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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_Chersonesus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_Chersonesus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ancient Chersonesus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_Chersonesus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Part_of_the_Russian_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Part_of_the_Russian_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Part of the Russian Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Part_of_the_Russian_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crimean_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crimean_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Crimean War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crimean_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Part_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Part_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Part of the Ukrainian SSR</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Part_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Part_of_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Part_of_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Part of Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Part_of_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occupation_and_annexation_by_Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occupation_and_annexation_by_Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Occupation and annexation by Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Occupation_and_annexation_by_Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics_and_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_and_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politics and government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics_and_government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Life_expectancy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_expectancy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Life expectancy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Life_expectancy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sevastopol</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 120 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-120" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">120 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopolis" title="Sebastopolis – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sebastopolis" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="سيفاستوبول – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيفاستوبول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سواستوپول – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سواستوپول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2" title="সেভাস্তোপোল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সেভাস্তোপোল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастопаль – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Севастопаль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастопаль – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Севастопаль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2" title="सेवस्टोपोल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सेवस्टोपोल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Севастопол – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Севастопол" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebast%C3%B2pol" title="Sebastòpol – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sebastòpol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefastopol" title="Sefastopol – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sefastopol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Σεβαστούπολη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σεβαστούπολη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Севастополь ош – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Севастополь ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopolo" title="Sebastopolo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sebastopolo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سواستوپول – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سواستوپول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9bastopol" title="Sébastopol – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sébastopol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%B0%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%8F%B4" title="세바스토폴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세바스토폴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D6%87%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%AC" title="Սևաստոպոլ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սևաստոպոլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopolj" title="Sevastopolj – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sevastopolj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopoli" title="Sebastopoli – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sebastopoli" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C" title="סבסטופול – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סבסטופול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სევასტოპოლი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სევასტოპოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9B%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ақиар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ақиар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Севастопольын – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Севастопольын" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winkeem_ke_Ukraina" title="Winkeem ke Ukraina – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Winkeem ke Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopolis" title="Sebastopolis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sebastopolis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopole" title="Sevastopole – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sevastopole" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopolis" title="Sevastopolis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sevastopolis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szevasztopol" title="Szevasztopol – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szevasztopol" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Севастопол – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Севастопол" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE" title="സെവാസ്റ്റോപോൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെവാസ്റ്റോപോൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2" title="सेव्हास्तोपोल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सेव्हास्तोपोल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სევასტოპოლი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სევასტოპოლი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="سيفاستوبول – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيفاستوبول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AE%E1%80%95%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဆီပတ်စတိုပိုမြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆီပတ်စတိုပိုမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AA" title="セヴァストポリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セヴァストポリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebast%C3%B2ple" title="Sebastòple – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sebastòple" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oqyor_(Qrim)" title="Oqyor (Qrim) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oqyor (Qrim)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2" title="ਸੇਵਾਸਤੋਪੋਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੇਵਾਸਤੋਪੋਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سواستوپول – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سواستوپول" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سواستوپول – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سواستوپول" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Σεβαστούπολη – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Σεβαστούπολη" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqyar" title="Aqyar – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Aqyar" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopoli" title="Sevastopoli – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sevastopoli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopoli" title="Sebastopoli – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sebastopoli" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سيواستوپول – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سيواستوپول" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopo%C4%BE" title="Sevastopoľ – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sevastopoľ" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%99" title="Севастопољ – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Севастопољ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopolj" title="Sevastopolj – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sevastopolj" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="செவஸ்தோபோல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செவஸ்தோபோல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Акъяр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Акъяр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5" title="เซวัสโตปอล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เซวัสโตปอล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivastopol" title="Sivastopol – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sivastopol" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewastopol" title="Sewastopol – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Sewastopol" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Севастополь – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Севастополь" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سواستوپول – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سواستوپول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol%27" title="Sevastopol' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sevastopol'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastopol" title="Sebastopol – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Sebastopol" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%93%A6%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%94" title="塞瓦斯托波尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="塞瓦斯托波尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%87%A1%E5%A0%A1" title="塞凡堡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="塞凡堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%93%A6%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%B3%A2%E7%88%BE" title="塞瓦斯托波爾 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塞瓦斯托波爾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Sevastopol" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" 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class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sevastopol&params=44.605_N_33.5225_E_type:city(547820)_region:RU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°36′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">33°31′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.605°N 33.5225°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.605; 33.5225</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#extended" title="This article is extended-confirmed-protected."><img alt="Page extended-confirmed-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City on the Crimean peninsula</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Sebastopol" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Sebastopol_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sebastopol (disambiguation)">Sebastopol (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sevastopol (disambiguation)">Sevastopol (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Russia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Sevastopol</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="Crimean Tatar-language text"><span lang="crh">Акъяр / Aqyar</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">Севастополь</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Севастополь</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>)</span></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid white;width:266px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1356_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1356_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC.jpg/266px-1356_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1356_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC.jpg/399px-1356_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1356_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC.jpg/532px-1356_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Vladimir_Chersonesos_2012_G8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/St_Vladimir_Chersonesos_2012_G8.jpg/132px-St_Vladimir_Chersonesos_2012_G8.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/St_Vladimir_Chersonesos_2012_G8.jpg/198px-St_Vladimir_Chersonesos_2012_G8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/St_Vladimir_Chersonesos_2012_G8.jpg/264px-St_Vladimir_Chersonesos_2012_G8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4920" data-file-height="3280" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_Chersonesus_Basilica_of_1935_IMG_0704_1725.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Sevastopol_Chersonesus_Basilica_of_1935_IMG_0704_1725.jpg/132px-Sevastopol_Chersonesus_Basilica_of_1935_IMG_0704_1725.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Sevastopol_Chersonesus_Basilica_of_1935_IMG_0704_1725.jpg/198px-Sevastopol_Chersonesus_Basilica_of_1935_IMG_0704_1725.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Sevastopol_Chersonesus_Basilica_of_1935_IMG_0704_1725.jpg/264px-Sevastopol_Chersonesus_Basilica_of_1935_IMG_0704_1725.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2588" data-file-height="1725" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_Institute_of_biology_of_the_Southern_Seas_IMG_4276_1725.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Sevastopol_Institute_of_biology_of_the_Southern_Seas_IMG_4276_1725.jpg/132px-Sevastopol_Institute_of_biology_of_the_Southern_Seas_IMG_4276_1725.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Sevastopol_Institute_of_biology_of_the_Southern_Seas_IMG_4276_1725.jpg/198px-Sevastopol_Institute_of_biology_of_the_Southern_Seas_IMG_4276_1725.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Sevastopol_Institute_of_biology_of_the_Southern_Seas_IMG_4276_1725.jpg/264px-Sevastopol_Institute_of_biology_of_the_Southern_Seas_IMG_4276_1725.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2588" data-file-height="1725" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chersonesos_Bell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Chersonesos_Bell.jpg/132px-Chersonesos_Bell.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Chersonesos_Bell.jpg/198px-Chersonesos_Bell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Chersonesos_Bell.jpg/264px-Chersonesos_Bell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balaklava,_Sevastopol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg/266px-Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg/399px-Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg/532px-Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2632" data-file-height="1169" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Sevastopol"><img alt="Flag of Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/100px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/150px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/200px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Sevastopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of Sevastopol">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COA_of_Sevastopol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Sevastopol"><img alt="Coat of arms of Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/COA_of_Sevastopol.svg/55px-COA_of_Sevastopol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/COA_of_Sevastopol.svg/83px-COA_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/COA_of_Sevastopol.svg/110px-COA_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="372" data-file-height="450" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Sevastopol" title="Coat of arms of Sevastopol">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">"Легендарный Севастополь"</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>)</span><br />(English: <span lang="en">"<a href="/wiki/Legendary_Sevastopol" title="Legendary Sevastopol">Legendary Sevastopol</a>"</span>)<div style="display:inline-block;padding-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="146" data-mwtitle="Легендарный_Севастополь,_Legendary_Sevastopol.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%2C_Legendary_Sevastopol.ogg/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%2C_Legendary_Sevastopol.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%2C_Legendary_Sevastopol.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crimea-sevastopol-orthographic-projection2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Orthographic projection of Sevastopol (in green)"><img alt="Orthographic projection of Sevastopol (in green)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Crimea-sevastopol-orthographic-projection2.svg/250px-Crimea-sevastopol-orthographic-projection2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Crimea-sevastopol-orthographic-projection2.svg/375px-Crimea-sevastopol-orthographic-projection2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Crimea-sevastopol-orthographic-projection2.svg/500px-Crimea-sevastopol-orthographic-projection2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Orthographic projection of Sevastopol (in green)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Crimean Peninsula with Sevastopol highlighted"><img alt="Map of the Crimean Peninsula with Sevastopol highlighted" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sevastopol_location_map.svg/250px-Sevastopol_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sevastopol_location_map.svg/375px-Sevastopol_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sevastopol_location_map.svg/500px-Sevastopol_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="532" data-file-height="353" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Map of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Peninsula">Crimean Peninsula</a> with Sevastopol highlighted</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crimea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sevastopol is located in Crimea"><img alt="Sevastopol is located in Crimea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Crimea_location_map.svg/250px-Crimea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Crimea_location_map.svg/375px-Crimea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Crimea_location_map.svg/500px-Crimea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="377" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:80.714%;left:25.511%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sevastopol"><img alt="Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Sevastopol</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Sevastopol within Crimea</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Crimea</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ukraine_adm_location_map_improved.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sevastopol is located in Ukraine"><img alt="Sevastopol is located in Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ukraine_adm_location_map_improved.svg/250px-Ukraine_adm_location_map_improved.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ukraine_adm_location_map_improved.svg/375px-Ukraine_adm_location_map_improved.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ukraine_adm_location_map_improved.svg/500px-Ukraine_adm_location_map_improved.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3780" data-file-height="2540" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:94.128%;left:62.617%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sevastopol"><img alt="Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Sevastopol</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Sevastopol within Ukraine</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Ukraine</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sevastopol is located in Europe"><img alt="Sevastopol is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/250px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/375px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/500px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1401" data-file-height="1198" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:67.863%;left:74.202%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sevastopol"><img alt="Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Sevastopol</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Sevastopol within Europe</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Europe</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sevastopol&params=44.605_N_33.5225_E_type:city(547820)_region:RU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°36′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">33°31′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.605°N 33.5225°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.605; 33.5225</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country <small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(<i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i>)</span></small></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal Subject (Federal City)</a> <small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(<i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i>)</span></small></th><td class="infobox-data">Sevastopol</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_districts_of_Russia" title="Federal districts of Russia">Federal District</a> <small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(<i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i>)</span></small></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Federal_District" title="Southern Federal District">Southern</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">Economic Region</a> <small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(<i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i>)</span></small></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="North Caucasus economic region">North Caucasus</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country <small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(<i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a></i>)</span></small></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">City with special status</a> <small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(<i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a></i>)</span></small></th><td class="infobox-data">Sevastopol</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1783 (242 years ago)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Crimea" title="Russian occupation of Crimea">Russia (de facto)</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Sevastopol" title="Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol">Legislative Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Sevastopol_(Russia)" title="Governor of Sevastopol (Russia)">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Razvozhayev" title="Mikhail Razvozhayev">Mikhail Razvozhayev</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">864 km<sup>2</sup> (334 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">100 m (300 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">547,820</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">630/km<sup>2</sup> (1,600/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">479,394</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Sevastopolitan, Sevastopolian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B03:00" title="UTC+03:00">UTC+03:00</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_regional_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross regional product">Gross regional product</a></th><td class="infobox-data">₽168.574 billion<br />(€2 billion)<br /> ₽326,677<br />(€3748)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/NUTS_statistical_regions_of_Ukraine" title="NUTS statistical regions of Ukraine">NUTS statistical regions of Ukraine</a></th><td class="infobox-data">UA45</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="250" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_4e9b22d96b6448e92b531e12dbf0399f4292ec7f"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x250.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Sevastopol&revid=1270737409&groups=_4e9b22d96b6448e92b531e12dbf0399f4292ec7f" width="270" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x250@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Sevastopol&revid=1270737409&groups=_4e9b22d96b6448e92b531e12dbf0399f4292ec7f 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sevastopol</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>/</a></span></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sometimes written <b>Sebastopol</b>, is the largest city in <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a> and a major port on the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a>. Due to its strategic location and the navigability of the city's harbours, Sevastopol has been an important <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Sevastopol" title="Port of Sevastopol">port</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_Naval_Base" title="Sevastopol Naval Base">naval base</a> throughout its history. Since the city's founding in 1783 it has been a major base for Russia's <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> of the 20th century, it was a <a href="/wiki/Closed_city" title="Closed city">closed city</a>. The total administrative area is 864 square kilometres (334 sq mi) and includes a significant amount of rural land. The urban population, largely concentrated around <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_Bay" title="Sevastopol Bay">Sevastopol Bay</a>, is 479,394,<sup id="cite_ref-stats2021_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats2021-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the total population is 547,820.<sup id="cite_ref-2021Census_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021Census-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sevastopol, along with the rest of Crimea, is internationally recognised as part of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, and under the Ukrainian legal framework, it is administratively one of two <a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">cities with special status</a> (the other being <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>). However, it has been occupied by <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> since 27 February 2014, before Russia <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexed Crimea</a> on 18 March 2014 and gave it the status of a <a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">federal city of Russia</a>. Both Ukraine and Russia consider the city administratively separate from the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Republic of Crimea</a>, respectively. The city's population has an ethnic <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russian</a> majority and a substantial minority of <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a>. </p><p>Sevastopol's unique naval and <a href="/wiki/Maritime" class="mw-disambig" title="Maritime">maritime</a> features have been the basis for a robust economy. The city enjoys mild winters and moderately warm summers, characteristics that help make it a popular <a href="/wiki/Seaside_resort" title="Seaside resort">seaside resort</a> and tourist destination, mainly for visitors from the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">former Soviet republics</a>. The city is also an important centre for <a href="/wiki/Marine_biology" title="Marine biology">marine biology</a> research. In particular, the military has studied and trained <a href="/wiki/Dolphin" title="Dolphin">dolphins</a> in the city for <a href="/wiki/Military_marine_mammal" title="Military marine mammal">military use</a> since the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Sevastopol" title="Special:EditPage/Sevastopol">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sevastopol%22">"Sevastopol"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sevastopol%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sevastopol%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sevastopol%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sevastopol%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sevastopol%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The name of Sevastopolis was originally chosen following the same <a href="/wiki/Etymology" title="Etymology">etymological</a> trend as other cities in the Crimean peninsula; it was intended to express its ancient Greek origins. It is a compound of the Greek adjective, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">σεβαστός</span></span> (<i><a href="/wiki/Sebastos" title="Sebastos">sebastós</a></i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Greek language">Byzantine Greek</a> pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="grc-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[sevasˈtos]</a></span>; 'venerable') and the noun <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">πόλις</span></span> (<i>pólis</i>, 'city'). <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Σεβαστός</span></span> is the traditional Greek equivalent (see <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_(name)" title="Sebastian (name)">Sebastian</a>) of the Roman honorific <i><a href="/wiki/Augustus_(honorific)" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus (honorific)">Augustus</a></i>, originally given to the first emperor of the Roman Empire, <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> and later awarded as a title to his successors. </p><p>The city was probably named after Empress ("<a href="/wiki/Augusta_(honorific)" class="mw-redirect" title="Augusta (honorific)">Augusta</a>") <a href="/wiki/Catherine_the_Great" title="Catherine the Great">Catherine II</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> who founded Sevastopol in 1783. She visited the city in 1787, accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor">Joseph II</a>, the Emperor of Austria, and other foreign dignitaries. </p><p>In the west of the city, there are well-preserved ruins of the ancient Greek port city of <a href="/wiki/Chersonesos_Taurica" class="mw-redirect" title="Chersonesos Taurica">Chersonesos</a>, founded in the 5th<sup id="cite_ref-A1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> century BC by settlers from <a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Pontica" title="Heraclea Pontica">Heraclea Pontica</a>. This name means "peninsula", reflecting its immediate location. It is not related to the ancient Greek name for the Crimean Peninsula as a whole: <i>Chersonēsos <a href="/wiki/Taurica" class="mw-redirect" title="Taurica">Taurikē</a></i> ("the <a href="/wiki/Tauri" title="Tauri">Taurian</a> Peninsula"). </p><p><span class="anchor" id="spelling"></span>The name of the city is spelled as: </p> <ul><li>English: <i>Sevastopol</i>, the current prevalent spelling; the previously common spelling <i>Sebastopol</i> is still used by some publications, and formerly by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current spelling has the pronunciation <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>/</a></span></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-MWCD_online_paywalled_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWCD_online_paywalled-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OED-US_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-US-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the former spelling has the pronunciation <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>/</a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-OED-b_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-b-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OED-US-b_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-US-b-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">Севасто́поль</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="uk-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ukrainian" title="Help:IPA/Ukrainian">[sewɐˈstɔpolʲ]</a></span>, or <i>Sivastopol</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Севасто́поль</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[sʲɪvɐˈstopəlʲ]</a></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-OED_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar</a>: <i><span title="Crimean Tatar-language text" lang="crh-Latn">Aqyar</span></i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="tt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tatar" title="Help:IPA/Tatar">[aqˈjar]</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Crimea" title="History of Crimea">History of Crimea</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Sevastopol" title="Special:EditPage/Sevastopol">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sevastopol%22">"Sevastopol"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sevastopol%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sevastopol%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sevastopol%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sevastopol%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sevastopol%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_04-14_img36_Chersonesus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sevastopol_04-14_img36_Chersonesus.jpg/220px-Sevastopol_04-14_img36_Chersonesus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sevastopol_04-14_img36_Chersonesus.jpg/330px-Sevastopol_04-14_img36_Chersonesus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sevastopol_04-14_img36_Chersonesus.jpg/440px-Sevastopol_04-14_img36_Chersonesus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The ruins of the ancient Greek theatre in <a href="/wiki/Chersonesos_Taurica" class="mw-redirect" title="Chersonesos Taurica">Chersonesos Taurica</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:23em; ; font-size: 85%; color: #202122;background-color: #B0D4DE;"> <div class="quotebox-title" style="color: #202122;background-color: #B0D4DE;">Historical affiliations</div> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <div class="poem"> <p><a href="/wiki/Chersonesus" title="Chersonesus">Chersonesus</a> founded in 6th century BC<br /> Hellenic Colonies 6th century BC – 480 BC<br /> <a href="/wiki/Bosporan_Kingdom" title="Bosporan Kingdom">Bosporan Kingdom</a> 480 BC – 107 BC<br /> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pontus" title="Kingdom of Pontus">Kingdom of Pontus</a> 107 BC – 63 BC<br /> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> 63 BC – 27 BC<br /> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> 27 BC – 330<br /> <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> 330 – 1204<br /> <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Trebizond" title="Empire of Trebizond">Empire of Trebizond</a> 1204 – 1461<br /> <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Theodoro" title="Principality of Theodoro">Principality of Theodoro</a> 1461 – 1475<br /> <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Khanate" title="Crimean Khanate">Crimean Khanate</a> 1475 – 1783 (Ottoman vassal from 1478 to 1774)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> 1783 – 1917<br /> Founded as Sevastopol in 1783<br /> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Republic" title="Russian Republic">Russian Republic</a> 1917<br /> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> from 1922) 1917 – 1942<br /> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> 1942 – 1944 (<i>de facto</i>)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>) 1944 – 1954<br /> <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>) 1954 – 1991<br /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> 1991 – 2014 (<i>de facto</i>; <i>de jure</i> – 1991–present)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian Federation</a> 2014 – present (<i>de facto</i>) </p> </div> </blockquote> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_Chersonesus">Ancient Chersonesus</h3></div> <p>In the 6th century BC, a Greek colony was established in the area of the modern-day city. The Greek city of <a href="/wiki/Chersonesus_(Crimea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chersonesus (Crimea)">Chersonesus</a> existed for almost two thousand years, first as an independent democracy and later as part of the <a href="/wiki/Bosporan_Kingdom" title="Bosporan Kingdom">Bosporan Kingdom</a>. In the 13th and 14th centuries, it was sacked by the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> several times and was finally totally abandoned. The modern day city of Sevastopol has no connection to the ancient and medieval Greek city other than geographical location, but the ruins are a popular tourist attraction located on the outskirts of the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Part_of_the_Russian_Empire">Part of the Russian Empire</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22Soldier_and_Sailor%22_Memorial_to_Heroic_Defenders_of_Sevastopol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/%22Soldier_and_Sailor%22_Memorial_to_Heroic_Defenders_of_Sevastopol.jpg/220px-%22Soldier_and_Sailor%22_Memorial_to_Heroic_Defenders_of_Sevastopol.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/%22Soldier_and_Sailor%22_Memorial_to_Heroic_Defenders_of_Sevastopol.jpg/330px-%22Soldier_and_Sailor%22_Memorial_to_Heroic_Defenders_of_Sevastopol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/%22Soldier_and_Sailor%22_Memorial_to_Heroic_Defenders_of_Sevastopol.jpg/440px-%22Soldier_and_Sailor%22_Memorial_to_Heroic_Defenders_of_Sevastopol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2765" /></a><figcaption>"Soldier and Sailor" Memorial to Heroic Defenders of Sevastopol</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2012-09-09_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/2012-09-09_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%281%29.jpg/170px-2012-09-09_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/2012-09-09_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%281%29.jpg/255px-2012-09-09_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/2012-09-09_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%281%29.jpg/340px-2012-09-09_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="3333" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Sunken_Ships" title="Monument to the Sunken Ships">Monument to the Sunken Ships</a>, dedicated to ships <a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">scuttled</a> during the siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War, designed by <a href="/wiki/Amandus_Adamson" title="Amandus Adamson">Amandus Adamson</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Sevastopol_Panorama.jpg/220px-Sevastopol_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Sevastopol_Panorama.jpg/330px-Sevastopol_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Sevastopol_Panorama.jpg/440px-Sevastopol_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="759" /></a><figcaption>Sevastopol in 1889, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nga.gov/research/library/imagecollections/features/watsons_russia.html">Department of Image Collections</a>, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, D.C.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sevastopol was founded in June 1783 as a base for a naval squadron under the name Akhtiar<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<i>White Cliff</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-bse_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by Rear Admiral <a href="/wiki/Thomas_MacKenzie_(Russian_admiral)" title="Thomas MacKenzie (Russian admiral)">Thomas MacKenzie</a> (Foma Fomich Makenzi), a native <a href="/wiki/Scottish_people" title="Scottish people">Scot</a> in Russian service; soon after <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a> annexed the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Khanate" title="Crimean Khanate">Crimean Khanate</a>. Five years earlier, <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Suvorov" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksandr Suvorov">Alexander Suvorov</a> ordered that earthworks be erected along the harbour and Russian troops be placed there. </p><p>In February 1784, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_the_Great" title="Catherine the Great">Catherine the Great</a> ordered <a href="/wiki/Grigory_Potyomkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Grigory Potyomkin">Grigory Potemkin</a> to build a fortress there and call it Sevastopol. The realisation of the initial building plans fell to Captain <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Ushakov" title="Fyodor Ushakov">Fyodor Ushakov</a> who in 1788 was named commander of the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Sevastopol" title="Port of Sevastopol">port</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea squadron</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was established on the western shore of Southern Bay which branches away from the bigger <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_Bay" title="Sevastopol Bay">Sevastopol Bay</a>. The ruins of ancient Chersonesus were situated to the west. The newly built settlement became an important <a href="/wiki/Naval_base" title="Naval base">naval base</a> and later a commercial <a href="/wiki/Seaport" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaport">seaport</a>. In 1797, under an edict issued by Emperor <a href="/wiki/Paul_I_of_Russia" title="Paul I of Russia">Paul I</a>, the military stronghold was again renamed Akhtiar. Finally, on 29 April (10 May), 1826, the Senate returned the city's name to Sevastopol.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1803 to 1864 along with <a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv" title="Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a> the city was part of Nikolayev–Sevastopol Military Governorate. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_British_Memorial_Complex.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Sevastopol_British_Memorial_Complex.jpg/220px-Sevastopol_British_Memorial_Complex.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Sevastopol_British_Memorial_Complex.jpg/330px-Sevastopol_British_Memorial_Complex.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Sevastopol_British_Memorial_Complex.jpg/440px-Sevastopol_British_Memorial_Complex.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="788" /></a><figcaption>British Memorial Complex, Sevastopol, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nga.gov/research/library/imagecollections/features/watsons_russia.html">Department of Image Collections</a>, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, D.C.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crimean_War">Crimean War</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1854%E2%80%931855)" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855)">Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855)</a></div> <p>From 1853 to 1856, the Crimean peninsula's strategic position in controlling the Black Sea caused it to be the site of the principal engagements of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>, where Russia lost to a French-led alliance.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a minor skirmish at <a href="/wiki/Constan%C8%9Ba" title="Constanța">Köstence</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Constan%C8%9Ba" title="Constanța">Constanța</a>), the allied commanders decided to attack Sevastopol as Russia's main naval base in the Black Sea. After extended preparations, allied forces landed on the peninsula in September 1854 and marched to a point south of Sevastopol after winning the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Alma" title="Battle of the Alma">Battle of the Alma</a> on 20 September. The Russians counterattacked on 25 October in what became the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Balaclava" title="Battle of Balaclava">Battle of Balaclava</a> and were repulsed, but the <a href="/wiki/British_Army_during_the_Victorian_Era" title="British Army during the Victorian Era">British Army</a>'s forces were seriously depleted as a result. A second Russian counterattack, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Inkerman" title="Battle of Inkerman">at Inkerman</a> in November, ended in a stalemate as well. The front settled into the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1854%E2%80%931855)" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855)">siege of Sevastopol</a>, involving brutal conditions for troops on both sides. </p><p>Sevastopol finally fell after eleven months, after the French <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malakoff" title="Battle of Malakoff">had assaulted Fort Malakoff</a>. Isolated and facing a bleak prospect of invasion by the West if the war continued, Russia <a href="/wiki/Suing_for_peace" title="Suing for peace">sued for peace</a> in March 1856. France and Britain welcomed the development, owing to the conflict's domestic unpopularity. The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1856)" title="Treaty of Paris (1856)">Treaty of Paris</a>, signed on 30 March 1856, ended the war and forbade Russia from basing warships in the Black Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This hampered the Russians during the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78</a> and in the aftermath of that conflict, Russia moved to reconstitute its naval strength and fortifications in the Black Sea.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)">Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)</a></div> <p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Sevastopol withstood intensive bombardment by the Germans in 1941–42, supported by their Italian and Romanian allies during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sevastopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sevastopol">Battle of Sevastopol</a>. German forces used <a href="/wiki/Railway_artillery" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway artillery">railway artillery</a>—including history's largest-ever calibre railway artillery piece in battle, the 80-cm calibre <i><a href="/wiki/Schwerer_Gustav" title="Schwerer Gustav">Schwerer Gustav</a></i>—and <a href="/wiki/Karl-Ger%C3%A4t" title="Karl-Gerät">specialised mobile heavy mortars</a> to destroy Sevastopol's extremely heavy fortifications, such as the <a href="/wiki/Maxim_Gorky_Fortresses" title="Maxim Gorky Fortresses">Maxim Gorky Fortresses</a>. After fierce fighting, which lasted for 250 days,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the fortress city finally fell to Axis forces in July 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was intended to be renamed to "<i>Theodorichshafen</i>"<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (in reference to <a href="/wiki/Theodoric_the_Great" title="Theodoric the Great">Theodoric the Great</a> and the fact that Crimea had been home to Germanic <a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a> until the 18th or 19th century) in the event of a German victory against the Soviet Union, and like the rest of Crimea was designated for future colonisation by the Third Reich. It was liberated by the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> on 9 May 1944 and was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Hero_City_(Soviet_Union)" title="Hero City (Soviet Union)">Hero City</a> title a year later. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Part_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR">Part of the Ukrainian SSR</h3></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> era, Sevastopol became a so-called "<a href="/wiki/Closed_city" title="Closed city">closed city</a>". This meant that any non-residents had to apply to the authorities for a temporary permit to visit the city. </p><p>On 29 October 1948, the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Russian SFSR issued an <i>ukaz</i> (order) which confirmed the special status of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-myths_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-myths-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soviet academic publications since 1954, including the <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia" title="Great Soviet Encyclopedia">Great Soviet Encyclopedia</a></i>, indicated that Sevastopol, <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Oblast">Crimean Oblast</a> was part of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian SSR">Ukrainian SSR</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bse_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1954, under <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a>, both Sevastopol and the remainder of the Crimean peninsula were administratively <a href="/wiki/1954_transfer_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 transfer of Crimea">transferred</a> from being territories within the Russian SFSR to being territories administered by the Ukrainian SSR. Administratively, Sevastopol was a municipality excluded from the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Oblast">Crimean Oblast</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation. (December 2018)">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The territory of the municipality was 863.5 km<sup>2</sup> and it was further subdivided into four raions (districts). Besides the City of Sevastopol proper, it also included two towns—Balaklava (having had no status until 1957), Inkerman, urban-type settlement Kacha, and 29 villages.<sup id="cite_ref-YavlinskyUkr_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YavlinskyUkr-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the 1955 Ukrainian parliamentary elections on 27 February, Sevastopol was split into two electoral districts, Stalinsky and Korabelny (initially requested three Stalinsky, Korabelny, and Nakhimovsky).<sup id="cite_ref-myths_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-myths-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Sevastopol received two <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Deputy_of_Ukraine" title="People's Deputy of Ukraine">people's deputies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian SSR">Ukrainian SSR</a> elected to the <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A. Korovchenko and M. Kulakov.<sup id="cite_ref-myths_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-myths-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1957, the town of <a href="/wiki/Balaklava" title="Balaklava">Balaklava</a> was incorporated into Sevastopol. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Part_of_Ukraine">Part of Ukraine</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2795" data-file-height="1888" /></a><figcaption>The Black Sea Fleet Museum</figcaption></figure> <p>Following <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>'s declaration of <a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukraine#Independence" title="History of Ukraine">independence</a> from the USSR in 1991, Sevastopol became the principal base of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian navy">Ukrainian navy</a>. As the key naval base of the former Soviet <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a>, it was a source of tensions for <a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Russia–Ukraine relations">Russia–Ukraine relations</a> until a <a href="/wiki/Partition_Treaty_on_the_Status_and_Conditions_of_the_Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Partition Treaty on the Status and Conditions of the Black Sea Fleet">set-term lease agreement</a> was signed in 1997. </p><p>On 10 July 1993, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian parliament">Russian parliament</a> passed a resolution declaring Sevastopol to be "a federal Russian city".<sup id="cite_ref-doyle_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doyle-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, many supporters of President <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> had ceased taking part in<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> the parliament's work.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 20 July 1993, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> denounced the decision of the Russian parliament. According to <a href="/wiki/Anatoliy_Zlenko" title="Anatoliy Zlenko">Anatoliy Zlenko</a>, it was the first time that the council had to review and qualify actions of a legislative body.<sup id="cite_ref-myths_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-myths-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 April 1993, the Presidium of the Crimean Parliament called for the creation of the presidential post of the Crimean Republic.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A week later, the Russian deputy, Valentin Agafonov, said that <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> was ready to supervise a referendum on Crimean independence and include the republic as a separate entity in the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">CIS</a>. On 28 July 1993, one of the leaders of the Russian Society of Crimea, Viktor Prusakov, said that his organisation was ready for an armed mutiny and the establishment of Russian administration of Sevastopol. </p><p>In September, the commander of the joint Russian-Ukrainian Black Sea Fleet, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eduard_Baltin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eduard Baltin (page does not exist)">Eduard Baltin</a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Балтин, Эдуард Дмитриевич">ru</a>]</sup>, accused Ukraine of converting some of his fleet and conducting an armed assault on his personnel and threatened to take countermeasures placing the fleet on alert. (In June 1992, the Russian president Yeltsin and the Ukrainian president <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a> had agreed to divide the former Soviet Black Sea Fleet between Russia and Ukraine. Eduard Baltin had been appointed commander of the Black Sea Fleet by Yeltsin and Kravchuk on 15 January 1993.) </p><p>The Moscow mayor <a href="/wiki/Yury_Luzhkov" title="Yury Luzhkov">Yury Luzhkov</a> to claim<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> the city, and in December 1996, the Russian <a href="/wiki/Federation_Council_(Russia)" title="Federation Council (Russia)">Federation Council</a> officially endorsed the claim, threatening negotiations. In response, Ukraine proposed a "special partnership" with NATO in January 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1997, Russia and Ukraine signed the <a href="/wiki/Russian%E2%80%93Ukrainian_Friendship_Treaty" title="Russian–Ukrainian Friendship Treaty">Russian–Ukrainian Friendship Treaty</a>, ruling out Moscow's territorial claims to Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by the <a href="/wiki/Partition_Treaty_on_the_Status_and_Conditions_of_the_Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Partition Treaty on the Status and Conditions of the Black Sea Fleet">Partition Treaty on the Status and Conditions of the Black Sea Fleet</a> on 28 May 1997. A separate agreement established the terms of a long-term lease of land, facilities, and resources in Sevastopol and the Crimea by Russia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Russia kept its naval base, with around 15,000 troops stationed in Sevastopol.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_in_Ukraine_28-29_July_2001-17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Vladimir_Putin_in_Ukraine_28-29_July_2001-17.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Ukraine_28-29_July_2001-17.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Vladimir_Putin_in_Ukraine_28-29_July_2001-17.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Ukraine_28-29_July_2001-17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Vladimir_Putin_in_Ukraine_28-29_July_2001-17.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Ukraine_28-29_July_2001-17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> with Ukrainian president <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kuchma" title="Leonid Kuchma">Leonid Kuchma</a> on board the Black Sea Fleet's flagship in July 2001</figcaption></figure> <p>The ex-Soviet Black Sea Fleet and its facilities were divided between Russia's Black Sea Fleet and the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Ukrainian Naval Forces</a>. The two navies co-used some of the city's harbours and piers, while others were demilitarised or used by either<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> country. Sevastopol remained the location of the Russian Black Sea Fleet headquarters, and the Ukrainian Naval Forces Headquarters were also located in the city. A judicial row periodically continued over the naval <a href="/wiki/Hydrography" title="Hydrography">hydrographic</a> infrastructure both in Sevastopol and on the Crimean coast (especially <a href="/wiki/Lighthouses" class="mw-redirect" title="Lighthouses">lighthouses</a> historically maintained by the Soviet and Russian Navy and also used for civil navigation support). </p><p>As in the rest of Crimea, Russian remained the predominant language of the city, although following the independence of Ukraine there were some attempts at <a href="/wiki/Ukrainisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainisation">Ukrainisation</a>, with very little success. Russian society in general and even some outspoken government representatives never accepted the loss of Sevastopol and tended to regard it as temporarily separated from Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2009, the chairman of the Sevastopol city council, Valeriy Saratov (<a href="/wiki/Party_of_Regions" title="Party of Regions">Party of Regions</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> said that Ukraine should increase the amount of compensation it is paying to the city of Sevastopol for hosting the foreign Russian Black Sea Fleet, instead of requesting such compensation from the Russian government and the Russian Ministry of Defense in particular.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 April 2010, Russia and Ukraine ratified the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Ukrainian_Naval_Base_for_Gas_treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Ukrainian Naval Base for Gas treaty">Russian Ukrainian Naval Base for Gas treaty</a>, which extended the Russian Navy's lease of the Crimean facilities for 25 years after 2017 (through 2042) with the option to prolong the lease in five-year extensions. The ratification process in the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian parliament">Ukrainian parliament</a> encountered stiff opposition and even resulted in a brawl in the parliament chamber. Eventually, the treaty was ratified by a 52% majority vote—236 of 450. The <a href="/wiki/Russian_Duma" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Duma">Russian Duma</a> ratified the treaty by a 98% majority.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Occupation_and_annexation_by_Russia">Occupation and annexation by Russia</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Crimea" title="Russian occupation of Crimea">Russian occupation of Crimea</a></div> <p>On 23 February 2014, a pro-Russian rally took place in Nakhimov Square declaring allegiance to Russia and protesting against the new government in <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">overthrow</a> of the president, <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych" title="Viktor Yanukovych">Viktor Yanukovych</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 February, pro-Russian militia, including Russian troops, seized control of government buildings in Crimea, and by 28 February, controlled other strategic locations such as the military airport in Sevastopol.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 March 2014, an internationally unrecognised <a href="/wiki/2014_Crimean_status_referendum" title="2014 Crimean status referendum">referendum</a> was held in Sevastopol with official results claiming an 89.51% turnout and 95.6% of voters choosing to join Russia. Ukraine and almost all other countries of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> consider the referendum illegal and illegitimate.<sup id="cite_ref-sevsovet_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sevsovet-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 18 March, <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Russia annexed Crimea</a>, incorporating the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Republic of Crimea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">federal city</a> of Sevastopol as <a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">federal subjects of Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the annexation remains internationally unrecognised, with most countries recognizing Sevastopol as a <a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">city with special status</a> within Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Russia has taken <i>de facto</i> control of Sevastopol and Crimea, the international community considers the area as part of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol,_Ukraine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sevastopol%2C_Ukraine.jpg/220px-Sevastopol%2C_Ukraine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sevastopol%2C_Ukraine.jpg/330px-Sevastopol%2C_Ukraine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sevastopol%2C_Ukraine.jpg/440px-Sevastopol%2C_Ukraine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption>Satellite image of the Sevastopol area.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:304px;max-width:304px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5.jpg/300px-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5.jpg/450px-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5.jpg/600px-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A view of the Bay of Sevastopol.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiolent_Sevastopol_2009_G1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Fiolent_Sevastopol_2009_G1.jpg/300px-Fiolent_Sevastopol_2009_G1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Fiolent_Sevastopol_2009_G1.jpg/450px-Fiolent_Sevastopol_2009_G1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Fiolent_Sevastopol_2009_G1.jpg/600px-Fiolent_Sevastopol_2009_G1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2950" data-file-height="2215" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Fiolent" title="Cape Fiolent">Cape Fiolent</a>, on the southwestern coast of Sevastopol.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The city of Sevastopol is located at the southwestern tip of the Crimean peninsula in a headland known as <a href="/wiki/Heracles_peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Heracles peninsula">Heracles peninsula</a> on a coast of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a>. The city is designated a special city-region of Ukraine which besides the city itself includes several of its outlying settlements. The city itself is concentrated mostly in the western portion of the region and around the long <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Sevastopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay of Sevastopol">Bay of Sevastopol</a>. This bay is a <a href="/wiki/Ria" title="Ria">ria</a>, a river canyon drowned by <a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a> sea-level rise, and the outlet of <a href="/wiki/Chorna_River_(Crimea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chorna River (Crimea)">Chorna River</a>. Away in a remote location southeast of Sevastopol is located the former city of <a href="/wiki/Balaklava" title="Balaklava">Balaklava</a> (since 1957 incorporated within Sevastopol), the bay of which in the Soviet era served as a main port for the Soviet diesel-powered submarines. </p><p>The coastline of the region is mostly rocky, in a series of smaller bays, a great number of which are located within the Bay of Sevastopol. The biggest of them are Southern Bay (within the Bay of Sevastopol), Archer Bay, a gulf complex that consists of Deergrass Bay, the Bay of Cossack, Salty Bay, and many others. There are over thirty bays in the immediate region. </p><p>Three rivers flow through the region: the Belbek, Chorna, and Kacha. All three mountain chains of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean mountains">Crimean mountains</a> are represented in Sevastopol, the southern chain by the Balaklava Highlands, the inner chain by the Mekenziev Mountains, and the outer chain by the Kara-Tau Upland (Black Mountain). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <p>Sevastopol has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Cfa</i>). Due to the summer mean straddling 22 °C (72 °F) it borders on a four-season <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a>, with cold winters and warm summers. </p><p>The average yearly temperature is 15–16 °C (59–61 °F) during the day and around 9 °C (48 °F) at night. In the coldest months, January and February, the average temperature is 5–6 °C (41–43 °F) during the day and around 1 °C (34 °F) at night. In the warmest months, July and August, the average temperature is around 26 °C (79 °F) during the day and around 19 °C (66 °F) at night. Generally, the summer/holiday season lasts 5 months, from around mid-May and into September, with the temperature often reaching 20 °C (68 °F) or more in the first half of October. </p><p>The average annual temperature of the sea is 14.2 °C (58 °F), ranging from 7 °C (45 °F) in February to 24 °C (75 °F) in August. From June to September, the average sea temperature is greater than 20 °C (68 °F). In the second half of May and the first half of October; the average sea temperature is about 17 °C (63 °F). The average rainfall is about 400 millimetres (16 in) per year. There are about 2,345 hours of sunshine duration per year.<sup id="cite_ref-meteoweb_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meteoweb-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Sevastopol </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9<br />(48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6<br />(56.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4<br />(31.3) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D8FFD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #D6FFD6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #DBFFDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24<br />(0.9) </td> <td style="background: #D5FFD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27<br />(1.1) </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18<br />(0.7) </td> <td style="background: #D6FFD6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #CFFFCF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #CFFFCF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #B1FFB1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52<br />(2.0) </td> <td style="background: #CFFFCF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">379<br />(15) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days </th> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">31 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #838383; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #969696; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #C1C11B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">145 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">202 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">267 </td> <td style="background: #F4F41A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">316 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">356 </td> <td style="background: #F4F419; color:#000000;" class="notheme">326 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">254 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">177 </td> <td style="background: #ADAD93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98 </td> <td style="background: #747474; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,352 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: pogodaiklimat.ru<sup id="cite_ref-Погода_и_Климат_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Погода_и_Климат-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics_and_government">Politics and government</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukrainian_administration">Ukrainian administration</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol-boroughs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sevastopol-boroughs.svg/220px-Sevastopol-boroughs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sevastopol-boroughs.svg/330px-Sevastopol-boroughs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sevastopol-boroughs.svg/440px-Sevastopol-boroughs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="457" /></a><figcaption>Districts of Sevastopol: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F09ABD; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Gagarin_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gagarin Raion">Gagarin Raion</a> (Gagarinsky)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E14A35; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Lenin_Raion,_Sevastopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin Raion, Sevastopol">Lenin Raion</a> (Leninsky)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#45B7ED; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Nakhimov_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nakhimov Raion">Nakhimov Raion</a> (Nakhimovsky)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#8DCCA1; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Balaklava_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Balaklava Raion">Balaklava Raion</a> (Balaklavsky)</div> </figcaption></figure> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution of Ukraine</a>, Sevastopol is administered as a <a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">City with special status</a>. Executive power in Sevastopol is exercised by the <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_City_State_Administration" title="Sevastopol City State Administration">Sevastopol City State Administration</a>, led by a chairman (also known as mayor) appointed by the Ukrainian president.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_City_Council" title="Sevastopol City Council">Sevastopol City Council</a> is the legislature of Sevastopol. </p><p>Sevastopol is administratively divided into four districts: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gagarin_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gagarin Raion">Gagarin Raion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenin_Raion,_Sevastopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin Raion, Sevastopol">Lenin Raion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhimov_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nakhimov Raion">Nakhimov Raion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaklava_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Balaklava Raion">Balaklava Raion</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_occupation">Russian occupation</h3></div> <p>On 18 March 2014, Russia <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">claimed to have annexed Crimea</a> with Sevastopol being administered as a <a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">federal city</a> of Russia, the others being <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Executive</dt></dl> <p>The head of the executive branch in the city is the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Sevastopol_(Russia)" title="Governor of Sevastopol (Russia)">Governor of Sevastopol</a>. According to the city charter, amended on 29 November 2016, the governor is elected in a direct election for a term of five years and no more than two consecutive terms.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current governor is <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Razvozhayev" title="Mikhail Razvozhayev">Mikhail Razvozhayev</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Legislature</dt></dl> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Ukrainian Crimea by Russia</a>, the pro-Russian City Council threw its support behind Russian citizen <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Chaly" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexei Chaly">Alexei Chaly</a> as a "people's mayor" and said it would not recognise orders from <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Russia annexed Crimea, the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Sevastopol" title="Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol">Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol</a> replaced the City Council. </p> <dl><dt>Administrative and municipal divisions</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Administrative_and_municipal_divisions_of_Sevastopol" title="Administrative and municipal divisions of Sevastopol">Administrative and municipal divisions of Sevastopol</a></div> <p>Within the Russian <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Russia#Municipal_divisions" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdivisions of Russia">municipal framework</a>, the territory of the federal city of Sevastopol is divided into nine <a href="/wiki/Administrative_okrug" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative okrug">municipal okrugs</a> and the town of <a href="/wiki/Inkerman" title="Inkerman">Inkerman</a>. While individual municipal divisions are contained within the borders of the administrative districts, they are not otherwise related to the administrative districts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about Sevastopol's economic output by <a href="/wiki/Economic_sector" title="Economic sector">economic sector</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section <span class="extendedconfirmed-show">to include this information</span><span class="nonextendedconfirmed-show"><span class="sysop-show">to include this information or </span><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3ASevastopol&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+extended-protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Extended-confirmed-protected+edit+request+on+11+February+2025&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+extended-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=Sevastopol">by making an edit request</a></span></span>. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Sevastopol" title="Talk:Sevastopol">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2014</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Apart from navy-related civil facilities, Sevastopol hosts some other notable industries. An example is Stroitel,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a major <a href="/wiki/Plastic" title="Plastic">plastic</a> manufacturer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry">Industry</h3></div> <ul><li>Sevastopol Aircraft Plant, <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_Shipyard" title="Sevastopol Shipyard">SMZ Sevastopol Shipyards</a> (main at Naval Bay) & Inkerman Shipyards, Balaklava Bay Shipyard</li> <li>Impuls 2 SMZ</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chornomornaftogaz" title="Chornomornaftogaz">Chornomornaftogaz</a> § Chernomorneftegaz (Chjornomor), oil/gas extraction, petrochemical, jack rigs and oil platforms, LNG and oil tankers.</li> <li>AO FNGUP Granit subsidiary of Almaz Antej, assembly, overhaul, and maintenance of SAM and radar EW complexes, ADS services.</li> <li>Sevastopol (Parus SPriborMZ, Mayak, NPO Elektron, NPP Kvant, Tavrida Elektronik, Musson, and other industrial plants)</li> <li>Sevastopol Economic Industrial Zone SevPZ (SE area)</li> <li>Persej SMZ ship repair and floating dock yard plant (South Bay, Sevastopol)</li> <li>Sevastopol ship repair and floating docks yards (various)</li> <li>Metallurgy, Chemical Plants, and other industries.</li> <li>Agriculture: rice, wheat, grapes, tea, fruits, and tobacco (lesser).</li> <li>Mining: iron, titanium, manganese, aluminum, calcite silicates, and amethyst.</li> <li>Kerch bridge, Taurida highway, Sevastopol GasTES plus solar FV plants, gas and petrol depots, and coal derivatives.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trolleybus_Sevastopol_2012_G2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Trolleybus_Sevastopol_2012_G2.jpg/220px-Trolleybus_Sevastopol_2012_G2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Trolleybus_Sevastopol_2012_G2.jpg/330px-Trolleybus_Sevastopol_2012_G2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Trolleybus_Sevastopol_2012_G2.jpg/440px-Trolleybus_Sevastopol_2012_G2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="2850" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Trolleybus" title="Trolleybus">Trolleybuses</a> <a href="/wiki/ZiU-9" title="ZiU-9">ZiU-9</a> in Sevastopol</figcaption></figure> <p>There are different types of transport in Sevastopol: </p> <ul><li>Bus – 101 lines</li> <li>Trolley bus – 14 lines</li> <li>Minibus – 52 lines</li> <li>Cutter – 6 lines</li> <li>Ferry – 1 line</li> <li>Express bus – 15 lines</li> <li>HEV train (local, suburban route) – 1 route</li> <li>Airport – 1</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_Shipyard" title="Sevastopol Shipyard">Sevastopol Shipyard</a> comprises three facilities that together repair, modernise, and re-equip Russian Naval ships and submarines.<sup id="cite_ref-fas_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_International_Airport" title="Sevastopol International Airport">Sevastopol International Airport</a> is used as a military aerodrome at the moment and being reconstructed to be used by international airlines. </p><p>Sevastopol maintains a large port facility in the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Sevastopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay of Sevastopol">Bay of Sevastopol</a> and in smaller bays around the <a href="/wiki/Heracles_peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Heracles peninsula">Heracles peninsula</a>. The port handles traffic from passengers (local transportation and cruise), cargo, and commercial fishing. The port infrastructure is fully integrated with the city of Sevastopol and the naval bases of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a>. </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1008px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_panorama.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama of the Sevastopol port entrance (left) with its monument to Russian ships which were sunk in the Crimean War to blockade the harbour (far right side)."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Sevastopol_panorama.JPG/1000px-Sevastopol_panorama.JPG" decoding="async" width="1000" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Sevastopol_panorama.JPG/1500px-Sevastopol_panorama.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Sevastopol_panorama.JPG/2000px-Sevastopol_panorama.JPG 2x" data-file-width="7108" data-file-height="1832" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_panorama.JPG" title="File:Sevastopol panorama.JPG"> </a></div>Panorama of the Sevastopol port entrance (left) with its <a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Sunken_Ships" title="Monument to the Sunken Ships">monument</a> to <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Russian ships</a> which were sunk in the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a> to blockade the <a href="/wiki/Harbour" class="mw-redirect" title="Harbour">harbour</a> (far right side).</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3></div> <p>Due to its military history, most streets in the city are named after Russian and Soviet military heroes. There are hundreds of monuments and plaques in various parts of Sevastopol commemorating its military past. </p><p>Attractions include: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chersonesos_Taurica" class="mw-redirect" title="Chersonesos Taurica">Chersonesos</a> National Archaeological Reserve</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kroshitsky_Sevastopol_Art_Museum" title="Mikhail Kroshitsky Sevastopol Art Museum">MP Kroshitsky Sevastopol Art Museum</a></li> <li>Sevastopol Museum of Local History</li> <li>Aquarium-Museum of the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine</li> <li>Dolphinarium of Sevastopol</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Sunken_Ships" title="Monument to the Sunken Ships">Monument to the Sunken Ships</a></li> <li>The Panorama Museum (The Heroic Defence of Sevastopol during the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malakhov_Kurgan" title="Malakhov Kurgan">Malakhov Kurgan</a> (Barrow) with its White Tower</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admirals%27_Burial_Vault" class="mw-redirect" title="Admirals' Burial Vault">Admirals' Burial Vault</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a> Museum</li> <li>The Storming of <a href="/wiki/Sapun-gora" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapun-gora">Sapun-gora</a> of 7 May 1944, the Diorama Museum (<a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>)</li> <li>Naval museum complex "<a href="/wiki/Naval_museum_complex_Balaklava" title="Naval museum complex Balaklava">Balaklava</a>", decommissioned underground submarine base, now opened to the public</li> <li>Cheremetieff brothers museum "Crimean war 1853–1856"</li> <li>Museum of the underground forces of 1942–1944</li> <li>Museum Historical Memorial Complex <a href="/wiki/35th_coastal_battery" class="mw-redirect" title="35th coastal battery">"35th Coastal Battery"</a></li> <li>The Naval Museum "Michael's battery"</li> <li>Fraternal (Communal) War Cemetery</li></ul></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_Crimea-5243.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sevastopol Artillery Bay view"><img alt="Sevastopol Artillery Bay view" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sevastopol_Crimea-5243.jpg/120px-Sevastopol_Crimea-5243.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sevastopol_Crimea-5243.jpg/180px-Sevastopol_Crimea-5243.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sevastopol_Crimea-5243.jpg/240px-Sevastopol_Crimea-5243.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sevastopol Artillery Bay view</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_Crimea-4856.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The seaside of Sevastopol"><img alt="The seaside of Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sevastopol_Crimea-4856.jpg/120px-Sevastopol_Crimea-4856.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sevastopol_Crimea-4856.jpg/180px-Sevastopol_Crimea-4856.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sevastopol_Crimea-4856.jpg/240px-Sevastopol_Crimea-4856.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The seaside of Sevastopol</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_04-14_img09_Vladimir_Cathedral.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. Vladimir's Cathedral at 'the city hill'"><img alt="St. Vladimir's Cathedral at 'the city hill'" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sevastopol_04-14_img09_Vladimir_Cathedral.jpg/90px-Sevastopol_04-14_img09_Vladimir_Cathedral.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sevastopol_04-14_img09_Vladimir_Cathedral.jpg/135px-Sevastopol_04-14_img09_Vladimir_Cathedral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sevastopol_04-14_img09_Vladimir_Cathedral.jpg/180px-Sevastopol_04-14_img09_Vladimir_Cathedral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="3678" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St. Vladimir's Cathedral at 'the city hill'</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_04-14_img06_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral"><img alt="Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Sevastopol_04-14_img06_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg/120px-Sevastopol_04-14_img06_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Sevastopol_04-14_img06_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg/180px-Sevastopol_04-14_img06_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Sevastopol_04-14_img06_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg/240px-Sevastopol_04-14_img06_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3257" data-file-height="2443" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_04-14_img17_View_to_Northern_Side.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the Northern side"><img alt="View of the Northern side" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Sevastopol_04-14_img17_View_to_Northern_Side.jpg/120px-Sevastopol_04-14_img17_View_to_Northern_Side.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Sevastopol_04-14_img17_View_to_Northern_Side.jpg/180px-Sevastopol_04-14_img17_View_to_Northern_Side.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Sevastopol_04-14_img17_View_to_Northern_Side.jpg/240px-Sevastopol_04-14_img17_View_to_Northern_Side.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5043" data-file-height="3362" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of the Northern side</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_04-14_img14_PozharovaStreet_Old_Cemetery.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Old city cemetery"><img alt="Old city cemetery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Sevastopol_04-14_img14_PozharovaStreet_Old_Cemetery.jpg/120px-Sevastopol_04-14_img14_PozharovaStreet_Old_Cemetery.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Sevastopol_04-14_img14_PozharovaStreet_Old_Cemetery.jpg/180px-Sevastopol_04-14_img14_PozharovaStreet_Old_Cemetery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Sevastopol_04-14_img14_PozharovaStreet_Old_Cemetery.jpg/240px-Sevastopol_04-14_img14_PozharovaStreet_Old_Cemetery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4885" data-file-height="3257" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Old city cemetery</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_04-14_img01_railway_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Main railway station"><img alt="Main railway station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sevastopol_04-14_img01_railway_station.jpg/120px-Sevastopol_04-14_img01_railway_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sevastopol_04-14_img01_railway_station.jpg/180px-Sevastopol_04-14_img01_railway_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sevastopol_04-14_img01_railway_station.jpg/240px-Sevastopol_04-14_img01_railway_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5085" data-file-height="3390" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Main railway station</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Musee_Sevastopol.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Panorama Museum (The Heroic Defence of Sevastopol during the Crimean War)"><img alt="The Panorama Museum (The Heroic Defence of Sevastopol during the Crimean War)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Musee_Sevastopol.jpg/120px-Musee_Sevastopol.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Musee_Sevastopol.jpg/180px-Musee_Sevastopol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Musee_Sevastopol.jpg/240px-Musee_Sevastopol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Panorama Museum (The Heroic Defence of Sevastopol during the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Building_of_Diorama_Storm_of_Sapun_Mountain_on_May_7,_1944_in_Sevastopol.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Storming of Sapun-gora of 7 May 1944, the Diorama Museum (World War II)"><img alt="The Storming of Sapun-gora of 7 May 1944, the Diorama Museum (World War II)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Building_of_Diorama_Storm_of_Sapun_Mountain_on_May_7%2C_1944_in_Sevastopol.jpg/120px-Building_of_Diorama_Storm_of_Sapun_Mountain_on_May_7%2C_1944_in_Sevastopol.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Building_of_Diorama_Storm_of_Sapun_Mountain_on_May_7%2C_1944_in_Sevastopol.jpg/180px-Building_of_Diorama_Storm_of_Sapun_Mountain_on_May_7%2C_1944_in_Sevastopol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Building_of_Diorama_Storm_of_Sapun_Mountain_on_May_7%2C_1944_in_Sevastopol.jpg/240px-Building_of_Diorama_Storm_of_Sapun_Mountain_on_May_7%2C_1944_in_Sevastopol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Storming of <a href="/wiki/Sapun-gora" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapun-gora">Sapun-gora</a> of 7 May 1944, the Diorama Museum (<a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balaklava,_Sevastopol.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entrance to Balaklava bay, 2010"><img alt="Entrance to Balaklava bay, 2010" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg/120px-Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg/180px-Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg/240px-Balaklava%2C_Sevastopol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2632" data-file-height="1169" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Entrance to <a href="/wiki/Balaklava" title="Balaklava">Balaklava</a> bay, 2010</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B6.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Steep West Bank, Andriivka"><img alt="Steep West Bank, Andriivka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B6.JPG/120px-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B6.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B6.JPG/180px-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B6.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B6.JPG/240px-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B6.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Steep West Bank, Andriivka</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The rocky shore of Heracles of the Ey Peninsula, Chersonesos"><img alt="The rocky shore of Heracles of the Ey Peninsula, Chersonesos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg/90px-%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg/135px-%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg/180px-%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="1056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The rocky shore of Heracles of the Ey Peninsula, Chersonesos</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:15.%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_(9).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The high shore of Cape Fiolent"><img alt="The high shore of Cape Fiolent" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/15.%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%289%29.jpg/120px-15.%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%289%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/15.%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%289%29.jpg/180px-15.%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%289%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/15.%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%289%29.jpg/240px-15.%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%289%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The high shore of Cape Fiolent</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8_053.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="South bank landscape, Laspi"><img alt="South bank landscape, Laspi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8_053.jpg/120px-%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8_053.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8_053.jpg/180px-%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8_053.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8_053.jpg/240px-%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8_053.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">South bank landscape, Laspi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol004.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="South bay"><img alt="South bay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sevastopol004.jpg/120px-Sevastopol004.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sevastopol004.jpg/180px-Sevastopol004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sevastopol004.jpg/240px-Sevastopol004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">South bay</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balaclava_bay.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balaklava bay"><img alt="Balaklava bay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Balaclava_bay.jpg/120px-Balaclava_bay.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Balaclava_bay.jpg/180px-Balaclava_bay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Balaclava_bay.jpg/240px-Balaclava_bay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Balaklava bay</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Sevastopol from Balaklava Heights"><img alt="View of Sevastopol from Balaklava Heights" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B.jpg/120px-%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B.jpg/180px-%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B.jpg/240px-%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1066" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of Sevastopol from Balaklava Heights</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Verhnesadovoe_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Road, Verkhniosadove village"><img alt="Road, Verkhniosadove village" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Verhnesadovoe_2.JPG/120px-Verhnesadovoe_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Verhnesadovoe_2.JPG/180px-Verhnesadovoe_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Verhnesadovoe_2.JPG/240px-Verhnesadovoe_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Road, Verkhniosadove village</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about the different religions practised in Sevastopol; its education system (schools, colleges, and universities); and its healthcare system (clinics and hospitals).<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section <span class="extendedconfirmed-show">to include this information</span><span class="nonextendedconfirmed-show"><span class="sysop-show">to include this information or </span><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3ASevastopol&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+extended-protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Extended-confirmed-protected+edit+request+on+11+February+2025&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+extended-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=Sevastopol">by making an edit request</a></span></span>. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Sevastopol" title="Talk:Sevastopol">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2014</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_pop_pyramid_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sevastopol_pop_pyramid_2021.svg/220px-Sevastopol_pop_pyramid_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sevastopol_pop_pyramid_2021.svg/330px-Sevastopol_pop_pyramid_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sevastopol_pop_pyramid_2021.svg/440px-Sevastopol_pop_pyramid_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2811" data-file-height="2167" /></a><figcaption>Population pyramid of Sevastopol as of the 2021 Russian Census</figcaption></figure><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1897</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">53,595</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1926</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">68,003</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+26.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">109,104</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+60.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1959</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">148,033</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+35.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">228,904</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+54.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1979</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">300,686</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+31.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1989</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">356,123</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">342,451</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2014</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">393,304</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">547,820</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+39.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Census data</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The population of Sevastopol is 509,992, consisting of 479,394 urban residents and 30,598 rural (January 2021), making it the most populous city of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Peninsula">Crimean Peninsula</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stats2021_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats2021-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city has retained an ethnic Russian majority throughout its history.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (October 2022)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1989 the proportion of Russians living in the city was 74.4%,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by the time of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Census_(2001)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian Census (2001)">Ukrainian National Census, 2001</a>, the ethnic groups of Sevastopol included <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> (71.6%), <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a> (22.4%), <a href="/wiki/Belarusians" title="Belarusians">Belarusians</a> (1.6%), <a href="/wiki/Tatars" title="Tatars">Tatars</a> (0.7%), <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a> (0.5%), <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jews</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Moldovans" title="Moldovans">Moldovans</a> (0.2%), and <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani people">Azerbaijanis</a> (0.2%).<sup id="cite_ref-census_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox infobox-table" style="width: 23em; line-height: 1.2em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-above" style="border-bottom: 1px #ddd solid; font-size: larger;">Age structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">0–14 years old</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a" style="text-align: right;"> male 27,856 / female 26,532</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b" style="text-align: right;"> (14.3% <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">15–64 years old</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a" style="text-align: right;"> <span style="white-space: nowrap">male 126,918 / female 141,304</span></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b" style="text-align: right;"> (<span style="white-space: nowrap">70.3% <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space: nowrap">65 years and over</span></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a" style="text-align: right;"> male 19,038 / female 39,826</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b" style="text-align: right;"> (15.4% <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px #ddd solid;"> Source: <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disputed_statement" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Disputed statement"><span title="This claim has reliable sources with contradicting facts (March 2014)">disputed</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Sevastopol" title="Talk:Sevastopol">discuss</a></i>]</sup></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox infobox-table" style="width: 23em; line-height: 1.2em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-above" style="border-bottom: 1px #ddd solid; font-size: larger;"><a href="/wiki/Median_age" class="mw-redirect" title="Median age">Median age</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Male</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a" style="text-align: right;"> 36.0 years <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Female</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a" style="text-align: right;"> 44.6 years <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a" style="text-align: right;"> 40.2 years <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px #ddd solid;"> Source: <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Vital statistics for 2015: </p> <ul><li>Births: 5 471 (13.7 per 1000)</li> <li>Deaths: 6 072 (15.2 per 1000)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Life_expectancy">Life expectancy</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_life_expectancy#Official_Russian_data_2019" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by life expectancy">List of federal subjects of Russia by life expectancy</a></div> <p>In 2015, Sevastopol had the largest decrease in <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a> at birth among all regions of Russia.<br />In 2020, after beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Sevastopol became the only region of Russia where there was increase of life expectancy.<br />In 2021, average life expectancy at birth in Sevastopol was 72.25 years (67.87 for males and 76.43 for females).<sup id="cite_ref-rosstat_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosstat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-uiiss_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uiiss-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Life expectancy in Sevastopol [58][59]"><img alt="Life expectancy in Sevastopol [58][59]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol.png/279px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol.png" decoding="async" width="186" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol.png/418px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol.png/557px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol.png 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Life expectancy in Sevastopol <sup id="cite_ref-rosstat_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosstat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-uiiss_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uiiss-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 104px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 102px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol_-diff.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Life expectancy with calculated differences"><img alt="Life expectancy with calculated differences" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol_-diff.png/153px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol_-diff.png" decoding="async" width="102" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol_-diff.png/229px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol_-diff.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol_-diff.png/306px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Sevastopol_-diff.png 2x" data-file-width="613" data-file-height="1081" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Life expectancy with calculated differences</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 274px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 272px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-Crimea.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Life expectancy in Sevastopol in comparison with Crimea on average and neighboring regions of the country"><img alt="Life expectancy in Sevastopol in comparison with Crimea on average and neighboring regions of the country" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-Crimea.png/408px-Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-Crimea.png" decoding="async" width="272" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-Crimea.png/611px-Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-Crimea.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-Crimea.png/815px-Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-Crimea.png 2x" data-file-width="887" data-file-height="588" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Life expectancy in Sevastopol in comparison with Crimea on average and neighboring regions of the country</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 187.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 185.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Crimea_and_its_parts.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Life expectancy in Sevastopol in comparison with Crimea on average (in detail)"><img alt="Life expectancy in Sevastopol in comparison with Crimea on average (in detail)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Crimea_and_its_parts.png/278px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Crimea_and_its_parts.png" decoding="async" width="186" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Crimea_and_its_parts.png/418px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Crimea_and_its_parts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Crimea_and_its_parts.png/557px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Crimea_and_its_parts.png 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="641" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Life expectancy in Sevastopol in comparison with Crimea on average (in detail)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about architecture, arts, cuisine, literature, media, and music in Sevastopol.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section <span class="extendedconfirmed-show">to include this information</span><span class="nonextendedconfirmed-show"><span class="sysop-show">to include this information or </span><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3ASevastopol&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+extended-protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Extended-confirmed-protected+edit+request+on+11+February+2025&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+extended-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=Sevastopol">by making an edit request</a></span></span>. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Sevastopol" title="Talk:Sevastopol">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2014</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There are many historical buildings in the central and eastern parts of the city and Balaklava, some of which are architectural monuments. The Western districts have modern architecture. More recently, numerous skyscrapers have been built. Balaklava Bayfront Plaza (on hold), currently under construction, will be one of the tallest buildings in Ukraine, at 173 m (568 ft) with 43 floors.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/2014_Russian_annexation_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Russian annexation of Crimea">2014 Russian annexation of Crimea</a> the city's monument to <a href="/wiki/Petro_Konashevych-Sahaidachny" title="Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny">Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny</a> was removed and handed over to <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div> <ul><li>Economics and Humanities Institute (Branch), <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Federal_University" title="Crimean Federal University">Crimean Federal University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_National_Technical_University" title="Sevastopol National Technical University">Sevastopol National Technical University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_National_University_of_Nuclear_Energy_and_Industry" title="Sevastopol National University of Nuclear Energy and Industry">Sevastopol National University of Nuclear Energy and Industry</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonidoff-ileana1919.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Leonidoff-ileana1919.jpg/140px-Leonidoff-ileana1919.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Leonidoff-ileana1919.jpg/210px-Leonidoff-ileana1919.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Leonidoff-ileana1919.jpg/280px-Leonidoff-ileana1919.jpg 2x" data-file-width="924" data-file-height="1436" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ileana_Leonidoff" title="Ileana Leonidoff">Ileana Leonidoff</a>, 1919</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexandr_Nosatov_(2018).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Alexandr_Nosatov_%282018%29.jpg/140px-Alexandr_Nosatov_%282018%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Alexandr_Nosatov_%282018%29.jpg/210px-Alexandr_Nosatov_%282018%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Alexandr_Nosatov_%282018%29.jpg/280px-Alexandr_Nosatov_%282018%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="472" data-file-height="709" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Nosatov" title="Aleksandr Nosatov">Aleksandr Nosatov</a>, 2018</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alla_Kostromichova" title="Alla Kostromichova">Alla Kostromichova</a> (born 1986) a Ukrainian fashion model and TV presenter.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkady_Averchenko" title="Arkady Averchenko">Arkady Averchenko</a> (1881–1925) a Russian playwright and satirist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksiy_Bessarabov" title="Oleksiy Bessarabov">Oleksiy Bessarabov</a> (born 1976) a Ukrainian journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Cassini" title="Igor Cassini">Igor Cassini</a> (1915–2002) a Russian-American syndicated gossip columnist for the Hearst newspaper chain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Chaly" title="Aleksei Chaly">Aleksei Chaly</a> (born 1961) a businessman and former de facto mayor of Sevastopol.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Galich_(writer)" title="Alexander Galich (writer)">Alexander Galich</a> (1918–1977) a Soviet poet, playwright, singer-songwriter and dissident.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimal_(rapper)" title="Dimal (rapper)">Gulyayev Dmitry Igorevich</a> (born 1986), stage name <i><a href="/wiki/Dimal_(rapper)" title="Dimal (rapper)">Dimal</a></i>, rapper, songwriter and entertainer, based in Malta.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lola_Gjoka" title="Lola Gjoka">Lola Gjoka</a> (1910–1985) an Albanian pianist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_Godovalnikova" title="Tatiana Godovalnikova">Tatiana Godovalnikova</a> (born 1962) a Russian contemporary artist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimma_Kazakova" title="Rimma Kazakova">Rimma Kazakova</a> (1932–2008) a Soviet/Russian poet who wrote popular songs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasha_Krasny" title="Sasha Krasny">Sasha Krasny</a> (1882– 1995), a Russian poet and songwriter.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Kuznetsov_(actor)" title="Aleksandr Kuznetsov (actor)">Aleksandr Kuznetsov</a> (born 1992) a Ukrainian-Russian actor in Russian films and TV</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ileana_Leonidoff" title="Ileana Leonidoff">Ileana Leonidoff</a> (1893–1968) emigrée actress in silent films; then dancer and choreographer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kseniya_Mishyna" title="Kseniya Mishyna">Kseniya Mishyna</a> (born 1989) a Ukrainian film and stage actress.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Samoilovich_Neiman" title="Mikhail Samoilovich Neiman">Mikhail Samoilovich Neiman</a> (1905–1975) a Soviet physicist and academic professor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Nosatov" title="Aleksandr Nosatov">Aleksandr Nosatov</a> (born 1963) an admiral in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russian Navy</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Papanin" title="Ivan Papanin">Ivan Papanin</a> (1894–1986) a Soviet polar explorer, scientist and <a href="/wiki/Counter_Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter Admiral">Counter Admiral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Pinchuk" title="Sergei Pinchuk">Sergei Pinchuk</a> (born 1971) a vice-admiral in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russian Navy</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_von_Root" title="Olga von Root">Olga von Root</a> (1902–1967), Russian noblewoman, singer, and stage actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Sablin" title="Mikhail Sablin">Mikhail Sablin</a> (1869–1920), an admiral in the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Imperial Russian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semen_Semenchenko" title="Semen Semenchenko">Semen Semenchenko</a> (born 1974), a Ukrainian politician and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Donbas_Battalion" title="Donbas Battalion">Donbas Battalion</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Shkaplerov" title="Anton Shkaplerov">Anton Shkaplerov</a> (born 1972) a Russian cosmonaut with four spaceflights.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonina_Shuranova" title="Antonina Shuranova">Antonina Shuranova</a> (1936–2003) a Russian stage, TV and film actress.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Voronin" title="Alexandra Voronin">Alexandra Voronin</a> (1905—1993) the Russian wife of Norwegian fascist <a href="/wiki/Vidkun_Quisling" title="Vidkun Quisling">Vidkun Quisling</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyudmila_Aksyonova" title="Lyudmila Aksyonova">Lyudmila Aksyonova</a> (born 1947) 400 metre athlete, team bronze medallist at the <a href="/wiki/1976_Summer_Olympics" title="1976 Summer Olympics">1976 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Fyodorov_(water_polo)" title="Aleksandr Fyodorov (water polo)">Aleksandr Fyodorov</a> (born 1981) water polo player and team bronze medallist at the <a href="/wiki/2004_Summer_Olympics" title="2004 Summer Olympics">2004 Summer Olympics</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svitlana_Matevusheva" title="Svitlana Matevusheva">Svitlana Matevusheva</a> (born 1981) a sailor and team silver medallist at the <a href="/wiki/2004_Summer_Olympics" title="2004 Summer Olympics">2004 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Onischuk" title="Alexander Onischuk">Alexander Onischuk</a> (born 1975) a Ukrainian-American chess <a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_(chess)" title="Grandmaster (chess)">Grandmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galina_Prozumenshchikova" title="Galina Prozumenshchikova">Galina Prozumenshchikova</a> (1948–2015) a Soviet breaststroke swimmer; five Olympic medals in 1964, 1968 and 1972</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Durunda" title="Marina Durunda">Marina Durunda</a> (born 1997) an Azerbaijani rhythmic gymnast; finalist at the <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 197.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 195.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_04-14_img04_view_from_Suvorov_Square.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Sevastopol"><img alt="View of Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Sevastopol_04-14_img04_view_from_Suvorov_Square.jpg/293px-Sevastopol_04-14_img04_view_from_Suvorov_Square.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Sevastopol_04-14_img04_view_from_Suvorov_Square.jpg/440px-Sevastopol_04-14_img04_view_from_Suvorov_Square.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Sevastopol_04-14_img04_view_from_Suvorov_Square.jpg/585px-Sevastopol_04-14_img04_view_from_Suvorov_Square.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of Sevastopol</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 543.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 541.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ships of the Black Sea Fleet docked in Sevastopol"><img alt="Ships of the Black Sea Fleet docked in Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg/812px-Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg" decoding="async" width="542" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg/1219px-Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg/1623px-Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2271" data-file-height="546" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ships of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a> docked in Sevastopol</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 173.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol._Nakhimov_square.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Nakhimov Square"><img alt="Nakhimov Square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sevastopol._Nakhimov_square.JPG/260px-Sevastopol._Nakhimov_square.JPG" decoding="async" width="174" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sevastopol._Nakhimov_square.JPG/391px-Sevastopol._Nakhimov_square.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sevastopol._Nakhimov_square.JPG/520px-Sevastopol._Nakhimov_square.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nakhimov Square</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 173.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Palace of Culture"><img alt="Palace of Culture" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-1.jpg/260px-Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-1.jpg/391px-Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-1.jpg/520px-Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2618" data-file-height="1964" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Palace of Culture</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 99.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 97.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SevaTeatr.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lunacharsky Theater"><img alt="Lunacharsky Theater" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/SevaTeatr.jpg/146px-SevaTeatr.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/SevaTeatr.jpg/219px-SevaTeatr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/SevaTeatr.jpg/292px-SevaTeatr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1520" data-file-height="2032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lunacharsky Theater</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 173.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Artillery Bay"><img alt="Artillery Bay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-2.jpg/260px-Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-2.jpg/391px-Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-2.jpg/520px-Sevastopol_Nahimova_4-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1983" data-file-height="1487" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Artillery Bay</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 230px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 228px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="2012 Navy Day joint celebration (Russian AF)"><img alt="2012 Navy Day joint celebration (Russian AF)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G03.jpg/342px-Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G03.jpg" decoding="async" width="228" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G03.jpg/513px-Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G03.jpg/683px-Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2012 Navy Day joint celebration (Russian AF)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 236px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 234px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G04.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="2012 Navy Day joint celebration (Ukrainian AF)"><img alt="2012 Navy Day joint celebration (Ukrainian AF)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G04.jpg/351px-Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G04.jpg" decoding="async" width="234" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G04.jpg/528px-Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G04.jpg/702px-Navy_Day_Sevastopol_2012_G04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2012 Navy Day joint celebration (Ukrainian AF)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 236px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 234px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boat_U170_Skadovsk_2012_G1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ukrainian Navy artillery boat U170 in the Bay of Sevastopol"><img alt="Ukrainian Navy artillery boat U170 in the Bay of Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Boat_U170_Skadovsk_2012_G1.jpg/351px-Boat_U170_Skadovsk_2012_G1.jpg" decoding="async" width="234" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Boat_U170_Skadovsk_2012_G1.jpg/528px-Boat_U170_Skadovsk_2012_G1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Boat_U170_Skadovsk_2012_G1.jpg/702px-Boat_U170_Skadovsk_2012_G1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Ukrainian Navy</a> artillery boat U170 in the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Sevastopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay of Sevastopol">Bay of Sevastopol</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 197.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 195.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Celebrating_Victory_Day_and_the_70th_anniversary_of_Sevastopol%E2%80%99s_liberation_(2493-07).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Victory Day in Sevastopol, 9 May 2014"><img alt="Victory Day in Sevastopol, 9 May 2014" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Celebrating_Victory_Day_and_the_70th_anniversary_of_Sevastopol%E2%80%99s_liberation_%282493-07%29.jpg/293px-Celebrating_Victory_Day_and_the_70th_anniversary_of_Sevastopol%E2%80%99s_liberation_%282493-07%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Celebrating_Victory_Day_and_the_70th_anniversary_of_Sevastopol%E2%80%99s_liberation_%282493-07%29.jpg/441px-Celebrating_Victory_Day_and_the_70th_anniversary_of_Sevastopol%E2%80%99s_liberation_%282493-07%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Celebrating_Victory_Day_and_the_70th_anniversary_of_Sevastopol%E2%80%99s_liberation_%282493-07%29.jpg/587px-Celebrating_Victory_Day_and_the_70th_anniversary_of_Sevastopol%E2%80%99s_liberation_%282493-07%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1277" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Victory Day in Sevastopol, 9 May 2014</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2121_Sevastopol" title="2121 Sevastopol">2121 Sevastopol</a> – <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroid</a> discovered in 1971 by <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> astronomer <a href="/wiki/Tamara_Mikhailovna_Smirnova" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova">Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova</a> and named after the city.<sup id="cite_ref-minorplanet_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-minorplanet-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastopol,_Victoria" title="Sebastopol, Victoria">Sebastopol, Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novorossiysk" title="Novorossiysk">Novorossiysk</a> (new planned headquarters of the Black Sea Fleet)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/19px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/29px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/38px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/21px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/42px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Europe" title="Portal:Europe">Europe</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">Севастополь</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="uk-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ukrainian" title="Help:IPA/Ukrainian">[seʋɐˈstɔpolʲ]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1e\/Uk-%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg\/Uk-%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Uk-\u0421\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Uk-%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg/Uk-%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Uk-%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg" title="File:Uk-Севастополь.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Севастополь</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[sʲɪvɐˈstopəlʲ]</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Greek language">Medieval Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Σεβαστούπολις</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Medieval_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Medieval Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Medieval Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Sevastoúpolis</i></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="grc-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[sevasˈtupolis]</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar</a>: <a href="/wiki/Latin_alphabet" title="Latin alphabet">Latin</a>: <i><span title="Crimean Tatar-language text" lang="crh-Latn">Aqyar</span></i>, <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a>: <span title="Crimean Tatar-language text" lang="crh-Cyrl">Акъяр</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="tt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tatar" title="Help:IPA/Tatar">[aqˈjar]</a></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZinets2022" class="citation news cs1">Zinets, Natalia (August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-invites-un-red-cross-experts-probe-ukraine-jail-deaths-2022-07-31/">"Russian strikes kill Ukrainian grain tycoon; drone hits Russian naval base"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russian+strikes+kill+Ukrainian+grain+tycoon%3B+drone+hits+Russian+naval+base&rft.date=2022-08&rft.aulast=Zinets&rft.aufirst=Natalia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Frussia-invites-un-red-cross-experts-probe-ukraine-jail-deaths-2022-07-31%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Dictionary&rft.atitle=definition%3A+meaning%2C+pronunciation+and+origin+of+the+word&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Famerican_english%2FSebastopol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OED-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OED_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121221203004/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Sevastopol">"definition: meaning, pronunciation and origin of the word"</a>. <i>Oxford Dictionary</i>. Oxford University Press. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Sevastopol">the original</a> on 21 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Dictionary&rft.atitle=definition%3A+meaning%2C+pronunciation+and+origin+of+the+word&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2FSevastopol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://leksika.com.ua/19111014/ure/sevastopol">"Sevastopol"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Encyclopedia" title="Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia"><i>The Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">UK</a>: Leksika</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sevastopol&rft.btitle=The+Ukrainian+Soviet+Encyclopedia&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=Leksika&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fleksika.com.ua%2F19111014%2Fure%2Fsevastopol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bse_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bse_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article100495.html"><i>Севастополь (Sevastopol)</i></a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>: <a href="/wiki/Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia" title="Great Soviet Encyclopedia">Great Soviet Encyclopedia</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C+%28Sevastopol%29&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pub=Great+Soviet+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbse.sci-lib.com%2Farticle100495.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sevastopol.info/history/hist_first.htm">"Основание и развитие Севастополя (Osnovaniye i razvitiye Sevastopolya)"</a> [Foundation and development of Sevastopol] (in Russian). Sevastopol.info. 28 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F+%28Osnovaniye+i+razvitiye+Sevastopolya%29&rft.pub=Sevastopol.info&rft.date=2007-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sevastopol.info%2Fhistory%2Fhist_first.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150416183025/http://www.omnilogos.com/2015/01/crimean-war-1853-1856.html">"Crimean War (1853–1856)"</a>. <i>Gale Encyclopedia of World History: War</i>. <b>2</b>. 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omnilogos.com/2015/01/crimean-war-1853-1856.html">the original</a> on 16 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gale+Encyclopedia+of+World+History%3A+War&rft.atitle=Crimean+War+%281853%E2%80%931856%29&rft.volume=2&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omnilogos.com%2F2015%2F01%2Fcrimean-war-1853-1856.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiges2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Figes" title="Orlando Figes">Figes, Orlando</a> (2010). <i>Crimea: The Last Crusade</i>. London: Allen Lane. p. 415. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7139-9704-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7139-9704-0"><bdi>978-0-7139-9704-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crimea%3A+The+Last+Crusade&rft.place=London&rft.pages=415&rft.pub=Allen+Lane&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-7139-9704-0&rft.aulast=Figes&rft.aufirst=Orlando&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPitt1966" class="citation book cs1">Pitt, Barrie (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q94762dwrPsC&q=Axis%2Bforces%252Bsevastopol%2522250%2Bdays%2522"><i>History of the Second World War</i></a>. Vol. 5. Purnell. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1110288057">1110288057</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Second+World+War&rft.pub=Purnell&rft.date=1966&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1110288057&rft.aulast=Pitt&rft.aufirst=Barrie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ94762dwrPsC%26q%3DAxis%252Bforces%25252Bsevastopol%252522250%252Bdays%252522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWillmott2008" class="citation book cs1">Willmott, H. P. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IRIcZeEZB8QC&pg=PT269"><i>The Great Crusade: A New Complete History of the Second World War</i></a>. Potomac Books, Inc. p. 269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61234-387-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61234-387-7"><bdi>978-1-61234-387-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/755581494">755581494</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Crusade%3A+A+New+Complete+History+of+the+Second+World+War&rft.pages=269&rft.pub=Potomac+Books%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F755581494&rft.isbn=978-1-61234-387-7&rft.aulast=Willmott&rft.aufirst=H.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIRIcZeEZB8QC%26pg%3DPT269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall2014" class="citation book cs1">Hall, Michael Clement (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iIuUBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA52"><i>The Crimea. A very short history</i></a>. Lulu.com. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-304-97576-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-304-97576-8"><bdi>978-1-304-97576-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/980143992">980143992</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crimea.+A+very+short+history&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F980143992&rft.isbn=978-1-304-97576-8&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Michael+Clement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiIuUBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ww2aerialreconstudies.com/sevastopol-.html">"WW2 Aerial Reconnaissance Studies - Sevastopol, Balaclava and the Crimea 1942-1943"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180712052743/https://www.ww2aerialreconstudies.com/sevastopol-.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WW2+Aerial+Reconnaissance+Studies+-+Sevastopol%2C+Balaclava+and+the+Crimea+1942-1943&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ww2aerialreconstudies.com%2Fsevastopol-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3QU1AQAAIAAJ&q=sevastopol%2BTheodorichshafen"><i>Trial of the Major War Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, 14 November 1945-1 October 1946: Proceedings</i></a>. Vol. <span class="nowrap">1–</span>42. International Military Tribunal. 1947. p. 168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-404-53650-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-404-53650-6"><bdi>0-404-53650-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Trial+of+the+Major+War+Criminals+Before+the+International+Military+Tribunal%2C+Nuremberg%2C+14+November+1945-1+October+1946%3A+Proceedings&rft.pages=168&rft.pub=International+Military+Tribunal&rft.date=1947&rft.isbn=0-404-53650-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3QU1AQAAIAAJ%26q%3Dsevastopol%252BTheodorichshafen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-myths-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-myths_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-myths_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-myths_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-myths_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141208165334/http://ukrlife.org/main/uacrim/obermif34.htm">"Українське життя в Севастополi Михайло ЛУКІНЮК ОБЕРЕЖНО: МІФИ! Міф про юридичну належність Севастополя Росії"</a> [Ukrainian life in Sevastopol Mykhailo LUKINYUK CAUTION: MYTHS! The myth of the legal affiliation of Sevastopol in Russia]. <i>ukrlife.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukrlife.org/main/uacrim/obermif34.htm">the original</a> on 8 December 2014 – via archive.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ukrlife.org&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5+%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F+%D0%B2+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BBi+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D0%9B%D0%A3%D0%9A%D0%86%D0%9D%D0%AE%D0%9A+%D0%9E%D0%91%D0%95%D0%A0%D0%95%D0%96%D0%9D%D0%9E%3A+%D0%9C%D0%86%D0%A4%D0%98%21+%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%84+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE+%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%83+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%97&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fukrlife.org%2Fmain%2Fuacrim%2Fobermif34.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia" title="Great Soviet Encyclopedia">Great Soviet Encyclopedia</a></i> 1976, Vol.23. p. 104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YavlinskyUkr-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-YavlinskyUkr_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuzio1998" class="citation book cs1">Kuzio, Taras (15 April 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tedMMgz3RV8C&pg=PA44"><i>Contemporary Ukraine</i></a>. 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Sharpe. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7656-3150-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7656-3150-4"><bdi>0-7656-3150-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Ukraine&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=1998-04-15&rft.isbn=0-7656-3150-4&rft.aulast=Kuzio&rft.aufirst=Taras&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtedMMgz3RV8C%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141208203215/http://fleet.sebastopol.ua/articles/POChTI_50_LET_NAZAD._SEVASTOPOL_V_1955_GODU/printable/">"Статьи / газета Флот України: ПОЧТИ 50 ЛЕТ НАЗАД. СЕВАСТОПОЛЬ В 1955 ГОДУ"</a> (in Russian). 8 December 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fleet.sebastopol.ua/articles/POChTI_50_LET_NAZAD._SEVASTOPOL_V_1955_GODU/printable/">the original</a> on 8 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B8+%2F+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%3A+%D0%9F%D0%9E%D0%A7%D0%A2%D0%98+50+%D0%9B%D0%95%D0%A2+%D0%9D%D0%90%D0%97%D0%90%D0%94.+%D0%A1%D0%95%D0%92%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A2%D0%9E%D0%9F%D0%9E%D0%9B%D0%AC+%D0%92+1955+%D0%93%D0%9E%D0%94%D0%A3&rft.date=2014-12-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffleet.sebastopol.ua%2Farticles%2FPOChTI_50_LET_NAZAD._SEVASTOPOL_V_1955_GODU%2Fprintable%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-doyle-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-doyle_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Secession as an International Phenomenon: From America's Civil War to Contemporary Separatist Movements</i> edited by Don Harrison Doyle (page 284)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmemann1993" class="citation cs2">Schmemann, Serge (10 July 1993), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/07/10/world/russian-parliament-votes-a-claim-to-ukrainian-port-of-sevastopol.html">"Russian Parliament Votes a Claim to Russian Port of Sevastopol"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Russian+Parliament+Votes+a+Claim+to+Russian+Port+of+Sevastopol&rft.date=1993-07-10&rft.aulast=Schmemann&rft.aufirst=Serge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F07%2F10%2Fworld%2Frussian-parliament-votes-a-claim-to-ukrainian-port-of-sevastopol.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_E.1998" class="citation book cs1">Glenn E., Curtis (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/97007563"><i>Russia: A Country Study</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. p. xcii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8444-0866-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8444-0866-2"><bdi>0-8444-0866-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36351361">36351361</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russia%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=xcii&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division%2C+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36351361&rft.isbn=0-8444-0866-2&rft.aulast=Glenn+E.&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F97007563&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060117111808/http://english.people.com.cn/200512/28/eng20051228_231329.html">"Review of Ukraine base lease 'fatal,' Russia warns"</a>. <i>People's Daily</i>. Beijing, China. 28 December 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.people.com.cn/200512/28/eng20051228_231329.html">the original</a> on 17 January 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=People%27s+Daily&rft.atitle=Review+of+Ukraine+base+lease+%27fatal%2C%27+Russia+warns&rft.date=2005-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.people.com.cn%2F200512%2F28%2Feng20051228_231329.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOğuz2017" class="citation journal cs1">Oğuz, Şafak (1 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/355595">"Russian Hybrid Warfare and Its Implications in The Black Sea"</a>. <i>Bölgesel Araştırmalar Dergisi</i>. <b>1</b> (1): 10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200711010100/https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/355595">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2020 – via Paperity.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=B%C3%B6lgesel+Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar+Dergisi&rft.atitle=Russian+Hybrid+Warfare+and+Its+Implications+in+The+Black+Sea&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=10&rft.date=2017-05-01&rft.aulast=O%C4%9Fuz&rft.aufirst=%C5%9Eafak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdergipark.org.tr%2Fen%2Fdownload%2Farticle-file%2F355595&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070319203900/http://ua.pravda.com.ua/news/2007/2/21/54793.htm">"Лужков знайшов у серці рану і хоче почувати себе в Криму як вдома"</a> [Luzhkov has found a wound in his heart and wants to feel at home in the Crimea]. <i>pravda.com.ua</i> (in Ukrainian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ua.pravda.com.ua/news/2007/2/21/54793.htm">the original</a> on 19 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pravda.com.ua&rft.atitle=%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D1%83+%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D1%96+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83+%D1%96+%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5+%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83+%D1%8F%D0%BA+%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fua.pravda.com.ua%2Fnews%2F2007%2F2%2F21%2F54793.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080915170100/http://www.kyivpost.com/nation/29585/print">"Calm sea in Sevastopol"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a></i>, 4 September 2009, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/nation/29585/print">the original</a> on 15 September 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Calm+sea+in+Sevastopol&rft.date=2009-09-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fnation%2F29585%2Fprint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120301020957/http://www.kyivpost.com/nation/46037">"Sevastopol authorities asking to raise compensation fees for Russian Black Sea Fleet's basing"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a></i>, 28 July 2009, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/nation/46037">the original</a> on 1 March 2012</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Sevastopol+authorities+asking+to+raise+compensation+fees+for+Russian+Black+Sea+Fleet%27s+basing&rft.date=2009-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fnation%2F46037&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8645847.stm">"Parliamentary chaos as Ukraine ratifies fleet deal"</a>, <i>World</i>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a>: BBC, 27 April 2010</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World&rft.atitle=Parliamentary+chaos+as+Ukraine+ratifies+fleet+deal&rft.date=2010-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F8645847.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/23/ukraine-crisis-secession-russian-crimea">"Ukraine crisis fuels secession calls in pro-Russian south"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 23 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ukraine+crisis+fuels+secession+calls+in+pro-Russian+south&rft.date=2014-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Ffeb%2F23%2Fukraine-crisis-secession-russian-crimea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/20140228-ukraine-crimea-gunmen-airport-simferopol">"Gunmen 'seize control' of airport in Ukraine's Crimea region"</a>. <i>France 24</i>. 28 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=Gunmen+%27seize+control%27+of+airport+in+Ukraine%27s+Crimea+region&rft.date=2014-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20140228-ukraine-crimea-gunmen-airport-simferopol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-31796226">"Putin reveals secrets of Russia's Crimea takeover plot"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 9 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Putin+reveals+secrets+of+Russia%27s+Crimea+takeover+plot&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-31796226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sevsovet-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sevsovet_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140722133147/http://sevsovet.com.ua/index.php/2011-06-30-23-44-03/12395-na-sessii-gorodskogo-soveta-utverzhdeny-rezultaty-obshchekrymskogo-referenduma-16-marta-2014-goda"><bdi lang="ru">На сессии городского Совета утверждены результаты общекрымского референдума 16 марта 2014 года</bdi></a> [Session of the City Council approved the results of the general referendum on March 16, 2014] (in Russian). Official site of the Sevastopol City Council. 17 March 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sevsovet.com.ua/index.php/2011-06-30-23-44-03/12395-na-sessii-gorodskogo-soveta-utverzhdeny-rezultaty-obshchekrymskogo-referenduma-16-marta-2014-goda">the original</a> on 22 July 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0+%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0+16+%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0+2014+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pub=Official+site+of+the+Sevastopol+City+Council&rft.date=2014-03-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsevsovet.com.ua%2Findex.php%2F2011-06-30-23-44-03%2F12395-na-sessii-gorodskogo-soveta-utverzhdeny-rezultaty-obshchekrymskogo-referenduma-16-marta-2014-goda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/cnews-us-ukraine-crisis-idCABREA1Q1E820140316">"Crimeans vote over 90 percent to quit Ukraine for Russia"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 16 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Crimeans+vote+over+90+percent+to+quit+Ukraine+for+Russia&rft.date=2014-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fcnews-us-ukraine-crisis-idCABREA1Q1E820140316&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tass.ru/en/russia/724785">"Putin signs laws on reunification of Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol with Russia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ITAR_TASS" class="mw-redirect" title="ITAR TASS">ITAR TASS</a>. 21 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Putin+signs+laws+on+reunification+of+Republic+of+Crimea+and+Sevastopol+with+Russia&rft.pub=ITAR+TASS&rft.date=2014-03-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Fen%2Frussia%2F724785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140318095051/http://pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?92062"><bdi lang="ru">Распоряжение Президента Российской Федерации от 17 March 2014 No. 63-рп 'О подписании Договора между Российской Федерацией и Республикой Крым о принятии в Российскую Федерацию Республики Крым и образовании в составе Российской Федерации новых субъектов'</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?92062">the original</a> on 18 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D1%82+17+March+2014+No.+63-%D1%80%D0%BF+%27%D0%9E+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%8E+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8E+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpravo.gov.ru%3A8080%2Fpage.aspx%3F92062&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor_&_Francis2020" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a> (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3xbUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT161">"Republic of Crimea"</a>. <i>The Territories of the Russian Federation 2020</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-003-00706-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-003-00706-7"><bdi>978-1-003-00706-7</bdi></a>. <q>Note: The territories of the Crimean peninsula, comprising Sevastopol City and the Republic of Crimea, remained internationally recognised as constituting part of Ukraine, following their annexation by Russia in March 2014.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Republic+of+Crimea&rft.btitle=The+Territories+of+the+Russian+Federation+2020&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-003-00706-7&rft.au=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3xbUDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26415508">"Does Russia have a case?"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 5 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Does+Russia+have+a+case%3F&rft.date=2014-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-26415508&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wbez.org/stories/russia-takes-de-facto-control-of-ukraines-crimea-region/a93ce953-d445-4081-bc8a-1ad832c0a43f">"Russia takes defacto control of Ukraine's Crimea region"</a>. 3 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia+takes+defacto+control+of+Ukraine%27s+Crimea+region&rft.date=2014-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbez.org%2Fstories%2Frussia-takes-de-facto-control-of-ukraines-crimea-region%2Fa93ce953-d445-4081-bc8a-1ad832c0a43f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marshallcenter.org/en/publications/security-insights/strategic-culture-and-geography-russias-southern-seas-after-crimea-0">"Russia's southern seas after Crimea"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia%27s+southern+seas+after+Crimea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marshallcenter.org%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fsecurity-insights%2Fstrategic-culture-and-geography-russias-southern-seas-after-crimea-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-meteoweb-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-meteoweb_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meteoweb.ru/cl006.php">"The duration of sunshine in some cities of the former USSR"</a> (in Russian). Meteoweb<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+duration+of+sunshine+in+some+cities+of+the+former+USSR&rft.pub=Meteoweb&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeteoweb.ru%2Fcl006.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Погода_и_Климат-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Погода_и_Климат_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/summary/33991.htm">"Sevastopol Climate Summary"</a>. pogodaiklimat.ru<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sevastopol+Climate+Summary&rft.pub=pogodaiklimat.ru&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pogodaiklimat.ru%2Fsummary%2F33991.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140211231807/http://sev.gov.ua/en/administr/">"The City State Administration"</a>. Sevastopol City State Administration. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sev.gov.ua/en/administr/">the original</a> on 11 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+City+State+Administration&rft.pub=Sevastopol+City+State+Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsev.gov.ua%2Fen%2Fadministr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220161219/https://sevzakon.ru/view/laws/bank/14402/zakon_n_292_zs_ot_29_11_2016/19627/">"Закон города Севастополя от 29 ноября 2016 года № 292-ЗС "О внесении изменений в Устав города Севастополя"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>sevzakon.ru</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sevzakon.ru/view/laws/bank/14402/zakon_n_292_zs_ot_29_11_2016/19627/">the original</a> on 20 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sevzakon.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%82+29+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F+2016+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%E2%84%96+292-%D0%97%D0%A1+%22%D0%9E+%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B2+%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsevzakon.ru%2Fview%2Flaws%2Fbank%2F14402%2Fzakon_n_292_zs_ot_29_11_2016%2F19627%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/25/ukraine-sevastopol-installs-pro-russian-mayor">"Ukraine: Sevastopol installs pro-Russian mayor as separatism fears grow"</a>. The Guardian. 25 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine%3A+Sevastopol+installs+pro-Russian+mayor+as+separatism+fears+grow&rft.date=2014-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Ffeb%2F25%2Fukraine-sevastopol-installs-pro-russian-mayor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/sevastopol-city-council-refuses-to-recognize-kyiv-leadership-338124.html">"Sevastopol City Council refuses to recognize Kyiv leadership"</a>. Kyiv Post. 2 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sevastopol+City+Council+refuses+to+recognize+Kyiv+leadership&rft.date=2014-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fcontent%2Fukraine%2Fsevastopol-city-council-refuses-to-recognize-kyiv-leadership-338124.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Stroitel</i>, Tradekey.com</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stroitel&rft.pub=Tradekey.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span> See https://www.tradekey.com/company/Stroitel-1284650.html</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fas-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fas_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fas.org/nuke/guide/russia/industry/sevmorverf.htm">"Sevmorverf (Sevastopol Shipyard)"</a>. Federation of American Scientists. 24 August 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sevmorverf+%28Sevastopol+Shipyard%29&rft.pub=Federation+of+American+Scientists&rft.date=2000-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.org%2Fnuke%2Fguide%2Frussia%2Findustry%2Fsevmorverf.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/">"Всеукраїнський перепис населення 2001 | English version | Results | General results of the census | National composition of population"</a>. 2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F+2001+%26%23124%3B+English+version+%26%23124%3B+Results+%26%23124%3B+General+results+of+the+census+%26%23124%3B+National+composition+of+population&rft.pub=2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua%2Feng%2Fresults%2Fgeneral%2Fnationality%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/Sevastopol/">"2001 Ukrainian census"</a>. Ukrcensus.gov.ua<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2001+Ukrainian+census&rft.pub=Ukrcensus.gov.ua&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua%2Feng%2Fresults%2Fgeneral%2Fnationality%2FSevastopol%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rosstat-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rosstat_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rosstat_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13207">"Демографический ежегодник России"</a> [The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service of Russia</a> (Rosstat)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service+of+Russia+%28Rosstat%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosstat.gov.ru%2Ffolder%2F210%2Fdocument%2F13207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uiiss-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uiiss_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uiiss_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220220124657/https://www.fedstat.ru/indicator/31293">"Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни при рождении"</a> [Life expectancy at birth]. <i>Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System of Russia</i> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fedstat.ru/indicator/31293">the original</a> on 20 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Unified+Interdepartmental+Information+and+Statistical+System+of+Russia&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fedstat.ru%2Findicator%2F31293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=82259">"Balaklava Bayfront Plaza, Sevastopol"</a>. SkyscraperPage.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Balaklava+Bayfront+Plaza%2C+Sevastopol&rft.pub=SkyscraperPage.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskyscraperpage.com%2Fcities%2F%3FbuildingID%3D82259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sq.com.ua/rus/news/obschestvo/23.08.2014/v_harkove_poyavitsya_pamyatnik_sagajdachnomu/">"В Харькове появится памятник Сагайдачному"</a>. <i>Status Quo</i> (in Russian). 13 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Status+Quo&rft.atitle=%D0%92+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83&rft.date=2023-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sq.com.ua%2Frus%2Fnews%2Fobschestvo%2F23.08.2014%2Fv_harkove_poyavitsya_pamyatnik_sagajdachnomu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-minorplanet-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-minorplanet_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmadel2003" class="citation book cs1">Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VoJ5nUyIzCsC&pg=PA172"><i>Dictionary of Minor Planet Names</i></a> (5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-540-00238-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-540-00238-3"><bdi>3-540-00238-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Minor+Planet+Names&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=172&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Springer+Verlag&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=3-540-00238-3&rft.aulast=Schmadel&rft.aufirst=Lutz+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVoJ5nUyIzCsC%26pg%3DPA172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Sevastopol</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sevastopol" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Sevastopol">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Sevastopol" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Sevastopol">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sevastopol" class="extiw" title="voy:Sevastopol">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7525" class="extiw" title="d:Q7525">Data</a> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Sevastopol"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Sevastopol">"Sevastopol" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 707.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sevastopol&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=707&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASevastopol" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sevastopol.gov.ru/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> (Russian administration)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/*/http://www.sev.gov.ua/en/">Official website</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archive index) (Ukrainian administration)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=44.588699,33.524780&spn=0.236457,0.468361&t=k">Satellite picture by Google Maps</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yadvashem.org/untoldstories/database/index.asp?cid=623">The murder of the Jews of Sevastopol</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a> website.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Administrative_divisions_of_Sevastopol260" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sevastopol" title="Template:Sevastopol"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sevastopol" title="Template talk:Sevastopol"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sevastopol" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sevastopol"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Administrative_divisions_of_Sevastopol260" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Administrative divisions of Ukraine">Administrative divisions</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Administrative_centre" title="Administrative centre">Administrative center</a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Raions_of_Ukraine" title="Raions of Ukraine">Raions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balaklavsky_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Balaklavsky District">Balaklavskiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagarinsky_District,_Sevastopol" title="Gagarinsky District, Sevastopol">Gagarinskiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninsky_District,_Sevastopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Leninsky District, Sevastopol">Leninskiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhimovsky_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Nakhimovsky District">Nakhimovskiy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COA_of_Sevastopol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Sevastopol"><img alt="Coat of arms of Sevastopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/COA_of_Sevastopol.svg/40px-COA_of_Sevastopol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/COA_of_Sevastopol.svg/60px-COA_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/COA_of_Sevastopol.svg/80px-COA_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="372" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hromadas_of_Ukraine" title="List of hromadas of Ukraine">Hromadas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ukraine" title="List of cities in Ukraine">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inkerman" title="Inkerman">Inkerman</a> (<i>de facto</i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine943" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Administrative divisions of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Administrative divisions of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative divisions of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine943" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Administrative divisions of Ukraine">Administrative divisions of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Ukraine" title="Oblasts of Ukraine">Oblasts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherkasy_Oblast" title="Cherkasy Oblast">Cherkasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_Oblast" title="Chernihiv Oblast">Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernivtsi_Oblast" title="Chernivtsi Oblast">Chernivtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipropetrovsk_Oblast" title="Dnipropetrovsk Oblast">Dnipropetrovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_Oblast" title="Donetsk Oblast">Donetsk</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk_Oblast" title="Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Oblast" title="Kharkiv Oblast">Kharkiv</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast" title="Kherson Oblast">Kherson</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi_Oblast" title="Khmelnytskyi Oblast">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirovohrad_Oblast" title="Kirovohrad Oblast">Kirovohrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Oblast" title="Kyiv Oblast">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast" title="Luhansk Oblast">Luhansk</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_Oblast" title="Lviv Oblast">Lviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_Oblast" title="Mykolaiv Oblast">Mykolaiv</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa_Oblast" title="Odesa Oblast">Odesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poltava_Oblast" title="Poltava Oblast">Poltava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne_Oblast" title="Rivne Oblast">Rivne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumy_Oblast" title="Sumy Oblast">Sumy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternopil_Oblast" title="Ternopil Oblast">Ternopil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia_Oblast" title="Vinnytsia Oblast">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volyn_Oblast" title="Volyn Oblast">Volyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakarpattia_Oblast" title="Zakarpattia Oblast">Zakarpattia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporizhzhia</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr_Oblast" title="Zhytomyr Oblast">Zhytomyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">Cities with special status</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republics_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous republics of Ukraine">Autonomous republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Crimea</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administrative centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherkasy" title="Cherkasy">Cherkasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv" title="Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernivtsi" title="Chernivtsi">Chernivtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro" title="Dnipro">Dnipro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a><sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Kramatorsk" title="Kramatorsk">Kramatorsk</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk" title="Ivano-Frankivsk">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi" title="Khmelnytskyi">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kropyvnytskyi" title="Kropyvnytskyi">Kropyvnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk" title="Luhansk">Luhansk</a><sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Sievierodonetsk" title="Sievierodonetsk">Sievierodonetsk</a><sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutsk" title="Lutsk">Lutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv" title="Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poltava" title="Poltava">Poltava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne" title="Rivne">Rivne</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumy" title="Sumy">Sumy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzhhorod" title="Uzhhorod">Uzhhorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia" title="Vinnytsia">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia" title="Zaporizhzhia">Zaporizhzhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr" title="Zhytomyr">Zhytomyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup>Claimed and controlled by <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republic</a> of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Crimea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal City</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a> <br /> <sup>2</sup>Claimed and partially controlled by Russia as the <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a> <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk People's Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lugansk_People%27s_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lugansk People's Republic">Lugansk People's Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Oblast_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaporizhzhia Oblast (Russia)">Zaporozhye</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kherson Oblast (Russia)">Kherson</a> <a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">oblasts</a><br /> <sup>3</sup> Partially claimed and partially controlled by Russia as a part of <a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kherson Oblast (Russia)">Kherson</a> <a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">oblast</a><br /> <sup>4</sup>Partially controlled by Russia, but not claimed as its part</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Subdivisions_of_Russia56" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subdivisions_of_Russia" title="Template:Subdivisions of Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Subdivisions_of_Russia" title="Template talk:Subdivisions of Russia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions_of_Russia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions of Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Subdivisions_of_Russia56" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Russia" title="Political divisions of Russia">Subdivisions of Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Federal_subjects3111"><b><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Federal subjects</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">Oblasts</a> (48)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur_Oblast" title="Amur Oblast">Amur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Oblast" title="Astrakhan Oblast">Astrakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgorod_Oblast" title="Belgorod Oblast">Belgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryansk_Oblast" title="Bryansk Oblast">Bryansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_Oblast" title="Chelyabinsk Oblast">Chelyabinsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo_Oblast" title="Ivanovo Oblast">Ivanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Kaliningrad Oblast">Kaliningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaluga_Oblast" title="Kaluga Oblast">Kaluga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemerovo_Oblast" title="Kemerovo Oblast">Kemerovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kherson_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast">Kherson</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostroma_Oblast" title="Kostroma Oblast">Kostroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurgan_Oblast" title="Kurgan Oblast">Kurgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kursk_Oblast" title="Kursk Oblast">Kursk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk_Oblast" title="Lipetsk Oblast">Lipetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadan_Oblast" title="Magadan Oblast">Magadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murmansk_Oblast" title="Murmansk Oblast">Murmansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast">Nizhny Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novgorod_Oblast" title="Novgorod Oblast">Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk_Oblast" title="Novosibirsk Oblast">Novosibirsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omsk_Oblast" title="Omsk Oblast">Omsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenburg_Oblast" title="Orenburg Oblast">Orenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oryol_Oblast" title="Oryol Oblast">Oryol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penza_Oblast" title="Penza Oblast">Penza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pskov_Oblast" title="Pskov Oblast">Pskov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rostov_Oblast" title="Rostov Oblast">Rostov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryazan_Oblast" title="Ryazan Oblast">Ryazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Oblast" title="Sakhalin Oblast">Sakhalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samara_Oblast" title="Samara Oblast">Samara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratov_Oblast" title="Saratov Oblast">Saratov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolensk_Oblast" title="Smolensk Oblast">Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverdlovsk_Oblast" title="Sverdlovsk Oblast">Sverdlovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambov_Oblast" title="Tambov Oblast">Tambov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomsk_Oblast" title="Tomsk Oblast">Tomsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tula_Oblast" title="Tula Oblast">Tula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tver_Oblast" title="Tver Oblast">Tver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk_Oblast" title="Ulyanovsk Oblast">Ulyanovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Oblast" title="Vladimir Oblast">Vladimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volgograd_Oblast" title="Volgograd Oblast">Volgograd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vologda_Oblast" title="Vologda Oblast">Vologda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_Oblast" title="Voronezh Oblast">Voronezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl_Oblast" title="Yaroslavl Oblast">Yaroslavl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporozhye</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a> (24)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adygea" title="Adygea">Adygea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Republic" title="Altai Republic">Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkortostan" title="Bashkortostan">Bashkortostan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia">Buryatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuvashia" title="Chuvashia">Chuvashia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Crimea</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Ingushetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Kabardino-Balkaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachay-Cherkessia" title="Karachay-Cherkessia">Karachay-Cherkessia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Karelia" title="Republic of Karelia">Karelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khakassia" title="Khakassia">Khakassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_Republic" title="Komi Republic">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El">Mari El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordovia" title="Mordovia">Mordovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="North Ossetia–Alania">North Ossetia–Alania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakha_Republic" title="Sakha Republic">Sakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurtia" title="Udmurtia">Udmurtia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a> (9)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Krai" title="Altai Krai">Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_Krai" title="Kamchatka Krai">Kamchatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk_Krai" title="Khabarovsk Krai">Khabarovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai" title="Krasnodar Krai">Krasnodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnoyarsk_Krai" title="Krasnoyarsk Krai">Krasnoyarsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perm_Krai" title="Perm Krai">Perm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primorsky_Krai" title="Primorsky Krai">Primorsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Zabaykalsky Krai">Zabaykalsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a> (4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chukotka_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Chukotka Autonomous Okrug">Chukotka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanty-Mansi_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug">Khanty-Mansi</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Nenets</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Yamalo-Nenets</a><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal cities</a> (3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia#Types" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Autonomous oblast</a> (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast" title="Jewish Autonomous Oblast">Jewish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup>Considered by most of the international community to be part of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><sup>2</sup>Administratively subordinated to <a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen Oblast</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><sup>3</sup>Administratively subordinated to <a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk Oblast</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Non-constitutional_official_divisions_by_various_institutions453"><b>Non-constitutional official divisions by various institutions</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_districts_of_Russia" title="Federal districts of Russia">Federal districts</a> (by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">Economic regions</a> (by <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economic_Development_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Economic Development (Russia)">Ministry of Economic Development</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_districts_of_Russia" title="Military districts of Russia">Military districts</a> (by <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_districts_of_Russia" title="Judicial districts of Russia">Judicial districts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories937" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template talk:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories937" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitals of European states and territories</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Capitals of <a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">dependent territories</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">states whose sovereignty is disputed</a> shown in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></b>, Netherlands<sup>1</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Andorra_la_Vella" title="Andorra la Vella">Andorra la Vella</a></b>, Andorra</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a></b>, Turkey<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a></b>, Kazakhstan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></b>, Greece</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a></b>, Azerbaijan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a></b>, Serbia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b>, Germany</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a></b>, Switzerland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a></b>, Slovakia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></b>, Belgium<sup>3</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a></b>, Romania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></b>, Hungary</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Chișinău">Chișinău</a></b>, Moldova</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></b>, Denmark</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></b>, Ireland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></b>, Finland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></b>, Ukraine</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></b>, Portugal</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a></b>, Slovenia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b>, United Kingdom</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg</a></b>, Luxembourg</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b>, Spain</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a></b>, Belarus</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></b><sup>5</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b>, Russia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a></b>, Cyprus<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></b>, Norway</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></b>, France</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a></b>, Montenegro</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></b>, Czech Republic</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></b>, Iceland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></b>, Latvia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></b>, Italy</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_San_Marino" title="City of San Marino">San Marino</a></b>, San Marino</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b>, Bosnia and Herzegovina</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a></b>, North Macedonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a></b>, Bulgaria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></b>, Sweden</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></b>, Estonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a></b>, Georgia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a></b>, Albania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vaduz" title="Vaduz">Vaduz</a></b>, Liechtenstein</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></b>, Malta</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></b><sup>4</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b>, Austria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></b>, Lithuania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></b>, Poland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a></b>, Armenia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></b>, Croatia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with<br />limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a></b>, Northern Cyprus</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a></b>, Kosovo</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sokhumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokhumi">Sokhumi</a></b>, Abkhazia</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a></b>, Transnistria</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tskhinvali" title="Tskhinvali">Tskhinvali</a></b>, South Ossetia</i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b></i>, England</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></b></i>, Scotland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></b></i>, Wales</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a></b></i>, Northern Ireland</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">Overseas Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Isle_of_Man" title="Douglas, Isle of Man">Douglas</a></b></i>, Isle of Man</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Episkopi_Cantonment" title="Episkopi Cantonment">Episkopi Cantonment</a></b></i>, Akrotiri and Dhekelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></b></i>, Gibraltar</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St_Helier" title="St Helier">St Helier</a></b></i>, Jersey</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_Port" title="Saint Peter Port">Saint Peter Port</a></b></i>, Guernsey</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Longyearbyen" title="Longyearbyen">Longyearbyen</a></b>, Svalbard (Norway)</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3rshavn" title="Tórshavn">Tórshavn</a></b>, Faroe Islands (Denmark)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of Austria">Austria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bregenz" title="Bregenz">Bregenz</a></b></i>, Vorarlberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Eisenstadt</a></b></i>, Burgenland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></b></i>, Styria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a></b></i>, Tyrol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a></b></i>, Carinthia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></b></i>, Upper Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a></b></i>, Salzburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sankt_P%C3%B6lten" title="Sankt Pölten">Sankt Pölten</a></b></i>, Lower Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b></i>, Vienna</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Flemish Community and French Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eupen" title="Eupen">Eupen</a></b></i>, German-speaking Community</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Regions" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Brussels-Capital Region and Flanders</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Namur" title="Namur">Namur</a></b></i>, Wallonia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a></b></i> (de facto), Republika Srpska</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko" title="Brčko">Brčko</a></b></i>, Brčko District</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b></i>, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b></i>, Berlin</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a></b></i>, Bremen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a></b></i>, Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a></b></i>, North Rhine-Westphalia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a></b></i>, Thuringia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></b></i>, Hamburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a></b></i>, Lower Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a></b></i>, Schleswig-Holstein</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></b></i>, Saxony-Anhalt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a></b></i>, Rhineland-Palatinate</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></b></i>, Bavaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a></b></i>, Brandenburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a></b></i>, Saarland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwerin" title="Schwerin">Schwerin</a></b></i>, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></b></i>, Baden-Württemberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a></b></i>, Hesse</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cheboksary" title="Cheboksary">Cheboksary</a></b></i>, Chuvashia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cherkessk" title="Cherkessk">Cherkessk</a></b></i>, Karachay-Cherkessia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Elista" title="Elista">Elista</a></b></i>, Kalmykia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a></b></i>, Chechnya</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Izhevsk" title="Izhevsk">Izhevsk</a></b></i>, Udmurtia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a></b></i>, Tatarstan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magas,_Russia" title="Magas, Russia">Magas</a></b></i>, Ingushetia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></b></i>, Dagestan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Maykop" title="Maykop">Maykop</a></b></i>, Adygea</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a></b></i>, Kabardino-Balkaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a></b></i>, Karelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saransk" title="Saransk">Saransk</a></b></i>, Mordovia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Syktyvkar" title="Syktyvkar">Syktyvkar</a></b></i>, Komi</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ufa" title="Ufa">Ufa</a></b></i>, Bashkortostan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz">Vladikavkaz</a></b></i>, North Ossetia–Alania</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yoshkar-Ola" title="Yoshkar-Ola">Yoshkar-Ola</a></b></i>, Mari El</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Naryan-Mar" title="Naryan-Mar">Naryan-Mar</a></b></i>, Nenets</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar" title="Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a></b></i>, Krasnodar Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Perm,_Russia" title="Perm, Russia">Perm</a></b></i>, Perm Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stavropol" title="Stavropol">Stavropol</a></b></i>, Stavropol Krai</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">Oblasts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk" title="Arkhangelsk">Arkhangelsk</a></b></i>, Arkhangelsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a></b></i>, Astrakhan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belgorod" title="Belgorod">Belgorod</a></b></i>, Belgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bryansk" title="Bryansk">Bryansk</a></b></i>, Bryansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo" title="Ivanovo">Ivanovo</a></b></i>, Ivanovo Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a></b></i>, Kaliningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaluga" title="Kaluga">Kaluga</a></b></i>, Kaluga Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kirov,_Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov, Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></b></i>, Kirov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma">Kostroma</a></b></i>, Kostroma Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnogorsk,_Moscow_Oblast" title="Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast">Krasnogorsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i>, Moscow Oblast (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a></b></i>, Kursk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk" title="Lipetsk">Lipetsk</a></b></i>, Lipetsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansk</a></b></i>, Murmansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a></b></i>, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a></b></i>, Orenburg Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oryol" title="Oryol">Oryol</a></b></i>, Oryol Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Penza" title="Penza">Penza</a></b></i>, Penza Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a></b></i>, Pskov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a></b></i>, Rostov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ryazan" title="Ryazan">Ryazan</a></b></i>, Ryazan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gatchina" title="Gatchina">Gatchina</a></b></i>, Leningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Samara" title="Samara">Samara</a></b></i>, Samara Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saratov" title="Saratov">Saratov</a></b></i>, Saratov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Smolensk" title="Smolensk">Smolensk</a></b></i>, Smolensk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tambov" title="Tambov">Tambov</a></b></i>, Tambov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tula,_Russia" title="Tula, Russia">Tula</a></b></i>, Tula Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tver" title="Tver">Tver</a></b></i>, Tver Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk" title="Ulyanovsk">Ulyanovsk</a></b></i>, Ulyanovsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Veliky Novgorod</a></b></i>, Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir,_Russia" title="Vladimir, Russia">Vladimir</a></b></i>, Vladimir Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a></b></i>, Volgograd Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vologda" title="Vologda">Vologda</a></b></i>, Vologda Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Voronezh" title="Voronezh">Voronezh</a></b></i>, Voronezh Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a></b></i>, Yaroslavl Oblast</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a></b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aarau" title="Aarau">Aarau</a></b></i>, Aargau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Altdorf,_Uri" title="Altdorf, Uri">Altdorf</a></b></i>, Uri</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Appenzell_(village)" title="Appenzell (village)">Appenzell</a></b></i>, Appenzell Innerrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a></b></i>, Basel-Stadt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bellinzona" title="Bellinzona">Bellinzona</a></b></i>, Ticino</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Chur" title="Chur">Chur</a></b></i>, Grisons</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Del%C3%A9mont" title="Delémont">Delémont</a></b></i>, Jura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Frauenfeld" title="Frauenfeld">Frauenfeld</a></b></i>, Thurgau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Fribourg" title="Fribourg">Fribourg</a></b></i>, Canton of Fribourg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a></b></i>, Canton of Geneva</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Herisau" title="Herisau">Herisau</a></b></i>, Appenzell Ausserrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a></b></i>, Vaud</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Liestal" title="Liestal">Liestal</a></b></i>, Basel-Landschaft</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a></b></i>, Canton of Lucerne</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Neuch%C3%A2tel" title="Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></b></i>, Canton of Neuchâtel</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarnen" title="Sarnen">Sarnen</a></b></i>, Obwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schaffhausen" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a></b></i>, Canton of Schaffhausen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwyz" title="Schwyz">Schwyz</a></b></i>, Canton of Schwyz</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sion,_Switzerland" title="Sion, Switzerland">Sion</a></b></i>, Valais</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Solothurn" title="Solothurn">Solothurn</a></b></i>, Canton of Solothurn</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stans" title="Stans">Stans</a></b></i>, Nidwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St._Gallen" title="St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></b></i>, Canton of St. Gallen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Glarus" title="Glarus">Glarus</a></b></i>, Canton of Glarus</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zug" title="Zug">Zug</a></b></i>, Canton of Zug</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zurich" title="Zurich">Zurich</a></b></i>, Canton of Zürich</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomous<br />entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions79" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy#Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" title="Regions of Italy">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a></b></i>, Sardinia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a></b></i>, Sicily</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a></b></i>, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aosta" title="Aosta">Aosta</a></b></i>, Aosta Valley</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></b></i>, Friuli Venezia Giulia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions53" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous regions of Portugal">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ponta_Delgada" title="Ponta Delgada">Ponta Delgada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angra_do_Hero%C3%ADsmo" title="Angra do Heroísmo">Angra do Heroísmo</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Horta,_Azores" title="Horta, Azores">Horta</a></b></i>, Azores</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Funchal" title="Funchal">Funchal</a></b></i>, Madeira</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></b></i>, Catalonia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a></b></i> & <i><b><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></b></i>, Canary Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Logro%C3%B1o" title="Logroño">Logroño</a></b></i>, La Rioja</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b></i>, Community of Madrid</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Spain" title="Mérida, Spain">Mérida</a></b></i>, Extremadura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murcia" title="Murcia">Murcia</a></b></i>, Region of Murcia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oviedo" title="Oviedo">Oviedo</a></b></i>, Asturias</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palma_de_Mallorca" title="Palma de Mallorca">Palma de Mallorca</a></b></i>, Balearic Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pamplona" title="Pamplona">Pamplona</a></b></i>, Navarre</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santander,_Spain" title="Santander, Spain">Santander</a></b></i>, Cantabria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></b></i>, Galicia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a></b></i>, Andalusia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a></b></i>, Castilla–La Mancha (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></b></i>, Valencian Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a></b></i>, Castile and León (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></b></i>, Basque Country (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zaragoza" title="Zaragoza">Zaragoza</a></b></i>, Aragon</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ajaccio" title="Ajaccio">Ajaccio</a></b></i>, Corsica Collectivité (France)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Batumi</a></b></i>, Adjara (Georgia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Comrat" title="Comrat">Comrat</a></b></i>, Gagauzia (Moldova)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Karyes,_Mount_Athos" title="Karyes, Mount Athos">Karyes</a></b></i>, Mount Athos (Greece)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mariehamn" title="Mariehamn">Mariehamn</a></b></i>, Åland Islands (Finland)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_(city)" title="Nakhchivan (city)">Nakhchivan</a></b></i>, Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></b></i>, Vojvodina (Serbia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (Ukraine)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Also the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Continental placement may vary <a href="/wiki/Boundaries_between_the_continents_of_Earth#Asia_and_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boundaries between the continents of Earth">depending on geographic convention</a> being followed</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Also the seat of the European Union, see <a href="/wiki/Institutional_seats_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutional seats of the European Union">Institutional seats of the European Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brussels_and_the_European_Union" title="Brussels and the European Union">Brussels and the European Union</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>4</sup></span> A city-state</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization32" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization" title="Template:Catherinian pseudo-Hellenization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization" title="Template talk:Catherinian pseudo-Hellenization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catherinian pseudo-Hellenization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Catherinian pseudo-Hellenization</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ovidiopol" title="Ovidiopol">Ovidiopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol" title="Mariupol">Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melitopol" title="Melitopol">Melitopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigoriopol" title="Grigoriopol">Grigoriopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olhopil,_Vinnytsia_Oblast" title="Olhopil, Vinnytsia Oblast">Olgopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervomaisk,_Mykolaiv_Oblast" title="Pervomaisk, Mykolaiv Oblast">Olviopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikopol,_Ukraine" title="Nikopol, Ukraine">Nikopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodosia" title="Feodosia">Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria" title="Yevpatoria">Yevpatoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavropol" title="Stavropol">Stavropol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_in_Ukraine353" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_in_Ukraine" title="Template:Cities in Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_in_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Cities in Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_in_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities in Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_in_Ukraine353" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ukraine" title="List of cities in Ukraine">Cities in Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">City with special status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_regional_significance_(Ukraine)" title="City of regional significance (Ukraine)">City of regional significance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_district_significance_(Ukraine)" title="City of district significance (Ukraine)">City of district significance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro" title="Dnipro">Dnipro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odesa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000-1,000,000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia" title="Zaporizhzhia">Zaporizhzhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih" title="Kryvyi Rih">Kryvyi Rih</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000-500,000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv" title="Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariupol" title="Mariupol">Mariupol</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luhansk" title="Luhansk">Luhansk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Makiivka" title="Makiivka">Makiivka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia" title="Vinnytsia">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poltava" title="Poltava">Poltava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv" title="Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherkasy" title="Cherkasy">Cherkasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumy" title="Sumy">Sumy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horlivka" title="Horlivka">Horlivka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr" title="Zhytomyr">Zhytomyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamianske,_Kamianske_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamianske, Kamianske Raion">Kamianske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kropyvnytskyi" title="Kropyvnytskyi">Kropyvnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi" title="Khmelnytskyi">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne" title="Rivne">Rivne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernivtsi" title="Chernivtsi">Chernivtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremenchuk" title="Kremenchuk">Kremenchuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk" title="Ivano-Frankivsk">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutsk" title="Lutsk">Lutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bila_Tserkva" title="Bila Tserkva">Bila Tserkva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000-200,000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kramatorsk" title="Kramatorsk">Kramatorsk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melitopol" title="Melitopol">Melitopol</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kerch" title="Kerch">Kerch</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikopol,_Ukraine" title="Nikopol, Ukraine">Nikopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloviansk" title="Sloviansk">Sloviansk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Berdiansk" title="Berdiansk">Berdiansk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sievierodonetsk" title="Sievierodonetsk">Sievierodonetsk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alchevsk" title="Alchevsk">Alchevsk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlohrad" title="Pavlohrad">Pavlohrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzhhorod" title="Uzhhorod">Uzhhorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brovary" title="Brovary">Brovary</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria" title="Yevpatoria">Yevpatoria</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Cities located in <a href="/wiki/Russian-occupied_territories_of_Ukraine" title="Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine">Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hero_Cities_of_the_Soviet_Union64" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hero_Cities_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Template:Hero Cities of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hero_Cities_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Template talk:Hero Cities of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hero_Cities_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hero Cities of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hero_Cities_of_the_Soviet_Union64" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hero_City_(Soviet_Union)" title="Hero City (Soviet Union)">Hero Cities</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Leningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odessa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Stalingrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brest_Fortress" title="Brest Fortress">Brest Fortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch" title="Kerch">Kerch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novorossiysk" title="Novorossiysk">Novorossiysk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tula,_Russia" title="Tula, Russia">Tula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolensk" title="Smolensk">Smolensk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hero_Cities_of_Ukraine108" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hero_Cities_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Hero Cities of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hero_Cities_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Hero Cities of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hero_Cities_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hero Cities of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hero_Cities_of_Ukraine108" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hero_City_of_Ukraine" title="Hero City of Ukraine">Hero Cities of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerch" title="Kerch">Kerch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odesa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awarded by independent Ukraine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bucha,_Ukraine" title="Bucha, Ukraine">Bucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv" title="Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostomel" title="Hostomel">Hostomel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irpin" title="Irpin">Irpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol" title="Mariupol">Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv" title="Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okhtyrka" title="Okhtyrka">Okhtyrka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volnovakha" title="Volnovakha">Volnovakha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation141" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Template:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Template talk:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation141" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Timeline of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">International reaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_units_in_the_2014_Crimean_crisis" title="List of military units in the 2014 Crimean crisis">List of military units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">International sanctions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_sanctioned_during_the_Ukrainian_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people sanctioned during the Ukrainian crisis">List of sanctioned individuals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_that_applied_sanctions_during_the_Crimean_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies that applied sanctions during the Crimean crisis">List of companies that applied sanctions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" title="2014 anti-war protests in Russia">2014 anti-war protests in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaction_of_Russian_intelligentsia_to_the_2014_annexation_of_Crimea" title="Reaction of Russian intelligentsia to the 2014 annexation of Crimea">Reaction of Russian intelligentsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Crimean_status_referendum" title="2014 Crimean status referendum">2014 Crimean status referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_68/262" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262">UN General Assembly Resolution 68/262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Crimea">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Republic of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Constitution of the Republic of Crimea">2014 Constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">Political status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Federal_District" title="Crimean Federal District">Crimean Federal District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_Russian_occupation_of_Crimea" title="Environmental impact of the Russian occupation of Crimea">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_speech_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin">Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_%22For_the_Return_of_Crimea%22" title="Medal "For the Return of Crimea"">Medal "For the Return of Crimea"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Crimean_Parliament" title="Capture of the Crimean Parliament">Capture of the Crimean Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Southern_Naval_Base" title="Capture of Southern Naval Base">Capture of Southern Naval Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Simferopol_incident" title="2014 Simferopol incident">2014 Simferopol incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Crimea" title="History of Crimea">History of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Empire">1783 annexation by Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_People%27s_Republic" title="Crimean People's Republic">Crimean People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">1921–1945 Crimean ASSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_the_Crimean_Tatars" title="Deportation of the Crimean Tatars">1944 deportation of the Crimean Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Oblast">1945–1991 Crimean Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_transfer_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 transfer of Crimea">1954 transfer of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%931992_Crimean_ASSR" class="mw-redirect" title="1991–1992 Crimean ASSR">1991–1992 Crimean ASSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(1992_to_1995)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Crimea (1992 to 1995)">Republic of Crimea (1992 to 1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_constitution_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 constitution of Crimea">1992 constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet_dispute" title="Black Sea Fleet dispute">Black Sea Fleet dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea (since 1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Crimea" title="President of Crimea">1994–1995 President of Crimea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Meshkov" title="Yuriy Meshkov">Yuriy Meshkov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum" title="Budapest Memorandum">1994 Budapest Memorandum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_Treaty_on_the_Status_and_Conditions_of_the_Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Partition Treaty on the Status and Conditions of the Black Sea Fleet">1997 Partition Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Constitution_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1998 Constitution of Crimea">1998 Constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Tuzla_Island_conflict" title="2003 Tuzla Island conflict">2003 Tuzla Island conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_anti-NATO_protests_in_Feodosia" title="2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia">2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Pact" title="Kharkiv Pact">2010 Kharkiv Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_policy_in_Ukraine#Bill_"On_the_principles_of_the_State_language_policy"" title="Language policy in Ukraine">2012 law on languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">2013–2014 Euromaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_G7_summit" title="40th G7 summit">40th G7 summit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_International_Airport" title="Simferopol International Airport">Simferopol Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_of_the_Supreme_Council_of_Crimea" title="Building of the Supreme Council of Crimea">Building of the Supreme Council of Crimea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sevastopol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_International_Airport" title="Sevastopol International Airport">Belbek Airport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Bridge" title="Crimean Bridge">Crimean Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donuzlav" title="Donuzlav">Donuzlav</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Russian_cruiser_Ochakov" title="Russian cruiser Ochakov">Ochakov</a></i> scuttling</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perevalne" title="Perevalne">Perevalne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armiansk" title="Armiansk">Armiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhankoi" title="Dzhankoi">Dzhankoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonhar" title="Chonhar">Chonhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Krym" title="Port Krym">Port Krym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strilkove" title="Strilkove">Strilkove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabat_Spit" title="Arabat Spit">Arabat Spit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novofedorivka" title="Novofedorivka">Novofedorivka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-Russian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada_of_Crimea" title="Verkhovna Rada of Crimea">Supreme Council of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Crimea" title="Council of Ministers of Crimea">Council of Ministers of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_City_Council" title="Sevastopol City Council">Sevastopol City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Troops" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Airborne Troops">Russian Airborne Troops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_green_men_(Russo-Ukrainian_War)" title="Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)">Little green men</a></li></ul></li> <li>Crimean <a href="/wiki/Berkut_(special_police_force)" title="Berkut (special police force)">Berkut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Unity" title="Russian Unity">Russian Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_Wolves" title="Night Wolves">Night Wolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Choice" title="Ukrainian Choice">Ukrainian Choice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Russia)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Shoigu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergey Shoigu">Sergey Shoigu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Surkov" title="Vladislav Surkov">Vladislav Surkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Gerasimov" title="Valery Gerasimov">Valery Gerasimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Sergun" title="Igor Sergun">Igor Sergun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Vitko" title="Aleksandr Vitko">Aleksandr Vitko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Belaventsev" title="Oleg Belaventsev">Oleg Belaventsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Minnikhanov" title="Rustam Minnikhanov">Rustam Minnikhanov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Crimea)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Aksyonov" title="Sergey Aksyonov">Sergey Aksyonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Konstantinov_(politician)" title="Vladimir Konstantinov (politician)">Vladimir Konstantinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Poklonskaya" title="Natalia Poklonskaya">Natalia Poklonskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Temirgaliev" title="Rustam Temirgaliev">Rustam Temirgaliev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Berezovsky" title="Denis Berezovsky">Denis Berezovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yeliseyev_(admiral)" title="Sergei Yeliseyev (admiral)">Sergei Yeliseyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Chaly" title="Aleksei Chaly">Aleksei Chaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Bezler" title="Igor Bezler">Igor Besler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-Ukrainian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Yatsenyuk_government" title="First Yatsenyuk government">Yatsenyuk government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Parliamentary</a> parties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-Ukrainian_Union_%22Fatherland%22" class="mw-redirect" title="All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland"">Batkivshchyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_(political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom (political party)">Svoboda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Democratic_Alliance_for_Reform" title="Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform">UDAR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Armed Forces of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Ground_Forces" title="Ukrainian Ground Forces">Ukrainian Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Ukrainian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Ukraine" title="National Guard of Ukraine">National Guard of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mejlis_of_the_Crimean_Tatar_People" title="Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People">Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Sector" title="Right Sector">Right Sector</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Ukraine)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" title="Oleksandr Turchynov">Oleksandr Turchynov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arseniy_Yatsenyuk" title="Arseniy Yatsenyuk">Arseniy Yatsenyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Parubiy" title="Andriy Parubiy">Andriy Parubiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsen_Avakov" title="Arsen Avakov">Arsen Avakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentyn_Nalyvaichenko" title="Valentyn Nalyvaichenko">Valentyn Nalyvaichenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihor_Tenyukh" title="Ihor Tenyukh">Ihor Tenyukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Kutsyn" title="Mykhailo Kutsyn">Mykhailo Kutsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Hayduk" title="Serhiy Hayduk">Serhiy Hayduk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Crimea)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Dzhemilev" title="Mustafa Dzhemilev">Mustafa Dzhemilev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refat_Chubarov" title="Refat Chubarov">Refat Chubarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lmi_%C3%9Cmerov" title="İlmi Ümerov">İlmi Ümerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahtem_Chiygoz" title="Ahtem Chiygoz">Ahtem Chiygoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Kunitsyn" title="Serhiy Kunitsyn">Serhiy Kunitsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuliy_Mamchur" title="Yuliy Mamchur">Yuliy Mamchur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7525#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1836" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7525#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1836" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7525#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4054673-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80145689">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sevastopol (Ukrajina)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130785&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX459380">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=171293">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007561899205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/9c50516f-5315-4fba-a279-c09511dd6d5a">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027621588">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045706">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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