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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Flag and emblem</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flag_and_emblem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient,_medieval,_and_early_modern_military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient,_medieval,_and_early_modern_military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ancient, medieval, and early modern military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient,_medieval,_and_early_modern_military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Habsburg_Hungarian_military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Habsburg_Hungarian_military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Habsburg Hungarian military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Habsburg_Hungarian_military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>World War I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mid-twentieth_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mid-twentieth_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Mid-twentieth century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mid-twentieth_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warsaw_Pact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warsaw_Pact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Warsaw Pact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warsaw_Pact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_1990s_and_Twenty-first_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_1990s_and_Twenty-first_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>The 1990s and Twenty-first century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_1990s_and_Twenty-first_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zrínyi_2026_Modernization_Program" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zrínyi_2026_Modernization_Program"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Zrínyi 2026 Modernization Program</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zrínyi_2026_Modernization_Program-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_international_missions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_international_missions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Current international missions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_international_missions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hungarian Defence Forces</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="الجيش المجري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الجيش المجري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Въоръжени сили на Унгария – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Въоръжени сили на Унгария" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ungarische_Streitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Ungarische Streitkräfte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ungarische Streitkräfte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuerzas_Armadas_de_Hungr%C3%ADa" title="Fuerzas Armadas de Hungría – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fuerzas Armadas de Hungría" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نیروهای مسلح مجارستان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروهای مسلح مجارستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forces_arm%C3%A9es_hongroises" title="Forces armées hongroises – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Forces armées hongroises" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%9D%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B0%A9%EC%9C%84%EA%B5%B0" title="헝가리 방위군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헝가리 방위군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE_%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AA%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հունգարիայի զինված ուժեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հունգարիայի զինված ուժեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oru%C5%BEane_snage_Ma%C4%91arske" title="Oružane snage Mađarske – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Oružane snage Mađarske" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magyar_Honv%C3%A9ds%C3%A9g" title="Magyar Honvédség – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Magyar Honvédség" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="צבא הונגריה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צבא הונגריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AB%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="უნგრეთის შეიარაღებული ძალები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უნგრეთის შეიარაღებული ძალები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ung%C4%81rijas_Bru%C5%86otie_sp%C4%93ki" title="Ungārijas Bruņotie spēki – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ungārijas Bruņotie spēki" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magyar_Honv%C3%A9ds%C3%A9g" title="Magyar Honvédség – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Magyar Honvédség" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Унгарски одбранбени сили – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Унгарски одбранбени сили" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="ハンガリー国防軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハンガリー国防軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%A7as_Armadas_da_Hungria" title="Forças Armadas da Hungria – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Forças Armadas da Hungria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armata_Ungariei" title="Armata Ungariei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Armata Ungariei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Вооружённые силы Венгрии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вооружённые силы Венгрии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forcat_e_Mbrojtjes_Hungareze" title="Forcat e Mbrojtjes Hungareze – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Forcat e Mbrojtjes Hungareze" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Оружане снаге Мађарске – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Оружане снаге Мађарске" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unkarin_asevoimat" title="Unkarin asevoimat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Unkarin asevoimat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaristan_Savunma_Kuvvetleri" title="Macaristan Savunma Kuvvetleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Macaristan Savunma Kuvvetleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Збройні сили Угорщини – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Збройні сили Угорщини" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="匈牙利國防軍 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="匈牙利國防軍" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1161970#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Combined military forces of Hungary</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Hungarian Defence Forces</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">Magyar Honvédség</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Emblem_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg/150px-Emblem_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Emblem_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg/225px-Emblem_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Emblem_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg/300px-Emblem_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="976" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Emblem of the Hungarian Defence Forces</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg/330px-Flag_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg/440px-Flag_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="593" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag of the Hungarian Defence Forces</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motto" title="Motto">Motto</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">A hazáért</i></span><br />(<abbr title="translation">transl.</abbr><span> For the homeland</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">16 May 1848<span class="noprint">; 176 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1848-05-16</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current form</th><td class="infobox-data">15 March 1990<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Military_branch" title="Military branch">Service branches</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/War_Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-War_Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/War_Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-War_Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/War_Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-War_Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="577" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Ground_Forces" title="Hungarian Ground Forces">Hungarian Ground Forces</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force" title="Hungarian Air Force">Hungarian Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Headquarters#Military" title="Headquarters">Headquarters</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://defence.hu/">defence<wbr />.hu</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_leadership" title="Category:Military leadership">Leadership</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Hungary" title="President of Hungary">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tam%C3%A1s_Sulyok" title="Tamás Sulyok">Tamás Sulyok</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Prime Minister</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_(Hungary)" title="Minister of Defence (Hungary)">Minister of Defence</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Krist%C3%B3f_Szalay-Bobrovniczky" title="Kristóf Szalay-Bobrovniczky">Kristóf Szalay-Bobrovniczky</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_General_Staff_(Hungary)" title="Chief of General Staff (Hungary)">Chief of General Staff</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Colonel general <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1bor_B%C3%B6r%C3%B6ndi" title="Gábor Böröndi">Gábor Böröndi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Personnel</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Military age</th><td class="infobox-data">18–50<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> years of age<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">Conscription</a></th><td class="infobox-data">No (suspended on 3 November 2004)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Active personnel</th><td class="infobox-data">41,600<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Military_reserve" title="Military reserve">Reserve personnel</a></th><td class="infobox-data">20,000<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Military_deployment" title="Military deployment">Deployed personnel</a></th><td class="infobox-data">868 (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2020116_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2020116-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Expenditure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Military_budget" title="Military budget">Budget</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$5.23 billion (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-defence.hu_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defence.hu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by military expenditures">ranked 41st</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">Percent of GDP</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2.14% (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-defence.hu_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defence.hu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Military_acquisition" title="Military acquisition">Industry</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Foreign suppliers</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a><br />Former:<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Related articles</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Hungary" title="Military history of Hungary">Military history of Hungary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Military_rank" title="Military rank">Ranks</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Hungary" title="Military ranks of Hungary">Military ranks of Hungary</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Hungarian Defence Forces</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: <i lang="hu">Magyar Honvédség</i>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Hungarian Homeland-Guard', <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Hungarian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="hu-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hungarian" title="Help:IPA/Hungarian">[ˈmɒɟɒr<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈhonveːt͡ʃːeːg]</a></span>) is the national <a href="/wiki/Armed_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed forces">defence force</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>. Since 2007, the Hungarian Armed Forces has been under a unified command structure. The Ministry of Defence maintains political and civil control over the army. A subordinate Joint Forces Command coordinates and commands the HDF corps. In 2020, the armed forces had 22,700 personnel on active duty. In 2019, military spending was $1.904 billion, about 1.22% of the country's GDP, well below the NATO target of 2%.<sup id="cite_ref-SIPRI-2019_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIPRI-2019-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the government adopted a resolution in which it pledged to increase defence spending to 2.0% of GDP and the number of active personnel to 37,650 by 2026.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2020115_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2020115-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Military_service" title="Military service">Military service</a> is voluntary, though <a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">conscription</a> may occur in wartime. In a significant move for modernization, Hungary decided in 2001 to buy 14 <a href="/wiki/JAS_39_Gripen" class="mw-redirect" title="JAS 39 Gripen">JAS 39 Gripen</a> fighter aircraft for about €800 million. It also bought two used Airbus A319 and two Falcon 7X transport aircraft. Three C-17 III Globemaster transport aircraft are operating from Pápa Air Base under Hungarian nationality mark but are maintained by the NATO <a href="/wiki/Heavy_Airlift_Wing" title="Heavy Airlift Wing">Heavy Airlift Wing</a> (HAW). An intensive modernization program started in 2016 under the name "Zrínyi 2026". New helicopters, tanks, IFVs and artillery equipment were purchased beside others. Hungarian National Cyber Security Center was re-organized in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2016, the Hungarian military has about 700 troops stationed in foreign countries as part of international peacekeeping forces, including 100 HDF troops in the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>-led <a href="/wiki/ISAF" class="mw-redirect" title="ISAF">ISAF</a> force in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, 210 Hungarian soldiers in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> under command of <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">KFOR</a>, and 160 troops in <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>. Hungary sent a 300-strong logistics unit to Iraq in order to help the US occupation with armed transport convoys, though public opinion opposed the country's participation in the war. One soldier was <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">killed in action</a> by a roadside bomb in Iraq. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a>, the HDF drove Habsburg forces from the country in the <a href="/wiki/Spring_Campaign" title="Spring Campaign">Spring Campaign</a> of 1849, but was defeated by an Austro-Russian offensive in the summer. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Honv%C3%A9d" title="Royal Hungarian Honvéd">Royal Hungarian Honvéd</a> was established in 1868. During World War I, out of the eight million men mobilized by <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>, over one million died. <a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">Conscription</a> was introduced on a national basis in 1939. The peacetime strength of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Army" title="Royal Hungarian Army">Royal Hungarian Army</a> grew to 80,000 men organized into seven corps commands.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During World War II the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Second_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Second Army">Hungarian Second Army</a> was destroyed on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Don_River_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Don River (Russia)">Don River</a> in December 1942 in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a>. During the Socialist and the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a> era (1947–1989), the entire 200,000 strong <a href="/wiki/Southern_Group_of_Forces" title="Southern Group of Forces">Southern Group of Forces</a> was garrisoned in Hungary, complete with artillery, tank regiments, air force and missile troops with nuclear weapons. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Hungarian_Defence_Forces" title="Structure of the Hungarian Defence Forces">Structure of the Hungarian Defence Forces</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_Armed_Forces_Organization_2022.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hungarian_Armed_Forces_Organization_2022.png/220px-Hungarian_Armed_Forces_Organization_2022.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hungarian_Armed_Forces_Organization_2022.png/330px-Hungarian_Armed_Forces_Organization_2022.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hungarian_Armed_Forces_Organization_2022.png/440px-Hungarian_Armed_Forces_Organization_2022.png 2x" data-file-width="5842" data-file-height="1178" /></a><figcaption>Structure of the Hungarian Defence Forces, 2018 (click image to enlarge)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flag_and_emblem">Flag and emblem</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Flag and emblem"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The central element of the emblem of the Hungarian Defence Forces is the <a href="/wiki/Turul" title="Turul">Turul</a> bird with extended wings holding the sword of King <a href="/wiki/Stephen_I_of_Hungary" title="Stephen I of Hungary">Saint Stephen</a> in its claws. The element is surrounded by a <a href="/wiki/Quercus_cerris" title="Quercus cerris">turkey oak branch</a> on the right and an <a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">olive branch</a> on the left. At the meeting point of the branches is the "Hungarian Defense Shield" in the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hungary" title="Flag of Hungary">national color</a>. The inscription <i>"A HAZÁÉRT"</i> can be read at the top as "for the homeland", and <i>"MAGYAR HONVÉDSÉG"</i> can be read in a semicircle at the bottom as "Hungarian Defence Forces". The flag of the Hungarian Defence Forces is white, and the emblem is placed in the middle of the flag.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Hungary" title="Military history of Hungary">Military history of Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Hungary" title="List of wars involving Hungary">List of wars involving Hungary</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient,_medieval,_and_early_modern_military"><span id="Ancient.2C_medieval.2C_and_early_modern_military"></span>Ancient, medieval, and early modern military</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ancient, medieval, and early modern military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_invasions_of_Europe" title="Hungarian invasions of Europe">Hungarian invasions of Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Hungary" title="Principality of Hungary">Principality of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Hungary" title="Ottoman Hungary">Ottoman Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Hungary">Royal Hungary</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1570%E2%80%931711)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)">Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Balatonbogl%C3%A1r,_katonai_j%C3%A1rm%C5%B1vek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Balatonbogl%C3%A1r%2C_katonai_j%C3%A1rm%C5%B1vek.jpg/250px-Balatonbogl%C3%A1r%2C_katonai_j%C3%A1rm%C5%B1vek.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Balatonbogl%C3%A1r%2C_katonai_j%C3%A1rm%C5%B1vek.jpg/375px-Balatonbogl%C3%A1r%2C_katonai_j%C3%A1rm%C5%B1vek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Balatonbogl%C3%A1r%2C_katonai_j%C3%A1rm%C5%B1vek.jpg/500px-Balatonbogl%C3%A1r%2C_katonai_j%C3%A1rm%C5%B1vek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Military vehicles on show</figcaption></figure> <p>The Hungarian tribes of <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d" title="Árpád">Árpád</a> vezér</i> who came to settle in the Carpathian Basin were noted for their fearsome <a href="/wiki/Light_cavalry" title="Light cavalry">light cavalry</a>, which conducted <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_invasions_of_Europe" title="Hungarian invasions of Europe">frequent raids</a> throughout much of <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a> (as far as present-day <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>), maintaining their military supremacy with long range and rapid-firing <a href="/wiki/Reflex_bow" class="mw-redirect" title="Reflex bow">reflex bows</a>. Not until the introduction of well-regulated, plate-armored knight heavy cavalry could German emperors stop the Hungarian armies. </p><p>During the Árpáds the light cavalry based army was transformed slowly into a western-style one. The light cavalry lost its privileged position, replaced by a feudal army formed mainly from heavy cavalry. </p><p>The Hungarian field armies were drawn up into an articulated formation (as it happened in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Przemy%C5%9Bl_(1099)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Przemyśl (1099) (page does not exist)">Battle of Przemyśl (1099)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Fischa" title="Battle of the Fischa">Battle at Leitha</a> (1146), <a href="/wiki/Battle_on_the_Marchfeld" title="Battle on the Marchfeld">Battle of Morvamező</a> (1278), (1349), in three main <a href="/wiki/Battle_(formation)" title="Battle (formation)">battle (formation)</a> (1146, 1278, 1349). According to the contemporary sources and later speculations, the first line was formed by light cavalry archers (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Oslava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Oslava (page does not exist)">Battle of Oslava</a> (1116, 1146, 1260, 1278). Usually, they started the battle followed by a planned retreat (1116, 1146), <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kressenbrunn" title="Battle of Kressenbrunn">Battle of Kressenbrunn</a> (1260). The major decisive battles of the Hungarian army were placed in the second or third lines consisted mainly of the most valuable parts of the army – in general heavy cavalry (1146, 1278, 1349). </p><p>The commanders of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Kingdom">Hungarian Kingdom</a>'s army used different tactics, based on a recognition of their own and the enemies' (<a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pechenegs" title="Pechenegs">Pechenegs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oghuz_Turks" title="Oghuz Turks">Uzes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumans" title="Cumans">Cumans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongols</a>, <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>) abilities and deficiencies. </p><p>The Hungarian knight army had its golden age under King <a href="/wiki/Louis_I_of_Hungary" title="Louis I of Hungary">Louis the Great</a>, who himself was a famed warrior and conducted successful campaigns in <a href="/wiki/Italy_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Italy in the Middle Ages">Italy</a> due to family matters (his younger brother married <a href="/wiki/Joanna_I_of_Naples" title="Joanna I of Naples">Joanna I, Queen of Naples</a> who murdered him later.) King <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a> maintained very modern mercenary-based royal troops, called the <i><a href="/wiki/Black_Army_of_Hungary" title="Black Army of Hungary">Black Army</a></i>. King Matthias favoured ancient artillery (catapults) as opposed to cannons, which were the favourite of his father, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hunyadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Johannes Hunyadi">Johannes Hunyadi</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Regent_of_Hungary" title="Regent of Hungary">Regent of Hungary</a>. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turks" title="Ottoman Turks">Ottoman</a> invasion of Central Europe (between late 14th century and circa 1700) Hungarian soldiers protected fortresses and launched light cavalry attacks against the Turks (see <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Hussar" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Hussar">Hungarian Hussars</a>). The northern fortress of <a href="/wiki/Eger" title="Eger">Eger</a> was famously defended in the autumn of 1552 during the 39-day <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eger_(1552)" title="Siege of Eger (1552)">Siege of Eger</a> against the combined force of two Ottoman armies numbering circa 120,000 men and 16 ultra-heavy siege guns. The victory was very important, because two much stronger forts of <a href="/wiki/Szolnok_Castle#Ottoman_siege_of_1552" title="Szolnok Castle">Szolnok</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Temesv%C3%A1r_(1552)" title="Siege of Temesvár (1552)">Temesvár</a> had fallen quickly during the summer. Public opinion<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> attributed Eger's success to the all-Hungarian garrison, as the above two forts have fallen due to treason by the foreign mercenaries manning them. In 1596, <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eger_(1596)" title="Siege of Eger (1596)">Eger fell to the Ottomans</a> for the same reason. </p><p>In the 1566 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Szigetv%C3%A1r" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Szigetvár">Battle of Szigetvár</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikola_%C5%A0ubi%C4%87_Zrinski" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikola Šubić Zrinski">Miklós Zrínyi</a> defended <a href="/wiki/Szigetv%C3%A1r" title="Szigetvár">Szigetvár</a> for 30 days against the largest Ottoman army ever seen up to that day,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and died leading his remaining few soldiers on a final suicide charge to become one of the best known national heroes. His great-grandson, <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Zr%C3%ADnyi" title="Miklós Zrínyi">Miklós Zrínyi</a>, poet and general became one of the better-known strategists of the 1660s. In 1686, the capital city <a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Buda_(1686)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Buda (1686)">was freed from the Ottomans</a> by an allied Christian army composed of Austrian, Hungarian, and Western European troops, each roughly one-third of the army.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburg</a> empire then annexed Hungary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Habsburg_Hungarian_military">Habsburg Hungarian military</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Habsburg Hungarian military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Landwehr" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Hungarian Landwehr">Royal Hungarian Landwehr</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Than_tapiobicskei_utk%C3%B6zet2_1849_aprilis_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Than_tapiobicskei_utk%C3%B6zet2_1849_aprilis_4.jpg/300px-Than_tapiobicskei_utk%C3%B6zet2_1849_aprilis_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Than_tapiobicskei_utk%C3%B6zet2_1849_aprilis_4.jpg/450px-Than_tapiobicskei_utk%C3%B6zet2_1849_aprilis_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Than_tapiobicskei_utk%C3%B6zet2_1849_aprilis_4.jpg/600px-Than_tapiobicskei_utk%C3%B6zet2_1849_aprilis_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1141" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Hungarian hussars in battle during the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Under <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg rule</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Hussars" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Hussars">Hungarian Hussars</a> rose to international fame and served as a model for light cavalry in many European countries. During the 18th and 19th centuries hundreds of thousands of forcibly enrolled Hungarian males served 12 years or more each as line infantry in the Austrian Imperial Army. </p><p>Two independence wars interrupted this era, that of Prince <a href="/wiki/Francis_II_R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi" title="Francis II Rákóczi">Francis II Rákóczi</a> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi%27s_War_of_Independence" title="Rákóczi's War of Independence">between 1703 and 1711</a> and that of <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Kossuth" title="Lajos Kossuth">Lajos Kossuth</a> in 1848–1849. A July 11, 1848 act of parliament in Budapest called for the formation of an army, the <i>Honvédség</i>, of 200,000 which would use the <a href="/wiki/Magyar_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyar language">Magyar language</a> of command. It was to be formed around already extant imperial units, twenty battalions of infantry, ten hussar regiments, and two regiments of <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kelys" title="Székelys">Székely</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Military_Frontier" title="Transylvanian Military Frontier">Transylvanian Military Frontier</a>. They were further joined by eight companies of two Italian regiments stationed in Hungary and parts of the Fifth Bohemian Artillery Regiment.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1848–1849 the Honvédség (mostly made up of enthusiastic patriots with no prior military training) achieved incredible successes against better-trained and -equipped Austrian forces, despite the obvious advantage in numbers on the Austrian side. The Winter Campaign of <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Bem" title="Józef Bem">Józef Bem</a> and the Spring Campaign of <a href="/wiki/Art%C3%BAr_G%C3%B6rgey" class="mw-redirect" title="Artúr Görgey">Artúr Görgey</a> are to this day taught at prestigious military schools around the globe, including at <a href="/wiki/West_Point_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="West Point Academy">West Point Academy</a> in the United States. Having suffered initial setbacks, including the loss of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pest-Buda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pest-Buda (page does not exist)">Pest-Buda</a>, the Honvéd took advantage of the Austrians' lack of initiative and re-formed around the <a href="/wiki/Debrecen" title="Debrecen">Debrecen</a>-based Kossuth government.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg197632-33_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg197632-33-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hungarians advanced again and by the end of spring 1849, Hungary was basically cleared of foreign forces, and would have achieved independence, were it not for the Russian intervention. At the request of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian emperor">Austrian emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg197635_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg197635-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Russians invaded with a force of 190,000 soldiers – against the Honvédség's 135,000 – and decisively defeated Bem's Second Army in Transylvania, opening the path into the heart of Hungary. This way the Austrian-Russian coalition outnumbered Hungarian forces 3:1, which led to Hungary's <a href="/wiki/Surrender_at_Vil%C3%A1gos" title="Surrender at Világos">surrender at Világos</a> on 13 August 1849. <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Pet%C5%91fi" title="Sándor Petőfi">Sándor Petőfi</a>, the great Hungarian poet, went <a href="/wiki/Missing_in_action" title="Missing in action">missing in action</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Segesv%C3%A1r" title="Battle of Segesvár">Battle of Segesvár</a>, against invading Russian forces. </p><p>In April 1867, the <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a> was established. Franz Josef, the head of the ancient <a href="/wiki/Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburg</a> dynasty, was recognized as both <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Emperor of Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">King of Hungary</a>. Nevertheless, the issue of what form the Hungarian military would take remained a matter of serious contention between Hungarian patriots and Austrian leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg197675-76_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg197675-76-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the impasse threatened the political union, Emperor Franz Josef ordered a council of generals in November of the same year. Ultimately, the leaders resolved on the following solution: in addition to the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Army" title="Austro-Hungarian Army">joint (k.u.k.) army</a>, Hungary would have its own defence force, whose members would swear their oath to the King of Hungary (who was also Emperor of Austria) and the national constitution, use the Hungarian language of command, and display their own flags and insignia. (Austria would also form its own parallel national defence force, the <i><a href="/wiki/Imperial-Royal_Landwehr" title="Imperial-Royal Landwehr">Landwehr</a></i>.)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg197677_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg197677-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of these negotiations, on 5 December 1868, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Landwehr" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Hungarian Landwehr">Royal Hungarian Landwehr</a> (<i>Magyar Kiralyi Honvédség</i>, or Defence Force) was established. </p><p>The Honvédség was usually treated generously by the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet</a> in Budapest.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg197678_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg197678-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1873 it already had over 2,800 officers and 158,000 men organized into eighty-six battalions and fifty-eight squadrons. In 1872, the <a href="/wiki/Ludovica_Military_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludovica Military Academy">Ludovika Academy</a> officially began training cadets (and later staff officers). Honvédség units engaged in manoeuvres and were organized into seven divisions in seven military districts. While artillery was not allowed, the force did form batteries of <a href="/wiki/Gatling_gun" title="Gatling gun">Gatling guns</a> in the 1870s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg197685_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg197685-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the midst of trouble between the imperial government and the parliament in 1906, the Honvédség was further expanded and finally received its own artillery units. In this form, the force approached the coming world war in most respects as a truly "national" Hungarian army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg1976136_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg1976136-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="World_War_I">World War I</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Landwehr" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Hungarian Landwehr">Royal Hungarian Landwehr</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_I" title="Hungary in World War I">Hungary in World War I</a></div> <p>Hungarian soldiers "fought with distinction" on every front contested by Austria-Hungary in the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg1976136_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg1976136-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Honvédség units (along with the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Landwehr" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian Landwehr">Austrian Landwehr</a>) were considered fit for front line combat service and equal to those of the joint forces K.U.K. army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg1976173_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg1976173-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They saw combat especially on the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Eastern Front (World War I)">Eastern Front</a> and at the <a href="/wiki/Battles_of_the_Isonzo" title="Battles of the Isonzo">Battles of the Isonzo</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Campaign_(World_War_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Campaign (World War I)">Italian Front</a>. Out of the eight million men mobilized by Austria-Hungary, over one million died. Hungarians as a national group were second only to German Austrians in their share of this burden, experiencing twenty-eight war deaths for every thousand persons.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERothenburg1976218_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERothenburg1976218-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian empire in late 1918, the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Red_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Red Army">Red Army</a> of the Hungarian communist state (<a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Soviet_Republic" title="Hungarian Soviet Republic">Hungarian Soviet Republic</a>) conducted successful campaigns to protect the country's borders. However, in the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian%E2%80%93Romanian_War_of_1919" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian–Romanian War of 1919">Hungarian–Romanian War of 1919</a> Hungary came under occupation by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romanian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbs,_Croats_and_Slovenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes">Serbian</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a>, and <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">French</a> troops, as after four years of extensive fighting, the country lacked both the necessary manpower and equipment to fend off foreign invaders. </p><p>In accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1918)">Treaty of Bucharest</a>, upon leaving, the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanian army">Romanian army</a> took substantial compensation for reparations. This included agricultural goods and industrial machinery as well as raw materials.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Trianon_peace_treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Trianon peace treaty">Trianon Treaty</a> limited the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Army" title="Royal Hungarian Army">Hungarian National Army</a> to 35,000 men and forbade conscription. The army was forbidden to possess tanks, heavy armor, or an air force. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mid-twentieth_century">Mid-twentieth century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mid-twentieth century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Army" title="Royal Hungarian Army">Royal Hungarian Army</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hungary_between_the_two_world_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungary between the two world wars">Hungary between the two world wars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1920%E2%80%931946)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)">Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)</a></div> <p>On 9 August 1919, Admiral <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Horthy" title="Miklós Horthy">Miklós Horthy</a> united various anti-communist military units into an 80,000-strong National Army (<i>Nemzeti Hadsereg</i>). On 1 January 1922, the National Army was once again redesignated the Royal Hungarian Army. </p><p>During the 1930s and early 1940s, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1920%E2%80%931946)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)">Hungary</a> was preoccupied with the regaining the vast territories and huge amount of population lost in the <a href="/wiki/Trianon_peace_treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Trianon peace treaty">Trianon peace treaty</a> at <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Versailles</a> in 1920. This required strong armed forces to defeat the <a href="/wiki/Little_Entente" title="Little Entente">neighbouring states</a> and this was something Hungary could not afford. Instead, the Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Regent_of_Hungary" title="Regent of Hungary">Regent</a>, Admiral Miklós Horthy, made an alliance with <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>. In exchange for this alliance and via the <a href="/wiki/First_Vienna_Award" title="First Vienna Award">First</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Vienna_Award" title="Second Vienna Award">Second Vienna Awards</a>, Hungary received back parts of its lost territories from <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/First_Czechoslovak_Republic" title="First Czechoslovak Republic">Czechoslovakia</a>. Hungary was to pay dearly during and after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> for these temporary gains.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2009)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 5 March 1938, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1lm%C3%A1n_Dar%C3%A1nyi" title="Kálmán Darányi">Kálmán Darányi</a> announced a rearmament program (the so-called <i><a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győr</a> Programme</i>, named after the city where it was announced to the public). Starting 1 October, the armed forces established a five-year expansion plan with Huba I-III revised orders of battle. <a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">Conscription</a> was introduced on a national basis in 1939. The peacetime strength of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Army" title="Royal Hungarian Army">Royal Hungarian Army</a> grew to 80,000 men organized into seven corps commands.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1939, Hungary launched an invasion of the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Slovak_Republic_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="Slovak Republic (1939–1945)">Slovak Republic</a>. Both the Royal Hungarian Army and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Hungarian Air Force">Royal Hungarian Air Force</a> fought in the brief <a href="/wiki/Slovak-Hungarian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovak-Hungarian War">Slovak-Hungarian War</a>. This invasion was launched to reclaim a part of the Slovakian territory lost after World War I. </p><p>On 1 March 1940, Hungary organized its <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Ground_Forces" title="Hungarian Ground Forces">ground forces</a> into three field armies. The Royal Hungarian Army fielded the <a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Hungary)" title="First Army (Hungary)">Hungarian First Army</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Second_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Second Army">Hungarian Second Army</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Third_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Third Army">Hungarian Third Army</a>. With the exception of the independent "Fast Moving Army Corps" (<i><a href="/wiki/Gyorshadtest" title="Gyorshadtest">Gyorshadtest</a></i>), all three Hungarian field armies were initially relegated to defensive and occupation duties within the regained Hungarian territories. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="World_War_II">World War II</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Army" title="Royal Hungarian Army">Royal Hungarian Army</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_II" title="Hungary in World War II">Hungary in World War II</a></div> <p>In November 1940, Hungary signed the <a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Pact" title="Tripartite Pact">Tripartite Pact</a> and became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis</a> with <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Fascist Italy</a>. </p><p>In April 1941, in order to regain territory and because of the German pressure, Hungary allowed the <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> to cross her territory in order to launch the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">invasion of Yugoslavia</a>. The Hungarian foreign minister, <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1l_Teleki" title="Pál Teleki">Pál Teleki</a> who wanted to maintain a pro-allied neutral stance for Hungary, could no longer keep the country out of the war, as the British Foreign Secretary <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden" title="Anthony Eden">Anthony Eden</a> had threatened to break diplomatic relations with Hungary if it did not actively resist the passage of German troops across its territory, and General <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Werth" title="Henrik Werth">Henrik Werth</a>, chief of the Hungarian General Staff made a private arrangement - unsanctioned by the Hungarian government - with the German High Command for the transport of the German troops across Hungary. Pál Teleki, no longer being able to stop the unfolding events, committed suicide on April 3, 1941, and Hungary joined the war on April 11 after the proclamation of the <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a>. </p><p>After the controversial <i><a href="/wiki/Kassa_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Kassa attack">Kassa attack</a></i>, elements of the Royal Hungarian Army joined the German invasion of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Operation Barbarossa</a>, one week later than the start of the operation. In spite of the arguments made that Hungary (unlike Romania) had no territorial claims in the Soviet Union, the fateful decision was made to join the war in the East. In the late summer of 1941, the Hungarian "Rapid Corps" (<i><a href="/wiki/Gyorshadtest" title="Gyorshadtest">Gyorshadtest</a></i>), alongside <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">German</a> and Romanian army groups, scored a huge success against the Soviets at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uman" title="Battle of Uman">Battle of Uman</a>. A little more than a year later and contrasting sharply with the success at Uman, was the near total devastation of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Second_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Second Army">Hungarian Second Army</a> on banks of the <a href="/wiki/Don_River_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Don River (Russia)">Don River</a> in December 1942 during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_for_Stalingrad" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle for Stalingrad">Battle for Stalingrad</a>. </p><p>During 1943, the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Second_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Second Army">Hungarian Second Army</a> was re-built. In late 1944, as part of <i>Panzerarmee Fretter-Pico</i>, it participated in the destruction of a Soviet mechanized group at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Debrecen" title="Battle of Debrecen">Battle of Debrecen</a>. But this proved to be a <a href="/wiki/Pyrrhic_victory" title="Pyrrhic victory">Pyrrhic victory</a>. Unable to re-build again, the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Second_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Second Army">Hungarian Second Army</a> was disbanded towards the end of 1944. </p><p>To keep Hungary as an ally, the Germans launched <a href="/wiki/Operation_Margarethe" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Margarethe">Operation Margarethe</a> and occupied Hungary in March 1944. However, during the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Uprising" title="Warsaw Uprising">Warsaw Uprising</a>, Hungarian troops refused to participate.<sup id="cite_ref-Mollo,_Andrew_1981_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mollo,_Andrew_1981-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Warsaw_Uprising_Hungarians.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Warsaw_Uprising_Hungarians.JPG/170px-Warsaw_Uprising_Hungarians.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Warsaw_Uprising_Hungarians.JPG/255px-Warsaw_Uprising_Hungarians.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Warsaw_Uprising_Hungarians.JPG/340px-Warsaw_Uprising_Hungarians.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>Graves of a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Army" title="Royal Hungarian Army">Royal Hungarian Army</a> captain and 6 of his men who fell, fighting on the Polish side in <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Warsaw uprising">Warsaw uprising</a> 1944</figcaption></figure> <p>On 15 October 1944, the Germans launched <a href="/wiki/Operation_Panzerfaust" title="Operation Panzerfaust">Operation Panzerfaust</a> and forced Horthy to abdicate. Pro-Nazi <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Sz%C3%A1lasi" title="Ferenc Szálasi">Ferenc Szálasi</a> was made p<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">rime minister</a> by the Germans. </p><p>On 28 December 1944, a <a href="/wiki/Provisional_government" title="Provisional government">provisional government</a> under the control of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> was formed in liberated <a href="/wiki/Debrecen" title="Debrecen">Debrecen</a> with <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Mikl%C3%B3s" title="Béla Miklós">Béla Miklós</a> as its <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister">prime minister</a>. Miklós was the commander of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_First_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian First Army">Hungarian First Army</a>, but most of the First Army sided with the Germans and most of what remained of it was destroyed about 200 kilometres north of Budapest between 1 January and 16 February. The pro-<a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">Communist</a> government formed by Miklós competed with the pro-Nazi <a href="/wiki/Government_of_National_Unity_(Hungary)" title="Government of National Unity (Hungary)">government of Ferenc Szálasi</a>. The Germans, Szálasi, and pro-German Hungarian forces loyal to Szálasi fought on. On 20 January 1945, representatives of the provisional government of <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Mikl%C3%B3s" title="Béla Miklós">Béla Miklós</a> signed an armistice in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>. But forces loyal to Szálasi still continued to fight on. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a>, with assistance from Romanian army units, completed the encirclement of Budapest on 29 December 1944 and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Budapest" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Budapest">Siege of Budapest</a> began. On 2 February 1945, the strength of the Royal Hungarian Army was 214,465 men, but about 50,000 of these had been formed into <a href="/wiki/Labour_service_(Hungary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour service (Hungary)">unarmed labor battalions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mollo,_Andrew_1981_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mollo,_Andrew_1981-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The siege of Budapest ended with the surrender of the city on 13 February. But, while the German forces in Hungary were generally in a state of defeat, the Germans had one more surprise for the Soviets. </p><p>In early March 1945, the Germans launched <a href="/wiki/Operation_Fr%C3%BChlingserwachen" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Frühlingserwachen">the Lake Balaton Offensive</a> with support from the Hungarians. This offensive was almost over before it began. By 19 March 1945, Soviet troops had recaptured all the territory lost during a 13-day German offensive.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the failed offensive, the Germans in Hungary were defeated. Most of what remained of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Third_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Third Army">Hungarian Third Army</a> was destroyed about 50 kilometres west of Budapest between 16 March and 25 March 1945. Officially, Soviet operations in Hungary ended on 4 April 1945 when the last German troops were expelled. </p><p>Some pro-fascist Hungarians like Szálasi retreated with the Germans into Austria and Czechoslovakia. During the very last phase of the war, <a href="/wiki/Fascist" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascist">Fascist</a> Hungarian forces fought in <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Vienna Offensive">Vienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Breslau_(1945)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Breslau (1945)">Breslau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kostrzyn_nad_Odr%C4%85" title="Kostrzyn nad Odrą">Küstrin</a>, and along the <a href="/wiki/Oder_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Oder River">Oder River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mollo,_Andrew_1981_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mollo,_Andrew_1981-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_military_police_summer_uniform_(enlisted,_1965-2005).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hungarian_military_police_summer_uniform_%28enlisted%2C_1965-2005%29.jpg/80px-Hungarian_military_police_summer_uniform_%28enlisted%2C_1965-2005%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hungarian_military_police_summer_uniform_%28enlisted%2C_1965-2005%29.jpg/120px-Hungarian_military_police_summer_uniform_%28enlisted%2C_1965-2005%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hungarian_military_police_summer_uniform_%28enlisted%2C_1965-2005%29.jpg/160px-Hungarian_military_police_summer_uniform_%28enlisted%2C_1965-2005%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="374" data-file-height="906" /></a><figcaption>Uniform of the Hungarian People's Army (<i>Magyar Néphadsereg</i>): Hungarian military police summer uniform (enlisted, private, 1965–2005)</figcaption></figure> <p>On 7 May 1945, <a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jodl" title="Alfred Jodl">Alfred Jodl</a>, the German <a href="/wiki/Oberkommando_der_Wehrmacht" title="Oberkommando der Wehrmacht">Chief of Staff</a>, signed the document of unconditional surrender for all German forces. Jodl signed this document during a ceremony in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. On 8 May, in accordance with the wishes of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, the ceremony was repeated in Germany by <a href="/wiki/Field_Marshal" class="mw-redirect" title="Field Marshal">Field Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Keitel" title="Wilhelm Keitel">Wilhelm Keitel</a>. On 11 June, the Allies agreed to make 9 May 1945 the official "Victory in Europe" day.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Szálasi and many other pro-fascist Hungarians were captured and ultimately returned to Hungary's provisional government for trial. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warsaw_Pact">Warsaw Pact</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Warsaw Pact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Army" title="Hungarian People's Army">Hungarian People's Army</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Second_Hungarian_Republic" title="Second Hungarian Republic">Second Hungarian Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungarian People's Republic</a></div> <p>During the Socialist and the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a> era (1947–1989), the Soviet <a href="/wiki/Southern_Group_of_Forces" title="Southern Group of Forces">Southern Group of Forces</a>, 200,000 strong, was garrisoned in Hungary, complete with artillery, tank regiments, air force and missile troops (with nuclear weapons). It was, by all means, a very capable force but which had little contact with the local population. Between 1949 and 1955 there was also a huge effort to build a big Hungarian army. All procedures, disciplines, and equipment were exact copies of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Armed_Forces" title="Soviet Armed Forces">Soviet Armed Forces</a> in methods and material, but the huge costs collapsed the economy by 1956. </p><p>During the autumn <a href="/wiki/1956_Hungarian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 Hungarian Revolution">1956 revolution</a>, the army was divided. When the opening demonstrations on 23 October 1956 were fired upon by <a href="/wiki/%C3%81VH" class="mw-redirect" title="ÁVH">ÁVH</a> secret policemen, Hungarian troops sent to crush the demonstrators instead provided their arms to the latter or joined them outright. While most major military units in the capital were neutral during the fighting, thousands of rank-and-file soldiers went over to the Revolution or at least provided the revolutionaries with arms.<sup id="cite_ref-Lendvai_2008_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lendvai_2008-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many significant military units went over to the uprising in full, such as the armored unit commanded by Colonel <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1l_Mal%C3%A9ter" title="Pál Maléter">Pál Maléter</a> which joined forces with the insurgents at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Corvin_Passage" title="Battle of the Corvin Passage">Battle of the Corvin Passage</a>. However, there were 71 recorded clashes between the people and the army between 24 and 29 October in fifty localities; these were typically either defending certain military targets from rebel attack or fighting the insurgents outright, depending on the commander.<sup id="cite_ref-Lendvai_2008_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lendvai_2008-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the Soviets crushed the Revolution on 4 November, the Army put up sporadic and disorganized resistance; lacking orders, many of their divisions were simply overpowered by the invading Soviets. </p><p>After the Revolution was crushed in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, the Soviets took away most of the Hungarian People's Army's equipment, including dismantling the entire Hungarian Air Force, because a sizable percentage of the Army fought alongside the Hungarian revolutionaries. Three years later in 1959, the Soviets began helping rebuild the Hungarian People's Army and resupplying them with new arms and equipment as well as rebuilding the Hungarian Air Force. Satisfied that Hungary was stable and firmly committed once again to the Warsaw Pact, the Soviets offered the Hungarians a choice of withdrawal for all Soviet troops in the country. The new Hungarian leader, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_K%C3%A1d%C3%A1r" title="János Kádár">János Kádár</a>, asked for all the 200,000 Soviet troops to stay, because it allowed the <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungarian People's Republic</a> to neglect its own draft-based armed forces, quickly leading to deterioration of the military. Large sums of money were saved that way and spent on feel-good socialist measures for the population, thus Hungary could become "<a href="/wiki/The_happiest_barrack" class="mw-redirect" title="The happiest barrack">the happiest barrack</a>" in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Bloc" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Bloc">Soviet Bloc</a>. Limited modernization though, would happen from the mid-1970s onward to replace older stocks of military equipment with newer ones. Thus enabling the HPA, in a small way, to honor its Warsaw Pact commitments coupled with a mid-1980s organization which abolished divisions and replaced them with ground force brigades and a singular air force command. </p><p>The HPA was divided into the Ground and Air Forces. Until 1985, the Ground Forces were organized into: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Land_Command_(Hungary)" title="Land Command (Hungary)">5th Hungarian Army</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kesfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r" title="Székesfehérvár">Székesfehérvár</a> <ul><li>7th Motor Rifle Division at <a href="/wiki/Kiskunf%C3%A9legyh%C3%A1za" title="Kiskunfélegyháza">Kiskunfélegyháza</a></li> <li>8th Motor Rifle Division at <a href="/wiki/Zalaegerszeg" title="Zalaegerszeg">Zalaegerszeg</a></li> <li>9th Motor Rifle Division at <a href="/wiki/Kaposv%C3%A1r" title="Kaposvár">Kaposvár</a></li> <li>11th Tank Division at <a href="/wiki/Tata,_Hungary" title="Tata, Hungary">Tata</a></li></ul></li> <li>3rd Army Corps at <a href="/wiki/Cegl%C3%A9d" title="Cegléd">Cegléd</a> <ul><li>4th Motor Rifle Division at <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6ngy%C3%B6s" title="Gyöngyös">Gyöngyös</a></li> <li>15th Motor Rifle Division at <a href="/wiki/Ny%C3%ADregyh%C3%A1za" title="Nyíregyháza">Nyíregyháza</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Air Forces Headquarters at <a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a> </p> <ul><li>11th Air-defense Artillery Brigade at <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, after 1977 <a href="/wiki/%C3%89rd" title="Érd">Érd</a></li> <li>1st Air Defense Division at <a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a> <ul><li>47th Fighter Regiment at <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1pa" title="Pápa">Pápa</a></li> <li>31st Fighter Regiment at <a href="/wiki/Tasz%C3%A1r" title="Taszár">Taszár</a></li> <li>104th Air-defense Artillery Regiment <a href="/wiki/Nagytarcsa" title="Nagytarcsa">Nagytarcsa</a> after <a href="/wiki/Szabadsz%C3%A1ll%C3%A1s" title="Szabadszállás">Szabadszállás</a></li></ul></li> <li>2nd Air Defense Division at <a href="/wiki/Miskolc" title="Miskolc">Miskolc</a> <ul><li>59th Fighter Regiment at <a href="/wiki/Szolnok" title="Szolnok">Szolnok</a></li> <li>105th Air-defense Artillery Regiment at <a href="/wiki/Miskolc" title="Miskolc">Miskolc</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Training for conscripts was poor and most of those drafted were actually used as a free labour force (esp. railway track construction and agricultural work) after just a few weeks of basic rifle training. Popular opinion grew very negative towards the Hungarian People's Army and most young men tried to avoid the draft with bogus medical excuses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_1990s_and_Twenty-first_century">The 1990s and Twenty-first century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: The 1990s and Twenty-first century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1997, Hungary spent about 123 billion HUF (US$560 million) on defence. Hungary became a member of <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> on 12 March 1999. Hungary provided airbases and support for <a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">NATO's air campaign</a> against <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbia_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republic of Serbia (1992–2006)">Serbia</a> and has provided military units to serve in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> as part of the NATO-led <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">KFOR</a> operation. Hungary has sent a 300 strong logistics unit to <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> in order to help the US occupation with armed transport convoys, though public opinion opposed the country's participation in the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">war</a>. One soldier was <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">killed in action</a> due to a roadside bomb in Iraq. The parliament refused to extend the one year mandate of the logistics unit and all troops have returned from Iraq as of mid-January 2005. Hungarian troops were still in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> as of early 2005 as part of the <a href="/wiki/International_Security_Assistance_Force" title="International Security Assistance Force">International Security Assistance Force</a>. There were reports that Hungary would most probably replace its old UAZ 4x4 vehicles with the modern <a href="/wiki/Iveco_LMV" title="Iveco LMV">Iveco LMV</a> types, but it never happened. Hungarian forces deploy the <a href="/wiki/Gepard_anti-materiel_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Gepard anti-materiel rifle">Gepárd anti-materiel rifle</a>, which is a heavy 12.7 mm portable gun. This equipment is also in use by the Turkish and Croatian armed forces, among other armies. </p><p>In a significant move for modernization, Hungary decided in 2001 to lease 14 <a href="/wiki/JAS_39_Gripen" class="mw-redirect" title="JAS 39 Gripen">JAS 39 Gripen</a> fighter aircraft (the contract includes 2 dual-seater airplanes and 12 single-seaters as well as ground maintenance facilities, a simulator, and training for pilots and ground crews) for 210 billion HUF (about 800 million EUR). Five Gripens (3 single-seaters and 2 two-seaters) arrived in <a href="/wiki/Kecskem%C3%A9t" title="Kecskemét">Kecskemét</a> on 21 March 2006, expected to be transferred to the Hungarian Air Force on March 30. 10 or 14 more aircraft of this type might follow up in the coming years. </p><p>In early 2015, Hungary and Sweden extended the lease-program for another 10 years with a total of 32,000 flight-hours (95% increase) for only a 45% increase in cost.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zrínyi_2026_Modernization_Program"><span id="Zr.C3.ADnyi_2026_Modernization_Program"></span>Zrínyi 2026 Modernization Program</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Zrínyi 2026 Modernization Program"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_soldiers_on_exercise_in_Bakony.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hungarian_soldiers_on_exercise_in_Bakony.jpg/225px-Hungarian_soldiers_on_exercise_in_Bakony.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hungarian_soldiers_on_exercise_in_Bakony.jpg/338px-Hungarian_soldiers_on_exercise_in_Bakony.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hungarian_soldiers_on_exercise_in_Bakony.jpg/450px-Hungarian_soldiers_on_exercise_in_Bakony.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>Hungarian soldiers on exercise</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2016, PM <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Orbán</a> confirmed that Hungary will meet its NATO obligations by increasing its defense spending to about 2 percent of GDP. The official government "<a href="/wiki/Zr%C3%ADnyi_Mikl%C3%B3s" class="mw-redirect" title="Zrínyi Miklós">Zrínyi</a> 2026" program of upgrading military equipment is scheduled to last until 2026, but the timeline has been expanded until 2030–2032.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New purchased and ordered equipment so far includes new <a href="/wiki/CZ_805_BREN" title="CZ 805 BREN">CZ BREN 2 assault rifles</a> (to be manufactured locally), <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters_H145" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus Helicopters H145">helicopters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Embraer_C-390_Millennium" title="Embraer C-390 Millennium">transport</a> and trainer aircraft, tanks, <a href="/wiki/Gidran_(4x4_armored_vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gidran (4x4 armored vehicle)">armored vehicles</a>, <a href="/wiki/EL/M-2084" title="EL/M-2084">radars</a> and surface-to-air missiles. </p><p>Hungary ordered 20 <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC145" title="Eurocopter EC145">H145M</a> and 16 <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC725" title="Eurocopter EC725">H225M</a> in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All H145M aircraft had been delivered by the end of 2021. H225M are expected to arrive between 2023 and 2024. </p><p>In early 2019 the first batch of <a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustaf_8.4cm_recoilless_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Gustaf 8.4cm recoilless rifle">Carl Gustaf M4s</a> has arrived, starting to replace the old <a href="/wiki/RPG-7" title="RPG-7">RPG-7s</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late 2019, Hungary signed a contract for 44 <a href="/wiki/Leopard_2" title="Leopard 2">Leopard 2 A7+</a> tanks and 24 <a href="/wiki/PzH_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="PzH 2000">PzH 2000</a> howitzers for €300 million to be delivered in 2021 to 2025. In 2020 Hungary and <a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall" title="Rheinmetall">Rheinmetall Group</a> have signed a contract to start manufacturing the <a href="/wiki/Lynx_(Rheinmetall_armoured_fighting_vehicle)" title="Lynx (Rheinmetall armoured fighting vehicle)">Lynx infantry fighting vehicle</a> family in Hungary. Estimated to start arriving around 2024–2025, the first batch of 200+ Lynx vehicles are expected to reach operational capability in the Hungarian Defence Forces by 2026-2027<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020 the Hungarian airforce ordered two <a href="/wiki/Embraer_C-390_Millennium" title="Embraer C-390 Millennium">KC-390</a> cargo and tanker aircraft to be delivered in 2023 and 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This year <a href="/wiki/Kongsberg_Defence_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Kongsberg Defence Systems">Kongsberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raytheon_Missiles_%26_Defense" title="Raytheon Missiles & Defense">Raytheon</a> were awarded a 410 million EUR contract by Hungary for <a href="/wiki/NASAMS" title="NASAMS">NASAMS</a> surface-to air missile systems.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 11 <a href="/wiki/EL/M-2084" title="EL/M-2084">ELM-2084</a> radars were also ordered in late 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Mistral_(missile)" title="Mistral (missile)">Mistral</a> SAM system has been upgraded: new M3 missiles were purchased and both the launchers and the MCPs were modernized.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_Special_Forces.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hungarian_Special_Forces.jpg/174px-Hungarian_Special_Forces.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hungarian_Special_Forces.jpg/261px-Hungarian_Special_Forces.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hungarian_Special_Forces.jpg/348px-Hungarian_Special_Forces.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Hungarian special forces</figcaption></figure><p> In 2021 <a href="/wiki/Spike_(missile)" title="Spike (missile)">Spike LR2</a> anti-tank missiles has been ordered, mainly for the Lynx IFVs.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2021 contract has been signed with SAAB to upgrade the Hungarian Gripen fleet to the MS20 Block 2 standard. This upgrade greatly increases both Gripen's combat and communication capabilities, as well as access to a wide range of weapons that can be integrated on Hungarian Air Force Gripen fighters.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cutting edge <a href="/wiki/IRIS-T" title="IRIS-T">IRIS-T</a> missile has been also ordered in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Meteor_(missile)" title="Meteor (missile)">Meteor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paveway" title="Paveway">GBU-49</a> is planned to be purchased for the Gripen's arsenal. There is a plan to also set up a second fighter squadron, but it has not been confirmed.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CZ_BREN_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="CZ BREN 2 - standard-issue rifle of the Hungarian Armed Forces"><img alt="CZ BREN 2 - standard-issue rifle of the Hungarian Armed Forces" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CZ_BREN_2.jpg/120px-CZ_BREN_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CZ_BREN_2.jpg/180px-CZ_BREN_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CZ_BREN_2.jpg/240px-CZ_BREN_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4018" data-file-height="1828" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">CZ BREN 2 - standard-issue rifle of the Hungarian Armed Forces</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saab_JAS-39D_Gripen,_Hungary_-_Air_Force_JP6627802.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gripen fighters of Hungary"><img alt="Gripen fighters of Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Saab_JAS-39D_Gripen%2C_Hungary_-_Air_Force_JP6627802.jpg/120px-Saab_JAS-39D_Gripen%2C_Hungary_-_Air_Force_JP6627802.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Saab_JAS-39D_Gripen%2C_Hungary_-_Air_Force_JP6627802.jpg/180px-Saab_JAS-39D_Gripen%2C_Hungary_-_Air_Force_JP6627802.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Saab_JAS-39D_Gripen%2C_Hungary_-_Air_Force_JP6627802.jpg/240px-Saab_JAS-39D_Gripen%2C_Hungary_-_Air_Force_JP6627802.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="870" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gripen fighters of Hungary</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_Lynx_APC.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hungarian Lynx IFV"><img alt="Hungarian Lynx IFV" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hungarian_Lynx_APC.jpg/120px-Hungarian_Lynx_APC.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hungarian_Lynx_APC.jpg/180px-Hungarian_Lynx_APC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hungarian_Lynx_APC.jpg/240px-Hungarian_Lynx_APC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hungarian Lynx IFV</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_Leopard_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hungarian Leopard 2A4"><img alt="Hungarian Leopard 2A4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Hungarian_Leopard_2.jpg/120px-Hungarian_Leopard_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Hungarian_Leopard_2.jpg/180px-Hungarian_Leopard_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Hungarian_Leopard_2.jpg/240px-Hungarian_Leopard_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hungarian Leopard 2A4</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_H145_Helicopters.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hungarian H145M on exercise"><img alt="Hungarian H145M on exercise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Hungarian_H145_Helicopters.jpg/120px-Hungarian_H145_Helicopters.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Hungarian_H145_Helicopters.jpg/180px-Hungarian_H145_Helicopters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Hungarian_H145_Helicopters.jpg/240px-Hungarian_H145_Helicopters.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hungarian H145M on exercise</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_H225_Helicopter.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hungarian H225M"><img alt="Hungarian H225M" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Hungarian_H225_Helicopter.jpg/120px-Hungarian_H225_Helicopter.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Hungarian_H225_Helicopter.jpg/180px-Hungarian_H225_Helicopter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Hungarian_H225_Helicopter.jpg/240px-Hungarian_H225_Helicopter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="675" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hungarian H225M</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_international_missions">Current international missions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Current international missions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hungarian Defence Forces currently takes part in the following international missions:<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EUFOR" class="mw-redirect" title="EUFOR">EUFOR</a> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Althea" title="Operation Althea">Operation Althea</a> <ul><li>HDF <a href="/wiki/EUFOR" class="mw-redirect" title="EUFOR">EUFOR</a> Althea Contingent, <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Training_Mission_in_Mali" title="European Union Training Mission in Mali">EUTM Mali</a> <ul><li>HDF Training Contingent, <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">Kosovo Force</a> <ul><li>HDF KFOR Contingent, <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Peacekeeping_Force_in_Cyprus" title="United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus">United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus</a> <ul><li>HDF UNFICYP Contingent, <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Other missions include: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Force_in_Lebanon" title="United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon">United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Sophia" title="Operation Sophia">EUNAVFOR MED</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_for_the_Referendum_in_Western_Sahara" title="United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara">MINURSO</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Monitoring_Mission_in_Georgia" title="European Union Monitoring Mission in Georgia">EUMM</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hungarian_Defence_Force" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hungarian Defence Force">Hungarian Defence Force</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Hungary" title="Military history of Hungary">Military history of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Hungary" title="Military ranks of Hungary">Military ranks of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Force_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence Force (disambiguation)">Defence Force</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCsákváriné_Kottra2011" class="citation book cs1">Csákváriné Kottra, Györgyi (2011). <i>Magyar zászlók a honfoglalástól napjainkig</i>. Budapest: Kossuth Kiadó. p. 99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-963-09-6494-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-963-09-6494-4"><bdi>978-963-09-6494-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magyar+z%C3%A1szl%C3%B3k+a+honfoglal%C3%A1st%C3%B3l+napjainkig&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=Kossuth+Kiad%C3%B3&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-963-09-6494-4&rft.aulast=Cs%C3%A1kv%C3%A1rin%C3%A9+Kottra&rft.aufirst=Gy%C3%B6rgyi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarján_M." class="citation web cs1">Tarján M., Tamás. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rubicon.hu/magyar/oldalak/1848_majus_16_a_batthyany_kormany_megalapitja_a_magyar_honvedsereget/">"1848. május 16. | A Batthyány-kormány megalapítja a magyar honvédsereget"</a>. <i>Rubicon</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rubicon&rft.atitle=1848.+m%C3%A1jus+16.+%7C+A+Batthy%C3%A1ny-korm%C3%A1ny+megalap%C3%ADtja+a+magyar+honv%C3%A9dsereget&rft.aulast=Tarj%C3%A1n+M.&rft.aufirst=Tam%C3%A1s&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rubicon.hu%2Fmagyar%2Foldalak%2F1848_majus_16_a_batthyany_kormany_megalapitja_a_magyar_honvedsereget%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHM_Igazgatási_és_Jogi_Főosztály1990" class="citation journal cs1">HM Igazgatási és Jogi Főosztály, ed. (5 May 1990). "A honvédelmi miniszter 2/1990. (III. 31.) 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=1000+%C3%A9v+t%C3%B6rv%C3%A9nyei&rft.atitle=1990.+%C3%A9vi+XVI.+t%C3%B6rv%C3%A9ny+a+Magyar+K%C3%B6zt%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g+Alkotm%C3%A1ny%C3%A1nak+m%C3%B3dos%C3%ADt%C3%A1s%C3%A1r%C3%B3l&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1000ev.hu%2Findex.php%3Fa%3D3%26param%3D8672&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parlament.hu/irom41/03621/03621.pdf">"Error"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Error&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parlament.hu%2Firom41%2F03621%2F03621.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714161415/http://jab.complex.hu/doc.php?docid=WKHU-QJ-XML-000000A1300097TV">"2013. évi XCVII. törvény a honvédségi adatkezelésről, az egyes honvédelmi kötelezettségek teljesítésével kapcsolatos katonai igazgatási feladatokról.Zrínyi 2026 is a plan,to enlarge the number military personers to 40.000"</a>. <i>CompLex Hatályos Jogszabályok Gyűjteménye</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CompLex+Hat%C3%A1lyos+Jogszab%C3%A1lyok+Gy%C5%B1jtem%C3%A9nye&rft.atitle=2013.+%C3%A9vi+XCVII.+t%C3%B6rv%C3%A9ny+a+honv%C3%A9ds%C3%A9gi+adatkezel%C3%A9sr%C5%91l%2C+az+egyes+honv%C3%A9delmi+k%C3%B6telezetts%C3%A9gek+teljes%C3%ADt%C3%A9s%C3%A9vel+kapcsolatos+katonai+igazgat%C3%A1si+feladatokr%C3%B3l.Zr%C3%ADnyi+2026+is+a+plan%2Cto+enlarge+the+number+military+personers+to+40.000.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjab.complex.hu%2Fdoc.php%3Fdocid%3DWKHU-QJ-XML-000000A1300097TV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111217152257/http://ekonyvtar.zrinyimedia.hu/container/files/attachments/24338/katonai_alapismeretek.pdf"><i>Katonai alapismeretek</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Budapest: Zrínyi Kiadó. 2010. p. 5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-963-327-490-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-963-327-490-3"><bdi>978-963-327-490-3</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ekonyvtar.zrinyimedia.hu/container/files/attachments/24338/katonai_alapismeretek.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-12-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(1823.1 / 348.9 (USD/HUF exch. rate) = $5.23 billion"</a>. 18 Jan 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Krist%C3%B3f+Szalay-Bobrovniczky+noted+that+together+with+the+National+Defence+Fund%2C+the+2024+defence+budget+passed+by+the+National+Assembly+includes+HUF+1823.1+billion.+%281823.1+%2F+348.9+%28USD%2FHUF+exch.+rate%29+%3D+%245.23+billion&rft.date=2024-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdefence.hu%2Fnews%2Fresources-necessary-for-hungary-s-defence-are-secured-in-times-of-war-as-well.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SIPRI-2019-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SIPRI-2019_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex">Stockholm International Peace Research Institute: Military Expenditure Database</a>, sipri.org, accessed 18 July 2020 (download data for all countries from 1949 to 2019 as an Excel spreadsheet).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2020115-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2020115_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIISS2020">IISS 2020</a>, p. 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hungarytoday.hu/hungary-focuses-on-military-improvement-to-meet-nato-requirements/">"Hungary Focuses on Military Improvement to Meet NATO Requirements"</a>. hungarytoday.hu. 25 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hungary+Focuses+on+Military+Improvement+to+Meet+NATO+Requirements&rft.pub=hungarytoday.hu&rft.date=2018-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhungarytoday.hu%2Fhungary-focuses-on-military-improvement-to-meet-nato-requirements%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enisa.europa.eu/about-enisa/structure-organization/national-liaison-office/meetings/june-2016/revised-hungarian-it-security-policy">"Revised Hungarian IT Security Policy"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Revised+Hungarian+IT+Security+Policy&rft.pub=National+Cyber+Security+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enisa.europa.eu%2Fabout-enisa%2Fstructure-organization%2Fnational-liaison-office%2Fmeetings%2Fjune-2016%2Frevised-hungarian-it-security-policy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mollo, Andrew, <i>The Armed Forces of World War II</i>, Crown, 1981, New York, p. 207. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-54478-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-54478-4">0-517-54478-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kozlonyok.hu/kozlonyok/Kozlonyok/13/PDF/2021/9.pdf">"Honvédelmi közlöny"</a> [National defense bulletin] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Honvédelmi közlöny</i> (in Hungarian) (Ministry of Hungarian Defence Forces): 1050–1051. 7 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Honv%C3%A9delmi+k%C3%B6zl%C3%B6ny&rft.atitle=Honv%C3%A9delmi+k%C3%B6zl%C3%B6ny&rft.issue=Ministry+of+Hungarian+Defence+Forces&rft.pages=1050-1051&rft.date=2021-09-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kozlonyok.hu%2Fkozlonyok%2FKozlonyok%2F13%2FPDF%2F2021%2F9.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurnbull2014" class="citation book cs1">Turnbull, Stephen (2014-06-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-JqHCwAAQBAJ&q=1566+the+largest+Ottoman+army+Szigetvar&pg=PT65"><i>The Ottoman Empire 1326–1699</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kongsberg.com&rft.atitle=Hungary+selects+Kongsberg+and+Raytheon+Missiles+%26+Defense+for+Medium+Range+Air+Defense&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kongsberg.com%2Fkda%2Fnews-and-media%2Fnews-archive%2F2020%2Fhungary-selects-kongsberg-and-raytheon-missiles--defense-for-medium-range-air-defense%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rheinmetall.ca/en/rheinmetall_canada/publicrelations_1/news_1/latest_news/index_3776.php">"Rheinmetall and IAI/ELTA to supply Hungary with advanced radar systems"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rheinmetall+and+IAI%2FELTA+to+supply+Hungary+with+advanced+radar+systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rheinmetall.ca%2Fen%2Frheinmetall_canada%2Fpublicrelations_1%2Fnews_1%2Flatest_news%2Findex_3776.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haborumuveszete.hu/minden-ami-lo/foldkozeli-celok-ellen">"Földközeli célok ellen"</a>. 7 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=F%C3%B6ldk%C3%B6zeli+c%C3%A9lok+ellen&rft.date=2017-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haborumuveszete.hu%2Fminden-ami-lo%2Ffoldkozeli-celok-ellen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neokohn.hu/2021/07/19/hungary-buys-israeli-rockets/">"Hungary buys Israeli rockets"</a>. 19 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hungary+buys+Israeli+rockets&rft.date=2021-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneokohn.hu%2F2021%2F07%2F19%2Fhungary-buys-israeli-rockets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/hungary-to-upgrade-gripens">"JANES - Hungary to upgrade Gripens"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JANES+-+Hungary+to+upgrade+Gripens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.janes.com%2Fdefence-news%2Fnews-detail%2Fhungary-to-upgrade-gripens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedefensepost.com/2021/12/21/hungary-iris-missile/">"Hungary to Acquire IRIS-T Air-to-Air Missiles"</a>. 21 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hungary+to+Acquire+IRIS-T+Air-to-Air+Missiles&rft.date=2021-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedefensepost.com%2F2021%2F12%2F21%2Fhungary-iris-missile%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.portfolio.hu/global/20220123/uj-gripeneket-vasarolhat-magyarorszag-de-meg-az-is-lehet-hogy-annal-valami-sokkal-jobb-jon-521673">"Új Gripeneket vásárolhat Magyarország, de még az is lehet, hogy annál valami sokkal jobb jön"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%9Aj+Gripeneket+v%C3%A1s%C3%A1rolhat+Magyarorsz%C3%A1g%2C+de+m%C3%A9g+az+is+lehet%2C+hogy+ann%C3%A1l+valami+sokkal+jobb+j%C3%B6n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.portfolio.hu%2Fglobal%2F20220123%2Fuj-gripeneket-vasarolhat-magyarorszag-de-meg-az-is-lehet-hogy-annal-valami-sokkal-jobb-jon-521673&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parlament.hu/documents/10181/4464848/Infojegyzet_2020_62_honvedsegi_missziok.pdf/9fe7c180-a8a9-8573-c1ed-754bca3e026a?t=1601625018866">"2020/62. Current Foreign Military Missions of the Hungarian Defence Forces"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(pdf)</span> (in Hungarian). 2020-10-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020%2F62.+Current+Foreign+Military+Missions+of+the+Hungarian+Defence+Forces&rft.date=2020-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parlament.hu%2Fdocuments%2F10181%2F4464848%2FInfojegyzet_2020_62_honvedsegi_missziok.pdf%2F9fe7c180-a8a9-8573-c1ed-754bca3e026a%3Ft%3D1601625018866&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIISS2020" class="citation book cs1">IISS (2020). <i>The Military Balance 2020</i>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0367466398" title="Special:BookSources/978-0367466398"><bdi>978-0367466398</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Military+Balance+2020&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0367466398&rft.au=IISS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+Defence+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Matei, Florina Cristiana. "The impact of NATO membership on military effectiveness: Hungary" In The Routledge handbook of civil-military relations, pp. 219–231. Routledge, 2013.</li> <li>Martinusz, Zoltan. "Defense Reform in Hungary: A Decade of Strenuous Efforts and Missed Opportunities." in Gyarmati & Winkler, eds., Post-Cold War Defense Reform: Lessons Learned in Europe and the United States (2002).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Defence_Forces&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hm.gov.hu/">The homepage of the Hungarian Ministry of Defence</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080523210618/http://www.hm.gov.hu/">Archived</a> 2008-05-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/view/nuclear-weapons-in-hungary/">Soviet Nuclear Weapons in Hungary 1961-1991</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hungary_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Hungary-related_articles" title="Index of Hungary-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hungary" title="History of Hungary">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_prehistory" title="Hungarian prehistory">Hungarian prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Pannonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Hungary" title="Principality of Hungary">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">High Medieval Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Late Medieval Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Hungarian_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman–Hungarian wars">Ottoman–Hungarian wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Habsburg Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1570%E2%80%931711)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)">Principality of Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi%27s_War_of_Independence" title="Rákóczi's War of Independence">Rákóczi's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_I" title="Hungary in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Hungarian_Republic" title="First Hungarian Republic">First Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Trianon" title="Treaty of Trianon">Treaty of Trianon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1920%E2%80%931946)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)">Interwar Kingdom of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_II" title="Hungary in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Hungarian_Republic" title="Second Hungarian Republic">Second Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Revolution of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hungary#Third_Republic_(since_1989)" title="History of Hungary">Third Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Hungary" title="History of Christianity in Hungary">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary#History_of_the_Hungarian_economy" title="Economy of Hungary">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Hungary" title="Military history of Hungary">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Hungary" title="List of wars involving Hungary">List of wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_dynasty" title="Árpád dynasty">Árpád dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">King</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_monarchs" title="List of Hungarian monarchs">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Crown_of_Hungary" title="Holy Crown of Hungary">Holy Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_of_Hungary" title="Regent of Hungary">Regent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hungary" title="Flag of Hungary">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Hungary" title="Coat of arms of Hungary">Coat of arms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hungary" title="Geography of Hungary">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Hungary" title="Administrative divisions of Hungary">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Hungary" title="Counties of Hungary">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_of_Hungary" title="List of cities and towns of Hungary">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Hungary" title="Climate of Hungary">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hungary#Extreme_points" title="Geography of Hungary">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geology_of_Hungary" title="Category:Geology of Hungary">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrology_of_Hungary" title="Hydrology of Hungary">Hydrology</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Hungary" title="List of islands of Hungary">Islands</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Hungary" title="List of lakes of Hungary">Lakes</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Hungary" title="List of rivers of Hungary">Rivers</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_Hungary" title="Category:Mountain ranges of Hungary">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Hungary" title="List of national parks of Hungary">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Hungary" title="List of regions of Hungary">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hungary" title="Politics of Hungary">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hungary" title="Government of Hungary">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Hungary" title="Constitution of Hungary">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hungary" title="Elections in Hungary">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hungary" title="Foreign relations of Hungary">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Hungary" title="Human rights in Hungary">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_intelligence_agencies" title="Category:Hungarian intelligence agencies">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Law_of_Hungary" title="Category:Law of Hungary">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Hungary" title="Law enforcement in Hungary">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_General_Staff_(Hungary)" title="Chief of General Staff (Hungary)">Chief of General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nationality_law" title="Hungarian nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="National Assembly (Hungary)">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="List of speakers of the National Assembly (Hungary)">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Hungary" title="List of political parties in Hungary">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Hungary" title="President of Hungary">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Hungary" title="List of heads of state of Hungary"><span style="font-size:85%;">list</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Hungary" title="List of prime ministers of Hungary"><span style="font-size:85%;">list</span></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary" title="Economy of Hungary">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary#Agriculture" title="Economy of Hungary">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Hungary" title="List of banks in Hungary">Banks</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Hungary" title="List of companies of Hungary">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Hungary" title="Energy in Hungary">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Forint </a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary#Industry" title="Economy of Hungary">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Hungary" title="Science and technology in Hungary">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Stock_Exchange" title="Budapest Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Hungary" title="Taxation in Hungary">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Hungary" title="Telecommunications in Hungary">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Hungary" title="Tourism in Hungary">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_in_Hungary" title="Category:Trade unions in Hungary">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Hungary" title="Transport in Hungary">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_Hungary" title="Unemployment in Hungary">Unemployment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Hungary" title="Category:Society of Hungary">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Hungarian_sentiment" title="Anti-Hungarian sentiment">Anti-Hungarian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Hungary" title="Crime in Hungary">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Hungary" title="Demographics of Hungary">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hungary" title="Education in Hungary">Education</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Hungary" title="List of universities and colleges in Hungary">Universities and colleges</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_policy_in_Hungary" title="Family policy in Hungary">Family policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Hungary" title="Health in Hungary">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Hungary" title="Healthcare in Hungary">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Hungary" title="Human trafficking in Hungary">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarians" title="Hungarians">Hungarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_diaspora" title="Hungarian diaspora">Hungarian diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_irredentism" title="Hungarian irredentism">Irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Hungary" title="International rankings of Hungary">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Hungary" title="Languages of Hungary">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Hungary">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hungary" title="Prostitution in Hungary">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Hungary" title="Public holidays in Hungary">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Hungary" title="Women in Hungary">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hungary" title="Culture of Hungary">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Hungary" title="Architecture of Hungary">Architecture</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Hungary" title="List of castles in Hungary">Castles</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_palaces_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="List of palaces in Hungary">Palaces and mansions</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_art" title="Hungarian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Hungary" title="Cinema of Hungary">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wine" title="Hungarian wine">Wine</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Hungary" title="Beer in Hungary">Beer</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_dishes" title="List of Hungarian dishes">Dishes</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_sausages" title="Hungarian sausages">Sausages</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Fashion_Week" title="Budapest Fashion Week">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_Hungary" title="Category:Festivals in Hungary">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_folklore" title="Category:Hungarian folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_inventions" title="Category:Hungarian inventions">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_literature" title="Hungarian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Hungary">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Hungary" title="Music of Hungary">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_names" title="Hungarian names">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hungary#Spa_culture" title="Culture of Hungary">Spa culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_at_the_Olympics" title="Hungary at the Olympics">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Hungary" title="National symbols of Hungary">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Hungary" title="Television in Hungary">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_Hungary" title="List of theatres in Hungary">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Hungary" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Hungary">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Hungary" title="Outline of Hungary">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Hungary-related_articles" title="Index of Hungary-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungary" title="Category:Hungary">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hungary" title="Portal:Hungary">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Military_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Military_of_Europe" title="Template:Military of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Military_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Military of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Military_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Military of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Military_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Military</a> of Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Armenia" title="Armed Forces of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Armed_Forces" title="Austrian Armed Forces">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Armed_Forces" title="Azerbaijani Armed Forces">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Belarus" title="Armed Forces of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Armed_Forces" title="Belgian Armed Forces">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Armed_Forces" title="Bulgarian Armed Forces">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Croatia" title="Armed Forces of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_National_Guard" title="Cypriot National Guard">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Army of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence" title="Danish Defence">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Defence_Forces" title="Estonian Defence Forces">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Forces" title="Finnish Defence Forces">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Forces_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Forces of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Armed_Forces" title="Hellenic Armed Forces">Greece</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_of_Iceland" title="Defence of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Forces_(Ireland)" title="Defence Forces (Ireland)">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Armed_Forces" title="Italian Armed Forces">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" title="Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_National_Armed_Forces" title="Latvian National Armed Forces">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Armed_Forces" title="Lithuanian Armed Forces">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Armed_Forces" title="Luxembourg Armed Forces">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Malta" title="Armed Forces of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" title="Armed Forces of the Republic of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Services_(Monaco)" title="Public Services (Monaco)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Montenegro" title="Armed Forces of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Armed_Forces" title="Netherlands Armed Forces">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_North_Macedonia" title="Army of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Armed_Forces" title="Norwegian Armed Forces">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Armed_Forces" title="Polish Armed Forces">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Armed_Forces" title="Portuguese Armed Forces">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Armed_Forces" title="Romanian Armed Forces">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_Armed_Forces" title="Sammarinese Armed Forces">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Armed_Forces" title="Serbian Armed Forces">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Armed_Forces" title="Slovak Armed Forces">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Armed_Forces" title="Slovenian Armed Forces">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces" title="Spanish Armed Forces">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Armed_Forces" title="Swedish Armed Forces">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Armed_Forces" title="Swiss Armed Forces">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_in_Vatican_City" title="Military in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Armed_Forces" title="Abkhazian Armed Forces">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Security_Force" title="Kosovo Security Force">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Forces_Command" title="Security Forces Command">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Transnistria" title="Armed Forces of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Europe" title="Military history of Europe">Military history of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_in_Europe_by_military_expenditures" title="List of countries in Europe by military expenditures">List of countries in Europe by military expenditures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_of_the_European_Union" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Template:Common Security and Defence Policy"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Template talk:Common Security and Defence Policy"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Common Security and Defence Policy"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_of_the_European_Union" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Common Security and Defence Policy</a> of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_General_of_the_European_Union_Military_Staff" title="Director General of the European Union Military Staff">Director General of the Military Staff/Director of the Military Planning and Conduct Capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Civilian_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Director of the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability">Director of the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_European_Union_Military_Committee" title="Chairman of the European Union Military Committee">Chairman of the Military Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">Foreign Affairs Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Structure of the Common Security and Defence Policy">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_External_Action_Service" title="European External Action Service">External Action Service</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Command structure on the civilian/military strategic and operational levels (<a href="/wiki/Military_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Military Planning and Conduct Capability">Military Planning and Conduct Capability</a> within the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Staff" title="European Union Military Staff">Military Staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civilian_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability">Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Support_Coordination_Cell" title="Joint Support Coordination Cell">Joint Support Coordination Cell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Intelligence_and_Situation_Centre" title="European Union Intelligence and Situation Centre">Intelligence and Situation Centre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Club_de_Berne" title="Club de Berne">Club de Berne</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_Management_and_Planning_Directorate_(European_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crisis Management and Planning Directorate (European Union)">Crisis Management and Planning Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Security_and_Defence_College" title="European Security and Defence College">Security & Defence College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/Agencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Agencies of the European Union">Agencies</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Defence_Agency" title="European Defence Agency">Defence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Institute_for_Security_Studies" title="European Union Institute for Security Studies">Institute for Security Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Satellite_Centre" title="European Union Satellite Centre">Satellite Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">Council</a> preparatory bodies</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Permanent_Representatives" title="Committee of Permanent Representatives">Committee of Permanent Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_and_Security_Committee" title="Political and Security Committee">Political and Security Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politico-Military_Group" title="Politico-Military Group">Politico-Military Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Committee" title="European Union Military Committee">Military Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Civilian_Aspects_of_Crisis_Management" title="Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management">Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> bodies</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Defence_Industry_and_Space" title="Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space">Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b>Funding</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Defence_Fund" title="European Defence Fund">Defence Fund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Security_Strategy" title="European Security Strategy">Security Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_but_Arms" title="Everything but Arms">Everything but Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Annual_Review_on_Defence" title="Coordinated Annual Review on Defence">Annual Review</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo navigation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Secure_Software-defined_Radio" title="European Secure Software-defined Radio">Secure Software-defined Radio</a> (PESCO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Decorations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_Service_Medal" title="Common Security and Defence Policy Service Medal">Service medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_Service_Medal" title="Common Security and Defence Policy Service Medal">Medal for Extraordinary Meritorious Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Community_Monitor_Mission_Medal" title="European Community Monitor Mission Medal">Monitor mission medal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Structured_Cooperation" title="Permanent Structured Cooperation">Permanent Structured Cooperation</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headline_Goal_2010" title="Headline Goal 2010">Headline Goal 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Erasmus" title="Military Erasmus">Military Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Mobility" title="Military Mobility">Military Mobility</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_European_Union_Intelligence_School" title="Joint European Union Intelligence School">Intelligence School</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortenberg_building" title="Kortenberg building">Kortenberg building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="European Union–NATO relations">NATO relations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Berlin_Plus_agreement" title="Berlin Plus agreement">Berlin Plus agreement</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joint_Declaration_on_EU-NATO_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joint Declaration on EU-NATO Cooperation (page does not exist)">Joint Declaration</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" title="Template:North Atlantic Treaty Organization"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" title="Template talk:North Atlantic Treaty Organization"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North Atlantic Treaty Organization"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Animus_in_consulendo_liber" title="Animus in consulendo liber">Animus in consulendo liber</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_NATO" title="Flag of NATO">Flag of NATO</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_NATO_Hymn" title="The NATO Hymn">The NATO Hymn</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_Day" title="NATO Day">NATO Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_Medal" title="NATO Medal">NATO Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_Star" title="NATO Star">NATO Star</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_NATO" title="History of NATO">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty" title="North Atlantic Treaty">North Atlantic Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_summit" title="NATO summit">Summits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_operations" title="List of NATO operations">Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_exercises" title="List of NATO exercises">List of exercises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_NATO" title="Enlargement of NATO">Enlargement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_NATO" title="Withdrawal from NATO">potential withdrawal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_NATO" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to NATO">Opposition to NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.nato" title=".nato">.nato Internet domain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_NATO" title="Structure of NATO">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NATO_headquarters" title="NATO headquarters">NATO headquarters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Council" title="North Atlantic Council">Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Staff" class="mw-redirect" title="International Staff">International Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Military_Staff" title="International Military Staff">International Military Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Powers_Europe" title="Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe">Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Air_Command" title="Allied Air Command">Air Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Land_Command" title="Allied Land Command">Land Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Maritime_Command" title="Allied Maritime Command">Maritime Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Joint_Force_Command_Brunssum" title="Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum">JFC Brunssum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Joint_Force_Command_Naples" title="Allied Joint Force Command Naples">JFC Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Force_Command_Norfolk" title="Joint Force Command Norfolk">JFC Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Support_and_Enabling_Command" title="Joint Support and Enabling Command">Joint Support and Enabling Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Striking_and_Support_Forces_NATO" title="Naval Striking and Support Forces NATO">STRIKFORNATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHAPE_International_Band" title="SHAPE International Band">SHAPE International Band</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Command_Transformation" title="Allied Command Transformation">Allied Command Transformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="NATO Parliamentary Assembly">Parliamentary Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standardization_agreement" title="Standardization agreement">Standardization agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_NATO" title="Secretary General of NATO">Secretary General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chair_of_the_NATO_Military_Committee" title="Chair of the NATO Military Committee">Chair of the Military Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander_Europe" title="Supreme Allied Commander Europe">Supreme Allied Commander Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Command_Transformation#Organization" title="Allied Command Transformation">Supreme Allied Commander Transformation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_NATO" title="Member states of NATO">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Armed_Forces" title="Belgian Armed Forces">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Armed_Forces" title="Bulgarian Armed Forces">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Croatia" title="Armed Forces of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Army of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence" title="Danish Defence">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Defence_Forces" title="Estonian Defence Forces">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Forces" title="Finnish Defence Forces">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Armed_Forces" title="Hellenic Armed Forces">Greece</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_of_Iceland" title="Defence of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Armed_Forces" title="Italian Armed Forces">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_National_Armed_Forces" title="Latvian National Armed Forces">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Armed_Forces" title="Lithuanian Armed Forces">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Armed_Forces" title="Luxembourg Armed Forces">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Montenegro" title="Armed Forces of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Armed_Forces" title="Netherlands Armed Forces">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_North_Macedonia" title="Army of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Armed_Forces" title="Norwegian Armed Forces">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Armed_Forces" title="Polish Armed Forces">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Armed_Forces" title="Portuguese Armed Forces">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Armed_Forces" title="Romanian Armed Forces">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Armed_Forces" title="Slovak Armed Forces">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Armed_Forces" title="Slovenian Armed Forces">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces" title="Spanish Armed Forces">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Armed_Forces" title="Swedish Armed Forces">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_NATO" title="Foreign relations of NATO">Multilateral relations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Treaty_Association" title="Atlantic Treaty Association">Atlantic Treaty Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro-Atlantic_Partnership_Council" title="Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council">Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Dialogue" title="Mediterranean Dialogue">Mediterranean Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individual_Partnership_Action_Plan" title="Individual Partnership Action Plan">Individual Partnership Action Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Cooperation_Initiative" title="Istanbul Cooperation Initiative">Istanbul Cooperation Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_non-NATO_ally" title="Major non-NATO ally">Major non-NATO ally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_global_partners" title="NATO global partners">NATO global partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_open_door_policy" title="NATO open door policy">Open door policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partnership_for_Peace" title="Partnership for Peace">Partnership for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="European Union–NATO relations">Relationship with the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Russia–NATO relations">Relationship with Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Controversy_in_Russia_regarding_the_legitimacy_of_eastward_NATO_expansion" title="Controversy in Russia regarding the legitimacy of eastward NATO expansion">eastward NATO expansion issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_Science_for_Peace_and_Security" title="NATO Science for Peace and Security">Science for Peace and Security</a> (SPS)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baghdad_Pact" class="mw-redirect" title="Baghdad Pact">Baghdad Pact</a> (METO/CENTO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Pact_(1953)" title="Balkan Pact (1953)">Balkan Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia_Treaty_Organization" title="Southeast Asia Treaty Organization">Southeast Asia Treaty Organization</a> (SEATO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwa%C5%82ki_Gap" title="Suwałki Gap">Suwałki Gap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161970#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161970#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161970#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404200050">ISNI</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td 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