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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh-cn" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-cn" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-cn" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh-cn"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-cn" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-cn" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-家族" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家族"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>家族</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-家族-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生平-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生平子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-早年" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早年"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>早年</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早年-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-鎮守南方" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#鎮守南方"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>镇守南方</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-鎮守南方-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-鎮守北方" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#鎮守北方"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>镇守北方</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-鎮守北方-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-晚年" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#晚年"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>晚年</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-晚年-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-軍政" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#軍政"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>军政</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-軍政-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关军政子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-軍政-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-針對倭寇" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#針對倭寇"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>针对倭寇</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-針對倭寇-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-針對蒙古" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#針對蒙古"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>针对蒙古</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-針對蒙古-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-著作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#著作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>著作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-著作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-家庭" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家庭"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>家庭</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-家庭-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地位" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地位"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>地位</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地位-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-纪念" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#纪念"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>纪念</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-纪念-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关纪念子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-纪念-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-纪念地" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#纪念地"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>纪念地</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-纪念地-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-影视作品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#影视作品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>影视作品</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-影视作品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-軍艦" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#軍艦"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>军舰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-軍艦-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參看" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參看"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>参看</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參看-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸閱讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閱讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閱讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">戚继光</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。24种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%89_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC" title="تشى جيجوانج – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تشى جيجوانج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9k_Gi%C3%A9-gu%C5%8Fng" title="Chék Gié-guŏng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chék Gié-guŏng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cchi_%C5%A4i-kuang" title="Čchi Ťi-kuang – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Čchi Ťi-kuang" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%27%D7%99_%D7%92%27%D7%99-%D7%92%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92" title="צ'י ג'י-גואנג – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צ'י ג'י-גואנג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%B6%99%E5%85%89" title="戚継光 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="戚継光" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%99%EA%B3%84%EA%B4%91" title="척계광 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="척계광" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ци Цзигуан – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ци Цзигуан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="ชี จี้กวัง – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชี จี้กวัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Qi Jiguang" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%96_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ці Цзігуан – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ці Цзігуан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%ADch_K%E1%BA%BF_Quang" title="Thích Kế Quang – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thích Kế Quang" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" title="戚继光 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="戚继光" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89" title="戚繼光 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="戚繼光" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhek_K%C3%A8-kong" title="Chhek Kè-kong – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhek Kè-kong" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89" title="戚繼光 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="戚繼光" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q439768#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">大陆简体</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="selected ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&oldid=84303558" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&id=84303558&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fzh-cn%2F%25E6%2588%259A%25E7%25BB%25A7%25E5%2585%2589"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fzh-cn%2F%25E6%2588%259A%25E7%25BB%25A7%25E5%2585%2589"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印版本</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Qi_Jiguang" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89" hreflang="zh"><span>维基语录</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E6%88%9A%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89" hreflang="zh"><span>维基文库</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q439768" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-GA" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BC%98%E8%89%AF%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="这是一篇优良条目，点击此处获取更多信息。"><img alt="这是一篇优良条目，点击此处获取更多信息。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/24px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/36px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/48px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84560819">.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border:0;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox bordered vcard" style="width: 21em; font-size: 89%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="color: #000; background-color: #FFFFDD; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">戚继光</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Qi_Jiguang_Portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="戚继光画像"><img alt="戚继光画像" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Qi_Jiguang_Portrait.jpg/200px-Qi_Jiguang_Portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Qi_Jiguang_Portrait.jpg/300px-Qi_Jiguang_Portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Qi_Jiguang_Portrait.jpg/400px-Qi_Jiguang_Portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="979" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">戚继光画像</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:center;background:#CDDBE8; color: #000; font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;">大明少保兼太子太保左都督</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">籍贯</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="山东">山东</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E" title="登州">登州</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">族裔</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">汉族</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">字号</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">元敬</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">谥号</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">武毅</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96" title="嘉靖">嘉靖</a>七年闰十月初一日<br />（1528年11月12日）<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="济南">济南</a>城南鲁桥<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:120</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%86" class="mw-redirect" title="万历">万历</a>十五年十二月二十日<br />（1588年1月17日）（59岁）<br />登州</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">亲属</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="org">父亲戚景通<br />弟戚继美<br />妻王氏<br />妾陈氏、沈氏、杨氏<br />儿子戚祚国、戚安国、戚昌国、戚报国、戚兴国</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #CFCFCF; text-align: center;">出身</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size: 90%;text-align: left;">1549年<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E8%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="武举">武举</a>人</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #CFCFCF; text-align: center;">经历</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size: 90%;text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="福建">福建</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%85%B5" title="总兵">总兵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%8A%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="蓟州">蓟州</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%85%B5" title="总兵">总兵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%86%9B%E9%83%BD%E7%9D%A3%E5%BA%9C" title="左军都督府">左都督</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #CFCFCF; text-align: center;">著作</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size: 90%;text-align: left;">《<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E6%95%88%E6%96%B0%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="纪效新书">纪效新书</a>》<br />《练兵实记》<br />《止止堂记》</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>戚继光</b>（1528年11月12日—1588年1月17日），字<b>元敬</b>，号<b>南塘</b>、<b>孟诸</b>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="山东">山东</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E" title="登州">登州</a>人，<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a>将领。戚继光出身<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E6%88%B6" title="军户">军户</a>，奉命戍守<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="浙江">浙江</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="福建">福建</a>十多年，招募士兵组成<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E5%AE%B6%E5%86%9B" title="戚家军">戚家军</a>，练兵严格，军法严厉，创立新战术，注重武艺训练，多次击败<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E5%AF%87" title="倭寇">倭寇</a>，肃清闽浙的倭乱，战迹彪炳，从<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E5%B0%87" title="参将">参将</a>多番转迁，升任福建<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%85%B5" title="总兵">总兵</a>。后来戚继光受命镇守北方边境防范<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙古">蒙古</a>，得到<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E8%BC%94" class="mw-redirect" title="首辅">首辅</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%B1%85%E6%AD%A3" title="张居正">张居正</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B5%E9%83%A8%E5%B0%9A%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="兵部尚书">兵部尚书</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%9A%E7%B6%B8" title="谭纶">谭纶</a>的信任，担任<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%8A%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="蓟州">蓟州</a>总兵十四年，重修<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="长城">长城</a>，建造塔楼加强防务，官拜<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%86%9B%E9%83%BD%E7%9D%A3%E5%BA%9C" title="左军都督府">左都督</a>，加封<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="少保">少保</a>兼<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%AD%90%E5%A4%AA%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="太子太保">太子太保</a>，地位显赫。张居正过世后，戚继光屡次被参劾，退休回乡，晚境凄凉。 </p><p>戚继光兵书著称于后世，著有《<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E6%95%88%E6%96%B0%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="纪效新书">纪效新书</a>》与《练兵实纪》，详细记述其行军练兵的经验与战术。后世也将戚继光誉为抗倭功臣、一代名将。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="家族"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E6.97.8F"></span>家族</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：家族"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>戚继光出生于军户家庭，六世祖戚详是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="安徽">安徽</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E8%BF%9C%E5%8E%BF" title="定远县">定远县</a>人，跟随<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋">朱元璋</a>作战，1382年左右战死于<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B2%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="云南">云南</a>，追授世袭<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="山东">山东</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E%E5%8D%AB" title="登州卫">登州卫</a>指挥<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%89%E4%BA%8B" title="佥事">佥事</a>。戚继光父亲戚景通承袭祖职，1528年55岁时生下戚继光，1535年升任京师<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%9C%BA%E8%90%A5_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="神机营 (明朝)">神机营</a>副将。戚继光弟弟戚继美也从军，1582年任职<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="贵州">贵州</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%85%B5" title="总兵">总兵</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:307、311</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早年"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E5.B9.B4"></span>早年</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：早年"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>戚继光年少时自父亲戚景通学习诗书礼仪和兵法战略，1544年父亲过世，戚继光承职父职。1548年至1552年间，他奉命率领<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E%E5%8D%AB" title="登州卫">登州卫</a>所士兵远戍北京东北的蓟门，春去秋归，每年一次。1549年，他考中山东<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E8%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="武举">武举</a>，次年入京<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E8%A9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="会试">会试</a>落第，因事暂留京城。当时正逢蒙古入侵，进逼<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="北京">北京</a>，戚继光参与守城，并上书<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E4%B8%96%E5%AE%97" title="明世宗">明世宗</a>，陈述与蒙古作战与防御对方再次入侵的方略<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:307</sup>。当时戚继光获<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%83" title="计士元">计士元</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%91%A4_(%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E9%80%B2%E5%A3%AB)" title="刘瑶 (嘉靖进士)">刘瑶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E9%B6%9A" title="阮鹗">阮鹗</a>等多位官员举荐，颇孚众望<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:134-135</sup>。1553年戚继光26岁时，获任命为山东都指挥<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%89%E4%BA%8B" title="佥事">佥事</a>，负责防范山东沿海的<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E5%AF%87" title="倭寇">倭寇</a>。他严格执行军纪，严惩不听令的部下，以纪律严明著称。<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:307-308</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="鎮守南方"><span id=".E9.8E.AE.E5.AE.88.E5.8D.97.E6.96.B9"></span>镇守南方</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：镇守南方"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wuyi_Shan_Fengjing_Mingsheng_Qu_2012.08.22_17-09-36.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wuyi_Shan_Fengjing_Mingsheng_Qu_2012.08.22_17-09-36.jpg/220px-Wuyi_Shan_Fengjing_Mingsheng_Qu_2012.08.22_17-09-36.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wuyi_Shan_Fengjing_Mingsheng_Qu_2012.08.22_17-09-36.jpg/330px-Wuyi_Shan_Fengjing_Mingsheng_Qu_2012.08.22_17-09-36.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Wuyi_Shan_Fengjing_Mingsheng_Qu_2012.08.22_17-09-36.jpg/440px-Wuyi_Shan_Fengjing_Mingsheng_Qu_2012.08.22_17-09-36.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>1567年，戚继光应召北上，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="武夷山脉">武夷山</a>留下的<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B4%96" class="mw-redirect" title="摩崖">摩崖</a>题刻</figcaption></figure> <p>1553至1566年，是东南沿海<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E5%AF%87" title="倭寇">倭寇</a>为祸最烈的时期<sup id="cite_ref-鄭_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:17</sup>。当时浙江倭寇肆虐，朝廷选派有才能的将领前往浙江，增强当地军力<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:308</sup>。1555年，戚继光调任<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="浙江">浙江</a>，担任浙江都司佥书，负责<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%AF%E7%94%B0%E5%8F%B8" title="屯田司">屯田</a>事宜，次年受浙江<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="总督">总督</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%AE%97%E6%86%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="胡宗宪">胡宗宪</a>赏识，升任<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E5%B0%87" title="参将">参将</a><sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:128</sup>，负责防御<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E5%A1%98%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="钱塘江">钱塘江</a>以东地区，并支援<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="宁波">宁波</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B9%E8%88%88" class="mw-redirect" title="绍兴">绍兴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="台州">台州</a>三府。他与台州知府<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%9A%E7%B6%B8" title="谭纶">谭纶</a>一同训练当地军队对抗倭寇。谭纶很赏识戚继光，从此一直把戚继光留在左右。戚继光计划训练<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%89%E5%8B%87" title="乡勇">乡勇</a>以抵御倭寇，得到<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%AE%97%E6%86%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="胡宗宪">胡宗宪</a>批准后，他开始招兵，1557年，在绍兴招募了三千多人进行训练。1558年，戚继光在<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%9F%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="舟山群岛">舟山群岛</a>抵抗<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E7%9B%B4_(%E6%B5%B7%E5%95%86)" title="汪直 (海商)">王直</a>养子<sup id="cite_ref-牟_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-牟-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:545</sup>，没有成功。他发现将城市人训练为精兵实在困难，决定只训练农村青年<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:308</sup>。1559年，官兵进攻浙江<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%91%E6%B8%AF%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93" title="岑港街道">岑港</a>的倭寇巢穴，久而无功，戚继光和俞大猷虽然没有参与战斗，却被降职，受令限一个月内荡平岑港，否则带至京城问罪<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:128-129</sup>。之后戚继光受命负责训练来自<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E7%83%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="义乌">义乌</a>的三千多名志愿者，创立新的阵形“鸳鸯阵”<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:308</sup>。戚继光有感当时官兵漫无纪律，犹如乌合之众，旗号犹如儿戏，练兵特别注重军纪、战术、战技、侦察及培养士兵的战斗精神<sup id="cite_ref-鄭_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:180、186、188</sup>。这支军队后来以戚家军闻名，有效打击倭寇<sup id="cite_ref-牟_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-牟-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:546</sup>。 </p><p>1560年3月，戚继光恢复参将职位，统辖台州、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%B4%E5%B7%9E_(%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F)" class="mw-redirect" title="严州 (浙江)">严州</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%8F%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="金华">金华</a>三地军务，继续训练士兵。次年，倭寇大举入侵台州沿海，戚继光领兵抗击，一个月内九战九胜，倭寇几乎全部歼灭，而戚家军伤亡极少。立功后，戚继光升任为<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E6%8C%87%E6%8F%AE%E4%BD%BF" title="都指挥使">都指挥使</a>，名声大震，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="江西">江西</a>官员向朝廷要求派他前往江西镇压叛乱。1561年11月，他率兵前往江西，不出一个月就凯旋，江西人见识到一支纪律严明、给养充足，领导有方、作战有素、富有默契的军队<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:309</sup>。1557年倭寇首领<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E7%9B%B4_(%E6%B5%B7%E5%95%86)" title="汪直 (海商)">王直</a>被捕后，余党由舟山群岛南迁，为祸福建和广东<sup id="cite_ref-鄭_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:152</sup>。1562年6月，戚继光率军援救<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="福建">福建</a>以抵御倭寇，多次战胜后返回浙江。12月，倭寇援兵大量抵达，攻陷福建各地，包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB" title="平海卫">平海卫</a>城和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%BA%9C" title="兴化府">兴化府</a>城<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:309</sup>。倭寇之乱以来，这是第一次连府城也沦陷，远近震动<sup id="cite_ref-鄭_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:204</sup>。次年初，戚继光获任命为副总兵，负责福建北部沿海防务；谭纶获任命为<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A1%E6%92%AB" title="巡抚">巡抚</a>，提督福建军务。二人齐心协力，重挫倭寇，在5月时收复平海和兴化<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:309</sup>，并摧毁倭寇在福建沿海最后的基地<sup id="cite_ref-牟_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-牟-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:547</sup>。 </p><p>1563年，戚继光升任为都督<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%9F%A5" title="同知">同知</a>，年底被召回福建，升任<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%85%B5" title="总兵">总兵</a>，统领闽浙两省军务。次年追击在福建与倭寇勾结的寇贼吴平，一直追至广东<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:125-126</sup>。戚家军是长胜部队，胜利纪录无出其右。其他官兵几个月都无法解决的倭寇据点，戚家军可以在几小时内攻克<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:155、157</sup>。戚继光平倭有功，不仅取决于训练精良，还在于守备有方，能与其他官员齐心合力。他从受倭寇侵略的地区招募乡勇，并在当地知县支持下，给予乡兵丰厚军饷。由于训练有素，士兵勇敢作战，不会胆怯退缩。戚继光和福建巡抚谭纶和<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A3%E8%BB%8D" title="监军">监军</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E9%81%93%E6%98%86" title="汪道昆">汪道昆</a>密切配合，到1567年，已将福建沿海倭寇肃清<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:309</sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="鎮守北方"><span id=".E9.8E.AE.E5.AE.88.E5.8C.97.E6.96.B9"></span>镇守北方</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：镇守北方"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qijiguang_badaling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Qijiguang_badaling.jpg/250px-Qijiguang_badaling.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Qijiguang_badaling.jpg/375px-Qijiguang_badaling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Qijiguang_badaling.jpg/500px-Qijiguang_badaling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1292" data-file-height="1336" /></a><figcaption>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%81%94%E5%B6%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="八达岭">八达岭</a>的戚继光像</figcaption></figure> <p>明朝开始重视北方边防，戚继光被召到北京，负责到京城北部训练军队。离开闽浙前，他把自己出色的旧部皆委以军事重任。1567年戚继光到达北京后，获任命为<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%81%E8%BB%8D" title="禁军">禁军</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%9C%BA%E8%90%A5_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="神机营 (明朝)">神机营</a>副将，这是他父亲曾担任过的职位。他自觉无用武之地，请求负责<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%8A%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="蓟州">蓟州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BC%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="辽东">辽东</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="昌平">昌平</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="保定">保定</a>地区的防务。谭纶比戚继光先入京，担任<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%9F%E8%BE%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%9D%A3" title="蓟辽总督">蓟辽总督</a>，极力推荐戚继光。1568年5月，戚继光受命总理蓟州、昌平和保定三地防务，次年又兼任蓟州<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%85%B5" title="总兵">总兵</a>。1570年，谭纶由蓟辽总督转任<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B5%E9%83%A8%E5%B0%9A%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="兵部尚书">兵部尚书</a>，戚继光则仍留守蓟州，其后辅佐了四任<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E7%9D%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="总督">总督</a>。戚继光训练一支作战有方的军队，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%B1%85%E6%AD%A3" title="张居正">张居正</a>和谭纶辖下严密布防<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:310</sup>。张居正对戚继光十份信任，指示他要保持边境和平，不要主动进攻<sup id="cite_ref-牟_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-牟-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:567</sup>，而戚继光自己则其实想采取攻势<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:164</sup>。1571年明朝与蒙古订立和约。与在沿海平定倭寇相比，戚继光守卫长城抵御蒙古人的十五年间，可谓平静许多。他从一名战略指挥转型为一位军务管理者。他请求征调一些他在浙江时的旧部<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:310</sup>，朝廷批准把他在浙江训练的士兵调到蓟州，最初员额为三千人，后来扩充至二万。由于北方士兵质素极不理想，戚继光还是主要信赖来自南方的旧部<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:159、161</sup>。1573年，蒙古<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%A0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="土蛮">土蛮</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%BA%E7%AD%94" class="mw-redirect" title="俺答">俺答</a>曾侵犯边境，戚继光领兵截击。蒙古人因畏于戚继光守边，此后不敢再进犯蓟州<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:126</sup>。 </p><p>戚继光屡受封赏，1570年，他获任命为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B3%E8%BB%8D%E9%83%BD%E7%9D%A3%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="右军都督府">右都督</a>，1571年<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="长城">长城</a>塔楼基本竣工，他接任世袭<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E%E5%8D%AB" title="登州卫">登州卫</a>千户。1574年，升任明朝最高军职<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%86%9B%E9%83%BD%E7%9D%A3%E5%BA%9C" title="左军都督府">左都督</a>，七年后加封<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A6%E8%A1%A3%E8%A1%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="锦衣卫">锦衣卫</a>百户、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="少保">少保</a>兼<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%AD%90%E5%A4%AA%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="太子太保">太子太保</a>。戚继光到任前，蓟州十五年间换了八任总兵，而戚继光担任蓟州总兵则长达14年之久，除了因为他有军事才干外，也因为他在朝廷有兵部尚书谭纶及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E8%BC%94" class="mw-redirect" title="首辅">首辅</a>张居正为后盾。<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:310-311</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="晚年"><span id=".E6.99.9A.E5.B9.B4"></span>晚年</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：晚年"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1582年张居正逝世，戚继光因与张居正关系密切而得罪<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E7%A5%9E%E5%AE%97" title="明神宗">明神宗</a>。大臣提醒明神宗，戚继光是宫门外的猛兽，只听命于张居正，别人无法节制<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:142、168</sup>。张居正逝世后不到六个月，戚继光遭受弹劾而被罢免，回到<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E" title="登州">登州</a><sup id="cite_ref-富_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:311</sup>，后来调为广东<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%85%B5" title="总兵">总兵</a>，官阶依旧，但失去了拱卫京师的重要地位。1585年他被参劾，被明神宗免职<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:165</sup>。戚继光罢官居家后，很少朋友仍然和他来往。他积蓄甚少，晚年一贫如洗，甚至医药费不继<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:165-166</sup>。1588年，有<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A3%E5%AF%9F%E5%BE%A1%E5%8F%B2" title="监察御史">监察御史</a>上疏建议重新起用戚继光，受明神宗驳回和责罚。3个月后，<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:142</sup>戚继光在登州家中辞世，死后<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E9%81%93%E6%98%86" title="汪道昆">汪道昆</a>为他撰写墓志铭<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:311</sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="軍政"><span id=".E8.BB.8D.E6.94.BF"></span>军政</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：军政"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="針對倭寇"><span id=".E9.87.9D.E5.B0.8D.E5.80.AD.E5.AF.87"></span>针对倭寇</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：针对倭寇"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_mandarin_duck_formation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/New_mandarin_duck_formation.jpg/300px-New_mandarin_duck_formation.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/New_mandarin_duck_formation.jpg/450px-New_mandarin_duck_formation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/New_mandarin_duck_formation.jpg/600px-New_mandarin_duck_formation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1246" /></a><figcaption>鸳鸯阵图示</figcaption></figure> <p>戚继光在浙江建立戚家军，建军方案有条不紊，他宣布招兵方法，规定月饷数额，拟定职务分配的原则，确定官兵的职责，统一武器规格，颁发旗帜金鼓以便通讯等等。他确立严厉军法，实行<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E5%9D%90" title="连坐">连坐</a>法，一人退却则一人斩首，全队退却则队长斩首，队长殉职而全队退却则全队斩首<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:144</sup>。士兵由此培养出同生死、共胜败的精神<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:308</sup>。士兵擅自离开小便会被罚以割去耳朵。戚继光治军赏罚分明，其部下每人年饷银10两<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:151、171</sup>，军饷大体与农村短工收入相等，但另设重赏，一个敌人首级赏额白银30两。他只招募农民而不收城市人，因后者多狡猾无赖，不能奋勇杀敌，往往临阵逃脱。凡脸色白晢，眼神轻灵、动作轻快的人一概摈诸门外<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:155</sup>。 </p><p>1559年，戚继光在浙江练兵时创立“鸳鸯阵”，每队由12名士兵组成<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:308</sup>，分工合作，密切配合。在不同战情或地形下，一队可以一分为二。每队队长一人，伙兵一人，战士十人，其中四人操长<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8D" title="枪">枪</a>，为攻击主力，前面有四名士兵，右方士兵持大而长的<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E7%89%8C" title="藤牌">藤牌</a>，左方士兵持小而圆的藤牌，之后有两名士兵手执<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%BC%E7%AD%85" title="狼筅">狼筅</a>。长枪手之后，有二名士兵带<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%82%E9%88%80" title="镋钯">镋钯</a>。右方持大藤牌的士兵，主要任务是保持既得位置，稳定本队阵脚，左边持圆藤牌的士兵则要匍匐而进，在牌后掷出标枪，引诱敌人离开有利防御的位置。如果引诱成功，后面两个士兵以狼筅扫倒敌人，然后让手持长枪的伙伴一跃而上刺死敌人。手持镋钯的士兵则负责保护本队后方，警戒侧翼，必要时支持前方伙伴，构成第二线的攻击力。鸳鸯阵同时配备长兵器和短兵器，接战时，长12尺的长枪是有效的攻击武器，但必须和敌人保持相当距离，如果敌人已进入枪杆距离之内，长枪即形同作废<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:152-153</sup>。手持狼筅的士兵不需特别技术，只要臂力够大就胜任<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:155</sup>。当时明军士兵的长枪常被倭寇用<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E5%88%80" title="倭刀">倭刀</a>砍断，戚继光为了对付倭刀，便采用以竹竿所制、坚硬的狼筅，效果甚佳。此后明军开始普遍使用这种兵器<sup id="cite_ref-篠_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-篠-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:105</sup>。戚继光很重视倭刀的威力，也给自己的军队装备了倭刀<sup id="cite_ref-篠_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-篠-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:44</sup>。 </p><p>戚继光训练的部队，分为营、总、官、哨、队五级，十二人为一队，四队为一哨，四哨为一官，四官为一总，四总为一营，一营将士3072人。实战时，视乎敌人多寡强弱，随时调整，有时四级，有时三级<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:136</sup>。他严格训练士兵的武艺，要士兵互相切磋，练习跑步以锻练体力；训练时要士兵操持较重的武器，使他们上阵时使用兵器更为纯熟<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:147</sup>。他深知倭寇战斗力强，要以五对一的优势迎敌。戚继光为部下配备少数<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E9%93%B3" title="火铳">火铳</a>与火炮<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:308-309</sup>，他知道火器的威力，但在实战中不依赖火器。当时明朝所造的<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E9%8A%83" title="鸟铳">鸟铳</a>品质太差，铳管常会炸裂，以致士兵提心吊胆，不敢双手握铳以作瞄准，有的铅弹与火炮口径尺寸不合，有的火炮<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%BC%E7%81%AB%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="导火线">导火线</a>无法燃点。因此戚继光只把火器应用于有限范围。后来他为每队步兵配备<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E9%8A%83" title="鸟铳">鸟铳</a>二枝<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:153-154</sup>，规定铳手必须出发前领取足够弹药，临阵时假称用完弹药，以畏敌论罪<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:148</sup>。 </p><p>明朝官员对应在陆上还是在海上迎击倭寇意见分歧，戚继光倾向在陆上迎敌，他建立三层防御体系，在福建沿海小岛建立哨站，大军戍守主要城市，他自己则指挥一支高度机动的军队，一闻警报便立即赶赴<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:309</sup>。他在城镇四面重要路口设下哨兵，每处三或五人，日夜值班，遇有敌情，以火铳和火把作出警报，警戒严密，使敌人无法突袭<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:139</sup>。戚继光作战时顾虑精密，临阵前两三天，戚继光就派兵侦察敌情，要每两小时报告一次。地图用红黑两色绘制，有时甚至用泥土塑成地形模型。他以一串740粒珠子的捻珠计时，以掌握准确时间<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:156</sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="針對蒙古"><span id=".E9.87.9D.E5.B0.8D.E8.92.99.E5.8F.A4"></span>针对蒙古</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：针对蒙古"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Wall_of_China.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Great_Wall_of_China.jpeg/250px-Great_Wall_of_China.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Great_Wall_of_China.jpeg/375px-Great_Wall_of_China.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Great_Wall_of_China.jpeg/500px-Great_Wall_of_China.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1784" data-file-height="1176" /></a><figcaption>戚继光加固蓟州一带<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="长城">长城</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>在蓟州防守时，戚继光引入战车以对付蒙古骑兵。这种战车的车箱没有箱板，而是有八片可以折叠的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%8F%E9%A2%A8" title="屏风">屏风</a>，共长15尺（5米），平时放在车辕上，作战时打开树立在一边车轮之后。几十辆战车可以并肩衔接，摆成或圆或方的防御据点。一辆战车装备大口径火枪“<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%9C%97%E6%A9%9F%E7%82%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="佛朗机炮">佛朗机</a>”两门，以青铜或铁铸，长三至七尺不等，口径小于二寸，从炮口装入铅弹，最大型的佛朗机射程为二千尺（大约600米）。佛朗机和<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E9%8A%83" title="鸟铳">鸟铳</a>都在战车上屏风后开火，屏风开洞作为铅弹出口，敌军进入250尺或500尺范围才开火<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:161、173</sup>。士兵20人配备战车一辆，其中10人直接附属战车，施放佛朗机<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:161</sup>，另外10人是“杀手”，以<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E7%89%8C" title="藤牌">藤牌</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%82%E9%88%80" title="镋钯">镋钯</a>和长刀迎敌。杀手和战车距离保持在25尺以内，杀手前进，战车也随之推进。其他步兵仍使用鸳鸯阵，稍有差异的是藤牌手应匍匐前进斩砍敌人马脚，长<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8D" title="枪">枪</a>手则挑刺敌军使之堕马，竹制的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%BC%E7%AD%85" title="狼筅">狼筅</a>部分已改为铁制。迎敌时骑兵先在前方阻挡敌人，让战车有充裕时间组成作战队形。敌军逼近，骑兵就退入战车阵内。军中也可能携带大炮，俗称“大将军”，重一千斤，以骡车装运，放炮时须用大木楔入地面加以固定，不用弹丸，而是以小铁球和石块充填，作用是近距离大量杀伤敌军人马。火器发挥威力后，步兵就从战车后冲出攻击，以喇叭声音协同动作。当敌人攻势受挫，队形散乱，骑兵就从战车后出击。这套战术因明朝与蒙古人议和，实战经验无多<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:162</sup>。1571年，戚继光上奏请求设立车营，四人推车一辆，作战时结成<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E9%99%A3_(%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B)" title="方阵 (军事)">方阵</a>，骑兵步兵处于其中。他又制作<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%92%E9%A6%AC" title="拒马">拒马</a>器，轻巧便利，可遏止敌骑的来袭<sup id="cite_ref-鄭a_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:126</sup>。 </p><p>戚继光提议修筑<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="长城">长城</a>。北京一带“边墙”原本为明初大将<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94" title="徐达">徐达</a>所筑，戚继光建议增造堡垒，最初计划以250人组成一营，每营一年内要建造堡垒70座，蓟州全境共建造三千座。后来朝廷批准施工1200座，工程绵延十载才竣工。堡垒标准规格是三层，台顶方12尺，可驻守30至50士兵，建筑材料砖石灰泥主要由北方士兵自制，筑成后，主要由南兵把守。<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:163</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="著作"><span id=".E8.91.97.E4.BD.9C"></span>著作</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：著作"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Langzian.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Langzian.jpg/220px-Langzian.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Langzian.jpg/330px-Langzian.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Langzian.jpg/440px-Langzian.jpg 2x" data-file-width="791" data-file-height="1206" /></a><figcaption>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E6%95%88%E6%96%B0%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="纪效新书">纪效新书</a>》书影</figcaption></figure> <p>1560年戚继光在浙江时，将练兵方法写成《<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E6%95%88%E6%96%B0%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="纪效新书">纪效新书</a>》18卷，1562年由他本人初刊。在筹备蓟州防务期间，他编纂了《练兵实纪》9卷及《练兵杂记》6卷，总吉他在蓟州练兵和守边的经验，1571年初刊。戚继光文集《止止堂集》于1580年左右刊印，除了收录他的兵书外，还包括其杂记《愚愚稿》2卷和诗文集《横槊稿》3卷<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:309-311</sup>。其《纪效新书》及《止止堂集》都得到当时文坛领袖<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%96%E8%B2%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="王世贞">王世贞</a>作序。戚继光的诗歌给人拘束和平庸的感觉，以当时武官标准来说，其文章造诣仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9E%E5%A4%A7%E7%8C%B7" title="俞大猷">俞大猷</a><sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:164-165</sup>。后来戚继光的兵书多次被删节或修改，以别名刊印，如《莅戎要略》或《长子心钤》。他的一些重要奏章收录于<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%AD%90%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="陈子龙">陈子龙</a>的《<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E6%98%8E%E7%B6%93%E4%B8%96%E6%96%87%E7%B7%A8" title="皇明经世文编">皇明经世文编</a>》，另有些奏章和诗词收集于其子戚祚国为他所编的年谱<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:311-312</sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="家庭"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E5.BA.AD"></span>家庭</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：家庭"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>戚继光在1545年结婚，相当惧内；其妻性情豪迈，1561年曾率兵守卫一个被倭寇包围的要塞。婚后戚继光一直没有子嗣，1563年后他瞒着夫人<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:311</sup>，娶妾三人，生子五人，直到儿子长大成人，其夫人都不知道他们的存在。戚继光去世前，其夫人离弃了他<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:166</sup>。长子戚祚国生于1567年，三子戚昌国生于1573年，曾任职京城<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A6%E8%A1%A3%E8%A1%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="锦衣卫">锦衣卫</a><sup id="cite_ref-富_2-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:311</sup>。传说戚继光第二子因违犯军法而被他处死<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:151</sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地位"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E4.BD.8D"></span>地位</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：地位"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qi_jiguang.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Qi_jiguang.JPG/220px-Qi_jiguang.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Qi_jiguang.JPG/330px-Qi_jiguang.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Qi_jiguang.JPG/440px-Qi_jiguang.JPG 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="福州">福州</a>戚继光像</figcaption></figure> <p>戚继光被视为明朝当时最有才能的将领，和他同时的将领，没有人能建立如此辉煌的功业<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:142、165</sup>。他获封<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="少保">少保</a>兼<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%AD%90%E5%A4%AA%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="太子太保">太子太保</a>，在明代，只有四名武官获得比他地位更高的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%82%85" title="太傅">太傅</a>头衔，他也是在明代唯一一位获封少保的布衣官员。戚继光卒后30年，朝廷追谥他为“武毅”，在他任职之地都建有祠堂以示纪念，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%BA%9C" title="兴化府">兴化府</a>就有三所。1630年，戚继光儿子戚昌国上书请求为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="台州">台州</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89%E7%A5%A0_(%E5%8F%B0%E5%B7%9E)" title="戚继光祠 (台州)">戚公祠</a>赐名，<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%80%9D%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="明思宗">明思宗</a>赐其名为“表忠祠”。戚继光肃清福建的倭寇，当地人在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E6%B8%85%E5%8E%BF" title="福清县">福清县</a>修建戚公祠。1733年戚公祠重修，1937年日军侵华时再次重修<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:309-311</sup>。《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》以他和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9E%E5%A4%A7%E7%8C%B7" title="俞大猷">俞大猷</a>相比，认为他的操行不如俞大猷，但更为果敢刚毅<sup id="cite_ref-黃_5-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-黃-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:166</sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E4%B8%96%E5%87%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="袁世凯">袁世凯</a>推崇戚继光为中国军事英雄。戚继光的兵书被视为兵法经典，多次刊印，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E5%9C%8B%E8%97%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="曾国藩">曾国藩</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A3%E4%BB%8B%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="蒋介石">蒋介石</a>都强调戚继光兵书对行军打仗很重要，蒋介石称其书是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E6%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="孙武">孙子</a>以后最好的兵书<sup id="cite_ref-富_2-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-富-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:311-312</sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="纪念"><span id=".E7.BA.AA.E5.BF.B5"></span>纪念</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：纪念"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="纪念地"><span id=".E7.BA.AA.E5.BF.B5.E5.9C.B0"></span>纪念地</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：纪念地"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>中国<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="山东省">山东省</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AC%E8%8E%B1%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="蓬莱市">蓬莱市</a>建有<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89%E7%A5%A0_(%E8%93%AC%E8%8E%B1)" title="戚继光祠 (蓬莱)">戚继光祠</a></li> <li>中国<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江省</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="台州市">台州市</a>建有<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89%E7%A5%A0_(%E5%8F%B0%E5%B7%9E)" title="戚继光祠 (台州)">戚继光祠</a></li> <li>中国<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江省</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E7%8E%AF%E5%B8%82" title="玉环市">玉环市</a>建有<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B3%E5%80%AD%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91" title="戚继光平倭纪念碑">戚继光平倭纪念碑</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="影视作品"><span id=".E5.BD.B1.E8.A7.86.E4.BD.9C.E5.93.81"></span>影视作品</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：影视作品"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%80%AD%E4%BE%A0%E4%BE%A3" title="抗倭侠侣">抗倭侠侣</a>》，2014年中国大陆古装戏</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89_(%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%BB%E7%89%87)" title="戚继光 (动画片)">戚继光</a>》，2014年中国大陆动画片</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%80%AD%E8%8B%B1%E9%9B%84%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89" title="抗倭英雄戚继光">抗倭英雄戚继光</a>》，2015年中央电视台电视剧</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%A9%E5%AF%87%E9%A2%A8%E9%9B%B2" title="荡寇风云">荡寇风云</a>》，2017年电影</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D1566" title="大明王朝1566">大明王朝1566</a>》，2006年电视剧</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="軍艦"><span id=".E8.BB.8D.E8.89.A6"></span>军舰</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：军舰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="中华民国海军">中华民国海军</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%8A%9F%E7%B4%9A%E5%B7%A1%E9%98%B2%E8%89%A6" title="成功级巡防舰">成功级巡防舰</a>3号舰<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89%E8%99%9F%E5%B7%A1%E9%98%B2%E8%89%A6" title="继光号巡防舰">继光号巡防舰</a>（PFG-1105）是一艘以戚继光来命名的军舰</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="中国人民解放军海军">中国人民解放军海军</a>680型训练舰首舰<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89%E5%8F%B7%E8%AE%AD%E7%BB%83%E8%88%B0" title="戚继光号训练舰">戚继光号</a>，舷号83，以戚继光来命名。戚继光号满载排水量9000吨，是中国海军吨位最大、现代化水平最高的专业训练舰。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注釋"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8B"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-鄭a-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-0"><sup><b>1.00</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-1"><sup><b>1.01</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-2"><sup><b>1.02</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-3"><sup><b>1.03</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-4"><sup><b>1.04</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-5"><sup><b>1.05</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-6"><sup><b>1.06</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-7"><sup><b>1.07</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-8"><sup><b>1.08</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-9"><sup><b>1.09</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭a_1-10"><sup><b>1.10</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">郑梁生. 〈靖倭將軍戚繼光〉. 《淡江史学》. 2004, <b>15</b>: 119–150 <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（繁体）网页">（中文（繁体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.atitle=%E3%80%88%E9%9D%96%E5%80%AD%E5%B0%87%E8%BB%8D%E6%88%9A%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89%E3%80%89&rft.au=%E9%84%AD%E6%A8%91%E7%94%9F&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%B7%A1%E6%B1%9F%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%B8%E3%80%8B&rft.pages=119-150&rft.volume=15&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-富-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-0"><sup><b>2.00</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-1"><sup><b>2.01</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-2"><sup><b>2.02</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-3"><sup><b>2.03</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-4"><sup><b>2.04</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-5"><sup><b>2.05</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-6"><sup><b>2.06</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-7"><sup><b>2.07</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-8"><sup><b>2.08</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-9"><sup><b>2.09</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-10"><sup><b>2.10</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-11"><sup><b>2.11</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-12"><sup><b>2.12</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-13"><sup><b>2.13</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-14"><sup><b>2.14</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-15"><sup><b>2.15</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-16"><sup><b>2.16</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-17"><sup><b>2.17</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-18"><sup><b>2.18</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-19"><sup><b>2.19</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-20"><sup><b>2.20</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-21"><sup><b>2.21</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-22"><sup><b>2.22</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-23"><sup><b>2.23</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-富_2-24"><sup><b>2.24</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="富路特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Luther Carrington Goodrich"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%B7%AF%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="富路特（页面不存在）">富路特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luther_Carrington_Goodrich" class="extiw" title="en:Luther Carrington Goodrich"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Luther Carrington Goodrich</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%BF%E5%85%86%E6%A5%B9" title="房兆楹">房兆楹</a> (编). 《明代名人傳》. 北京: 北京时代华文书局. 2015. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787569901443" title="Special:网络书源/9787569901443"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9787569901443</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.au=%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-all+%22+data-orig-title%3D%22%E5%AF%8C%E8%B7%AF%E7%89%B9%22+data-lang-code%3D%22en%22+data-lang-name%3D%22%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%22+data-foreign-title%3D%22Luther+Carrington+Goodrich%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-page%22%3E%E5%AF%8C%E8%B7%AF%E7%89%B9%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint+ilh-comment%22%3E%EF%BC%88%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-lang%22%3E%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-colon%22%3E%EF%BC%9A%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-link%22%3E-%7B%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22+dir%3D%22auto%22%3ELuther+Carrington+Goodrich%3C%2Fspan%3E%7D-%3C%2Fspan%3E%EF%BC%89%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%E3%80%81%E6%88%BF%E5%85%86%E6%A5%B9&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A3%E5%90%8D%E4%BA%BA%E5%82%B3%E3%80%8B&rft.date=2015&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9787569901443&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E8%8F%AF%E6%96%87%E6%9B%B8%E5%B1%80&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-鄭-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-鄭_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭_3-2"><sup><b>3.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-鄭_3-3"><sup><b>3.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">郑梁生. 《明代倭寇》. 台北: 文史哲出版社. 2008. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9789575497712" title="Special:网络书源/9789575497712"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9789575497712</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（繁体）网页">（中文（繁体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.au=%E9%84%AD%E6%A8%91%E7%94%9F&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A3%E5%80%AD%E5%AF%87%E3%80%8B&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9789575497712&rft.place=%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97&rft.pub=%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B2%E5%93%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-牟-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-牟_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-牟_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-牟_4-2"><sup><b>4.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-牟_4-3"><sup><b>4.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9F%E5%BE%A9%E7%A6%AE" title="牟复礼">牟复礼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E7%91%9E%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="崔瑞德">崔瑞德</a> (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guoxue123.com/other/jq/ming/index.htm">《劍橋中國明代史》</a>. 张书生等译. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社. 1992 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-11-03</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7500410115" title="Special:网络书源/7500410115"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 7500410115</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200928172345/http://www.guoxue123.com/other/jq/ming/index.htm">存档</a>于2020-09-28） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.au=%E7%89%9F%E5%BE%A9%E7%A6%AE%E3%80%81%E5%B4%94%E7%91%9E%E5%BE%B7&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%8A%8D%E6%A9%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%E3%80%8B&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=7500410115&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guoxue123.com%2Fother%2Fjq%2Fming%2Findex.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-黃-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-0"><sup><b>5.00</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-1"><sup><b>5.01</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-2"><sup><b>5.02</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-3"><sup><b>5.03</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-4"><sup><b>5.04</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-5"><sup><b>5.05</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-6"><sup><b>5.06</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-7"><sup><b>5.07</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-8"><sup><b>5.08</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-9"><sup><b>5.09</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-10"><sup><b>5.10</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-11"><sup><b>5.11</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-12"><sup><b>5.12</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-13"><sup><b>5.13</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-14"><sup><b>5.14</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-15"><sup><b>5.15</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-16"><sup><b>5.16</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-17"><sup><b>5.17</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-18"><sup><b>5.18</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-19"><sup><b>5.19</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-20"><sup><b>5.20</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-21"><sup><b>5.21</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-黃_5-22"><sup><b>5.22</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%87" class="mw-redirect" title="黄仁宇">黄仁宇</a>. 《<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%86%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4" title="萬曆十五年">萬曆十五年</a>》. 北京: 中华书局. 2006. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7101052037" title="Special:网络书源/7101052037"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 7101052037</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.au=%E9%BB%83%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%87&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%86%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8B&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=7101052037&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%9B%B8%E5%B1%80&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-篠-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-篠_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-篠_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">篠田耕一. 《中國古兵器大全》. 顾时光译. 香港: 万里书店. 1996. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9621410347" title="Special:网络书源/9621410347"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9621410347</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（繁体）网页">（中文（繁体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.au=%E7%AF%A0%E7%94%B0%E8%80%95%E4%B8%80&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B5%E5%99%A8%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%A8%E3%80%8B&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9621410347&rft.place=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF&rft.pub=%E8%90%AC%E9%87%8C%E6%9B%B8%E5%BA%97&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參看"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E7.9C.8B"></span>参看</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：参看"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E6%95%88%E6%96%B0%E6%9B%B8" class="extiw" title="s:纪效新书">纪效新书</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%B7%B4%E5%85%B5%E5%AF%A6%E7%B4%80" class="extiw" title="s:练兵实纪">练兵实纪</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89%E7%89%8C%E5%9D%8A" title="戚继光牌坊">戚继光牌坊</a>（父子总督坊与母子节孝坊）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89%E5%A2%93" title="戚继光墓">戚继光墓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AC%E8%8E%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9F%8E" title="蓬莱水城">蓬莱水城</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%A5%BC" title="光饼">光饼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B9%E5%85%89%E9%A4%85" title="咸光饼">咸光饼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%8E%E9%82%8A%E7%B3%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="鼎边糊">鼎边糊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%90%88%E9%9D%A2" title="三合面">三合面</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E7%AD%8D%E5%87%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="土笋冻">土笋冻</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸閱讀"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.96.B1.E8.AE.80"></span>延伸阅读</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：延伸阅读"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation journal">王兆春. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hprc.org.cn/pdf/JLSY198703023.pdf">〈從《紀效新書》與《練兵實紀》看戚繼光對古代軍事學的貢獻〉</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 《军事历史研究》. 1987, <b>3</b>: 188–198 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-11-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107023535/http://www.hprc.org.cn/pdf/JLSY198703023.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2017-11-07） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.atitle=%E3%80%88%E5%BE%9E%E3%80%8A%E7%B4%80%E6%95%88%E6%96%B0%E6%9B%B8%E3%80%8B%E8%88%87%E3%80%8A%E7%B7%B4%E5%85%B5%E5%AF%A6%E7%B4%80%E3%80%8B%E7%9C%8B%E6%88%9A%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89%E5%B0%8D%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%AD%B8%E7%9A%84%E8%B2%A2%E7%8D%BB%E3%80%89&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E5%85%86%E6%98%A5&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&rft.pages=188-198&rft.volume=3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hprc.org.cn%2Fpdf%2FJLSY198703023.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">李鹏青. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hprc.org.cn/pdf/JLSY198903013.pdf">〈論戚繼光的軍事改革〉</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 《军事历史研究》. 1989, <b>3</b>: 117–127 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-11-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107013252/http://www.hprc.org.cn/pdf/JLSY198903013.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2017-11-07） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.atitle=%E3%80%88%E8%AB%96%E6%88%9A%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89%E7%9A%84%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E3%80%89&rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E9%B5%AC%E9%9D%92&rft.date=1989&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&rft.pages=117-127&rft.volume=3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hprc.org.cn%2Fpdf%2FJLSY198903013.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">王联斌. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hprc.org.cn/pdf/JLSY199604020.pdf">〈戚繼光的國防倫理精神與“戚家軍”的武德風貌〉</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 《军事历史研究》. 1996, <b>4</b>: 169–177 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-11-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107014901/http://www.hprc.org.cn/pdf/JLSY199604020.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2017-11-07） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%9A%E7%BB%A7%E5%85%89&rft.atitle=%E3%80%88%E6%88%9A%E7%B9%BC%E5%85%89%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E8%88%87%E2%80%9C%E6%88%9A%E5%AE%B6%E8%BB%8D%E2%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E6%AD%A6%E5%BE%B7%E9%A2%A8%E8%B2%8C%E3%80%89&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E8%81%AF%E6%96%8C&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&rft.pages=169-177&rft.volume=4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hprc.org.cn%2Fpdf%2FJLSY199604020.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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