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<li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms" class=""><span>Derma</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Perisian+penggunaan" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib" class=""><span>Buka akaun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Perisian+penggunaan" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kandungan" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kandungan</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Terminologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Terminologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengelasan_perisian_penggunaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengelasan_perisian_penggunaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pengelasan perisian penggunaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pengelasan_perisian_penggunaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pautan_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pautan_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pautan luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pautan_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Isi Kandungan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Perisian penggunaan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 82 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toepassingsagteware" title="Toepassingsagteware – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Toepassingsagteware" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="برمجيات تطبيقية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برمجيات تطبيقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%99tbiqi_proqram_t%C9%99minat%C4%B1" title="Tətbiqi proqram təminatı – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tətbiqi proqram təminatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikasi" title="Aplikasi – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aplikasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="অ্যাপ্লিকেশন সফটওয়্যার – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যাপ্লিকেশন সফটওয়্যার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Прыкладное праграмнае забеспячэнне – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прыкладное праграмнае забеспячэнне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Дастасунак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дастасунак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="एप्लिकेशन सॉफ्टवेयर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एप्लिकेशन सॉफ्टवेयर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikativni_softver" title="Aplikativni softver – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aplikativni softver" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Приложен софтуер – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Приложен софтуер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplicaci%C3%B3_(inform%C3%A0tica)" title="Aplicació (informàtica) – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aplicació (informàtica)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplika%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_software" title="Aplikační software – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aplikační software" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softwareapplikation" title="Softwareapplikation – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Softwareapplikation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwendungssoftware" title="Anwendungssoftware – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anwendungssoftware" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakendustarkvara" title="Rakendustarkvara – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rakendustarkvara" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE" title="Εφαρμογή υπολογιστή – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εφαρμογή υπολογιστή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Application software" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_de_aplicaci%C3%B3n" title="Software de aplicación – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Software de aplicación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikazio_informatiko" title="Aplikazio informatiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aplikazio informatiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="نرم‌افزار کاربردی – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نرم‌افزار کاربردی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_(informatique)" title="Application (informatique) – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Application (informatique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applikaasje" title="Applikaasje – Frisian Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Applikaasje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feidhmchl%C3%A1r" title="Feidhmchlár – Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Feidhmchlár" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yin-yung_chh%C3%A0ng-sit" title="Yin-yung chhàng-sit – Cina Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yin-yung chhàng-sit" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Cina Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%91%EC%9A%A9_%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4" title="응용 소프트웨어 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="응용 소프트웨어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="ऍप्लिकेशन सॉफ्टवेयर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऍप्लिकेशन सॉफ्टवेयर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izvr%C5%A1ni_softver" title="Izvršni softver – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Izvršni softver" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programma_de_application" title="Programma de application – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Programma de application" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izinhlelo_zokusebenza" title="Izinhlelo zokusebenza – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Izinhlelo zokusebenza" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notendaforrit" title="Notendaforrit – Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Notendaforrit" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applicazione_(informatica)" title="Applicazione (informatica) – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Applicazione (informatica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%91" title="יישום מחשב – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יישום מחשב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piranti_alus_pangetrap" title="Piranti alus pangetrap – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Piranti alus pangetrap" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Қолданбалы бағдарлама – Kazakhstan" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қолданбалы бағдарлама" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakhstan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Колдонмо программалык жабдык – Kirghiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Колдонмо программалык жабдык" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirghiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programu_tumizi" title="Programu tumizi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Programu tumizi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepan" title="Sepan – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sepan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmatura_applicativa" title="Programmatura applicativa – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Programmatura applicativa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikaceja" title="Aplikaceja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Aplikaceja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lietojumprogrammat%C5%ABra" title="Lietojumprogrammatūra – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lietojumprogrammatūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taikomoji_programin%C4%97_%C4%AFranga" title="Taikomoji programinė įranga – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Taikomoji programinė įranga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalmaz%C3%A1s_(sz%C3%A1m%C3%ADt%C3%A1stechnika)" title="Alkalmazás (számítástechnika) – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Alkalmazás (számítástechnika)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Извршен програм – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Извршен програм" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rindrankajy_fampiharana" title="Rindrankajy fampiharana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rindrankajy fampiharana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC" title="ആപ്ലിക്കേഷൻ സോഫ്റ്റ്‌വെയർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആപ്ലിക്കേഷൻ സോഫ്റ്റ്‌വെയർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A6%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%B8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90" title="გეძინელი პროგრამული უნარღელჸუა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გეძინელი პროგრამული უნარღელჸუა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="اپلیکیشن – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اپلیکیشن" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B6" title="Хэрэглээний программ хангамж – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хэрэглээний программ хангамж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applicatie" title="Applicatie – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Applicatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BD%E3%83%95%E3%83%88%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A2" title="アプリケーションソフトウェア – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アプリケーションソフトウェア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/App" title="App – Frisian Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="App" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applikasjonsprogramvare" title="Applikasjonsprogramvare – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Applikasjonsprogramvare" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Компьютер программе – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Компьютер программе" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaliy_dasturiy_ta%27minot" title="Amaliy dasturiy ta'minot – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Amaliy dasturiy ta'minot" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%B9%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="اطلاقی سوفٹویئر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اطلاقی سوفٹویئر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oprogramowanie_u%C5%BCytkowe" title="Oprogramowanie użytkowe – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oprogramowanie użytkowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_aplicativo" title="Software aplicativo – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Software aplicativo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplica%C8%9Bie_software" title="Aplicație software – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aplicație software" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruwachina_llamp%27ukaq" title="Ruwachina llamp'ukaq – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ruwachina llamp'ukaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Прикладное программное обеспечение – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Прикладное программное обеспечение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegla_informatike" title="Vegla informatike – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vegla informatike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C" title="යෙදවුම් මෘදුකාංග – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යෙදවුම් මෘදුකාංග" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplik%C3%A1cia_(informatika)" title="Aplikácia (informatika) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aplikácia (informatika)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikacija_(ra%C4%8Dunalni%C5%A1tvo)" title="Aplikacija (računalništvo) – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Aplikacija (računalništvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%BE%DA%B5%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%95%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="ئەپڵیکەیشن – Kurdi Tengah" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەپڵیکەیشن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Tengah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Апликативни софтвер – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Апликативни софтвер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikacioni_softver" title="Aplikacioni softver – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aplikacioni softver" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplikasi" title="Aplikasi – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Aplikasi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovellusohjelma" title="Sovellusohjelma – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sovellusohjelma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Till%C3%A4mpningsprogram" title="Tillämpningsprogram – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tillämpningsprogram" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Application software" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="பயன்பாட்டு மென்பொருள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பயன்பாட்டு மென்பொருள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="โปรแกรมประยุกต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โปรแกรมประยุกต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A7n_m%E1%BB%81m_%E1%BB%A9ng_d%E1%BB%A5ng" title="Phần mềm ứng dụng – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phần mềm ứng dụng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uygulama_yaz%C4%B1l%C4%B1m%C4%B1" title="Uygulama yazılımı – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Uygulama yazılımı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Застосунок – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Застосунок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%B9_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="اطلاقی سافٹ ویئر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اطلاقی سافٹ ویئر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%DB%95%D9%84%D9%89%D9%8A_%D9%BE%D9%89%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7_(%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%BE)" title="ئەمەلىي پىروگرامما (ئەپ) – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئەمەلىي پىروگرامما (ئەپ)" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplegasion_(inform%C3%A0dega)" title="Aplegasion (informàdega) – Venetia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Aplegasion (informàdega)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F" title="应用程序 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="应用程序" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F" title="應用程式 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="應用程式" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F" title="应用程序 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="应用程序" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q166142#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perisian_penggunaan" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Rencana</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perbincangan:Perisian_penggunaan" rel="discussion" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Peralatan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perisian_penggunaan"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Perisian_penggunaan" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Perisian_penggunaan" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&oldid=5531226" title="Pautan kekal ke semakan laman ini"><span>Pautan kekal</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&action=info" title="Maklumat lanjut mengenai laman ini"><span>Maklumat laman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Petik_laman_ini&page=Perisian_penggunaan&id=5531226&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Maklumat tentang cara memetik laman ini"><span>Petik laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPerisian_penggunaan"><span>Dapatkan URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPerisian_penggunaan"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Perisian+penggunaan"><span>Cipta buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Perisian_penggunaan&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&printable=yes" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Application_software" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q166142" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:OpenOffice.org-2.0-Writer-KDE-Portuguese.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/OpenOffice.org-2.0-Writer-KDE-Portuguese.png/275px-OpenOffice.org-2.0-Writer-KDE-Portuguese.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/OpenOffice.org-2.0-Writer-KDE-Portuguese.png/413px-OpenOffice.org-2.0-Writer-KDE-Portuguese.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/OpenOffice.org-2.0-Writer-KDE-Portuguese.png/550px-OpenOffice.org-2.0-Writer-KDE-Portuguese.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="743" /></a><figcaption>OpenOffice.org Writer <a href="/wiki/Pemproses_kata" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemproses kata">pemproses kata</a>. <a href="/wiki/OpenOffice.org" title="OpenOffice.org">OpenOffice.org</a> merupakan contoh penggunaan sumber terbuka pasangan perisian</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Perisian penggunaan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_bahasa_Inggeris" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa bahasa Inggeris">bahasa Inggeris</a>: <i lang="en">application software</i><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: en is deprecated </span>) merupakan subkelas <a href="/wiki/Perisian_komputer" class="mw-redirect" title="Perisian komputer">perisian komputer</a> yang menggunakan keupayaan komputer secara langsung dan sepenuhnya bagi melaksanakan tugasan khusus<sup id="cite_ref-KamusKomputer_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KamusKomputer-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang diingini pengguna. Hal ini adalah berlainan dengan <a href="/wiki/Perisian_sistem" title="Perisian sistem">perisian sistem</a> yang membabitkan menyatukan pelbagai keupayaan komputer, tetapi biasanya tidak menggunakannnya secara langsung bagi melaksanakan tugasan yang menguntungkan pengguna. Dalam erti kata ini, istilah penggunaan merujuk kepada kedua-dua <i>perisian penggunaan</i> dan pelaksanaannya. </p><p>Perumpamaan yang sama, sungguhpun kurang sempurna, dari segi perkakasan merupakan kaitan antara mentol lampu eletrik (penggunaan) kepada loji jana kuasa eletrik (sistem). Loji kuasa hanya menghasilkan eletrik, ia sendiri tidak berguna sehingga digunakan bagi penggunaan seperti mentol lampu yang menghasilkan perkhidmatan kepada pengguna. </p><p>Contoh biasa <b>penggunaan perisian</b> ialah <a href="/wiki/Pemproses_kata" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemproses kata">pemproses kata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helaian_kerja" class="mw-redirect" title="Helaian kerja">helaian kerja</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemain_media&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemain media (laman tidak wujud)">pemain media</a>. </p><p>Beberapa perisian penggunaan disekalikan sebagai satu pakej yang kadangkala dikenali sebagai <b>suit penggunaan</b>. Sebagai contoh biasa, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Office" title="Microsoft Office">Microsoft Office</a> dan <a href="/wiki/OpenOffice.org" title="OpenOffice.org">OpenOffice.org</a>, yang membungkus sekali pemproses kata, helaian kerja, dan beberapa perisian penggunaan kecil. Perisian penggunaan berasingan dalam satu a suite biasanya mempunyai antaramuka pengguna yang mempunyai persamaan menjadikannya mudah bagi pengguna bagi belajar dan menggunakan setiap perisian penggunaan. Dan sering kali ia mempunyai keupayaan bagi berinteraksi sesama sendiri dalam cara yang memberi menafaat kepada pengguna. Sebagai contoh, helaian kerja mungkin mampu dimasukkan kedalam dokumen pemproses kata sungguhpun ia pada awalnya dibuka dalam perisian helaian kerja yang berlainan. </p><p>Pembangunan pengguna akhir menyesuai sistem bagi memenuhi kehendak khas pengguna. Perisian ditulis pengguna termasuk templat helaian kerja, makro pemproses kata, simulasi saintifik, skrip grafik dan animasi. Malah penapis surat-E merupakan sejenis perisian pengguna. Pengguna mencipta perisian ini sendiri dan sering memandang rendah kepentingannya. </p><p>Dalam sesetengah sistem terbenam, perisian penggunaan dan sistem pengendalian mungkin tidak dapat dibezakan oleh pengguna, sebagaimana perisian yang digunakan bagi mengawal pemain <a href="/w/index.php?title=VCR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VCR (laman tidak wujud)">VCR</a>, <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Ketuhar_gelombang_mikro" title="Ketuhar gelombang mikro">ketuhar gelombang mikro</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminologi">Terminologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Terminologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Terminologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Garis pemisah antara perisian sistem seperti sistem pengendalian dan sistem penggunaan adalah kabur, bagaimanapun, dengan ini menjadi perdebatan. Sebagai contoh, salah satu faktor penting dalam perbicaraan (<i>antitrust</i>) United States v. Microsoft adalah samaada pelayar web <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> Microsoft merupakan sebahagian dari sistem pengendalian <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> atau bahagian terpisah perisian penggunaan. Satu contoh laian adalah, pertikaian nama GNU/Linux, sebahagiannya, disebabkan pertikaian antara hubungkait antara sistem pengendalian Linux dan inti Linux. </p><p>Dalam <a href="/wiki/Sains_komputer" title="Sains komputer">sains komputer</a>, perisian penggunaan merupakan perisian komputer yang direka bagi membantu pengguna melaksanakan sesuatu tugasan. Perisian penggunaan dengan itu berbeza dari sisten pengendalian (yang mengawal komputer), perisian utiliti (yang melaksanakan pengemaskini atau tugasan umum), dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_pengaturcaraan" title="Bahasa pengaturcaraan">bahasa pengaturcaraan</a> (yang dengan mana perisian komputer dicipta). Bergantung kepada reka bentuk kerjanya, perisian penggunaan mampu mengendali teks, nombor, grafik, atau gabungan kesemua unsur tersebut. Sesetengah paket perisian menawarkan kuasa komputer berkuasa dengan menumpu pada satu tugasan, seperti pemproses kata; yang lain, dikenali sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_bersepadu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perisian bersepadu (laman tidak wujud)">perisian bersepadu</a>, menawarkan kurang kuasa tetapi merangkumi beberapa perisian penggunaan, seperti perisian pemproses kata, helaian kerja, dan pangkalan data. </p><p>Baru-baru ini, istilah "app" di gunakan untuk merujuk pada perisian penggunaan untuk peranti bergerak seperti <a href="/wiki/Telefon_pintar" title="Telefon pintar">telefon pintar</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tablet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tablet (laman tidak wujud)">tablet</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pengelasan_perisian_penggunaan">Pengelasan perisian penggunaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Pengelasan perisian penggunaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pengelasan perisian penggunaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Terdapat banyak sub-jenis perisian penggunaan : </p> <ul><li><i>Perisian enterprise</i> memenuhi keperluan proses dana aliran data organisasi, sering kali dalam persekitaran teragih. (Contoh termasuk Kewangan, Pengurusan Hal-ehwal Pelanggan, dan Pengurusan Rankaian Bekalan). Ambil perhatian bahawa Perisian Jabatan merupakan jenis kecil Perisian Enterprise dengan penumpuan bagi organisasi atau kumpulan lebih kecil dalam organisasi besar. (Contoh termasuk Pengurusan Perbelanjaan Perjalanan, dan Meja bantuan IT)</li> <li><i>Perisian infrstruktur enterprise</i> memberikan keupayaan umum yang diperlukan bagi menyokong sistem Perisian Enterprise. (Contoh termasuk Pangkalan data, pelayang Surat-E, dan Pengurusan Keselamatan dan Jaringan)</li> <li><i>Perisian pekerja maklumat</i> menangani keperluan individual bagi <b>mencipta</b> dan mengurus maklumat, sering kali bagi projek individual dalam jabatan, berbanding dengan pengurusan enterprise. Contoh termasuk pengurusan masa, pengurusan sumber, perkakasan dokumentasi, analitik, dan kerjasama. Pemproses kata, helaian kerja, surat-e dan pelanggan blog, sistem maklumat peribadi, dan penyunting media persendirian mungkin membantu dalam mengganda maklumat bagi tugasan pekerja.</li> <li><i>Perisian capaian kandungan</i> merupakan peridian yang terutamanya digunakan bagi mencapai maklumat tanpa menyunting, tetapi mungkin termasuk perisian yang membenarkan penyuntingan kandungan. Perisian sedemikian menangani keperluan individual atau kumpulan bagi <b>mengguna</b> hiburan digital dan <b>menerbitkan</b> kandungan digital. (Contoh termasuk Pemain Media, Pelayar Web, pelayar Bantu, dan Permainan)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Perisian_pendidikan" title="Perisian pendidikan">Perisian pendidikan</a></i> adalah berkait dengan Perisian Hiburan dan Media, tetapi memiliki keperluan berlainan bagi menghantar penilaian (ujian) dan menjejak kemajuan melalui bahan pembelajaran. Ia turut berkait dengan perisian kerjasama dari segi kebanyakan sistem Perisian Pendidikan turut memiliki keupayaan bekerjasama.</li> <li><i>Perisian simulasi</i> adalah perisian komputer bagi simulasi sistem abstrak atau fizikal samaada bagi tujuan penyelidikan, latihan atau hiburan.</li> <li><i>Perisian pembangunan media</i> memenuhi keperluan bagi individual yang menjanakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_cetak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media cetak (laman tidak wujud)">cetakan</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_eletronik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media eletronik (laman tidak wujud)">media eletronik</a> bagi kegunaan orang lain, sering kali dari segi pendidikan atau pengiklanan. Ini termasuk perisian Seni Grafik, perisian Penerbitan Meja, perisian Pembangunan Multimedia, penyunting HTML, penyunting Animasi Digital, pengarangan Video dan Audio Digital, dan banyak yang lain.</li> <li><i>Perisian kejuruteraan produk</i> digunakan dalam mengembangkan produk perkakasan dan perisian. Ini termasuk reka bentuk berbantukan komputer (CAD), kejuruteraan berbantukan komputer (CAE), alat penyuntingan dan penyusunan bahasa komputer, Persekitaran Pembangunan Bersepadu, dan Antaramuka Pengaturcara Aplikasi.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6415981">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-KamusKomputer-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KamusKomputer_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6405196">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:var(--color-subtle,#54595d)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">G. S. Rao, A. K. Rao, Ng Chee Aun & Cheng Yok San (1991). "perisian penggunaan". <i>Kamus Komputer Sekolah Menengah</i>. Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn Bhd. m/s. 63-64. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/967-65-1306-7" title="Khas:Sumber buku/967-65-1306-7"><bdi>967-65-1306-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=perisian+penggunaan&rft.btitle=Kamus+Komputer+Sekolah+Menengah&rft.pages=63-64&rft.pub=Penerbit+Fajar+Bakti+Sdn+Bhd&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=967-65-1306-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3APerisian+penggunaan" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_maint:_uses_authors_parameter" title="Kategori:CS1 maint: uses authors parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pautan_luar">Pautan luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bahagian: Pautan luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pautan luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pera.net">Cara lain bagi mengelaskan perisian semasa dengan penekanan pada automasi</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&oldid=5531226">https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perisian_penggunaan&oldid=5531226</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Kategori" title="Khas:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Perisian_penggunaan" title="Kategori:Perisian penggunaan">Perisian penggunaan</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Konsol_permainan_tangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Konsol permainan tangan (laman tidak wujud)">Konsol permainan tangan</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori-kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_maint:_uses_authors_parameter" title="Kategori:CS1 maint: uses authors parameter">CS1 maint: uses authors parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Rencana_yang_mengandungi_teks_bahasa_bahasa_Inggeris" title="Kategori:Rencana yang mengandungi teks bahasa bahasa Inggeris">Rencana yang mengandungi teks bahasa bahasa Inggeris</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Lang_and_lang-xx_using_deprecated_ISO_639_codes" title="Kategori:Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes">Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Laman ini kali terakhir disunting pada 01:07, 9 April 2022.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks disediakan di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms">Lesen Creative Commons Pengiktirafan/Perkongsian Serupa</a>; terma tambahan mungkin digunapakai. 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