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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">John Hamilton Gray (New Brunswick politician)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hamilton_Gray_(Politiker,_1814)" title="John Hamilton Gray (Politiker, 1814) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Hamilton Gray (Politiker, 1814)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hamilton_Gray_(homme_politique,_1814-1889)" title="John Hamilton Gray (homme politique, 1814-1889) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Hamilton Gray (homme politique, 1814-1889)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%89" title="جون هاميلتون جراى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون هاميلتون جراى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hamilton_Gray_(1814%E2%80%931889)" title="John Hamilton Gray (1814–1889) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="John Hamilton Gray (1814–1889)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">John Hamilton Gray</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Hamilton_Gray_(New_Brunswick).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/John_Hamilton_Gray_%28New_Brunswick%29.jpg/220px-John_Hamilton_Gray_%28New_Brunswick%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/John_Hamilton_Gray_%28New_Brunswick%29.jpg/330px-John_Hamilton_Gray_%28New_Brunswick%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/John_Hamilton_Gray_%28New_Brunswick%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="386" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_New_Brunswick" title="Premier of New Brunswick">Premier of the Colony of New Brunswick</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1856–1857</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fisher_(Canadian_politician)" title="Charles Fisher (Canadian politician)">Charles Fisher</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fisher_(Canadian_politician)" title="Charles Fisher (Canadian politician)">Charles Fisher</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Parliament">Canadian Parliament</a></span><br />for <a href="/wiki/City_and_County_of_St._John" title="City and County of St. John">City and County of St. John</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1867–1872</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Burpee" title="Isaac Burpee">Isaac Burpee</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1814<br /><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Bermuda" title="St. George's, Bermuda">St. George's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">June 5, 1889 (aged 75)<br /><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a>, British Columbia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_(historical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative Party of Canada (historical)">Conservative</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Elizabeth (Eliza) Ormond</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1845)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Hamilton Gray</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">QC</a></span></span> (1814 – June 5, 1889) was a politician in the <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">Province of New Brunswick</a>, Canada, a jurist, and one of the <a href="/wiki/Father_of_Confederation#Fathers_of_Confederation" class="mw-redirect" title="Father of Confederation">Fathers of Confederation</a>. He should not be confused with <a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton_Gray_(Prince_Edward_Island)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hamilton Gray (Prince Edward Island)">John Hamilton Gray</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a> politician (and also a Father of Confederation) in the same era. </p><p>Gray was born in <a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Bermuda" title="St. George's, Bermuda">St. George's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_North_America" title="British North America">British North America</a>. His father, William, was naval commissary in Bermuda and later served as British <a href="/wiki/Consulate_general" class="mw-redirect" title="Consulate general">consul</a> in <a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a>. Gray's grandfather, Joseph Gray, was a <a href="/wiki/United_Empire_Loyalist" title="United Empire Loyalist">United Empire Loyalist</a> from <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> who settled in <a href="/wiki/City_of_Halifax" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Halifax">Halifax, Nova Scotia</a> following the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>. His cousin, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Brownlow_Gray" title="Samuel Brownlow Gray">Samuel Brownlow Gray</a> (1823–1910), the grandfather of Captain Gerald Hamilton Gray (1883–1953) of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Garrison_Artillery" title="Royal Garrison Artillery">Royal Garrison Artillery</a> and Lieutenant-Colonel Reginald Wentworth Gray of the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales%27s_Leinster_Regiment_(Royal_Canadians)" title="Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians)">Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians)</a>, was appointed Attorney-General of Bermuda in 1861 and the Chief Justice of Bermuda in 1900. </p><p>John Hamilton Gray was educated at <a href="/wiki/University_of_King%27s_College" title="University of King's College">King's College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> after which he became a lawyer in <a href="/wiki/Saint_John,_New_Brunswick" title="Saint John, New Brunswick">Saint John, New Brunswick</a>. He also served as a <a href="/wiki/Captain_(Canadian_army_and_air_force)" title="Captain (Canadian army and air force)">captain</a> in the New Brunswick Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry becoming a major in the Queen's New Brunswick Ranger by 1850. In 1854 he became <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-colonel_(Canada)" title="Lieutenant-colonel (Canada)">lieutenant-colonel</a> of the regiment. </p><p>Politically, Gray was a <a href="/wiki/High_Tory" title="High Tory">high Tory</a> Conservative but also a moderate reformer. He joined the <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Brunswick_Colonial_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Brunswick Colonial Association (page does not exist)">New Brunswick Colonial Association</a> after it was founded in 1849. Gray moved a motion calling for a "federal union of the <a href="/wiki/British_North_America" title="British North America">British North American</a> colonies, preparatory to their immediate independence." The motion was defeated but was an anticipation of <a href="/wiki/Canadian_confederation" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian confederation">Canadian confederation</a>. Gray was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_New_Brunswick" title="Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick">Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick</a> as a supporter of the Colonial Association's platform of reforms in opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Family_Compact" title="Family Compact">Compact</a> government. <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_New_Brunswick" title="Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick">Lieutenant Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Walker_Head" title="Edmund Walker Head">Edmund Walker Head</a> appointed Gray to the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_New_Brunswick" title="Executive Council of New Brunswick">Executive Council</a> causing the reform opposition to collapse and ending Gray's career as a <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_New_Brunswick" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party of New Brunswick">Liberal</a>. He was created a <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">Queen's Counsel</a> In 1853. </p><p>Gray became leader of the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_New_Brunswick" title="Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick">Conservatives</a> in the Legislative Assembly and found himself <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(New_Brunswick)" title="Leader of the Opposition (New Brunswick)">leader of the opposition</a> after the 1854 elections, the first held under <a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">responsible government</a>, elected a Liberal (or Reform) administration ending "compact" government. In 1855, Lieutenant-Governor <a href="/wiki/John_Manners-Sutton,_3rd_Viscount_Canterbury" title="John Manners-Sutton, 3rd Viscount Canterbury">John Manners-Sutton</a> dismissed the Reform government over its attempt to institute <a href="/wiki/Prohibition" title="Prohibition">prohibition</a> and asked Gray to form an administration. </p><p>As <a href="/wiki/Premier" title="Premier">Premier</a>, Gray led the Conservatives to victory in the <a href="/wiki/1856_New_Brunswick_general_election" title="1856 New Brunswick general election">June 1856 election</a> on an anti-prohibition platform and repealed the liquor law. However, with the central issue uniting his government now resolved he became unable to command a <a href="/wiki/Majority_government" title="Majority government">majority</a> in the legislature and resigned in May 1857.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gray continued in <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_opposition" title="Parliamentary opposition">opposition</a> as a Conservative MLA. He also led committees of inquiry into railway construction and investigated allegations of patronage and corruption but he concluded that the railway was "sound". After 1860, Gray drifted away from his fellow Conservatives and became supportive of <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Leonard_Tilley" title="Samuel Leonard Tilley">Samuel Leonard Tilley</a>'s Liberal government but was defeated in the 1861 election for his efforts. </p><p>Out of elected politics, Gray returned to his practice as a lawyer and was appointed to an inquiry board on the land question in <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a>. </p><p>Gray became an active supporter of <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Confederation" title="Canadian Confederation">Canadian Confederation</a> and joined Tilley's new <a href="/wiki/Liberal-Conservative_Party" title="Liberal-Conservative Party">Liberal-Conservative Party</a> returning to the legislature in a <a href="/wiki/By-election" title="By-election">by-election</a> in 1864. Gray served as a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/Charlottetown_Conference" title="Charlottetown Conference">Charlottetown Conference</a> only to return to New Brunswick to face growing hostility to the confederation project and lost his seat in the 1865 election that brought the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Confederation_Party" title="Anti-Confederation Party">Anti-Confederation Party</a> to power. Gray returned to the legislature in 1866 and served as <a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">Speaker</a>. When confederation became a reality, Gray won a seat in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a>. </p><p>He did not run for re-election in 1872. He was appointed judge of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_British_Columbia" title="Supreme Court of British Columbia">Supreme Court of British Columbia</a> and moved west reluctantly. He served on the 1885 Royal Commission on Chinese immigration.<sup id="cite_ref-enbc_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enbc-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_hamilton_gray_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/John_hamilton_gray_2.jpg/220px-John_hamilton_gray_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/John_hamilton_gray_2.jpg/330px-John_hamilton_gray_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/John_hamilton_gray_2.jpg/440px-John_hamilton_gray_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>John Hamilton Gray's headstone</figcaption></figure> <p>On the court, Gray ruled in 1878 that the province's <i>Chinese Tax Act</i> was unconstitutional as its purpose was to "drive the Chinese from the country, thus interfering at once with the authority reserved to the Dominion Parliament as to the regulation of the trade and commerce, the rights of aliens, and the treaties of the empire." </p><p>He was a <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry_in_Canada" title="Freemasonry in Canada">Freemason</a> of Albion Lodge No. 500 in Saint John, New Brunswick, and Civil Service Lodge No. 148 in Ottawa.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John Hamilton Gray died in Victoria, British Columbia and is interred there in the <a href="/wiki/Ross_Bay_Cemetery" title="Ross Bay Cemetery">Ross Bay Cemetery</a>. He is the only father of confederation buried west of Ontario.<sup id="cite_ref-enbc_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enbc-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_record">Electoral record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hamilton_Gray_(New_Brunswick_politician)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Electoral record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:573px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float:left;"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1867_Canadian_federal_election/City_and_County_of_St._John" title="Template:1867 Canadian federal election/City and County of St. John"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1867_Canadian_federal_election/City_and_County_of_St._John" title="Template talk:1867 Canadian federal election/City and County of St. John"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1867_Canadian_federal_election/City_and_County_of_St._John" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1867 Canadian federal election/City and County of St. John"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><a href="/wiki/1867_Canadian_federal_election" title="1867 Canadian federal election">1867 Canadian federal election</a>: <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/City_and_County_of_St._John" title="City and County of St. John">City and County of St. John</a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2 style=" bgcolor="">Party </th> <th width="250px">Candidate </th> <th width="48px">Votes </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #9999FF; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_(1867%E2%80%931942)" title="Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)">Conservative</a></td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Hamilton Gray</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">acclaimed </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" style="border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Source: Canadian Elections Database<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recognition_and_legacy">Recognition and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hamilton_Gray_(New_Brunswick_politician)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Recognition and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In 1968, a <a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">CN</a> automobile/passenger/railcar ferry entered service carrying the name <i><a href="/wiki/MV_John_Hamilton_Gray" title="MV John Hamilton Gray">MV John Hamilton Gray</a></i>, honouring both Fathers of Confederation.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hamilton_Gray_(New_Brunswick_politician)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=5556">"John Hamilton Gray"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Canadian_Biography" title="Dictionary of Canadian Biography">Dictionary of Canadian Biography</a></i> (online ed.). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto_Press" title="University of Toronto Press">University of Toronto Press</a>. 1979–2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=John+Hamilton+Gray&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Canadian+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1979%2F2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biographi.ca%2F009004-119.01-e.php%3F%26id_nbr%3D5556&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Hamilton+Gray+%28New+Brunswick+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=14529">John Hamilton Gray – Parliament of Canada biography</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hamilton_Gray_(New_Brunswick_politician)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArndtSpence1919" class="citation book cs1">Arndt, Ruth (Spence); Spence, F. S. (Francis Stephens) (1919). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/prohibitionincan00arnduoft"><i>Prohibition in Canada; a memorial to Francis Stephens Spence</i></a>. Robarts – University of Toronto. Toronto Ontario Branch of the Dominion Alliance. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/prohibitionincan00arnduoft/page/81">81</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prohibition+in+Canada%3B+a+memorial+to+Francis+Stephens+Spence&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Toronto+Ontario+Branch+of+the+Dominion+Alliance&rft.date=1919&rft.aulast=Arndt&rft.aufirst=Ruth+%28Spence%29&rft.au=Spence%2C+F.+S.+%28Francis+Stephens%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprohibitionincan00arnduoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Hamilton+Gray+%28New+Brunswick+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-enbc-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-enbc_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-enbc_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancis2000" class="citation book cs1">Francis, Daniel, ed. (2000) [1999]. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_British_Columbia" title="Encyclopedia of British Columbia">Encyclopedia of British Columbia</a></i>. Harbour Publishing. p. 301. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55017-200-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55017-200-X"><bdi>1-55017-200-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+British+Columbia&rft.pages=301&rft.pub=Harbour+Publishing&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-55017-200-X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Hamilton+Gray+%28New+Brunswick+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Jenkyns2017" class="citation web cs1">Michael Jenkyns (July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181205195647/https://grandlodge.on.ca/index.php/official-website/300-years-of-freemasonry/378-freemasonry-and-confederation">"Canada's Sesquicentennial – Freemasonry and Confederation"</a>. Grand Lodge A.F. & A.M. of Canada in the Province of Ontario. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://grandlodge.on.ca/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=378&catid=42">the original</a> on 5 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canada%27s+Sesquicentennial+%E2%80%93+Freemasonry+and+Confederation&rft.pub=Grand+Lodge+A.F.+%26+A.M.+of+Canada+in+the+Province+of+Ontario&rft.date=2017-07&rft.au=Michael+Jenkyns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgrandlodge.on.ca%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D378%26catid%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Hamilton+Gray+%28New+Brunswick+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSayers" class="citation web cs1">Sayers, Anthony M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240122060526/http://canadianelectionsdatabase.ca/PHASE5/?p=0&type=election&ID=286#page_1=new-brunswick&page_2=constituency_2594">"1867 Federal Election"</a>. <i>Canadian Elections Database</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canadianelectionsdatabase.ca/PHASE5/?p=0&type=election&ID=286#page_1=new-brunswick&page_2=constituency_2594">the original</a> on 22 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Elections+Database&rft.atitle=1867+Federal+Election&rft.aulast=Sayers&rft.aufirst=Anthony+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanadianelectionsdatabase.ca%2FPHASE5%2F%3Fp%3D0%26type%3Delection%26ID%3D286%23page_1%3Dnew-brunswick%26page_2%3Dconstituency_2594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Hamilton+Gray+%28New+Brunswick+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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