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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Cambeos recién</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Aleatoria" title="Carga una páxina al debalu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Páxina al debalu</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="El llugar pa deprender"><span>Ayuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="La Enciclopedia Llibre" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ast.svg" width="119" height="13" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Gueta" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Busca en Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Buscar</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Buscar en Wikipedia" aria-label="Buscar en Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Busca en Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Gueta"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Guetar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ferramientes personales"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apariencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apariencia" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apariencia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=ast" class=""><span>Donativos</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_una_cuenta&returnto=Morfema&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26section%3D1" title="Encamentámoste que crees una cuenta y qu'anicies sesión; sicasí, nun ye obligatorio" class=""><span>Crear una cuenta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Entrar&returnto=Morfema&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26section%3D1" title="T'encamentamos que t'identifiques, anque nun ye obligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Entrar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Más opciones" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramientes personales" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramientes personales</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú de usuario" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=ast"><span>Donativos</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_una_cuenta&returnto=Morfema&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26section%3D1" title="Encamentámoste que crees una cuenta y qu'anicies sesión; sicasí, nun ye obligatorio"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear una cuenta</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Entrar&returnto=Morfema&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26section%3D1" title="T'encamentamos que t'identifiques, anque nun ye obligatorio [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Entrar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páginas para editores desconectados <a href="/wiki/Ayuda:Introducci%C3%B3n" aria-label="Obtenga más información sobre editar"><span>más información</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:MisContribuciones" title="Una llista d'ediciones feches dende esta dirección IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribuciones</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:MiDiscusi%C3%B3n" title="Alderique de les ediciones feches con esta direición IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Alderique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Ver la fonte de Morfema</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Este artículo existe sólo en este idioma. Añade el artículo para otros idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Añader llingües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacios de nome"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Morfema" title="Ver la páxina de conteníu [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Páxina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alderique:Morfema&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Alderique tocante al conteníu de la páxina (la páxina nun esiste) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Alderique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar variante de idioma" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">asturianu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Morfema"><span>Lleer</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morfema&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta páxina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="selected collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morfema&action=edit" title="Editar el códigu fonte d'esta páxina"><span>Editar la fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morfema&action=history" title="Versiones antigües d'esta páxina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramientes de páxina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramientes" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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También puede enviar un correo electrónico a la cola <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> de <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> a <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> incluyendo todos los detalles anteriores.</div></div><hr /> <p>Pues ver y copiar la fonte d'esta páxina. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="ast" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">== Clasificación == [[Ficheru:FlexiónGato.png|thumb|125px|Construcción de pallabres con dos tipos de monemas, el lexema "gat-" y los sos morfemes flexivos.]] Acordies con el grau d'anexón a la pallabra, los morfemes puen estremase en: * '''Morfemes independientes:''' son [[clíticu|clíticos]], qu'almiten cierta independencia fonolóxica del lexema. Esti tipu de morfemes dexen l'insertamientu ente él y el lexema d'otros morfemes y pallabres, nun provoquen ciertos cambeos fonéticos, evidenciando la presencia d'una barrera pa dichos cambeos, etc. N'español, estos morfemes independientes o clíticos tán formaos por elementos como los [[determinante (llingüística)|determinantes]], les [[preposición|preposiciones]] y les [[conxunción (gramática)|conxunciones]]. El pronome personal "se" ye un claru exemplu de morfema clíticu, tocantes a la independencia fonética: el casu {vay-} {-a-} {se} / {vay-} {-a-} {-n-} {se}, amuesa claramente l'insertamientu del morfema de número antes del clíticu. * '''Morfemes dependientes o amestaos:''' son xuníos o fundíos a otru monema pa completar el so significáu. En ciertos casos provoquen cambeos d'acentu, cambeos fonéticos nos fonemes axacentes y solo puen apaecer nun orde secuencial concretu, nun dexando la interposición de ciertos elementos ente ellos y el raigañu o morfema axacente. Hai dos tipos: ** '''[[Derivación (llingüística)|Derivativos]]''', son facultativos. Añaden matices al significáu del lexema. Estos matices y significaos derivaos son sistemáticamente relacionables a partir del significáu del [[lexema]] si compara'l mesmu morfema actuando en distintos [[campu semántico|campos semánticos]]. Xeneralmente estos morfemes tán más cerca del raigañu que los morfemes flexivos. ** '''[[Flexón (llingüística)|Flexivos]]''', son constitutivos. Marquen rellaciones gramaticales y accidentes gramaticales ente los distintos participantes d'una aición verbal o espresión nominal. Nun porten un cambéu de significáu referencial básicu, y xeneralmente interpónense ente ellos y el lexema básicu otros morfemes de tipu derivativu. N'español, por casu, esti tipu de morfemes son los encargaos de marcar nel nome y l'axetivu el [[Xéneru gramatical|xéneru]] y [[númberu gramatical|númberu]] y nel [[verbu]] indiquen [[tiempu gramatical]], manera, persona, númberu, etc. === Morfemes derivativos y flexivos === Los morfemes derivativos n'español puen clasificase amás en: * [[Prefixu|Prefixos]]. Camuden el significáu de la pallabra anteponiéndose al lexema y de cutiu tienen orixe [[Idioma griegu|griegu]] o [[Llatín|llatín]] * [[Sufixu|Sufixos]]. Camuden el significáu de la pallabra retardándose al lexema. * [[Interfijos]]. Son elementos átonos ensin conteníu semántico (escarecen de función gramatical y significativa). Sirven pa xunir el lexema y el sufixu de dellos derivaos de forma que nun quede con malformaciones. Los interfijos per otra parte son allargamientos qu'en sí mesmu nun pueden considerase morfemes con significáu gramatical yá que puede argumentase que tol significáu recái nos afixos a los qu'allarga. Podemos atopar dos tipos de interfijos: * De calter ''antihiático'': pa evitar la formación d'hiatos. Exemplu: Cafe'''c'''ito pa evitar la formación d'un hiatu en cafeito. * De calter ''diferencial'': pa estremar ente dos pallabres de significáu distintu. Exemplu: carn'''ic'''ero (persona) pa estremalo de carneru (animal). Nun tien de confundir se un interfijo con un infixu. Munchos interfijos (los antihiáticos, por casu) nun apurren nengún cambéu de significáu gramatical o referencial, ente que los infixos siempres lu faen (al igual que los prefixos y sufixos). === Exemplos === '''Panadería'''<br /> ''Pan- Lexema.<br />'' ''-ad- Morfema dependiente derivativu [[interfijo]].<br />'' ''-ería Morfema dependiente derivativu sufixu.'' ---- '''''Libr-''''' Lexema, pue amestar morfemes como:<br /> ''-o-s'' Morfemes dependientes flexivos de masculín y plural.<br /> ''-eta'' Morfema dependiente derivativu sufixu.<br /> ''-ería'' Morfema dependiente derivativu sufixu.<br /> ''-ito'' Morfema dependiente derivativu sufixu.<br /> ''-eto'' Morfema dependiente derivativu sufixu.<br /> ---- Gatu Gat lexema o morfema. ---- '''Avioneta''': Avio - Lexema Neta - Morfema Nel vocablu ''lleones'', el monema ''lleón'' trai'l significáu y ye llamáu [[lexema]], ente que los monemas ''-a'' y ''-s'' son llamaos '''morfemes dependientes de xéneru femenín''' y '''morfemes dependientes de númberu plural''', respeutivamente, y nun signifiquen nada sinón n'unión del lexema al qu'acompañen. Nel vocablu ''alleonáu'', el morfema ''a-'' ye un prefixu que sí trai un significáu. === Morfemes llibres, amestaos y clíticos === Ye'l morfema llibre que pue apaecer como una pallabra independiente [como los exemplos en (1a)]. Otros morfemes son amestaos y precisen tar amestaos obligatoriamente a otros morfemes [como los morfemes marcaos en (1b)]: :(1a) ''reló, árbol, paré'' :(1b) ''reló'''ero''', arbol'''eda''', '''em'''paré'''ado''''' Ente estos dos tipos tán los [[clíticu|clíticos]] que son morfemes que magar dependen sintácticamente y fonolóxicamente d'otros morfemes almiten la interposición ente ellos. Ente estos morfemes tán por casu los artículos y les preposiciones: :(2a) '''''el''' perru lladra'' / '''''el''' meyor perru lladra'' / ''*'''el''''' Ø ''lladra'' :(2b) ''toi '''en''' casa'' / ''toi '''en''' la mio casa'' / ''toi '''en''''' </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Volver a <a href="/wiki/Morfema" title="Morfema">Morfema</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Sacáu de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morfema">https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morfema</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/es">Política d'intimidá</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tocante_a">Tocante a Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avisu_xeneral">Avisu llegal</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Códigu de conducta</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Desendolcadores</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ast.wikipedia.org">Estadístiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement/es">Declaración de cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ast.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Morfema&action=edit&section=1&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Vista pa móvil</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ktpz4","wgBackendResponseTime":190,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.005","walltime":"0.007","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":806,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ktpz4","timestamp":"20241124150842","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>