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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-SYK_inhibition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SYK_inhibition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>SYK inhibition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SYK_inhibition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epithelial_malignancies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epithelial_malignancies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Epithelial malignancies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epithelial_malignancies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Interactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interactions-sublist" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syk&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Syk">Syk</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width:26.4em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">SYK</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Protein_SYK_PDB_1a81.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Protein_SYK_PDB_1a81.png/250px-Protein_SYK_PDB_1a81.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Protein_SYK_PDB_1a81.png/375px-Protein_SYK_PDB_1a81.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Protein_SYK_PDB_1a81.png/500px-Protein_SYK_PDB_1a81.png 2x" data-file-width="1015" data-file-height="928" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">Available structures</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit;width:43px"><a href="/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a></th><td colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit">Ortholog search: <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/searchResults.html?display=both&term=P48025%20or%20P43405">PDBe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/search?q=rcsb_polymer_entity_container_identifiers.reference_sequence_identifiers.database_name:UniProt%20AND%20rcsb_polymer_entity_container_identifiers.reference_sequence_identifiers.database_accession:P48025,P43405">RCSB</a> </span></td></tr><tr><td><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr style="text-align:center"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">List of PDB id codes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1A81">1A81</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1CSY">1CSY</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1CSZ">1CSZ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1XBA">1XBA</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1XBB">1XBB</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1XBC">1XBC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3BUW">3BUW</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3EMG">3EMG</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3FQE">3FQE</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3FQH">3FQH</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3FQS">3FQS</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3SRV">3SRV</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4PX6">4PX6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4RX7">4RX7</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4RX8">4RX8</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4RX9">4RX9</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5CXH">5CXH</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5CXZ">5CXZ</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5CY3">5CY3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XG6">4XG6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XG2">4XG2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XG3">4XG3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XG8">4XG8</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XG7">4XG7</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4YJR">4YJR</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4YJP">4YJP</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5C27">5C27</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4RSS">4RSS</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XG4">4XG4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5C26">5C26</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4YJV">4YJV</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4YJO">4YJO</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4WNM">4WNM</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4YJT">4YJT</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4YJU">4YJU</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4YJS">4YJS</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4XG9">4XG9</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5GHV">5GHV</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Gene_nomenclature" title="Gene nomenclature">Aliases</a></span></th><td colspan="3" style="background:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/11491">SYK</a></span>, p72-Syk, spleen tyrosine kinase, spleen associated tyrosine kinase, IMD82</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">External IDs</th><td colspan="3" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omim.org/entry/600085">600085</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mouse_Genome_Informatics" title="Mouse Genome Informatics">MGI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:99515">99515</a>; <a href="/wiki/HomoloGene" title="HomoloGene">HomoloGene</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=homologene&dopt=HomoloGene&list_uids=2390">2390</a>; <a href="/wiki/GeneCards" title="GeneCards">GeneCards</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=SYK">SYK</a>; <a href="/wiki/Orthologous_MAtrix" title="Orthologous MAtrix">OMA</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omabrowser.org/oma/vps/ENSG00000165025">SYK - orthologs</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">Gene location (<a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">Human</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_human_chromosome_9.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 9 (human)"><img alt="Chromosome 9 (human)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Ideogram_human_chromosome_9.svg/300px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_9.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Ideogram_human_chromosome_9.svg/450px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Ideogram_human_chromosome_9.svg/600px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_9.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="189" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" width="15%" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">Chr.</a></th><td colspan="3" width="85%" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome_9_(human)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromosome 9 (human)">Chromosome 9 (human)</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div align="center"><div style="position: relative; width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_chromosome_9_ideogram.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 9 (human)"><img alt="Chromosome 9 (human)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Human_chromosome_9_ideogram.svg/300px-Human_chromosome_9_ideogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Human_chromosome_9_ideogram.svg/450px-Human_chromosome_9_ideogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Human_chromosome_9_ideogram.svg/600px-Human_chromosome_9_ideogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><div style="position: absolute; left: 187.68577100076px; top: 2px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for SYK"><img alt="Genomic location for SYK" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/14px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/21px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/28px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div><div style="position: absolute; left: 193.7px; top: 19px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_rectangle_2x18.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for SYK"><img alt="Genomic location for SYK" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Red_rectangle_2x18.png" decoding="async" width="2" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2" data-file-height="18" /></a></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2" width="15%" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Locus_(genetics)" title="Locus (genetics)">Band</a></th><td rowspan="2" width="35%" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">9q22.2</span></td><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">Start</th><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">90,801,787 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">End</th><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">90,898,549 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">Gene location (<a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">Mouse</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 13 (mouse)"><img alt="Chromosome 13 (mouse)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg/260px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg/390px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg/520px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" width="15%" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">Chr.</a></th><td colspan="3" width="85%" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">Chromosome 13 (mouse)<sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div align="center"><div style="position: relative; width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 13 (mouse)"><img alt="Chromosome 13 (mouse)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg/300px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg/450px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg/600px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_13.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="231" /></a></span><div style="position: absolute; left: 123.49223676373px; top: 2px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for SYK"><img alt="Genomic location for SYK" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/14px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/21px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/28px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div><div style="position: absolute; left: 129.5px; top: 19px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_rectangle_2x18.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for SYK"><img alt="Genomic location for SYK" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Red_rectangle_2x18.png" decoding="async" width="2" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2" data-file-height="18" /></a></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2" width="15%" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Locus_(genetics)" title="Locus (genetics)">Band</a></th><td rowspan="2" width="35%" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">13 A5|13 27.41 cM</span></td><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">Start</th><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">52,737,209 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">End</th><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">52,802,828 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Gene_expression" title="Gene expression">RNA expression</a> pattern</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/">Bgee</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th><b><a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">Human</a></b></th><th><b><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">Mouse</a> (ortholog)</b></th></tr><tr><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks" style="margin:-3px"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSG00000165025">Top expressed in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><div class="plainlinks" style="margin:-12px 0px -10px 0px"><ul style="line-height:15%;margin:9px"><li style="line-height: 137%;">monocyte</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">granulocyte</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">blood</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">epithelium of nasopharynx</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">bone marrow cells</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">appendix</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">trabecular bone</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">lymph node</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">spleen</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">jejunal mucosa</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks" style="margin:-3px"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSMUSG00000021457">Top expressed in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><div class="plainlinks" style="margin:-12px 0px -10px 0px"><ul style="line-height:15%;margin:9px"><li style="line-height: 137%;">granulocyte</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">spleen</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">tibiofemoral joint</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">blood</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">mesenteric lymph nodes</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">stroma of bone marrow</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">Ileal epithelium</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">ankle joint</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">subcutaneous adipose tissue</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">lumbar subsegment of spinal cord</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSG00000165025">More reference expression data</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biogps.org/">BioGPS</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_SYK_209269_s_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PBB_GE_SYK_209269_s_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_SYK_209269_s_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PBB_GE_SYK_209269_s_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_SYK_209269_s_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PBB_GE_SYK_209269_s_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_SYK_209269_s_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_SYK_207540_s_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/PBB_GE_SYK_207540_s_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_SYK_207540_s_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/PBB_GE_SYK_207540_s_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_SYK_207540_s_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/PBB_GE_SYK_207540_s_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_SYK_207540_s_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biogps.org/gene/6850/">More reference expression data</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Gene_ontology" class="mw-redirect" title="Gene ontology">Gene ontology</a></th></tr><tr><td style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit;font-weight:bold">Molecular function</td><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016301">kinase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005524">ATP binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004672">protein kinase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004715">non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004674">protein serine/threonine kinase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016740">transferase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005178">integrin binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005515">protein binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0004713">protein tyrosine kinase activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019901">protein kinase binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000166">nucleotide binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019902">phosphatase binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035325">Toll-like receptor binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001784">phosphotyrosine residue binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042169">SH2 domain binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016170">interleukin-15 receptor binding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit;font-weight:bold">Cellular component</td><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005737">cytoplasm</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005829">cytosol</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020">membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031234">extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005634">nucleus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032009">early phagosome</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019815">B cell receptor complex</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005886">plasma membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042101">T cell receptor complex</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032991">protein-containing complex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit;font-weight:bold">Biological process</td><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007159">leukocyte cell-cell adhesion</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002250">adaptive immune response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002092">positive regulation of receptor internalization</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002283">neutrophil activation involved in immune response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030168">platelet activation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0038095">Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006468">protein phosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007166">cell surface receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0051090">regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001820">serotonin secretion</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001525">angiogenesis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009887">animal organ morphogenesis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033630">positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008283">cell population proliferation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0090330">regulation of platelet aggregation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0050853">B cell receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0050850">positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048514">blood vessel morphogenesis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0038096">Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007169">transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010803">regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002554">serotonin secretion by platelet</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0071404">cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002223">stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001945">lymph vessel development</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030593">neutrophil chemotaxis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002281">macrophage activation involved in immune response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042742">defense response to bacterium</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046641">positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070372">regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0050731">positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046777">protein autophosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019370">leukotriene biosynthetic process</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016032">viral process</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046638">positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0071226">cellular response to molecule of fungal origin</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043313">regulation of neutrophil degranulation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016310">phosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002376">immune system process</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045579">positive regulation of B cell differentiation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043366">beta selection</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002366">leukocyte activation involved in immune response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0038083">peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007229">integrin-mediated signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032928">regulation of superoxide anion generation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007167">enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035556">intracellular signal transduction</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031623">receptor internalization</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045780">positive regulation of bone resorption</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043306">positive regulation of mast cell degranulation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0090237">regulation of arachidonic acid secretion</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0018105">peptidyl-serine phosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0018108">peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0050764">regulation of phagocytosis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010543">regulation of platelet activation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045588">positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032481">positive regulation of type I interferon production</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006954">inflammatory response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045087">innate immune response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0038063">collagen-activated tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:1900086">positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006606">protein import into nucleus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032753">positive regulation of interleukin-4 production</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0038110">interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0038156">interleukin-3-mediated signaling pathway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0120162">positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031334">positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043280">positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit;text-align:center">Sources:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/">Amigo</a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/">QuickGO</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Orthologs" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthologs">Orthologs</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">Species</th><td><b>Human</b></td><td><b>Mouse</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Entrez" title="Entrez">Entrez</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=6850&rn=1">6850</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=20963&rn=1">20963</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Ensembl" class="mw-redirect" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000165025;db=core">ENSG00000165025</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/geneview?gene=ENSMUSG00000021457;db=core">ENSMUSG00000021457</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P43405">P43405</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P48025">P48025</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">RefSeq (mRNA)</th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001135052">NM_001135052</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001174167">NM_001174167</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001174168">NM_001174168</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_003177">NM_003177</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001198977">NM_001198977</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_011518">NM_011518</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">RefSeq (protein)</th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001128524">NP_001128524</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001167638">NP_001167638</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001167639">NP_001167639</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_003168">NP_003168</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001185906">NP_001185906</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_035648">NP_035648</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">Location (UCSC)</th><td><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&db=hg38&position=chr9:90801787-90898549">Chr 9: 90.8 – 90.9 Mb</a></span></td><td><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Mouse&db=mm0&position=chr13:52737209-52802828">Chr 13: 52.74 – 52.8 Mb</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a> search</th><td><span class="plainlinks"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td><td><span class="plainlinks"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14907337" class="extiw" title="d:Q14907337">View/Edit Human</a></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14907338" class="extiw" title="d:Q14907338">View/Edit Mouse</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK</b>, also known as <b>spleen tyrosine kinase</b>, is an <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzyme</a> which in humans is encoded by the <i>SYK</i> <a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">gene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-entrez_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-entrez-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid1423621_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1423621-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid8082894_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid8082894-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrosine-protein_kinase_SYK&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SYK, along with <a href="/wiki/ZAP70" title="ZAP70">ZAP70</a>, is a member of the Syk family of <a href="/wiki/Tyrosine_kinase" title="Tyrosine kinase">tyrosine kinases</a>. These cytoplasmic <a href="/wiki/Non-receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="Non-receptor tyrosine kinase">non-receptor tyrosine kinases</a> share a characteristic dual <a href="/wiki/SH2_domain" title="SH2 domain">SH2 domain</a> separated by a linker domain. However, activation of SYK relies less on phosphorylation by Src family kinases than ZAP70.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SYK and ZAP70 share a common <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">evolutionary</a> origin and split from a <a href="/wiki/Most_recent_common_ancestor" title="Most recent common ancestor">common ancestor</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Jawed_vertebrates" class="mw-redirect" title="Jawed vertebrates">jawed vertebrates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid29881386_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid29881386-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Syk and ZAP70 are primarily expressed in hematopoietic tissues, a variety of tissues express Syk. Within <a href="/wiki/B_cell" title="B cell">B</a> and <a href="/wiki/T_cell" title="T cell">T cells</a>, respectively, Syk and ZAP70 transmit signals from the <a href="/wiki/B-cell_receptor" title="B-cell receptor">B-cell receptor</a> and <a href="/wiki/T-cell_receptor" title="T-cell receptor">T-cell receptor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Syk plays a similar role in transmitting signals from a variety of cell surface receptors including <a href="/wiki/CD74" title="CD74">CD74</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fc_receptor" title="Fc receptor">Fc receptor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Integrin" title="Integrin">integrins</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Function_during_development">Function during development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrosine-protein_kinase_SYK&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Function during development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mice that lack Syk completely (Syk<sup>−/−</sup>, Syk-knockout) die during embryonic development around midgestation. They show severe defects in the development of the lymphatic system. Normally, the lymphatic system and the blood system are strictly separated from each other. However, in Syk deficient mice the lymphatics and the blood vessels form abnormal shunts, leading to leakage of blood into the lymphatic system. The reason for this phenotype was identified by a genetic fate mapping approach, showing that Syk is expressed in myeloid cells which orchestrate the proper separation of lymphatics and blood system during embryogenesis and beyond. Thus, Syk is an essential regulator of the lymphatic system development in mice.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid20230750_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid20230750-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrosine-protein_kinase_SYK&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abnormal function of Syk has been implicated in several instances of hematopoietic malignancies including translocations involving <a href="/wiki/ITK_(gene)" title="ITK (gene)">Itk</a> and <a href="/wiki/ETV6" title="ETV6">Tel</a>. Constitutive Syk activity can transform B cells. Several transforming viruses contain "<a href="/wiki/Immunoreceptor_tyrosine-based_activation_motif" title="Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif">Immunoreceptor Tyrosine Activation Motifs</a>" (ITAMs) which lead to activation of Syk including <a href="/wiki/Epstein%E2%80%93Barr_virus" title="Epstein–Barr virus">Epstein–Barr virus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bovine_leukemia_virus" title="Bovine leukemia virus">bovine leukemia virus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mouse_mammary_tumor_virus" title="Mouse mammary tumor virus">mouse mammary tumor virus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SYK_inhibition">SYK inhibition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrosine-protein_kinase_SYK&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: SYK inhibition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Given the central role of SYK in transmission of activating signals within B-cells, a suppression of this tyrosine kinase might aid in the treatment of B cell malignancies and <a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_disease" title="Autoimmune disease">autoimmune diseases</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Syk inhibition has been proposed as a therapy for both <a href="/wiki/Lymphoma" title="Lymphoma">lymphoma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia" title="Chronic lymphocytic leukemia">chronic lymphocytic leukemia</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Syk inhibitors are in clinical development, including <a href="/wiki/Cerdulatinib" title="Cerdulatinib">cerdulatinib</a> and <a href="/wiki/Entospletinib" title="Entospletinib">entospletinib</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid27247756_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid27247756-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other inhibitors of <a href="/wiki/B-cell_receptor" title="B-cell receptor">B-cell receptor</a> (BCR) signaling including <a href="/wiki/Ibrutinib" title="Ibrutinib">ibrutinib</a> (PCI-32765) which inhibits BTK,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid27641927_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid27641927-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Idelalisib" title="Idelalisib">idelalisib</a> (PI3K inhibitor - CAL-101 / GS-1101) showed activity in the diseases as well.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid27252232_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid27252232-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The orally active SYK inhibitor <a href="/wiki/Fostamatinib" title="Fostamatinib">fostamatinib</a> (R788) in the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Immune_thrombocytopenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Immune thrombocytopenia">immune thrombocytopenia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24610702_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24610702-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Syk inhibitor <a href="/wiki/Nilvadipine" title="Nilvadipine">nilvadipine</a> has been shown to regulate amyloid-β production and <a href="/wiki/Tau_protein" title="Tau protein">Tau</a> phosphorylation and hence has been proposed as a treatment for <a href="/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease" title="Alzheimer's disease">Alzheimer's disease</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has entered phase III clinical trials.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epithelial_malignancies">Epithelial malignancies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrosine-protein_kinase_SYK&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Epithelial malignancies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The role of Syk in epithelial malignancies is controversial. Several authors have suggested that abnormal Syk function facilitates transformation in <a href="/wiki/Nasopharyngeal_carcinoma" title="Nasopharyngeal carcinoma">Nasopharyngeal carcinoma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Head_and_neck_cancer" title="Head and neck cancer">head and neck cancer</a> while other authors have suggested a tumor suppressor role in <a href="/wiki/Breast_cancer" title="Breast cancer">breast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gastric_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastric cancer">gastric cancer</a>. </p><p>Without Syk, the protein it makes, and genetic disruption in a panel of 55 genes thought also to be controlled by Syk, <a href="/wiki/Breast" title="Breast">breast</a> <a href="/wiki/Ductal_carcinoma_in_situ" title="Ductal carcinoma in situ">ductal carcinoma in situ</a> (breast DCIS, which can become invasive), it is believed that the cancer has a markedly increased tendency to invade and metastasize.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24523870_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24523870-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interactions">Interactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrosine-protein_kinase_SYK&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Interactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Syk has been shown to <a href="/wiki/Protein-protein_interaction" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein-protein interaction">interact</a> with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cbl_gene" class="mw-redirect" title="Cbl gene">Cbl gene</a><sup id="cite_ref-pmid11331248_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11331248-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid9857068_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9857068-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid12435267_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid12435267-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRKL" title="CRKL">CRKL</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid11313252_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11313252-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCGR2A" title="FCGR2A">FCGR2A</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9268059_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9268059-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid11141335_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11141335-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FYN" title="FYN">FYN</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9535867_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9535867-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid9169439_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9169439-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grb2" class="mw-redirect" title="Grb2">Grb2</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid10747947_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10747947-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid11964172_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11964172-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lck" class="mw-redirect" title="Lck">Lck</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid7539035_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid7539035-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LYN" title="LYN">LYN</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid7831290_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid7831290-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTK2" title="PTK2">PTK2</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9342235_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9342235-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTPN6" title="PTPN6">PTPN6</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid10747947_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10747947-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid10072516_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10072516-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAV1" title="VAV1">VAV1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid11331248_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11331248-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid8986718_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid8986718-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid8900182_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid8900182-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrosine-protein_kinase_SYK&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000165025">GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165025</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ensembl_genome_database_project" title="Ensembl genome database project">Ensembl</a>, May 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSMUSG00000021457">GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021457</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ensembl_genome_database_project" title="Ensembl genome database project">Ensembl</a>, May 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=6850">"Human PubMed Reference:"</a>. <i>National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunity&rft.atitle=Functional+and+physical+interactions+of+Syk+family+kinases+with+the+Vav+proto-oncogene+product&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E591-%3C%2Fspan%3E604&rft.date=1996-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS1074-7613%2800%2980273-3&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8986718&rft.aulast=Deckert&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Tartare-Deckert%2C+S&rft.au=Couture%2C+C&rft.au=Mustelin%2C+T&rft.au=Altman%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252FS1074-7613%252800%252980273-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATyrosine-protein+kinase+SYK" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid8900182-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid8900182_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSongGomezStancatoRivera1996" 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"Tyrosine kinase SYK: essential functions for immunoreceptor signalling". <i>Immunology Today</i>. <b>21</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">148–</span>54. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0167-5699%2899%2901574-1">10.1016/S0167-5699(99)01574-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10689303">10689303</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunology+Today&rft.atitle=Tyrosine+kinase+SYK%3A+essential+functions+for+immunoreceptor+signalling&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E148-%3C%2Fspan%3E54&rft.date=2000-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0167-5699%2899%2901574-1&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10689303&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Schweighoffer%2C+E&rft.au=Colucci%2C+F&rft.au=Di+Santo%2C+JP&rft.au=Tybulewicz%2C+VL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATyrosine-protein+kinase+SYK" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFrumanSatterthwaiteWitte2000" class="citation journal cs1">Fruman DA, Satterthwaite AB, Witte ON (July 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1074-7613%2800%2900002-9">"Xid-like phenotypes: a B cell signalosome takes shape"</a>. <i>Immunity</i>. <b>13</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>3. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1074-7613%2800%2900002-9">10.1016/S1074-7613(00)00002-9</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10933389">10933389</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunity&rft.atitle=Xid-like+phenotypes%3A+a+B+cell+signalosome+takes+shape&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E3&rft.date=2000-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS1074-7613%2800%2900002-9&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10933389&rft.aulast=Fruman&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.au=Satterthwaite%2C+AB&rft.au=Witte%2C+ON&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252FS1074-7613%252800%252900002-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATyrosine-protein+kinase+SYK" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYanagiInatomeTakanoYamamura2001" class="citation journal cs1">Yanagi S, Inatome R, Takano T, Yamamura H (November 2001). 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class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?name=Syk+kinase">Syk+kinase</a> at the U.S. National Library of Medicine <a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">Medical Subject Headings</a> (MeSH)</li> <li>Overview of all the structural information available in the <a href="/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> for <a href="/wiki/UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/pdbe-kb/proteins/P43405">P43405</a></i> (Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK) at the <a href="/wiki/PDBe-KB" title="PDBe-KB">PDBe-KB</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-file-description" title="1a81: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE TANDEM SH2 DOMAIN OF THE SYK KINASE BOUND TO A DUALLY TYROSINE-PHOSPHORYLATED ITAM"><img alt="1a81: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE TANDEM SH2 DOMAIN OF THE SYK KINASE BOUND TO A DUALLY TYROSINE-PHOSPHORYLATED ITAM" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/PDB_1a81_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1a81_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/PDB_1a81_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1a81_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/PDB_1a81_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1a81_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1a81</b>: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE TANDEM SH2 DOMAIN OF THE SYK KINASE BOUND TO A DUALLY TYROSINE-PHOSPHORYLATED ITAM</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1csy_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1csy: SYK TYROSINE KINASE C-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN COMPLEXED WITH A PHOSPHOPEPTIDEFROM THE GAMMA CHAIN OF THE HIGH AFFINITY IMMUNOGLOBIN G RECEPTOR, NMR"><img alt="1csy: SYK TYROSINE KINASE C-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN COMPLEXED WITH A PHOSPHOPEPTIDEFROM THE GAMMA CHAIN OF THE HIGH AFFINITY IMMUNOGLOBIN G RECEPTOR, NMR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/PDB_1csy_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1csy_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/PDB_1csy_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1csy_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/PDB_1csy_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1csy_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1csy</b>: SYK TYROSINE KINASE C-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN COMPLEXED WITH A PHOSPHOPEPTIDEFROM THE GAMMA CHAIN OF THE HIGH AFFINITY IMMUNOGLOBIN G RECEPTOR, NMR</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1csz_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1csz: SYK TYROSINE KINASE C-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN COMPLEXED WITH A PHOSPHOPEPTIDEFROM THE GAMMA CHAIN OF THE HIGH AFFINITY IMMUNOGLOBIN G RECEPTOR, NMR"><img alt="1csz: SYK TYROSINE KINASE C-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN COMPLEXED WITH A PHOSPHOPEPTIDEFROM THE GAMMA CHAIN OF THE HIGH AFFINITY IMMUNOGLOBIN G RECEPTOR, NMR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/PDB_1csz_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1csz_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/PDB_1csz_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1csz_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/PDB_1csz_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1csz_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1csz</b>: SYK TYROSINE KINASE C-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN COMPLEXED WITH A PHOSPHOPEPTIDEFROM THE GAMMA CHAIN OF THE HIGH AFFINITY IMMUNOGLOBIN G RECEPTOR, NMR</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1xba_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1xba: Crystal structure of apo syk tyrosine kinase domain"><img alt="1xba: Crystal structure of apo syk tyrosine kinase domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/PDB_1xba_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1xba_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/PDB_1xba_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1xba_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/PDB_1xba_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1xba_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1xba</b>: Crystal structure of apo syk tyrosine kinase domain</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1xbb_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1xbb: Crystal structure of the syk tyrosine kinase domain with Gleevec"><img alt="1xbb: Crystal structure of the syk tyrosine kinase domain with Gleevec" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/PDB_1xbb_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1xbb_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/PDB_1xbb_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1xbb_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/PDB_1xbb_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1xbb_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1xbb</b>: Crystal structure of the syk tyrosine kinase domain with Gleevec</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PDB_1xbc_EBI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1xbc: Crystal structure of the syk tyrosine kinase domain with Staurosporin"><img alt="1xbc: Crystal structure of the syk tyrosine kinase domain with Staurosporin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/PDB_1xbc_EBI.jpg/180px-PDB_1xbc_EBI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/PDB_1xbc_EBI.jpg/270px-PDB_1xbc_EBI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/PDB_1xbc_EBI.jpg/360px-PDB_1xbc_EBI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1xbc</b>: Crystal structure of the syk tyrosine kinase domain with Staurosporin</div> </li> </ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Protein_kinases:_tyrosine_kinases_(EC_2.7.10)82" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tyrosine_kinases" title="Template:Tyrosine kinases"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tyrosine_kinases" title="Template talk:Tyrosine kinases"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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2.7.10.1)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Growth_factor_receptor" title="Growth factor receptor">Growth factor receptors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ErbB" title="ErbB">EGF receptor family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epidermal_growth_factor_receptor" title="Epidermal growth factor receptor">EGFR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HER2/neu" class="mw-redirect" title="HER2/neu">ERBB2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ERBB3" title="ERBB3">ERBB3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ERBB4" title="ERBB4">ERBB4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Insulin_receptor" title="Insulin receptor">Insulin receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_1_receptor" title="Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor">IGF1R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insulin_receptor" title="Insulin receptor">INSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INSRR" title="INSRR">INSRR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/RTK_class_III" title="RTK class III">PDGF receptor family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_stimulating_factor_1_receptor" title="Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor">CSF1R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD135" title="CD135">FLT3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD117" class="mw-redirect" title="CD117">KIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platelet-derived_growth_factor_receptor" title="Platelet-derived growth factor receptor">PDGFR</a> (<a href="/wiki/PDGFRA" class="mw-redirect" title="PDGFRA">PDGFRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDGFRB" title="PDGFRB">PDGFRB</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor">FGF receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_1" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1">FGFR1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_2" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2">FGFR2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_3" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3">FGFR3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_4" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4">FGFR4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/VEGF_receptors" class="mw-redirect" title="VEGF receptors">VEGF receptors</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FLT1" class="mw-redirect" title="FLT1">VEGFR1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinase_insert_domain_receptor" title="Kinase insert domain receptor">VEGFR2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VEGFR3" class="mw-redirect" title="VEGFR3">VEGFR3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/C-Met" class="mw-redirect" title="C-Met">HGF receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-Met" class="mw-redirect" title="C-Met">MET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MST1R" title="MST1R">RON</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trk_receptor" title="Trk receptor">Trk receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TrkA_receptor" class="mw-redirect" title="TrkA receptor">NTRK1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTRK2" class="mw-redirect" title="NTRK2">NTRK2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTRK3" class="mw-redirect" title="NTRK3">NTRK3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ephrin_receptor" title="Ephrin receptor">EPH receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EPH_receptor_A1" title="EPH receptor A1">EPHA1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPH_receptor_A2" title="EPH receptor A2">EPHA2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPH_receptor_A3" title="EPH receptor A3">EPHA3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPH_receptor_A4" title="EPH receptor A4">EPHA4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPH_receptor_A5" title="EPH receptor A5">EPHA5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPHA6" title="EPHA6">EPHA6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPHA7" title="EPHA7">EPHA7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPHA8" title="EPHA8">EPHA8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPH_receptor_B1" title="EPH receptor B1">EPHB1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPH_receptor_B2" title="EPH receptor B2">EPHB2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPHB3" title="EPHB3">EPHB3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPH_receptor_B4" title="EPH receptor B4">EPHB4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EPHB5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EPHB5 (page does not exist)">EPHB5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPHB6" title="EPHB6">EPHB6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EPHX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EPHX (page does not exist)">EPHX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leukocyte_receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="Leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase">LTK receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leukocyte_receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="Leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase">LTK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaplastic_lymphoma_kinase" title="Anaplastic lymphoma kinase">ALK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angiopoietin_receptor" title="Angiopoietin receptor">TIE receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TIE1" title="TIE1">TIE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TEK_tyrosine_kinase" title="TEK tyrosine kinase">TEK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Receptor_tyrosine_kinase-like_orphan_receptor" title="Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor">ROR receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ROR1" title="ROR1">ROR1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROR2" title="ROR2">ROR2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DDR1" title="DDR1">DDR receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DDR1" title="DDR1">DDR1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discoidin_domain-containing_receptor_2" title="Discoidin domain-containing receptor 2">DDR2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/PTK7" title="PTK7">PTK7 receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PTK7" title="PTK7">PTK7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Related_to_receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="Related to receptor tyrosine kinase">RYK receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Related_to_receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="Related to receptor tyrosine kinase">RYK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MuSK_protein" title="MuSK protein">MuSK receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MuSK_protein" title="MuSK protein">MUSK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ROS receptor family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ROS1" title="ROS1">ROS1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/AATK" title="AATK">AATYK receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AATK" title="AATK">AATYK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LMTK2" title="LMTK2">AATYK2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/AXL_receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="AXL receptor tyrosine kinase">AXL receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AXL_receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="AXL receptor tyrosine kinase">AXL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MERTK" title="MERTK">MER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TYRO3" title="TYRO3">TYRO3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/RET_proto-oncogene" title="RET proto-oncogene">RET receptor</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RET_proto-oncogene" title="RET proto-oncogene">RET</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">uncategorised</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STYK1" title="STYK1">STYK1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-receptor_tyrosine_kinases_(EC_2.7.10.2)82" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Non-receptor_tyrosine_kinase" title="Non-receptor tyrosine kinase">Non-receptor tyrosine kinases</a> (EC 2.7.10.2)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ABL_(gene)" title="ABL (gene)">ABL</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abl_gene" class="mw-redirect" title="Abl gene">ABL1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABL2" title="ABL2">ARG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/TNK2" title="TNK2">ACK</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TNK2" title="TNK2">ACK1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TNK1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TNK1 (page does not exist)">TNK1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tyrosine-protein_kinase_CSK" title="Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK">CSK</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-src_tyrosine_kinase" class="mw-redirect" title="C-src tyrosine kinase">CSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megakaryocyte-associated_tyrosine_kinase" title="Megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine kinase">MATK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/PTK2" title="PTK2">FAK</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PTK2" title="PTK2">FAK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTK2B" title="PTK2B">PYK2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Feline_sarcoma_oncogene" class="mw-redirect" title="Feline sarcoma oncogene">FES</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feline_sarcoma_oncogene" class="mw-redirect" title="Feline sarcoma oncogene">FES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FER_(gene)" title="FER (gene)">FER</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fyn-related_kinase" title="Fyn-related kinase">FRK</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fyn-related_kinase" title="Fyn-related kinase">FRK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTK6" title="PTK6">BRK</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRMS_(gene)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SRMS (gene) (page does not exist)">SRMS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Janus_kinase" title="Janus kinase">JAK</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Janus_kinase_1" title="Janus kinase 1">JAK1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janus_kinase_2" title="Janus kinase 2">JAK2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janus_kinase_3" title="Janus kinase 3">JAK3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrosine_kinase_2" title="Tyrosine kinase 2">TYK2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SRC-A family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-oncogene_tyrosine-protein_kinase_Src" title="Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src">SRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FGR_(gene)" title="FGR (gene)">FGR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FYN" title="FYN">FYN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YES1" class="mw-redirect" title="YES1">YES1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SRC-B family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tyrosine-protein_kinase_BLK" title="Tyrosine-protein kinase BLK">BLK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HCK" title="HCK">HCK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lck" class="mw-redirect" title="Lck">LCK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LYN" title="LYN">LYN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/TEC_(gene)" title="TEC (gene)">TEC</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TEC_(gene)" title="TEC (gene)">TEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMX_(gene)" title="BMX (gene)">BMX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruton%27s_tyrosine_kinase" title="Bruton's tyrosine kinase">BTK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITK_(gene)" title="ITK (gene)">ITK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TXK_(gene)" title="TXK (gene)">TXK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SYK</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SYK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZAP-70" class="mw-redirect" title="ZAP-70">ZAP70</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Enzymes56" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalytic_triad" title="Catalytic triad">Catalytic triad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxyanion_hole" title="Oxyanion hole">Oxyanion hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_promiscuity" title="Enzyme promiscuity">Enzyme promiscuity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diffusion-limited_enzyme" title="Diffusion-limited enzyme">Diffusion-limited enzyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cofactor_(biochemistry)" title="Cofactor (biochemistry)">Cofactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme_catalysis" title="Enzyme catalysis">Enzyme catalysis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allosteric_regulation" title="Allosteric regulation">Allosteric regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperativity" title="Cooperativity">Cooperativity</a></li> <li><a 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