IEEE Spectrum: Buildings

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings","20100706072003","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1278400803"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <title>IEEE Spectrum: Buildings</title> <link href="/web/20100706072003cs_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/css/spectrum.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <link href="/web/20100706072003cs_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/css/lightbox.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/favicon.png" type="image/x-icon"/> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/js/prototype/prototype.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/js/prototype/scriptaculous.js?load=effects,builder"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/js/rollover.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/js/article-tools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/js/swfobject.js"></script> <script language="JavaScript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/js/wt.js"></script> <script language="JavaScript"> function onSearch(searchtxt) { if(searchtxt == '') { alert("Please enter valid search term."); return false; } } </script> <![if !IE]> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> function ieBrowserAd() { //alert("using IE browser newer than 7"); } </script> <![endif]>    <meta name="layout" content="spectrum"/> <link rel="alternate" title="IEEE Spectrum All Activity" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://feeds2.feedburner.com/IeeeSpectrum " type="application/rss+xml"><link rel="alternate" title="IEEE Spectrum Green Tech" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://feeds.feedburner.com/IeeeSpectrumGreenTech" type="application/rss+xml"><link rel="alternate" title="IEEE Spectrum Green Tech // Buildings" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://feeds.feedburner.com/IeeeSpectrumBuildings" type="application/rss+xml"> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/clientscript/prototype.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/clientscript/scriptaculous.js?load=effects"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="/web/20100706072003js_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/clientscript/os.js"></script> <meta name="WT.cg_n" content="Green Tech"/> <meta name="WT.cg_s" content="Buildings"/> </head> <body class="pageBody" id="" onload=";">  <div id="subchannel10" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel10','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/astrophysics">Astrophysics</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel10','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/aviation">Aviation</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel10','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/military">Military</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel10','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/robotic-exploration">Robotic Exploration</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel10','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/satellites">Satellites</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel10','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/space-flight">Space Flight</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm10"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel18" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel18','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/bionics">Bionics</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel18','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/devices">Devices</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel18','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/diagnostics">Diagnostics</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel18','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/ethics">Ethics</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel18','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/imaging">Imaging</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm18"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel26" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel26','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/embedded-systems">Embedded Systems</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel26','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/hardware">Hardware</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel26','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/it">IT</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel26','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/networks">Networks</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel26','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/software">Software</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm26"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel34" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel34','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/consumer-electronics/audiovideo">Audio/Video</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel34','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/consumer-electronics/gadgets">Gadgets</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel34','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/consumer-electronics/gaming">Gaming</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel34','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/consumer-electronics/portable-devices">Portable Devices</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel34','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/consumer-electronics/standards">Standards</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm34"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel42" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel42','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/environment">Environment</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel42','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/fossil-fuels">Fossil Fuels</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel42','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/nuclear">Nuclear</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel42','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/policy">Policy</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel42','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/renewables">Renewables</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel42','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/the-smarter-grid">The Smarter Grid</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm42"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel51" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/advanced-cars">Advanced Cars</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings">Buildings</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/clean-coal">Clean Coal</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/conservation">Conservation</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/fuel-cells">Fuel Cells</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/geothermal-and-tidal">Geothermal and Tidal</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/mass-transit">Mass Transit</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/solar">Solar</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/wind">Wind</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm51"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel63" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/diy">DIY</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/artificial-intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/home-robots">Home Robots</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/humanoids">Humanoids</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/robotics-software">Robotics Software</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/industrial-robots">Industrial</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/medical-robots">Medical</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/military-robots">Military Robots</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm63"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel75" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/devices">Devices</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/design">Design</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/materials">Materials</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/memory">Memory</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/optoelectronics">Optoelectronics</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/processors">Processors</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm75"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel84" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel84','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/internet">Internet</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel84','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/security">Security</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel84','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/standards">Standards</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel84','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/wireless">Wireless</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm84"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel91" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel91','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/education">Education</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel91','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/innovation">Innovation</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel91','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/tech-careers">Tech Careers</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm91"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div> <div id="subchannel97" class="subchannel" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','show');changeTo(selectedNav);" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers(this.id,'','hide');changeBack(selectedNav);"> <div id="shdwLft"> <div id="shdwRt"> <div id="sbchnnls"> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel97','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/geek-life/hands-on">Hands On</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel97','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/geek-life/profiles">Profiles</a></div> <div id="sbchnnlItm" onclick="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel97','','hide');"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/geek-life/tools-toys">Tools & Toys</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shdwBttm97"> <div id="shdwBttmLft">left</div><div id="shdwBttmRt">right</div> </div> </div>  <div id="boxcontain"> <div id="container">  <div id="header"> <div id="headerTop"> <div style="float:right; padding-top:12px; padding-right:12px;"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ieee.org/"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/logo_hdr125.gif" align="left"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/spacer.gif" width="91" height="22"/></a><br/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ieee.org/"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/hdr_ieee.gif"/></a><br/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://www.ieee.org/web/services/general/sitemap.html"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/hdr_more.gif"/></a><br/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://careers.ieee.org/"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/hdr_ieeejob.gif"/></a> </div> <div id="bannerTop" align="center"><span class="callOutTitle">ADVERTISEMENT</span><br/> <div id="bannerTop-c"></div> </div> </div> <div id="headerMid"> <div id="logoHdr"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/logo_hdr.png"/></a></div> <div id="searchHdr"><form action="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/search"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/srch_in.gif" align="absmiddle"/> <select name="media"> <option value="all">All</option> <option value="articles">Articles</option> <option value="blogs">Blogs</option> <option value="videos">Videos</option> <option value="slideshows">Slideshows</option> <option value="podcasts">Podcasts</option> </select> <input class="textbox" name="q" type="text" value=""/><input type="image" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/images/srch_bttn.gif" align="absmiddle" onclick="return onSearch(this.form.q.value)"/></form></div> <div id="mmbrHdr"> </div> <div id="navHdr"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/magazine/" class="headLink">MAGAZINE</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/multimedia/" class="headLink">MULTIMEDIA</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/blogs/" class="headLink">BLOGS</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/special-reports/" class="headLink">SPECIAL REPORTS</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/newsletters" class="headLink">NEWSLETTERS</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/webinar/" class="headLink">WEBINARS</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/event/11/54/67/rt/index.html?eventid=115467&sessionid=1&key=B723484B60AF8483BDC9E07BA41129A8&eventuserid=18316439" class="headLink">WHITEPAPERS</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/rss" class="headLink">RSS <img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/icon_rss.png" align="absbottom"/></a> </div>  </div> <div id="headerBot"> <div id="headerBotRt"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_shdwRt.png"/></div>  <div id="headerBotMid"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel10','','show');setVars('topnav_arspce_off.gif', 'subchannel10', 'shdwBttm10', '11', '0');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_arspce_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel10','','hide');"><img alt="Aerospace" id="topnav_arspce_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/8"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel18','','show');setVars('topnav_bmdcl_off.gif', 'subchannel18', 'shdwBttm18', '11', '1');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_bmdcl_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel18','','hide');"><img alt="Biomedical" id="topnav_bmdcl_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/16"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel26','','show');setVars('topnav_cmptng_off.gif', 'subchannel26', 'shdwBttm26', '11', '2');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_cmptng_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel26','','hide');"><img alt="Computing" id="topnav_cmptng_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/24"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/consumer-electronics" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel34','','show');setVars('topnav_cnsmr_off.gif', 'subchannel34', 'shdwBttm34', '11', '3');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_cnsmr_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel34','','hide');"><img alt="Consumer Electronics" id="topnav_cnsmr_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/32"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel42','','show');setVars('topnav_energy_off.gif', 'subchannel42', 'shdwBttm42', '11', '4');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_energy_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel42','','hide');"><img alt="Energy" id="topnav_energy_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/40"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','show');setVarsforOn('topnav_grntch_off.gif', 'subchannel51', 'shdwBttm51', '11', '5');" onmouseout="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel51','','hide');"><img alt="Green Tech" id="topnav_grntch_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/50"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','show');setVars('topnav_rbtcs_off.gif', 'subchannel63', 'shdwBttm63', '11', '6');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_rbtcs_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel63','','hide');"><img alt="Robotics" id="topnav_rbtcs_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/61"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','show');setVars('topnav_smcndctrs_off.gif', 'subchannel75', 'shdwBttm75', '11', '7');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_smcndctrs_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel75','','hide');"><img alt="Semiconductors" id="topnav_smcndctrs_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/73"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel84','','show');setVars('topnav_tlcm_off.gif', 'subchannel84', 'shdwBttm84', '11', '8');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_tlcm_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel84','','hide');"><img alt="Telecom" id="topnav_tlcm_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/82"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel91','','show');setVars('topnav_atwork_off.gif', 'subchannel91', 'shdwBttm91', '11', '9');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_atwork_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel91','','hide');"><img alt="At Work" id="topnav_atwork_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/89"/></a><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/geek-life" onmouseover="MM_showHideLayers('subchannel97','','show');setVars('topnav_geeklife_off.gif', 'subchannel97', 'shdwBttm97', '11', '10');" onmouseout="changeBack('topnav_geeklife_off.gif');MM_showHideLayers('subchannel97','','hide');"><img alt="Geek Life" id="topnav_geeklife_off.gif" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/95"/></a></div> <div id="headerBotLft"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_shdwLft.png"/></div> </div> <br class="clearfloat"/> </div>   <div id="sidebar"> <div id="sideTop"> <div id="mstvwdhdr" class="mstvwdhdr" onclick="applySelectedTo('mstvwdhdr')"><a href="#" onclick="return false;">Alt Text</a></div> <div id="mstvwdhdrTxt"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/slideshow/geek-life/tools-toys/five-infamous-arcadegame-glitches"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="06W.SlideS.ArcadeGlitches.Thumbnail.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1628404"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">Five Infamous Arcade-Game Glitches </span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">Wed, June 23, 2010</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">Classic arcade games provided great entertainment with …</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/slideshow/geek-life/tools-toys/five-infamous-arcadegame-glitches#comments">COMMENTS: 2</a></div></span> </div> </a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/slideshow/geek-life/hands-on/kookoo-the-gpsenabled-kitty"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="12W.AudioSS.GPSKitty.thumbnail.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1452421"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">KooKoo, the GPS-Enabled Kitty</span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">Wed, November 25, 2009</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">To track his wandering cat, Mark Spezio rigged …</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/slideshow/geek-life/hands-on/kookoo-the-gpsenabled-kitty#comments">COMMENTS: 41</a></div></span> </div> </a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/slideshow/consumer-electronics/gadgets/the-five-missing-ipad-accessories"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="06W.SlideS.iPadAccessories.Thumbnail.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1614062"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">The Five Missing iPad Accessories</span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">Thu, June 10, 2010</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">The iPad has many flaws. These gizmos will …</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/slideshow/consumer-electronics/gadgets/the-five-missing-ipad-accessories#comments">COMMENTS: 7</a></div></span> </div> </a> <br class="clearleft"/> </div> <div id="mstemldhdr" class="mstemldhdr" onclick="applySelectedTo('mstemldhdr')"><a href="#" onclick="return false;">Alt Text</a></div> <div id="mstemldhdrTxt"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/solar/breakthrough-in-capturing-lost-energy-in-solar-cells"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="06NW.SolarCell.thumbnail.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1622609"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">Breakthrough in Capturing Lost Energy in Solar Cells</span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">June 2010</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">"Hot carrier" solar cells could be twice as …</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/solar/breakthrough-in-capturing-lost-energy-in-solar-cells#comments">COMMENTS: 19</a></div></span> </div> </a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/design/circuit-could-swap-ultracapacitors-for-batteries"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="06NW.MedSuperCapCircuit.Thumbnail.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1625537"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">Circuit Could Swap Ultracapacitors for Batteries</span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">June 2010</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">MIT engineers are developing a circuit that gets …</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/design/circuit-could-swap-ultracapacitors-for-batteries#comments">COMMENTS: 2</a></div></span> </div> </a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/innovation/supreme-court-sheds-no-new-light-on-businessmethod-patents"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="06NW.Bilski.thumbnail.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1632715"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">Supreme Court Sheds No New Light on Business-Method Patents</span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">June 2010</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">Decision against Bilski does little to clarify the …</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/innovation/supreme-court-sheds-no-new-light-on-businessmethod-patents#comments">COMMENTS: 3</a></div></span> </div> </a> <br class="clearleft"/> </div> <div id="mstcmmntdhdr" class="mstcmmntdhdr" onclick="applySelectedTo('mstcmmntdhdr')"><a href="#" onclick="return false;">Alt Text</a></div> <div id="mstcmmntdhdrTxt"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/energy/fossil-fuels/fixing-the-gulf-oil-leak-blowout-preventers-and-robotic-submarines"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="Deepwater_Horizon_offshore_drilling_unit_on_fire_2010_thumb.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1577687"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">Fixing the Gulf Oil Leak: Blowout Preventers and Robotic Submarines</span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">Fri, April 30, 2010</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">Technology failures that led to the huge spill, …</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/energy/fossil-fuels/fixing-the-gulf-oil-leak-blowout-preventers-and-robotic-submarines#comments">COMMENTS: 132</a></div></span> </div> </a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/solar/breakthrough-in-capturing-lost-energy-in-solar-cells"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="06NW.SolarCell.thumbnail.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1622609"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">Breakthrough in Capturing Lost Energy in Solar Cells</span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">June 2010</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">"Hot carrier" solar cells could be twice as …</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/solar/breakthrough-in-capturing-lost-energy-in-solar-cells#comments">COMMENTS: 19</a></div></span> </div> </a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/wireless/free-the-radio-spectrum"> <div id="lstngMst"> <img class="lstngMstImg fltlft" image="06W.speakoutmeinrath.thumbnail.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1630641"/><span class="lstngHdOrng">Free the Radio Spectrum</span><br/> <span class="lstngHdDate">June 2010</span><br/> <span class="mostDek">Antiquated regulations have made radio spectrum artific…</span> <br/><span class="lstngHdDate"><div class="cmmntNmbrMost fltrt" align="right"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/wireless/free-the-radio-spectrum#comments">COMMENTS: 14</a></div></span> </div> </a> <br class="clearleft"/> </div> </div> <div id="sideAdSub" style="text-align:center;"><br/><div class="callOutTitle" id="anchorAd">ADVERTISEMENT</div> <div id="sideAd1-c" class="div_watch"></div> </div> <div id="sideAdSub"> <div id="showOnLoad"> <br/><div class="callOutTitle" id="anchorSubAd">ADVERTISEMENT</div> <div id="sideAd2-c"></div> </div> </div> <div id="sideCall"> <div style="padding-top:10px;"> <img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/title_midClmn_ftrd.jpg"/> </div> <div id="midClmnFtrd"> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/wireless/free-the-radio-spectrum"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="06W.speakoutmeinrath.thumbnail.jpg" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1630641"/> <span class="lstngHdPrp" style="color:#eb5503">Telecom:</span> <span class="lstngHdDate">06.28.2010</span><br/> <span class="lstngTitleSmll">Free the Radio Spectrum</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln"> Let's manage the airwaves to open up vast … </p> </a> </div> <br class="clearleft"/> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/riskfactor/computing/it/stealing-millions-25-cents-at-a-time"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="Credit-card-new.gif" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1631020"/> <span class="lstngHdPrp" style="color:#294e81">Computing:</span> <span class="lstngHdDate">06.28.2010</span><br/> <span class="lstngTitleSmll">Stealing Millions 25 Cents At A Time</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln"> US Federal Trade Commission Goes After Credit Card… </p> </a> </div> <br class="clearleft"/> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/computing/hardware/dell-tried-to-hide-bad-capacitors-problem"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="dellsmall.jpg" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1631487"/> <span class="lstngHdPrp" style="color:#294e81">Computing:</span> <span class="lstngHdDate">06.29.2010</span><br/> <span class="lstngTitleSmll">Dell Tried to Hide Bad Capacitors Problem 2003-2005</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln"> Bad capacitors. Very bad Dell </p> </a> </div> <br class="clearleft"/> </div> </div>  </div> <div id="gtwyContent"> <div id="gtwyFtrdCntnt"> <div id="gtwyTtl"> <div id="gtwyTtlTxt"><span style="color:#9eba03">Buildings</span></div> <div id="gtwyTtlSlshs">//////</div> </div> <br class="clearleft"/> <div id="gtwySldshw"> <div id="Workspace"> <div id="Carousel2" class="carousel"> <div class="button navButton yllwCrcs"><ul id="circles" class="menuList"><li id="listitem0" onclick="setThisActive('listitem0');" class="menuListOff"><a href="#" onclick="thisVar = '0'; return false;">   </a></li><li id="listitem1" onclick="setThisActive('listitem1');" class="menuListOff"><a href="#" onclick="thisVar = '1'; return false;">   </a></li><li id="listitem2" onclick="setThisActive('listitem2');" class="menuListOff"><a href="#" onclick="thisVar = '2'; return false;">   </a></li><li id="listitem3" onclick="setThisActive('listitem3');" class="menuListOff"><a href="#" onclick="thisVar = '3'; return false;">   </a></li></ul><br class="clearleft"/></div> <div class="button navButton previous" style="display:none;">Back</div> <div class="button navButton next" style="display:none;">More</div> <div id="Viewer" style="display:none;"> <div id="ViewerCaption" class="caption"></div> <div id="ViewerData" class="data"></div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="items" id="theItems"> <div class="item"> <div class="key caption"> <p class="sldShwDt"> March 2010 </p> <br/> </div> <div class="icon"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings/green-living-in-nashville"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1525065"/></a> </div> <div class="picture"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings/green-living-in-nashville"> <div class="sldShwTtlBlk">Green Living in Nashville</div> <div class="sldShwBdy">The city turns a run-down warehouse district into an upscale eco-neighborhood</div> <div class="learnMore sldShwBdyLnk"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings/green-living-in-nashville">LEARN MORE >></a> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <div class="key caption"> <p class="sldShwDt"> Mon, September 28, 2009 </p> <br/> </div> <div class="icon"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/podcast/green-tech/buildings/rebuild-cities-with-water-in-mind"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1334923"/></a> </div> <div class="picture"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/podcast/green-tech/buildings/rebuild-cities-with-water-in-mind"> <div class="sldShwTtlBlk">Rebuild Cities with Water in Mind</div> <div class="sldShwBdy">Water is essential to life, but sometimes a threat as well.</div> <div class="learnMore sldShwBdyLnk"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/podcast/green-tech/buildings/rebuild-cities-with-water-in-mind">LEARN MORE >></a> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <div class="key caption"> <p class="sldShwDt"> Fri, July 31, 2009 </p> <br/> </div> <div class="icon"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/video/green-tech/buildings/dumpling-island"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/882026"/></a> </div> <div class="picture"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/video/green-tech/buildings/dumpling-island"> <div class="sldShwTtlBlk">Dean Kamen Unplugged</div> <div class="sldShwBdy">VIDEO: Millionaire inventor Dean Kamen takes his private island off the electrical grid</div> <div class="learnMore sldShwBdyLnk"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/video/green-tech/buildings/dumpling-island">LEARN MORE >></a> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <div class="key caption"> <p class="sldShwDt"> February 2009 </p> <br/> </div> <div class="icon"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings/tech-titans-building-boom"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/70965"/></a> </div> <div class="picture"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings/tech-titans-building-boom"> <div class="sldShwTtlBlk">Tech Titans Building Boom</div> <div class="sldShwBdy">Google, Microsoft, and other Internet giants race to build the mega data centers that will power cloud computing</div> <div class="learnMore sldShwBdyLnk"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings/tech-titans-building-boom">LEARN MORE >></a> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <div class="key caption"></div> <div class="icon"> </div> <div class="picture"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> function init() { if(!_os) { setTimeout(init, 50); return;} _os.appVersion = "0.2.1"; _os.requireAll('UI', ['behaviors/model.js'], {}); }; var thisVar = 0; document.getElementById('listitem0').className = 'menuListOn'; /// init() is called at end of page (after page load) that featured content in included on </script> </div> </div> <div id="gtwyRt"> <div id="midCall"> <div id="sideCallHd" style="background:url(/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/title_sdClmn_lbry.jpg);"></div> <div id="sideCallList"> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?isnumber=9765&arnumber=465663&punumber=" target="_blank"> <span class="lstngTitleSmll"> User friendly digital image processing system for low energy electron …</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln">The use of the LEED (low energy electron diffraction) methodology for the study of solid-state surfaces is discussed. An image …</p> </a> </div> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?isnumber=4480901&arnumber=4480915&punumber=" target="_blank"> <span class="lstngTitleSmll"> XPS and LEED analyses on the extremely low work function …</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln">XPS and LEED analyses have been done for tungsten (100) surface modified by use of Y2O3. No shift in Y-3d …</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="midCall"> <div style="padding-top:10px;"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/webinar/"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/title_sdClmn_wbnrs.jpg"/></a> </div> <div id="sideCallList"> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/webinar/1579578"> <span class="lstngTitleSmll">Advanced Numerical Simulation for HEV Design</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln">Available Now.  Advanced Numerical Simulation for…</p> </a> </div> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/webinar/1429770"> <span class="lstngTitleSmll">Enabling Electronics for Smart Grid Technologies &…</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln">Available…</p> </a> </div> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/webinar/69574"> <span class="lstngTitleSmll">Physical Verification: The Road Ahead</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln">Available…</p> </a> </div> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/webinar/1595736"> <span class="lstngTitleSmll">Top 10 Clean Energy Business Opportunities</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln">Available Now. IEEE Spectrum presents Build a Better…</p> </a> </div> <div id="lstngMst"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/webinar/1587987"> <span class="lstngTitleSmll">A First Look at COMSOL Multiphysics Version 4.0</span> <p class="lstngCpyPln">Available Now. A First Look at COMSOL Multiphysics…</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="midCall"> </div> </div> <div id="gtwyLft"> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="SolarParasolPixenated.jpg" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1629253"/> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/green-tech/solar/some-new-things-under-the-sun"><span class="lstngTitle">Some New Things Under the Sun</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">Thu, June 24, 2010</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Blog Post:</span> What's cooking at New York City's Cooper Hewitt Design Museum</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/energy/the-smarter-grid/smart-grid-feedback-1"><span class="lstngTitle">Smart Grid Feedback (1)</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">Wed, May 05, 2010</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Blog Post:</span> Readers' comments provide some early warning signs</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="Solon paternoster Credit Kevin Matthews thumb.jpg" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1567039"/> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/green-tech/buildings/lifes-a-paternoster-and-then-you-fly"><span class="lstngTitle">Life's a 'Paternoster' (and then you fly)</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">Tue, April 20, 2010</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Blog Post:</span> Cyclic elevators may be fast and fun but their nonstop power drain seems like a step in the wrong direction</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="LEEDthumb.jpg" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1565971"/> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/podcast/green-tech/buildings/tradition-and-technology-in-harmony"><span class="lstngTitle">Tradition and Technology in Harmony</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">Mon, April 19, 2010</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Podcast:</span> Nashville Earns the Prestigious LEED-ND Certification for Green Neighborhood Development.</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="CIS panel under testing at NREL thumb.gif" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1561449"/> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/green-tech/solar/no-joke-extending-solars-lease-on-life"><span class="lstngTitle">No Joke: Extending Solar's Lease on Life</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">Fri, April 09, 2010</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Blog Post:</span> If solar panels last decades longer than expected, all bets on grid parity could be off</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="geek02-th.jpg" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1525027"/> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings/green-living-in-nashville"><span class="lstngTitle">Green Living in Nashville</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">March 2010</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Article:</span> The city turns a run-down warehouse district into an upscale eco-neighborhood</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="hand01-th.jpg" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1524880"/> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/geek-life/hands-on/the-smart-power-strip"><span class="lstngTitle">The Smart Power Strip</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">March 2010</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Article:</span> A Web-enabled outlet tells you how much power an appliance is consuming and lets you turn it on and off remotely</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/energy/policy/epa-carbon-regulation-is-challenged"><span class="lstngTitle">EPA Carbon Regulation Is Challenged</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">Fri, February 26, 2010</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Blog Post:</span> As the Obama administrlation seeks strong climate legislation, its trump card has been its authority to regulate carbon unilaterally, which the Supreme Court gave EPA four years ago. But that regulation is now being widely challenged.</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/energy/renewables/cash-for-caulkers"><span class="lstngTitle">Cash for Caulkers</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">Wed, December 09, 2009</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Blog Post:</span> Obama floats weatherization program to boost jobs and perhaps strengthen Copenhagen hand</p> </div> <div id="sbchnnlLstng"> <img class="fltlft" height="54" image="logo-main.gif" width="75" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1448255"/> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/semiconductors/devices/energy-management-startup-wins-2009-cleantech-open"><span class="lstngTitle">Energy Management Startup Wins 2009 CleanTech Open</span></a> <div style="font-size: 70%; color: #999;">Thu, November 19, 2009</div> <p class="lstngBody"><span class="lstngCpyBld">Blog Post:</span> EcoFactor takes $250,000 prize</p> </div> <div> <a class="subchannel-pagination subchannel-pagination-older" href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/buildings?offset=10">Next page »</a> </div> </div> <br class="clearright"/>  </div> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> function doThis() { init(); applySelectedTo('mstcmmntdhdr'); ieBrowserAd(); if(document.getElementById('sideAd2-c').offsetHeight <= 20){ document.getElementById('showOnLoad').style.display = "none"; } } window.onload = doThis; </script>   <div id="side-ad1-loader" style="display:none;"> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">if (typeof dc_tile=='undefined') {dc_tile=2;} else {dc_tile++;}if (typeof ord=='undefined') {ord=Math.random()*10000000000000000;}document.write('<script language="JavaScript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ad.doubleclick.net/adj/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;pos=1;tile=' + dc_tile +';sz=120x600,160x600,240x400;ord=' + ord + '?" type="text/javascript"><\/script>');</script><noscript><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;sz=120x600,160x600,240x400;pos=1;tile=2;ord=123456789" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003im_/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;sz=120x600,160x600,240x400;pos=1;tile=2;ord=123456789" border="0" alt=""></a></noscript> </div> <div id="side-ad2-loader" style="display:none;"> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">if (typeof dc_tile=='undefined') {dc_tile=1;} else {dc_tile++;}if (typeof ord=='undefined') {ord=Math.random()*10000000000000000;}document.write('<script language="JavaScript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ad.doubleclick.net/adj/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;pos=2;tile=' + dc_tile +';sz=240x400;ord=' + ord + '?" type="text/javascript"><\/script>');</script><noscript><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;sz=240x400;pos=2;tile=1;ord=123456789" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003im_/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;sz=240x400;pos=2;tile=1;ord=123456789" border="0" alt=""></a></noscript> </div> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $('sideAd1-c').innerHTML = $('side-ad1-loader').innerHTML; $('sideAd2-c').innerHTML = $('side-ad2-loader').innerHTML; </script>  <br class="clearfloat"/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/event/11/54/67/rt/index.html?eventid=115467&sessionid=1&key=B723484B60AF8483BDC9E07BA41129A8&eventuserid=18316439"><div id="bodyCallHdr"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/title_ftrdwhtpprs.jpg"/></div></a> <div id="ftrdwhtpprs"> <div id="whtpprsFtrd"> <img image="ibm.png" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1628938"/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=198438&sessionid=1&key=A695407CB20E0FB9A86F76A59EEE4DE2&partnerref=rss"> IBM: A Practical Approach for Developing Multicore Systems </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsFtrd"> <img image="mentor.jpg" src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/image/1543397"/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=192973&sessionid=1&key=8383B5ED0FF4E0332BE8CC380B36004B&partnerref=rss"> Mentor Graphics: Automated DRC Waiver Management </a> </div> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/event/11/54/67/rt/index.html?eventid=115467&sessionid=1&key=B723484B60AF8483BDC9E07BA41129A8&eventuserid=18316439"><div id="bodyCallHdr"><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/title_whtpprs.jpg"/></div></a> <div id="whtpprs"> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=224649&sessionid=1&key=1454E5C90F05156DF0703ACC8C65BA04&partnerref=rss"> National Instruments: Developing Complex Control for Fuel-Cell-Powered Industrial Vehicles </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=217079&sessionid=1&key=894D69801C6C3DA0514D7AA0934BADF6&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Strategic QA - Steps to Effective Software Quality Assurance </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=217060&sessionid=1&key=184722A7684FC76B40CB46CA086AED70&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Practical approach for developing multi-core wireless systems </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=217057&sessionid=1&key=83CF3E2B8B5F8E969BA6A2D702CC6100&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Modeling AUTOSAR systems with an UML/SysML profile </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=217055&sessionid=1&key=86E96A7C096AE62A51451F49A25D6E10&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Improving traceability and auditability across the development lifecycle </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=217052&sessionid=1&key=80D7D1897E4271AA48D3EBC07DD0A82D&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Driving business success with software reuse </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=217047&sessionid=1&key=7E6DAA542D2A116EA38B98504E943259&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Deliver robust products at reduced cost by linking model-driven software testing to quality management </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=217044&sessionid=1&key=40231EEAC199A15755F0B01DD3E0445B&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Achieving true collaboration in global development </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=217041&sessionid=1&key=1397B124056528E6448C181B8D452792&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Achieving Full Lifecycle Traceability from Requirements to Code at Boston Scientfic </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216878&sessionid=1&key=091EA412ED2412344FD1B6BB81D78320&partnerref=rss"> IBM: A new approach to verifying and validating medical device development. </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216866&sessionid=1&key=7BF9B8E361F418B7C8F089D49E71910C&partnerref=rss"> IBM: 10 Ways to Establish a Strategic Advantage in Managing Change </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216838&sessionid=1&key=48A7F0D10C660A41CDEB1218AD38CB8C&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Turning Product Development into Competitive Advantage </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216833&sessionid=1&key=E5C596C54C972D9E500C6A40466141C2&partnerref=rss"> IBM Smarter Products Webcast:  The Payoff of Driving Requirements Management Across Product Development </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216828&sessionid=1&key=CE69097BF410BB0F899AA84054CB3527&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Driving product strategy from the top-down: How to align business objectives with technical objectives </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216826&sessionid=1&key=09E43EFE78BA5676281EEC3FF7474D95&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Smarter system development: a systems engineering trade study to support green initiatives with model-driven development. </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216824&sessionid=1&key=2F04205C6BD5B38D0902FF32D48ECE49&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Enterprise Engineering at Boeing: Using Systems Engineering principles to capture and manage business value </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216806&sessionid=1&key=34F8FA4AAD80EF240487C4FB7A4DB4F1&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Leveraging the model-driven development and software product line engineering synergy for success </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216785&sessionid=1&key=CA4A1CAC61813A65F79CB08F8918128E&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Three keys to exceeding your customer's quality expectations </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/r.htm?e=224649&s=1&k=1454E5C90F05156DF0703ACC8C65BA04&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Developing Complex Control for Fuel-Cell-Powered Industrial Vehicles </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=216776&sessionid=1&key=D30FB3EE19BAC77D2BDF9504902EF6C4&partnerref=rss"> IBM: Five CIO challenges addressed by better change management </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=211301&sessionid=1&key=C51129238CD867D8266B812029B93091&partnerref=rss"> Mentor Graphics: An Innovative Method to Automate the Waiver of IP-Level DRC Violations </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=208793&sessionid=1&key=49B98B037F0A4981495B978F8A9A6C08&partnerref=rss"> National Instruments: Eight Rules for Prototyping </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=204936&sessionid=1&key=CC455F2CF6A33349E8290FEA2933E81B&partnerref=rss"> Keithley: Integrating Ultra-Fast Waveform Generation and Measurement with Traditional DC I-V and C-V Measurements </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=203893&sessionid=1&key=79BDB5F3F83082DCD9CDFAEC6D4D5383&partnerref=rss"> APC: Allocating data center energy costs and carbon to IT users </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=199493&sessionid=1&key=60A71478199ECD2DF081EE5201BE8275&partnerref=rss"> Optimax: Asphere Metrology: Options for Measuring Aspheric Lenses </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=199489&sessionid=1&key=86E9081531DD7DDA93695B580B5E6AC6&partnerref=rss"> Mocana: Best Practices for Testing Secure Applications for Embedded Devices </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=188783&sessionid=1&key=E1E1485FDB8BEFE1098B8164E10ADA52&partnerref=rss"> Mocana: Free Trial Software: NanoCrypto for Embedded Systems </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=187085&sessionid=1&key=105261CA5C727A5B0379091077AE7855&partnerref=rss"> Mentor Graphics: Developing a Complete Critical Feature Analysis Solution - Part 1: What Is CFA and Why Do … </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=171340&sessionid=1&key=28B146A3418CFBB33EA65BDE6890AD30&partnerref=rss"> National Instruments: Build versus Buy - Understanding the Total Cost of Embedded Design </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=151100&sessionid=1&key=526319F0410CEFB85048E691D0161ADE&partnerref=rss"> Texas Instruments: Protecting RS-485 Interfaces Against Lethal Electrical </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/https://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/EventLobbyServlet?target=registration.jsp&eventid=112481&sessionid=1&key=7AAB4AACD15132D1CE0D4DB8601632D7&sourcepage=register"> COMSOL: Multiphysics Simulation Software </a> </div> <div id="whtpprsBlock"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/prereg/register.jsp?eventid=144350&sessionid=1&key=DB1230AB41A8EFA0D525751783DFE130&partnerref=rss"> Dassault Systemes: Go Beyond Compliance for Profitability and Environmental Sustainability </a> </div> <br class="clearfloat"/> </div> <br class="clearfloat"/>  </div>  </div>  <div id="footer"> <div id="bannerBot"><span class="callOutTitle">ADVERTISEMENT</span><br/> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">if (typeof dc_tile=='undefined') {dc_tile=1;} else {dc_tile++;}if (typeof ord=='undefined') {ord=Math.random()*10000000000000000;}document.write('<script language="JavaScript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ad.doubleclick.net/adj/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;pos=2;tile=' + dc_tile +';sz=728x90;ord=' + ord + '?" type="text/javascript"><\/script>');</script><noscript><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;sz=728x90;pos=2;tile=1;ord=123456789" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003im_/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;sz=728x90;pos=2;tile=1;ord=123456789" border="0" alt=""></a></noscript> </div> <div id="footNav"><a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/aboutus" class="footLink">ABOUT SPECTRUM</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/contactus" class="footLink">CONTACT US</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/privacy" class="footLink">PRIVACY POLICY</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/terms" class="footLink">TERMS OF USE</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://www.ieee.org/nondiscrimination" class="footLink">NONDISCRIMINATION POLICY</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/media-center" class="footLink">ADVERTISING MEDIA CENTER</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://careers.ieee.org/" class="footLink">IEEE JOB SITE</a> <a href="/web/20100706072003/http://spectrum.ieee.org/static/rss" class="footLink">RSS</a></div> </div> <img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_arspce_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_atwork_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_bmdcl_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_cmptng_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_cnsmr_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_energy_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_geeklife_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_grntch_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_rbtcs_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_smcndctrs_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_tlcm_hvr.gif" class="hiddenPic"/> <img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_arspce_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_atwork_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_bmdcl_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_cmptng_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_cnsmr_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_energy_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_geeklife_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_grntch_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_rbtcs_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_smcndctrs_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/><img src="/web/20100706072003im_/http://spectrum.ieee.org/imgs_cntnt/topnav_tlcm_off.gif" class="hiddenPic"/>   <noscript><img border="0" name="DCSIMG" width="1" alt="" height="1" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003im_/http://scout.ieee.org/dcss1w4f4p0lhbrluwog4uoqh_1v6i/njs.gif?dcsuri=/portal/site&WT.js=No"></noscript>   <div id="top-ad-loader" style="display:none;"> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">if (typeof dc_tile=='undefined') {dc_tile=1;} else {dc_tile++;}if (typeof ord=='undefined') {ord=Math.random()*10000000000000000;}document.write('<script language="JavaScript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ad.doubleclick.net/adj/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;pos=1;tile=' + dc_tile +';dcopt=ist;sz=728x90;ord=' + ord + '?" type="text/javascript"><\/script>');</script><noscript><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;sz=728x90;pos=1;tile=1;ord=123456789" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003im_/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/f.site220.tmus/green-tech;sz=728x90;pos=1;tile=1;ord=123456789" border="0" alt=""></a></noscript> </div> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $('bannerTop-c').innerHTML = $('top-ad-loader').innerHTML; </script> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript"> document.write("<img src='https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://www.magnetmail1.net/link_tracking/track_client_link.cfm?mm_urlname=" + escape(location.href) + "' width='1' height='1' border='0'>"); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706072003js_/http://www.google-analytics.com/urchin.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> _uacct = "UA-747464-1"; urchinTracker(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function ss_track(slideshow_image, image_number, image_name, image_caption, path_to_assets){ //alert(slideshow_image); urchinTracker(slideshow_image); getURL(); } </script>   <script type="text/javascript"> var _rsCI="us-bpaww"; var _rsCG="0"; var _rsDN="//web.archive.org/web/20100706072003/http://secure-us.imrworldwide.com/"; var _rsPLfl=0; var _rsSE=1; var _rsSM=1.0; var _rsCL=1; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20100706072003js_/http://secure-us.imrworldwide.com/v53.js"></script> <noscript> <div><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20100706072003im_/http://secure-us.imrworldwide.com/cgi-bin/m?ci=us-bpaww&cg=0&cc=1" alt=""/></div> </noscript>  </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

IEEE Spectrum: Buildings