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mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Віктар Паўлавіч Качубей – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Віктар Паўлавіч Качубей" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiktor_Pawlowitsch_Kotschubei" title="Wiktor Pawlowitsch Kotschubei – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wiktor Pawlowitsch Kotschubei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Kotchoube%C3%AF" title="Viktor Kotchoubeï – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Viktor Kotchoubeï" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Pavlovi%C4%8D_Ko%C4%8Dubej" title="Viktor Pavlovič Kočubej – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Viktor Pavlovič Kočubej" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A6%27%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%99" title="ויקטור קוצ'וביי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויקטור קוצ'וביי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%89" title="فيكتور كوتشوبى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيكتور كوتشوبى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%99%E3%82%A4" title="ヴィクトル・コチュベイ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴィクトル・コチュベイ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Kotsjubej" title="Viktor Kotsjubej – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Viktor Kotsjubej" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiktor_Koczubej" title="Wiktor Koczubej – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wiktor Koczubej" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9,_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Кочубей, Виктор Павлович – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кочубей, Виктор Павлович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Кочубей Віктор Павлович – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кочубей Віктор Павлович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Russian statesman and close aide of Alexander I of Russia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Viktor+Kochubey%22">"Viktor Kochubey"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Viktor+Kochubey%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Viktor+Kochubey%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Viktor+Kochubey%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Viktor+Kochubey%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Viktor+Kochubey%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Prince Viktor Pavlovich Kochubey</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kochubey_Viktor_by_Kr%C3%BCger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kochubey_Viktor_by_Kr%C3%BCger.jpg/220px-Kochubey_Viktor_by_Kr%C3%BCger.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kochubey_Viktor_by_Kr%C3%BCger.jpg/330px-Kochubey_Viktor_by_Kr%C3%BCger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kochubey_Viktor_by_Kr%C3%BCger.jpg/440px-Kochubey_Viktor_by_Kr%C3%BCger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="839" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait by <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kr%C3%BCger" title="Franz Krüger">Franz Krüger</a>, 1832</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/37px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg" decoding="async" width="37" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/56px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/74px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="354" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(Russia)" title="Chancellor (Russia)">10th Chancellor of the Russian Empire</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />4 May – 15 June 1834</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia" title="Nicholas I of Russia">Nicholas I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Rumyantsev" title="Nikolay Rumyantsev">Nikolay Rumyantsev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Nesselrode" title="Karl Nesselrode">Karl Nesselrode</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/37px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg" decoding="async" width="37" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/56px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/74px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="354" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Russia#Committee_of_Ministers_(1802–1905)" title="List of heads of government of Russia">4th Chairman of the Committee of Ministers</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 May 1827 – 15 June 1834</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia" title="Nicholas I of Russia">Nicholas I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Lopukhin" title="Pyotr Lopukhin">Pyotr Lopukhin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Novosiltsev" title="Nikolay Novosiltsev">Nikolay Novosiltsev</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/37px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg" decoding="async" width="37" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/56px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg/74px-Russian_COA_1825%E2%80%9455_A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="354" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairmen_of_the_State_Council_of_Imperial_Russia" title="List of chairmen of the State Council of Imperial Russia">4th Chairman</a> of the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_(Russian_Empire)" title="State Council (Russian Empire)">State Council of the Russian Empire</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 May 1827 – 15 June 1834</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia" title="Nicholas I of Russia">Nicholas I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Russia#Committee_of_Ministers_(1802–1905)" title="List of heads of government of Russia">Chairman of the Committee of Ministers</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Himself</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Lopukhin" title="Pyotr Lopukhin">Pyotr Lopukhin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Novosiltsev" title="Nikolay Novosiltsev">Nikolay Novosiltsev</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg/37px-Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg" decoding="async" width="37" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg/56px-Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg/74px-Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1392" data-file-height="1971" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_interior_ministers_of_Russia" title="List of interior ministers of Russia">1st and 5th Minister of Interior</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />20 September 1802 – 6 December 1807</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Russia#Committee_of_Ministers_(1802–1905)" title="List of heads of government of Russia">Chairman of the Committee of Ministers</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Vacant</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Ministry established</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Kurakin" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksei Kurakin">Aleksei Kurakin</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />16 November 1819 – 11 July 1823</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Russia#Committee_of_Ministers_(1802–1905)" title="List of heads of government of Russia">Chairman of the Committee of Ministers</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Lopukhin" title="Pyotr Lopukhin">Pyotr Lopukhin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nikolaevich_Golitsyn" title="Alexander Nikolaevich Golitsyn">Alexander Golitsyn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Balthasar_von_Campenhausen" title="Balthasar von Campenhausen">Balthasar von Campenhausen</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg/37px-Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg" decoding="async" width="37" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg/56px-Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg/74px-Russian_Empire-Full_coat_of_arms.3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1392" data-file-height="1971" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_foreign_ministers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Russian foreign ministers">11th President</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Collegium_of_Foreign_Affairs" title="Collegium of Foreign Affairs">Collegium of Foreign Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />12 October 1801 – 20 September 1802</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Russia#Committee_of_Ministers_(1802–1905)" title="List of heads of government of Russia">Chairman of the Committee of Ministers</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Vacant</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Panin" title="Nikita Panin">Nikita Panin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Vorontsov" title="Alexander Vorontsov">Alexander Vorontsov</a> (as Minister of Foreign Affairs)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Viktor Pavlovich Kochubey<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1768-11-22</span>)</span>November 22, 1768<br /><a href="/wiki/Dykanka" title="Dykanka">Dykanka</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">June 15, 1834<span style="display:none">(1834-06-15)</span> (aged 65)<br /><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Lazarevskoe_Cemetery" title="Lazarevskoe Cemetery">Lazarevskoe Cemetery</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Russian</th><td class="infobox-data">Виктор Кочубей</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="notpageimage infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kochubey_signature.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Viktor Kochubey's signature"><img alt="Viktor Kochubey's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kochubey_signature.jpg/125px-Kochubey_signature.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kochubey_signature.jpg/188px-Kochubey_signature.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Kochubey_signature.jpg/250px-Kochubey_signature.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="186" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Prince Viktor Pavlovich Kochubey</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Князь Ви́ктор Па́влович Кочубе́й</span>); (22 November [<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 11 November] 1768 – 15 June [<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 3 June] 1834) was a Russian statesman and close aide of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a>. Of <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainian</a> origin, he was a great-grandson of <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Kochubey" title="Vasily Kochubey">Vasily Kochubey</a>. He took part in the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Committee">Privy Committee</a> that outlined <a href="/wiki/Government_reform_of_Alexander_I" title="Government reform of Alexander I">Government reform of Alexander I</a>. He served in London and Paris embassies as counsel, then as Ambassador to Turkey. In 1798 he was appointed to the board of College of Foreign Affairs and was made Count next year, but then <a href="/wiki/Paul_I_of_Russia" title="Paul I of Russia">Paul I of Russia</a> exiled him. At the start of the reign of Alexander I, he joined the liberal Privy Committee that outlined <a href="/wiki/Government_reform_of_Alexander_I" title="Government reform of Alexander I">Government reform of Alexander I</a>. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1801–1802 and also Minister of the Interior until 1812, then in 1819–1825. Since 1827 he was the President of the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_Imperial_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="State Council of Imperial Russia">State Council</a> and Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Ministers" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee of Ministers">Committee of Ministers</a>. In 1834, he was granted the rank of <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Russian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellor of the Russian Empire">Chancellor of the Russian Empire</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Kochubey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Kochubey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kochubey was born in <a href="/wiki/Poltava_Oblast" title="Poltava Oblast">Poltava province</a>, in the ancestral homestead of <a href="/wiki/Dykanka" title="Dykanka">Dykanka</a>, in the family of Pavel Kochubey (1738–1786) and Ulyana Andreevna Bezborodko (1742–1777). The great-grandson of the general scribe <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Kochubey" title="Vasily Kochubey">Vasily Kochubey</a>, who was executed in 1708 on charges of denunciation of <a href="/wiki/Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">myrmidon</a> in the pursuit of treason.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Pavel Kochubey, who headed the Poltava court, gave his sons the ancient names of Apollo and Victor. Their childless uncle <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bezborodko" title="Alexander Bezborodko">Alexander Bezborodko</a>, who was actually in charge of Russia's foreign policy at the time, took care of their upbringing and education. In 1775 he invited his nephews to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Viktor studied at the private boarding House de Villeneuve, at the same time in 1776 was recorded for service in the Preobrazhensky Lab-Guard regiment. Bezborodko destined for his nephew's diplomatic career. To finish his education, he was sent to <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, where he was under the supervision of Italinsky.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1784, Kochubey briefly served as an adjutant of <a href="/wiki/Grigory_Potemkin" title="Grigory Potemkin">Potyomkin</a>. In the same year, he began his diplomatic career in the Russian mission in Sweden. He found time to attend lectures at <a href="/wiki/Uppsala_Universitet" class="mw-redirect" title="Uppsala Universitet">Uppsala Universitet</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In September 1786 he received the court title of chamber-junker and was a member of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_the_Great" title="Catherine the Great">Catherine II's</a> entourage during her trip to <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Kochubey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1788 he was assigned to a mission in London under the direction of Count Vorontsov. Having been allowed to travel to Europe to continue his education, he visited Switzerland, Holland and France.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In early 1791, against the will of Bezborodko, he made a trip to Paris, where he listened to lectures by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_de_La_Harpe" title="Jean-François de La Harpe">Jean-Francois de La Harpe</a> and watched the events of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">revolution</a>. In the same year he participated in the signing of the Yas peace. In 1792 he became close to the Great Prince <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander Pavlovich</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>From October 11, 1792, to 1797, he was an extraordinary envoy to <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The accession to the throne of <a href="/wiki/Paul_I_of_Russia" title="Paul I of Russia">Paul I</a> did not entail the disgrace of Bezborodko (as happened with the majority of people who used the location of the late Empress) and therefore, in October 1798, his protege and nephew became vice-chancellor and vice-president of the College of Foreign Affairs. At the age of thirty he was made into active secret advisers, and on April 4, 1799 he was elevated to the counties dignity of the Russian Empire.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As a diplomat, Kochubey held on to a 'national system based on Russia's good,' wanted 'all powers to cherish its friendship' and fear territorial increments. He was a supporter of strengthening relations with the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In September 1799, immediately after the death of his uncle, Kochubey became disunity and he was exiled to the village: the emperor wanted to marry himself in favor to <a href="/wiki/Anna_Lopukhina" title="Anna Lopukhina">Anna Lopukhina</a>, but married Maria Vasilchikova<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> instead. </p><p>In the spring of 1800 he went abroad, but after receiving the news of the death of Paul I in <a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a>, he returned to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a> in April 1801.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Upon his accession to the throne, Alexander I was appointed as president of the College of Foreign Affairs and a senator in June 1801. Much more important was the fact he became one of the closest advisers to the emperor and joined the Unspoken Committee, designed to prepare the transformation of the state system of Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 12, 1801, Count Kochubey was appointed a member of the Essential Council, and on September 8, 1802, he became the first <a href="/wiki/Interior_minister" title="Interior minister">Minister of the Interior</a> of Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When discussing the peasant issue, he opposed the liberation of peasants without land and the practice of transferring them to the yard; the same position was defended in the Committee on the Arrangement of The Aesthetic and Lifland Peasants, of which Kochubei had been chairman since 1803. In the area of political transformation, Kochubey advocated the separation of powers while maintaining the inviolability of <a href="/wiki/Autocracy" title="Autocracy">autocracy</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the early 19th century, the Ministry of the Interior was responsible for economic and transport issues. Kochubey focused on the development of the newly annexed southern lands and spared no expense for the development of <a href="/wiki/Novorossiya" title="Novorossiya">Novorossiya</a>, especially <a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a>. He presented a report on the shortcomings of the southern lands of Russia to the previous emperor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Kochubey was one of the first to notice <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Speransky" title="Mikhail Speransky">Speransky's</a> talent and brought him to his service. In 1806, during his illness, Kochubey sent Speransky instead of himself with a report to the emperor. This acquaintance was important for the history of Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moreover, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I</a> accumulated disagreements with 'young friends.' Anglophile Kochubey considered the conclusion of the <a href="/wiki/Sovetsk,_Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast">Tilsit</a> world the collapse of all Russian foreign policy, desisting the bloody wars of the previous years, and several times asked the emperor to resign. But only his fourth request was granted, on November 24, 1807.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Upon his dismissal from his post as Minister, Kochubey sent 'circular letters to all the governors in which, breaking up with them, he thanked him for his hasty duties with their active work', and left as a private citizen to Paris, where he met with the Minister of Police, Fouche, and other figures of the First Empire.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1810_War">1810 War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Kochubey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1810 War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After returning from vacation, in 1810 Kochubey joined the Council of State. In early 1812 he was appointed Chairman of the Department of Laws of the Council of State. Supported Speransky's proposal for financial reform and the <a href="/wiki/Senate" title="Senate">Senate</a>. He maintained a good relationship with him, even when the reformer was disgraced.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">Patriotic War</a> and the Overseas Campaign was under the emperor. He facilitated Kutuzov's appointment as commander-in-chief. In 1813 he headed the Central Council for the Management of German Lands. He was offered the position of ambassador to England, which he refused because he did not want to leave Russia at such a difficult time (liked to repeat that a long stay outside the fatherland was against his rules).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Filed to the Emperor 'Note of Gr. V. Kochubey on the state of the empire and measures to end the unrest and introduce a better arrangement in the various industries, the government constituents,' in which Kochubey proposed to merge the Ministry of Police with the Ministry of the Interior, as well as to create the Ministry of Spiritual Affairs and Public Education, prompted Alexander to appoint him in 1816 as chairman of the Department of Civil and Spiritual Affairs of the State Council (until 1819).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>From 1817 to 1818 Count Viktor Kochubey lived in Paris.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>He was second appointed Minister of the Interior on November 4, 1819. On August 30, 1821, he received a St. Andrew's star. In the same year, the emperor ordered to move to the semicircular square in front of his tsarist palace cast-iron gates with the inscription <i>A mes chers compagnons d'armes</i> ('To my beloved colleagues')<i>.</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1819, Kochubey purchased a plot on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Fontanka" title="Fontanka">Fontanka</a> from Prince <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lobanov-Rostovsky" title="House of Lobanov-Rostovsky">Lobanov-Rostovsky</a> and ordered the architect Montferran to build a mansion for his family. At the entrances and amateur performances in this house, there was the best of society. At the Carnival of 1827, M. I. Glinka sang here the women's part of <a href="/wiki/Don_Giovanni" title="Don Giovanni">Don Giovanni</a>. The Kochubey balls became a proverb; they attracted the entire high aristocracy, as well as the imperial family.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On July 28 (August 9) 1821, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Emperor Alexander I</a> was established by the Siberian Committee and V. P. Kochubey became its first chairman.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the four years in which Kochubey was running the ministry, the Department of Commerce and Manufacturers, to whom he was most interested, was removed from its membership, then the management of the communications routes was removed. Meanwhile, Kochubey was not happy about joining the functions of the former police ministry, as he was not involved in the investigation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Having surrendered the ministry's management on February 25, 1823 (officially removed from office on June 28, 1823), Kochubey turned his attention to his youngest daughter's illness. After hearing the advice of doctors, the dignitary decided to take her not to foreign waters, but to the south of Russia, to <a href="/wiki/Feodosia" title="Feodosia">Theodosia</a>, which was then a wonder. With the onset of spring from St. Petersburg, he set off on the way with water, canals, then on the Volga descended to <a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Tsaritsyn</a>, from there he reached the Don on horseback and then again with water to Crimea; he spent the winter in Odessa.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chancellor_of_Russia_and_Death">Chancellor of Russia and Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Kochubey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chancellor of Russia and Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Kochubey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Vassiltchikov&oldid=1064017356">"Marie Vassiltchikov"</a>, <i>Wikipedia</i>, 2022-01-06<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-25</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft.atitle=Marie+Vassiltchikov&rft.date=2022-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DMarie_Vassiltchikov%26oldid%3D1064017356&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AViktor+Kochubey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Акимов В. В.</i> М. М. Сперанский как политический и государственный деятель. — М., 2004. — С. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kochubey was one of the first to propose to replace the Petrove colleges with special bureaus, but came across resistance from the emperor, who reasoned that 'you can't destroy all the ancient forms at once.'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russia&oldid=1073903360">"Russia"</a>, <i>Wikipedia</i>, 2022-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-25</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft.atitle=Russia&rft.date=2022-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DRussia%26oldid%3D1073903360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AViktor+Kochubey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bezborodko" title="Alexander Bezborodko">Alexander Andreyevich Bezborodko</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Chancellor_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Chancellor of Russia">Imperial Chancellor of Russia</a> (acting) </b><br />1799 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Petrovich_Panin" title="Nikita Petrovich Panin">Nikita Petrovich Panin</a> (acting)</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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Mikhailovich Viskovatyi">Ivan Viskovatyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_and_Andrey_Shchelkalov" title="Vasily and Andrey Shchelkalov">Vasily and Andrey Shchelkalov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Gramotin" title="Ivan Gramotin">Ivan Gramotin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyotr_Tretyakov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyotr Tretyakov (page does not exist)">Pyotr Tretyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almaz_Ivanov" title="Almaz Ivanov">Almaz Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afanasy_Ordin-Nashchokin" title="Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin">Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artamon_Matveyev" title="Artamon Matveyev">Artamon Matveyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larion_Ivanov" title="Larion Ivanov">Larion Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Golitsyn_(born_1643)" title="Vasily Golitsyn (born 1643)">Vasily Golitsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemelyan_Ukraintsev" title="Yemelyan Ukraintsev">Yemelyan Ukraintsev</a></li> <li><a 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Vorontsov">Mikhailo Vorontsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Panin" title="Nikita Panin">Nikita Ivanovich Panin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Osterman" title="Ivan Osterman">Ivan Osterman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bezborodko" title="Alexander Bezborodko">Alexander Bezborodko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Rostopchin" title="Fyodor Rostopchin">Fyodor Rostopchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Petrovich_Panin" title="Nikita Petrovich Panin">Nikita Petrovich Panin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Viktor Kochubey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Vorontsov" title="Alexander Vorontsov">Alexander Vorontsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Jerzy_Czartoryski" title="Adam Jerzy Czartoryski">Adam Jerzy Czartoryski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Eberhard_von_Budberg" title="Andreas Eberhard von Budberg">Andreas Eberhard von Budberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Rumyantsev" title="Nikolay Rumyantsev">Nikolay Rumyantsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Kapodistrias" title="Ioannis Kapodistrias">Ioannis Kapodistrias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Nesselrode" title="Karl Nesselrode">Karl Robert Nesselrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gorchakov" title="Alexander Gorchakov">Alexander Gorchakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Girs" title="Nikolay Girs">Nikolay Girs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Lobanov-Rostovsky" title="Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky">Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolay_Shishkin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolay Shishkin (page does not exist)">Nikolay Shishkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Nikolayevich_Muravyov" title="Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov">Mikhail Muravyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lamsdorf" title="Vladimir Lamsdorf">Vladimir Lamsdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Izvolsky" title="Alexander Izvolsky">Alexander Izvolsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Sazonov" title="Sergey Sazonov">Sergey Sazonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Shturmer" title="Boris Shturmer">Boris Shturmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Pokrovsky" title="Nikolai Pokrovsky">Nikolai Pokrovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Provisional_Government" title="Russian Provisional Government">Provisional Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Milyukov" title="Pavel Milyukov">Pavel Milyukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Tereshchenko" title="Mikhail Tereshchenko">Mikhail Tereshchenko</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Soviet Russia</a> and<br />the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Leon Trotsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Chicherin" title="Georgy Chicherin">Georgy Chicherin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Litvinov" title="Maxim Litvinov">Maxim Litvinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Molotov" title="Vyacheslav Molotov">Vyacheslav Molotov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Vyshinsky" title="Andrey Vyshinsky">Andrey Vyshinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Shepilov" title="Dmitri Shepilov">Dmitri Shepilov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Gromyko" title="Andrei Gromyko">Andrei Gromyko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Shevardnadze" title="Eduard Shevardnadze">Eduard Shevardnadze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bessmertnykh_(politician)" title="Alexander Bessmertnykh (politician)">Aleksandr Bessmertnykh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boris_Pankin" title="Boris Pankin">Boris Pankin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Shevardnadze" title="Eduard Shevardnadze">Eduard Shevardnadze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian Federation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Kozyrev" title="Andrei Kozyrev">Andrei Kozyrev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Primakov" title="Yevgeny Primakov">Yevgeny Primakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Ivanov" title="Igor Ivanov">Igor Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350278#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350278#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350278#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000001067777X">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000020134373">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/3219530">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/77096175">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/121284322">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjD9dVKMVHrmmkyMT3VWtC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kočubej, Viktor Pavlovič"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/101994076X">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2010088623">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kočubej, Viktor Pavlovič"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=js2010597633&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810548815005606">Poland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd101994076X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/160169356">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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