CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html>      <html class="no-js" lang="en-US">  <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=9; IE=8; IE=7; IE=EDGE"/> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://seedsavers.net/xmlrpc.php">  <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/ico/favicon.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/ico/apple-touch-icon-57-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/ico/apple-touch-icon-72-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/ico/apple-touch-icon-114-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/ico/apple-touch-icon-144-precomposed.png">    <title>Nourishing Peasant Food – Seed Savers Foundation</title> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s.w.org' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Seed Savers Foundation » Feed" href="https://seedsavers.net/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Seed Savers Foundation » Comments Feed" href="https://seedsavers.net/comments/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.1.0\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.1.0\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=5.8.10"}}; !function(e,a,t){var n,r,o,i=a.createElement("canvas"),p=i.getContext&&i.getContext("2d");function s(e,t){var a=String.fromCharCode;p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,e),0,0);e=i.toDataURL();return p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,t),0,0),e===i.toDataURL()}function c(e){var t=a.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=t.type="text/javascript",a.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(t)}for(o=Array("flag","emoji"),t.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},r=0;r<o.length;r++)t.supports[o[r]]=function(e){if(!p||!p.fillText)return!1;switch(p.textBaseline="top",p.font="600 32px Arial",e){case"flag":return s([127987,65039,8205,9895,65039],[127987,65039,8203,9895,65039])?!1:!s([55356,56826,55356,56819],[55356,56826,8203,55356,56819])&&!s([55356,57332,56128,56423,56128,56418,56128,56421,56128,56430,56128,56423,56128,56447],[55356,57332,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56418,8203,56128,56421,8203,56128,56430,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56447]);case"emoji":return!s([10084,65039,8205,55357,56613],[10084,65039,8203,55357,56613])}return!1}(o[r]),t.supports.everything=t.supports.everything&&t.supports[o[r]],"flag"!==o[r]&&(t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&t.supports[o[r]]);t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!t.supports.flag,t.DOMReady=!1,t.readyCallback=function(){t.DOMReady=!0},t.supports.everything||(n=function(){t.readyCallback()},a.addEventListener?(a.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",n,!1),e.addEventListener("load",n,!1)):(e.attachEvent("onload",n),a.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===a.readyState&&t.readyCallback()})),(n=t.source||{}).concatemoji?c(n.concatemoji):n.wpemoji&&n.twemoji&&(c(n.twemoji),c(n.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style type="text/css"> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 .07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=5.8.10' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-blocks-vendors-style-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/packages/woocommerce-blocks/build/wc-blocks-vendors-style.css?ver=6.3.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-blocks-style-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/packages/woocommerce-blocks/build/wc-blocks-style.css?ver=6.3.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='rs-plugin-settings-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/css/rs6.css?ver=6.0.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='rs-plugin-settings-inline-css' type='text/css'> #rs-demo-id {} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='social-board-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/social-board/public/css/styles.min.css?ver=3.2.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='woo-shipping-display-mode-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woo-shipping-display-mode/public/css/woo-shipping-display-mode-public.css?ver=1.0.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='woocommerce-inline-inline-css' type='text/css'> .woocommerce form .form-row .required { visibility: visible; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bootstrap-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/css/bootstrap.min.css?ver=4.9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kleo-app-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/css/app.min.css?ver=4.9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='magnific-popup-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/js/plugins/magnific-popup/magnific.css?ver=4.9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kleo-fonts-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/css/fontello.css?ver=4.9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.16' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kleo-google-fonts-css' href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto+Condensed%3A300%7COpen+Sans%3A400&ver=5.8.10' type='text/css' media='all' />  <link rel='stylesheet' id='js_composer_front-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/css/js_composer.min.css?ver=6.0.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kleo-woocommerce-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/woocommerce/assets/css/woocommerce.min.css?ver=4.9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kleo-colors-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/custom_styles/dynamic.css?ver=4.9.9.1677555014' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kleo-plugins-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/css/plugins.min.css?ver=4.9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kleo-style-css' href='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo-child/style.css?ver=4.9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.6.0' id='jquery-core-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.3.2' id='jquery-migrate-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/revolution.tools.min.js?ver=6.0' id='tp-tools-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/rs6.min.js?ver=6.0.5' id='revmin-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woo-shipping-display-mode/public/js/woo-shipping-display-mode-public.js?ver=1.0.0' id='woo-shipping-display-mode-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/jquery-blockui/jquery.blockUI.min.js?ver=2.7.0-wc.6.0.1' id='jquery-blockui-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' id='wc-add-to-cart-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wc_add_to_cart_params = {"ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%","i18n_view_cart":"View cart","cart_url":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/shop\/cart\/","is_cart":"","cart_redirect_after_add":"yes"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/add-to-cart.min.js?ver=6.0.1' id='wc-add-to-cart-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/js/vendors/woocommerce-add-to-cart.js?ver=6.0.3' id='vc_woocommerce-add-to-cart-js-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/js/modernizr.custom.46504.js?ver=4.9.9' id='modernizr-js'></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/1400" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://seedsavers.net/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel="wlwmanifest" type="application/wlwmanifest+xml" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/wlwmanifest.xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 5.8.10" /> <meta name="generator" content="WooCommerce 6.0.1" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://seedsavers.net/why-save-seeds/peasant-food-web/" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://seedsavers.net/?p=1400' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fseedsavers.net%2Fwhy-save-seeds%2Fpeasant-food-web%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fseedsavers.net%2Fwhy-save-seeds%2Fpeasant-food-web%2F&format=xml" />  <style type="text/css"> .custom-read-more .custom-read-more-content { display: none; } .custom-read-more .custom-read-more-toggle { display: inline-block; margin-top: 10px; color: #0073aa; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; } .custom-read-more .custom-read-more-toggle:hover { text-decoration: underline; } </style>  <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <script type="text/javascript"> /* prevent dom flickering for elements hidden with js */ "use strict"; document.documentElement.className += ' js-active '; document.documentElement.className += 'ontouchstart' in document.documentElement ? ' kleo-mobile ' : ' kleo-desktop '; var prefix = ['-webkit-', '-o-', '-moz-', '-ms-', ""]; for (var i in prefix) { if (prefix[i] + 'transform' in document.documentElement.style) document.documentElement.className += " kleo-transform "; } </script> <noscript><style>.woocommerce-product-gallery{ opacity: 1 !important; }</style></noscript> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by Slider Revolution 6.0.5 - responsive, Mobile-Friendly Slider Plugin for WordPress with comfortable drag and drop interface." /> <style> .widget_tag_cloud a { font-size: small !important; }li#menu-item-4593 { padding-bottom: 8px; padding-top: 8px; } @media screen and (max-width: 400px) { img#logo_img { max-width: 250px !important; } @media screen and (min-width: 401px) and (max-width: 720px) { img#logo_img { max-width: 250px !important; } @media screen and (min-width: 721px) and (max-width: 1280px) { img#logo_img { max-width: 250px !important; } @media screen and (min-width: 1281px) and (max-width: 1440px) { img#logo_img { max-width: 250px !important; } @media screen and (min-width: 1441px) and (max-width: 1920px) { img#logo_img { max-width: 250px !important; } @media screen and (min-width: 1921px) { img#logo_img { max-width: 250px !important; } </style> <script type="text/javascript">function setREVStartSize(a){try{var b,c=document.getElementById(a.c).parentNode.offsetWidth;if(c=0===c||isNaN(c)?window.innerWidth:c,a.tabw=void 0===a.tabw?0:parseInt(a.tabw),a.thumbw=void 0===a.thumbw?0:parseInt(a.thumbw),a.tabh=void 0===a.tabh?0:parseInt(a.tabh),a.thumbh=void 0===a.thumbh?0:parseInt(a.thumbh),a.tabhide=void 0===a.tabhide?0:parseInt(a.tabhide),a.thumbhide=void 0===a.thumbhide?0:parseInt(a.thumbhide),a.mh=void 0===a.mh||""==a.mh?0:a.mh,"fullscreen"===a.layout||"fullscreen"===a.l)b=Math.max(a.mh,window.innerHeight);else{for(var d in a.gw=Array.isArray(a.gw)?a.gw:[a.gw],a.rl)(void 0===a.gw[d]||0===a.gw[d])&&(a.gw[d]=a.gw[d-1]);for(var d in a.gh=void 0===a.el||""===a.el||Array.isArray(a.el)&&0==a.el.length?a.gh:a.el,a.gh=Array.isArray(a.gh)?a.gh:[a.gh],a.rl)(void 0===a.gh[d]||0===a.gh[d])&&(a.gh[d]=a.gh[d-1]);var e,f=Array(a.rl.length),g=0;for(var d in a.tabw=a.tabhide>=c?0:a.tabw,a.thumbw=a.thumbhide>=c?0:a.thumbw,a.tabh=a.tabhide>=c?0:a.tabh,a.thumbh=a.thumbhide>=c?0:a.thumbh,a.rl)f[d]=a.rl[d]<window.innerWidth?0:a.rl[d];for(var d in e=f[0],f)e>f[d]&&0<f[d]&&(e=f[d],g=d);var h=c>a.gw[g]+a.tabw+a.thumbw?1:(c-(a.tabw+a.thumbw))/a.gw[g];b=a.gh[g]*h+(a.tabh+a.thumbh)}void 0===window.rs_init_css&&(window.rs_init_css=document.head.appendChild(document.createElement("style"))),document.getElementById(a.c).height=b,window.rs_init_css.innerHTML+="#"+a.c+"_wrapper { height: "+b+"px }"}catch(a){console.log("Failure at Presize of Slider:"+a)}};</script> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> .kleo-main-header .btn { padding: 14px 10px; } button.single_add_to_cart_button.button.alt { width: 200px; font-size: 20px; padding: 4px; } .product_meta { display: none !important; } .panel-heading { display: none; } .woocommerce-shipping-destination { display: none; } select.orderby { display: none; } .woocommerce-result-count { display: none; } a.reset_variations { display: none !important; } .woocommerce-variation-price { padding-top: 20px !important; padding-bottom: 20px !important; } h1.product_title.entry-title { font-size: 35px !important; padding-bottom: 30px !important; } .posted_in { display: none; } th.product-quantity { display: none; } td.product-quantity { display: none; } th.product-subtotal { display: none; } td.product-subtotal { display: none; } .woo_discount_rules_variant_table { display: none; } @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) { img#logo_img { width: 200px !important; } } </style> <noscript><style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript></head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-1400 page-child parent-pageid-267 theme-kleo woocommerce-no-js offcanvas-left offcanvas-type-default kleo-navbar-fixed navbar-resize navbar-full-width header-two-rows footer-bottom wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-6.0.3 vc_responsive"> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script async defer crossorigin="anonymous" src="https://connect.facebook.net/en_GB/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v3.3"></script>   <div class="kleo-page">  <div id="header" class="header-color"> <div class="navbar" role="navigation">   <div class="social-header header-color"> <div class="container"> <div class="top-bar"> <div id="top-social" class="col-xs-12 col-sm-5 no-padd"> <ul class="kleo-social-icons"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/seedsavers?lang=en"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><div class="ts-text">Twitter</div></a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/seedsaversnetwork/"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><div class="ts-text">Facebook</div></a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/seedsavers/featured"><i class="icon-youtube"></i><div class="ts-text">Youtube</div></a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/seedsaversnetwork/"><i class="icon-instagramm"></i><div class="ts-text">Instagram</div></a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="kleo-main-header header-centered"> <div class="container">  <div class="navbar-header"> <div class="kleo-mobile-switch"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle open-sidebar"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> </div> <div class="kleo-mobile-icons"> </div> <strong class="logo"> <a href="https://seedsavers.net"> <img id="logo_img" title="Seed Savers Foundation" src="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Seed-Savers-Logo-LSL-bold-e1677554988295.jpg" alt="Seed Savers Foundation"> </a> </strong> </div> <div class="menus-wrap">  <div class="primary-menu collapse navbar-collapse nav-collapse"><ul id="menu-dev-menu" class="nav navbar-nav"><li id="menu-item-4777" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-4777 dropdown mega-7-cols"><a title="About Seed Savers" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/" class="js-activated">About Seed Savers <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul role="menu" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu pull-left"> <li id="menu-item-4555" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4555"><a title="Aims" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/aims/">Aims</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4552" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4552"><a title="Our Permaculture Roots" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/our-permaculture-roots/">Our Permaculture Roots</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4553" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4553"><a title="Our People" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/our-people/">Our People</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4556" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4556"><a title="Our Australian Achievements" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/our-australian-achievements/">Our Australian Achievements</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4554" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4554"><a title="Our Global Reach: Where the action takes us" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/our-global-reach/">Our Global Reach: Where the action takes us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4567" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4567"><a title="Seed Solidarity Tours" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/solidarity-tours/">Seed Solidarity Tours</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4568" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4568"><a title="Seed Saving in Schools" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/seed-saving-in-schools/">Seed Saving in Schools</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-4569" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current-page-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-4569 dropdown mega-4-cols"><a title="Why Save Seeds" href="https://seedsavers.net/why-save-seeds/" class="js-activated">Why Save Seeds <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul role="menu" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu pull-left"> <li id="menu-item-4560" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4560"><a title="Learn to save seeds: it’s a winner!" href="https://seedsavers.net/why-save-seeds/benefits-of-seed-saving/">Learn to save seeds: it’s a winner!</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4564" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4564"><a title="Nutrition from Biodiversity: Dense Food" href="https://seedsavers.net/why-save-seeds/nutrition-from-biodiversity-2/">Nutrition from Biodiversity: Dense Food</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4558" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-1400 current_page_item menu-item-4558 active"><a title="Peasant Food Web Feeds the World's Poor" href="https://seedsavers.net/why-save-seeds/peasant-food-web/">Peasant Food Web Feeds the World’s Poor</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4559" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4559"><a title="The Industrial Food Chain starts with Monsanto seeds" href="https://seedsavers.net/why-save-seeds/industrial-food-chain/">The Industrial Food Chain starts with Monsanto seeds</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-4565" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-4565 dropdown mega-2-cols"><a title="Local Seed Networks" href="https://seedsavers.net/local-seed-networks/" class="js-activated">Local Seed Networks <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul role="menu" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu pull-left"> <li id="menu-item-5073" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5073"><a title="Local Seed Network List" target="_blank" href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Y4PSqjUYHnDhPVAmbv1vM55uLc87-1GKayO4Y06dymM/edit#gid=686720623"><i class="icon-list-numbered"></i> Local Seed Network List</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5074" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5074"><a title="Local Seed Networks Map" target="_blank" href="https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=10R7f6JdihqF-saZJzjtx_gtNUe0J6Jg8&ll=-25.012012487189132%2C133.99483036951665&z=5"><i class="icon-location"></i> Local Seed Networks Map</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-4571" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-4571 dropdown mega-6-cols"><a title="Tools & Resources" href="https://seedsavers.net/tools-resources/" class="js-activated">Tools & Resources <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul role="menu" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu pull-left"> <li id="menu-item-4557" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4557"><a title="The Seed Savers' Handbook" href="https://seedsavers.net/tools-resources/the-seed-savers-handbook/">The Seed Savers’ Handbook</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4561" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4561"><a title="Our Seeds Documentary" href="https://seedsavers.net/tools-resources/our-seeds/">Our Seeds Documentary</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4577" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4577"><a title="Our Roots Documentary" href="https://seedsavers.net/tools-resources/our-roots-film-documentary/">Our Roots Documentary</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4562" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4562"><a title="Seed to Seed Food Gardens in Schools" href="https://seedsavers.net/tools-resources/seed-to-seed-food-gardens-in-schools/">Seed to Seed Food Gardens in Schools</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4575" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4575"><a title="Local Seed Network Manual" href="https://seedsavers.net/tools-resources/local-seed-network-manual/">Local Seed Network Manual</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5010"><a title="Producing Quality Seeds Video Series" target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/seedsavers/playlists?view=50&sort=dd&shelf_id=1">Producing Quality Seeds Video Series</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-4981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-4981 dropdown mega-7-cols"><a title="Media" class="js-activated">Media <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul role="menu" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu pull-left"> <li id="menu-item-4572" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4572"><a title="Our most popular short video clips" href="https://seedsavers.net/tools-resources/best-videos-channel/"><i class="icon-leaf"></i> Our most popular short video clips</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4969" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4969"><a title="Seed Saves Youtube Channel" target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/seedsavers/featured"><i class="icon-youtube"></i> Seed Saves Youtube Channel</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4978" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4978"><a title="Seed Savers Instagram" target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/seedsaversnetwork/"><i class="icon-instagramm"></i> Seed Savers Instagram</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4979" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4979"><a title="Seed Savers Facebook" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/seedsaversnetwork/"><i class="icon-facebook-squared"></i> Seed Savers Facebook</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4980"><a title="Seed Savers Twitter" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/seedsavers?lang=en"><i class="icon-twitter-squared"></i> Seed Savers Twitter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4563" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4563"><a title="Seed Blog & Archives" href="https://seedsavers.net/seed-blog/"><i class="icon-doc-text"></i> Seed Blog & Archives</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4931"><a title="Wikipedia" target="_blank" href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Seed_Savers%27_Network"><i class="icon-list-alt"></i> Wikipedia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-4573" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4573"><a title="Contact" href="https://seedsavers.net/contact-seed-savers-foundation/">Contact</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4593" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-product menu-item-4593"><a title="Seed Savers Handbook + DVD $39" href="https://seedsavers.net/resource/seed-savers-handbook-our-seeds/" class=" btn btn-highlight">Seed Savers Handbook + DVD $39</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5016" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5016 has-btn-see-through"><a title="Seed Savers Shop" href="https://seedsavers.net/shop/" class=" btn btn-see-through"><i class="icon-leaf"></i> Seed Savers Shop</a></li> <li class="menu-item kleo-toggle-menu shop-drop"><a class="cart-contents js-activated" href="https://seedsavers.net/shop/cart/" title="View Cart"><span class="cart-items"><i class="icon icon-basket-full-alt"></i> </span> <span class="caret"></span></a><ul class="kleo-toggle-submenu"><li><div class="kleo-minicart"><div class="minicart-header">Your shopping bag is empty.</div><div class="minicart-buttons"><a class="btn btn-default kleo-go-shop" href="https://seedsavers.net/shop/"><span class="text">Go to the shop</span></a></div></div></li></ul></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="main"> <section class='container-wrap main-title alternate-color border-bottom breadcrumbs-container'><div class='container'><h1 class="page-title">Nourishing Peasant Food</h1><div class='breadcrumb-extra'> <div class="kleo_framework breadcrumb" xmlns:v="http://rdf.data-vocabulary.org/#"><span typeof="v:Breadcrumb"><a rel="v:url" property="v:title" href="https://seedsavers.net" title="Seed Savers Foundation" >Home</a></span> <span class="sep"> </span> <span typeof="v:Breadcrumb"><a rel="v:url" property="v:title" href="https://seedsavers.net/why-save-seeds/" title="Why Save Seeds">Why Save Seeds</a></span> <span class="sep"> </span> <span class="active">Nourishing Peasant Food</span> </div></div></div></section> <section class="container-wrap main-color"> <div id="main-container" class="container-full"> <div class="template-page col-sm-12 tpl-no"> <div class="wrap-content">  <article id="post-1400" class="clearfix post-1400 page type-page status-publish category-why-save-seeds"> <div class="article-content"> <section class="container-wrap main-color " style="padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:40px" ><div class="section-container container"><div class="vc_row vc_row-fluid row"><div class="wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12"><div class="vc_column-inner "><div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="kleo_text_column wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h4>The peasant food web is the best way of describing how <span style="text-decoration: underline;">most</span> of the world’s food is grown.</h4> <div id="attachment_1802" style="width: 310px" class="wp-caption alignright"><a href="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Amaranth-is-a-favourite-spinach-in-India.-Women-alway-are-the-guardians-of-all-their-kitchen-garden-seeds.-.jpg"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1802" loading="lazy" class="wp-image-1802 size-medium" src="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Amaranth-is-a-favourite-spinach-in-India.-Women-alway-are-the-guardians-of-all-their-kitchen-garden-seeds.--300x200.jpg" alt="Tribal women in Karnataka are the guardians of seeds like these amaranth and okra." width="300" height="200" srcset="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Amaranth-is-a-favourite-spinach-in-India.-Women-alway-are-the-guardians-of-all-their-kitchen-garden-seeds.--300x200.jpg 300w, https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Amaranth-is-a-favourite-spinach-in-India.-Women-alway-are-the-guardians-of-all-their-kitchen-garden-seeds.--600x400.jpg 600w, https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Amaranth-is-a-favourite-spinach-in-India.-Women-alway-are-the-guardians-of-all-their-kitchen-garden-seeds.-.jpg 960w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a><p id="caption-attachment-1802" class="wp-caption-text">Tribal women in Karnataka are the guardians of seeds like these amaranth and okra.</p></div> <p>It is better construed of as a web rather than a chain because of the interdependence and proximity of the wild and the cultivated, the animals and the plants, the producer and the consumer. Peasants allow plenty of land for wilderness and see themselves as its guardians. It has been said that a healthy agriculture needs at least ten times more wild area than cultivated. Peasants conserve traditional varieties of crops and breeds of domesticated animals. Peasants are usually consummate hunters, fishers and gatherers of wild culinary and medicinal plants.<br /> Small land holders and urban gardeners produce nutrient-dense food that is eaten fresh, includes wild harvested plants and animals and is auto-consumed or eaten in the same eco-region or country, meaning low food miles. They are often poorly literate people unnoticed by government statisticians who recognise food only when it is sold on large markets. However the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN estimates that 85% of the world’s food is grown in this manner.</p> <h4>This is in sharp contrast to the <a title="The Industrial Food Chain" href="https://seedsavers.net/?page_id=1398">industrial food chain</a></h4> <div id="attachment_1803" style="width: 310px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1803" loading="lazy" class="wp-image-1803 size-medium" src="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/bali0100_ricefields-300x198.jpg" alt="Rice fields of Bali, Indonesia preserve biodiversity around in the forests and on the bunds where farmer harvest fodder for animals. Small animals and fish are caught in the paddies." width="300" height="198" srcset="https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/bali0100_ricefields-300x198.jpg 300w, https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/bali0100_ricefields-600x397.jpg 600w, https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/bali0100_ricefields.jpg 960w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /><p id="caption-attachment-1803" class="wp-caption-text">Rice fields of Bali, Indonesia preserve biodiversity around in the forests and on the bunds where farmer harvest fodder for animals. Small animals and fish are caught in the paddies.</p></div> <p>Peasants traditionally exchange seeds, usually in an informal fashion, operating below the radar. Their varieties necessitate no pesticides because local seeds are naturally hardy. After all they are the progeny of plants that have gone through generations of constant change in the local environment and bio-cultural practices.<br /> Meeting farmers and gardeners in more than forty countries, Jude and Michel Fanton, the founders of Seed Savers Foundation have come to the conclusion that home-saved seeds are at the core, and a living legacy, of the peasant food web.<br /> However the number of peasant farmers is diminishing and the reliance on corporate seeds increasing. The seeds and pesticide merchants are trying all they can to capture a bigger share of the market .Sadly many aid and development projects promote this model. They do not necessarily know about or support farmers saving their own seeds.<br /> <a href="ETCgroup.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ETCgroup.org</a> has the following to say about people feeding the Majority World also know as Third World.</p> <p>Thanks to the ingenuity of farmers, the world’s major food crops have been encouraged to grow at a remarkable range of altitudes and latitudes in a variety of ecosystems. From early in the 20th century and especially since the 1960s, public and private commercial breeding has narrowed the genetic base of the world’s top food crops and massively eroded their genetic diversity. Beginning in the 1960s, the Green Revolution’s emphasis on wheat, rice and maize and the focus of commercial breeders on soybeans, alfalfa, cotton and canola (oilseed rape) pushed so-called “poor people’s crops” to the margins causing genetic erosion even in low-priority species. By the early 1990s it was roughly estimated that genetic diversity in the world’s leading crops was declining by about 2% per annum and that perhaps three-quarters of the germplasm pool for these crops was already extinct. This loss of diversity severely limits the re</p> <p>More than the hunger crisis, the climate crisis points to the need to conserve and utilize genetic diversity in both the major food crops and in other crops that show a great potential to be productive while withstanding new pests, diseases and conditions. Who is best able to do this?<br /> Peasants are also the ones who feed the hungry. Rural peasant production is closest to the 712 million rural people who make up three-quarters of the world’s hungry. These people are not only rural but also remote and impoverished or, in other words, of little interest to the industrial chain that prefers middle-class urban markets. Meanwhile, urban peasants grow at least a quarter of the food in the South’s cities – the food that is most accessible to the 238 million hungry people who can’t afford high food prices. By these estimates, at least 70% of the world’s population is fed by peasants.11<br /> Policymakers must re-examine the common fallacy that, even when properly-supported, the world’s peasant food network lacks the bounty, efficiency and resilience to confront the food and climate crises. At the same time, policymakers must deconstruct the mythology surrounding the effectiveness of the industrial food system. The reality is that the world’s 3 billion or so indigenous and peasant producers rural and urban, fishers and pastoralists not only feed a majority of the world’s people and most of the world’s malnourished, they create and conserve most of the world’s biodiversity and are humanity’s best defense against climate change.</p> <p>The industrial food chain prizes uniformity and stability. But these attributes fight against climate readiness and food security. Today, our crops and livestock desperately need genetic diversity, not uniformity. While we don’t want “unstable” varieties and breeds, we do want “plasticity” – the genetic capacity of plants and animals to respond rapidly to changing conditions. Replanted seed adapts over generations to local agronomic conditions and offers higher and more reliable yields. Both patents and related regulations are forcing farmers to buy new – and, therefore, unadapted seed – every season, denying agriculture one of its most important tools. Any restrictions on the right to conduct research using patented breeding material must be struck down since it blocks peasants from their customary breeding activities.</p> <h4><strong>But who are these peasants?</strong></h4> <p><strong>Farmers:</strong> Of the 450 million farms, 382 million (85%) have 2 hectares or less and statisticians customarily refer to them as smallholders or peasants.91 Very significantly, 370 million93 are indigenous peasants on at least 92 million farms. In total, peasants probably have significantly more than half of the world’s cropland. Of the global 1.56 billion hectares in arable and permanent crops (many countries classify “peasants” as holding 5 hectares or less), 764 million hectares could be held by peasants and not less than 225 million are held by big farmers. Mid-size farmers would then hold 571 million hectares (or an aver- age of 36.8 ha).94 In some definitions, some researchers tend to incorporate peasant “farms” that have much less than one-tenth of a hectare per person. The inclusion of these almost- landless peasants into productivity calculations grossly distorts the productivity of most peasant farms.</p> <p><strong>92:</strong> In 1996, FAO’s <i>State of the World Report on Plant Genetic Resources </i>estimated that 1.4 billion people depend on farm-saved seeds. This was an estimate based on FAO’s assumption of the number of people living on peasant farms. (Personal communications, Cary Fowler and David Cooper, March 2009.) See also, Oxfam Briefing Paper 129, “Investing in Poor Farmers Pays,” (2009). Oxfam estimates that 1.7 billion poor people live on farms in low and middle-income countries accounting for about two thirds of all farmers in these countries. Of these, Oxfam says that 906 million farmers live in areas of substantial production potential.</p> <p><strong>91 and 94:</strong> Extrapolated from von Braun. See also, Uwe Hoering, <i>Who Feeds the World? </i>May 2008, Church Development Service.<br /> An Association of the Protestant Churches in Germany (EED) – Evangelischer Entwicklungsdienst, pp. 8-9: “… small farms account for an estimated 80% of the land used for agriculture. With small fields, worked under difficult conditions and with scarce means, these farms contribute nearly half the food that feeds the world…</p> </div> </div></div></div></div></div></div></section> </div> </article>  </div> </div> </div> </section>  </div> <a class="kleo-go-top" href="#"><i class="icon-up-open-big"></i></a>  <div id="socket" class="socket-color"> <div class="container"> <div class="template-page tpl-no col-xs-12 col-sm-12"> <div class="wrap-content"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="gap-10"></div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>©2024 Seed Savers Foundation <a href="https://seedsavers.net/terms-of-service/">Terms of Service</a></strong></p> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="gap-10"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="offcanvas-sidebar side-color"><div class="wrap-canvas-menu"><div class="offcanvas-title"><a href="#" class="open-sidebar"></a></div><div class="offcanvas-before"></div><div class="widget_nav_menu"><ul id="menu-mobile" class="offcanvas-menu"><li id="menu-item-4786" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4786"><a title="About Seed Savers" href="https://seedsavers.net/about-seed-savers/">About Seed Savers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4785" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor menu-item-4785"><a title="Why Save Seeds" href="https://seedsavers.net/why-save-seeds/">Why Save Seeds</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4849" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4849"><a title="Tools & Resources" href="https://seedsavers.net/tools-resources/">Tools & Resources</a></li> </ul></div><div class="offcanvas-after"><ul class="kleo-social-icons"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/seedsavers?lang=en"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><div class="ts-text">Twitter</div></a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/seedsaversnetwork/"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><div class="ts-text">Facebook</div></a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/seedsavers/featured"><i class="icon-youtube"></i><div class="ts-text">Youtube</div></a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/seedsaversnetwork/"><i class="icon-instagramm"></i><div class="ts-text">Instagram</div></a></li></ul></div></div></div>  <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { var c = document.body.className; c = c.replace(/woocommerce-no-js/, 'woocommerce-js'); document.body.className = c; })(); </script>  <div id="kleo-login-modal" class="kleo-form-modal main-color mfp-hide"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 text-center"> <div class="kleo-pop-title-wrap main-color"> <h3 class="kleo-pop-title">Log in with your credentials</h3> </div> <form action="https://seedsavers.net/wp-login.php" name="login_form" method="post" class="kleo-form-signin sq-login-form"> <input type="hidden" id="sq-login-security" name="sq-login-security" value="ec9deecd80" /><input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/why-save-seeds/peasant-food-web/" /> <input type="text" required name="log" class="form-control sq-username" value="" placeholder="Username"> <input type="password" required spellcheck="false" autocomplete="off" value="" name="pwd" class="sq-password form-control" placeholder="Password"> <div id="kleo-login-result"></div> <button class="btn btn-lg btn-default btn-block" type="submit">Sign in</button> <label class="checkbox pull-left"> <input class="sq-rememberme" name="rememberme" type="checkbox" value="forever"> Remember me </label> <a href="#kleo-lostpass-modal" class="kleo-show-lostpass kleo-other-action pull-right">Lost your password?</a> <span class="clearfix"></span> </form> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="kleo-lostpass-modal" class="kleo-form-modal main-color mfp-hide"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 text-center"> <div class="kleo-pop-title-wrap alternate-color"> <h3 class="kleo-pop-title">Forgot your details?</h3> </div> <form name="forgot_form" action="" method="post" class="sq-forgot-form kleo-form-signin"> <input type="hidden" id="security-pass" name="security-pass" value="ec9deecd80" /><input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/why-save-seeds/peasant-food-web/" /> <input type="text" required name="user_login" class="sq-forgot-email form-control" placeholder="Username or Email"> <div id="kleo-lost-result"></div> <button class="btn btn-lg btn-default btn-block" type="submit">Reset Password</button> <a href="#kleo-login-modal" class="kleo-show-login kleo-other-action pull-right">I remember my details</a> <span class="clearfix"></span> </form> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/template" id="tmpl-variation-template"> <div class="woocommerce-variation-description">{{{ data.variation.variation_description }}}</div> <div class="woocommerce-variation-price">{{{ data.variation.price_html }}}</div> <div class="woocommerce-variation-availability">{{{ data.variation.availability_html }}}</div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="tmpl-unavailable-variation-template"> <p>Sorry, this product is unavailable. Please choose a different combination.</p> </script> <script type='text/javascript' id='woo_discount_rules_site-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var woo_discount_rules = {"home_url":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net","admin_url":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/wp-admin\/","ajax_url":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woo-discount-rules-pro-master/assets/js/woo_discount_rules.js?ver=1.6.17' id='woo_discount_rules_site-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/js-cookie/js.cookie.min.js?ver=2.1.4-wc.6.0.1' id='js-cookie-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' id='woocommerce-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var woocommerce_params = {"ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/woocommerce.min.js?ver=6.0.1' id='woocommerce-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' id='wc-cart-fragments-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wc_cart_fragments_params = {"ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%","cart_hash_key":"wc_cart_hash_e3ba64b28b12776d04236b75e380016e","fragment_name":"wc_fragments_e3ba64b28b12776d04236b75e380016e","request_timeout":"5000"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/cart-fragments.min.js?ver=6.0.1' id='wc-cart-fragments-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/js/bootstrap.min.js?ver=4.9.9' id='bootstrap-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/js/plugins/waypoints.min.js?ver=4.9.9' id='waypoints-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/js/plugins/magnific-popup/magnific.min.js?ver=4.9.9' id='magnific-popup-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/js/plugins/carouFredSel/jquery.carouFredSel-6.2.0-packed.js?ver=4.9.9' id='caroufredsel-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/js/plugins/carouFredSel/helper-plugins/jquery.touchSwipe.min.js?ver=4.9.9' id='jquery-touchswipe-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/lib/bower/isotope/dist/isotope.pkgd.min.js?ver=6.0.3' id='isotope-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' id='mediaelement-core-js-before'> var mejsL10n = {"language":"en","strings":{"mejs.download-file":"Download File","mejs.install-flash":"You are using a browser that does not have Flash player enabled or installed. Please turn on your Flash player plugin or download the latest version from https:\/\/get.adobe.com\/flashplayer\/","mejs.fullscreen":"Fullscreen","mejs.play":"Play","mejs.pause":"Pause","mejs.time-slider":"Time Slider","mejs.time-help-text":"Use Left\/Right Arrow keys to advance one second, Up\/Down arrows to advance ten seconds.","mejs.live-broadcast":"Live Broadcast","mejs.volume-help-text":"Use Up\/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume.","mejs.unmute":"Unmute","mejs.mute":"Mute","mejs.volume-slider":"Volume Slider","mejs.video-player":"Video Player","mejs.audio-player":"Audio Player","mejs.captions-subtitles":"Captions\/Subtitles","mejs.captions-chapters":"Chapters","mejs.none":"None","mejs.afrikaans":"Afrikaans","mejs.albanian":"Albanian","mejs.arabic":"Arabic","mejs.belarusian":"Belarusian","mejs.bulgarian":"Bulgarian","mejs.catalan":"Catalan","mejs.chinese":"Chinese","mejs.chinese-simplified":"Chinese (Simplified)","mejs.chinese-traditional":"Chinese (Traditional)","mejs.croatian":"Croatian","mejs.czech":"Czech","mejs.danish":"Danish","mejs.dutch":"Dutch","mejs.english":"English","mejs.estonian":"Estonian","mejs.filipino":"Filipino","mejs.finnish":"Finnish","mejs.french":"French","mejs.galician":"Galician","mejs.german":"German","mejs.greek":"Greek","mejs.haitian-creole":"Haitian Creole","mejs.hebrew":"Hebrew","mejs.hindi":"Hindi","mejs.hungarian":"Hungarian","mejs.icelandic":"Icelandic","mejs.indonesian":"Indonesian","mejs.irish":"Irish","mejs.italian":"Italian","mejs.japanese":"Japanese","mejs.korean":"Korean","mejs.latvian":"Latvian","mejs.lithuanian":"Lithuanian","mejs.macedonian":"Macedonian","mejs.malay":"Malay","mejs.maltese":"Maltese","mejs.norwegian":"Norwegian","mejs.persian":"Persian","mejs.polish":"Polish","mejs.portuguese":"Portuguese","mejs.romanian":"Romanian","mejs.russian":"Russian","mejs.serbian":"Serbian","mejs.slovak":"Slovak","mejs.slovenian":"Slovenian","mejs.spanish":"Spanish","mejs.swahili":"Swahili","mejs.swedish":"Swedish","mejs.tagalog":"Tagalog","mejs.thai":"Thai","mejs.turkish":"Turkish","mejs.ukrainian":"Ukrainian","mejs.vietnamese":"Vietnamese","mejs.welsh":"Welsh","mejs.yiddish":"Yiddish"}}; </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelement-and-player.min.js?ver=4.2.16' id='mediaelement-core-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelement-migrate.min.js?ver=5.8.10' id='mediaelement-migrate-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' id='mediaelement-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _wpmejsSettings = {"pluginPath":"\/wp-includes\/js\/mediaelement\/","classPrefix":"mejs-","stretching":"responsive"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' id='app-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var kleoFramework = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","themeUrl":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/wp-content\/themes\/kleo","loginUrl":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/wp-login.php","goTop":"1","ajaxSearch":"0","alreadyLiked":"You already like this","logo":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Seed-Savers-Logo-LSL-bold-e1677554988295.jpg","retinaLogo":"https:\/\/seedsavers.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Seed-Savers-Logo-LSL-bold-e1677554988295.jpg","headerHeight":"88","headerHeightScrolled":"0","headerTwoRowHeight":"88","headerTwoRowHeightScrolled":"0","headerResizeOffset":"","loadingmessage":"<i class=\"icon icon-spin5 animate-spin\"><\/i> Sending info, please wait...","DisableMagnificGallery":"0","flexMenuEnabled":"0","errorOcurred":"Sorry, an error occurred"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/themes/kleo/assets/js/app.min.js?ver=4.9.9' id='app-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js?ver=5.8.10' id='wp-embed-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/social-board/public/js/sb-utils.js?ver=3.2.5' id='sb-colorbox-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.1' id='underscore-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' id='wp-util-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _wpUtilSettings = {"ajax":{"url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-includes/js/wp-util.min.js?ver=5.8.10' id='wp-util-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' id='wc-add-to-cart-variation-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wc_add_to_cart_variation_params = {"wc_ajax_url":"\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%","i18n_no_matching_variations_text":"Sorry, no products matched your selection. Please choose a different combination.","i18n_make_a_selection_text":"Please select some product options before adding this product to your cart.","i18n_unavailable_text":"Sorry, this product is unavailable. Please choose a different combination."}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/add-to-cart-variation.min.js?ver=6.0.1' id='wc-add-to-cart-variation-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://seedsavers.net/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/js/dist/js_composer_front.min.js?ver=6.0.3' id='wpb_composer_front_js-js'></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { document.querySelectorAll('.custom-read-more-toggle').forEach(function(element) { element.addEventListener('click', function(e) { e.preventDefault(); var content = this.previousElementSibling; if (content.style.display === 'none') { content.style.display = 'block'; this.innerText = 'Read Less'; } else { content.style.display = 'none'; this.innerText = 'Read More'; } }); }); }); </script>  </body> </html>