_California" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:California_state_agencies" title="Template:California state agencies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:California_state_agencies" title="Template talk:California state agencies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:California_state_agencies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:California state agencies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Executive_state_agencies,_departments_and_other_entities_of_the_State_of_California" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Executive <a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_agencies" title="List of California state agencies">state agencies</a>, departments and other entities of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_California" title="Government of California">State of California</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cabinet-level superagencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Business,_Consumer_Services_and_Housing_Agency" title="California Business, Consumer Services and Housing Agency">Business, Consumer Services and Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Government_Operations_Agency" title="California Government Operations Agency">Government Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="California Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Health_and_Human_Services_Agency" title="California Health and Human Services Agency">Health and Human Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Labor_and_Workforce_Development_Agency" title="California Labor and Workforce Development Agency">Labor and Workforce Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Natural_Resources_Agency" title="California Natural Resources Agency">Natural Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Transportation_Agency" title="California State Transportation Agency">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Great_Seal_of_the_State_of_California_Colored.svg/100px-Great_Seal_of_the_State_of_California_Colored.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Great_Seal_of_the_State_of_California_Colored.svg/150px-Great_Seal_of_the_State_of_California_Colored.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Great_Seal_of_the_State_of_California_Colored.svg/200px-Great_Seal_of_the_State_of_California_Colored.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1430" data-file-height="1430" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cabinet-level departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Corrections_and_Rehabilitation" title="California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation">Corrections and Rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Education" title="California Department of Education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Finance" title="California Department of Finance">Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Food_and_Agriculture" title="California Department of Food and Agriculture">Food and Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Insurance" title="California Department of Insurance">Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Justice" title="California Department of Justice">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Military_Department" title="California Military Department">Military</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cabinet-level offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Governor%27s_Office_of_Emergency_Services" title="California Governor's Office of Emergency Services">Governor's Office of Emergency Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor%27s_Office_of_Planning_and_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor's Office of Planning and Research">Governor's Office of Planning and Research</a></li> <li>Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California_Business,_Consumer_Services_and_Housing_Agency" title="California Business, Consumer Services and Housing Agency">BCSH</a> departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Consumer_Affairs" title="California Department of Consumer Affairs">Consumer Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Board_of_Accountancy" title="California Board of Accountancy">Board of Accountancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Bureau_of_Automotive_Repair" title="California Bureau of Automotive Repair">Bureau of Automotive Repair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Bureau_for_Private_Postsecondary_Education" title="California Bureau for Private Postsecondary Education">Bureau for Private Postsecondary Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Bureau_of_Real_Estate_Appraisers" title="California Bureau of Real Estate Appraisers">Bureau of Real Estate Appraisers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Contractors_State_License_Board" title="California Contractors State License Board">Contractors State License Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Board_of_California" title="Medical Board of California">Medical Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Fair_Employment_and_Housing" class="mw-redirect" title="California Department of Fair Employment and Housing">Fair Employment and Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Housing_and_Community_Development" title="California Department of Housing and Community Development">Housing and Community Development</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Housing_Finance_Agency" title="California Housing Finance Agency">Housing Finance Agency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Business_Oversight" class="mw-redirect" title="California Department of Business Oversight">Business Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Real_Estate" title="California Department of Real Estate">Real Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Alcoholic_Beverage_Control" title="California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control">Alcoholic Beverage Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Alcoholic_Beverage_Control_Appeals_Board" title="California Alcoholic Beverage Control Appeals Board">Alcoholic Beverage Control Appeals Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Horse_Racing_Board" title="California Horse Racing Board">Horse Racing Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California_Government_Operations_Agency" title="California Government Operations Agency">GOA</a> departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CalPERS" title="CalPERS">CalPERS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CalSTRS" title="CalSTRS">CalSTRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franchise_Tax_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Franchise Tax Board">Franchise Tax Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_FI$CAL" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of FI$CAL">FI$CAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_General_Services" title="California Department of General Services">General Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Human_Resources" title="California Department of Human Resources">Human Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Personnel_Board" title="California State Personnel Board">State Personnel Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Tax_and_Fee_Administration" title="California Department of Tax and Fee Administration">Tax and Fee Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Technology" title="California Department of Technology">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Office_of_Administrative_Law" title="California Office of Administrative Law">Office of Administrative Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Complete_Count_Committee" title="California Complete Count Committee">Complete Count Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Victim_Compensation_Board" title="California Victim Compensation Board">Victim Compensation Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="California Environmental Protection Agency">CalEPA</a> departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Air_Resources_Board" title="California Air Resources Board">Air Resources Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Pesticide_Regulation" title="California Department of Pesticide Regulation">Pesticide Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Resources_Recycling_and_Recovery" title="California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery">CalRecycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Toxic_Substances_Control" title="California Department of Toxic Substances Control">Toxic Substances Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Office_of_Environmental_Health_Hazard_Assessment" title="California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment">Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Water_Resources_Control_Board" title="California State Water Resources Control Board">State Water Resources Control Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California_Health_and_Human_Services_Agency" title="California Health and Human Services Agency">HHS</a> departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Aging" title="California Department of Aging">Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Department_of_Child_Support_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="California Department of Child Support Services (page does not exist)">Child Support Services</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Department_of_Community_Services_and_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="California Department of Community Services and Development (page does not exist)">Community Services and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Developmental_Services" title="California Department of Developmental Services">Developmental Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Emergency_Medical_Services_Authority" title="California Emergency Medical Services Authority">Medical Services Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Health_Care_Services" title="California Department of Health Care Services">Health Care Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Managed_Health_Care" title="California Department of Managed Health Care">Managed Health Care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Managed_Risk_Medical_Insurance_Board" title="California Managed Risk Medical Insurance Board">Managed Risk Medical Insurance Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Public_Health" title="California Department of Public Health">Public Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Rehabilitation" title="California Department of Rehabilitation">Rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Social_Services" title="California Department of Social Services">Social Services</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=California_Department_of_State_Hospitals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="California Department of State Hospitals (page does not exist)">State Hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_Statewide_Health_Planning_and_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (page does not exist)">Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_Health_Information_Integrity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of Health Information Integrity (page does not exist)">Office of Health Information Integrity</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_Law_Enforcement_Support&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of Law Enforcement Support (page does not exist)">Office of Law Enforcement Support</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_the_Patient_Advocate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of the Patient Advocate (page does not exist)">Office of the Patient Advocate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California_Labor_and_Workforce_Development_Agency" title="California Labor and Workforce Development Agency">LWDA</a> departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Industrial_Relations" title="California Department of 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href="/w/index.php?title=Employment_Training_Panel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Employment Training Panel (page does not exist)">Employment Training Panel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California_Natural_Resources_Agency" title="California Natural Resources Agency">CNRA</a> departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Conservation" title="California Department of Conservation">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Conservation_Corps" title="California Conservation Corps">Conservation Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Fish_and_Wildlife" title="California Department of Fish and Wildlife">Fish and Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Forestry_and_Fire_Protection" title="California Department of 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Bay Conservation and Development Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Board_of_California" title="Colorado River Board of California">Colorado River Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California_State_Transportation_Agency" title="California State Transportation Agency">CalSTA</a> departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Motor_Vehicles" title="California Department of Motor Vehicles">Motor Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Transportation" title="California Department of Transportation">Caltrans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Highway_Patrol" title="California Highway Patrol">Highway Patrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Board_of_Pilot_Commissioners" title="California Board of Pilot Commissioners">Board of Pilot Commissioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Transportation_Commission" title="California Transportation Commission">Transportation Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_High-Speed_Rail_Authority" title="California High-Speed Rail Authority">High-Speed Rail Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_New_Motor_Vehicle_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="California New Motor Vehicle Board">New Motor Vehicle Board</a></li> <li>Office of Traffic Safety</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">University of California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UC_Board_of_Regents" class="mw-redirect" title="UC Board of Regents">Board of Regents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_University" title="California State University">California State University</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">California Community Colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="California Public Utilities Commission">Public Utilities Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Auditor" title="California State Auditor">State Auditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Fair_Political_Practices_Commission" title="California Fair Political Practices Commission">Fair Political Practices Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Hoover_Commission" title="Little Hoover Commission">Little Hoover Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2460112#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2460112#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2460112#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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