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href="#Political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Political career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Political career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wasilla_City_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wasilla_City_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Wasilla City Council </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wasilla_City_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mayor_of_Wasilla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mayor_of_Wasilla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Mayor of Wasilla </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mayor_of_Wasilla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_term" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_term"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 First term </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_term-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_term" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_term"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2 Second term </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_term-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 State politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governor_of_Alaska" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governor_of_Alaska"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Governor of Alaska </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governor_of_Alaska-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Governor of Alaska subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Governor_of_Alaska-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Budget,_spending,_and_federal_funds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budget,_spending,_and_federal_funds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Budget, spending, and federal funds </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Budget,_spending,_and_federal_funds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gubernatorial_expenditures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gubernatorial_expenditures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Gubernatorial expenditures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gubernatorial_expenditures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal_funding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_funding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 Federal funding </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_funding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bridge_to_Nowhere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bridge_to_Nowhere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.3 Bridge to Nowhere </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bridge_to_Nowhere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gas_pipeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gas_pipeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Gas pipeline </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gas_pipeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predator_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predator_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Predator control </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predator_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_Safety_Commissioner_dismissal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_Safety_Commissioner_dismissal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Public Safety Commissioner dismissal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_Safety_Commissioner_dismissal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legislative_investigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_investigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1 Legislative investigation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_investigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Branchflower_Report" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Branchflower_Report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.2 Branchflower Report </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Branchflower_Report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alaska_Personnel_Board_investigation_and_report" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alaska_Personnel_Board_investigation_and_report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3 Alaska Personnel Board investigation and report </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alaska_Personnel_Board_investigation_and_report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Job_approval_ratings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Job_approval_ratings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Job approval ratings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Job_approval_ratings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resignation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resignation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Resignation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resignation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008_vice_presidential_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008_vice_presidential_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 2008 vice presidential campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008_vice_presidential_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-2008_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-2008_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Post-2008 election </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-2008_election-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Post-2008 election subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Post-2008_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-SarahPAC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SarahPAC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 SarahPAC </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SarahPAC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Going_Rogue_and_America_by_Heart" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Going_Rogue_and_America_by_Heart"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Going Rogue and America by Heart </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Going_Rogue_and_America_by_Heart-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tea_Party_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tea_Party_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Tea Party movement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tea_Party_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010_endorsements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010_endorsements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 2010 endorsements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010_endorsements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012_election_cycle_and_candidacy_speculation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012_election_cycle_and_candidacy_speculation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 2012 election cycle and candidacy speculation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012_election_cycle_and_candidacy_speculation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014_Alaska_gubernatorial_election_endorsement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014_Alaska_gubernatorial_election_endorsement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 2014 Alaska gubernatorial election endorsement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014_Alaska_gubernatorial_election_endorsement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016_endorsements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016_endorsements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7 2016 endorsements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016_endorsements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017_defamation_lawsuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017_defamation_lawsuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.8 2017 defamation lawsuit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017_defamation_lawsuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022_House_of_Representatives_candidacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_House_of_Representatives_candidacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.9 2022 House of Representatives candidacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_House_of_Representatives_candidacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Political positions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Political positions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Health care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Social issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Guns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Environment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television_appearance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television_appearance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Television appearance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television_appearance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Personal life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Public image </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Electoral history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Publications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Sarah Palin</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 83 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" > 83 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86" title="سارة بالين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سارة بالين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sara_Peylin" title="Sara Peylin – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sara Peylin" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سارا پیلین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سارا پیلین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="স্যারা পেলিন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্যারা পেলিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%96%D0%B7_%D0%9F%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Сара Луіз Пэйлін – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сара Луіз Пэйлін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%96%D0%B7_%D0%9F%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Сара Луіз Пэйлін – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сара Луіз Пэйлін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Сара Пейлин – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сара Пейлин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palinov%C3%A1" title="Sarah Palinová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sarah Palinová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%A7%DE%83%DE%A7_%DE%95%DE%AD%DE%8D%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ސާރާ ޕޭލިން – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސާރާ ޕޭލިން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%A0%CE%AD%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Σάρα Πέιλιν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σάρα Πέιλιν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سارا پیلین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سارا پیلین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%9D%BC_%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%B0" title="세라 페일린 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세라 페일린" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1_%D5%93%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Սառա Փեյլին – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սառա Փեյլին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="सारा पॉलिन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सारा पॉलिन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9F" title="שרה פיילין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שרה פיילין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸಾರಾ ಪಾಲಿನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾರಾ ಪಾಲಿನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სარა პეილინი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სარა პეილინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%81ra_Peilina" title="Sāra Peilina – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sāra Peilina" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="സാറാ പാലിൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാറാ പാലിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="सॅरा पेलिन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सॅरा पेलिन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ساره بالين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساره بالين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" title="サラ・ペイリン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サラ・ペイリン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86" title="سارہ پیلن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سارہ پیلن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Пэйлин, Сара – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пэйлин, Сара" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palinov%C3%A1" title="Sarah Palinová – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sarah Palinová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سارە پالین – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سارە پالین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Сара Пејлин – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сара Пејлин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சேரா பேலின் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சேரா பேலின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="แซราห์ เพลิน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แซราห์ เพลิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sarah Palin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Сара Пейлін – 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Sarah Palin</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_(51769866572)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2269" data-file-height="3027" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Palin in 2021</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">9th <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alaska" title="List of governors of Alaska">Governor of Alaska</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office December 4, 2006 – July 26, 2009</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Sean Parnell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Murkowski" title="Frank Murkowski">Frank Murkowski</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Sean Parnell</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Oil_and_Gas_Conservation_Commission" title="Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission">Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office February 19, 2003 – January 23, 2004</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data">Frank Murkowski</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data">Mike Bill Randy Ruedrich Daniel Seamount</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Camille Taylor</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">John Norman</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Wasilla,_Alaska" title="Wasilla, Alaska">Wasilla</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office October 14, 1996 – October 14, 2002</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">John Stein</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Dianne Keller</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Wasilla,_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Wasilla, Alaska">Wasilla City Council</a> from Ward E</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office October 19, 1992 – October 14, 1996</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Dorothy Smith</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Colleen Cottle</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Sarah Louise Heath</div> (1964-02-11) February 11, 1964 (age 60) <a href="/wiki/Sandpoint,_Idaho" title="Sandpoint, Idaho">Sandpoint, Idaho</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> (1982–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Palin" title="Todd Palin">Todd Palin</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1988; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 2020)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">5, including <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Palin" title="Bristol Palin">Bristol</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Idaho" title="University of Idaho">University of Idaho</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_palin_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sarah Palin's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sarah_palin_signature.svg/128px-Sarah_palin_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sarah_palin_signature.svg/192px-Sarah_palin_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sarah_palin_signature.svg/256px-Sarah_palin_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="87" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sarahpalin.com/">Official website</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output 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.tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size: 110%; padding: 0; line-height: 150%;"><table><tbody><tr> <td style="background:#AE1C23; vertical-align:middle; padding:5px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_(51769866572)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Sarah_Palin_%2851769866572%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2269" data-file-height="3027" /></a></td> <td style="background:#AE1C23; vertical-align:middle; padding:6px;">This article is part of a series about <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarah Palin</a></td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_political_career_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Early political career of Sarah Palin">Early political career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Political positions of Sarah Palin">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Electoral history of Sarah Palin">Electoral history</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Public image of Sarah Palin">Public image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_parodies_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Saturday Night Live parodies of Sarah Palin">Saturday Night Live parodies</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Governorship of Sarah Palin">Governorship (2006–2009)</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Alaska gubernatorial election">2006 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resignation_of_Sarah_Palin" class="mw-redirect" title="Resignation of Sarah Palin">Resignation</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John McCain 2008 presidential campaign">2008 vice presidential campaign</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vice_presidential_candidacy_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Vice presidential candidacy of Sarah Palin">Main article</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2008 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">Selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">Election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Going_Rogue" title="Going Rogue">Going Rogue: An American Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin%27s_Alaska" title="Sarah Palin's Alaska">Sarah Palin's Alaska</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_palin_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sarah_palin_signature.svg/125px-Sarah_palin_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sarah_palin_signature.svg/188px-Sarah_palin_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sarah_palin_signature.svg/250px-Sarah_palin_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="87" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="388" /></a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sarah_Palin_series" title="Template:Sarah Palin series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sarah_Palin_series" title="Template talk:Sarah Palin series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sarah_Palin_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sarah Palin series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Sarah Louise Palin (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈpeɪlɪn/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c5\/Sarah-Louise-Palin-en-US-pronunciation.ogg\/Sarah-Louise-Palin-en-US-pronunciation.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Sarah-Louise-Palin-en-US-pronunciation.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/Sarah-Louise-Palin-en-US-pronunciation.ogg/Sarah-Louise-Palin-en-US-pronunciation.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah-Louise-Palin-en-US-pronunciation.ogg" title="File:Sarah-Louise-Palin-en-US-pronunciation.ogg">ⓘ</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">PAY-lin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a> Heath; born February 11, 1964) is an American politician, commentator, author, and reality television personality who served as the ninth <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Alaska">governor of Alaska</a> from 2006 until <a href="/wiki/Resignation_of_Sarah_Palin" class="mw-redirect" title="Resignation of Sarah Palin">her resignation</a> in 2009. She was the <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2008 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">vice presidential nominee</a> under <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a>. Palin was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Wasilla,_Alaska" title="Wasilla, Alaska">Wasilla</a> city council in 1992 and became mayor of Wasilla in 1996. In 2003, after an unsuccessful run for <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Alaska" title="Lieutenant Governor of Alaska">lieutenant governor</a>, she was appointed chair of the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Oil_and_Gas_Conservation_Commission" title="Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission">Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission</a>, responsible for overseeing the state's oil and gas fields for safety and efficiency. In <a href="/wiki/2006_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Alaska gubernatorial election">2006</a>, at age 42, she became the youngest person and the first woman to be elected governor of Alaska.<a href="#cite_note-:3-1">[1]</a> Immense legal fees incurred by both Palin and the state of Alaska from her fights against ethics investigations led to her resignation in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Palin was nominated as <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a>'s vice presidential running mate at the <a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">2008 Republican National Convention</a>. She was the first Republican female vice presidential nominee and the second <a href="/wiki/List_of_female_United_States_presidential_and_vice-presidential_candidates" class="mw-redirect" title="List of female United States presidential and vice-presidential candidates">female vice presidential</a> nominee of a <a href="/wiki/Major_party" title="Major party">major party</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Ferraro" title="Geraldine Ferraro">Geraldine Ferraro</a> in <a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984</a>. The McCain-Palin ticket subsequently lost the 2008 election to the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>'s then-U.S. Senators <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>. Throughout the race, her <a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Public image of Sarah Palin">public image and experience</a> came under media attention. Although her vice presidential bid alongside McCain was unsuccessful, the 2008 presidential election significantly raised Palin's national profile. Since her resignation as governor in 2009, she has campaigned for the fiscally conservative <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a>. In addition, she has publicly endorsed <a href="/wiki/Mama_grizzly" title="Mama grizzly">several candidates</a> in multiple election cycles, including <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> in his <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">2016 presidential campaign</a>. She has also led a career as a television personality. From 2010 to 2015, she provided political commentary for <a href="/wiki/Fox_News_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox News Channel">Fox News</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> She hosted <a href="/wiki/TLC_(TV_network)" title="TLC (TV network)">TLC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin%27s_Alaska" title="Sarah Palin's Alaska">Sarah Palin's Alaska</a> in 2010–11 and <a href="/wiki/Amazing_America_with_Sarah_Palin" title="Amazing America with Sarah Palin">Amazing America with Sarah Palin</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Sportsman_Channel" title="Sportsman Channel">Sportsman Channel</a> in 2014–15.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> From 2014 to 2015, she oversaw a short-lived <a href="/wiki/Subscription_business_model" title="Subscription business model">subscriber-based</a> <a href="/wiki/News_network" class="mw-redirect" title="News network">online TV channel</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin_Channel" title="Sarah Palin Channel">Sarah Palin Channel</a>, via <a href="/wiki/TAPP_TV" title="TAPP TV">TAPP TV</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Her personal memoir, <a href="/wiki/Going_Rogue" title="Going Rogue">Going Rogue</a>, written following the 2008 election, sold more than one million copies. In 2022, Palin ran in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Alaska%27s_at-large_congressional_district_special_election" title="2022 Alaska's at-large congressional district special election">special election</a> for <a href="/wiki/Alaska%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Alaska's at-large congressional district">Alaska's at-large congressional seat</a> that was vacated after the death of Representative <a href="/wiki/Don_Young" title="Don Young">Don Young</a>,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> but lost to Democrat <a href="/wiki/Mary_Peltola" title="Mary Peltola">Mary Peltola</a>, who completed Young's unfinished term.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Palin faced Peltola and others again in the <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Alaska" title="2022 United States House of Representatives election in Alaska">November general election</a> for the same seat, and again lost to Peltola, who won re-election to serve a full two-year term. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2></div> Palin was born in <a href="/wiki/Sandpoint,_Idaho" title="Sandpoint, Idaho">Sandpoint, Idaho</a>, the third of four children (three daughters and one son) of Sarah "Sally" Heath (née Sheeran; 1940–2021),<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> a school secretary, and Charles R. "Chuck" Heath (born 1938), a science teacher and <a href="/wiki/Track-and-field" class="mw-redirect" title="Track-and-field">track-and-field</a> coach. Palin's siblings are Chuck Jr., Heather, and Molly.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Palin is of English, Irish, and German ancestry.<a href="#cite_note-stock-15">[15]</a> When Palin was a few months old, the family moved to <a href="/wiki/Skagway,_Alaska" title="Skagway, Alaska">Skagway, Alaska</a>,<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> where her father had been hired to teach.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> They relocated to <a href="/wiki/Eagle_River,_Anchorage" class="mw-redirect" title="Eagle River, Anchorage">Eagle River, Anchorage</a> in 1969, and settled in <a href="/wiki/Wasilla,_Alaska" title="Wasilla, Alaska">Wasilla, Alaska</a>, in 1972.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Palin played flute in the junior high band. She attended <a href="/wiki/Wasilla_High_School" title="Wasilla High School">Wasilla High School</a>, where she was head of the <a href="/wiki/Fellowship_of_Christian_Athletes" title="Fellowship of Christian Athletes">Fellowship of Christian Athletes</a><a href="#cite_note-energized-20">[20]</a> and a member of the girls' basketball and cross-country running teams.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> During her senior year, she was co-captain and point guard of the basketball team that won the 1982 <a href="/wiki/Alaska_School_Activities_Association" title="Alaska School Activities Association">Alaska state championship</a>, earning the nickname "Sarah Barracuda" for her competitive streak.<a href="#cite_note-Johnson-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> In 1984, Palin won the Miss Wasilla <a href="/wiki/Beauty_pageant" title="Beauty pageant">beauty pageant</a>;<a href="#cite_note-StLouisPD_20080830-25">[25]</a> she finished third (as second runner-up) in the <a href="/wiki/Miss_Alaska" title="Miss Alaska">Miss Alaska</a> pageant, where she won the title of "Miss Congeniality".<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> She played the flute in the talent portion of the contest.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> One author reports that she received the Miss Congeniality award in the Miss Wasilla contest (but this is disputed by another contestant and classmate of Palin's),<a href="#cite_note-StLouisPD_20080830-25">[25]</a> and a college scholarship.<a href="#cite_note-Johnson-22">[22]</a> After graduating from high school in 1982, Palin enrolled at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii at Hilo">University of Hawaii at Hilo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Shortly after arriving in <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, Palin transferred to <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Pacific_University" title="Hawaii Pacific University">Hawaii Pacific University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a> for a semester in the fall of 1982. She returned to the mainland, enrolling at <a href="/wiki/North_Idaho_College" title="North Idaho College">North Idaho College</a>, a community college in <a href="/wiki/Coeur_d%27Alene,_Idaho" title="Coeur d'Alene, Idaho">Coeur d'Alene</a>, for the spring and fall semesters of 1983.<a href="#cite_note-USNewsCollegeCareer-31">[31]</a> She transferred and enrolled at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Idaho" title="University of Idaho">University of Idaho</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow,_Idaho" title="Moscow, Idaho">Moscow, Idaho</a>, for an academic year starting in August 1984. Beginning in the fall of 1985, she attended <a href="/wiki/Matanuska-Susitna_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Matanuska-Susitna College">Matanuska-Susitna College</a> in Alaska. Palin returned to the University of Idaho in January 1986 and received her <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> in <a href="/wiki/Communication_studies" title="Communication studies">communications</a> with an emphasis in <a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">journalism</a> in May 1987.<a href="#cite_note-USNewsCollegeCareer-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP_College-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2></div> After graduation, Palin worked as a <a href="/wiki/Sports_commentator" title="Sports commentator">sportscaster</a> for <a href="/wiki/KTUU-TV" title="KTUU-TV">KTUU-TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/KTVA-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KTVA-TV">KTVA-TV</a> in <a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage</a><a href="#cite_note-biographycom-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sportsannouncer_08-30-08-36">[36]</a> and as a <a href="/wiki/Sports_journalism" title="Sports journalism">sports reporter</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Mat-Su_Valley_Frontiersman" title="Mat-Su Valley Frontiersman">Mat-Su Valley Frontiersman</a>,<a href="#cite_note-point-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Frontiersman20080906-38">[38]</a> fulfilling an early ambition.<a href="#cite_note-early-39">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Early_political_career_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Early political career of Sarah Palin">Early political career of Sarah Palin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Electoral history of Sarah Palin">Electoral history of Sarah Palin</a></div> Palin has been a Republican since 1982.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wasilla_City_Council">Wasilla City Council</h3></div> Palin was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Wasilla,_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Wasilla, Alaska">Wasilla City Council</a> in 1992, winning by a margin of 530 votes to 310.<a href="#cite_note-bostonglobe_09-03-2008-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-WasillaVote-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mayor_of_Wasilla">Mayor of Wasilla</h3></div> Concerned that revenue from a new Wasilla <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">sales tax</a> would not be spent wisely,<a href="#cite_note-nytoutsider0829-43">[43]</a> Palin ran for mayor of Wasilla in 1996, defeating incumbent mayor John Stein<a href="#cite_note-KIZZA-44">[44]</a> by a 651–440 margin.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Her biographer described her campaign as targeting wasteful spending and high taxes;<a href="#cite_note-Johnson-22">[22]</a> her opponent, Stein, said that Palin introduced abortion, <a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">gun rights</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Term_limits" class="mw-redirect" title="Term limits">term limits</a> as campaign issues.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes090208-46">[46]</a> The election was nonpartisan, though the state Republican Party ran advertisements for Palin.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes090208-46">[46]</a> She ran for reelection against Stein in 1999 and won, 909 votes to 292.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In 2002, she completed the second of the two consecutive three-year terms allowed by the city charter.<a href="#cite_note-WasMuniCode-48">[48]</a> She was elected president of the Alaska Conference of Mayors in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-ref1-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_term">First term</h4></div> Using revenue generated by a 2% sales tax, which had been approved by Wasilla voters in October 1992,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-turb-51">[51]</a> Palin cut <a href="/wiki/Property_tax" title="Property tax">property taxes</a> by 75% and eliminated personal property and business inventory taxes.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061023-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-wapo_09-16-09-53">[53]</a> Using <a href="/wiki/Municipal_bond" title="Municipal bond">municipal bonds</a>, she made improvements to the roads and sewers and increased funding to the police department.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes090208-46">[46]</a> She oversaw creation of new bike paths and procured funding for storm-water treatment to protect freshwater resources. At the same time, she reduced the budget of the local museum and postponed discussions about a new library and city hall, which some of the council believed was needed.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061023-52">[52]</a> Soon after taking office in October 1996, Palin eliminated the position of museum director.<a href="#cite_note-pressure-54">[54]</a> She asked for updated resumes and resignation letters from "city department heads who had been loyal to Stein", although the mayor's office was considered a non-partisan position.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> These included the city police chief, public works director, finance director, and librarian.<a href="#cite_note-newmayor-56">[56]</a> Palin stated this request was to find out their intentions and whether they supported her. She temporarily required department heads to get her approval before talking to reporters, saying they needed to learn her administration's policies.<a href="#cite_note-newmayor-56">[56]</a> She created the position of city administrator<a href="#cite_note-nytimes090208-46">[46]</a> and reduced her own $68,000 salary by 10%. By mid 1998 this action was reversed by the city council.<a href="#cite_note-Palin_wins_10-02-96-57">[57]</a> In October 1996, Palin asked library director Mary Ellen Emmons if she would object to the removal of a book from the library if people were picketing to have the book removed.<a href="#cite_note-library-58">[58]</a> Emmons responded that she would, and others as well.<a href="#cite_note-library-58">[58]</a> Palin stated that she had not been proposing censorship but had been discussing many issues with her staff that were "both rhetorical and realistic in nature."<a href="#cite_note-library-58">[58]</a> No attempt was made to remove books from the library during Palin's tenure as mayor.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Palin said she fired Police Chief Irl Stambaugh because he did not fully support her efforts to govern the city.<a href="#cite_note-firings-60">[60]</a> Stambaugh filed a lawsuit alleging <a href="/wiki/Wrongful_termination" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrongful termination">wrongful termination</a> and violation of his free speech rights.<a href="#cite_note-seatimes_09-27-08-61">[61]</a> The judge dismissed Stambaugh's lawsuit, holding that the police chief served at the discretion of the mayor and could be terminated for nearly any reason, even a political one,<a href="#cite_note-newsweek_09-13-08-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-lawsuit-63">[63]</a> and ordered Stambaugh to pay Palin's legal fees.<a href="#cite_note-newsweek_09-13-08-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_term">Second term</h4></div> During her second term as mayor, Palin proposed and promoted the construction of a municipal sports center to be financed by a 0.5%<a href="#cite_note-nytimes090208-46">[46]</a> sales tax increase and a $14.7 million bond issue.<a href="#cite_note-wsjhockeyrink-64">[64]</a> Voters approved the measure by a 20-vote margin, and the Wasilla Multi-Use Sports Complex (later named the <a href="/wiki/Curtis_D._Menard_Memorial_Sports_Center" title="Curtis D. Menard Memorial Sports Center">Curtis D. Menard Memorial Sports Center</a>) was built on time and under budget. However, the city spent an additional $1.3 million because of an <a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">eminent domain</a> lawsuit caused by the city's failure to obtain clear title to the property before beginning construction.<a href="#cite_note-wsjhockeyrink-64">[64]</a> The city's long-term debt grew from about $1 million to $25 million because of expenditures of $15 million for the sports complex, $5.5 million for street projects, and $3 million for water improvement projects. The Wall Street Journal characterized the project as a "financial mess."<a href="#cite_note-wsjhockeyrink-64">[64]</a> A city council member defended the spending increases as being necessitated by the city's growth during that time.<a href="#cite_note-fiscal-65">[65]</a> Palin also joined with nearby communities in hiring the <a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage</a>-based lobbying firm of <a href="/wiki/R._E._Robertson" title="R. E. Robertson">Robertson</a>, Monagle & Eastaugh to lobby for federal funds. The firm secured nearly $8 million in <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(politics)" title="Earmark (politics)">earmarks</a> for the Wasilla city government,<a href="#cite_note-ABCNews20080910-66">[66]</a> including $500,000 for a youth shelter, $1.9 million for a transportation hub, and $900,000 for sewer repairs.<a href="#cite_note-wpearmarks090208-67">[67]</a> In 2008, Wasilla's current mayor credited Palin's 75 percent property tax cuts and infrastructure improvements with bringing "<a href="/wiki/Big-box_store" title="Big-box store">big-box stores</a>" and 50,000 shoppers per day to Wasilla.<a href="#cite_note-bostonglobe_09-03-2008-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_politics">State politics</h3></div> In 2002, Palin ran for the Republican nomination for <a href="/wiki/List_of_Lieutenant_Governors_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Lieutenant Governors of Alaska">lieutenant governor</a>, coming in second to <a href="/wiki/Loren_Leman" title="Loren Leman">Loren Leman</a> in a five-way Republican primary.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Following her defeat, she campaigned throughout the state for the nominated Republican governor-lieutenant governor ticket of <a href="/wiki/Frank_Murkowski" title="Frank Murkowski">Frank Murkowski</a> and Leman.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061024-69">[69]</a> Murkowski and Leman won and Murkowski resigned from his long-held <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate">U.S. Senate</a> seat in December 2002 to assume the governorship. Palin was said to be on the "short list" of possible appointees to Murkowski's U.S. Senate seat,<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061024-69">[69]</a> but Murkowski ultimately appointed his daughter, <a href="/wiki/Alaska_House_of_Representatives" title="Alaska House of Representatives">State Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a>, as his successor in the Senate.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Governor Murkowski offered other jobs to Palin and, in February 2003, she accepted an appointment to the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Oil_and_Gas_Conservation_Commission" title="Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission">Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission</a>, which oversees Alaska's oil and gas fields for safety and efficiency.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061024-69">[69]</a> While she had little background in the area, she said she wanted to learn more about the oil industry and was named chair of the commission and ethics supervisor.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061024-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-AOGCC_who-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-ADN_Mauer_20040919-72">[72]</a> By November 2003, she was filing nonpublic ethics complaints with the state attorney general and the governor against a fellow commission member, Randy Ruedrich, a former petroleum engineer and at the time the chair of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of Alaska">state Republican Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061024-69">[69]</a> He was forced to resign in November 2003.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061024-69">[69]</a> Palin resigned in January 2004 and put her protests against Ruedrich's "lack of ethics" into the public arena<a href="#cite_note-Johnson-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061024-69">[69]</a> by filing a public complaint against Ruedrich,<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> who was then fined $12,000. She joined with Democratic legislator <a href="/wiki/Eric_Croft" title="Eric Croft">Eric Croft</a><a href="#cite_note-weeklystandard-74">[74]</a> in complaining that <a href="/wiki/Gregg_Renkes" title="Gregg Renkes">Gregg Renkes</a>, then the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Attorney_General" title="Alaska Attorney General">attorney general of Alaska</a>,<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> had a financial conflict of interest in negotiating a <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a> exporting trade agreement.<a href="#cite_note-JuneauDailyNews2005-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-77">[77]</a> Renkes also resigned his post.<a href="#cite_note-Johnson-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-ADN_Mauer_20040919-72">[72]</a> From 2003 to June 2005, Palin served as one of three directors of "<a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Ted Stevens</a> Excellence in Public Service, Inc.," a <a href="/wiki/527_group" class="mw-redirect" title="527 group">527 group</a> designed to provide political training for Republican women in Alaska.<a href="#cite_note-palin-stevens-527-78">[78]</a> In 2004, Palin told the <a href="/wiki/Anchorage_Daily_News" title="Anchorage Daily News">Anchorage Daily News</a> that she had decided not to run for the U.S. Senate that year against the Republican incumbent, <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a>, because her teenage son opposed it. Palin said, "How could I be the team mom if I was a U.S. Senator?"<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Alaska">Governor of Alaska</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Governorship of Sarah Palin">Governorship of Sarah Palin</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_Crop2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_Crop2.jpg/220px-Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_Crop2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_Crop2.jpg/330px-Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_Crop2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_Crop2.jpg/440px-Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_Crop2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Palin visits soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska National Guard">Alaska National Guard</a>, July 24, 2007</figcaption></figure> In 2006, running on a clean-government platform, Palin defeated incumbent Governor Frank Murkowski in the Republican gubernatorial <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Her running mate was <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Senate">State Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Sean Parnell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NatlJournal_2010-82">[82]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_gubernatorial_election,_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska gubernatorial election, 2006">November election</a>, Palin was outspent but victorious, defeating former Democratic governor <a href="/wiki/Tony_Knowles_(politician)" title="Tony Knowles (politician)">Tony Knowles</a> 48.3% to 41.0%.<a href="#cite_note-Johnson-22">[22]</a> She became Alaska's first <a href="/wiki/List_of_female_state_governors_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of female state governors in the United States">female governor</a> and, at the age of 42, the youngest governor in Alaskan history. She was the state's first governor to have been born after Alaska achieved U.S. <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Statehood_Act" title="Alaska Statehood Act">statehood</a>, and the first who was not inaugurated in the capital, <a href="/wiki/Juneau" class="mw-redirect" title="Juneau">Juneau</a> (she chose to have the ceremony in <a href="/wiki/Fairbanks,_Alaska" title="Fairbanks, Alaska">Fairbanks</a> instead). She took office on December 4, 2006. For most of her term, she was very popular with Alaska voters. Polls taken in 2007 showed her with 93% and 89% popularity among all voters.<a href="#cite_note-adn-popularity-83">[83]</a> The Anchorage Daily News and <a href="/wiki/The_Weekly_Standard" title="The Weekly Standard">The Weekly Standard</a> called her "the most popular governor in America."<a href="#cite_note-weeklystandard-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-adn-popularity-83">[83]</a> A poll taken in late September 2008, after Palin was named to the national Republican ticket, showed her popularity in Alaska at 68%.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> A poll taken in May 2009 indicated Palin's popularity among Alaskans had declined to 54% positive and 41.6% negative.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Palin declared that top priorities of her administration would be resource development, education and workforce development, public health and safety, and transportation and infrastructure development.<a href="#cite_note-:3-1">[1]</a> She had championed ethics reform throughout her election campaign. Her first legislative action after taking office was to push for a bipartisan ethics reform bill. She signed the resulting legislation in July 2007, calling it a "first step" and declaring that she remained determined to clean up Alaska politics.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Palin frequently broke with the Alaskan Republican establishment.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> For example, she endorsed Parnell's bid to unseat <a href="/wiki/Don_Young" title="Don Young">Don Young</a>, the state's longtime <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> U.S. Representative.<a href="#cite_note-WSJ-89">[89]</a> She publicly challenged then-U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Ted Stevens</a> to "come clean" about the federal investigation into his financial dealings. She promoted the development of oil and natural-gas resources in Alaska, including drilling in the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Arctic National Wildlife Refuge">Arctic National Wildlife Refuge</a> (ANWR). Proposals to drill for oil in ANWR have catalyzed <a href="/wiki/Arctic_Refuge_drilling_controversy" title="Arctic Refuge drilling controversy">national debate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ANWR-90">[90]</a> In 2006, Palin obtained a passport.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> In 2007, she traveled to <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>, where she visited the Khabari Alawazem Crossing at the Kuwait–Iraq border and met with members of the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska National Guard">Alaska National Guard</a>.<a href="#cite_note-visit-92">[92]</a> On her return journey she visited injured soldiers in Germany.<a href="#cite_note-interview-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Budget,_spending,_and_federal_funds">Budget, spending, and federal funds</h3></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_Germany_3_Cropped_Lightened.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sarah_Palin_Germany_3_Cropped_Lightened.JPG/180px-Sarah_Palin_Germany_3_Cropped_Lightened.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sarah_Palin_Germany_3_Cropped_Lightened.JPG/270px-Sarah_Palin_Germany_3_Cropped_Lightened.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sarah_Palin_Germany_3_Cropped_Lightened.JPG/360px-Sarah_Palin_Germany_3_Cropped_Lightened.JPG 2x" data-file-width="441" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption>Palin in Germany, July 2007</figcaption></figure> In June 2007, Palin signed a record $6.6 billion operating budget into law.<a href="#cite_note-Shinohara-94">[94]</a> At the same time, she used her veto power to make the second-largest cuts of the capital budget in state history. The $237 million in cuts represented over 300 local projects and reduced the capital budget to $1.6 billion.<a href="#cite_note-alaskajournal1-95">[95]</a> In 2008, Palin vetoed $286 million, cutting or reducing funding for 350 projects from the <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">FY</a>09 capital budget.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Palin followed through on a campaign promise to sell the <a href="/wiki/IAI_Westwind" title="IAI Westwind">Westwind II</a> jet, a purchase made by the Murkowski administration for $2.7 million in 2005 against the wishes of the legislature.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> In August 2007, the jet was listed on <a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a>, but the sale fell through, and the plane later sold for $2.1 million through a private brokerage firm.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gubernatorial_expenditures">Gubernatorial expenditures</h4></div> Palin lived in <a href="/wiki/Juneau" class="mw-redirect" title="Juneau">Juneau</a> during the legislative session, and lived in Wasilla and worked out of offices in Anchorage the rest of the year. Since the office in Anchorage was 565 miles from Juneau, while she worked there, state officials said she was permitted to claim a $58 <a href="/wiki/Per_diem" title="Per diem">per diem</a> travel allowance and reimbursement for hotel. She filed for per diem, claiming a total of $16,951, but rather than stay at a hotel overnight, regularly commuted the 50 miles one way to her home in Wasilla.<a href="#cite_note-wash-post-nights-99">[99]</a> She did not use the former governor's private chef.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Both Republicans and Democrats criticized Palin for taking the per diem, as well as an additional $43,490 in travel expenses on occasions when her family accompanied her on state business.<a href="#cite_note-Luo-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Palin's staffers responded that these practices were in line with state policy, that her gubernatorial expenses were 80% below those of her predecessor Murkowski,<a href="#cite_note-Luo-101">[101]</a> and that "many of the hundreds of invitations Palin receives include requests for her to bring her family, placing the definition of 'state business' with the party extending the invitation."<a href="#cite_note-wash-post-nights-99">[99]</a> In February 2009, the State of Alaska, reversing a policy that had treated the payments as legitimate business expenses under the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Code" title="Internal Revenue Code">Internal Revenue Code</a>, decided that per diems paid to state employees for stays in their own homes would be treated as taxable income and will be included in employees' gross income on their <a href="/wiki/Form_W-2" title="Form W-2">W-2</a> forms.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Palin had ordered the review of the tax policy.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> In December 2008, an Alaska state commission recommended increasing the governor's annual salary from $125,000 to $150,000. Palin said that she would not accept the pay raise.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> In response, the commission dropped the recommendation.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Federal_funding">Federal funding</h4></div> In her <a href="/wiki/State_of_the_State_address" title="State of the State address">State of the State address</a> on January 17, 2008, Palin declared that the people of Alaska "can and must continue to develop our economy, because we cannot and must not rely so heavily on federal government [funding]."<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> Alaska's federal congressional representatives cut back on <a href="/wiki/Pork-barrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Pork-barrel">pork-barrel</a> project requests during Palin's time as governor.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> While the state has no sales tax or income tax, royalty revenues from the <a href="/wiki/Prudhoe_Bay_Oil_Field" title="Prudhoe Bay Oil Field">Prudhoe Bay Oil Field</a> (consisting mostly of state-owned lands) have supported large state budgets since 1980. The exact amounts have depended on the prevailing <a href="/wiki/Price_of_petroleum" class="mw-redirect" title="Price of petroleum">price of petroleum</a>. As a result, state revenues doubled to $10 billion in 2008. Despite this, for the 2009 state budget, Palin gave a list of 31 proposed federal earmarks or requests for funding, totaling $197 million, to Alaska's senior U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Ted Stevens</a>. This was a major decrease from earlier years.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Palin has said that her decreasing support for federal funding was a source of friction between her and the state's congressional delegation; Palin requested less in federal funding each year than her predecessor Frank Murkowski requested in his last year.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bridge_to_Nowhere">Bridge to Nowhere</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gravina_Island_Bridge" title="Gravina Island Bridge">Gravina Island Bridge</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palin_nowhere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Palin_nowhere.jpg/220px-Palin_nowhere.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Palin_nowhere.jpg/330px-Palin_nowhere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Palin_nowhere.jpg/440px-Palin_nowhere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="814" data-file-height="833" /></a><figcaption>Palin visiting <a href="/wiki/Ketchikan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketchikan">Ketchikan</a> during her gubernatorial campaign, 2006</figcaption></figure> In 2002, it was proposed that a for-profit prison corporation, <a href="/wiki/Cornell_Corrections" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornell Corrections">Cornell Corrections</a>, build a prison on <a href="/wiki/Gravina_Island" title="Gravina Island">Gravina Island</a>. To connect Gravina with nearby <a href="/wiki/Ketchikan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketchikan">Ketchikan</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Revillagigedo_Island" title="Revillagigedo Island">Revillagigedo Island</a>, it was originally planned that the federal government spend $175 million on building a bridge and another $75 million to connect it to the power grid with an electrical intertie. The Ketchikan Borough Assembly turned the proposal down when the administration of Governor Tony Knowles also expressed its disfavor with the idea. Eventually, the corporation's prison plans led to the exposure of the wide-ranging <a href="/wiki/Alaska_political_corruption_probe" title="Alaska political corruption probe">Alaska political corruption probe</a>, which eventually ensnared Alaska's U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Ted Stevens</a>. The bridge idea persisted through the administration of former U.S. senator and then-governor <a href="/wiki/Frank_Murkowski" title="Frank Murkowski">Frank Murkowski</a>. The <a href="/wiki/2005_Highway_Bill" class="mw-redirect" title="2005 Highway Bill">2005 Highway Bill</a> provided for $223m to build the <a href="/wiki/Gravina_Island_Bridge" title="Gravina Island Bridge">Gravina Island Bridge</a>. The provisions and <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(politics)" title="Earmark (politics)">earmarks</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> were negotiated by Alaska's Rep. <a href="/wiki/Don_Young" title="Don Young">Don Young</a>, who chaired the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Transportation_and_Infrastructure" title="United States House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure">House Transportation Committee</a>, and were supported by the chair of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Appropriations_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Appropriations Committee">Senate Appropriations Committee</a>, Ted Stevens.<a href="#cite_note-bridge-113">[113]</a> This bridge, nicknamed "The Bridge to Nowhere" by critics, was intended to replace the <a href="/wiki/Roll-on/roll-off" title="Roll-on/roll-off">auto ferry</a> that is currently the only connection between Ketchikan and its airport. While the federal earmark was withdrawn after meeting opposition from Oklahoma Senator <a href="/wiki/Tom_Coburn" title="Tom Coburn">Tom Coburn</a>, the state of Alaska still received $300 million in transportation funding,<a href="#cite_note-bridge-113">[113]</a> with which the state of Alaska continued to study improvements in access to the airport, which conceivably could include improvements to the ferry service.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireFerry-114">[114]</a> In 2006, Palin had run for governor with a "build-the-bridge" plank in her platform,<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20080831-115">[115]</a> saying she would "not allow the spinmeisters to turn this project ... into something that's so negative."<a href="#cite_note-Palin_backed-116">[116]</a> Palin criticized the use of the word "nowhere" as insulting to local residents<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20080831-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-ADN_20080829_wheretheystand-117">[117]</a> and urged speedy work on building the infrastructure "while our congressional delegation is in a strong position to assist."<a href="#cite_note-ADN_20080829_wheretheystand-117">[117]</a> Despite the demise of the bridge proposal, Palin spent $26 million in transportation funding for the planned <a href="/wiki/Gravina_Island_Bridge#Road_to_nowhere" title="Gravina Island Bridge">3-mile access road</a> on Gravina island that ultimately had little use.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> A spokesman for <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Department_of_Transportation_%26_Public_Facilities" title="Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities">Alaska's Department of Transportation</a> said that it had been within Palin's power to cancel the road project but noted the state was considering cheaper designs to complete the bridge project, and that in any case the road would open up the surrounding lands for development.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20080831-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> As governor, Palin canceled the Gravina Island Bridge in September 2007, saying that Congress had "little interest in spending any more money" due to "inaccurate portrayals of the projects."<a href="#cite_note-release-121">[121]</a> Alaska did not return the $442 million in federal transportation funds.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Rosen_20080901-122">[122]</a> In 2008, as a vice-presidential candidate, Palin characterized her position as having told Congress "thanks, but no thanks, on that bridge to nowhere." A number of <a href="/wiki/Ketchikan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketchikan">Ketchikan</a> residents said that the claim was false and a betrayal of Palin's previous support for their community.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Rosen_20080901-122">[122]</a> Some critics said that her statement was misleading, as she had expressed support for the spending project and kept the federal money after the project was canceled.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gas_pipeline">Gas pipeline</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Alaska_gas_pipeline" title="Alaska gas pipeline">Alaska gas pipeline</a></div> In August 2008, Palin signed a bill authorizing the State of Alaska to award <a href="/wiki/TransCanada_Pipelines" class="mw-redirect" title="TransCanada Pipelines">TransCanada Pipelines</a>—the sole bidder to meet the state's requirements—a license to build and operate a pipeline to transport natural gas from the Alaska North Slope to the continental United States through Canada.<a href="#cite_note-canada1-124">[124]</a> The governor also pledged $500 million in seed money to support the project.<a href="#cite_note-AGIA-unveil-125">[125]</a> It was estimated that the project would cost $26 billion.<a href="#cite_note-canada1-124">[124]</a> <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a> described the project as "the principal achievement of Sarah Palin's term as Alaska's governor."<a href="#cite_note-Newsweek-pipeline-to-nowhere-126">[126]</a> The pipeline also faces legal challenges from Canadian <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">First Nations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Newsweek-pipeline-to-nowhere-126">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predator_control">Predator control</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_Sarah_Palin#Environment" title="Governorship of Sarah Palin">Governorship of Sarah Palin § Environment</a></div> In 2007, Palin supported a 2003 <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Department_of_Fish_and_Game" title="Alaska Department of Fish and Game">Alaska Department of Fish and Game</a> policy allowing the hunting of wolves from the air as part of a predator control program intended to increase <a href="/wiki/Moose" title="Moose">moose</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caribou" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribou">caribou</a> populations for subsistence-food gatherers and other hunters.<a href="#cite_note-AP_wolf-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-ADFG_pressrelease_20070511-128">[128]</a> In March 2007, the department offered a bounty of $150 per wolf would be paid to the 180 volunteer pilots and gunners in five areas of Alaska to offset fuel costs. In the preceding four years, 607 wolves had been killed. State biologists wanted 382 to 664 wolves to be killed by the end of the predator-control season in April 2007. Wildlife activists sued the state- A state judge declared the bounty illegal on the basis that a bounty would have to be offered by the Board of Game and not by the Department of Fish and Game.<a href="#cite_note-AP_wolf-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-ADN_deMarban_20070331-129">[129]</a> On August 26, 2008, Alaskans voted against ending the state's predator control program.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_Safety_Commissioner_dismissal">Public Safety Commissioner dismissal</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Public_Safety_Commissioner_dismissal" title="Alaska Public Safety Commissioner dismissal">Alaska Public Safety Commissioner dismissal</a></div> Palin dismissed <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Department_of_Public_Safety" title="Alaska Department of Public Safety">Public Safety Commissioner</a> <a href="/wiki/Walt_Monegan" title="Walt Monegan">Walt Monegan</a> on July 11, 2008, citing performance-related issues, such as not being "a team player on budgeting issues"<a href="#cite_note-Staff_pushed-131">[131]</a> and "egregious rogue behavior."<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Palin attorney Thomas Van Flein said that the "last straw" was Monegan's planned trip to <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, to seek funding for a new, multimillion-dollar sexual assault initiative the governor hadn't yet approved.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> Monegan said that he had resisted persistent pressure from Palin, her husband, and her staff, including <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Attorney_General" title="Alaska Attorney General">state Attorney General</a> <a href="/wiki/Talis_J._Colberg" title="Talis J. Colberg">Talis J. Colberg</a>, to fire Palin's ex-brother-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Alaska_State_Troopers" title="Alaska State Troopers">Alaska State Trooper</a> Mike Wooten; Wooten was involved in a child custody battle with Palin's sister after a bitter divorce that included an alleged death threat against Palin's father.<a href="#cite_note-Demer-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-monegan1a-135">[135]</a> At one point Sarah and Todd Palin hired a private investigator to gather information, seeking to have Wooten officially disciplined.<a href="#cite_note-IsWootenGood-136">[136]</a> Monegan stated that he learned an internal investigation had found all but two of the allegations to be unsubstantiated, and Wooten had been disciplined for the others – an illegal moose killing and the <a href="/wiki/Taser" title="Taser">tasering</a> of his 11-year-old stepson, who had reportedly asked to be tasered.<a href="#cite_note-monegan1a-135">[135]</a> He told the Palins that there was nothing he could do because the matter was closed.<a href="#cite_note-grimaldi-137">[137]</a> When contacted by the press for comment, Monegan first acknowledged pressure to fire Wooten but said that he could not be certain that his own firing was connected to that issue;<a href="#cite_note-monegan1a-135">[135]</a> he later asserted that the dispute over Wooten was a major reason for his firing.<a href="#cite_note-Demer1-138">[138]</a> Palin stated on July 17 that Monegan was not pressured to fire Wooten, nor dismissed for not doing so.<a href="#cite_note-Staff_pushed-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-grimaldi-137">[137]</a> Monegan said the subject of Wooten came up when he invited Palin to a birthday party for his cousin, state senator <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Hoffman" title="Lyman Hoffman">Lyman Hoffman</a>, in February 2007 during the legislative session in <a href="/wiki/Juneau,_Alaska" title="Juneau, Alaska">Juneau</a>. "As we were walking down the stairs in the capitol building she wanted to talk to me about her former brother-in-law," Monegan said. "I said, 'Ma'am, I need to keep you at arm's length with this. I can't deal about him with you.<a href="#cite_note-ArmsLength-139">[139]</a> She said, 'OK, that's a good idea.'"<a href="#cite_note-monegan1a-135">[135]</a> Palin said there was "absolutely no pressure ever put on Commissioner Monegan to hire or fire anybody, at any time. I did not abuse my office powers. And I don't know how to be more blunt and candid and honest, but to tell you that truth. To tell you that no pressure was ever put on anybody to fire anybody." Todd Palin gave a similar account.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> On August 13, she acknowledged that a half dozen members of her administration had made more than two dozen calls on the matter to various state officials. "I do now have to tell Alaskans that such pressure could have been perceived to exist, although I have only now become aware of it", she said.<a href="#cite_note-grimaldi-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-ArmsLength-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-emails-141">[141]</a> Palin said, "Many of these inquiries were completely appropriate. However, the serial nature of the contacts could be perceived as some kind of pressure, presumably at my direction."<a href="#cite_note-Staff_pushed-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-contacts-142">[142]</a> Chuck Kopp, whom Palin had appointed to replace Monegan as public safety commissioner, received a $10,000 state <a href="/wiki/Severance_package" title="Severance package">severance package</a> after he resigned following just two weeks on the job. Kopp, the former <a href="/wiki/Kenai,_Alaska" title="Kenai, Alaska">Kenai</a> <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_police" title="Chief of police">chief of police</a>, resigned July 25 following disclosure of a 2005 sexual harassment complaint and letter of reprimand against him. Monegan said that he did not receive a severance package from the state.<a href="#cite_note-Staff_pushed-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legislative_investigation">Legislative investigation</h4></div> On August 1, 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Legislature">Alaska Legislature</a> hired an investigator, Stephen Branchflower, to review the Monegan dismissal. Legislators stated that Palin had the legal authority to fire Monegan, but they wanted to know whether her action had been motivated by anger at Monegan for not firing Wooten.<a href="#cite_note-narrative-143">[143]</a> The atmosphere was bipartisan and Palin pledged to cooperate.<a href="#cite_note-narrative-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-HiredHelp-144">[144]</a> Wooten remained employed as a state trooper.<a href="#cite_note-IsWootenGood-136">[136]</a> She placed an aide on paid leave due to a tape-recorded phone conversation that she deemed improper, in which the aide, appearing to act on her behalf, complained to a trooper that Wooten had not been fired.<a href="#cite_note-Bailey-145">[145]</a> Several weeks after the start of what the media referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Alaska_Public_Safety_Commissioner_dismissal" title="Alaska Public Safety Commissioner dismissal">troopergate</a>", Palin was chosen as <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a>'s running mate.<a href="#cite_note-narrative-143">[143]</a> On September 1, Palin asked the legislature to drop its investigation, saying that the state Personnel Board had jurisdiction over ethics issues.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Demer_20080903-146">[146]</a> The Personnel Board's three members were first appointed by Palin's predecessor, and Palin reappointed one member in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-cnn1-147">[147]</a> On September 19, Todd Palin and several state employees refused to honor <a href="/wiki/Subpoena" title="Subpoena">subpoenas</a>, the validity of which were disputed by Talis Colberg, Palin's appointee as Alaska's attorney general.<a href="#cite_note-ABCNews_Quinn_20080915-148">[148]</a> On October 2, a court rejected Colberg's challenge to the subpoenas,<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Cockerham_20081002-149">[149]</a> and seven of the witnesses, not including Todd Palin, eventually testified.<a href="#cite_note-AP_Apuzzo_20081005-150">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Branchflower_Report">Branchflower Report</h4></div> On October 10, 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Legislative_Council" title="Alaska Legislative Council">Alaska Legislative Council</a> unanimously voted to release, without endorsing,<a href="#cite_note-PeninsulaClarion_Spence_20081012-151">[151]</a> the Branchflower Report, in which investigator Stephen Branchflower found that firing Monegan "was a proper and lawful exercise of her constitutional and statutory authority," but that Palin abused her power as governor and violated the state's Executive Branch Ethics Act when her office pressured Monegan to fire Wooten.<a href="#cite_note-Branchflower_report-152">[152]</a> The report stated that "Governor Palin knowingly permitted a situation to continue where impermissible pressure was placed on several subordinates to advance a personal agenda, to wit: to get Trooper Michael Wooten fired."<a href="#cite_note-branchflower66-153">[153]</a> The report also said that Palin "permitted Todd Palin to use the Governor's office [...] to continue to contact subordinate state employees in an effort to find some way to get Trooper Wooten fired."<a href="#cite_note-branchflower66-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-Rood1010-154">[154]</a> Palin's attorneys condemned the Branchflower Report as "misleading and wrong on the law"<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> and an attempt to "smear the governor by innuendo."<a href="#cite_note-Dobbs-156">[156]</a> The day after the report was released, Palin said she was "very, very pleased to be cleared of any legal wrongdoing" or "any kind of unethical activity."<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alaska_Personnel_Board_investigation_and_report">Alaska Personnel Board investigation and report</h4></div> The bipartisan State of Alaska Personnel Board reviewed the matter at Palin's request.<a href="#cite_note-ADN0902-158">[158]</a> On September 15, the Anchorage law firm of Clapp, Peterson, Van Flein, Tiemessen & Thorsness filed arguments of "no probable cause" with the Personnel Board on behalf of Palin.<a href="#cite_note-VanFlein_20080915-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-insubordination-160">[160]</a> The Personnel Board retained independent counsel Timothy Petumenos as an investigator. On October 24, Palin gave three hours of depositions with the Personnel Board in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis, Missouri">St. Louis, Missouri</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_deposition_20081025-161">[161]</a> On November 3, 2008, the State of Alaska Personnel Board reported that there was no probable cause to believe that Palin or any other state official had violated state ethical standards.<a href="#cite_note-Petumenos-162">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimesb1-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-Breitbart_DOro_20081103-166">[166]</a> The report further stated that the Branchflower Report used the wrong statute in reaching its conclusions, misconstrued the available evidence and did not consider or obtain all of the material evidence required to properly reach findings in the matter.<a href="#cite_note-Petumenos-162">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Job_approval_ratings">Job approval ratings</h3></div> As governor of Alaska, Palin's job approval rating ranged from a high of 93% in May 2007 to a low of 54% in May 2009.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Approval </th> <th>Disapproval </th> <th>Pollster </th></tr> <tr> <td>May 15, 2007<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> </td> <td>93% </td> <td>Not reported </td> <td>Dittman Research </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 30, 2007[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td> <td>89% </td> <td>Not reported </td> <td>Ivan Moore Research </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 19–21, 2007<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> </td> <td>83% </td> <td>11% </td> <td>Ivan Moore Research </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 10, 2008<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> </td> <td>73% </td> <td>7% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rasmussen_Reports" title="Rasmussen Reports">Rasmussen Reports</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 17, 2008<a href="#cite_note-rasmussenreports1-171">[171]</a> </td> <td>69% </td> <td>9% </td> <td>Rasmussen Reports </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 24–25, 2008<a href="#cite_note-POLITIFACT-172">[172]</a> </td> <td>80% </td> <td>Not reported </td> <td>Hays Research Group </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 30, 2008<a href="#cite_note-POLITIFACT-172">[172]</a> </td> <td>64% </td> <td>14% </td> <td>Rasmussen Reports </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 20–22, 2008<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> </td> <td>68% </td> <td>Not reported </td> <td>Ivan Moore Research </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 7, 2008<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> </td> <td>63% </td> <td>37% </td> <td>Rasmussen Reports </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 24–25, 2009<a href="#cite_note-MiamiHerald_1035915-175">[175]</a> </td> <td>59.8% </td> <td>34.9% </td> <td>Hays Research </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 4–5, 2009<a href="#cite_note-MiamiHerald_1035915-175">[175]</a> </td> <td>54% </td> <td>41.6% </td> <td>Hays Research </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 14–18, 2009<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> </td> <td>56% </td> <td>35% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Global_Strategy_Group" title="Global Strategy Group">Global Strategy Group</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resignation">Resignation</h3></div> On July 3, 2009, Palin announced that she would not run for reelection in the <a href="/wiki/2010_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Alaska gubernatorial election">2010 Alaska gubernatorial election</a> and would resign before the end of the month. Palin stated that since August 2008, both she and the state had been spending an "insane" amount of time and money ($2.5 million) responding to "opposition research", 150 <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_(United_States)" title="Freedom of Information Act (United States)">FOIA</a> requests and 15 "frivolous" legal ethics complaints filed by "political operatives" against her.<a href="#cite_note-nytdollars-177">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hampered-178">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-reasons-179">[179]</a> She said her resignation was also influenced by her desire not to be a <a href="/wiki/Lame_duck_(politics)" title="Lame duck (politics)">lame duck</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reasons-179">[179]</a> Lieutenant Governor <a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Sean Parnell</a> said that Palin's decision to resign was driven by the high cost of legal fees against ethics investigations; Palin and her husband Todd personally incurred more than $500,000 in legal expenses.<a href="#cite_note-nytdollars-177">[177]</a> Parnell became governor on July 26, 2009, in an inaugural ceremony in <a href="/wiki/Fairbanks,_Alaska" title="Fairbanks, Alaska">Fairbanks</a>, upon Palin's resignation taking effect.<a href="#cite_note-CSpan-180">[180]</a> In December 2010, new rules governing Alaska executive branch ethics, stemming from Palin's tenure as governor, took effect.<a href="#cite_note-newsminer1-181">[181]</a> "These include allowing for the state to pay legal costs for officials cleared of ethics violations; (and) allowing for a family member of the governor or lieutenant governor to travel at state cost in certain circumstances ..."<a href="#cite_note-newsminer1-181">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2008_vice_presidential_campaign">2008 vice presidential campaign</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Vice_presidential_candidacy_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Vice presidential candidacy of Sarah Palin">Vice presidential candidacy of Sarah Palin</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_McCain_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John McCain 2008 presidential campaign">John McCain 2008 presidential campaign</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)_vice_presidential_candidates,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (United States) vice presidential candidates, 2008">Republican Party (United States) vice presidential candidates, 2008</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palin_waving-RNC-20080903_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Palin_waving-RNC-20080903_cropped.jpg/220px-Palin_waving-RNC-20080903_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Palin_waving-RNC-20080903_cropped.jpg/330px-Palin_waving-RNC-20080903_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Palin_waving-RNC-20080903_cropped.jpg/440px-Palin_waving-RNC-20080903_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="549" /></a><figcaption>Palin addresses the <a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">2008 Republican National Convention</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a></figcaption></figure> Several conservative commentators met Palin in the summer of 2007.<a href="#cite_note-NewYorker_Mayer_20081027-182">[182]</a> Some of them, such as <a href="/wiki/Bill_Kristol" title="Bill Kristol">Bill Kristol</a>, later urged McCain to pick Palin as his vice presidential running mate, arguing that her presence on the ticket would provide a boost in enthusiasm among the <a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Religious Right</a> wing of the Republican party, while her status as an unknown on the national scene would also be a positive factor.<a href="#cite_note-Salon_Radio-183">[183]</a> On August 24, 2008, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Schmidt" title="Steve Schmidt">Steve Schmidt</a> and a few other senior <a href="/wiki/John_McCain_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John McCain 2008 presidential campaign">McCain campaign</a> advisers discussed potential vice presidential picks with the consensus settling around Palin. The following day, the strategists advised McCain of their conclusions and McCain personally called Palin, who was at the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_State_Fair" title="Alaska State Fair">Alaska State Fair</a>.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> On August 27, Palin visited McCain's vacation home near <a href="/wiki/Sedona,_Arizona" title="Sedona, Arizona">Sedona, Arizona</a>, where she was offered the position of vice-presidential candidate.<a href="#cite_note-WashingtonPost_Balz-Barnes_20080831-185">[185]</a> According to Jill Hazelbaker, a spokeswoman for McCain, he had previously met Palin at the <a href="/wiki/National_Governors_Association" title="National Governors Association">National Governors Association</a> meeting in Washington in February 2008 and had come away "extraordinarily impressed."<a href="#cite_note-WSJ_WashingtonWire_20080829-186">[186]</a> Palin was the only prospective running mate who had a face-to-face interview with McCain to discuss joining the ticket that week.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-187">[187]</a> Nonetheless, Palin's selection was a surprise to many because a main criticism he had of Obama was his lack of experience, and speculation had centered on other candidates, such as <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/Tim_Pawlenty" title="Tim Pawlenty">Tim Pawlenty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal">Bobby Jindal</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a>, U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Joe Lieberman</a> of <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, and former <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/Tom_Ridge" title="Tom Ridge">Tom Ridge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cnn-taps-188">[188]</a> On August 29, in <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a>, McCain introduced Palin as his <a href="/wiki/Running_mate" title="Running mate">running mate</a>,<a href="#cite_note-cnn-taps-188">[188]</a> making her the first Alaskan and the second woman to run on a major U.S. party ticket.<a href="#cite_note-cnn-taps-188">[188]</a> Palin was largely unknown outside Alaska before her selection by McCain.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> On September 1, 2008, Palin revealed that her daughter Bristol was pregnant and that she would marry the child's father, <a href="/wiki/Levi_Johnston" title="Levi Johnston">Levi Johnston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> During this period, some Republicans felt that Palin was being unfairly attacked by the media.<a href="#cite_note-BostonGlobe_Wangsness_20080905-191">[191]</a> Timothy Noah of <a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a> magazine predicted that Palin's acceptance speech would be "wildly overpraised" and might end speculation that she was unqualified for the job of vice president because the press had been beating her up for "various trivial shortcomings" and had lowered the expectations for her speech.<a href="#cite_note-Salon_08-03-08-192">[192]</a> On September 3, 2008, Palin delivered a 40-minute acceptance speech at the <a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">Republican National Convention</a> that was well received and watched by more than 40 million people.<a href="#cite_note-AP_Bauder_20080904-193">[193]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Frank" title="Thomas Frank">Thomas Frank</a> noted the irony in her unattributed quoting of right-wing faux populist <a href="/wiki/Westbrook_Pegler" title="Westbrook Pegler">Westbrook Pegler</a>'s treacly, "We grow good people in our small towns, with honesty and sincerity and dignity."<a href="#cite_note-WSJheartland-194">[194]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McCainPalin1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/McCainPalin1.jpg/220px-McCainPalin1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/McCainPalin1.jpg/330px-McCainPalin1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/McCainPalin1.jpg/440px-McCainPalin1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="749" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption>The Palins and McCains in <a href="/wiki/Fairfax,_Virginia" title="Fairfax, Virginia">Fairfax, Virginia</a>, September 2008</figcaption></figure> During the campaign, controversy erupted over alleged differences between Palin's positions as a gubernatorial candidate and her position as a vice-presidential candidate. After McCain introduced Palin as his running mate, Newsweek and <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> put Palin on their magazine covers,<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> as some of the media alleged that McCain's campaign was restricting press access to Palin by allowing only three one-on-one interviews and no press conferences with her.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> Palin's first major interview, with <a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibson" title="Charles Gibson">Charles Gibson</a> of <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a>, met with mixed reviews.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> Her interview five days later with Fox News Channel's <a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Sean Hannity</a> went more smoothly and focused on many of the same questions from Gibson's interview.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> Palin's performance in her third <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin_interviews_with_Katie_Couric" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarah Palin interviews with Katie Couric">interview with Katie Couric</a>, of CBS News, was widely criticized; her poll numbers declined, Republicans expressed concern that she was becoming a political liability, and some conservative commentators called for Palin to resign from the Presidential ticket.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes1-199">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> Other conservatives remained ardent in their support for Palin, accusing the columnists of <a href="/wiki/Elitism" title="Elitism">elitism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Bumiller_20081105-201">[201]</a> Following this interview, some Republicans, including <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Kristol" title="Bill Kristol">Bill Kristol</a>, questioned the McCain campaign's strategy of sheltering Palin from unscripted encounters with the press.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_Costello-Anderson_20080929-202">[202]</a> Palin reportedly prepared intensively for the October 2 <a href="/wiki/United_States_vice-presidential_debate,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="United States vice-presidential debate, 2008">vice-presidential debate</a> with Democratic vice-presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> at <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington University in St. Louis</a>. Some Republicans suggested that Palin's performance in the interviews would improve public perceptions of her debate performance by lowering expectations.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes1-199">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-HoustonChronicle_Douglass_20080802-204">[204]</a> Polling from CNN, Fox and CBS found that while Palin exceeded most voters' expectations, they felt that Biden had won the debate.<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palin_In_Carson_City_On_13_September_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Palin_In_Carson_City_On_13_September_2008.jpg/150px-Palin_In_Carson_City_On_13_September_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Palin_In_Carson_City_On_13_September_2008.jpg/225px-Palin_In_Carson_City_On_13_September_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Palin_In_Carson_City_On_13_September_2008.jpg/300px-Palin_In_Carson_City_On_13_September_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption>Sarah Palin at campaign rally in <a href="/wiki/Carson_City,_Nevada" title="Carson City, Nevada">Carson City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, September 13, 2008</figcaption></figure> Upon returning to the campaign trail after her debate preparation, Palin stepped up her attacks on the Democratic candidate for president, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>. At a fundraising event, Palin explained her new aggressiveness, saying, "There does come a time when you have to take the gloves off and that time is right now."<a href="#cite_note-gloves-207">[207]</a> Palin said that her <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">first amendment</a> right to "call Obama out on his associations" was threatened by "attacks by the mainstream media."<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> Palin appeared on Saturday Night Live's "Weekend Update" segment on October 18. Prior to her appearance, <a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_parodies_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Saturday Night Live parodies of Sarah Palin">she had been memorably parodied</a> several times by SNL cast member <a href="/wiki/Tina_Fey" title="Tina Fey">Tina Fey</a>, who was noted for her physical resemblance to the candidate.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> In the weeks leading up to the election, Palin was also the subject of amateur parodies posted on YouTube.<a href="#cite_note-WashingtonTimes_Chapman_20080918-210">[210]</a> Controversy arose after it was reported that the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a> (RNC) spent $150,000 of campaign contributions on clothing, hair styling, and makeup for Palin and her family in September 2008. Campaign spokespersons stated the clothing would be going to charity after the election.<a href="#cite_note-AP_azcentral.com-211">[211]</a> Palin and some media outlets blamed <a href="/wiki/Gender_bias" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender bias">gender bias</a> for the controversy.<a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> At the end of the campaign, Palin returned the clothes to the RNC.<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> The election took place on November 4, and Obama was projected as the winner at 11:00 PM <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">EST</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_concession_20081104-215">[215]</a> In his concession speech McCain thanked Palin, calling her "one of the best campaigners I've ever seen, and an impressive new voice in our party for reform and the principles that have always been our greatest strength."<a href="#cite_note-CNN_concession_20081104-215">[215]</a> While aides were preparing the <a href="/wiki/Teleprompter" title="Teleprompter">teleprompter</a> for McCain's speech, they found a concession speech written for Palin by <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> speechwriter <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Scully" title="Matthew Scully">Matthew Scully</a>. Two members of McCain's staff, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Schmidt" title="Steve Schmidt">Steve Schmidt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Salter" title="Mark Salter">Mark Salter</a>, told Palin that there was no tradition of Election Night speeches by running mates, and that she would not be speaking. Palin appealed to McCain, who agreed with his staff.<a href="#cite_note-Vanity_Fair_ICFW-216">[216]</a> Political scientists have debated the impact that Palin had on the outcome of the 2008 presidential election.<a href="#cite_note-:1-217">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-218">[218]</a> A 2010 study in the journal Electoral Studies found that "her campaign performance cost McCain just under 2% of the final vote share."<a href="#cite_note-:1-217">[217]</a> However, a 2013 study in the journal Political Research Quarterly failed to find an adverse impact.<a href="#cite_note-:2-218">[218]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-2008_election">Post-2008 election</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_at_Chambliss_rally.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sarah_Palin_at_Chambliss_rally.jpg/220px-Sarah_Palin_at_Chambliss_rally.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sarah_Palin_at_Chambliss_rally.jpg/330px-Sarah_Palin_at_Chambliss_rally.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sarah_Palin_at_Chambliss_rally.jpg/440px-Sarah_Palin_at_Chambliss_rally.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3048" data-file-height="2190" /></a><figcaption>Palin rallies with <a href="/wiki/Saxby_Chambliss" title="Saxby Chambliss">Saxby Chambliss</a> in <a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah, Georgia</a>, December 2008</figcaption></figure> Palin was the first guest on commentator <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Beck" title="Glenn Beck">Glenn Beck</a>'s Fox News television show on January 19, 2009, commenting on Barack Obama that he would be her president and that she would assist in any way to bring progress to the nation without abandoning her conservative views.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> In August 2009, she coined the phrase "<a href="/wiki/Death_panel" title="Death panel">death panel</a>", to describe rationing of care as part of the proposed <a href="/wiki/Health_care_reform_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Health care reform in the United States">health care reform</a>. She stated that it would require Americans such as her parents or her child with Down syndrome, "to stand in front of Obama's 'death panel' so his bureaucrats can decide, based on a subjective judgment of their 'level of productivity in society,' whether they are worthy of health care."<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> The phrase was criticized by many Democrats and Politifact named it the "Lie of the Year of 2009."<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a> However, conservatives disputed this and defended her use of the term.<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a> In March 2010, Palin started a show to be aired on <a href="/wiki/TLC_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="TLC (TV channel)">TLC</a> called <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin%27s_Alaska" title="Sarah Palin's Alaska">Sarah Palin's Alaska</a>.<a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> The show was produced by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Burnett" title="Mark Burnett">Mark Burnett</a>.<a href="#cite_note-chicagotribune-224">[224]</a> Five million viewers tuned in for the premiere episode, a record for TLC.<a href="#cite_note-THR_Hibberd_20101115-225">[225]</a> Palin also secured a segment on Fox News.<a href="#cite_note-chicagotribune-224">[224]</a> Two guests that she was shown to have interviewed claimed to have never met her. Guests <a href="/wiki/LL_Cool_J" title="LL Cool J">LL Cool J</a> and <a href="/wiki/Toby_Keith" title="Toby Keith">Toby Keith</a> stated that footage shown on the segment was actually taken from another interview with someone else, but was used in Palin's segment.<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> Fox News and Palin ended this relationship in January 2013.<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> But on June 13, 2013, Palin rejoined Fox News Channel as an analyst.<a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> On December 8, 2010, it was reported that SarahPAC and Palin's personal credit card information were compromised through cyber attacks. Palin's team believed the attack was executed by <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_(group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anonymous (group)">Anonymous</a> during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Payback" title="Operation Payback">Operation Payback</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sarah-1-229">[229]</a> The report was met with skepticism in the blogosphere.<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a> Palin's email had been <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin_email_hack" title="Sarah Palin email hack">hacked</a> once before in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-derail-231">[231]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SarahPAC">SarahPAC</h3></div> On January 27, 2009, Palin formed the <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee</a>, SarahPAC.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Glassner" title="Michael Glassner">Michael Glassner</a>, a former aide to Palin, was appointed as the chief of staff of SarahPAC.<a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> The organization, which describes itself as an advocate of energy independence,<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> supports candidates for federal and state office.<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a> Following her resignation as governor, Palin stated her intention to campaign "on behalf of candidates who believe in the right things, regardless of their party label or affiliation."<a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> It was reported that SarahPAC had raised nearly $1,000,000.<a href="#cite_note-sarahpac-238">[238]</a> A legal defense fund was set up to help Palin challenge ethics complaints, and it had collected approximately $250,000 by mid July 2009.<a href="#cite_note-sarahpac-238">[238]</a><a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> In June 2010, Palin's defense fund was ruled illegal and was required to pay back $386,856 it collected in donations because it used Palin's position as governor to raise money for her personal gain. Palin subsequently set up a new defense fund.<a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a> Sarah PAC was terminated as of December 31, 2016.<a href="#cite_note-241">[241]</a> In the wake of the <a href="/wiki/2011_Tucson_shooting" title="2011 Tucson shooting">January 8, 2011, shooting</a> of Rep. <a href="/wiki/Gabby_Giffords" title="Gabby Giffords">Gabrielle Giffords</a>, Palin faced criticism for her <a href="/wiki/SarahPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="SarahPAC">SarahPAC</a> website's inclusion of a political graphic that included a <a href="/wiki/Crosshair" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosshair">crosshair</a><a href="#cite_note-crosshairs-242">[242]</a> over Giffords's district. Palin responded on her <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> page to the criticism, saying, "Acts of monstrous criminality stand on their own. They begin and end with the criminals who commit them", equating the accusations of her role in the shooting to a "<a href="/wiki/Blood_libel" title="Blood libel">blood libel</a>".<a href="#cite_note-WSJAZ-243">[243]</a><a href="#cite_note-244">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-WSJBlood-245">[245]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Going_Rogue_and_America_by_Heart">Going Rogue and America by Heart</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Going_Rogue:_An_American_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Going Rogue: An American Life">Going Rogue: An American Life</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SarahPalinElon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/SarahPalinElon.jpg/220px-SarahPalinElon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/SarahPalinElon.jpg/330px-SarahPalinElon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/SarahPalinElon.jpg/440px-SarahPalinElon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2605" data-file-height="1747" /></a><figcaption>Palin on the campaign trail in 2008</figcaption></figure> In November 2009, Palin released her memoir, Going Rogue: An American Life, in which she details her private and political career, including her resignation as Governor of Alaska. Palin said she took the title from the phrase 'gone rogue' used by McCain staffers to describe her behavior when she spoke her mind on the issues during the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-246">[246]</a> The subtitle, "An American Life," mirrors the title of President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/An_American_Life" title="An American Life">1990 autobiography</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ew_2009-10-06-247">[247]</a> Less than two weeks after its release, sales of the book exceeded the one million mark, with 300,000 copies sold the first day. Its bestseller rankings were comparable to memoirs by <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> and Barack Obama.<a href="#cite_note-CBSAP-248">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-249">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a> Palin traveled to 11 states in a bus, with her family accompanying her, to promote the book. She made a number of media appearances as well, including a widely publicized interview on November 16, 2009, with <a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a> In November 2010 <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a> released Palin's second book, titled <a href="/wiki/America_by_Heart" title="America by Heart">America by Heart</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBSNews2010-05-11-252">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a><a href="#cite_note-csm-book-254">[254]</a> The book contains excerpts from Palin's favorite speeches, sermons and literature as well as portraits of people Palin admires, including some she met in rural America on her first book tour.<a href="#cite_note-CBSNews2010-05-11-252">[252]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tea_Party_movement">Tea Party movement</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a></div> On February 6, 2010, Palin was the keynote speaker at the first Tea Party convention in <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a>. Palin said the Tea Party movement is "the future of politics in America."<a href="#cite_note-nytimes2-255">[255]</a> She criticized Obama for rising deficits, and for "apologizing for America" in speeches in other countries. Palin said Obama was weak on the <a href="/wiki/War_on_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="War on Terror">War on Terror</a> for allowing the so-called <a href="/wiki/Umar_Farouk_Abdulmutallab" title="Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab">Christmas bomber</a> to board a plane headed for the United States.<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_Manchester_NH_9-6-2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Sarah_Palin_Manchester_NH_9-6-2011.jpg/220px-Sarah_Palin_Manchester_NH_9-6-2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Sarah_Palin_Manchester_NH_9-6-2011.jpg/330px-Sarah_Palin_Manchester_NH_9-6-2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Sarah_Palin_Manchester_NH_9-6-2011.jpg/440px-Sarah_Palin_Manchester_NH_9-6-2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="649" /></a><figcaption>Palin addressing a Labor Day rally sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Express" title="Tea Party Express">Tea Party Express</a> (<a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester, NH</a>), 2011</figcaption></figure> In 2011, Palin was the keynote speaker at an annual tax day tea party rally at the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Capitol" title="Wisconsin State Capitol">Wisconsin State Capitol</a> in <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a> sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Prosperity" title="Americans for Prosperity">Americans for Prosperity</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Political_advocacy_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Political advocacy group">political advocacy group</a> headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arlington, Virginia">Arlington, Virginia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> and a featured speaker at a <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Express" title="Tea Party Express">Tea Party Express</a> rally in <a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester, New Hampshire</a>, at which Palin urged members of the Tea Party movement to avoid internal bickering with establishment Republicans.<a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-259">[259]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_endorsements">2010 endorsements</h3></div> In mid-2010, Palin positioned herself as a champion of conservative Republican women, calling for a "whole stampede of pink elephants" in the 2010 midterm elections.<a href="#cite_note-260">[260]</a> She endorsed a number of female Republican candidates in <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary elections</a>,<a href="#cite_note-LA_Times-261">[261]</a> including <a href="/wiki/Karen_Handel" title="Karen Handel">Karen Handel</a>, who unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">governor of Georgia</a> in the 2010 election.<a href="#cite_note-AJC-262">[262]</a> Ryan Rudominer, a spokesman for the House Democratic campaign operation, called her involvement in various U.S. House campaigns a "great thing across the board".<a href="#cite_note-263">[263]</a> She spoke at a May 2010 fundraiser for the <a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony_List" class="mw-redirect" title="Susan B. Anthony List">Susan B. Anthony List</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion">anti-abortion</a> political advocacy group and <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee</a> that supports pro-life women in politics, in which she coined the term "<a href="/wiki/Mama_grizzly" title="Mama grizzly">mama grizzly</a>".<a href="#cite_note-264">[264]</a><a href="#cite_note-265">[265]</a> Palin endorsed <a href="/wiki/Nikki_Haley" title="Nikki Haley">Nikki Haley</a> for the Republican nomination for Governor of South Carolina three weeks before the election. At the time of the endorsement, Haley was polling behind three other Republicans;<a href="#cite_note-266">[266]</a> she ended up winning the nomination<a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> and the general election.<a href="#cite_note-268">[268]</a> According to ABC News, "pundits credited the notable endorsements of tea party groups, former state first lady Jenny Sanford, and former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin with legitimizing" Haley's candidacy "in the face of the state's male-dominated political establishment".<a href="#cite_note-269">[269]</a> In the months ahead of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_elections,_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="United States elections, 2010">November 2010 elections</a>, Palin endorsed 64 Republican candidates,<a href="#cite_note-270">[270]</a> and was a significant fundraising asset to those she campaigned for during the primary season.<a href="#cite_note-271">[271]</a> According to Politico, Palin's criteria for endorsing candidates was whether they had the support of the Tea Party movement and the support of the Susan B. Anthony List.<a href="#cite_note-272">[272]</a> In terms of success, Palin was 7–2 for Senate endorsements; 7–6 for House endorsements; and 6–3 in endorsements of gubernatorial candidates in races that were considered 'competitive'.<a href="#cite_note-273">[273]</a> Palin's endorsement of <a href="/wiki/Joe_Miller_(Alaska_politician)" title="Joe Miller (Alaska politician)">Joe Miller</a> in the August 24 Alaska primary election for U.S. Senator was identified as a pivotal moment in Miller's upset of the incumbent Republican Senator <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a>.<a href="#cite_note-274">[274]</a><a href="#cite_note-275">[275]</a> After losing the Republican Party primary to Miller, Murkowski ran as a <a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">write-in candidate</a>, defeating both Miller and Democrat <a href="/wiki/Scott_McAdams" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott McAdams">Scott McAdams</a> in the general election, winning with a plurality.<a href="#cite_note-276">[276]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Beast" title="The Daily Beast">The Daily Beast</a> reporter Shushannah Walshe, Christine O'Donnell's unlikely prospects of upsetting establishment Republican candidate Mike Castle "changed overnight" due to Palin's endorsement. O'Donnell defeated Castle in the September 14 primary for Joe Biden's former Senate seat in Delaware.<a href="#cite_note-Walshe-277">[277]</a> Her O'Donnell endorsement further increased tensions between Palin and the Republican establishment: leading conservative commentator <a href="/wiki/Charles_Krauthammer" title="Charles Krauthammer">Charles Krauthammer</a> described the endorsement as "reckless and irresponsible".<a href="#cite_note-278">[278]</a> In 2010, former congressman and influential TV host <a href="/wiki/Joe_Scarborough" title="Joe Scarborough">Joe Scarborough</a> urged his party to dissociate itself from her.<a href="#cite_note-279">[279]</a> Party strategist <a href="/wiki/Karl_Rove" title="Karl Rove">Karl Rove</a> argued that Palin's endorsement of O'Donnell may have cost the GOP the Delaware Senate seat,<a href="#cite_note-280">[280]</a> and Politico's Ben Smith posited that Palin's support of O'Donnell helped dash Republican hopes of regaining control of the U.S. Senate.<a href="#cite_note-281">[281]</a> Another Palin endorsement carried Nevada's <a href="/wiki/Sharron_Angle" title="Sharron Angle">Sharron Angle</a> to a 40.1% primary win,<a href="#cite_note-282">[282]</a> in the race to beat highly endangered incumbent Senate Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Harry Reid</a>. Reid prevailed 50.3% to 44.6% in the 2010 election despite losing 14 of Nevada's 17 counties.<a href="#cite_note-283">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[284]</a> Angle had led by as much as 11% in March and June Rasmussen polling.<a href="#cite_note-285">[285]</a><a href="#cite_note-286">[286]</a> Palin's influence over the primaries increased speculation that she would seek to be the party's nominee for president in 2012,<a href="#cite_note-287">[287]</a> with political pundits such as <a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">David Frum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Chait" title="Jonathan Chait">Jonathan Chait</a> identifying Palin as the front-runner.<a href="#cite_note-288">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[289]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012_election_cycle_and_candidacy_speculation">2012 election cycle and candidacy speculation</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/220px-Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/330px-Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/440px-Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Palin speaking at the 2014 <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Political_Action_Conference" title="Conservative Political Action Conference">Conservative Political Action Conference</a> (CPAC) in National Harbor, Maryland</figcaption></figure> Beginning in November 2008, following Palin's high profile in the presidential campaign, an active "Draft Palin" movement started.<a href="#cite_note-290">[290]</a> On February 6, 2010, when asked on <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> whether she would run for president in 2012, she replied, "I would be willing to if I believe that it's right for the country."<a href="#cite_note-guardian_2010-02-07-291">[291]</a> In November 2010, Palin confirmed that she was considering running for the White House, but realized that her level of experience could make it difficult to win the nomination and criticized the "lamestream media" for focusing attention on her personal life.<a href="#cite_note-292">[292]</a> In March 2011, Palin said, "It's time that a woman is president of the United States of America."<a href="#cite_note-293">[293]</a> On October 5, 2011, Palin said she had decided not to seek the Republican nomination for president.<a href="#cite_note-294">[294]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014_Alaska_gubernatorial_election_endorsement">2014 Alaska gubernatorial election endorsement</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg/220px-Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg/330px-Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg/440px-Sarah_Palin_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Palin speaking at the 2015 CPAC in National Harbor</figcaption></figure>In October 2014, Palin endorsed the "unity ticket" of Independent <a href="/wiki/Bill_Walker_(American_politician)" title="Bill Walker (American politician)">Bill Walker</a> and Democrat <a href="/wiki/Byron_Mallott" title="Byron Mallott">Byron Mallott</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Alaska_gubernatorial_election,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska gubernatorial election, 2014">2014 Alaska gubernatorial election</a>, which ran against her successor and former lieutenant governor, <a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Sean Parnell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-295">[295]</a> The endorsement was prompted by Parnell's oil-and-gas industry tax-cuts, which dismantled her administration's "Alaska's Clear and Equitable Share" (ACES) plan. She had previously supported a referendum to repeal the tax cuts, which was narrowly defeated in August 2014.<a href="#cite_note-296">[296]</a> Walker and Mallott made the repeal of the tax cuts a centerpiece of their campaign.<a href="#cite_note-297">[297]</a> Walker and Mallott won the governorship in the November 2014 election with 48.1 percent of the vote, versus 45.9 percent for the Republican ticket.<a href="#cite_note-298">[298]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016_endorsements">2016 endorsements</h3></div> In January 2016, Palin endorsed <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> for president of the United States.<a href="#cite_note-299">[299]</a> In a May 2016 interview with CNN's <a href="/wiki/Jake_Tapper" title="Jake Tapper">Jake Tapper</a>, Palin said she would work to defeat Republican <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a>. Palin cited Ryan's reluctance to support Trump for president.<a href="#cite_note-300">[300]</a> In early August, Palin said again that she supported <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nehlen" title="Paul Nehlen">Paul Nehlen</a>, a little-known Republican challenger to Ryan, despite Trump's support of Ryan.<a href="#cite_note-301">[301]</a> A few days later, Ryan overwhelmingly defeated Nehlen in the Republican primary, taking over 84 percent of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-:02-302">[302]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017_defamation_lawsuit">2017 defamation lawsuit</h3></div> In June 2017, Palin filed a <a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">defamation</a> lawsuit against <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> for an editorial accusing Palin of "political incitement" in the run-up to the <a href="/wiki/2011_Tucson_shooting" title="2011 Tucson shooting">2011 shooting</a> of Democratic congresswoman <a href="/wiki/Gabby_Giffords" title="Gabby Giffords">Gabrielle Giffords</a>. The Times pointed out that a link to an advertisement from Palin's political action committee showed stylized crosshairs over the congressional districts held by 20 Democrats, including Giffords.<a href="#cite_note-:0-303">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-304">[304]</a> The Times later issued a correction, stating that no connection between the Palin advertisement and the Giffords shooting had been established and clarifying that what was depicted in the crosshairs in the ad were "electoral districts, not individual Democratic lawmakers." The Times wrote that the error did not "undercut or weaken the argument of the piece".<a href="#cite_note-:0-303">[303]</a> In subsequent testimony at an evidentiary hearing, Times editorial page editor <a href="/wiki/James_Bennet_(journalist)" title="James Bennet (journalist)">James Bennet</a> stated that the editorial sought to make a point about heated political rhetoric and was not intended to blame Palin for the attack on Giffords.<a href="#cite_note-EmbergDismissed-305">[305]</a> Palin's lawsuit was dismissed by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York">U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> in August 2017. Judge <a href="/wiki/Jed_S._Rakoff" title="Jed S. Rakoff">Jed S. Rakoff</a> ruled that Palin had failed to show <a href="/wiki/Actual_malice" title="Actual malice">actual malice</a> on the part of the Times.<a href="#cite_note-EmbergDismissed-305">[305]</a> In August 2019, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Circuit_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> reinstated Palin's suit, ruling that the district court erred when it held an evidentiary hearing on the newspaper's motion to dismiss rather than deciding the newspaper's motion to dismiss on the <a href="/wiki/Pleading" title="Pleading">pleadings</a>.<a href="#cite_note-306">[306]</a> In August 2020, Rakoff denied both sides' motions for summary judgment and ordered a jury trial.<a href="#cite_note-307">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-308">[308]</a> As the first libel case against the Times to go to trial in the U.S. in 18 years,<a href="#cite_note-Ellison-309">[309]</a> the suit was closely watched among First Amendment scholars.<a href="#cite_note-Ellison-309">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-Peters-310">[310]</a> On February 15, 2022, the jury reached a unanimous verdict in favor of The New York Times, finding that Palin had not proven actual malice.<a href="#cite_note-311">[311]</a> Jurors were aware that the previous day Rakoff said he would dismiss the case regardless of their verdict after some jurors had received push notifications on their smart phones, though jurors said it did not affect their deliberations.<a href="#cite_note-312">[312]</a> The 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Manhattan revived the case in August 2024 citing mistakes by the judge, particularly his announcement during jury deliberations that he would dismiss the case.<a href="#cite_note-313">[313]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022_House_of_Representatives_candidacy">2022 House of Representatives candidacy</h3></div> In August 2021, Palin had hinted at a possible Senate bid, challenging incumbent centrist Republican <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a>.<a href="#cite_note-314">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-315">[315]</a> After the death of Alaska's <a href="/wiki/Alaska%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Alaska's at-large congressional district">at-large congressman</a> <a href="/wiki/Don_Young" title="Don Young">Don Young</a>, Palin instead ran in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Alaska%27s_at-large_congressional_district_special_election" title="2022 Alaska's at-large congressional district special election">2022 special election</a> for the vacated congressional seat.<a href="#cite_note-316">[316]</a> On April 3, 2022, former president <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> endorsed her run for the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>.<a href="#cite_note-317">[317]</a> Palin was one of the three remaining of 50 initial candidates in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Alaska%27s_at-large_congressional_district_special_election" title="2022 Alaska's at-large congressional district special election">2022 Alaska's at-large congressional district special election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-318">[318]</a> Al Gross, an independent, had dropped out of the "top four" runoff, leaving two Republicans remaining, Palin and <a href="/wiki/Nick_Begich_III" title="Nick Begich III">Nick Begich III</a>, along with Democratic ex-state <a href="/wiki/Alaska_House_of_Representatives" title="Alaska House of Representatives">House</a> member, <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Natives" title="Alaska Natives">Alaska Native</a> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Peltola" title="Mary Peltola">Mary Peltola</a>.<a href="#cite_note-319">[319]</a> Palin lost the special <a href="/wiki/Instant-runoff_voting" title="Instant-runoff voting">ranked choice</a> election to Peltola following counting on August 31. She received 58,328 votes (30.9%) in the first round, and 85,987 votes (48.5%) once Begich's second preferences had been transferred.<a href="#cite_note-320">[320]</a> After she lost the race to fill the remainder of Young's term, Palin urged Begich to drop out of the November election for the two-year term, but he refused to do so.<a href="#cite_note-321">[321]</a> She later lost the general election in November by an even larger margin, receiving 25.7% of the vote in the first round to Peltola's 48.8%, then 45% in the second round, to Peltola's 55%.<a href="#cite_note-2022genl-322">[322]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #B0161E; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Conservatism in the United States">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#B0161E; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">Conservatism in the United States</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/135px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/180px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="476" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compassionate_conservatism" title="Compassionate conservatism">Compassionate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">Fiscal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusionism" title="Fusionism">Fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism#Relation_to_American_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_conservatism" title="Libertarian conservatism">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderate_conservatism" title="Moderate conservatism">Moderate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_conservatism" title="Movement conservatism">Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism">Neo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postliberalism" title="Postliberalism">Postliberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism#United_States" title="Right-wing populism">Populist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_conservatism" title="Progressive conservatism">Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Social conservatism in the United States">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straussianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Straussianism">Straussian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Traditionalist conservatism in the United States">Traditionalist</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">American exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">American nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism#United_States" title="Christian nationalism">Christian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_civil_religion" title="American civil religion">Civil religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism" title="Classical liberalism">Classical liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism_in_the_United_States" title="Constitutionalism in the United States">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_life" title="Culture of life">Culture of life</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_anti-abortion_movement" title="United States anti-abortion movement">Pro-life</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familialism#United_States" title="Familialism">Familialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_values" title="Family values">Family values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">Federalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">States' rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_essentialism" title="Gender essentialism">Gender essentialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Complementarianism" title="Complementarianism">Complementarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian_ethics" title="Judeo-Christian ethics">Judeo-Christian values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_and_order_(politics)" title="Law and order (politics)">Law and order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_government" title="Limited government">Limited government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritocracy" title="Meritocracy">Meritocracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_aristocracy" title="Natural aristocracy">Natural aristocracy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_militarism" title="United States militarism">Militarism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_through_strength" title="Peace through strength">Peace through strength</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_absolutism" title="Moral absolutism">Moral absolutism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordered_liberty" title="Ordered liberty">Ordered liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americanism_(ideology)" title="Americanism (ideology)">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_property" title="Right to property">Property rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">Right to bear arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">Supply-side economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_humanism_(literature)" title="New humanism (literature)">New Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians" title="Southern Agrarians">Southern Agrarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Right_(United_States)" title="Old Right (United States)">Old Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Manifesto" title="Conservative Manifesto">Conservative Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_coalition" title="Conservative coalition">Conservative coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Committee" title="America First Committee">America First Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater_1964_presidential_campaign" title="Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign">Goldwater campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Right#United_States" title="New Right">New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_era" title="Reagan era">Reagan era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Doctrine" title="Reagan Doctrine">Reagan Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaganomics" title="Reaganomics">Reaganomics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism_and_paleoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism">Neo- vs. paleoconservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemers" title="Redeemers">Redeemers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Revolution" title="Republican Revolution">Republican Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a></li> <li>Trump era <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">First term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second presidency of Donald Trump">Second term</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams" title="Henry Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Anton" title="Michael Anton">Anton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Babbitt" title="Irving Babbitt">Babbitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bacevich" title="Andrew Bacevich">Bacevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bell" title="Daniel Bell">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Bellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_L._Berger" title="Peter L. Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Bloom" title="Allan Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Boorstin" title="Daniel J. Boorstin">Boorstin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Burnham" title="James Burnham">Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Carl" title="Jeremy Carl">Carl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Deneen" title="Patrick Deneen">Deneen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Eastman" title="Max Eastman">Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Francis_(writer)" title="Sam Francis (writer)">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Genovese" title="Eugene Genovese">Genovese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gottfried" title="Paul Gottfried">Gottfried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Davis_Hanson" title="Victor Davis Hanson">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoram_Hazony" title="Yoram Hazony">Hazony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Himmelfarb" title="Gertrude Himmelfarb">Himmelfarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Hermann_Hoppe" title="Hans-Hermann Hoppe">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zora_Neale_Hurston" title="Zora Neale Hurston">Hurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_V._Jaffa" title="Harry V. Jaffa">Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willmoore_Kendall" title="Willmoore Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Kimball" title="Roger Kimball">Kimball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeane_Kirkpatrick" title="Jeane Kirkpatrick">Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kreeft" title="Peter Kreeft">Kreeft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Kristol" title="Irving Kristol">Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_von_Kuehnelt-Leddihn" title="Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn">Kuehnelt-Leddihn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyle_H._Lanier" title="Lyle H. Lanier">Lanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lasch" title="Christopher Lasch">Lasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lind" title="Michael Lind">Lind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft" title="H. P. Lovecraft">Lovecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Loury" title="Glenn Loury">Loury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lukacs" title="John Lukacs">Lukacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">Mencken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Meyer_(political_philosopher)" title="Frank Meyer (political philosopher)">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Molnar" title="Thomas Molnar">Molnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Murray_(political_scientist)" title="Charles Murray (political scientist)">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nisbet" title="Robert Nisbet">Nisbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crowe_Ransom" title="John Crowe Ransom">Ransom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Rieff" title="Philip Rieff">Rieff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">Santayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Schaeffer" title="Francis Schaeffer">Schaeffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Sowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Strauss" title="Leo Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Viereck" title="Peter Viereck">Viereck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Voegelin" title="Eric Voegelin">Voegelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington" title="Booker T. Washington">Washington (Booker)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Weaver" title="Richard M. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Weyl" title="Nathaniel Weyl">Weyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Wolfe</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">Adams (John)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">Adams (John Quincy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bolton" title="John Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">Buchanan (James)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan (Pat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush (George H. W.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">Bush (George W.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">DeSantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Gingrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Harding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Hawley" title="Josh Hawley">Hawley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover (Herbert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Huckabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Boothe_Luce" title="Clare Boothe Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy" title="Joseph McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul (Rand)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Paul (Ron)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randolph_of_Roanoke" title="John Randolph of Roanoke">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Rumsfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Huckabee_Sanders" title="Sarah Huckabee Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Santorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Taft (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft (William)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_of_Caroline" title="John Taylor of Caroline">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Thurmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">Washington (George)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Wolfowitz" title="Paul Wolfowitz">Wolfowitz</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Jurists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Bork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_E._Burger" title="Warren E. Burger">Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Colson" title="Charles Colson">Colson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_T._Frelinghuysen" title="Frederick T. Frelinghuysen">Frelinghuysen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._George" title="Robert P. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Goldsmith" title="Jack Goldsmith">Goldsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Gorsuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lino_Graglia" title="Lino Graglia">Graglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_Harlan_II" title="John Marshall Harlan II">Harlan II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Luttig" title="J. Michael Luttig">Luttig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Meese" title="Edwin Meese">Meese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker" title="Alton B. Parker">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">Rehnquist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Terry_Sanford" title="Edward Terry Sanford">Sanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Scalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">Sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sutherland" title="George Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft (William)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney">Taney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Thomas (Clarence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Vermeule" title="Adrian Vermeule">Vermeule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Whittaker" title="Charles Evans Whittaker">Whittaker</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Commentators</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sohrab_Ahmari" title="Sohrab Ahmari">Ahmari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Beck" title="Glenn Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bongino" title="Dan Bongino">Bongino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Breitbart" title="Andrew Breitbart">Breitbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan (Pat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Caldwell_(journalist)" title="Christopher Caldwell (journalist)">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucker_Carlson" title="Tucker Carlson">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oren_Cass" title="Oren Cass">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chodorov" title="Frank Chodorov">Chodorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Coulter" title="Ann Coulter">Coulter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinesh_D%27Souza" title="Dinesh D'Souza">D'Souza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Derbyshire" title="John Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_DiLorenzo" title="Thomas DiLorenzo">DiLorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Douthat" title="Ross Douthat">Douthat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Dreher" title="Rod Dreher">Dreher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Elder" title="Larry Elder">Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fleming_(political_writer)" title="Thomas Fleming (political writer)">Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_Goldberg" title="Jonah Goldberg">Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Grant_(radio_host)" title="Bob Grant (radio host)">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alyssa_Farah_Griffin" title="Alyssa Farah Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_van_den_Haag" title="Ernest van den Haag">Van den Haag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Hannity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hart" title="Jeffrey Hart">Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Hegseth" title="Pete Hegseth">Hegseth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Herberg" title="Will Herberg">Herberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hoover" title="Margaret Hoover">Hoover (Margaret)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Ingraham" title="Laura Ingraham">Ingraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megyn_Kelly" title="Megyn Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kirk" title="Charlie Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Knowles_(political_commentator)" title="Michael Knowles (political commentator)">Knowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Krauthammer" title="Charles Krauthammer">Krauthammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomi_Lahren" title="Tomi Lahren">Lahren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Levin" title="Mark Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Limbaugh" title="Rush Limbaugh">Limbaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Mac_Donald" title="Heather Mac Donald">Mac Donald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Metaxas" title="Eric Metaxas">Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_John_Neuhaus" title="Richard John Neuhaus">Neuhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Ngo" title="Andy Ngo">Ngo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_North" title="Oliver North">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Novak" title="Robert Novak">Novak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_O%27Reilly_(political_commentator)" title="Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)">O'Reilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candace_Owens" title="Candace Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Podhoretz" title="Norman Podhoretz">Podhoretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pool" title="Tim Pool">Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Portnoy" title="David Portnoy">Portnoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Prager" title="Dennis Prager">Prager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Robertson" title="Pat Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Shapiro" title="Ben Shapiro">Shapiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amity_Shlaes" title="Amity Shlaes">Shlaes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sullivan" title="Andrew Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Walsh_(political_commentator)" title="Matt Walsh (political commentator)">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Watters" title="Jesse Watters">Watters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Whittle" title="Bill Whittle">Whittle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Wintrich" title="Lucian Wintrich">Wintrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Woods" title="Tom Woods">Woods</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Activists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Abramoff" title="Jack Abramoff">Abramoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Agostinelli" title="Robert Agostinelli">Agostinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Ahmanson_Jr." title="Howard Ahmanson Jr.">Ahmanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Andreessen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Andreessen">Andreessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Bannon" title="Steve Bannon">Bannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitlin_Bennett" title="Kaitlin Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Bezmenov" title="Yuri Bezmenov">Bezmenov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Brent_Bozell_Jr." title="L. Brent Bozell Jr.">Bozell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Cohn" title="Roy Cohn">Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Coors" title="Joseph Coors">Coors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dans" title="Paul Dans">Dans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dobson" title="James Dobson">Dobson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Dolan_(activist)" title="Terry Dolan (activist)">Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Drudge" title="Matt Drudge">Drudge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Falwell" title="Jerry Falwell">Falwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Feulner" title="Edwin Feulner">Feulner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Gabriel" title="Brigitte Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Horowitz" title="David Horowitz">Horowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Krikorian_(activist)" title="Mark Krikorian (activist)">Krikorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kirk" title="Charlie Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Kristol" title="Bill Kristol">Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_LaHaye" title="Beverly LaHaye">LaHaye (Beverly)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_LaHaye" title="Tim LaHaye">LaHaye (Tim)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Leo" title="Leonard Leo">Leo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McEntee_(political_aide)" title="John McEntee (political aide)">McEntee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebekah_Mercer" title="Rebekah Mercer">Mercer (Rebekah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mercer" title="Robert Mercer">Mercer (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Miller_(political_advisor)" title="Stephen Miller (political advisor)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Murdoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Musk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Keefe" title="James O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeonmi_Park" title="Yeonmi Park">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Prager" title="Dennis Prager">Prager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Reed" title="Ralph Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Regnery" title="Henry Regnery">Regnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Roberts_(political_strategist)" title="Kevin Roberts (political strategist)">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rove" title="Karl Rove">Rove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rufo" title="Christopher Rufo">Rufo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rusher" title="William A. Rusher">Rusher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mellon_Scaife" title="Richard Mellon Scaife">Scaife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schlafly" title="Andrew Schlafly">Schlafly (Andrew)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Schlafly" title="Phyllis Schlafly">Schlafly (Phyllis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Stone" title="Roger Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robby_Starbuck" title="Robby Starbuck">Starbuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Thiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Viguerie" title="Richard Viguerie">Viguerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginni_Thomas" title="Ginni Thomas">Thomas (Virginia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington" title="Booker T. Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Weyrich" title="Paul Weyrich">Weyrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Wood" title="Robert E. Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Yenor" title="Scott Yenor">Yenor</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a> (1788)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_America" title="Democracy in America">Democracy in America</a> (1835–1840)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_and_Leadership" title="Democracy and Leadership">Democracy and Leadership</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notes_on_Democracy" title="Notes on Democracy">Notes on Democracy</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians#I'll_Take_My_Stand" title="Southern Agrarians">I'll Take My Stand</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Enemy,_the_State" title="Our Enemy, the State">Our Enemy, the State</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Managerial_Revolution" title="The Managerial Revolution">The Managerial Revolution</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideas_Have_Consequences" title="Ideas Have Consequences">Ideas Have Consequences</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_and_Man_at_Yale" title="God and Man at Yale">God and Man at Yale</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Mind" title="The Conservative Mind">The Conservative Mind</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conscience_of_a_Conservative" title="The Conscience of a Conservative">The Conscience of a Conservative</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Choice_Not_an_Echo" title="A Choice Not an Echo">A Choice Not an Echo</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losing_Ground:_American_Social_Policy,_1950%E2%80%931980" class="mw-redirect" title="Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950–1980">Losing Ground</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Conflict_of_Visions" title="A Conflict of Visions">A Conflict of Visions</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Closing_of_the_American_Mind" title="The Closing of the American Mind">The Closing of the American Mind</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bell_Curve:_Intelligence_and_Class_Structure_in_American_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life">The Bell Curve</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Revolt_of_the_Elites" title="The Revolt of the Elites">The Revolt of the Elites</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_the_West" title="The Death of the West">The Death of the West</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Blank_Slate" title="The Blank Slate">The Blank Slate</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Rednecks_and_White_Liberals" title="Black Rednecks and White Liberals">Black Rednecks and White Liberals</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillbilly_Elegy" title="Hillbilly Elegy">Hillbilly Elegy</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Benedict_Option" title="The Benedict Option">The Benedict Option</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Why_Liberalism_Failed" title="Why Liberalism Failed">Why Liberalism Failed</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Concerns</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancel_culture#American_public_opinion" title="Cancel culture">Cancel Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_war#United_States" title="Culture war">Culture war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_multiculturalism#United_States" title="Criticism of multiculturalism">Multiculturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disparate_impact#Controversy" title="Disparate impact">"Disparate impact" controversy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020s_controversies_around_critical_race_theory" title="2020s controversies around critical race theory">CRT controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversity,_equity,_and_inclusion#Criticism_and_controversy" title="Diversity, equity, and inclusion">DEI controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griggs_v._Duke_Power_Co." title="Griggs v. Duke Power Co.">Griggs v. Duke Power Co.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_bubble_in_the_United_States" title="Higher education bubble in the United States">Higher ed. bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_woke,_go_broke" title="Go woke, go broke">Go woke, go broke</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental,_social,_and_governance#Criticism" title="Environmental, social, and governance">ESG</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Corporate_sociopolitical_activism#Counter-movement" title="Corporate sociopolitical activism">Woke capitalism</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeschooling#United_States" title="Homeschooling">Homeschooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_reduction_in_the_United_States" title="Immigration reduction in the United States">Immigration reduction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">Illegal immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States_and_crime" title="Illegal immigration to the United States and crime">Immigration and crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border_crisis" title="Mexico–United States border crisis">Border crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_public_policy" title="Intelligence and public policy">Intelligence and public policy</a></li> <li>Constitutional interpretations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Originalism" title="Originalism">Originalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textualism" title="Textualism">Textualism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managerial_state" title="Managerial state">Managerial state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudsill_theory" title="Mudsill theory">Mudsill theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">Second Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-replacement_fertility#United_States" title="Sub-replacement fertility">Sub-replacement fertility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitary_executive_theory" title="Unitary executive theory">Unitary executive</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist">Active <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Party_(1969)" title="American Party (1969)">American Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">American Independent Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">Conservative Party of New York State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></li></ul> Defunct <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonic_Party" title="Anti-Masonic Party">Anti-Masonic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Union Party (United States)">Constitutional Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> (historically, factions) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boll_weevil_(politics)" title="Boll weevil (politics)">Boll weevils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democrat" title="Conservative Democrat">Conservative Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixiecrat" title="Dixiecrat">Dixiecrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan Democrats">Reagan Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Democrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Democrat">Southern Democrats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorr_Rebellion" title="Dorr Rebellion">Rhode Island Suffrage Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Party" title="National Republican Party">National Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American Party">Native American Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Think tanks</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acton_Institute" title="Acton Institute">Acton Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville_Institution" title="Alexis de Tocqueville Institution">AdTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Enterprise_Institute" title="American Enterprise Institute">AEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Security_Policy" title="Center for Security Policy">CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_the_National_Interest" title="Center for the National Interest">Center for the National Interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Institute" title="Claremont Institute">Claremont Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute">CEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Horowitz_Freedom_Center" title="David Horowitz Freedom Center">CSPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_and_Public_Policy_Center" title="Ethics and Public Policy Center">EPPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Institute" title="Family Research Institute">FRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatestone_Institute" title="Gatestone Institute">Gatestone Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartland_Institute" title="Heartland Institute">Heartland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Action" title="Heritage Action">Heritage Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership" title="Mandate for Leadership">Mandate for Leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_2025" title="Project 2025">Project 2025</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Institution" title="Hoover Institution">Hoover Institution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Institute" title="Hudson Institute">Hudson Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercollegiate_Studies_Institute" title="Intercollegiate Studies Institute">ISI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Program_in_American_Ideals_and_Institutions" title="James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions">James Madison Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_Institute" title="Leadership Institute">Leadership Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Institute_for_Policy_Research" title="Manhattan Institute for Policy Research">Manhattan Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mises_Institute" title="Mises Institute">Mises Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Research_Institute" title="Pacific Research Institute">PRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_for_the_New_American_Century" title="Project for the New American Century">Project for the New American Century</a> (Defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_Society" title="Ripon Society">Ripon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_Street_Institute" title="R Street Institute">R Street Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockford_Institute" title="Rockford Institute">Rockford Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Policy_Network" title="State Policy Network">SPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutherland_Institute" title="Sutherland Institute">Sutherland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Foundation" title="Tax Foundation">Tax Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witherspoon_Institute" title="Witherspoon Institute">Witherspoon Institute</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> Newspapers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Morning_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Morning News">Dallas Morning News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Epoch_Times" title="The Epoch Times">The Epoch Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Union_Leader" title="New Hampshire Union Leader">New Hampshire Union Leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Voice" title="The Jewish Voice">The Jewish Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Observer" title="The New York Observer">The New York Observer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Remnant_(newspaper)" title="The Remnant (newspaper)">The Remnant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a> <a href="/wiki/Editorial_board_at_The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="Editorial board at The Wall Street Journal">(editorial board)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a></li></ul> Journals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Affairs" title="American Affairs">American Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Conservative" title="The American Conservative">The American Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Spectator" title="The American Spectator">The American Spectator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Thinker" title="American Thinker">American Thinker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Journal" title="City Journal">City Journal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Review_of_Books" title="Claremont Review of Books">Claremont Review of Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commentary_(magazine)" title="Commentary (magazine)">Commentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_(American_magazine)" title="Compact (American magazine)">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronicles_(magazine)" title="Chronicles (magazine)">Chronicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch" title="The Dispatch">The Dispatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Things" title="First Things">First Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Imaginative_Conservative" title="The Imaginative Conservative">The Imaginative Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_World_Review" title="Jewish World Review">Jewish World Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Age_(periodical)" title="Modern Age (periodical)">Modern Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Affairs" title="National Affairs">National Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_National_Interest" title="The National Interest">The National Interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Review" title="National Review">National Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_American" title="The New American">The New American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Atlantis_(journal)" title="The New Atlantis (journal)">The New Atlantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Criterion" title="The New Criterion">The New Criterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Policy_Review" title="Policy Review">Policy Review</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Discourse" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Discourse">Public Discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Partisan" title="Southern Partisan">Southern Partisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectator_USA" class="mw-redirect" title="Spectator USA">Spectator USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablet_(magazine)" title="Tablet (magazine)">Tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taki%27s_Magazine" title="Taki's Magazine">Taki's Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telos_(journal)" title="Telos (journal)">Telos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Weekly_Standard" title="The Weekly Standard">The Weekly Standard</a> (defunct)</li></ul> TV channels <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Broadcasting_Network" title="Christian Broadcasting Network">CBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Business" title="Fox Business">Fox Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsmax_TV" title="Newsmax TV">Newsmax TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_News_Network" title="One America News Network">One America News Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VOZ_(media_company)" title="VOZ (media company)">VOZ</a></li></ul> Websites <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Babylon_Bee" title="The Babylon Bee">Babylon Bee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breitbart_News" title="Breitbart News">Breitbart News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bulwark_(website)" title="The Bulwark (website)">The Bulwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_Reform" title="Campus Reform">Campus Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Center_Square" title="The Center Square">The Center Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Review" title="Conservative Review">Conservative Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Caller" title="The Daily Caller">Daily Caller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Signal" title="The Daily Signal">Daily Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Wire" title="The Daily Wire">Daily Wire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discover_the_Networks" title="Discover the Networks">Discover the Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_(website)" title="The Federalist (website)">The Federalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FrontPage_Magazine" title="FrontPage Magazine">FrontPage Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_Porch_Republic" title="Front Porch Republic">Front Porch Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gateway_Pundit" title="The Gateway Pundit">Gateway Pundit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Air" title="Hot Air">Hot Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Events" title="Human Events">Human Events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Journal_Review" title="Independent Journal Review">Independent Journal Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InfoWars" title="InfoWars">InfoWars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad_Watch" title="Jihad Watch">Jihad Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LifeZette" title="LifeZette">LifeZette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NewsBusters" class="mw-redirect" title="NewsBusters">NewsBusters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PJ_Media" title="PJ Media">PJ Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rare_(website)" title="Rare (website)">Rare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RedState" title="RedState">RedState</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch" title="The Dispatch">The Dispatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townhall" title="Townhall">Townhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitchy" title="Twitchy">Twitchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Free_Beacon" title="The Washington Free Beacon">The Washington Free Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Western_Journal" title="The Western Journal">The Western Journal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldNetDaily" title="WorldNetDaily">WorldNetDaily</a></li></ul> Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaze_Media" title="Blaze Media">Blaze Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encounter_Books" title="Encounter Books">Encounter Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evie_Magazine" title="Evie Magazine">Evie Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_TV" title="The First TV">The First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imprimis" title="Imprimis">Imprimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Political_Cesspool" title="The Political Cesspool">The Political Cesspool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Publishing" title="Passage Publishing">Passage Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PragerU" title="PragerU">PragerU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealClearPolitics" title="RealClearPolitics">RealClearPolitics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare_(podcast)" title="Red Scare (podcast)">Red Scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnery_Publishing" title="Regnery Publishing">Regnery Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Side_Broadcasting_Network" title="Right Side Broadcasting Network">RSBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rubin_Report" title="The Rubin Report">The Rubin Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Broadcast_Group" title="Sinclair Broadcast Group">Sinclair Broadcast Group</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Other organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> Economics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Tax_Reform" title="Americans for Tax Reform">ATR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreedomWorks" title="FreedomWorks">FreedomWorks</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Independent_Business" title="National Federation of Independent Business">NFIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Taxpayers_Union" title="National Taxpayers Union">NTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Patriots" title="Tea Party Patriots">Tea Party Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="United States Chamber of Commerce">USCC</a></li></ul> Gun rights <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_Owners_of_America" title="Gun Owners of America">GOA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_Gun_Rights" title="National Association for Gun Rights">NAGR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Rifle_Association" title="National Rifle Association">NRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_Caucus" title="Second Amendment Caucus">Second Amendment Caucus</a></li></ul> Identity politics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACT_for_America" title="ACT for America">ACT!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerned_Women_for_America" title="Concerned Women for America">CWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Conservative_Citizens" title="Council of Conservative Citizens">Council of Conservative Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gays_Against_Groomers" title="Gays Against Groomers">GAG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Women%27s_Forum" title="Independent Women's Forum">IWF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Cabin_Republicans" title="Log Cabin Republicans">LCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moms_for_Liberty" title="Moms for Liberty">Moms for Liberty</a></li></ul> Nativist <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Immigration_Studies" title="Center for Immigration Studies">CIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_for_American_Immigration_Reform" title="Federation for American Immigration Reform">FAIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NumbersUSA" title="NumbersUSA">NumbersUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oath_Keepers" title="Oath Keepers">Oath Keepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Percenters" title="Three Percenters">Three Percenters</a></li></ul> Religion <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Defending_Freedom" title="Alliance Defending Freedom">ADF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_court_cases_involving_Alliance_Defending_Freedom" title="List of court cases involving Alliance Defending Freedom">Court cases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Center_for_Law_%26_Justice" title="American Center for Law & Justice">ACLJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Family_Association" title="American Family Association">AFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_the_Defense_of_Tradition,_Family_and_Property" title="American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property">The American TFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcedon_Foundation" title="Chalcedon Foundation">Chalcedon Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Coalition_of_America" title="Christian Coalition of America">CCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Voice_(United_States)" title="Christian Voice (United States)">Christian Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Forum" title="Eagle Forum">Eagle Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Council" title="Family Research Council">FCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fellowship_(Christian_organization)" title="The Fellowship (Christian organization)">The Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_and_Freedom_Coalition" title="Faith and Freedom Coalition">FFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focus_on_the_Family" title="Focus on the Family">Focus on the Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Moral_Law" title="Foundation for Moral Law">Foundation for Moral Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Counsel" title="Liberty Counsel">Liberty Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_Majority" title="Moral Majority">Moral Majority</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Organization_for_Marriage" title="National Organization for Marriage">NOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Right_to_Life_Committee" title="National Right to Life Committee">NRLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parents_Television_and_Media_Council" title="Parents Television and Media Council">PTMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony_Pro-Life_America" title="Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America">Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More_Law_Center" title="Thomas More Law Center">Thomas More Law Center</a></li></ul> Watchdog groups <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accuracy_in_Media" title="Accuracy in Media">AIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Econ_Journal_Watch" title="Econ Journal Watch">Econ Journal Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_News_Foundation" title="Franklin News Foundation">Franklin News Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Watch" title="Judicial Watch">JW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Research_Center" title="Media Research Center">MRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Keefe_Media_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Keefe Media Group">O'Keefe Media Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Veritas" title="Project Veritas">Project Veritas</a> (defunct)</li></ul> Youth/student groups <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Journalism_Center" title="National Journalism Center">NJC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turning_Point_USA" title="Turning Point USA">TPUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Freedom" title="Young Americans for Freedom">Young Americans for Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_America%27s_Foundation" title="Young America's Foundation">Young America's Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Liberty" title="Young Americans for Liberty">YAL</a></li></ul> Miscellaneous <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_85_Fund" title="The 85 Fund">The 85 Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Western_Civilization" title="Alexander Hamilton Institute for the Study of Western Civilization">AHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Conservative_Union" title="American Conservative Union">ACU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Foundation" title="Bradley Foundation">Bradley Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Caucus" title="The Conservative Caucus">TCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_National_Policy" title="Council for National Policy">CNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Political_Action_Conference" title="Conservative Political Action Conference">CPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Caucus" title="Freedom Caucus">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsdale_College" title="Hillsdale College">Hillsdale College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Freedom_Foundation" title="Idaho Freedom Foundation">IFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">JBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Olin_Foundation" title="John M. Olin Foundation">John M. Olin Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Fund" title="Liberty Fund">Liberty Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">LU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Scholars" title="National Association of Scholars">NAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Society" title="Philadelphia Society">Philadelphia Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_University" title="Regent University">Regent University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">RSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk_Center_for_Cultural_Renewal" title="Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal">Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Public_Policy_Foundation" title="Texas Public Policy Foundation">TPPF</a></li></ul> Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Legal" title="America First Legal">AFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Network" title="Atlas Network">Atlas Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Network" title="Collegiate Network">CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservAmerica" title="ConservAmerica">ConservAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donors_Trust" title="Donors Trust">Donors Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Society" title="Federalist Society">FedSoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettr" title="Gettr">Gettr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Justice_Institute" title="Pacific Justice Institute">PJI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parler" title="Parler">Parler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(app)" title="The Right Stuff (app)">The Right Stuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_American_Civic_Renewal" title="Society for American Civic Renewal">SACR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">YRNF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziklag_(organization)" title="Ziklag (organization)">Ziklag</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Movements</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_and_Pacific_Islands_American_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Asian American and Pacific Islands American conservatism in the United States">Asian and Pacific Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Black conservatism in the United States">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Christian right</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_reconstructionism#Influence_on_the_Christian_right_in_general" title="Christian reconstructionism">Reconstructionism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_education_movement" title="Classical education movement">Classical education movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paideia" title="Paideia">Paideia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Women in conservatism in the United States">Female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_conservatism#United_States" title="Green conservatism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Hispanic and Latino conservatism in the United States">Hispanic and Latino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_conservatism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT conservatism in the United States">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">Libertarian republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_militia_movement" title="American militia movement">Militia movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Monarchism in the United States">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_and_politics_in_the_United_States" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and politics in the United States">Mormon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_Horse_Prophecy" title="White Horse Prophecy">White Horse Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodemocracy" title="Theodemocracy">Theodemocracy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parental_rights_movement" title="Parental rights movement">Parental rights movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement" title="Fathers' rights movement">Fathers' rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_movement" title="Patriot movement">Patriot movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Patriot_movement" title="Christian Patriot movement">Christian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_right_(United_States)" title="Radical right (United States)">Radical right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary_feminism" title="Reactionary feminism">Reactionary feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-libertarianism#United_States" title="Right-libertarianism">Right-libertarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolibertarianism" title="Paleolibertarianism">Paleolibertarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secession_in_the_United_States" title="Secession in the United States">Secessionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Confederates" title="Neo-Confederates">Neo-Confederates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_secession_movements" title="Texas secession movements">in Texas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Never_Trump_movement" title="Never Trump movement">Never Trump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda_47" title="Agenda 47">Agenda 47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_First_(policy)" title="America First (policy)">America First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Bibliography of conservatism in the United States">Bibliography of US conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_talk_radio" title="Conservative talk radio">Conservative talk radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">GOP factions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="History of conservatism in the United States">History of US conservatism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_modern_American_conservatism" title="Timeline of modern American conservatism">Modern timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_conservatives" title="List of American conservatives">List of American conservatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservatism_Conference" title="National Conservatism Conference">NatCon</a></li> <li>Colloquialisms <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Barstool_conservatism" title="Barstool conservatism">Barstool conservatism</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cuckservative" title="Cuckservative">Cuckservative</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_immanentize_the_eschaton!" class="mw-redirect" title="Don't immanentize the eschaton!">Don't immanentize the eschaton!</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_pounce" title="Republicans pounce">Republicans pounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_in_Name_Only" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican in Name Only">RINO</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/South_Park_Republican" title="South Park Republican">South Park Republican</a>"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li> <li><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_US" title="Template:Conservatism US"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_US" title="Template talk:Conservatism US"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_US" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism US"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Political positions of Sarah Palin">Political positions of Sarah Palin</a></div> Palin has been a registered Republican since 1982.<a href="#cite_note-323">[323]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3></div> Palin opposed the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">2010 health care reform package</a>, saying it would lead to rationing of health care by a bureaucracy, which she described using the term "<a href="/wiki/Death_panel" title="Death panel">death panels</a>". This legislation is the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act</a>, as modified by the <a href="/wiki/Health_Care_and_Education_Reconciliation_Act_of_2010" title="Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010">Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010</a>.<a href="#cite_note-324">[324]</a> She also opposes <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a>, including in cases of <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">incest</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Embryonic_stem_cell" title="Embryonic stem cell">embryonic stem cell</a> research, but supports it if the mother's life is in jeopardy.<a href="#cite_note-gibson_p7-325">[325]</a> She supports <a href="/wiki/Parental_consent" title="Parental consent">parental consent</a> as a requirement for female minors seeking an abortion.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_ElectionGuide2008_VP-326">[326]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_issues">Social issues</h3></div> Palin opposes <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a><a href="#cite_note-327">[327]</a> and supports <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">capital punishment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-328">[328]</a> She has also called <a href="/wiki/Marijuana" class="mw-redirect" title="Marijuana">marijuana</a> use a "minimal issue" and suggested that arresting cannabis users should be a low priority for local police. Although she opposes full legalization, she admits to smoking marijuana recreationally when it was legal in Alaska.<a href="#cite_note-329">[329]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3></div> Palin supports <a href="/wiki/Sex_education_in_the_United_States" title="Sex education in the United States">sex education in public schools</a> that encourages <a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">sexual abstinence</a> along with teaching about <a href="/wiki/Contraception" class="mw-redirect" title="Contraception">contraception</a>.<a href="#cite_note-330">[330]</a> She also supports discussion of <a href="/wiki/Creationism" title="Creationism">creationism</a> during lessons on <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">evolution</a> in public schools.<a href="#cite_note-ADN_Kizzia_20061027-331">[331]</a> Palin believes evolution "should be taught as an accepted principle" and said that her belief in God's role in Earth's creation "is not part of the state policy or a local curriculum in a school district. Science should be taught in science class."<a href="#cite_note-332">[332]</a> (See <a href="/wiki/Creation%E2%80%93evolution_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Creation–evolution controversy">Creation–evolution controversy</a>.) <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guns">Guns</h3></div> A Life Member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Rifle_Association_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rifle Association of America">National Rifle Association of America</a> (NRA),<a href="#cite_note-twsBBC1-333">[333]</a> Palin interprets the <a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Second Amendment to the United States Constitution">Second Amendment</a> as including the right to <a href="/wiki/Handgun" title="Handgun">handgun</a> possession and opposes bans on <a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_firearm" title="Semi-automatic firearm">semi-automatic</a> <a href="/wiki/Assault_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Assault weapons">assault weapons</a>.<a href="#cite_note-abcnews1-334">[334]</a> She supports <a href="/wiki/Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">gun safety</a> education for youth.<a href="#cite_note-Braiker-335">[335]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3></div> Palin supports off-shore drilling, and land-based drilling in the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Arctic National Wildlife Refuge">Arctic National Wildlife Refuge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ANWR-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-336">[336]</a> When commenting on the Gulf Coast oil disaster Palin said, "I repeat the slogan 'drill here, drill now.'"<a href="#cite_note-337">[337]</a> She said, "I want our country to be able to trust the oil industry."<a href="#cite_note-338">[338]</a> Palin asked supporters to read an article by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Thomas Sowell</a> that criticized Obama for having BP pay to an <a href="/wiki/Escrow" title="Escrow">escrow</a> fund.<a href="#cite_note-339">[339]</a> Palin considers herself a <a href="/wiki/Conservation_movement" title="Conservation movement">conservationist</a><a href="#cite_note-SnakeOil-340">[340]</a> and during the 2008 campaign said "of global warming, climate change, whether it's entirely, wholly caused by man's activities or is part of the cyclical nature of our planet...John McCain and I agree that we have to make sure that we're doing all we can to cut down on pollution."<a href="#cite_note-Palin_Goldman-341">[341]</a> She opposed <a href="/wiki/Cap-and-trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Cap-and-trade">cap-and-trade</a> proposals contained in the yet to be defeated <a href="/wiki/American_Clean_Energy_and_Security_Act" title="American Clean Energy and Security Act">ACES energy bill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CapandTax-342">[342]</a> Speaking at a 2009 Department of Interior hearing, Palin acknowledged that "many believe" a global effort to reduce greenhouse gases is needed. She stated, "[S]topping domestic energy production of preferred fuels does not solve the issues associated with global warming and threatened or endangered species, but it can make them worse... These available fuels are required to supply the nation's energy needs during the transition to green energy alternatives."<a href="#cite_note-343">[343]</a> After the election and the <a href="/wiki/Climatic_Research_Unit_email_controversy" title="Climatic Research Unit email controversy">Climatic Research Unit email controversy</a>, Palin spoke at a 2010 California logging conference calling studies supporting the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_consensus_on_climate_change" title="Scientific consensus on climate change">scientific consensus on climate change</a> "snake oil science". She attacked what she called "heavy-handed" environmental laws and cited her 2008 suit, as Alaska's governor, against the federal government to overturn <a href="/wiki/Polar_bear#Conservation_status" title="Polar bear">the listing of polar bears as a threatened species</a>. She considered environmental regulations as an economic burden to businesses trying to recover from the recession and environmental activists as wanting to "lock up the land".<a href="#cite_note-SnakeOil-340">[340]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_1.jpg/220px-Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_1.jpg/330px-Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_1.jpg/440px-Sarah_Palin_Kuwait_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="1104" /></a><figcaption>Palin (red shirt) in Kuwait, July 26, 2007</figcaption></figure> Palin is a strong supporter of Israel.<a href="#cite_note-AIPAC-344">[344]</a><a href="#cite_note-345">[345]</a> Referring to Iran's threat to Israel, Palin said Obama would be reelected if "he played the war card. Say he decided to declare war on Iran or decided really come out and do whatever he could to support Israel, which I would like him to do."<a href="#cite_note-346">[346]</a> On <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign policy of the United States">foreign policy</a>, Palin supported the <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. Bush administration">George W. Bush administration</a>'s policies in Iraq, but was concerned that "dependence on foreign energy" may be obstructing efforts to "have an exit plan in place".<a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-347">[347]</a><a href="#cite_note-348">[348]</a> Palin supports preemptive military action in the face of an imminent threat, and supports U.S. military operations in Pakistan. She also supported the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War_troop_surge_of_2007" title="Iraq War troop surge of 2007">surge strategy</a> in Iraq, the use of additional ground forces in Afghanistan, and, in general, maintaining a strong defensive posture by increasing the defense budget.<a href="#cite_note-349">[349]</a> Palin opposed the Obama administration's proposed <a href="/wiki/Authorization_for_the_Use_of_Military_Force_Against_the_Government_of_Syria_to_Respond_to_Use_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Authorization for the Use of Military Force Against the Government of Syria to Respond to Use of Chemical Weapons">2013 military intervention in Syrian Civil War</a>, suggesting to let "Allah sort it out" in the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-350">[350]</a> In 2008, Palin supported <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> membership for Ukraine and <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-url-351">[351]</a> and affirms that if Russia invaded a NATO member, the United States should meet <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty" title="North Atlantic Treaty">its treaty</a> obligations.<a href="#cite_note-352">[352]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, Palin advocated for a reduction in U.S. military aid to Ukraine and criticized U.S. involvement in the conflict.<a href="#cite_note-353">[353]</a> Palin opposed the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action</a> which placed limits on Iran's nuclear program, on the grounds that the treaty was not strict enough. In a September 9, 2015, speech, she said, "Only in an Orwellian Obama world full of sparkly fairy dust blown from atop his unicorn as he's peeking through a pretty pink kaleidoscope would he ever see victory or safety for America or Israel in this treaty."<a href="#cite_note-354">[354]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Television_appearance">Television appearance</h2></div> In 2020, Palin competed in <a href="/wiki/The_Masked_Singer_(American_TV_series)_season_3" title="The Masked Singer (American TV series) season 3">season three</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Masked_Singer_(American_TV_series)" title="The Masked Singer (American TV series)">The Masked Singer</a> as "Bear". She was the first of Group C to be eliminated and stated to <a href="/wiki/Nick_Cannon" title="Nick Cannon">Nick Cannon</a> that she did it as a 'walking middle finger to the haters'.<a href="#cite_note-355">[355]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin%27s_house.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sarah_Palin%27s_house.jpg/220px-Sarah_Palin%27s_house.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sarah_Palin%27s_house.jpg/330px-Sarah_Palin%27s_house.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sarah_Palin%27s_house.jpg/440px-Sarah_Palin%27s_house.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption>The Palins' home in Wasilla</figcaption></figure> In August 1988, Palin <a href="/wiki/Elopement_(marriage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elopement (marriage)">eloped</a> with <a href="/wiki/Todd_Palin" title="Todd Palin">Todd Palin</a>, her high-school sweetheart,<a href="#cite_note-KIZZA-44">[44]</a> and together they have five children: sons Track Charles James (born 1989)<a href="#cite_note-356">[356]</a><a href="#cite_note-SlateFAQ-357">[357]</a> and Trig Paxson Van (born 2008), and daughters <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Palin" title="Bristol Palin">Bristol Sheeran Marie</a><a href="#cite_note-358">[358]</a> (born 1990), Willow Bianca Faye (born 1994), and Piper Indy Grace (born 2001).<a href="#cite_note-nytimes_bio-359">[359]</a><a href="#cite_note-quinn-360">[360]</a> Palin's youngest child, Trig, born 2008, was prenatally diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Down_syndrome" title="Down syndrome">Down syndrome</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DemberADN-361">[361]</a> Palin has nine grandchildren: three by Bristol,<a href="#cite_note-362">[362]</a><a href="#cite_note-363">[363]</a> two by Track<a href="#cite_note-364">[364]</a> three by Willow,<a href="#cite_note-365">[365]</a><a href="#cite_note-366">[366]</a> and one by Piper. Todd Palin worked for oil company <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a> as an oil-field production operator, retiring in 2009. He owns a <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial fishing</a> business.<a href="#cite_note-nytoutsider0829-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-367">[367]</a> Palin was "baptized Catholic as a newborn", as her mother, Sally, had been raised Catholic. However, the Heath family "started going to non-denominational churches" thereafter.<a href="#cite_note-NewtonTIME-368">[368]</a> Later, her family joined the <a href="/wiki/Wasilla_Assembly_of_God" title="Wasilla Assembly of God">Wasilla Assembly of God</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a> church,<a href="#cite_note-369">[369]</a> which she attended until 2002.<a href="#cite_note-370">[370]</a> Palin then switched to the <a href="/wiki/Wasilla_Bible_Church" title="Wasilla Bible Church">Wasilla Bible Church</a>.<a href="#cite_note-miller-371">[371]</a> Several news reports posted immediately after McCain named her his running mate called her the first Pentecostal/<a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">charismatic</a> believer to appear on a major-party ticket.<a href="#cite_note-372">[372]</a> However, Palin herself eschews the "Pentecostal" or "charismatic" label, describing herself as a "<a href="/wiki/Bible_believer" title="Bible believer">Bible-believing</a> <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a>".<a href="#cite_note-NewtonTIME-368">[368]</a> Todd filed for divorce from Sarah on August 29, 2019, citing "incompatibility of temperament". He requested an equal division of debts and assets, and to have joint custody of their son, Trig.<a href="#cite_note-373">[373]</a> The divorce was finalized on March 23, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-374">[374]</a><a href="#cite_note-375">[375]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_image">Public image</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Public image of Sarah Palin">Public image of Sarah Palin</a></div> In June 2008, the Alumni Association of North Idaho College gave Palin its Distinguished Alumni Achievement Award.<a href="#cite_note-USNewsCollegeCareer-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-376">[376]</a> Prior to the 2008 Republican National Convention, a <a href="/wiki/Gallup_poll" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup poll">Gallup poll</a> found that a majority of voters were unfamiliar with Sarah Palin. During her campaign to become vice president, 39% said Palin was ready to serve as president if needed, 33% said Palin was not, and 29% had no opinion. This was "the lowest vote of confidence in a running mate since the <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">elder George Bush</a> chose then-Indiana senator <a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle</a> to join his ticket in 1988."<a href="#cite_note-377">[377]</a> Following the convention, her image came under close media scrutiny,<a href="#cite_note-FairbanksDailyNewsMiner-378">[378]</a><a href="#cite_note-379">[379]</a> particularly with regard to her religious perspective on public life, her socially conservative views, and her perceived lack of experience or intelligence. Palin's lack of experience in foreign and domestic politics was criticized by conservatives as well as liberals following her nomination.<a href="#cite_note-Frerking-380">[380]</a><a href="#cite_note-David_Frum-381">[381]</a><a href="#cite_note-WP_Will-382">[382]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian1-383">[383]</a> At the same time, Palin became more popular than John McCain among Republicans.<a href="#cite_note-freshface-384">[384]</a> One month after being introduced as McCain's running mate, she was viewed both more favorably and unfavorably among voters than her Democratic opponent, <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rasmussen_09-24-08-385">[385]</a> A plurality of the television audience rated Biden's performance higher at the <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2008 United States presidential debates">2008 vice-presidential debate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rasmussen_09-24-08-385">[385]</a><a href="#cite_note-386">[386]</a> Media outlets repeated Palin's statement that she "stood up to <a href="/wiki/Big_Oil" title="Big Oil">Big Oil</a>" when she resigned after 11 months as the head of the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission. She said it was because of abuses she witnessed involving other Republican commissioners and their ties to energy companies and energy lobbyists; she claimed to have confronted the industry when she raised taxes on oil companies as governor.<a href="#cite_note-politifact1-387">[387]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters1-388">[388]</a> In turn, others have said that Palin is a "friend of Big Oil" due to her advocacy for oil exploration and development including for drilling in the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Arctic National Wildlife Refuge">Arctic National Wildlife Refuge</a> and for the de-listing of the <a href="/wiki/Polar_bear" title="Polar bear">polar bear</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">endangered species</a>.<a href="#cite_note-politifact1-387">[387]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters1-388">[388]</a> Since 2017, Palin has spoken out in support of <a href="/wiki/Julian_Assange" title="Julian Assange">Julian Assange</a> and in 2020 she called for him to be pardoned, saying, "I am the first one to admit when I make a mistake and I admit that I made a mistake some years ago, not supporting Julian Assange, thinking that he was a bad guy”.<a href="#cite_note-389">[389]</a> Palin was named one of America's "10 Most Fascinating People of 2008" by <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Walters" title="Barbara Walters">Barbara Walters</a> for an ABC special on December 4, 2008.<a href="#cite_note-dimond1-390">[390]</a> In April 2010, she was selected as one of the world's 100 most influential people by <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine.<a href="#cite_note-tm_04-2010-391">[391]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>1992 Wasilla City Council Seat E election<a href="#cite_note-392">[392]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#C0C0C0;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan politician">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sarah Palin </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">530 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">54.92 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#C0C0C0;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan politician">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">John Hartrick </td> <td style="text-align:right">310 </td> <td style="text-align:right">32.12 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFFFFF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Write-in" class="mw-redirect" title="Write-in">Write-in</a> </td> <td class="fn">Others </td> <td style="text-align:right">125 </td> <td style="text-align:right">12.95 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">965 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>1996 Wasilla mayoral election<a href="#cite_note-393">[393]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#C0C0C0;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan politician">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sarah H. Palin </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">651 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">57.66 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#C0C0C0;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan politician">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">John C. Stein (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right">440 </td> <td style="text-align:right">38.97 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#C0C0C0;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan politician">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Cliff Silvers </td> <td style="text-align:right">36 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.19 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFFFFF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Write-in" class="mw-redirect" title="Write-in">Write-in</a> </td> <td class="fn">Others </td> <td style="text-align:right">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.18 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">965 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>1999 Wasilla mayoral election<a href="#cite_note-394">[394]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#C0C0C0;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan politician">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sarah Palin (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">909 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">73.60 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#C0C0C0;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan politician">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">John Stein </td> <td style="text-align:right">292 </td> <td style="text-align:right">23.64 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#C0C0C0;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan politician">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Cliff Silvers </td> <td style="text-align:right">32 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.59 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFFFFF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Write-in" class="mw-redirect" title="Write-in">Write-in</a> </td> <td class="fn">Others </td> <td style="text-align:right">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.16 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,235 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">32.62 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2006_Alaska_gubernatorial_election#Republican_primary" title="2006 Alaska gubernatorial election">2006 Alaska gubernatorial Republican primary</a><a href="#cite_note-395">[395]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of Alaska">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sarah Palin </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">51,443 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">50.59 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of Alaska">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_Binkley" title="John Binkley">John Binkley</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">30,349 </td> <td style="text-align:right">29.84 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of Alaska">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Murkowski" title="Frank Murkowski">Frank Murkowski</a> (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right">19,412 </td> <td style="text-align:right">19.09 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of Alaska">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Heikes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald Heikes">Gerald Heikes</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">280 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.28 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of Alaska">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Merica Hlatcu </td> <td style="text-align:right">211 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.21 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">101,695 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.00 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2006_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Alaska gubernatorial election">2006 Alaska gubernatorial election</a><a href="#cite_note-396">[396]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>±% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sarah Palin </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">114,697 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">48.33 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">−7.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Knowles_(politician)" title="Tony Knowles (politician)">Tony Knowles</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">97,238 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">40.97 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+0.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DCDCDC; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Halcro" title="Andrew Halcro">Andrew Halcro</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">22,443 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">9.46 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">n/a </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FFC14E; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Independence_Party" title="Alaskan Independence Party">Independence</a> </td> <td class="fn">Don Wright </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,285 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.54 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−0.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Billy Toien </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">682 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.29 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−0.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #17aa5c; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Alaska" title="Green Party of Alaska">Green</a> </td> <td class="fn">David Massie </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">593 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.25 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−1.0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px">Write-in candidate </td> <td class="fn">Write-in votes </td> <td style="text-align:right;">384 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Plurality </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">17,459 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">7.36 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">238,307 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">51.1 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;">-7.6 </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008 United States presidential election</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Party </th> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Presidential Candidate </th> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Vice Presidential Candidate </th> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Popular vote </th> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Electoral vote </th></tr> <tr> <th>Count </th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#3333FF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> </td> <td>69,456,897 </td> <td>52.92% </td> <td>365 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#E81B23"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Sarah Palin </td> <td>59,934,786 </td> <td>45.66% </td> <td>173 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#DCDCDC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Matt_Gonzalez" title="Matt Gonzalez">Matt Gonzalez</a> </td> <td>738,475 </td> <td>0.56% </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FED105"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Barr" title="Bob Barr">Bob Barr</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Allyn_Root" title="Wayne Allyn Root">Wayne Allyn Root</a> </td> <td>523,686 </td> <td>0.40% </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#17aa5c"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_McKinney" title="Cynthia McKinney">Cynthia McKinney</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Clemente" title="Rosa Clemente">Rosa Clemente</a> </td> <td>161,603 </td> <td>0.12% </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#DDDDBB"> </td> <td colspan="3">Other </td> <td>226,908 </td> <td>0.17% </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" rowspan="2">Total </td> <td>131,241,669 </td> <td>100% </td> <td>538 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2022_Alaska%27s_at-large_congressional_district_special_election" title="2022 Alaska's at-large congressional district special election">2022 Alaska's at-large congressional district special election</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTresults-397">[397]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Candidate </th> <th colspan="3">Round 1 </th> <th colspan="2">Round 2 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Transfer </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#3333FF"> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Peltola" title="Mary Peltola">Mary Peltola</a> </td> <td>74,807 </td> <td>39.66% </td> <td>+17,000 </td> <td>91,206 </td> <td>51.47% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#E81B23"> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left" scope="row">Sarah Palin </td> <td>58,328 </td> <td>30.93% </td> <td>+27,659 </td> <td>85,987 </td> <td>48.53% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#E81B23"> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nick_Begich_III" title="Nick Begich III">Nick Begich</a> </td> <td>52,504 </td> <td>27.84% </td> <td style="background:pink;">-52,504 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;">Eliminated </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#FFFFFF"> </th> <td style="text-align:left" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td>2,971 </td> <td>1.58% </td> <td style="background:pink;">-2,971 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;">Eliminated </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background:#f6f6f6;"> <th colspan="3" scope="row" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td>188,610 </td> <td>100.00% </td> <td> </td> <td>177,193 </td> <td>94.29% </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background:#f6f6f6;"> <th colspan="3" scope="row" style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Instant-runoff_voting#Invalid_ballots_and_incomplete_ballots" title="Instant-runoff voting">Inactive ballots</a> </th> <td>0 </td> <td>0.00% </td> <td>+10,726 </td> <td>10,726 </td> <td>5.71% </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background:#f6f6f6;"> <th style="background-color:#3333FF"> </th> <td style="text-align:left" colspan="8"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> gain from <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Alaska" title="2022 United States House of Representatives election in Alaska">2022 Alaska's at-large congressional district election</a><a href="#cite_note-2022genl-322">[322]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Candidate </th> <th colspan="3">Round 1 </th> <th colspan="3">Round 2 </th> <th colspan="2">Round 3 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Transfer </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Transfer </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#3333FF"> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Peltola" title="Mary Peltola">Mary Peltola</a> (incumbent) </td> <td>128,329 </td> <td>48.68% </td> <td>+1,038 </td> <td>129,433 </td> <td>49.20% </td> <td>+7,460 </td> <td>136,893 </td> <td>54.94% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#E81B23"> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left" scope="row">Sarah Palin </td> <td>67,732 </td> <td>25.74% </td> <td>+1,064 </td> <td>69,242 </td> <td>26.32% </td> <td>+43,013 </td> <td>112,255 </td> <td>45.06% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#E81B23"> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nick_Begich_III" title="Nick Begich III">Nick Begich</a> </td> <td>61,431 </td> <td>23.34% </td> <td>+1,988 </td> <td>64,392 </td> <td>24.48% </td> <td>-64,392 </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;">Eliminated </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#FED105"> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left" scope="row">Chris Bye </td> <td>4,560 </td> <td>1.73% </td> <td>-4,560 </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;">Eliminated </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#FFFFFF"> </th> <td style="text-align:left" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td>1,096 </td> <td>0.42% </td> <td>-1,096 </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;">Eliminated </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <th colspan="3" scope="row" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td>263,148 </td> <td>100.00% </td> <td> </td> <td>263,067 </td> <td>100.00% </td> <td> </td> <td>249,148 </td> <td>100.00% </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <th colspan="3" scope="row" style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Instant-runoff_voting#Invalid_ballots_and_incomplete_ballots" title="Instant-runoff voting">Inactive ballots</a> </th> <td>2,193 </td> <td>0.83% </td> <td>+906 </td> <td>3,097 </td> <td>1.16% </td> <td>+14,765 </td> <td>17,016 </td> <td>5.55% </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background:#f6f6f6;"> <th style="background-color:#3333FF"> </th> <td colspan="11" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Going_Rogue:_An_American_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Going Rogue: An American Life">Going Rogue: An American Life</a>, <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>, 2009</li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_by_Heart" title="America by Heart">America by Heart: Reflections on Family, Faith, and Flag</a>, HarperCollins, 2010</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Tidings_and_Great_Joy:_Protecting_the_Heart_of_Christmas" class="mw-redirect" title="Good Tidings and Great Joy: Protecting the Heart of Christmas">Good Tidings and Great Joy: Protecting the Heart of Christmas</a>, HarperCollins, 2013</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Freedom:_A_Devotional" title="Sweet Freedom: A Devotional">Sweet Freedom: A Devotional</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regnery_Publishing" title="Regnery Publishing">Regnery Publishing</a>, 2015</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_governors_in_the_United_States" title="List of female governors in the United States">List of female governors in the United States</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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title="Portal:Alaska">Alaska portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved October 23, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Palin%27s+pork+requests+confound+reformer+image&rft.date=2008-09-02&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsvine.com%2F_news%2F2008%2F09%2F02%2F1817859-palins-pork-requests-confound-reformer-image&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolstad2008" class="citation news cs1">Bolstad, Erika (September 8, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081020074550/http://www.adn.com/politics/story/516743.html">"Palin's Take On Earmarks Evolving"</a>. Anchorage Daily News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adn.com/politics/story/516743.html">the original</a> on October 20, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anchorage+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Palin%27s+Take+On+Earmarks+Evolving&rft.date=2008-09-08&rft.aulast=Bolstad&rft.aufirst=Erika&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adn.com%2Fpolitics%2Fstory%2F516743.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.newsweek.com/blogs/stumper/archive/2008/09/08/politics-of-the-bridge-to-nowhere.aspx">The Politics of the 'Bridge to Nowhere'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910040255/http://blog.newsweek.com/blogs/stumper/archive/2008/09/08/politics-of-the-bridge-to-nowhere.aspx">Archived</a> September 10, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 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USA Today. Retrieved February 14, 2010. <q>'We need to come to the defense of Southeast Alaska when proposals are on the table like the bridge, and not allow the spinmeisters to turn this project or any other into something that's so negative,' Palin said in August 2006, according to the Ketchikan (Alaska) Daily News.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Palin+backed+%27bridge+to+nowhere%27+in+2006&rft.date=2008-08-31&rft.au=Dilanian%2C+Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Felection2008%2F2008-08-31-palin-bridge_N.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ADN_20080829_wheretheystand-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ADN_20080829_wheretheystand_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADN_20080829_wheretheystand_117-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Where they stand". Anchorage Daily News. October 22, 2006. p. A12. <q>5. Would you continue state funding for the proposed Knik Arm and Gravina Island bridges? Yes. I would like to see Alaska's infrastructure projects built sooner rather than later. The window is now – while our congressional delegation is in a strong position to assist.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anchorage+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Where+they+stand&rft.pages=A12&rft.date=2006-10-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/09/24/palin.road.to.nowhere/">The bridge failed, but the 'Road to Nowhere' was built</a>, <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, Abbie Boudreau and Scott Bronstein, September 24, 2008. 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Retrieved April 3, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Alaska+Seeks+Alternative+to+Bridge+Plan&rft.date=2007-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F09%2F23%2Fus%2F23bridge.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuinn2008" class="citation news cs1">Quinn, Steve (September 20, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/news/topstories/2008-09-20-2839100226_x.htm">"Alaska town opens 'road to nowhere'"</a>. USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved April 28, 2009. <q>Roger Wetherell, speaking for the state Transportation Department, said the road opened several days ago might someday get people to and from Gravina Island after all, if cheaper designs for a bridge become a reality. Meantime, it opens access to land development, he said.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Alaska+town+opens+%27road+to+nowhere%27&rft.date=2008-09-20&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Ftopstories%2F2008-09-20-2839100226_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-release-121"><a href="#cite_ref-release_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernor's_Office2007" class="citation pressrelease cs1">Governor's Office (September 21, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090429205108/http://www.dot.state.ak.us/comm/pressbox/arch_2007/PR_0921_GravinaAccessProjRed.pdf">"Gravina Access Project Redirected"</a> (PDF). Press release 0921 (Press release). 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Retrieved February 9, 2010. <q>Governor Sarah Palin today directed the Department of Transportation and Public Facilities to look for the most fiscally responsible alternative for access to the Ketchikan airport and Gravina Island rather than the proposed $398 million bridge.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gravina+Access+Project+Redirected&rft.pub=Governor%27s+Office%E2%80%93State+of+Alaska&rft.date=2007-09-21&rft.au=Governor%27s+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dot.state.ak.us%2Fcomm%2Fpressbox%2Farch_2007%2FPR_0921_GravinaAccessProjRed.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters_Rosen_20080901-122">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_Rosen_20080901_122-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_Rosen_20080901_122-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosen2008" class="citation news cs1">Rosen, Yereth (September 1, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/vcCandidateFeed7/idUSN3125537020080901">"Palin 'bridge to nowhere' line angers many Alaskans"</a>. 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Retrieved September 1, 2008. <q>In the city [of] Ketchikan, the planned site of the so-called 'Bridge to Nowhere,' political leaders of both parties said the claim was false and a betrayal of their community....</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Palin+%27bridge+to+nowhere%27+line+angers+many+Alaskans&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.aulast=Rosen&rft.aufirst=Yereth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FvcCandidateFeed7%2FidUSN3125537020080901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921002944/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/09/18/fact-check-did-palin-say-no-thanks-to-the-bridge-to-nowhere/">"Fact Check: Did Palin say 'no thanks' to the Bridge to Nowhere?"</a>. 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August 16, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823073032/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/08/16/us/elections/results-alaska.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 23, 2022. Retrieved August 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Alaska+Primary+Election+Results&rft.date=2022-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2022%2F08%2F16%2Fus%2Felections%2Fresults-alaska.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Palin" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 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.mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Sarah Palin at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" class="extiw" title="c:Sarah Palin">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Sarah_Palin" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Sarah Palin">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" class="extiw" title="q:Sarah Palin">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43144" class="extiw" title="d:Q43144">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Palinista" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Palinista">Palinista</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Palinism" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Palinism">Palinism</a>, or <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refudiate" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:refudiate">refudiate</a> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/SarahPalinAK">Sarah Palin's channel</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_user_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube user (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3126606/">Sarah Palin</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?1020877">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politifact.com/personalities/sarah-palin/">Sarah Palin</a> at <a href="/wiki/Politifact" class="mw-redirect" title="Politifact">Politifact</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sarah_Palin_succession_and_navigation_boxes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Sarah_Palin_succession_and_navigation_boxes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sarah Palin succession and navigation boxes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">John Stein</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Wasilla,_Alaska" title="Wasilla, Alaska">Wasilla</a> 1996–2002 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Dianne Keller</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Murkowski" title="Frank Murkowski">Frank Murkowski</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Alaska">Governor of Alaska</a> 2006–2009 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Sean Parnell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Murkowski" title="Frank Murkowski">Frank Murkowski</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Alaska">Governor of Alaska</a> <a href="/wiki/Alaska_gubernatorial_election,_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska gubernatorial election, 2006">2006</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Sean Parnell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets">nominee</a> for <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Knowles_(politician)" title="Tony Knowles (politician)">Tony Knowles</a></div>as Former Governor </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Sean Parnell</a></div>as Former Governor </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sarah_Palin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sarah_Palin" title="Template:Sarah Palin"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sarah_Palin" title="Template talk:Sarah Palin"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sarah_Palin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sarah Palin"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sarah_Palin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarah Palin</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alaska" title="List of governors of Alaska">9th Governor of Alaska</a> (2006–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasilla,_Alaska" title="Wasilla, Alaska">Mayor of Wasilla</a> (1996–2002)</li> <li>Born (1964-02-11)February 11, 1964</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Electoral history of Sarah Palin">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_political_career_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Early political career of Sarah Palin">Early political career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Governorship of Sarah Palin">Governor of Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Political positions of Sarah Palin">Political positions</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Palin_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Sarah_Palin_portrait.jpg/100px-Sarah_Palin_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Sarah_Palin_portrait.jpg/150px-Sarah_Palin_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Sarah_Palin_portrait.jpg/200px-Sarah_Palin_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1253" data-file-height="1607" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gubernatorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Alaska gubernatorial election">2006</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_presidential_candidacy_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Vice presidential candidacy of Sarah Palin">VP candidacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John McCain 2008 presidential campaign">2008 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2008 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_debates#October_2:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Washington_University_in_St._Louis)" title="2008 United States presidential debates">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Alaska%27s_at-large_congressional_district_special_election" title="2022 Alaska's at-large congressional district special election">2022 (special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Alaska" title="2022 United States House of Representatives election in Alaska">2022</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books and media by Sarah Palin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Going_Rogue" title="Going Rogue">Going Rogue: An American Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_by_Heart" title="America by Heart">America by Heart: Reflections on Family, Faith, and Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Tidings_and_Great_Joy" title="Good Tidings and Great Joy">Good Tidings and Great Joy: Protecting the Heart of Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Freedom:_A_Devotional" title="Sweet Freedom: A Devotional">Sweet Freedom: A Devotional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin%27s_Alaska" title="Sarah Palin's Alaska">Sarah Palin's Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazing_America_with_Sarah_Palin" title="Amazing America with Sarah Palin">Amazing America with Sarah Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin_Channel" title="Sarah Palin Channel">Sarah Palin Channel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Book and media coverage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarah:_How_a_Hockey_Mom_Turned_Alaska%27s_Political_Establishment_Upside_Down" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarah: How a Hockey Mom Turned Alaska's Political Establishment Upside Down">Sarah: How a Hockey Mom Turned Alaska's Political Establishment Upside Down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Public image of Sarah Palin">Public image and reception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palin%E2%80%93Couric_interviews" title="Palin–Couric interviews">Katie Couric interviews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Going_Rouge" title="Going Rouge">Going Rouge: Sarah Palin, An American Nightmare</a></li> <li>Game Change (<a href="/wiki/Game_Change" title="Game Change">book</a>, <a href="/wiki/Game_Change_(film)" title="Game Change (film)">film</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Undefeated_(2011_film)" title="The Undefeated (2011 film)">The Undefeated</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_parodies_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Saturday Night Live parodies of Sarah Palin">Saturday Night Live parodies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Palin" title="Todd Palin">Todd Palin</a> (ex-husband)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Palin" title="Bristol Palin">Bristol Palin</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Johnston" title="Levi Johnston">Levi Johnston</a> (father of grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakota_Meyer" title="Dakota Meyer">Dakota Meyer</a> (ex-son-in-law)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Public_Safety_Commissioner_dismissal" title="Alaska Public Safety Commissioner dismissal">Alaska Public Safety Commissioner dismissal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravina_Island_Bridge" title="Gravina Island Bridge">Gravina Island Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_panel" title="Death panel">Death panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill,_baby,_drill" title="Drill, baby, drill">Drill, baby, drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mama_grizzly" title="Mama grizzly">Mama grizzly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Masked_Avengers%27_prank_on_Sarah_Palin" title="The Masked Avengers' prank on Sarah Palin">The Masked Avengers' prank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin_email_hack" title="Sarah Palin email hack">Sarah Palin email hack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sarah_Palin" title="Category:Sarah Palin">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Alaska" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governors_of_Alaska" title="Template:Governors of Alaska"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_Alaska" title="Template talk:Governors of Alaska"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governors_of_Alaska" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governors of Alaska"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Alaska" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alaska" title="List of governors of Alaska">Governors of Alaska</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alaska#Governors_of_the_District_of_Alaska" title="List of governors of Alaska">District (1884–1912)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Kinkead" title="John Henry Kinkead">Kinkead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_P._Swineford" title="Alfred P. Swineford">Swineford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Enos_Knapp" title="Lyman Enos Knapp">Knapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Sheakley" title="James Sheakley">Sheakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Green_Brady" title="John Green Brady">Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Bacon_Hoggatt" title="Wilford Bacon Hoggatt">Hoggatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Eli_Clark" title="Walter Eli Clark">Clark</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg/113px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Alaska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="388" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alaska#Governors_of_Alaska_Territory" title="List of governors of Alaska">Territorial (1912–1959)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Eli_Clark" title="Walter Eli Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Alexander_Strong" title="John Franklin Alexander Strong">Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Riggs_Jr." title="Thomas Riggs Jr.">Riggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Cordelle_Bone" title="Scott Cordelle Bone">Bone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Alexander_Parks" title="George Alexander Parks">Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Weir_Troy" title="John Weir Troy">Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Gruening" title="Ernest Gruening">Gruening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Frank_Heintzleman" title="B. Frank Heintzleman">Heintzleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waino_Hendrickson" title="Waino Hendrickson">Hendrickson</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Stepovich" title="Mike Stepovich">Stepovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waino_Hendrickson" title="Waino Hendrickson">Hendrickson</a> (acting)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alaska#Governors_of_Alaska" title="List of governors of Alaska">State (since 1959)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Egan" title="William A. Egan">Egan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_Hickel" title="Wally Hickel">Hickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Harvey_Miller" title="Keith Harvey Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Egan" title="William A. Egan">Egan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Hammond" title="Jay Hammond">Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Sheffield" title="Bill Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Cowper" title="Steve Cowper">Cowper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_Hickel" title="Wally Hickel">Hickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Knowles_(politician)" title="Tony Knowles (politician)">Knowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Murkowski" title="Frank Murkowski">Murkowski</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Parnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Walker_(American_politician)" title="Bill Walker (American politician)">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Dunleavy_(politician)" title="Mike Dunleavy (politician)">Dunleavy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="/wiki/1962_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1962 Alaska gubernatorial election">1962</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_Hickel" title="Wally Hickel">Hickel</a> (<a href="/wiki/1966_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Alaska gubernatorial election">1966</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Harvey_Miller" title="Keith Harvey Miller">Miller</a> (<a href="/wiki/1970_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1970 Alaska gubernatorial election">1970</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Hammond" title="Jay Hammond">Hammond</a> (<a href="/wiki/1974_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1974 Alaska gubernatorial election">1974</a>, <a href="/wiki/1978_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Alaska gubernatorial election">1978</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Fink" title="Tom Fink">Fink</a> (<a href="/wiki/1982_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1982 Alaska gubernatorial election">1982</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arliss_Sturgulewski" title="Arliss Sturgulewski">Sturgulewski</a> (<a href="/wiki/1986_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Alaska gubernatorial election">1986</a>, <a href="/wiki/1990_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Alaska gubernatorial election">1990</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Campbell_(Alaska_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jim Campbell (Alaska politician) (page does not exist)">Campbell</a> (<a href="/wiki/1994_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Alaska gubernatorial election">1994</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Lindauer" title="John Howard Lindauer">Lindauer</a> (<a href="/wiki/1998_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="1998 Alaska gubernatorial election">1998</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Murkowski" title="Frank Murkowski">Murkowski</a> (<a href="/wiki/2002_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2002 Alaska gubernatorial election">2002</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Palin</a> (<a href="/wiki/2006_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2006 Alaska gubernatorial election">2006</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Parnell" title="Sean Parnell">Parnell</a> (<a href="/wiki/2010_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Alaska gubernatorial election">2010</a>, <a href="/wiki/2014_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 Alaska gubernatorial election">2014</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Dunleavy_(politician)" title="Mike Dunleavy (politician)">Dunleavy</a> (<a href="/wiki/2018_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2018 Alaska gubernatorial election">2018</a>, <a href="/wiki/2022_Alaska_gubernatorial_election" title="2022 Alaska gubernatorial election">2022</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Alaska.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/90px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/135px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/180px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1416" data-file-height="1000" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Unsuccessful_major_party_VPOTUS_candidates" title="Template:Unsuccessful major party VPOTUS candidates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unsuccessful_major_party_VPOTUS_candidates" title="Template talk:Unsuccessful major party VPOTUS candidates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Unsuccessful_major_party_VPOTUS_candidates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Unsuccessful major party VPOTUS candidates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for Vice President of the United States">Unsuccessful major party candidates for Vice President of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-top:.3em; padding-bottom:.6em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/George_Clinton_(vice_president)" title="George Clinton (vice president)">George Clinton</a> (<a href="/wiki/1792_United_States_presidential_election" title="1792 United States presidential election">1792</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pinckney" title="Thomas Pinckney">Thomas Pinckney</a> (<a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Burr" title="Aaron Burr">Aaron Burr</a> (<a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cotesworth_Pinckney" title="Charles Cotesworth Pinckney">Charles C. Pinckney</a> (<a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_King" title="Rufus King">Rufus King</a> (<a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a>, <a href="/wiki/1808_United_States_presidential_election" title="1808 United States presidential election">1808</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Ingersoll" title="Jared Ingersoll">Jared Ingersoll</a> (<a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Eager_Howard" title="John Eager Howard">John E. Howard</a> (<a href="/wiki/1816_United_States_presidential_election" title="1816 United States presidential election">1816</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Sanford" title="Nathan Sanford">Nathan Sanford</a> (<a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Nathaniel Macon</a> (<a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a> (<a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sergeant_(politician)" title="John Sergeant (politician)">John Sergeant</a> (<a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Granger" title="Francis Granger">Francis Granger</a> (<a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a> (<a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mentor_Johnson" title="Richard Mentor Johnson">Richard M. Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Frelinghuysen" title="Theodore Frelinghuysen">Theodore Frelinghuysen</a> (<a href="/wiki/1844_United_States_presidential_election" title="1844 United States presidential election">1844</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Orlando_Butler" class="mw-redirect" title="William Orlando Butler">William O. Butler</a> (<a href="/wiki/1848_United_States_presidential_election" title="1848 United States presidential election">1848</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Graham" title="William Alexander Graham">William A. Graham</a> (<a href="/wiki/1852_United_States_presidential_election" title="1852 United States presidential election">1852</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Dayton" title="William L. Dayton">William L. Dayton</a> (<a href="/wiki/1856_United_States_presidential_election" title="1856 United States presidential election">1856</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herschel_V._Johnson" title="Herschel V. Johnson">Herschel V. Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Pendleton" title="George H. Pendleton">George H. Pendleton</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_McClellan_1864_presidential_campaign" title="George McClellan 1864 presidential campaign">1864</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Preston_Blair_Jr." title="Francis Preston Blair Jr.">Francis P. Blair Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Horatio_Seymour_1868_presidential_campaign" title="Horatio Seymour 1868 presidential campaign">1868</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Gratz_Brown" title="B. Gratz Brown">B. Gratz Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/Horace_Greeley_1872_presidential_campaign" title="Horace Greeley 1872 presidential campaign">1872</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Thomas A. Hendricks</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samuel_Tilden_1876_presidential_campaign" title="Samuel Tilden 1876 presidential campaign">1876</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hayden_English" title="William Hayden English">William H. English</a> (<a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hancock_1880_presidential_campaign" title="Winfield Scott Hancock 1880 presidential campaign">1880</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">John A. Logan</a> (<a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Allen G. Thurman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_1888_presidential_campaign" title="Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign">1888</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitelaw_Reid" title="Whitelaw Reid">Whitelaw Reid</a> (<a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Sewall" title="Arthur Sewall">Arthur Sewall</a> (<a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_1896_presidential_campaign" title="William Jennings Bryan 1896 presidential campaign">1896</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_I" title="Adlai Stevenson I">Adlai Stevenson I</a> (<a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_1900_presidential_campaign" title="William Jennings Bryan 1900 presidential campaign">1900</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_G._Davis" title="Henry G. Davis">Henry G. Davis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker_1904_presidential_campaign" title="Alton B. Parker 1904 presidential campaign">1904</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Kern" title="John W. Kern">John W. Kern</a> (<a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_1908_presidential_campaign" title="William Jennings Bryan 1908 presidential campaign">1908</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">James S. Sherman</a> (<a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Charles W. Fairbanks</a> (<a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_presidential_election" title="1916 United States presidential election">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (<a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Bryan" title="Charles W. Bryan">Charles W. Bryan</a> (<a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" title="1924 United States presidential election">1924</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Joseph T. Robinson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al_Smith_1928_presidential_campaign" title="Al Smith 1928 presidential campaign">1928</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Charles Curtis</a> (<a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Knox" title="Frank Knox">Frank Knox</a> (<a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">Charles L. McNary</a> (<a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="1940 United States presidential election">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Bricker" title="John W. Bricker">John W. Bricker</a> (<a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Warren" title="Earl Warren">Earl Warren</a> (<a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman">John Sparkman</a> (<a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a> (<a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="1956 United States presidential election">1956</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr." title="Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.">Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_1960_presidential_campaign" title="Richard Nixon 1960 presidential campaign">1960</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">William E. Miller</a> (<a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater_1964_presidential_campaign" title="Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign">1964</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Muskie" title="Edmund Muskie">Edmund Muskie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey_1968_presidential_campaign" title="Hubert Humphrey 1968 presidential campaign">1968</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">Sargent Shriver</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_McGovern_1972_presidential_campaign" title="George McGovern 1972 presidential campaign">1972</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford_1976_presidential_campaign" title="Gerald Ford 1976 presidential campaign">1976</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign">1980</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Ferraro" title="Geraldine Ferraro">Geraldine Ferraro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale_1984_presidential_campaign" title="Walter Mondale 1984 presidential campaign">1984</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Lloyd Bentsen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis_1988_presidential_campaign" title="Michael Dukakis 1988 presidential campaign">1988</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1992_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1992 presidential campaign">1992</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Jack Kemp</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bob Dole 1996 presidential campaign">1996</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Joe Lieberman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al_Gore_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Al Gore 2000 presidential campaign">2000</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign">2004</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarah Palin</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_McCain_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John McCain 2008 presidential campaign">2008</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Mitt Romney 2012 presidential campaign">2012</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Tim Kaine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">2016</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a> (<a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign">2020</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Walz" title="Tim Walz">Tim Walz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign">2024</a>)</li></ol></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_vice-presidential_candidates_by_year" title="Category:United States vice-presidential candidates by year">All vice presidential candidates</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">Vice presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republican_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFB6B6;;background:#E81B23; color:white"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Template:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Template talk:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republican_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFB6B6;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Republican Party (United States)">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="National Union Party (United States)">National Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_System" title="Third Party System">Third Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Party_System" title="Fourth Party System">Fourth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Party_System" title="Fifth Party System">Fifth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Party_System" title="Sixth Party System">Sixth Party System</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets">Presidential tickets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Convention" title="Republican National Convention">national conventions</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Republican Party presidential primaries">presidential primaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1856_Republican_National_Convention" title="1856 Republican National Convention">1856 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Fr%C3%A9mont" title="John C. Frémont">Frémont</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_L._Dayton" title="William L. Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_Republican_National_Convention" title="1860 Republican National Convention">1860 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_National_Union_National_Convention" title="1864 National Union National Convention">1864 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>/<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Republican_National_Convention" title="1868 Republican National Convention">1868 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Republican_National_Convention" title="1872 Republican National Convention">1872 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Republican_National_Convention" title="1876 Republican National Convention">1876 (Cincinnati)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Hayes</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_A._Wheeler" title="William A. Wheeler">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Republican_National_Convention" title="1880 Republican National Convention">1880 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">Garfield</a>/<a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Republican_National_Convention" title="1884 Republican National Convention">1884 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Republican_National_Convention" title="1888 Republican National Convention">1888 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Republican_National_Convention" title="1892 Republican National Convention">1892 (Minneapolis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Whitelaw_Reid" title="Whitelaw Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Republican_National_Convention" title="1896 Republican National Convention">1896 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a>/<a href="/wiki/Garret_Hobart" title="Garret Hobart">Hobart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Republican_National_Convention" title="1900 Republican National Convention">1900 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a>/<a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Republican_National_Convention" title="1904 Republican National Convention">1904 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Republican_National_Convention" title="1908 Republican National Convention">1908 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a>/<a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_National_Convention" title="1912 Republican National Convention">1912 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a>/<a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Murray_Butler" title="Nicholas Murray Butler">Butler</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1912 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_National_Convention" title="1916 Republican National Convention">1916 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes" title="Charles Evans Hughes">Hughes</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1916 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Republican_National_Convention" title="1920 Republican National Convention">1920 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Harding</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1920 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Republican_National_Convention" title="1924 Republican National Convention">1924 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Dawes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1924 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_National_Convention" title="1928 Republican National Convention">1928 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1928 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Republican_National_Convention" title="1932 Republican National Convention">1932 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1932 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Republican_National_Convention" title="1936 Republican National Convention">1936 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alf_Landon" title="Alf Landon">Landon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frank_Knox" title="Frank Knox">Knox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1936_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1936 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_National_Convention" title="1940 Republican National Convention">1940 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Willkie</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1940 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Republican_National_Convention" title="1944 Republican National Convention">1944 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Dewey</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_W._Bricker" title="John W. Bricker">Bricker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1944_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1944 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_National_Convention" title="1948 Republican National Convention">1948 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Dewey</a>/<a href="/wiki/Earl_Warren" title="Earl Warren">Warren</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1948 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_National_Convention" title="1952 Republican National Convention">1952 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1952 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_National_Convention" title="1960 Republican National Convention">1960 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr." title="Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.">Lodge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1960 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_National_Convention" title="1964 Republican National Convention">1964 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">Miller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_National_Convention" title="1968 Republican National Convention">1968 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_National_Convention" title="1972 Republican National Convention">1972 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1972 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">1976 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">1980 (Detroit)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_National_Convention" title="1984 Republican National Convention">1984 (Dallas)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_National_Convention" title="1988 Republican National Convention">1988 (New Orleans)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">1992 (Houston)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_National_Convention" title="1996 Republican National Convention">1996 (San Diego)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a>/<a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Kemp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_National_Convention" title="2000 Republican National Convention">2000 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_National_Convention" title="2004 Republican National Convention">2004 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">2008 (St. Paul)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a>/<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Palin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_National_Convention" title="2012 Republican National Convention">2012 (Tampa)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a>/<a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">2016 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_National_Convention" title="2020 Republican National Convention">2020 (Charlotte/other locations)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention" title="2024 Republican National Convention">2024 (Milwaukee)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2028_Republican_National_Convention" title="2028 Republican National Convention">2028 (Houston)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">Presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Administration_(government)" title="Administration (government)">administrations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Presidency of Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a> (1861–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a> (1865–1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a> (1869–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes">Hayes</a> (1877–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">Garfield</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Presidency of Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a> (1881–1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Presidency of Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a> (1889–1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_McKinley" title="Presidency of William McKinley">McKinley</a> (1897–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a> (1901–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_Howard_Taft" title="Presidency of William Howard Taft">Taft</a> (1909–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Warren_G._Harding" title="Presidency of Warren G. Harding">Harding</a> (1921–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Calvin_Coolidge" title="Presidency of Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> (1923–1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Herbert_Hoover" title="Presidency of Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a> (1929–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a> (1953–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> (1969–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Presidency of Gerald Ford">Ford</a> (1974–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a> (1981–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> (1989–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a> (2001–2009)</li> <li>Trump (<a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">2017–2021</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House leaders</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">Speakers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Conference chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Pennington" title="William Pennington">Pennington</a> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galusha_A._Grow" title="Galusha A. Grow">Grow</a> (1861–1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a> (1863–1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_M._Pomeroy" title="Theodore M. Pomeroy">Pomeroy</a> (1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a> (1869–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a> (1875–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">Hale</a> (1877–1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a> (1879–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Warren_Keifer" title="J. Warren Keifer">Keifer</a> (1881–1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a> (1883–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brackett_Reed" title="Thomas Brackett Reed">Reed</a> (1889–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Henderson_(politician)" title="Thomas J. Henderson (politician)">T. J. Henderson</a> (1891–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brackett_Reed" title="Thomas Brackett Reed">Reed</a> (1895–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Henderson" title="David B. Henderson">D. B. Henderson</a> (1899–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a> (1903–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)" title="James Robert Mann (Illinois politician)">Mann</a> (1911–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_H._Gillett" title="Frederick H. Gillett">Gillett</a> (1919–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Longworth" title="Nicholas Longworth">Longworth</a> (1925–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Snell" title="Bertrand Snell">Snell</a> (1931–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a> (1939–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Halleck" title="Charles A. Halleck">Halleck</a> (1959–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a> (1965–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Rhodes" title="John Jacob Rhodes">Rhodes</a> (1973–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Michel" title="Robert H. Michel">Michel</a> (1981–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Gingrich</a> (1995–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hastert" title="Dennis Hastert">Hastert</a> (1999–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a> (2007–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a> (2015–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">McCarthy</a> (2019–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Johnson</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">RNC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Chairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_D._Morgan" title="Edwin D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jarvis_Raymond" title="Henry Jarvis Raymond">Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Lawrence_Ward" title="Marcus Lawrence Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Claflin" title="William Claflin">Claflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_D._Morgan" title="Edwin D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachariah_Chandler" title="Zachariah Chandler">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Donald_Cameron" title="J. Donald Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Jewell" title="Marshall Jewell">Jewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_M._Sabin" title="Dwight M. Sabin">Sabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Jones_(industrialist)" title="Benjamin Franklin Jones (industrialist)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Quay" title="Matthew Quay">Quay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_S._Clarkson" title="James S. Clarkson">Clarkson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_James_Campbell" title="William James Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hanna" title="Mark Hanna">Hanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay_Payne" title="Henry Clay Payne">Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">Cortelyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._New" title="Harry S. New">New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Harris_Hitchcock" title="Frank Harris Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fremont_Hill" title="John Fremont Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Rosewater" title="Victor Rosewater">Rosewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_D._Hilles" title="Charles D. Hilles">Hilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Russell_Willcox" title="William Russell Willcox">Wilcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_H._Hays" title="Will H. Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Adams" title="John T. Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Butler" title="William M. Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Work" title="Hubert Work">Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_H._Huston" title="Claudius H. Huston">Huston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_D._Fess" title="Simeon D. Fess">Fess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Sanders" title="Everett Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_P._Fletcher" title="Henry P. Fletcher">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton_(Kansas_politician)" title="John Hamilton (Kansas politician)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailey_Walsh" title="Bailey Walsh">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_E._Spangler" title="Harrison E. Spangler">Spangler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Brownell_Jr." title="Herbert Brownell Jr.">Brownell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Carroll_Reece" title="B. Carroll Reece">Reece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Scott" title="Hugh Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gabrielson" title="Guy Gabrielson">Gabrielson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Summerfield" title="Arthur Summerfield">Summerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Wesley_Roberts" title="C. Wesley Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_W._Hall" title="Leonard W. Hall">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meade_Alcorn" title="Meade Alcorn">Alcorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thruston_Ballard_Morton" title="Thruston Ballard Morton">T. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Burch" title="Dean Burch">Burch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_C._Bliss" title="Ray C. Bliss">Bliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Morton" title="Rogers Morton">R. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Louise_Smith_(politician)" title="Mary Louise Smith (politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brock" title="Bill Brock">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Richards_(Utah_politician)" title="Richard Richards (Utah politician)">Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Laxalt" title="Paul Laxalt">Laxalt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frank_Fahrenkopf" title="Frank Fahrenkopf">Fahrenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Fahrenkopf" title="Frank Fahrenkopf">Fahrenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton_Yeutter" title="Clayton Yeutter">Yeutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bond_(political_executive)" title="Richard Bond (political executive)">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haley_Barbour" title="Haley Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nicholson_(Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs)" title="Jim Nicholson (Secretary of Veterans Affairs)">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilmore" title="Jim Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Racicot" title="Marc Racicot">Racicot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Gillespie" title="Ed Gillespie">Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Mehlman" title="Ken Mehlman">Mehlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez">Martínez</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Steele" title="Michael Steele">Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reince_Priebus" title="Reince Priebus">Priebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronna_McDaniel" title="Ronna McDaniel">McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Whatley" title="Michael Whatley">Whatley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Chair elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2009 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2011 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2013 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2015 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2017 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2019_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2019 Republican National Committee chairmanship election (page does not exist)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Republican National Committee chairmanship election (page does not exist)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2023 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_parties_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="List of state parties of the Republican Party (United States)">Parties</a> by state and territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Republican_Party" title="Alabama Republican Party">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Republican_Party" title="Alaska Republican Party">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Republican_Party" title="Arizona Republican Party">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Arkansas" title="Republican Party of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Republican_Party" title="California Republican Party">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Republican_Party" title="Colorado Republican Party">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Republican_Party" title="Connecticut Republican Party">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_State_Committee_of_Delaware" title="Republican State Committee of Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Florida" title="Republican Party of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Republican_Party" title="Georgia Republican Party">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Republican_Party" title="Hawaii Republican Party">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Republican_Party" title="Idaho Republican Party">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Republican_Party" title="Illinois Republican Party">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Republican_Party" title="Indiana Republican Party">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Iowa" title="Republican Party of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Republican_Party" title="Kansas Republican Party">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Kentucky" title="Republican Party of Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Louisiana" title="Republican Party of Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Republican_Party" title="Maine Republican Party">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Republican_Party" title="Maryland Republican Party">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Republican_Party" title="Massachusetts Republican Party">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Republican_Party" title="Michigan Republican Party">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Minnesota" title="Republican Party of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Republican_Party" title="Mississippi Republican Party">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Republican_Party" title="Missouri Republican Party">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Republican_Party" title="Montana Republican Party">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Republican_Party" title="Nebraska Republican Party">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Republican_Party" title="Nevada Republican Party">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Republican_State_Committee" title="New Hampshire Republican State Committee">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Republican_Party" title="New Jersey Republican Party">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_New_Mexico" title="Republican Party of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Republican_State_Committee" title="New York Republican State Committee">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Republican_Party" title="North Carolina Republican Party">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Republican_Party" title="Ohio Republican Party">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Republican_Party" title="Oklahoma Republican Party">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Republican_Party" title="Oregon Republican Party">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Republican_Party" title="Pennsylvania Republican Party">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Republican_Party" title="Rhode Island Republican Party">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Republican_Party" title="South Carolina Republican Party">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="South Dakota Republican Party">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Republican_Party" title="Tennessee Republican Party">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Texas" title="Republican Party of Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Republican_Party" title="Utah Republican Party">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Republican_Party" title="Vermont Republican Party">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Virginia" title="Republican Party of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Republican_Party" title="Washington State Republican Party">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Republican_Party" title="West Virginia Republican Party">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Wisconsin" title="Republican Party of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Republican_Party" title="Wyoming Republican Party">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_American_Samoa" title="Republican Party of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Republican_Party" title="District of Columbia Republican Party">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Guam" title="Republican Party of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Republican Party (Northern Mariana Islands)">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Republican Party of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Republican Party of the Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)_organizations" title="Republican Party (United States) organizations">Affiliated organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">House Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Digest" title="Legislative Digest">Legislative Digest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steering_and_Policy_Committees_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Steering and Policy Committees of the United States House of Representatives">Steering and Policy Committees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Senate Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Republican_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Republican Policy Committee">Policy Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">Factions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Caucus" title="Freedom Caucus">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_Solvers_Caucus" title="Problem Solvers Caucus">Problem Solvers Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governance_Group" title="Republican Governance Group">Republican Governance Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Fundraising groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Congressional_Committee" title="National Republican Congressional Committee">National Republican Congressional Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Redistricting_Trust" title="National Republican Redistricting Trust">National Republican Redistricting Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">National Republican Senatorial Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Attorneys_General_Association" title="Republican Attorneys General Association">Republican Attorneys General Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Sectional groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Republicans" title="College Republicans">College Republicans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairpersons_of_the_College_Republicans" title="List of chairpersons of the College Republicans">Chairmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Conference" title="Congressional Hispanic Conference">Congressional Hispanic Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Cabin_Republicans" title="Log Cabin Republicans">Log Cabin Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Jewish_Coalition" title="Republican Jewish Coalition">Republican Jewish Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Hispanic_Assembly" title="Republican National Hispanic Assembly">Republican National Hispanic Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_Abroad" title="Republicans Abroad">Republicans Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_Age_Republicans" title="Teen Age Republicans">Teen Age Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">Young Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_Overseas" title="Republicans Overseas">Republicans Overseas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_Republican_National_Federation" title="High School Republican National Federation">High School Republican National Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Factional groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Majority_for_Choice" title="Republican Majority for Choice">Republican Majority for Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Liberty_Caucus" title="Republican Liberty Caucus">Republican Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Coalition_for_Life" title="Republican National Coalition for Life">Republican National Coalition for Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservAmerica" title="ConservAmerica">ConservAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_Society" title="Ripon Society">Ripon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wish_List_(political_organization)" title="The Wish List (political organization)">The Wish List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_presidential_debates" title="Republican Party presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_history_of_the_Republican_Party" title="Bibliography of the history of the Republican Party">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Democracy_Union" title="International Democracy Union">International Democracy Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_modern_American_conservatism" title="Timeline of modern American conservatism">Timeline of modern American conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_2004)_2008_United_States_presidential_election_(2012_→)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:2008 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:2008 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2008 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_2004)_2008_United_States_presidential_election_(2012_→)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">← 2004</a>) <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:2008_United_States_elections" title="Template:2008 United States elections">2008 United States elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_candidates_in_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="List of candidates in the 2008 United States presidential election">Candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_the_2008_United_States_presidential_candidates" title="Comparison of the 2008 United States presidential candidates">Comparison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2008 United States presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_endorsements_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Congressional endorsements for the 2008 United States presidential election">Congressional endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundraising_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Fundraising for the 2008 United States presidential election">Fundraising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballot_access_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballot access for the 2008 United States presidential election">Ballot access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Timeline of the 2008 United States presidential election">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Tuesday,_2008" title="Super Tuesday, 2008">Super Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potomac_primary" title="Potomac primary">Potomac primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Super_Tuesday_II" title="2008 Super Tuesday II">Super Tuesday II</a></li> <li>Polls <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2008 United States presidential election">national</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Statewide opinion polling for the 2008 United States presidential election">statewide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_opinion_polling_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="International opinion polling for the 2008 United States presidential election">international</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> ▌<a href="/wiki/Working_Families_Party" title="Working Families Party">WFP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2008 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_superdelegates_at_the_2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="List of superdelegates at the 2008 Democratic National Convention">superdelegates</a></li></ul></li> <li>Polls <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Statewide opinion polling for the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">statewide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">national</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Results of the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primary results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2008 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">VP candidate selection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_candidates" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential candidates">Candidates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Barack_Obama" title="Political positions of Barack Obama">positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Barack_Obama_2008_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_and_conservative_support_for_Barack_Obama_in_2008" title="Republican and conservative support for Barack Obama in 2008">cross-party</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Joe_Biden" title="Political positions of Joe Biden">positions</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh">Evan Bayh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evan_Bayh_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Evan Bayh 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Joe Biden 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Joe_Biden" title="Political positions of Joe Biden">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Political positions of Hillary Clinton">positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2008_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Chris Dodd</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Chris Dodd 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John Edwards 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_John_Edwards" title="Political positions of John Edwards">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Gravel" title="Mike Gravel">Mike Gravel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Gravel_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Mike Gravel 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich" title="Dennis Kucinich">Dennis Kucinich</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Dennis Kucinich 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Richardson" title="Bill Richardson">Bill Richardson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Richardson_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Richardson 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Vilsack" title="Tom Vilsack">Tom Vilsack</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Vilsack_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Tom Vilsack 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> ▌<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">CPNY</a> · ▌<a href="/wiki/Independence_Party_of_New_York" title="Independence Party of New York">IPNY</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li>Polls <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Statewide opinion polling for the 2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">statewide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">national</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2008 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_the_2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primary_candidates" title="Political positions of the 2008 Republican Party presidential primary candidates">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Results of the 2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primary results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2008 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">VP candidate selection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John McCain 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_John_McCain" title="Political positions of John McCain">positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_John_McCain_2008_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of John McCain 2008 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_and_liberal_support_for_John_McCain_in_2008" title="Democratic and liberal support for John McCain in 2008">cross-party</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarah Palin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_presidential_candidacy_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Vice presidential candidacy of Sarah Palin">candidacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Sarah_Palin" title="Political positions of Sarah Palin">positions</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_candidates" title="2008 Republican Party presidential candidates">Other candidates</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sam_Brownback" title="Sam Brownback">Sam Brownback</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Brownback_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Sam Brownback 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Cox" title="John H. Cox">John H. Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilmore" title="Jim Gilmore">Jim Gilmore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilmore_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Jim Gilmore 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani" title="Rudy Giuliani">Rudy Giuliani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Rudy Giuliani 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rudy_Giuliani" title="Political positions of Rudy Giuliani">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Mike Huckabee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Mike Huckabee 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Mike_Huckabee" title="Political positions of Mike Huckabee">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncan_L._Hunter" title="Duncan L. Hunter">Duncan L. Hunter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duncan_L._Hunter_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Duncan L. Hunter 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes">Alan Keyes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Alan Keyes 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_McKinney" title="Ray McKinney">Ray McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Ron Paul 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Ron_Paul" title="Political positions of Ron Paul">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Mitt Romney 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Mitt_Romney" title="Political positions of Mitt Romney">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tancredo" title="Tom Tancredo">Tom Tancredo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tancredo_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Tom Tancredo 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Thompson" title="Fred Thompson">Fred Thompson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Thompson_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Fred Thompson 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Thompson" title="Tommy Thompson">Tommy Thompson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Thompson_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Tommy Thompson 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Draft_(politics)" title="Draft (politics)">Draft movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Democratic: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Mark Warner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draft_Mark_Warner_movement" title="Draft Mark Warner movement">movement</a></li></ul></li> <li>Republican: <a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draft_Condi_movement" title="Draft Condi movement">movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg" title="Michael Bloomberg">Michael Bloomberg</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draft_Bloomberg_movement" title="Draft Bloomberg movement">movement</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Third_party_and_independent_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> <a href="/wiki/Third-party_and_independent_candidates_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Third-party and independent candidates for the 2008 United States presidential election">candidates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A356DE;; font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_National_Convention" title="Constitution Party National Convention">convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin">Chuck Baldwin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Chuck Baldwin 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: Darrell Castle</li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Imperato" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Imperato">Daniel Imperato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes">Alan Keyes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Alan Keyes 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #17aa5c;; font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_the_United_States" title="Green Party of the United States">Green Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/2008_Green_National_Convention" title="2008 Green National Convention">convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_McKinney" title="Cynthia McKinney">Cynthia McKinney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_McKinney_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Cynthia McKinney 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Cynthia_McKinney" class="mw-redirect" title="Political positions of Cynthia McKinney">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Rosa_Clemente" title="Rosa Clemente">Rosa Clemente</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Brown" title="Elaine Brown">Elaine Brown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FED105;; font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/2008_Libertarian_National_Convention" title="2008 Libertarian National Convention">convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Barr" title="Bob Barr">Bob Barr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Barr_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Bob Barr 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Bob_Barr" class="mw-redirect" title="Political positions of Bob Barr">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Allyn_Root" title="Wayne Allyn Root">Wayne Allyn Root</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Gravel" title="Mike Gravel">Mike Gravel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Gravel_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Mike Gravel 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Kubby" title="Steve Kubby">Steve Kubby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Allyn_Root" title="Wayne Allyn Root">Wayne Allyn Root</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ruwart" title="Mary Ruwart">Mary Ruwart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Stanhope" title="Doug Stanhope">Doug Stanhope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #800080;">America's Independent Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes">Alan Keyes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Alan Keyes 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: Brian Rohrbough</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 yellow;"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party_(political_party)" title="Boston Tea Party (political party)">Boston Tea Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Jay" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Jay">Charles Jay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;"><a href="/wiki/Objectivist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Objectivist Party">Objectivist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stevens_(Objectivist_Party_politician)" title="Tom Stevens (Objectivist Party politician)">Tom Stevens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #00FF00;"><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Freedom_Party" title="Peace and Freedom Party">Peace and Freedom Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Ralph Nader 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Matt_Gonzalez" title="Matt Gonzalez">Matt Gonzalez</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Gloria_La_Riva" title="Gloria La Riva">Gloria La Riva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_McKinney" title="Cynthia McKinney">Cynthia McKinney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_McKinney_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Cynthia McKinney 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Moore_(political_activist)" title="Brian Moore (political activist)">Brian Moore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Moore_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Brian Moore 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Gene_Amondson" title="Gene Amondson">Gene Amondson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #6A287E;"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ted_Weill" title="Ted Weill">Ted Weill</a></li> <li>VP nominee: Frank McEnulty</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 red;"><a href="/wiki/Party_for_Socialism_and_Liberation" title="Party for Socialism and Liberation">Socialism and Liberation Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Gloria_La_Riva" title="Gloria La Riva">Gloria La Riva</a></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Puryear" title="Eugene Puryear">Eugene Puryear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Brian_Moore_(political_activist)" title="Brian Moore (political activist)">Brian Moore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Moore_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Brian Moore 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Alexander" title="Stewart Alexander">Stewart Alexander</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Chester" title="Eric Chester">Eric Chester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3ger_Calero" title="Róger Calero">Róger Calero</a></li> <li>Alternate nominee: <a href="/wiki/James_Harris_(Socialist_Workers_Party_politician)" title="James Harris (Socialist Workers Party politician)">James Harris</a></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Alyson_Kennedy" title="Alyson Kennedy">Alyson Kennedy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independent / Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Boss" title="Jeff Boss">Jeff Boss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Colbert_(character)" title="Stephen Colbert (character)">Stephen Colbert</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Colbert_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Stephen Colbert 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Dodge" title="Earl Dodge">Earl Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford_Lyttle" title="Bradford Lyttle">Bradford Lyttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Moore_(performance_artist)" title="Frank Moore (performance artist)">Frank Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Schriner" title="Joe Schriner">Joe Schriner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathon_Sharkey" title="Jonathon Sharkey">Jonathon Sharkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li>Other 2008 elections: <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2008 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2008 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="2008 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alaska_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alaska_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Alaska Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alaska_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Alaska Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alaska_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alaska Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alaska_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Alaska Women's Hall of Fame">Alaska Women's Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2009</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinrock_Mary" title="Sinrock Mary">Changunak Antisarlook Andrewuk (Sinrock Mary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangeline_Atwood" title="Evangeline Atwood">Evangeline Atwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_T._Black" title="Lydia T. Black">Lydia Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Pitka_Blumenstein" title="Rita Pitka Blumenstein">Rita (Pitka) Blumenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticasuk_Brown" title="Ticasuk Brown">Tikasuk "Emily" Brown (Ivanoff)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Buchholdt" title="Thelma Buchholdt">Thelma Buchholdt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Bullock" title="Edith Bullock">Edith Bullock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Butcher" title="Susan Butcher">Susan Butcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Cashman" title="Nellie Cashman">Ellen "Nellie" Cashman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orah_Dee_Clark" title="Orah Dee Clark">Orah Dee Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Comeau" title="Carol Comeau">Carol Comeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Crosson" title="Marvel Crosson">Marvel Crosson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahala_Ashley_Dickerson" title="Mahala Ashley Dickerson">Mahala Ashley Dickerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neva_Egan" title="Neva Egan">Neva Egan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Fabe" title="Dana Fabe">Dana Fabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Fanning" title="Kay Fanning">Kay Fanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Fischer" title="Helen Fischer">Helen Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Frey" title="Lucy Frey">Lucy Frey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nora_Guinn" title="Nora Guinn">Nora Venes Guinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Awes_Haaland" title="Dorothy Awes Haaland">Dorothy Awes Haaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorene_Harrison" title="Lorene Harrison">Lorene Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Templeton_Hatcher" title="Cornelia Templeton Hatcher">Cornelia Hatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Hermann" title="Mildred Hermann">Mildred Robinson Hermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Frances_Howard" title="Jean Frances Howard">Frances Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celia_M._Hunter" title="Celia M. Hunter">Celia Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katie_Hurley" title="Katie Hurley">Katie Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_James" title="Sarah James">Sarah Agnes James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Jefford" title="Ruth Jefford">Ruth Jefford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Della_Keats" title="Della Keats">Della Keats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Morrow_Lewis" title="Lena Morrow Lewis">Lena Morrow Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilda_Marston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilda Marston (page does not exist)">Wilda Marston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_L._McSmith" title="Blanche L. McSmith">Blanche L. McSmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rie_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Rie Muñoz">Rie Muñoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadie_Neakok" title="Sadie Neakok">Sadie Neakok</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Nordale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katherine Nordale (page does not exist)">Katherine Nordale</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarah Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Peratrovich" title="Elizabeth Peratrovich">Elizabeth Peratrovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisters_of_Providence_(Montreal)" title="Sisters of Providence (Montreal)">Sisters of Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Louise_Rasmuson" title="Mary Louise Rasmuson">Mary Louise Rasmuson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_E._Ryan" title="Irene E. Ryan">Irene Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Berg_Schaible" title="Grace Berg Schaible">Grace Berg Schaible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nell_Scott" title="Nell Scott">Nell Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lidia_Selkregg" title="Lidia Selkregg">Lidia Selkregg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalya_Shelikof" class="mw-redirect" title="Natalya Shelikof">Natalya Shelikof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arliss_Sturgulewski" title="Arliss Sturgulewski">Arliss Sturgulewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_M._Sweeney" title="Dora M. Sweeney">Dora M. Sweeney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran_Ulmer" title="Fran Ulmer">Fran Ulmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ada_Wien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ada Wien (page does not exist)">Ada Wien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Wunnicke" title="Esther Wunnicke">Esther Wunnicke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alberta_Schenck_Adams" title="Alberta Schenck Adams">Alberta Daisy Schenck Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_E._Brown" title="Alice E. Brown">Alice Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nora_Marks_Dauenhauer" title="Nora Marks Dauenhauer">Nora Marks Dauenhauer (Keixwnéi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettye_Davis" title="Bettye Davis">Bettye J. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazel_P._Heath" title="Hazel P. Heath">Hazel P. Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Holloway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirley Holloway (page does not exist)">Shirley Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlene_Johnson_(Alaska)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlene Johnson (Alaska) (page does not exist)">Marlene Johnson (Slath Jaa Klaa Lákooti)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgianna_Lincoln" title="Georgianna Lincoln">Georgianna Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethel_Lund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethel Lund (page does not exist)">Ethel Lund (Aan Wugeex’)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marge_Mullen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marge Mullen (page does not exist)">Marge Mullen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helen_Nienhueser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helen Nienhueser (page does not exist)">Helen Nienhueser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo_Ryman_Scott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jo Ryman Scott (page does not exist)">Jo Ryman Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tay_Thomas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tay Thomas (page does not exist)">Mary Taylor "Tay" Pryor Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betsy_Tower&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betsy Tower (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Ann "Betsy" Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginny_Wood" title="Ginny Wood">Virginia "Ginny" Hill Wood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Abraham" title="Elaine Abraham">Elaine Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Crittenden" title="Katharine Crittenden">Katharine "Kit" Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betti_Cuddy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betti Cuddy (page does not exist)">Betti Cuddy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanie_Fleischer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanie Fleischer (page does not exist)">Nan Elaine "Lanie" Fleischer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joerene_Savikko_Hout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joerene Savikko Hout (page does not exist)">Joerene Savikko Hout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lael_Morgan" title="Lael Morgan">Lael Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Ost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruth Ost (page does not exist)">Ruth Elin Hall Ost</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leah_Peterson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leah Peterson (page does not exist)">Leah Webster Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Roderick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martha Roderick (page does not exist)">Martha M. Roderick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clare_Swan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clare Swan (page does not exist)">Clare Swan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peg_Tileston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peg Tileston (page does not exist)">Peg Tileston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helen_Whaley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helen Whaley (page does not exist)">Helen Stoddard Whaley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Wohlforth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caroline Wohlforth (page does not exist)">Caroline Wohlforth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pat_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pat Wolf (page does not exist)">Patricia B. Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Aanes" title="Audrey Aanes">Audrey Aanes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gretchen_Bersch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gretchen Bersch (page does not exist)">Gretchen T. Bersch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Boochever" title="Connie Boochever">Connie Boochever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Floyd" title="Carolyn Floyd">Carolyn Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilda_Hudson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilda Hudson (page does not exist)">Wilda G. "Burch" Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_E._Jones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carolyn E. Jones (page does not exist)">Carolyn E. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louise_Kellogg_(philanthropist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louise Kellogg (philanthropist) (page does not exist)">Louise Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Paneok" title="Ellen Paneok">Ellen Evak Paneok</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharon_Richards&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharon Richards (page does not exist)">Sharon Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irene_Rowan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irene Rowan (page does not exist)">Irene Sparks Rowan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisa_Rudd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisa Rudd (page does not exist)">Lisa Howell Starr Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susan_Ruddy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susan Ruddy (page does not exist)">Susan L. Ruddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Paul_Solomon" title="Hannah Paul Solomon">Hannah Paul Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pauline_Utter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pauline Utter (page does not exist)">Pauline Utter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosita_Worl" title="Rosita Worl">Rosita Worl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonie_von_Meusebach%E2%80%93Zesch" title="Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch">Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arne_Beltz" title="Arne Beltz">Arne (Buckley) Beltz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_Brady&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith Brady (page does not exist)">Judith "Judy" (King) Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphne_Brown" title="Daphne Brown">Daphne Elizabeth Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Covington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carolyn Covington (page does not exist)">Carolyn (Huntsman) Covington</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diddy_Hitchins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diddy Hitchins (page does not exist)">Diddy R. M. (Seyd) Hitchins</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karen_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karen Hunt (page does not exist)">Karen L. (Lueck) Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joan_Hurst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joan Hurst (page does not exist)">Joan Hurst</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_M._Jones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorothy M. Jones (page does not exist)">Dorothy M. (Knee) Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewel_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jewel Jones (page does not exist)">Jewel Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Joyce_(entrepreneur)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Joyce (entrepreneur) (page does not exist)">Mary Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thelma_Langdon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thelma Langdon (page does not exist)">Thelma (Perse) Langdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Morgan_(nurse)" title="Emily Morgan (nurse)">Emily Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Moulton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruth Moulton (page does not exist)">Ruth E. Moulton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie_Matsuno_Nash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marie Matsuno Nash (page does not exist)">Marie (Matsuno) Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Newell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anne Newell (page does not exist)">S. Anne Newell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Andrews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eleanor Andrews (page does not exist)">Eleanor Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Ruth_Angvik" class="mw-redirect" title="Jane Ruth Angvik">Jane Ruth Angvik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Dunham" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverly Dunham">Beverly D. Dunham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jane_Fate" title="Mary Jane Fate">Mary Jane (Evans) Fate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katie_John" title="Katie John">Katie John</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=V._Kay_Lahdenpera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="V. Kay Lahdenpera (page does not exist)">V. Kay Lahdenpera</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janie_Leask&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janie Leask (page does not exist)">Janie Leask (Gyetm Wilgoosk)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kay_Linton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kay Linton (page does not exist)">Kay Muriel (Townsend) Linton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jane_Niebergall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jane Niebergall (page does not exist)">Jane Vallett Sutherland Niebergall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verna_Pratt" title="Verna Pratt">Verna E. Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Sweetland_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Sweetland Smith (page does not exist)">Barbara Sweetland Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francine_Lastufka_Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francine Lastufka Taylor (page does not exist)">Francine Conat Lastufka Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trudy_Wolfe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trudy Wolfe (page does not exist)">Gertrude M. Wolfe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Bergt" title="Laura Bergt">Laura Mae (Beltz) Bergt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_Lee_Bitter" title="Daisy Lee Bitter">Daisy Lee (Andersen) Bitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlene_Clay" title="Arlene Clay">L. Arlene "Buddy" Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucy_Hon_Cuddy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucy Hon Cuddy (page does not exist)">Lucy Evelyn (Huie Hon) Cuddy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie_Darlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marie Darlin (page does not exist)">Marie (Hanna) Darlin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dolly_Farnsworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dolly Farnsworth (page does not exist)">Dolly Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alice_Johnstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alice Johnstone (page does not exist)">Alice Johnstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dove_Kull" title="Dove Kull">Alice Dove (Montgomery) Kull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Meade" title="Marie Meade">Marie (Nick) Meade (Arnaq)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gail_Phillips" title="Gail Phillips">Ramona Gail (McIver) Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Schmidt" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruth Schmidt">Ruth Anne Marie Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann_Cherrington_Stevens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ann Cherrington Stevens (page does not exist)">Ann Mary (Cherrington) Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elvera_Voth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elvera Voth (page does not exist)">Elvera Voth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Aghnaqa_(Akeya)_Alowa" title="Annie Aghnaqa (Akeya) Alowa">Annie Aghnaqa (Akeya) Alowa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathleen_Dalton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathleen Dalton (page does not exist)">Kathleen Dalton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandy_Harper_(art_advocate)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandy Harper (art advocate) (page does not exist)">Sandy Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juanita_Lou_Helms" class="mw-redirect" title="Juanita Lou Helms">Juanita Lou Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Brilliant_Jenne" class="mw-redirect" title="Crystal Brilliant Jenne">Crystal Brilliant Jenne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margy_K._Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margy K. Johnson (page does not exist)">Margy K. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eliza_Peter_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eliza Peter Jones (page does not exist)">Eliza Peter Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_P._Lanier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anne P. Lanier (page does not exist)">Anne P. Lanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_McCabe" title="Janet McCabe">Janet McCabe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo_Michalski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jo Michalski (page does not exist)">Jo Michalski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alice_Petrivelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alice Petrivelli (page does not exist)">Alice Petrivelli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Mae_Staten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirley Mae Staten (page does not exist)">Shirley Mae Staten</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nancy_Sydnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nancy Sydnam (page does not exist)">Nancy Sydnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dixie_Johnson_Belcher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dixie Johnson Belcher (page does not exist)">Dixie Johnson Belcher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathryn_Brown_(Alaska)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathryn Brown (Alaska) (page does not exist)">Katheryn Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paula_Easley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paula Easley (page does not exist)">Paula Easley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Fuller_Elsner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Fuller Elsner (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Fuller Elsner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kay_Muriel_Townsend_Linton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kay Muriel Townsend Linton (page does not exist)">Kay Muriel Townsend Linton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tennys_Thornton_Bowers_Owens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tennys Thornton Bowers Owens (page does not exist)">Tennys Thornton Bowers Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Parent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Parent (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Parent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cathryn_Robertson_Rasmuson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cathryn Robertson Rasmuson (page does not exist)">Cathryn Robertson Rasmuson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teri_Rofkar" title="Teri Rofkar">Teri Rofkar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elsa_Saladino_Malapit_Sargento&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elsa Saladino Malapit Sargento (page does not exist)">Elsa Saladino Malapit Sargento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Dyakanoff_Seller" title="Kathryn Dyakanoff Seller">Kathryn Dyakanoff Seller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann_Mary_Cherrington_Stevens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ann Mary Cherrington Stevens (page does not exist)">Ann Mary Cherrington Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_Swartz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol Swartz (page does not exist)">Carol Swartz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poldine_Carlo" title="Poldine Carlo">Poldine Carlo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeanmarie_Larson_Crumb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeanmarie Larson Crumb (page does not exist)">Jeanmarie Larson Crumb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederica_de_Laguna" title="Frederica de Laguna">Frederica de Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Laurie_Espinosa_Epperson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Laurie Espinosa Epperson (page does not exist)">Mary Laurie Espinosa Epperson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alice_Stevenson_Green&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alice Stevenson Green (page does not exist)">Alice Stevenson Green</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorrie_Louise_Angelo_Horning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lorrie Louise Angelo Horning (page does not exist)">Lorrie Louise Angelo Horning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_King" title="Mary Lou King">Mary Lou King</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Lowe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margaret Lowe (page does not exist)">Margaret Lowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edna_Ahgeak_MacLean" title="Edna Ahgeak MacLean">Edna Ahgeak MacLean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_G._Page" title="Dorothy G. Page">Dorothy G. Page</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michelle_Ridgway_(Alaska)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michelle Ridgway (Alaska) (page does not exist)">Michelle Ridgeway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beatrice_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beatrice Rose (page does not exist)">Beatrice Rose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Blanchard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia Blanchard (page does not exist)">Virginia Blanchard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie_Qaqaun_Carroll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marie Qaqaun Carroll (page does not exist)">Marie Qaqaun Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heather_Flynn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heather Flynn (page does not exist)">Heather Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abigale_Hensley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abigale Hensley (page does not exist)">Abigale Hensley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beverly_Hoffman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beverly Hoffman (page does not exist)">Beverly Hoffman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_K._Hughes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary K. Hughes (page does not exist)">Mary K. Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roxanna_Lawer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roxanna Lawer (page does not exist)">Roxanna Lawer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Metcalf" title="Vera Metcalf">Vera Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Pete" title="Mary Pete">Mary Pete</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Pugh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margaret Pugh (page does not exist)">Margaret Pugh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monica_M_Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monica M Anderson (page does not exist)">Monica M Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reyne_Marie_Athanas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reyne Marie Athanas (page does not exist)">Reyne Marie Athanas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Eliassen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarah Eliassen (page does not exist)">Sarah Eliassen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=April_S._Ferguson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="April S. Ferguson (page does not exist)">April S. Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maragret_Norma_(Campbell)_Goodman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maragret Norma (Campbell) Goodman (page does not exist)">Maragret Norma (Campbell) Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann_%E2%80%9CNancy%E2%80%9D_(Desmond)_Gross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ann “Nancy” (Desmond) Gross (page does not exist)">Ann “Nancy” (Desmond) Gross</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karleen_(Alstead)_Grummett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karleen (Alstead) Grummett (page does not exist)">Karleen (Alstead) Grummett</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jennifer_%E2%80%9CJane%E2%80%9D_Wainwright_Mears&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jennifer “Jane” Wainwright Mears (page does not exist)">Jennifer “Jane” Wainwright Mears</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peggy_Mullen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peggy Mullen (page does not exist)">Peggy Mullen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandy_Poulson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandy Poulson (page does not exist)">Sandy Poulson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frances_Helaine_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frances Helaine Rose (page does not exist)">Frances Helaine Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_%E2%80%9CJudi%E2%80%9D_Anne_Slajer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith “Judi” Anne Slajer (page does not exist)">Judith “Judi” Anne Slajer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnes_Coyle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnes Coyle (page does not exist)">Agnes Coyle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brideen_Crawford_Milner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brideen Crawford Milner (page does not exist)">Brideen Crawford Milner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Curda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linda Curda (page does not exist)">Linda Curda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lynn_E._Hartz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lynn E. Hartz (page does not exist)">Lynn E. Hartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermalee_Hickel" title="Ermalee Hickel">Ermalee Hickel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Hood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Hood (page does not exist)">Barbara Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Hope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucille Hope (page does not exist)">Lucille Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Murie" title="Margaret Murie">Margaret Murie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cindy_Roberts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cindy Roberts (page does not exist)">Cindy Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Ann_Warden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Ann Warden (page does not exist)">Mary Ann Warden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Berner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Berner (page does not exist)">Barbara Berner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pat_Branson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pat Branson (page does not exist)">Pat Branson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etheldra_Davis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etheldra Davis (page does not exist)">Etheldra Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirley_Fraser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirley Fraser (page does not exist)">Shirley Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Itta" title="Brenda Itta">Brenda Itta-Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeeDee_Jonrowe" title="DeeDee Jonrowe">DeeDee Ann Stout Jonrowe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Becky_Parker_(Alaska)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Becky Parker (Alaska) (page does not exist)">Becky Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karen_Perdue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karen Perdue (page does not exist)">Karen Perdue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheila_Toomey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheila Toomey (page does not exist)">Sheila Toomey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roxy_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roxy Wright (page does not exist)">Roxy Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adelheid_Becker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adelheid Becker (page does not exist)">Adelheid Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_V._Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carolyn V. Brown (page does not exist)">carolyn V. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_D%27Amico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victoria D'Amico (page does not exist)">Victoria D'Amico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroko_Harada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiroko Harada (page does not exist)">Hiroko Harada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_Isabell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorothy Isabell (page does not exist)">Dorothy Isabell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ada_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ada Johnson (page does not exist)">Ada Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diane_Kaplan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diane Kaplan (page does not exist)">Diane Kaplan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Navitsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Navitsky (page does not exist)">Mary Navitsky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esther_Petrie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esther Petrie (page does not exist)">Esther Petrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libby_Riddles" title="Libby Riddles">Libby Riddles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Rutherford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martha Rutherford (page does not exist)">Martha Rutherford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Idaho&#039;s_Women_of_Influence" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Idaho%27s_Women_of_Influence" title="Template:Idaho's Women of Influence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Idaho%27s_Women_of_Influence" title="Template talk:Idaho's Women of Influence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Idaho%27s_Women_of_Influence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Idaho's Women of Influence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Idaho&#039;s_Women_of_Influence" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Idaho%27s_Women_of_Influence" title="Idaho's Women of Influence">Idaho's Women of Influence</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Cobb_Ailshie" title="Margaret Cobb Ailshie">Margaret Cobb Ailshie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verda_Barnes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verda Barnes (page does not exist)">Verda Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Ryrie_Brink" title="Carol Ryrie Brink">Carol Ryrie Brink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Brooks" title="Mary Brooks">Mary Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Chenoweth-Hage" title="Helen Chenoweth-Hage">Helen Chenoweth-Hage</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Elizabeth_Donaldson_(Idaho)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Elizabeth Donaldson (Idaho) (page does not exist)">Mary Elizabeth Donaldson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Scott_Duniway" title="Abigail Scott Duniway">Abigail Scott Duniway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permeal_J._French" title="Permeal J. French">Permeal J. French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hall" title="Maggie Hall">Maggie Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Holbert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Holbert (page does not exist)">Christine Holbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnie_Howard" title="Minnie Howard">Minnie Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Kirkwood" title="Mary Kirkwood">Mary Kirkwood</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edith_Miller_Klein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edith Miller Klein (page does not exist)">Edith Miller Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velma_Morrison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Velma Morrison (page does not exist)">Velma Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Morse" title="Lee Morse">Lee Morse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarah Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracie_Pfost" title="Gracie Pfost">Gracie Pfost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Reynolds" title="Marjorie Reynolds">Marjorie Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Ritchie_(Idaho)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margaret Ritchie (Idaho) (page does not exist)">Margaret Ritchie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilynne_Robinson" title="Marilynne Robinson">Marilynne Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Shadduck" title="Louise Shadduck">Louise Shadduck</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jennie_Eva_Hughes_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jennie Eva Hughes Smith (page does not exist)">Jennie Eva Hughes Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Stockbridge" title="Nellie Stockbridge">Nellie Stockbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belle_Sweet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belle Sweet (page does not exist)">Belle Sweet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorice_Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorice Taylor (page does not exist)">Dorice Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lana_Turner" title="Lana Turner">Lana Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Penson-Ward&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betty Penson-Ward (page does not exist)">Betty Penson-Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedicte_Wrensted" title="Benedicte Wrensted">Benedicte Wrensted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Allen_Wright" title="Mary Allen Wright">Mary Allen Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emma_Russell_Yearian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emma Russell Yearian (page does not exist)">Emma Russell Yearian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43144#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43144#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43144#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120988720">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/7159878">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1665066/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJr83mvmJFm8HPdgYwjgrq">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/136641318">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2007007261">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16521470s">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16521470s">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=js20080915004&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1481118">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p323852963">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/11055333">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/20dhnv7l17376fc">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810617424305606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007570851305171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14221217">Belgium</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/136641318">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/171856791">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6bz9j0m">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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[\"CITEREFBarr2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarr2010\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFBauder2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBender2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBenderIssenberg,_Sasha2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBenet2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBenet2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBerman2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBernton2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBerntonHeath,_David2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBohrer2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBohrerThiessen2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBolstad2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBolstadCockerham,_Sean2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoteach2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrachear2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBradner2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBraiker2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBranchflower2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBumillerCooper2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBumillerJulie_BosmanMichael_Cooper2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurmilaRyan2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFByers2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCalderone,_Michael2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarlton2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarlton2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarnevaleDavis,_Susan2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCauchon2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChamberlain2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChapman2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCillizza2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCillizza2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCockerham,_Sean2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCockerham2008\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFCockerham2009\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFCollins,_Britt2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCondon2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCostelloDana_BashScott_J._Anderson2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCouric2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCousineau\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFD\u0026#039;Agostino2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFD\u0026#039;Oro2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDaniel_K.,_Douglass2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavey2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavis2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavis2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDelbridge,_Rena2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDemer,_Lisa2008\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFDemer2008\"] = 6,\n [\"CITEREFDickerson2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDilanian,_Ken2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDimond2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDobbs2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDobbyn,_Paula2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDraper2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElisHillygusNie2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEspo2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFactCheck.org_staff2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFagan2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFarley2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFouhy2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrank2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFritze2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrum2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGarofoli,_Joe2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeier2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeranios2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGibson2008\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFGilbert2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGold2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldenberg2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldman,_Russell2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGorski2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGourevitch2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGovernor\u0026#039;s_Office2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrimaldi,_James_V.Kindy,_Kimberly2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrimaldi2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrimaldi2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrimaldiVick,_Karl2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrimaldiVick2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrove2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGutierrez2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHallow2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHalpin2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHambly2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarnden2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarrisFrerking,_Beth2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHennessy2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHibberd2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHilley2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHolland2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHopkins2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHorowitz2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHorton,_Scott2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHorton2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHosenball2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHudson2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHuffington_Post_staff2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHulen2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHunt2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIsikoffMark_Hosenball2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFItalie2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJacobs2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJeremy_Diamond\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnson2008\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFJohnston2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJosh_Gerstein2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKane2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKessler2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKizza2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKizzia,_Tom2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKizzia2006\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFKizzia2008\"] = 1,\n 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1,\n [\"CITEREFNagourney2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNew_York_Times_staff\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFNewton-Small2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNoah2008\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFNugent2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOliphant2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPage2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaige2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPalin2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPalin2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParker2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaul2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeterson,_Deb2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPhillips2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPilkington2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPurdum2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQuinn,_Steve_and_Calvin_Woodward2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQuinn2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReed2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReither2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReynolds2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRhee2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRomero2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRood,_JustinRutherford,_JessicaDelawala,_Imtiyaz2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosen2008\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFRowland,_Kara2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRuskinMedia2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRutenberg2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSalant2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSands2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScarborough2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchleifer2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchultz2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchwartz2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShea2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShearVick2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShinohara2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSimon2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSlater2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSlaterEtienne2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSnow2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSobieraj_Westfall2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpence2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpillius2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStanley2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStelterDave_Itzkoff2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStoddardYereth_Rosen2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStuart1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSuddath2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSullivan2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSwaine,_Jon2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTapper2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTapper2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTaylor2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThompson2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomson2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThornburgh2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTranscript2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTruth-O-Meter2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUPI_staff2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUlloaPeters2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVan_Flein,_Thomas2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVejnoska2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalsh2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalshe2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWangsness,_Lisa2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeigel2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeiss,_Joanna2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhite2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWill2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYang2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYardley,_William2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYardley2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYardley2008\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFYardleySerge_F._Kovaleski2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZakiDennis2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZernike2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFan_Ivan_Moore_press_release2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFdeMarban,_Alex2007\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 2,\n [\"'\"] = 1,\n [\"'\\\"\"] = 1,\n [\"AK Republican gubernatorial nominees\"] = 1,\n [\"Alaska Women's Hall of Fame\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"C-SPAN\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 2,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite interview\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 14,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 238,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite video\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 94,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Conservatism US\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Palin, Sarah\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 4,\n [\"Election box begin\"] = 1,\n [\"Election box begin no change\"] = 4,\n [\"Election box candidate\"] = 1,\n [\"Election box candidate with party link\"] = 5,\n [\"Election box candidate with party link no change\"] = 12,\n [\"Election box end\"] = 5,\n [\"Election box hold with party link\"] = 1,\n [\"Election box plurality\"] = 1,\n [\"Election box total no change\"] = 3,\n [\"Election box turnout\"] = 1,\n [\"Election box turnout no change\"] = 1,\n [\"Election box winning candidate with party link\"] = 1,\n [\"Election box winning candidate with party link no change\"] = 4,\n [\"Governors of Alaska\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 1,\n [\"IMDb name\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 1,\n [\"Idaho's Women of Influence\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox officeholder\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 9,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 1,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Née\"] = 1,\n [\"PAGENAMEBASE\"] = 1,\n [\"Party color\"] = 17,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-blp\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-move\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Respell\"] = 1,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 5,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 5,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-off\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ppo\"] = 1,\n [\"S-prec\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 5,\n [\"Sarah Palin\"] = 1,\n [\"Sarah Palin series\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 3,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Sortname\"] = 7,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"USRepVicePresNominees\"] = 1,\n [\"United States presidential election, 2008\"] = 1,\n [\"Unsuccessful major party VPOTUS candidates\"] = 1,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 3,\n [\"Wiktionary\"] = 1,\n [\"YouTube\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","640","19.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","340","10.5"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","320","9.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","140","4.3"],["recursiveClone 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