CINXE.COM
Podcasts Archives – Physics World
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-GB"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta http-equiv="Referrer-Policy" content="origin, strict-origin-when-cross-origin"> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://physicsworld.com/xmlrpc.php"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://use.typekit.net" crossorigin /> <link rel="preload" href="https://cdn-cookieyes.com/client_data/32a66075cd31d8fea8d5fadf/script.js" as="script" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.ampproject.org" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://in.hotjar.com" crossorigin /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" > <!-- webkit FranklinGothicURW start --> <script src="//use.typekit.net/mfv1unu.js"></script> <script>try{Typekit.load({ async: true, active: function() { jQuery('body').addClass('typekit'); } });}catch(e){}</script> <!-- webkit FranklinGothicURW end --> <link href="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/themes/iopp/static/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-TQRT9K38');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.3 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Podcasts Archives – Physics World</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://physicsworld.com/a/quantum-superstars-gather-in-paris-for-the-iyq-2025-opening-ceremony/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Podcasts Archives – Physics World" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Physics World" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@PhysicsWorld" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/","url":"https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/","name":"Podcasts Archives – Physics World","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://physicsworld.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list.jpg","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/#primaryimage","url":"https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list.jpg","contentUrl":"https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list.jpg","width":1402,"height":788,"caption":"Courtesy: Matin Durrani"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://physicsworld.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Podcasts"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://physicsworld.com/#website","url":"https://physicsworld.com/","name":"Physics World","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://physicsworld.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <meta name="oas:article-type" content="audio" /><link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.jsdelivr.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//players.brightcove.net' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://physicsworld.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='safe-svg-svg-icon-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .safe-svg-cover{text-align:center}.safe-svg-cover .safe-svg-inside{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.safe-svg-cover svg{height:100%;max-height:100%;max-width:100%;width:100%} </style> <style id='powerpress-player-block-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='nine3-style-css' href='https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/themes/iopp/dist/css/main.1fa9a2d311a264afd5a12e9e5bbcf4cf.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='brightcove-pip-css-css' href='https://players.brightcove.net/videojs-pip/1/videojs-pip.css?ver=2.8.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='brightcove-playlist-css' href='https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/plugins/brightcove-video-connect/assets/css/brightcove_playlist.min.css?ver=2.8.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script id="real3d-flipbook-forntend-js-extra"> var rootFolder = ["https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/real3d-flipbook\/"]; </script> <script src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/plugins/real3d-flipbook/js/frontend.js?ver=3.61" id="real3d-flipbook-forntend-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://physicsworld.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://physicsworld.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <script id="dzsap-main-settings" type="application/json">{"dzsap_site_url":"https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/","pluginurl":"https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/dzs-zoomsounds\/audioplayer\/","dzsap_curr_user":0,"version":"6.50","ajax_url":"https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","action_received_time_total":"send_total_time"}</script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- function powerpress_pinw(pinw_url){window.open(pinw_url, 'PowerPressPlayer','toolbar=0,status=0,resizable=1,width=460,height=320'); return false;} //--> // tabnab protection window.addEventListener('load', function () { // make all links have rel="noopener noreferrer" document.querySelectorAll('a[target="_blank"]').forEach(link => { link.setAttribute('rel', 'noopener noreferrer'); }); }); </script> <!-- Stream WordPress user activity plugin v4.1.0 --> <meta name="onesignal" content="wordpress-plugin"/> <script> window.OneSignal = window.OneSignal || []; OneSignal.push( function() { OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_UPDATER_PATH = "OneSignalSDKUpdaterWorker.js.php"; OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_PATH = "OneSignalSDKWorker.js.php"; OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_PARAM = { scope: "/" }; OneSignal.setDefaultNotificationUrl("https://physicsworld.com"); var oneSignal_options = {}; window._oneSignalInitOptions = oneSignal_options; oneSignal_options['wordpress'] = true; oneSignal_options['appId'] = '7322d010-59eb-4b97-8b58-47d4ecec27f1'; oneSignal_options['allowLocalhostAsSecureOrigin'] = true; oneSignal_options['welcomeNotification'] = { }; oneSignal_options['welcomeNotification']['title'] = "Physics World"; oneSignal_options['welcomeNotification']['message'] = ""; oneSignal_options['path'] = "https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/plugins/onesignal-free-web-push-notifications/sdk_files/"; oneSignal_options['promptOptions'] = { }; oneSignal_options['notifyButton'] = { }; oneSignal_options['notifyButton']['enable'] = true; oneSignal_options['notifyButton']['position'] = 'bottom-right'; oneSignal_options['notifyButton']['theme'] = 'default'; oneSignal_options['notifyButton']['size'] = 'medium'; oneSignal_options['notifyButton']['showCredit'] = true; oneSignal_options['notifyButton']['text'] = {}; OneSignal.init(window._oneSignalInitOptions); OneSignal.showSlidedownPrompt(); }); function documentInitOneSignal() { var oneSignal_elements = document.getElementsByClassName("OneSignal-prompt"); var oneSignalLinkClickHandler = function(event) { OneSignal.push(['registerForPushNotifications']); event.preventDefault(); }; for(var i = 0; i < oneSignal_elements.length; i++) oneSignal_elements[i].addEventListener('click', oneSignalLinkClickHandler, false); } if (document.readyState === 'complete') { documentInitOneSignal(); } else { window.addEventListener("load", function(event){ documentInitOneSignal(); }); } </script> <!-- Hotjar Tracking Code for physicsworld.com --> <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:788234,hjsv:6}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); /* Hotjar user attributes */ window.hj( 'identify', null, { Language: window.navigator.language, }); </script> <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> "use strict"; /** * Returns the OpenGraph type of this page (as set by Yoast) * * Cannot use `getMetaContent` for this as it uses the "property" attribute * instead of the expected "name". * * @return {string} OpenGraph type */ function getOgType() { let og_type = document.querySelector('meta[property="og:type"]'); return ( og_type && og_type.content ? og_type.content : '' ); } /** * Returns the content attribute of the named <meta> tag * * @param {string} name - Meta name * @return {string} Meta content */ function getMetaContent( name ) { let element = document.querySelector('meta[name="' + name + '"]'); return element ? element.content : ''; } /** * Defines a GA slot only if the slot actually exists * * @param {string} ref - Slot reference * @param {Array} dimensions - Target dimensions * @param {string} slot_id - Element ID * @param {PubAdsService} service - Service to bind to */ function defineIfSlot(ref, dimensions, slot_id, service) { const element = document.getElementById(slot_id); // No ad slot if (!element) return; return googletag.defineSlot(ref, dimensions, slot_id).addService(service); } window.googletag = ( window.googletag || { cmd: [] } ); googletag.cmd.push( function() { const pubads = googletag.pubads(); // Conditionally define slots only if the element actually exists defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_r2_ap', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1567436410454-0', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_m_ap', [[300,250]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-1', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x01_gs', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-2', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x02_gs', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-3', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x03_gs', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-4', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x04_gs', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-5', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x05_gs', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-6', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x06_gs', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-7', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_r_ap', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1563268425067-0', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_r1_ap', [[300,250]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-11', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x10_ss', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-12', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x11_ss', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-13', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x12_ss', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-14', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x13_ss', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-15', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x14_ss', [160, 60], 'div-gpt-ad-1563269243507-0', pubads); defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_x15_ss', [[160,60]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-17', pubads); const leaderboard = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([970, 0], [[970, 90], [728, 90]]) // Larger screen ads .addSize([768, 0], [[728, 90]]) // Smaller (laptop) screen ads .addSize([0, 0], [[300, 250], [320, 50]]) // Mobile screen ads .build(); // Homepage & listing ads const t_1 = defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_t_hp', [[970,90],[728,90],[729,90],[300,250],[320,50]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-18', pubads); const t_2 = defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_t1_hp', [[970,90],[728,90],[729,90],[300,250],[320,50]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-19', pubads); const t_3 = defineIfSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_t2_hp', [[970,90],[728,90],[729,90],[300,250],[320,50]], 'div-gpt-ad-3759129-20', pubads); // Only map if they actually exist t_1 && t_1.defineSizeMapping(leaderboard); t_2 && t_2.defineSizeMapping(leaderboard); t_3 && t_3.defineSizeMapping(leaderboard); // Search results const headerSize = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([970, 0], [[970, 90]]) .addSize([0, 0], [[320, 50]]) .build() // Header ad (always appears) googletag.defineSlot('/21821800277/pw/pw_h_sw', [[970,90], [320, 50]], 'div-gpt-ad-5400963-20').defineSizeMapping(headerSize).addService(pubads); // Only apply targeting if values exist const article_og = getOgType(); if ( article_og ) { pubads.setTargeting( "articleTag", article_og ); } const article_type = getMetaContent( "oas:article-type" ); if ( article_type ) { pubads.setTargeting( "articleType", article_type ); } const article_category = getMetaContent( "oas:category" ); if ( article_category ) { pubads.setTargeting( "category", article_category ); } const article_sub = getMetaContent( "oas:sub-category" ); if ( article_sub ) { pubads.setTargeting( "subCategory", article_sub ); } // Add class to body if ads are visible pubads.addEventListener( "impressionViewable", function () { document.body.classList.add("has-ads"); }); pubads.enableSingleRequest(); pubads.collapseEmptyDivs(); // Start! googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <!-- <style> div.advert::after { content:'Advertisement'; display:block; text-align: left; font-size:12px; color: #9B9B9B; } </style> --> </head> <body class="archive tax-article-type term-audio term-100 not-logged-in"> <a class="sr-only" href="#main-content">Skip to main content</a> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript aria-hidden="true"> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TQRT9K38" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" > </iframe> </noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <header class="physics-world-nav"> <span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-5400963-20' class="advert"> <!-- remove class advert__fallback 14/03/24 as requested by Alison --> <script> window.addEventListener("load", () => { googletag.cmd.push(() => { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-5400963-20'); }); }) </script> </div> </span> <div class="top-bar"> <div class="top-bar__left"> <a href="https://ioppublishing.org/" class="top-bar__logo" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/themes/iopp/static/img/iop-publishing-logo-white.png" width="198" height="31" alt="" /> <span class="sr-only">IOP Publishing site</span> </a> </div> <button class="top-bar__menu--mobile"> Menu </button> <div class="top-bar__right"> <div class="top-bar__user"> <ul class="top-bar__links"> <li><button class="sign-in-btn"><span class="top-bar__icon"></span>Sign in</button></li> <li><button class="register-btn">Register</button></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="physics-world-nav__wrapper"> <div class="physics-world-nav__left"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com" class="physics-world-nav__logo"> <span class="sr-only">Back to homepage</span> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/themes/iopp/static/img/svg/pw-logo-red.svg" alt="IOP Physics World logo" width="217" height="40" /> </a> </div> <div class="physics-world-nav__right"> <nav class="nav-items__wrapper"> <button class="physics-world-nav__dropdown">Topics</button> <div class="topic-dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="topic-content-container"> <div><img width="798" height="449" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-1024x576.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large" alt="" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/KR-centred-abstract-torus-of-lights.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 798px) 100vw, 798px" /><h2>Browse articles by topic</h2></div> <ul class="topic-dropdown__list"> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/astronomy-space/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Astronomy_and_space_164193.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Astronomy and space</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/atomic-molecular/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Atomic_and_molecular__774E92.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Atomic and molecular</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/biophysics-bioengineering/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Biophysics_and_bioengineering__05958E-1.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Biophysics and bioengineering</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/condensed-matter/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Condensed_matter__774E92.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Condensed matter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/culture-history-society/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Culture.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Culture, history and society</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/environment-energy/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Environment_and_energy__85AD21-1.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Environment and energy</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/instrumentation-measurement/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Instrumentation_and_measurement__9D9D9C.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Instrumentation and measurement</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/materials/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Materials__0085C8.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Materials</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/mathematics-computation/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Mathematics_and_computation__EC660F.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Mathematics and computation</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/medical-physics/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Medical_physics__05958.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Medical physics</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/optics-photonics/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Optics_and_photonics__774E92.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Optics and photonics</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/particle-nuclear/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Particle_and_nuclear__774E92.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Particle and nuclear</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/people/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/People-icon-purple.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">People</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/quantum/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Quantum__774E92.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Quantum</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/scientific-enterprise/"> <span class="topic-dropdown__icon" style="background-color:;"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Enterprise-cogs.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </span> <span class="topic-dropdown__title">Scientific enterprise</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <!-- <button class="topic-dropdown__view-more"> <span>View more</span> </button> --> </div> <div class='primary-nav'><ul class='menu'><li class='menu-item-has-children'><button class='menu-item-button' aria-expanded='false'>Latest content</button><ul class='sub-menu'><li class='menu-item__featured-content'><div><img width="798" height="394" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-1024x506.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-1024x506.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-211x104.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-317x157.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-768x380.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-809x400.jpg 809w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-732x362.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-720x356.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-635x314.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-350x173.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-257x127.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-300x148.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-160x79.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB-128x63.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/big-data-concept-2055335264-shutterstock_greenbutterfly-WEB.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 798px) 100vw, 798px" /><h2>Browse articles by content type</h2></div></li><li><h2>Short reads</h2><ul class='sub-menu'><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/research-updates/'>Research updates</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/news/'>News</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/blog/'>Blog</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/innovation-showcases/'>Innovation showcases</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/events/'>Events</a></li></ul></li><li><h2>Long reads</h2><ul class='sub-menu'><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/features/'>Features</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/opinion-reviews/'>Opinion and reviews</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/interviews/'>Interviews</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/analysis/'>Analysis</a></li></ul></li><li><h2>Multimedia</h2><ul class='sub-menu'><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/'>Podcasts</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/videos/'>Video</a></li><li><a href='https://physicsworld.com/l/webinars/'>Webinars</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class=''><a href='https://physicsworld.com/p/magazine/archive/'>Magazine</a></li><li class=''><a href='https://physicsworld.com/p/physics-world-live/'>Physics World Live</a></li></ul></div> <a href="https://www.physicsworldjobs.com" target="_blank" class="nav__link-img link-img--pw-jobs"> <span class='screen-reader-text'>IOP Physics World Jobs logo</span> <svg width="121" height="18" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g clip-path="url(#a)"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M84.433 9.612V7.308c0-.324-.105-.792-.281-1.08-.352-.864-1.02-1.44-1.97-1.44-1.971 0-2.183 2.52-2.183 4.032 0 1.584.176 4.176 2.288 4.176.492 0 .915-.144 1.302-.468.844-.72.844-1.836.844-2.916Zm1.478 4.428h-1.337V12.6c-.598 1.116-1.443 1.656-2.71 1.656-2.815 0-3.554-2.88-3.554-5.256 0-2.34.775-5.508 3.59-5.508 1.196 0 2.006.504 2.533 1.62V.9h1.478v13.14Z" fill="#9460A4"/><path d="M8.879 8.783c0-2.124-.563-5.22-3.237-5.22-1.197 0-1.725.72-2.288 1.692V3.707H.75V17.53h2.78v-4.248c.528.613 1.091.937 1.936.937 2.815-.037 3.413-3.133 3.413-5.436Zm-2.92-.072c0 .755.034 2.34-.388 2.987-.211.36-.457.468-.88.468-1.302 0-1.196-1.296-1.196-2.268v-2.52c0-.864.211-1.907 1.267-1.907 1.302 0 1.196 2.196 1.196 3.095v.144ZM17.29 14.04V7.164c0-1.908-.211-3.672-2.534-3.672-1.126 0-1.83.324-2.463 1.296V.9H9.478v13.14h2.815V7.488c0-.936.105-1.728 1.196-1.728 1.056 0 .986.792.986 1.692v6.588h2.815ZM25.207 3.709H22.78l-1.302 6.3-1.372-6.3H17.29l2.885 10.152c-.317 1.116-.492 1.476-1.654 1.476a5.65 5.65 0 0 1-.81-.072v2.268c.423.108.81.18 1.197.18 2.288 0 2.71-1.62 3.273-3.492l3.026-10.512ZM32.387 10.872c0-2.016-1.408-2.592-2.992-3.168-.316-.108-.95-.324-1.267-.54-.281-.216-.422-.468-.422-.864 0-.54.352-.9.88-.9.88 0 1.232.648 1.478 1.404l2.006-.612c-.458-1.764-1.654-2.7-3.414-2.7-1.935 0-3.59 1.188-3.59 3.276 0 1.944 1.409 2.7 3.027 3.24.352.108.88.288 1.197.504.317.216.422.468.422.864 0 .684-.528.936-1.09.936-.986 0-1.408-.612-1.62-1.548l-2.217.36c.317 2.196 1.69 3.06 3.801 3.06 2.006.072 3.8-1.08 3.8-3.312ZM35.8 3.709h-2.816v10.332H35.8V3.709ZM35.8.9h-2.816v1.908H35.8V.9ZM44.527 10.188l-2.64-.18c-.035.792-.175 1.908-1.16 1.908-1.373 0-1.338-2.232-1.338-3.168 0-.972.035-3.096 1.408-3.096.95 0 1.055 1.224 1.09 1.944l2.64-.108c-.106-1.224-.211-2.052-1.091-2.952-.774-.792-1.654-1.044-2.71-1.044-3.132 0-4.187 2.52-4.187 5.364 0 2.772.914 5.4 4.047 5.4 2.568 0 3.66-1.584 3.94-4.068ZM52.34 10.872c0-2.016-1.408-2.592-2.992-3.168-.316-.108-.95-.324-1.267-.54-.281-.216-.422-.468-.422-.864 0-.54.352-.9.88-.9.88 0 1.231.648 1.478 1.404l2.006-.612c-.458-1.764-1.654-2.7-3.414-2.7-1.935 0-3.59 1.188-3.59 3.276 0 1.944 1.408 2.7 3.027 3.24.352.108.88.288 1.197.504.316.216.422.468.422.864 0 .684-.528.936-1.09.936-.986 0-1.409-.612-1.62-1.548l-2.217.36c.317 2.196 1.69 3.06 3.8 3.06 2.007.072 3.802-1.08 3.802-3.312Z" class="svg-fill-colour"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M63.002 3.709h-1.231l-1.83 7.848-1.865-7.848h-1.091l-1.69 7.74-1.759-7.74h-1.478l2.499 10.332h1.372l1.619-7.272 1.724 7.272h1.267l2.463-10.332ZM70.568 9c0-2.664-.739-5.58-3.87-5.58-3.062 0-3.872 2.844-3.872 5.472 0 2.628.81 5.436 3.836 5.436 3.027 0 3.906-2.7 3.906-5.328Zm-1.654-.108c0 1.476-.21 4.14-2.217 4.14-2.005 0-2.217-2.664-2.217-4.176s.247-4.14 2.217-4.14c2.006 0 2.217 2.664 2.217 4.176ZM75.495 5.184V3.456c-.106-.036-.211-.036-.352-.036-.563 0-1.055.288-1.443.612-.598.54-.809 1.08-1.09 1.836v-2.16h-1.338V14.04h1.513V8.712c0-1.584.458-3.564 2.358-3.564.07 0 .246 0 .352.036Z" fill="#9460A4"/><path d="M77.712.9h-1.513v13.14h1.513V.9Z" fill="#9460A4"/><path d="M89.395.9h-.352v15.948h.352V.9ZM92.844 16.848c-.422 0-.774-.072-1.161-.18v-1.26c.351.108.668.18 1.02.18 1.161 0 1.161-.828 1.161-1.764V3.924h1.478v9c.036 1.944 0 3.924-2.498 3.924ZM93.829 2.7V.9h1.619v1.8h-1.619ZM100.339 14.545c-3.026 0-3.836-2.808-3.836-5.436s.81-5.472 3.871-5.472c3.132 0 3.871 2.88 3.871 5.58-.035 2.592-.915 5.328-3.906 5.328Zm0-9.612c-1.97 0-2.217 2.628-2.217 4.14 0 1.512.211 4.176 2.217 4.176 1.971 0 2.217-2.664 2.217-4.14 0-1.512-.211-4.176-2.217-4.176ZM108.926 14.473c-1.372 0-1.935-.432-2.569-1.656-.14.468-.246.972-.387 1.44h-.774V.29h1.478v5.004c.633-1.008 1.337-1.584 2.569-1.584 2.815 0 3.519 2.988 3.519 5.328 0 2.628-.809 5.436-3.836 5.436Zm.035-9.468c-1.654 0-2.252 1.836-2.252 3.276v1.584c0 1.584.317 3.348 2.217 3.348 2.112 0 2.182-2.628 2.182-4.212 0-1.62-.07-3.996-2.147-3.996ZM116.739 14.544c-2.006 0-3.203-.936-3.625-2.952l1.408-.324c.281 1.332.985 1.98 2.322 1.98.986 0 2.041-.54 2.041-1.692 0-1.872-3.237-1.728-4.504-2.88a2.592 2.592 0 0 1-.845-1.908c0-1.872 1.549-3.096 3.308-3.096.915 0 1.795.324 2.428 1.008.423.468.563.972.739 1.62l-1.302.324c-.316-.972-.879-1.656-1.97-1.656-.915 0-1.725.576-1.725 1.584 0 .828.599 1.224 1.302 1.476 1.725.54 4.118 1.008 4.118 3.384-.036 2.052-1.83 3.132-3.695 3.132Z" class="svg-fill-colour"/></g><defs><clipPath id="a"><path fill="#fff" transform="translate(.75)" d="M0 0h120v18H0z"/></clipPath></defs></svg> </a> </nav> <button class="physics-world-nav__search-btn"> <i class="fa fa-search" aria-hidden="true"></i> Search<span class="sr-only">Open Search Dialog</span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="homepage-search" aria-expanded="false"> <form action="https://physicsworld.com"> <label for="input-home-search">Search by content type, topic, person, research area and more</label> <div class="homepage-search__form-container"> <input id="input-home-search" type="search" name="s" placeholder="Search..." value="" /> <button type="submit"> <i class="fa fa-search" aria-hidden="true"></i>Search<span class="sr-only">Submit search</span> </button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="other-sites"> <ul class="items"> <li> <a href="https://ioppublishing.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> IOP Publishing </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="top-bar__social"> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/physicsworld/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"> <i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">Follow us on Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/PhysicsWorld" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"> <i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">Follow us on Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/physics-world" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"> <i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">Follow us on LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/PhysicsWorldTV" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"> <i class="fa fa-youtube-play" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">Watch us on Youtube</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/feed" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"> <i class="fa fa-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">RSS Feed</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="items"> <li> <a href="https://www.physicsworldjobs.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Jobs </a> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <div class="popup sign-in"> <div class="popup__tabs"> <button class="popup__tab popup__tab--active popup__tab-sign-in" data-tab="0">Sign in</button> <button class="popup__tab popup__tab-register" data-tab="1">Register</button> <button class="fa fa-times-circle btn--close popup__close"></button> </div> <div class="popup__content"> <div class="sign-in__content popup__row popup__row--active ajax_container"> <form action="#" method="POST" data-ajax="login" class="login-form ajax__content" data-dest=".sign-in__content" data-keep="1"> <div class="flex flex--rows popup__row__content"> <div class="popup__col"> <input type="hidden" name="redirect" value="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio"> <input type="hidden" name="page" value="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio"> <ul class="sign-in__inputs"> <li> <label for="input-signin-email">Enter e-mail address</label> <input id="input-signin-email" type="email" name="user-email" required oninvalid="this.setCustomValidity('Please enter a valid e-mail address')" oninput="this.setCustomValidity('')"/> </li> <li class="password-input"> <label for="input-signin-password">Enter password</label> <input type="password" name="user-password" id="input-signin-password" class="password-field" required oninvalid="this.setCustomValidity('Please enter a password')" oninput="this.setCustomValidity('')"/> <input type="checkbox" name="password" id="show-pw" /> <label for="show-pw" class="password-label">Show</label> </li> <li> <div> <input type="checkbox" name="remember-me" id="form-checkbox" class="form-checkbox" /> <label for="form-checkbox"><span></span>Remember me</label> </div> <div> <a href="#" class="forgot-btn">Forgot your password?</a> </div> </li> </ul> <aside class="register__benefits"> <strong>Are you an IOP member?</strong> <p>Sign into your <em>Physics World</em> account to get access to all available digital issues of the monthly magazine. Your <em>Physics World</em> account is separate to any IOP accounts you may have</p> </aside> </div> <div class="popup__col"> <div class="field__attempts"> <strong>Sign in to</strong> <ul> <li>Access more than 20 years of online content</li> <li>Manage which e-mail newsletters you want to receive</li> <li>Read about the big breakthroughs and innovations across 13 scientific topics</li> <li>Explore the key issues and trends within the global scientific community</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="popup__actions"> <input type="submit" value="Sign in" class="btn btn--green" /> </div> </form> </div> <div class="register__form popup__row"> <form action="/" class="form-register ajax__content " method="POST" data-ajax="register" data-dest=".register__form" data-keep="1"> <div class="flex flex--rows popup__row__content"> <ul class="register__email gutter "> <li class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6"> <label for="input-register-email">Enter e-mail address</label> <input id="input-register-email" type="email" name="user-email" required oninvalid="this.setCustomValidity('Please enter a valid e-mail address')" oninput="this.setCustomValidity('')"/> <div class="tooltip"> <span class="fa fa-question-circle"></span> <span class="tooltip__content">This e-mail address will be used to create your account</span> </div> <aside class="register__benefits"> <strong>Are you an IOP member?</strong> <p>Create a <em>Physics World</em> account to get access to all available digital issues of the monthly magazine. Your <em>Physics World</em> account is separate to any IOP accounts you may have.</p> <p><strong>Note:</strong> The verification e-mail to complete your account registration should arrive immediately. However, in some cases it takes longer. Don't forget to check your spam folder.</p> <p>If you haven't received the e-mail in 24 hours, please contact <a href="mailto:customerservices@ioppublishing.org">customerservices@ioppublishing.org</a>.</p> </aside> </li> <li class="register__info col-xs-12 col-sm-6"> <strong>Registration is free, quick and easy</strong> <br /> <ul> <li>Access more than 20 years of online content</li> <li>Choose which e-mail newsletters you want to receive</li> <li>Read about the big breakthroughs and innovations across 13 scientific topics</li> <li>Explore the key issues and trends within the global scientific community</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="popup__actions"> <input type="submit" value="Register" class="btn btn--green" /> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="popup forgot-password "> <div class="popup__tabs"> <h4 class="popup__tab popup__tab--full">Reset your password</h4> <i class="fa fa-times-circle btn--close popup__close"></i> </div> <div class="popup__content forgot-parent ajax__container"> <form class="popup__row popup__row--active ajax__content forgot-form " action="/" method="POST" data-ajax="forgot" data-dest=".forgot-parent" data-keep="1"> <div class="popup__row__content"> <p>Please enter the e-mail address you used to register to reset your password</p> <p><strong>Note:</strong> The verification e-mail to change your password should arrive immediately. However, in some cases it takes longer. Don't forget to check your spam folder.</p> <p>If you haven't received the e-mail in 24 hours, please contact <a href="mailto:customerservices@ioppublishing.org">customerservices@ioppublishing.org</a></p> <label for="input-ajax-forgotten-email">Enter e-mail address</label> <input id="input-ajax-forgotten-email" type="email" name="user-email" required oninvalid="this.setCustomValidity('Please enter a valid e-mail address')" oninput="this.setCustomValidity('')"/> </div> <div class="popup__actions"> <input type="submit" value="Reset my password" class="btn btn--green" /> </div> </form> <div class="ajax__content forgot__message popup__row--active"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="popup popup-message autoclose "> <div class="popup__tabs"> <h4 class="popup__tab popup__tab--full">Registration complete</h4> <i class="fa fa-times-circle btn--close popup__close"></i> </div> <div class="popup__content ajax__container"> <div class="popup__row__content"> <p><strong>Thank you for registering with <em>Physics World</em></strong><br /> If you'd like to change your details at any time, please visit My account</p> </div> <div class="popup__actions"> <a class="btn btn--green" href="/">Close</a> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Overlay --> <div class="overlay "></div> <main class="site-window" id="main-content"> <div class="type-bar type-bar--noicon"> <h1 class="type-bar__heading"> podcasts </h1> </div> <div class="m39 wrapper"> <p>We have two regular podcast series.聽<a href="https://www.blubrry.com/physicsworldweeklypodcast/"><em>Physics World Weekly</em></a>聽looks at the latest events and headlines in physics, as well as featuring short interviews with scientists and our team of journalists.聽<a href="https://www.blubrry.com/physics_world_science_podcast/"><em>Physics World Stories</em></a>聽takes a more in-depth look at a topic that we feel warrants further coverage.</p> </div> <div class="wrapper m26"> <div class="section-breaks"> <h2 class="section-breaks__heading">Physics World podcasts</h2> </div> <div class="row"> <div class='col-md-8 col-sm-7'> <article class="article article--f"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/quantum-superstars-gather-in-paris-for-the-iyq-2025-opening-ceremony/" class="article__image object-fit-element"> <img width="732" height="412" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-732x412.jpg" class="attachment-featured-category-medium size-featured-category-medium wp-post-image" alt="13-2-25 IYQ Matin list" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-712x400.jpg 712w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-257x144.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/13-2-25-IYQ-Matin-list.jpg 1402w" sizes="(max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px" /> <span class="icon icon--audio"></span> </a> <div class="article__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category category--has-background-color"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/culture-history-society/" style="background: #ca991b;">Culture, history and society</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="background: #ca991b;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="article__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/quantum-superstars-gather-in-paris-for-the-iyq-2025-opening-ceremony/"> <span>Quantum superstars gather in Paris for the IYQ 2025 opening ceremony</span> </a> </h3> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-4 col-sm-5'> <article class="article article--c"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/how-the-changing-environment-affects-solar-panel-efficiency-the-indian-perspective/" class="article__image object-fit-element"> <img width="732" height="412" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-732x412.jpg" class="attachment-featured-category-medium size-featured-category-medium wp-post-image" alt="6-2-2024 Sushovan Ghosh list" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/6-2-2024-Sushovan-Ghosh-list.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px" /> <span class="icon icon--audio"></span> </a> <div class="article__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category category--has-background-color"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/environment-energy/" style="background: #83aa26;">Environment and energy</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="background: #83aa26;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="article__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/how-the-changing-environment-affects-solar-panel-efficiency-the-indian-perspective/"> <span>How the changing environment affects solar-panel efficiency: the Indian perspective</span> </a> </h3> <p>Climate scientist Sushovan Ghosh is our podcast guest</p> </div> </article> <article class="listing-block no-image"> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/people/" style="color: #764992;">People</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #764992;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/mark-thomson-looks-to-the-future-of-cern-and-particle-physics/" title="Mark Thomson looks to the future of CERN and particle physics"> <b>Mark Thomson looks to the future of CERN and particle physics</b> </a> </h3> <p>CERN鈥檚 next director-general is our podcast guest</p> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="banner-ad"> <span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-18' class="advert" > <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-18'); }); </script> </div></span></div> <div class="wrapper m2"> <!-- Section header --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-6"> <article class="article article--a"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/helgoland-leading-physicists-to-gather-on-the-tiny-island-where-quantum-mechanics-was-born/" class="article__image object-fit-element"> <img width="350" height="197" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-350x197.png" class="attachment-1-3-cols size-1-3-cols wp-post-image" alt="Helgoland with IYQ logo" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-350x197.png 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-211x119.png 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-1024x576.png 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-317x178.png 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-768x432.png 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-711x400.png 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-732x412.png 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-720x405.png 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-635x357.png 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-257x145.png 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-300x169.png 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-160x90.png 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a-128x72.png 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Helgoland-podcast-image-new-a.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /> <span class="icon icon--audio"></span> </a> <div class="article__info equalize-me" style="background: #764992"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category category--has-background-color"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/quantum/" style="background: #764992;">Quantum</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="background: #764992;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="article__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/helgoland-leading-physicists-to-gather-on-the-tiny-island-where-quantum-mechanics-was-born/"> <span>Helgoland: leading physicists to gather on the tiny island where quantum mechanics was born</span> </a> </h3> </div> </article> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-6"> <article class="article article--a"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/why-electrochemistry-lies-at-the-heart-of-modern-technology/" class="article__image object-fit-element"> <img width="350" height="197" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-350x197.jpg" class="attachment-1-3-cols size-1-3-cols wp-post-image" alt="Colm O'Dwyer" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/23-1-24-Colm-ODwyer-list.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /> <span class="icon icon--audio"></span> </a> <div class="article__info equalize-me" style="background: #1487c9"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category category--has-background-color"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/materials/" style="background: #1487c9;">Materials</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="background: #1487c9;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="article__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/why-electrochemistry-lies-at-the-heart-of-modern-technology/"> <span>Why electrochemistry lies at the heart of modern technology</span> </a> </h3> </div> </article> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-6"> <article class="article article--a"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/ceryx-medical-company-uses-bioelectronics-to-coordinate-the-heart-and-lungs/" class="article__image object-fit-element"> <img width="350" height="197" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-350x197.jpg" class="attachment-1-3-cols size-1-3-cols wp-post-image" alt="human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/human-heart-web-161898767-Shutterstock_ramcreations.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /> <span class="icon icon--audio"></span> </a> <div class="article__info equalize-me" style="background: #009589"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category category--has-background-color"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/biophysics-bioengineering/biomedical-devices/" style="background: #009589;">Biomedical devices</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="background: #009589;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="article__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/ceryx-medical-company-uses-bioelectronics-to-coordinate-the-heart-and-lungs/"> <span>Ceryx Medical: company uses bioelectronics to coordinate the heart and lungs</span> </a> </h3> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper m18b" data-root> <div class="row"> <div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/swift-quakes-and-new-podcast-music-inspired-by-the-fine-structure-constant/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Musical notes and the alpha symbol against blurred red and orange bokeh background" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PW-Stories-Music-Image_home.jpg 1130w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Swift quakes and new podcast music inspired by the fine-structure constant</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/culture-history-society/art-science/" style="color: #ca991b;">Art and science</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #ca991b;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/swift-quakes-and-new-podcast-music-inspired-by-the-fine-structure-constant/" title="Swift quakes and new podcast music inspired by the fine-structure constant"> <b>Swift quakes and new podcast music inspired by the fine-structure constant</b> </a> </h3> <p>Discover the geophysics of Taylor Swift concerts and the hidden physics within our new podcast jingle</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/3-body-problem-a-deep-dive-into-the-netflix-show/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Jess Hong as Jin Cheng in the Netflix series 3 Body Problem" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Three-Body-Problem-Image_home.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: 3 Body Problem: a deep dive into the Netflix show</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/culture-history-society/" style="color: #ca991b;">Culture, history and society</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #ca991b;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/3-body-problem-a-deep-dive-into-the-netflix-show/" title="3 Body Problem: a deep dive into the Netflix show"> <b>3 Body Problem: a deep dive into the Netflix show</b> </a> </h3> <p>Exploring the multi-layered story about humanity's first contact with an alien civilization </p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/dark-matter-vs-modified-gravity-which-team-are-you-on/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Composite image shows the distribution of dark matter, galaxies, and hot gas in the core of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 520" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dark-matter_home-128x72.jpg 128w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Dark matter vs modified gravity: which team are you on?</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/astronomy-space/cosmology/" style="color: #004f99;">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #004f99;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/dark-matter-vs-modified-gravity-which-team-are-you-on/" title="Dark matter vs modified gravity: which team are you on?"> <b>Dark matter vs modified gravity: which team are you on?</b> </a> </h3> <p>Two researchers who have switched sides in this heated cosmic debate</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/the-biographer-who-inspired-christopher-nolans-blockbuster-film-oppenheimer/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Portrait of biography author Kai Bird" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Kai-Bird.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: The biographer who inspired Christopher Nolan鈥檚 blockbuster film <em>Oppenheimer</em></span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/culture-history-society/" style="color: #ca991b;">Culture, history and society</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #ca991b;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/the-biographer-who-inspired-christopher-nolans-blockbuster-film-oppenheimer/" title="The biographer who inspired Christopher Nolan鈥檚 blockbuster film Oppenheimer"> <b>The biographer who inspired Christopher Nolan鈥檚 blockbuster film <em>Oppenheimer</em></b> </a> </h3> <p>A conversation with Kai Bird, co-author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning biography of Robert Oppenheimer</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/physics-for-fairness-tackling-global-sustainability-challenges-through-science/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="A light bulb with Earth decoration, planted in soil against a backdrop of blurred foliage" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Lighbulb-green-1400265864-iStock_pcess609_home-128x72.jpg 128w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Physics for fairness: tackling global sustainability challenges through science</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/culture-history-society/" style="color: #ca991b;">Culture, history and society</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #ca991b;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/physics-for-fairness-tackling-global-sustainability-challenges-through-science/" title="Physics for fairness: tackling global sustainability challenges through science"> <b>Physics for fairness: tackling global sustainability challenges through science</b> </a> </h3> <p>Hear from two physical scientists applying their knowledge to create a more equitable world</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/green-and-novel-the-future-of-energy-generation/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Visualisation of space-based solar power" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Space-Based_Solar_Power.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Green and novel: the future of energy generation</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/environment-energy/renewables/" style="color: #83aa26;">Renewables</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #83aa26;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/green-and-novel-the-future-of-energy-generation/" title="Green and novel: the future of energy generation"> <b>Green and novel: the future of energy generation</b> </a> </h3> <p>Harnessing energy directly in space and from the ocean flow</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper m18b" data-root> <div class="row"> <div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/humanitarian-engineering-can-improve-cancer-treatment-in-low-and-middle-income-countries/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-317x179.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-768x433.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-710x400.jpg 710w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-720x406.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-635x358.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Eric-Ford-Afua-Yorke-landscape.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Humanitarian engineering can improve cancer treatment in low- and middle-income countries</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/medical-physics/" style="color: #009589;">Medical physics</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #009589;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/humanitarian-engineering-can-improve-cancer-treatment-in-low-and-middle-income-countries/" title="Humanitarian engineering can improve cancer treatment in low- and middle-income countries"> <b>Humanitarian engineering can improve cancer treatment in low- and middle-income countries</b> </a> </h3> <p>The medical physicists Eric Ford and Afua Yorke are our podcast guests</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/international-year-of-quantum-science-and-technology-our-celebrations-begin-with-a-look-at-quantum-networks-and-sensors/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mete-Atature-list.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: International Year of Quantum Science and Technology: our celebrations begin with a look at quantum networks and sensors</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/quantum/" style="color: #764992;">Quantum</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #764992;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/international-year-of-quantum-science-and-technology-our-celebrations-begin-with-a-look-at-quantum-networks-and-sensors/" title="International Year of Quantum Science and Technology: our celebrations begin with a look at quantum networks and sensors"> <b>International Year of Quantum Science and Technology: our celebrations begin with a look at quantum networks and sensors</b> </a> </h3> <p>This podcast features quantum physicist Mete Atat眉re of the University of Cambridge</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/the-physics-of-ice-cream-food-scientist-douglas-goff-talks-about-this-remarkable-material/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/26-12-24-Douglas-Goff-list.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: The physics of ice cream: food scientist Douglas Goff talks about this remarkable material</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/condensed-matter/soft-matter-liquids/" style="color: #764992;">Soft matter and liquids</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #764992;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/the-physics-of-ice-cream-food-scientist-douglas-goff-talks-about-this-remarkable-material/" title="The physics of ice cream: food scientist Douglas Goff talks about this remarkable material"> <b>The physics of ice cream: food scientist Douglas Goff talks about this remarkable material</b> </a> </h3> <p>Our podcast guest is a leading expert on frozen desserts</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/mikhail-lukin-and-dolev-bluvstein-explain-how-they-used-trapped-atoms-to-create-48-logical-qubits/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-160x90.png" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Quantum error correction" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-160x90.png 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-211x119.png 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-1024x576.png 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-317x178.png 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-768x432.png 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-711x400.png 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-732x412.png 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-720x405.png 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-635x357.png 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-350x197.png 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-257x145.png 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-300x169.png 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction-128x72.png 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Quantum-error-correction.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Mikhail Lukin and Dolev Bluvstein explain how they used trapped atoms to create 48 logical qubits</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/quantum/quantum-computing/" style="color: #774e92;">Quantum computing</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #774e92;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/mikhail-lukin-and-dolev-bluvstein-explain-how-they-used-trapped-atoms-to-create-48-logical-qubits/" title="Mikhail Lukin and Dolev Bluvstein explain how they used trapped atoms to create 48 logical qubits"> <b>Mikhail Lukin and Dolev Bluvstein explain how they used trapped atoms to create 48 logical qubits</b> </a> </h3> <p>Meet two winners of the <em>Physics World</em> 2024 Breakthrough of the Year</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/hartmut-neven-talks-about-google-quantum-ais-breakthrough-in-quantum-error-correction/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/19-12-24-Hartmut-Neven-list.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Hartmut Neven talks about Google Quantum AI鈥檚 breakthrough in quantum error correction</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/quantum/quantum-computing/" style="color: #774e92;">Quantum computing</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #774e92;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/hartmut-neven-talks-about-google-quantum-ais-breakthrough-in-quantum-error-correction/" title="Hartmut Neven talks about Google Quantum AI鈥檚 breakthrough in quantum error correction"> <b>Hartmut Neven talks about Google Quantum AI鈥檚 breakthrough in quantum error correction</b> </a> </h3> <p>Meet a winner of the <em>Physics World</em> 2024 Breakthrough of the Year</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6 page-item' > <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/from-physics-to-filmmaking-mark-levinson-on-his-new-documentary-the-universe-in-a-grain-of-sand/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-160x90.png" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Abstract representation of coloured light, dust and physics equations" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-160x90.png 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-211x119.png 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-1024x576.png 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-317x178.png 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-768x432.png 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-1536x864.png 1536w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-2048x1152.png 2048w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-711x400.png 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-732x412.png 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-720x405.png 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-635x357.png 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-350x197.png 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-257x145.png 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-300x169.png 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Abstract-art-465396672-iStock_agsandrew-128x72.png 128w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: From physics to filmmaking: Mark Levinson on his new documentary, <em>The Universe in a Grain of Sand</em></span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/culture-history-society/art-science/" style="color: #ca991b;">Art and science</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #ca991b;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/from-physics-to-filmmaking-mark-levinson-on-his-new-documentary-the-universe-in-a-grain-of-sand/" title="From physics to filmmaking: Mark Levinson on his new documentary, The Universe in a Grain of Sand"> <b>From physics to filmmaking: Mark Levinson on his new documentary, <em>The Universe in a Grain of Sand</em></b> </a> </h3> <p>Towards a unified vision of nature, humans and machines</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'> </div> </div> <div class="banner-ad"> <span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-19' class="advert"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-19'); }); </script> </div></span></div> <div class="wrapper m18b" data-not="119790,119694,119538,119344,119365,119246,114639,114147,113054,111437,110623,109663,119111,118981,118937,118881,118897,118716" data-cat="" data-type="100" data-uid="67b3202c27be6"> <div class="section-breaks"> <h2 class="section-breaks__heading">Explore all our podcasts</h2> </div> <div class="m18b__container" data-id="67b3202c27be6"> <div class="row"> <div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/exploring-this-years-best-physics-research-in-our-top-10-breakthroughs-of-2024/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-ten-list.jpg 1778w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Exploring this year鈥檚 best physics research in our Top 10 Breakthroughs of 2024</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/culture-history-society/" style="color: #ca991b;">Culture, history and society</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #ca991b;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/exploring-this-years-best-physics-research-in-our-top-10-breakthroughs-of-2024/" title="Exploring this year鈥檚 best physics research in our Top 10 Breakthroughs of 2024"> <b>Exploring this year鈥檚 best physics research in our Top 10 Breakthroughs of 2024</b> </a> </h3> <p>Lively chat about antimatter, medical physics, quantum computing, lasers and more</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/how-the-uk-metamaterials-network-supports-scientific-and-commercial-innovation/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Claire and Alastair list" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5-12-24-Claire-and-Alastair-list.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: How the UK Metamaterials Network supports scientific and commercial innovation</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/materials/advanced-materials/" style="color: #0085c8;">Advanced materials</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #0085c8;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/how-the-uk-metamaterials-network-supports-scientific-and-commercial-innovation/" title="How the UK Metamaterials Network supports scientific and commercial innovation"> <b>How the UK Metamaterials Network supports scientific and commercial innovation</b> </a> </h3> <p>Network leads Alastair Hibbins and Claire Dancer are our podcast guests</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/astronomers-can-play-an-important-role-in-explaining-the-causes-and-consequences-of-climate-change-says-astrophysicist/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="28-11-2024 Travis Rector" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-257x144.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/28-11-2024-Travis-Rector.jpg 678w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Astronomers can play an important role in explaining the causes and consequences of climate change, says astrophysicist</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/environment-energy/climate/" style="color: #83aa26;">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #83aa26;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/astronomers-can-play-an-important-role-in-explaining-the-causes-and-consequences-of-climate-change-says-astrophysicist/" title="Astronomers can play an important role in explaining the causes and consequences of climate change, says astrophysicist"> <b>Astronomers can play an important role in explaining the causes and consequences of climate change, says astrophysicist</b> </a> </h3> <p>This podcast also looks at the connections between clouds and global warming</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/top-tips-for-physics-outreach-from-a-prize-winner-making-graphene-more-sustainable/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Joanne and Burcu" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-211x118.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-768x431.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-713x400.jpg 713w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-720x404.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-635x356.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-257x144.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-300x168.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Joanne-and-Burcu-list.jpg 1185w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Top tips for physics outreach from a prize winner, making graphene more sustainable</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/people/education-outreach/" style="color: #764992;">Education and outreach</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #764992;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/top-tips-for-physics-outreach-from-a-prize-winner-making-graphene-more-sustainable/" title="Top tips for physics outreach from a prize winner, making graphene more sustainable"> <b>Top tips for physics outreach from a prize winner, making graphene more sustainable</b> </a> </h3> <p>This podcast features an advanced-materials expert and a prizewinning science communicator</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/space-travel-the-health-effects-of-space-radiation-and-building-a-lunar-gps/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="artist's impression of a human settlement on Mars" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/14-11-2024-Mars-settlement-colony-1433158079-Shutterstock_Dotted-Yeti.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Space travel: the health effects of space radiation and building a lunar GPS</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/astronomy-space/" style="color: #004f99;">Astronomy and space</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #004f99;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/space-travel-the-health-effects-of-space-radiation-and-building-a-lunar-gps/" title="Space travel: the health effects of space radiation and building a lunar GPS"> <b>Space travel: the health effects of space radiation and building a lunar GPS</b> </a> </h3> <p>We chat to a radiation oncologist and two atomic-clock experts</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/trailblazer-astronaut-eileen-collins-reflects-on-space-adventure-and-the-power-of-lifelong-learning/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-160x90.png" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Eileen Collins attending a survival training course at Vance Air Force Base, Oklahoma" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-160x90.png 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-211x119.png 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-1024x576.png 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-317x178.png 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-768x432.png 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-1536x864.png 1536w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-711x400.png 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-732x412.png 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-720x405.png 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-635x357.png 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-350x197.png 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-257x145.png 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-300x169.png 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop-128x72.png 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Eileen_Collins_crop.png 1600w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Trailblazer: astronaut Eileen Collins reflects on space, adventure, and the power of lifelong learning</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/astronomy-space/" style="color: #004f99;">Astronomy and space</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #004f99;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/trailblazer-astronaut-eileen-collins-reflects-on-space-adventure-and-the-power-of-lifelong-learning/" title="Trailblazer: astronaut Eileen Collins reflects on space, adventure, and the power of lifelong learning"> <b>Trailblazer: astronaut Eileen Collins reflects on space, adventure, and the power of lifelong learning</b> </a> </h3> <p>Astronaut Eileen Collins and filmmaker Hannah Berryman discuss the new documentary <em>SPACEWOMAN</em> and the thrill of pushing human frontiers</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/how-to-boost-the-sustainability-of-solar-cells/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="7-11-2024 Oxford solar cell researchers list" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/7-11-2024-Oxford-solar-cell-researchers-list.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: How to boost the sustainability of solar cells</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/optics-photonics/solar-cells/" style="color: #774e92;">Solar cells</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #774e92;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/how-to-boost-the-sustainability-of-solar-cells/" title="How to boost the sustainability of solar cells"> <b>How to boost the sustainability of solar cells</b> </a> </h3> <p>Roadmap authors look to the future of photovoltaic technologies in this podcast</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/peter-hirst-mit-sloan-executive-education-develops-leadership-skills-in-stem-employees/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="135" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-135x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Woman looking at laptop surrounded by projections of graphs and numbers" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-135x90.jpg 135w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-211x141.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-317x211.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-768x512.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-600x400.jpg 600w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-618x412.jpg 618w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-615x410.jpg 615w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-635x423.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-296x197.jpg 296w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-257x171.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-300x200.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills-128x85.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/finance-and-stats-on-laptop-1148413487-iStock_Pinkypills.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 135px) 100vw, 135px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Peter Hirst: MIT Sloan Executive Education develops leadership skills in STEM employees</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/people/education-outreach/" style="color: #764992;">Education and outreach</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #764992;">Podcasts</a></li> <li><span style="color: #764992;">SPONSORED</span></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/peter-hirst-mit-sloan-executive-education-develops-leadership-skills-in-stem-employees/" title="Peter Hirst: MIT Sloan Executive Education develops leadership skills in STEM employees"> <b>Peter Hirst: MIT Sloan Executive Education develops leadership skills in STEM employees</b> </a> </h3> <p>This podcast is sponsored by MIT Sloan School of Management</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/julia-sutcliffe-chief-scientific-advisor-explains-why-policymaking-must-be-underpinned-by-evidence/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Julia Sutcliffe 1280 player" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Julia-Sutcliffe-1280-player.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Julia Sutcliffe: chief scientific adviser explains why policymaking must be underpinned by evidence</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/scientific-enterprise/" style="color: #cf2e2e;">Scientific enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #cf2e2e;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/julia-sutcliffe-chief-scientific-advisor-explains-why-policymaking-must-be-underpinned-by-evidence/" title="Julia Sutcliffe: chief scientific adviser explains why policymaking must be underpinned by evidence"> <b>Julia Sutcliffe: chief scientific adviser explains why policymaking must be underpinned by evidence</b> </a> </h3> <p>Exploring a career in physics, systems engineering and advising the UK's Department for Business and Trade</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/flocking-together-the-physics-of-sheep-herding-and-pedestrian-flows/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Aerial photo of a crowd of people in Frankfurt, Germany" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/crowd-Frankfurt-472237637-iStock-Meinzahn_crop.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Flocking together: the physics of sheep herding and pedestrian flows</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/mathematics-computation/modelling-simulation/" style="color: #ec660f;">Modelling and simulation</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #ec660f;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/flocking-together-the-physics-of-sheep-herding-and-pedestrian-flows/" title="Flocking together: the physics of sheep herding and pedestrian flows"> <b>Flocking together: the physics of sheep herding and pedestrian flows</b> </a> </h3> <p>Learn how the science of crowd movements can help shepherds and urban designers</p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/data-intensive-phds-at-liv-inno-prepare-students-for-careers-outside-of-academia/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="160" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-160x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="Andreea and Carsten new" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-160x90.jpg 160w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-211x119.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-317x178.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-768x432.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-711x400.jpg 711w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-732x412.jpg 732w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-720x405.jpg 720w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-635x357.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-350x197.jpg 350w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-257x145.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-300x169.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new-128x72.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Andreea-and-Carsten-new.jpg 1143w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Data-intensive PhDs at LIV.INNO prepare students for careers outside of academia</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/people/careers/" style="color: #764992;">Careers</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #764992;">Podcasts</a></li> <li><span style="color: #764992;">SPONSORED</span></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/data-intensive-phds-at-liv-inno-prepare-students-for-careers-outside-of-academia/" title="Data-intensive PhDs at LIV.INNO prepare students for careers outside of academia"> <b>Data-intensive PhDs at LIV.INNO prepare students for careers outside of academia</b> </a> </h3> <p>This podcast is sponsored by LIV.INNO, the Liverpool Centre for Doctoral Training for Innovation in Data-Intensive Science</p> </div> </article> </div><div class='col-md-6'> <article class="listing-block "> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/deep-connections-why-two-ai-pioneers-won-the-nobel-prize-for-physics/" class="listing-block__image object-fit-element"> <img width="140" height="90" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-140x90.jpg" class="attachment-list-image size-list-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-140x90.jpg 140w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-211x136.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-1024x660.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-317x204.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-768x495.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-620x400.jpg 620w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-639x412.jpg 639w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-636x410.jpg 636w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-635x410.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-305x197.jpg 305w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-257x166.jpg 257w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-300x194.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam-128x83.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/brain-computer-intelligence-concept-landscape-1027941874-Shutterstock_Jackie-Niam.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 140px) 100vw, 140px" /> <span class="sr-only">Read article: Deep connections: why two AI pioneers won the Nobel Prize for Physics</span> </a> <div class="listing-block__info"> <ul class="hero-top-banner__category"> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/c/mathematics-computation/artificial-intelligence/" style="color: #eb6608;">Artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="https://physicsworld.com/l/audio/" style="color: #eb6608;">Podcasts</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="listing-block__title"> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/a/deep-connections-why-two-ai-pioneers-won-the-nobel-prize-for-physics/" title="Deep connections: why two AI pioneers won the Nobel Prize for Physics"> <b>Deep connections: why two AI pioneers won the Nobel Prize for Physics</b> </a> </h3> <p>Our podcast guest is Anil Ananthaswamy, author of <em>Why Machines Learn</em></p> </div> </article> </div></div><div class='row'> <nav class="pagination col-sm-12"> <ul class="pagination-list"> <li class="active"> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="1">1</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="2">2</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="3">3</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="4">4</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="5">5</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="6">6</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="7">7</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="8">8</a> </li> <li> <span>...</span> </li> <li class="next"> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="2">Next</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="#" data-ajax="m18b-more" data-dest=".m18b__container[data-id='67b3202c27be6']" ajax-page="39">Last</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class='m21b wrapper'> <div class='row'> <div class="corporate-partners col-md-12"> <ul> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-2'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-2'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-3'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-3'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-4'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-4'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-5'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-5'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-6'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-6'); }); </script> </div> </span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-7'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-7'); }); </script> </div></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper m08b"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6"> <div class="section-breaks"> <h2 class="section-breaks__heading">Related jobs</h2> </div> <div class="bright-recruits"> <ul class='bright-recruits__jobs'> <li class="bright-recruits__item"> <a href="https://www.physicsworldjobs.com/job/20204/msc-courses-in-nuclear-science-and-technology/?trackid=9&utm_source=RestAPI&utm_medium=Referral" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-id="20204" > <span class="bright-recruits__location"> United Kingdom | The Nuclear Technology Education Consortium (NTEC) </span> <h4 class="bright-recruits__title">MSc Courses in Nuclear Science and Technology</h4> </a> </li> <li class="bright-recruits__item"> <a href="https://www.physicsworldjobs.com/job/20563/postdoctoral-research-associate-materials-theory/?trackid=9&utm_source=RestAPI&utm_medium=Referral" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-id="20563" > <span class="bright-recruits__location"> United States | Oak Ridge National Laboratory </span> <h4 class="bright-recruits__title">Postdoctoral Research Associate - Materials Theory</h4> </a> </li> <li class="bright-recruits__item"> <a href="https://www.physicsworldjobs.com/job/20551/professor-of-accelerator-physics/?trackid=9&utm_source=RestAPI&utm_medium=Referral" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-id="20551" > <span class="bright-recruits__location"> Switzerland | ETH Z眉rich </span> <h4 class="bright-recruits__title">Professor of Accelerator Physics</h4> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class='col-xs-6'> <div class="section-breaks"> <h2 class="section-breaks__heading">Related events</h2> </div> <div class="bright-recruits"> <ul class='bright-recruits__jobs'> <li class="bright-recruits__item"> <span class="bright-recruits__location">Medical physics | Workshop</php></span> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/event/ismrm-workshop-on-40-years-of-diffusion-past-present-future-perspectives/" class="bright-recruits__title related-title"> ISMRM Workshop on 40 Years of Diffusion: Past, Present & Future Perspectives </a> <span class="bright-recruits__date">16—20 February 2025 | Kyoto, Japan</span> </li> <li class="bright-recruits__item"> <span class="bright-recruits__location">Medical physics | Workshop</php></span> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/event/matrad-user-meeting-hackathon-2025/" class="bright-recruits__title related-title"> matRad User Meeting & Hackathon 2025 </a> <span class="bright-recruits__date">17—21 February 2025 | Heidelberg, Germany</span> </li> <li class="bright-recruits__item"> <span class="bright-recruits__location">Optics and photonics | Meeting</php></span> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/event/spie-advanced-lithography-patterning-2025/" class="bright-recruits__title related-title"> SPIE Advanced Lithography + Patterning 2025 </a> <span class="bright-recruits__date">23—27 February 2025 | San Jose, US</span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='m21 wrapper'> <div class='row'> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="corporate-partners col-md-12"> <ul> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-12'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-12'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-13'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-13'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-14'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-14'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-15'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-15'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-1563269243507-0' > <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1563269243507-0'); }); </script> </div></span></li> <li><span class="mpu align-none" aria-hidden="true"><div id='div-gpt-ad-3759129-17' > <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-3759129-17'); }); </script> </div></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="printer-only push-me">Copyright © 2025 by IOP Publishing Ltd and individual contributors</div> </main> <footer class="footer hide-for-printer"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="row"> <div class="footer__container"> <div class="pw__info footer__grid-col--1"> <img src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/themes/iopp/src/svg/pw-logo-white-red-text.svg" alt="Physics World logo" width="228px" height="42px"> <ul class="footer__social"> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/physicsworld/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" alt="Follow us on Facebook"> <i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">Follow us on Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/PhysicsWorld" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" alt="Follow us on X"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" text-rendering="geometricPrecision" image-rendering="optimizeQuality" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" viewBox="0 0 512 462.799"><path fill-rule="nonzero" fill="currentColor" d="M403.229 0h78.506L310.219 196.04 512 462.799H354.002L230.261 301.007 88.669 462.799h-78.56l183.455-209.683L0 0h161.999l111.856 147.88L403.229 0zm-27.556 415.805h43.505L138.363 44.527h-46.68l283.99 371.278z"/></svg> <span class="sr-only">Follow us on X</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/physics-world" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" alt="Follow us on LinkedIn"> <i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">Follow us on LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/PhysicsWorldTV" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" alt="Watch us on Youtube"> <i class="fa fa-youtube-play" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">Watch us on Youtube</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/feed" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" alt="RSS Feed"> <i class="fa fa-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="sr-only">RSS Feed</span> </a> </li> </ul> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/account/sign-in/" class="btn btn--sign-in">Sign in</a> <a href="https://physicsworld.com/account/register/" class="btn">Register</a> </div> <div class="col__border-top footer__grid-col--2"> <h4 class="footer__heading">Our mission</h4> <p><i>Physics World</i> represents a key part of IOP Publishing’s mission to communicate world-class research and innovation to the widest possible audience. The website forms part of the <a href="https://physicsworld.com/p/our-portfolio/"><i>Physics World</i> portfolio</a>, a collection of online, digital and print information services for the global scientific community.</p> <div class="footer__podcasts"> <h4 class="footer__heading">Podcasts</h4> <a href="https://blubrry.com/physicsworldweeklypodcast/" class="footer__podcast" target="_blank" > <img width="150" height="150" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1.jpg" class="attachment-profile_150 size-profile_150" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1.jpg 1500w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-317x317.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-211x211.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-400x400.jpg 400w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-410x410.jpg 410w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-635x635.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-197x197.jpg 197w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-250x250.jpg 250w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-90x90.jpg 90w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-193x193.jpg 193w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-128x128.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-196x196.jpg 196w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/PW-Podcast-WEEKLY-comp-1-412x412.jpg 412w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /> <div class="podcast-details"> <h4>Physics World Weekly</h4> </div> </a> <a href="https://blubrry.com/physics_world_science_podcast/" class="footer__podcast" target="_blank" > <img width="150" height="150" src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-profile_150 size-profile_150" alt="Physics World Stories podcast logo" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-150x150.jpg 150w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-211x211.jpg 211w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-317x317.jpg 317w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-768x768.jpg 768w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-400x400.jpg 400w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-410x410.jpg 410w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-635x635.jpg 635w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-197x197.jpg 197w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-250x250.jpg 250w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-90x90.jpg 90w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-193x193.jpg 193w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-128x128.jpg 128w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-196x196.jpg 196w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-412x412.jpg 412w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-24x24.jpg 24w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-48x48.jpg 48w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-96x96.jpg 96w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized-300x300.jpg 300w, https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/PW-podcast-logo-STORIES-resized.jpg 2000w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /> <div class="podcast-details"> <h4>Physics World Stories</h4> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col__border-top footer__grid-col--3"> <h4 class="footer__heading">Explore</h4> <div class="menu-footer-1-container"><ul id="menu-footer-1" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-65637" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-65637"><a href="https://physicsworld.com/p/about-us/">About us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-65638" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-65638"><a href="https://physicsworld.com/p/our-team/">Our team</a></li> <li id="menu-item-65639" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-65639"><a href="https://physicsworld.com/p/our-portfolio/">Our portfolio</a></li> <li id="menu-item-65640" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-65640"><a href="https://physicsworld.com/p/advertising/">Advertising</a></li> <li id="menu-item-119712" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-119712"><a href="https://physicsworld.com/p/our-artificial-intelligence-policy/">Our AI policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-67467" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-67467"><a href="https://physicsworld.com/p/contact-us/">Contact us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-67496" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-67496"><a rel="noreferrer" href="mailto:pwld@ioppublishing.org">Feedback</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="col__border-top footer__grid-col--4"> <h4 class="footer__heading">More information</h4> <div class="menu-footer-2-container"><ul id="menu-footer-2" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-65641" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-65641"><a rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.iop.org/">Institute of Physics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-67295" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-67295"><a rel="noreferrer" href="https://membership.iop.org/">Join the Institute</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66155" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66155"><a rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.iop.org/slavery-and-human-trafficking-statement-financial-year-ending-31-december-2020">Modern Slavery Act</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66151" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66151"><a rel="noreferrer" href="https://physicsworld.com/p/cookies-privacy-policy/">Privacy and cookies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-65642" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-65642"><a rel="noreferrer" href="http://ioppublishing.org/">IOP Publishing</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66154" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66154"><a rel="noreferrer" href="http://ioppublishing.org/copyright/">Copyright</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66153" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66153"><a rel="noreferrer" href="http://ioppublishing.org/legal-statements/terms-conditions/">Terms and conditions</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66152" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66152"><a rel="noreferrer" href="http://ioppublishing.org/legal-statements/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="back-to-top">Back to top</button> </footer> <script id="js-onesignal-ga"> "use strict"; window.OneSignal = window.OneSignal || []; // In some browsers the console might be undefined const log = function (message) { console && console.log(message); }; const callback = function (payload) { log("OneSignal notification opened!"); OneSignal.getUserId(function (user_id) { ga("send", { hitType: "event", eventCategory: 'OSNotification', eventAction: 'u_id ' + user_id, eventLabel: 'n_id ' + payload.id }); }); // Allow future opens to also trigger the callback OneSignal.addListenerForNotificationOpened(callback); }; // Defer function until OneSignal has finished loading OneSignal.push(function () { log("OneSignal loaded!"); // Listen for notification opened OneSignal.addListenerForNotificationOpened(callback); }); </script> <script src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/plugins/leaky-paywall/js/micromodal.min.js?ver=4.21.6" id="zeen101_micromodal-js"></script> <script id="leaky_paywall_validate-js-extra"> var leaky_paywall_validate_ajax = {"ajaxurl":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","register_nonce":"e2475808b7","password_text":"Passwords do not match."}; </script> <script src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/plugins/leaky-paywall/js/leaky-paywall-validate.js?ver=4.21.6" id="leaky_paywall_validate-js"></script> <script id="leaky_paywall_script-js-extra"> var leaky_paywall_script_ajax = {"ajaxurl":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","stripe_pk":""}; </script> <script src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/plugins/leaky-paywall/js/script.js?ver=4.21.6" id="leaky_paywall_script-js"></script> <script id="nine3-script-js-extra"> var nine3 = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"c910b3d0b5","marker":"https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/wp-content\/themes\/iopp\/images\/marker.png","debug":""}; </script> <script src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/themes/iopp/dist/js/main.1dd973aef0d22fbbf91176416427f8f8.js?ver=6.7.1" id="nine3-script-js"></script> <script src="https://physicsworld.com/wp-content/themes/iopp/static/js/sticky.min.js?ver=1645453936640" id="stickykit-js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/mathjax/MathJax@2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=MML_CHTML&ver=1645453936640" id="mathjax-js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.onesignal.com/sdks/OneSignalSDK.js?ver=1.0.0" id="remote_sdk-js" async data-wp-strategy="async"></script> </body> </html>